CN1884231A - Water gel explosive with low detonation velocity for mining and method for producing same - Google Patents
Water gel explosive with low detonation velocity for mining and method for producing same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1884231A CN1884231A CN 200610090783 CN200610090783A CN1884231A CN 1884231 A CN1884231 A CN 1884231A CN 200610090783 CN200610090783 CN 200610090783 CN 200610090783 A CN200610090783 A CN 200610090783A CN 1884231 A CN1884231 A CN 1884231A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- ammonium nitrate
- water
- compound anti
- explosive
- mining
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-exploding slurry explosive and preparing method, which comprises the following parts: 15-30% ammonium nitrate solution, 22-32% methylamine nitrate solution, 8-15% sodium nitrate, 0.8-0.9% sesban powder, 12-15% calcium carbonate, 0.7-3.4% hydrophobic pearlite, 0.3-0.6% polystyrene plastic ball, 0.2-0.4% cross linker and 18-30% composite water resistance grain-sized ammonium nitrate. The preparing method comprises the following steps: preparing ammonium nitrate solution and composite water resistance grain-sized ammonium nitrate (the grain size is 3-5 mm); adding ammonium nitrate solution, methylamine nitrate solution, sodium nitrate, sesban powder, calcium carbonate, hydrophobic pearlite, polystyrene plastic ball, cross linker and composite water resistance grain-sized ammonium nitrate in the mixing tank; blending evenly; loading.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of explosive and manufacture method thereof, be particularly related to a kind of be used for containing under the coal mine gas and coal dust explosion hazard working face explosion requirement, controlled blasting coal breakage lumpiness, or the controlled blasting of tunnel-surrounding eye face, or water gel explosive with low detonation velocity for mining and the manufacture method thereof used such as the anti-reflection controlled blasting of the projecting coal bed extraction of low gas permeability gas hole presplitting.
Background technology
Tunnel and working face at gas and coal dust explosion hazard carry out in the controlled blasting, are control coal breakage lumpiness, or alleviate the destruction of explosion to country rock or coal body, press for a kind of Permitted Detonator for Coal Mining explosive of low explosion velocity high-power.As in the tunnel smooth blasting construction, periphery hole this explosive of packing into can reduce the pressure in big gun hole, reduces the destruction of explosion to country rock, can form good tunnel contoured surface again; And for example: at stope, make the lumpiness of coal blasting big, can reduce destruction to coal body with this low explosive explosion, the bulk amount of coal increases; For another example: in low gas permeability gas is projecting coal bed, in order to increase the ventilation property of coal body, in gas extraction hole, carry out deep hole presplitting blasting with this explosive, both can increase the ventilation property in coal seam, extraction hole coal body is on every side formed run through the crack, guarantee that again the extraction hole is intact, improve gas exhaust efficient etc. with this.
The low explosive kind is more both at home and abroad at present, can be referring to the low explosion velocity bulking ammonium nitrate explosive and the method for making thereof of inventions such as Lv Chunxu, main preparation technology reduces explosion velocity for inert substances such as ammonium nitrate expanded back adding combustible agent and perlite are diluted, and sees China Patent No. 02137848.7; Invention industrial mixed explosives with low detonation speed and method for makings thereof such as Lv Chunxu add heavy metal oxide or Mysticum gunpowder reduction explosion velocity with No. 2 rock powdery ammoniumnitrate explosivess, see China Patent No. 89105369.7; The low exploding speed type explosive-source explosive post of Zhang Hongfeng etc. invention by changing loaded constitution, has high explosive and makes the low exploding speed type explosive-source explosive post as the retired black powder of detonating material, sees Chinese patent 03217158.7; Abroad with TNT, RDX, single chmical compound explosives such as PETN are the blast component, with high molecule plastic as tackiness agent, produce bubble with air-blowing method or chemical blowing process, obtain low explosion velocity foamed explosive after the curing, above-mentioned explosive and method for making thereof all can obtain the low explosive that a kind of explosion velocity is 1800～2500m/s, but exist following defective: (1) can not use at the operation working face that gas and coal dust explosion hazard are arranged; (2) explosive energy density is low; (3) contain high explosives such as simple substance TNT or contain responsive compositions such as black powder in the explosive, production security is poor.
Summary of the invention
The present invention with methylamine nitrate solution as sensitizing agent, with lime carbonate is flame-cooling agent, add particle diameter and be the compound anti-water ammonium nitrate of macrobead shape of 3～5mm and polystyrene plastic ball as retarding agent, make the water gel explosives for mine that explosion velocity is low, power is high, water repelling property is superior by crosslinked action, the manufacture method of this water gel explosive with low detonation velocity for mining also is provided simultaneously.
