CN1034264A - Low density grainy emulsified explosive - Google Patents
Low density grainy emulsified explosive Download PDFInfo
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- CN1034264A CN1034264A CN 87103658 CN87103658A CN1034264A CN 1034264 A CN1034264 A CN 1034264A CN 87103658 CN87103658 CN 87103658 CN 87103658 A CN87103658 A CN 87103658A CN 1034264 A CN1034264 A CN 1034264A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B47/00—Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase
- C06B47/14—Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase comprising a solid component and an aqueous phase
- C06B47/145—Water in oil emulsion type explosives in which a carbonaceous fuel forms the continuous phase
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Abstract
Low density grainy emulsified explosive is a kind of explosive new variety of low C-J detonation pre ssure, is specially adapted to reducing big gun hole detonation pressure, improves stability of surrounding rock and reduces smooth blasting, presplitting blasting and other controlled blasting engineering of blast hole projectile filling.
Low density emulsion explosive of the present invention is by oxygenant, combustible agent, water, density adjuster and add a spot of sensitizing agent and make.
It is low that this explosive has density, and explosion velocity is low, and diameter is little, the advantage that explosion transfer performance is good, thus can in a big way, adjust the wire-bound dose in big gun hole.
Description
Low density grainy emulsified explosive provided by the present invention is a kind of explosive new variety of low C-J detonation pre ssure, is specially adapted to be to reduce big gun hole detonation pressure, improves stability of surrounding rock and reduces smooth blasting, presplitting blasting and other controlled blasting engineering of hole charge.
Smooth blasting and presplitting blasting are both at home and abroad nearly two during the last ten years in department's tunnelings such as railway, highway, water power, mines, the explosion new technology of extensively carrying out in the engineerings such as roadway construction.The perimeter blasting hole that light is quick-fried will be selected suitable explosive kind for use according to the character of rock, loads rational dose and loaded constitution, and energy and rock that explosive blasting is discharged are complementary by the broken energy that needs of expectation, can obtain good blasting effect.
This century the seventies, the quick-fried engineering of some light of China, once using diameter is 17～20 millimeters, density is 0.85～1.10(gram per centimeter
3) the powdery rock an-tnt explosive, its wire-bound dose is 190～350(gram/rice) explosion velocity is 1830～3340(meter per second), in order to alleviate the country rock over-drastic is destroyed, the density of this explosive is still disliked too high, in medium-length hole, also must link ignite in addition and to avoid " pipe effect ", (claiming " internal channel effect " again) and put out quick-fried with primacord fuse.
A kind of low explosive LDP of Japan's test, its density is the 0.95(gram per centimeter
3) 30 millimeters of powder stick diameters, under constraint condition, explosion velocity is the 1470(meter per second), this explosive blasting vibrations produce the maximum displacement bit rate in rock mass, only be equivalent to 1/3rd of new paulownia Di Namaite explosive (containing nitroglycerine).
The light of Sweden is quick-fried, and its density of the quick-fried special dynamite of the Gu Lite that uses for many years (Gurit) light (containing nitroglycerine 50%) is the 1.2(gram per centimeter
3), explosion velocity is the 4000(meter per second under fast approximately condition), powdery powder stick diameter has 17 and 11 millimeters two kinds, the wire-bound dose of this smooth blasting powders just can reduce to 200 and 100(gram/rice).The quick-fried experience of the light of Sweden is pointed out: the critical particle vibration velocity of detonation point is soft rock (700～800 mm/second are medium hardness, and 1000 mm/second are above to be solid rock) below 400 mm/second.If the employing diameter is 11 millimeters a Gu Lite explosive, quick-fried to the light in soft rock periphery big gun hole, wire-bound dose drops to 100(gram/rice), the concussion of blasting that country rock is subjected to destroys minimum.
