CN1892184A - 编码器装置 - Google Patents

编码器装置 Download PDF

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CN1892184A
CN1892184A CNA2006100663382A CN200610066338A CN1892184A CN 1892184 A CN1892184 A CN 1892184A CN A2006100663382 A CNA2006100663382 A CN A2006100663382A CN 200610066338 A CN200610066338 A CN 200610066338A CN 1892184 A CN1892184 A CN 1892184A
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detection signal
photodiode
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三野宫秀亮
胁直纯
木村优子
田中润一郎
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Mitsumi Electric Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/347—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells using displacement encoding scales
    • G01D5/34746—Linear encoders
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/347—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells using displacement encoding scales
    • G01D5/34707—Scales; Discs, e.g. fixation, fabrication, compensation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/347—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells using displacement encoding scales
    • G01D5/34707—Scales; Discs, e.g. fixation, fabrication, compensation
    • G01D5/34715—Scale reading or illumination devices

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Abstract

本发明的目的是提供一种可降低检测信号的上升及下降的跳动的编码器装置。其具有：经菱形的相对一对顶点的直线与X轴平行地在X方向上相邻设置的X方向长度为X1的第1～第4光电二极管(22a～22d)；重复设置X方向长度为2×X1的透光部和遮光部并在X方向上移动的狭缝部件(21)；以及在从接收了透射过上述透光部的光的上述第1～第4光电二极管的输出信号生成第1检测信号和相对于上述第1检测信号相位只偏移上述第1检测信号的1/4周期的第2检测信号的逻辑电路(23、25)。