For this reason, the present invention adopts following technical proposals: a kind of water gel explosive with low detonation velocity for mining is characterized in that this explosive made by following composition: by weight percentage: concentration is that 75%～85% ammonium nitrate solution 15～30, concentration are that 78%～84% methylamine nitrate solution 22～32, SODIUMNITRATE 8～15, sesbania powder 0.8～0.9, lime carbonate 12～15, hydrophobic pearlite are 0.7～3.4, the polystyrene plastic ball is 0.3～0.6, linking agent 0.2～0.4, compound anti-water particle shape ammonium nitrate 18～30.
Wherein compound anti-water particle shape ammonium nitrate contains by weight percentage: ammonium nitrate 88～94, compound anti-water coating 6～12.
The particle diameter of compound anti-water particle shape ammonium nitrate is 3～5mm.
Compound anti-water coating material contains by weight percentage: paraffin or compound wax 30～50, rosin 20～30, octadecane amine 25～35, emulsifying agent 5～10.
The method of making water gel explosive with low detonation velocity for mining of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
A. ammonium nitrate and water Hybrid Heating are made 60～70 ℃ ammonium nitrate solution;
B. 60～70 ℃ methylamine nitrate solution is made in the heating of methylamine nitrate solution;
C. SODIUMNITRATE and sesbania powder are pulverized mixing;
D. with paraffin or compound wax and rosin, octadecane amine and emulsifying agent in 100～120 ℃ of consolutes, make compound anti-water coating;
E. the ammonium nitrate granule with coarse crushing is to join after the drying under 100～120 ℃ of conditions in the compound anti-water coating that is obtained by steps d in gas flow temperature, and be that dispersed with stirring coated 15～20 minutes under 100～120 ℃ of conditions in temperature, be cooled to normal temperature and promptly make compound anti-water particle shape ammonium nitrate;
F. in mixing tank, add successively that the solution that is obtained by step a and b mixes the back, adds that the powder that is obtained by step c mixes the back, adds lime carbonate, hydrophobic pearlite, polystyrene plastic ball mix, add linking agent and mix, add the compound anti-water particle shape ammonium nitrate that obtains by step e at last and mix the back powder charge, promptly make water gel explosive with low detonation velocity for mining.
Ultimate principle of the present invention is: with methylamine nitrate solution as sensitizing agent, with lime carbonate is flame-cooling agent, utilize membrane technique to make anti-water oil phase material and tensio-active agent be coated on exsiccant ammonium nitrate large particle surface, compound anti-water particle shape ammonium nitrate of the macrobead that makes and polystyrene plastic ball are as retarding agent, the gelinite that adopts crosslinking technological and make, it is low to obtain explosion velocity, the high and superior water gel explosives for mine of water resisting property of power.
The present invention has following characteristics:
1, the present domestic report that still do not have of the preparation of relevant oarse-grained compound anti-water ammonium nitrate, domestic only have the preparation of waterproof powder body ammonium nitrate, a preparation of expanded ammonium nitrate, among the present invention water repellent agent (rosin and paraffin etc.) and tensio-active agent (octadecane amine, emulsifying agent) combined ammonium nitrate surface is coated processing, thereby make the anti-water of ammonium nitrate granule, simultaneously, this coating fusing point height, the compound water-resistant material that effectively stops this ammonium nitrate surface is emanated in the water gel explosive system and is destroyed gelinite, and the package stability of explosive is played an important role.
2, adopt oarse-grained anti-water ammonium nitrate as thinner in the explosive, both played the purpose that reduces explosion velocity of explosive, improved the energy of explosive charge again.
In sum, the present invention compares with other low explosive, and its remarkable advantage is
1) at the poisonous components such as not conforming to TNT in the composition of selecting for use of contained explosive, production safety, free from environmental pollution;
2) adopt coatedparticles ammonium nitrate as retarding agent, make that the water gel explosives for mine explosion velocity is low, the energy density height;
3) stability of explosive is good, is having the outstanding working face of coal and gas all can use.
Embodiment
Following embodiment can make those skilled in the art more fully understand the present invention, but does not limit the present invention in any way.In addition, if no special instructions, the each component percentage composition is meant weight percentage among the present invention.
＜embodiment 1 〉
The explosion velocity scope is the water gel explosive with low detonation velocity for mining of 2000～2300m/s, select component and quality proportioning to be: concentration is that 78% ammonium nitrate solution 28.5%, concentration are 83% methylamine nitrate solution 25%, SODIUMNITRATE 9%, sesbania powder 0.8%, lime carbonate 15%, hydrophobic pearlite is 2%, and the polystyrene plastic ball is 0.5%, potassium bichromate 0.2%, compound anti-water particle shape ammonium nitrate 19%.Wherein: the component and the quality proportioning of compound anti-water particle shape ammonium nitrate are: ammonium nitrate 92%, compound anti-water coating 8%; The component and the quality proportioning of compound anti-water coating material are: compound wax 30%, rosin 25%, octadecane amine 35%, RJ-1 emulsifying agent (chemical name polyisobutene succinimide) 10%.
Compound wax is produced for Jiangsu Taizhou Refinery in the embodiments of the invention, the RJ-1 emulsifying agent is by Lanzhou Oil Refinery production, the polystyrene plastic ball is that (particle diameter is 2～4mm) to the purchase of U.S. water chestnut package plant, and hydrophobic pearlite is that the Zhengzhou City emerging perlite of flood factory produces, and is as follows from Hefei.
Make water gel explosive with low detonation velocity for mining of the present invention according to above-mentioned component and content with following preparation process:
A. ammonium nitrate and water Hybrid Heating are made 70 ℃, concentration is 78% ammonium nitrate solution, and is standby;
B. be that 65 ℃ methylamine nitrate solution is made in the heating of 83% methylamine nitrate solution with concentration, standby;
C. SODIUMNITRATE and sesbania powder are mixed by pulverizing according to the above ratio, standby;
D. with compound wax, rosin, octadecane amine, the weighing according to the above ratio of RJ-1 emulsifying agent in 100 ℃ of consolutes, make compound anti-water coating, standby;
E. (particle diameter is 3～5mm) to be under 100～120 ℃ of conditions after the drying in gas flow temperature to the ammonium nitrate granule of coarse crushing, join in the tank body of the compound anti-water coating that obtains by steps d, discharging after temperature is that dispersed with stirring coats 15～20 minutes under 100～120 ℃ of conditions, be cooled to normal temperature and obtain compound anti-water particle shape ammonium nitrate, standby;
F. in mixing tank, adding the solution that obtained by step a and b successively mixes after 3～5 minutes, adds the powder that is obtained by step c and mix after 5～8 minutes, add lime carbonate, hydrophobic pearlite, polystyrene plastic ball mixing 5～8 minutes, add linking agent potassium bichromate mixing 3～5 minutes, add at last by step e and obtain compound anti-water particle shape ammonium nitrate mixing after 5～8 minutes, with the medicine diameter of packing into is in the powder stick of φ 27mm, makes the water gel explosive with low detonation velocity for mining that the explosion velocity scope is 2000～2300m/s.
＜embodiment 2 〉
Making the explosion velocity scope is the Permitted Detonator for Coal Mining low explosive of 1700～2000m/s, select component and quality proportioning to be: concentration is that 83% ammonium nitrate solution 18.6%, concentration are 78% methylamine nitrate solution 23%, SODIUMNITRATE 12%, sesbania powder 0.8%, lime carbonate 14%, and hydrophobic pearlite is 3%, the polystyrene plastic ball is 0.4%, potassium pyroantimoniate 0.2%, compound anti-water particle shape ammonium nitrate 28%.Wherein: the component and the quality proportioning of compound anti-water particle shape ammonium nitrate are: ammonium nitrate 91%, compound anti-water coating 9%; The component and the quality proportioning of compound anti-water coating material are: compound wax 40%, rosin 25%, octadecane amine 25%, SP-80 emulsifying agent (chemical name dehydration sorbic alcohol monoleate) 10% (Coal Mining Research Institute's Huaibei Study on Blasting is produced).
According to above-mentioned component and content,, can produce the water gel explosive with low detonation velocity for mining that the explosion velocity scope is 1700～2000m/s according to the preparation process of embodiment 1.
＜embodiment 3 〉
Making the explosion velocity scope is the water gel explosive with low detonation velocity for mining of 1800～2200m/s, select component and quality proportioning to be: concentration is that 82% ammonium nitrate solution 22%, concentration are 82% methylamine nitrate solution 25%, SODIUMNITRATE 12%, sesbania powder 0.8%, lime carbonate 14%, and hydrophobic pearlite is 2.5%, the polystyrene plastic ball is 0.5%, potassium bichromate 0.2%, compound anti-water particle shape ammonium nitrate 23%.Wherein: the component and the quality proportioning of anti-water particle shape ammonium nitrate are: ammonium nitrate 90%, compound anti-water coating 10%; The component and the quality proportioning of compound anti-water coating material are: paraffin 40%, rosin 25%, octadecane amine 30%, RJ-1 emulsifying agent 5%.