Description

编码器装置
技术领域
本发明涉及编码器装置，特别涉及检测被测定物的运动并产生根据运动的脉冲的编码器装置。
背景技术
作为用于检测被测定物的直线运动或旋转运动等的运动并输入到计算机等的装置，一直以来使用产生根据被测定物的运动的脉冲的编码器装置。
图6(A)、(B)表示现有编码器装置的一个实例的平面构成图、侧面构成图。同一图中，编码器装置由光源10和狭缝部件11及集成电路12构成。
将光源10和集成电路12在离开并相对的状态下固定。狭缝部件11在插入光源10和集成电路12之间的状态下相对于光源10和集成电路12在X方向(向右或向左)上自由移动。狭缝部件11固定于被测定物上，并通过被测定物运动而在X方向上移动。
如图7的俯视图所示，集成电路12在X方向上相邻设有光电二极管12a、12b、12c、12d。光电二极管12a、12b、12c、12d分别设定为X方向长度为X1，Y方向宽度为Y1，且各光电二极管的受光面积相同。
如图8的俯视图所示，狭缝部件11在X方向上相邻且重复地设有透光部11a和遮光部11b。透光部11a和遮光部11b分别设定为X方向长度2×X1，Y方向宽度Y1+α(＞Y1)。
在图6中，光电二极管12a、12c的输出信号在比较器13进行比较，比较结果作为检测信号从端子14输出。此外，光电二极管12b、12d的输出信号在比较器15进行比较，比较结果作为检测信号从端子16输出。
这里，在狭缝部件11相对于集成电路12在X方向向右移动时，光电二极管12a、12b、12c、12d各自的入射光量如图9(A)、(B)、(C)、(D)般变化。
这样，比较器13的输出信号成为图9(E)所示一般，比较器15的输出信号如图9(F)所示，成为只滞后于比较器13的输出信号1/4周期的波形。一方面，在狭缝部件11相对于集成电路12在X方向向左移动时，比较器15的输出检测信号成为只提前于比较器13的输出检测信号1/4周期的波形。
再有，在专利文献1(特开平6-18290号公报)中公开了具有在开孔排列方向移动的部件、检测通过上述开孔的光的受光元件、从受光元件的各受光部的检测输出产生输出脉冲的信号处理部的编码器装置。
当狭缝部件11相对于集成电路12在X方向向左匀速移动时，光电二极管12a的入射光量如图9(A)所示，在时间τ内单调递增，并在时间τ内成为最大，而后在时间τ内单调递减。光电二极管12c的入射光量如图9(C)所示，在时间τ内单调递减，并在时间τ内成为最小，而后在时间τ内单调递增。
比较器13的输出的检测信号在光电二极管12c的入射光量比光电二极管12a的入射光量小的时刻下降，由于比较器13的输入信号为单调递增或单调递减现象，所以下降的时间变化即跳动大。同样，上升的跳动也变大，存在比较器15的输出检测信号的上升及下降的跳动大的问题。
发明内容
本发明鉴于上述问题而进行的，其目的是提供一种可降低检测信号的上升及下降的跳动的编码器装置。
本发明的编码器装置通过具有经菱形的相对一对顶点的直线与X轴平行地在X方向上相邻设置的X方向长度为X1的第1～第4光电二极管、重复设置X方向长度为2×X1的透光部和遮光部并在X方向上移动的狭缝部件以及在从接收了透射过上述透光部的光的上述第1～第4光电二极管的输出信号生成第1检测信号和相对于上述第1检测信号相位只偏移上述第1检测信号的1/4周期的第2检测信号的逻辑电路，可降低检测信号的上升及下降的跳动。
此外，上述编码器装置的上述透光部和遮光部的与上述X方向正交的Y方向宽度超过上述第1～第4光电二极管的Y方向宽度。
再有，上述编码器装置的上述逻辑电路具有将接收了透过过上述透光部透射的光的上述第1光电二极管的输出信号与上述第3光电二极管的输出信号进行比较而得到上述第1检测信号的第1比较器以及将接收了透射过上述透光部的光的上述第2光电二极管的输出信号与上述第4光电二极管的输出信号进行比较而得到上述第2检测信号的第2比较器。
还有，上述编码器装置在X方向上相邻地设有多组上述第1～第4光电二极管。
根据本发明，可降低检测信号的上升及下降的跳动。
附图说明
图1是本发明的编码器装置的一个实施方式的平面构成图、侧面构成图。
图2是本发明的集成电路的俯视图。
图3是本发明的狭缝部件的俯视图。
图4是图1各部分的信号波形图。
图5是本发明的集成电路的俯视图。
图6是现有的编码器装置的一个实施方式的平面构成图、侧面构成图。
图7是现有的集成电路的俯视图。
图8是现有的狭缝部件的俯视图。
图9是图6各部分的信号波形图。
图中：
21-狭缝部件    21a-透光部    21b-遮光部
22-集成电路    22a～22d，22a’～22d’-光电二极管
23，25-比较器
具体实施方式
下面将参照附图来说明本发明的实施方式。
图1(A)、(B)表示本发明的编码器装置的一个实施方式的平面构成图、侧面构成图。同一图中，编码器装置由未图示的光源20和狭缝部件21及集成电路22构成。
光源20和集成电路22在离开并相对的状态下固定。狭缝部件21在插入光源20和集成电路22之间的状态下相对于光源20和集成电路22在X方向(向右或向左)上自由移动。狭缝部件21固定于被测定物上，并通过被测定物的直线运动或旋转运动等运动而在X方向上移动。
如图2的俯视图所示，集成电路22上在X方向上相邻地设有菱形光电二极管22a、22b、22c、22d，使得经菱形的相对一对顶点的直线与X轴平行。再有，菱形光电二极管可以是正方形。光电二极管22a～22d分别设定为X方向长度为X1，Y方向宽度为2×Y1，各光电二极管的受光面积相同。再有X方向与Y方向正交。
如图3的俯视图所示，狭缝部件21在X方向上相邻且重复地设有长方形透光部21a和遮光部21b。透光部21a和遮光部21b分别设定为X方向长度2×X1，Y方向宽度2×Y1+α(＞2×Y1)。
在图1(A)中，光电二极管22a、22c的输出信号在比较器23进行比较，比较结果作为检测信号从端子24输出。光电二极管22b、22d的输出信号在比较器25进行比较，比较结果作为检测信号从端子26输出。
这里，当狭缝部件21相对于集成电路22在X方向向右匀速移动时，光电二极管22a的入射光量如图4(A)所示，从时刻t0到时间τ/2增加率逐渐增加，并在时间τ/2增加率成为最大，而后到时间τ增加率逐渐减小。此外，从时刻t2到时间τ/2减少率逐渐增加，并在时间τ/2减少率成为最大，而后到时间τ减少率逐渐减小。
另一方面，光电二极管22c的入射光量如图4(C)所示，从时刻t0到时间τ/2减少率逐渐增加，并在时间τ/2减少率成为最大，而后到时间τ减少率逐渐减小。此外，从时刻t2到时间τ/2增加率逐渐增加，并在时间τ/2增加率成为最大，而后到时间τ增加率逐渐减小。
因此，比较器23输出的检测信号如图4(E)所示，在从时刻t0经过时间τ/2的时刻急剧下降，在从时刻t2经过时间τ/2的时刻急剧上升。因此，检测信号的上升及下降的跳动大幅变小。
同样地，当狭缝部件21相对于集成电路22在X方向向右匀速移动时，光电二极管22b的入射光量如图4(B)所示，从时刻t1到时间τ/2增加率逐渐增加，并在时间τ/2增加率成为最大，而后到时间τ增加率逐渐减小。此外，从时刻t3到时间τ/2减少率逐渐增加，并在时间τ/2减少率成为最大，而后到时间τ减少率逐渐减小。
另一方面，光电二极管22g的入射光量如图4(D)所示，从时刻t1到时间τ/2减少率逐渐增加，并在时间τ/2减少率成为最大，而后到时间τ时减少率逐渐减小。此外，从时刻t3到时间τ/2增加率逐渐增加，并在时间τ/2增加成为最大，而后到时间τ增加率逐渐减小。
因此，比较器25的输出检测信号如图4(F)所示，在从时刻t1经过时间τ/2的时刻急剧下降，在从时刻t3经过时间τ/2的时刻急剧上升。因此，检测信号的上升及下降的跳动大幅变小。
再有，如图5的俯视图所示，集成电路22上在X方向上相邻地设有光电二极管22a、22b、22c、22d、22a’、22b’、22c’、22d’。光电二极管22a～22d、22a’～22d’分别为菱形，且经菱形的相对两个顶点的直线在X方向上延伸。光电二极管22a～22d、22a’～22d’分别设定为X方向长度为X1，Y方向宽度为2×Y1，各光电二极管的受光面积相同。于是，可采取在光电二极管22a～22d各自的输出上加上对应的光电二极管22a’～22d’各自的输出，并输入到比较器23、25的构成。通过该构成，可抑制各光电二极管的位置不同所引起的入射光量的波动。
再有，光电二极管22a～22d相当于方案记载的第1～第4光电二极管，比较器23、25相当于逻辑电路。