According to above-mentioned component and content,, can produce the water gel explosive with low detonation velocity for mining that the explosion velocity scope is 1800～2200m/s according to the preparation process of embodiment 1.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of water gel explosive with low detonation velocity for mining is characterized in that this explosive made by following composition: by weight percentage: concentration is that 75%～85% ammonium nitrate solution 15～30, concentration are that 78%～84% methylamine nitrate solution 22～32, SODIUMNITRATE 8～15, sesbania powder 0.8～0.9, lime carbonate 12～15, hydrophobic pearlite are 0.7～3.4, the polystyrene plastic ball is 0.3～0.6, linking agent 0.2～0.4, compound anti-water particle shape ammonium nitrate 18～30.
2, water gel explosive with low detonation velocity for mining according to claim 1 is characterized in that compound anti-water particle shape ammonium nitrate contains by weight percentage: ammonium nitrate 88～94, compound anti-water coating 6～12.
3, water gel explosive with low detonation velocity for mining according to claim 2, the particle diameter that it is characterized in that compound anti-water particle shape ammonium nitrate is 3～5mm.
4, water gel explosive with low detonation velocity for mining according to claim 2 is characterized in that compound anti-water coating material contains by weight percentage: paraffin or compound wax 30～50, rosin 20～30, octadecane amine 25～35, emulsifying agent 5～10.
5, a kind of method of making each described water gel explosive with low detonation velocity for mining of claim 1 to 3 is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
A. ammonium nitrate and water Hybrid Heating are made 60～70 ℃ ammonium nitrate solution;
B. 60～70 ℃ methylamine nitrate solution is made in the heating of methylamine nitrate solution;
C. SODIUMNITRATE and sesbania powder are pulverized mixing;
D. with paraffin or compound wax and rosin, octadecane amine and emulsifying agent in 100～120 ℃ of consolutes, make compound anti-water coating;
E. the ammonium nitrate granule with coarse crushing is to join after the drying under 100～120 ℃ of conditions in the compound anti-water coating that is obtained by steps d in gas flow temperature, and be that dispersed with stirring coated 15～20 minutes under 100～120 ℃ of conditions in temperature, be cooled to normal temperature and promptly make compound anti-water particle shape ammonium nitrate;
F. in mixing tank, add successively that the solution that is obtained by step a and b mixes the back, adds that the powder that is obtained by step c mixes the back, adds lime carbonate, hydrophobic pearlite, polystyrene plastic ball mix, add linking agent and mix, add the compound anti-water particle shape ammonium nitrate that obtains by step e at last and mix the back powder charge, promptly make water gel explosive with low detonation velocity for mining.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100907832A CN100413819C (en) | 2006-06-30 | 2006-06-30 | Water gel explosive with low detonation velocity for mining and method for producing same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100907832A CN100413819C (en) | 2006-06-30 | 2006-06-30 | Water gel explosive with low detonation velocity for mining and method for producing same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1884231A true CN1884231A (en) | 2006-12-27 |
| CN100413819C CN100413819C (en) | 2008-08-27 |
Family
ID=37582551
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100907832A Expired - Fee Related CN100413819C (en) | 2006-06-30 | 2006-06-30 | Water gel explosive with low detonation velocity for mining and method for producing same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN100413819C (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102418549A (en) * | 2011-08-15 | 2012-04-18 | 河南理工大学 | Technical method for extracting coalbed methane from constructed coal development area |
| CN102942428A (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2013-02-27 | 安徽理工大学 | High-power water gel explosive applicable to coal mine and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103922874A (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2014-07-16 | 葛洲坝易普力股份有限公司 | Application of protogenetic polystyrene particle as physical sensitizing agent in mixed loading emulsion explosive, mixed loading emulsion explosive and preparation method of emulsion explosive |
| CN104987272A (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-10-21 | 安徽雷鸣科化股份有限公司 | High detonation speed seismic explosive column and making method thereof |
| CN104987270A (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-10-21 | 安徽雷鸣科化股份有限公司 | Anti-compressive water gel explosive |
| CN105418341A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-03-23 | 山西江阳兴安民爆器材有限公司 | Main charge for charging of emulsified seismic explosive column |
| JP2020516577A (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2020-06-11 | ルータス サイエンス アンド テクノロジーズ リミテッド | Improvements in or related to energetic materials |
| CN112876325A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-01 | 中南大学 | Low-detonation-velocity mixed explosive for explosive welding and preparation method and application thereof |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102718615A (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2012-10-10 | 保利民爆济南科技有限公司 | Ammonium nitrate fuel oil |
| CN105439783A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-03-30 | 山西江阳兴安民爆器材有限公司 | Expired propellant-containing water-gel explosive-filled seismic charge and preparation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AUPQ879000A0 (en) * | 2000-07-14 | 2000-08-10 | Davco Construction Materials Pty Limited | Mortar composition and method |
| CN1245360C (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2006-03-15 | 安徽雷鸣科化股份有限公司 | Method and equipment for making emulsion aqueous-gels mixed explosive |
| AU2003245476A1 (en) * | 2002-06-14 | 2003-12-31 | Nft Industries, Llc | Pesticide carrier and products |
-
2006
- 2006-06-30 CN CNB2006100907832A patent/CN100413819C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102418549A (en) * | 2011-08-15 | 2012-04-18 | 河南理工大学 | Technical method for extracting coalbed methane from constructed coal development area |
| CN102418549B (en) * | 2011-08-15 | 2013-09-25 | 河南理工大学 | Technical method for extracting coal bed methane from constructed coal development area |
| CN102942428A (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2013-02-27 | 安徽理工大学 | High-power water gel explosive applicable to coal mine and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102942428B (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2015-01-14 | 安徽理工大学 | High-power water gel explosive applicable to coal mine and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103922874A (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2014-07-16 | 葛洲坝易普力股份有限公司 | Application of protogenetic polystyrene particle as physical sensitizing agent in mixed loading emulsion explosive, mixed loading emulsion explosive and preparation method of emulsion explosive |
| CN103922874B (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2015-11-25 | 葛洲坝易普力股份有限公司 | Primary granules of polystyrene is as the application and the mixed loading emulsion explosive and preparation method thereof of physical sensitization agent in the mixed loading emulsion explosive |
| CN104987272A (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-10-21 | 安徽雷鸣科化股份有限公司 | High detonation speed seismic explosive column and making method thereof |
| CN104987270A (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-10-21 | 安徽雷鸣科化股份有限公司 | Anti-compressive water gel explosive |
| CN105418341A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-03-23 | 山西江阳兴安民爆器材有限公司 | Main charge for charging of emulsified seismic explosive column |
| JP2020516577A (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2020-06-11 | ルータス サイエンス アンド テクノロジーズ リミテッド | Improvements in or related to energetic materials |
| JP7177138B2 (en) | 2017-04-10 | 2022-11-22 | ルータス サイエンス アンド テクノロジーズ リミテッド | improvement of or relating to energetic matter |
| CN112876325A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-01 | 中南大学 | Low-detonation-velocity mixed explosive for explosive welding and preparation method and application thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100413819C (en) | 2008-08-27 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN100413819C (en) | Water gel explosive with low detonation velocity for mining and method for producing same | |
| CN100360478C (en) | Environment-friendly type glutinous pellet explosive | |
| CN104045495A (en) | Viscous and granular anfo (ammonium nitrate and fuel oil) explosive and preparation method thereof | |
| RU2136640C1 (en) | Method of preparing explosive and explosive prepared by claimed method | |
| EP0194775A1 (en) | Stable nitrate/slurry explosives | |
| CN1029521C (en) | Granulated emulsion explosive for rocks | |
| CN1045428C (en) | Solid state emulsified compound granular explosive and its preparation method | |
| CN114262249B (en) | Composite explosive particles and preparation method thereof | |
| US4718954A (en) | Explosive compositions | |
| CN103242115B (en) | Water gel and ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and production method thereof | |
| CN112592246B (en) | Insensitive explosive | |
| CN100386294C (en) | Porous mixed ammonium nitrate explosive | |
| CN1034264A (en) | Low density grainy emulsified explosive | |
| CN102491860A (en) | On-site mixed and expanded ammonium nitrate explosive and production method thereof | |
| CN113354492A (en) | Industrial explosive containing expanded ammonium nitrate particles and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104761418A (en) | Low-detonation-velocity explosive for explosive welding and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110655433A (en) | High-performance mixed emulsion explosive and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102850150B (en) | The powder porous ammonium nitrate explosive of ternary component and manufacture method thereof and using method | |
| WO2020140134A1 (en) | Explosive compositions with reduced fume | |
| CN114773133B (en) | Rock petroleum emulsion explosive for top hole charging | |
| US4867813A (en) | Salt-phase sensitized water-containing explosives | |
| CN106518584A (en) | Emulsified ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and preparation method thereof | |
| CN113880672A (en) | Efficient rock powdery emulsion explosive | |
| CN112876325B (en) | Low-detonation-velocity mixed explosive for explosive welding and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN103626614B (en) | Low explosion velocity explosive for explosive welding |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20080827 Termination date: 20120630 |