Claims (4)

1.一种编码器装置，其特征在于，
具有：经菱形的相对一对顶点的直线与X轴平行地在X方向上相邻设置的X方向长度为X1的第1～第4光电二极管；重复设置X方向长度为2×X1的透光部和遮光部并在X方向上移动的狭缝部件；以及在从接收了透射过所述透光部的光的所述第1～第4光电二极管的输出信号生成第1检测信号和相对于所述第1检测信号相位只偏移所述第1检测信号的1/4周期的第2检测信号的逻辑电路。
2.根据权利要求1所述的编码器装置，其特征在于，
所述透光部和遮光部的与所述X方向正交的Y方向宽度超过所述第1～第4光电二极管的Y方向宽度。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的编码器装置，其特征在于，
所述逻辑电路具有：将接收了透射过所述透光部的光的所述第1光电二极管的输出信号与所述第3光电二极管的输出信号进行比较而得到所述第1检测信号的第1比较器；和将接收了透射过所述透光部的光的所述第2光电二极管的输出信号与所述第4光电二极管的输出信号进行比较而得到所述第2检测信号的第2比较器。
4.根据权利要求1～3中任意一项所述的编码器装置，其特征在于，
在X方向上相邻地设有多组所述第1～第4光电二极管。
CNB2006100663382A 2005-06-29 2006-03-30 编码器装置 Expired - Fee Related CN100570282C (zh)

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