Gloomy Bick good fortune company is thought by Canada Industrial Co., Ltd and the U.S., and to produce every meter powder charge respectively be 85 grams and 80 primacord fuses that restrain, and equally also is the light blasting powders kind that is used to reduce wire-bound dose.
With the outer light blasting powders that uses, contain more high explosive component, the cost of explosive is than higher.
The quick-fried practice of light spells out: being adapted to the quick-fried explosive of light, should be low density, low explosion velocity, high quick-fried energy and the good explosive of propagation of explosion, and continuous charging is best to the loaded constitution of peripheral hole to adopt radially.Obviously, the quick-fried key (particularly soft rock light is quick-fried) of light is the wire-bound dose that will reduce the big gun hole, with the energy of controlled blasting.
The water gel explosive of domestic introduction du pont company, wherein SYZ-2(T90) kind, its density is the 0.87(gram per centimeter
3), explosion velocity is the 4000(meter per second), minimum powder stick is 25 millimeters, it is quick-fried to can be used for light, but its traditional thread binding amount is still at 400(gram/rice) more than.
The emulsified oil explosive EL-102 prescription of domestic development, it is quick-fried to can be used for light, and its density is 1.05～1.30(gram per centimeter
3), explosion velocity is the 3500(meter per second) during 20 millimeters of powder stick diameters, wire-bound dose still is not less than 330(gram/rice).This shows that domestic and international existing explosive density is bigger, it is excessive that charge diameter is still disliked, and do not reach the purpose that reduces the continuous charging amount in the big gun hole.
For adapting to the situation of China, smooth demolition effect can be had breakthrough, should take new technological approaches to make the quick-fried special dynamite of light, study the feasibility problem that low density explosive and emulsified oil explosive combine exactly.
Low density explosive is a kind of novel pyrotechnic composition of external report over past ten years.This explosive is to adopt low density material or foam materials and too peace, hexogen or explosives such as tritonal, ammonium nitrate are mixed and made into, also available foamy polymkeric substance adds high explosive, make the low density explosive of closed bubble or perforate bubble through foaming, manufacture method has hybrid system, pickling process, dilatometry, soaks molten method, method of evaporation etc.But general manufacture method is complicated, also has the shortcoming that critical diameter is big and be difficult to detonate.
Emulsion explosive is the seventies in this century, at first a kind of new aqueous explosive that grows up from the U.S..This explosive mainly by aqueous solution such as oxygenant ammonium nitrate, SODIUMNITRATE as phase in the dispersive, oil fuel and emulsifying agent are by means of the continuous foreign minister of emulsifying technology conduct, constitute a kind of water-in-oil-type emulsus lotion, after sneaking into bubble or bubble carrier (as glass tiny balloon, pearlstone etc.) again, just become and have the emulsion explosive that detonator can detonate.
Water content in the general emulsion explosive is 8～16%, and the density of explosive is at 1.05～1.30%(gram per centimeter
3) scope.Rock type emulsion explosive explosion velocity is about 4500～5500(meter per second), and brisance height, water resisting property is strong, why has blast performance so well, can think because the interior phase of aqueous oxidizing agent solution such as ammonium nitrate is that homodisperse becomes superfine (less than 2 microns) particle, but closely coated by the continuous foreign minister of fuel oil as thin as a wafer, this just causes good explosive oxidation reduction reaction conditions to pyrotechnic composition, therefore, in the explosive component, even contain moisture content, also can obtain higher explosive reaction speed, this characteristic is that the ammonium ladder can't be compared with ammonium wet goods powdery pyrotechnic composition.
Through research trial, find the characteristics of comprehensive low density explosive and emulsion explosive manufacturing process, get its chief and keep away its weak point, with material mixing emulsified oil explosives such as low density foams, constitute a kind of low density grainy emulsified explosive: to have density low because of it, and explosion velocity is low, the advantage that diameter is little, propagation of explosion is good, thereby can in a big way, adjust the wire-bound dose in big gun hole, satisfy the needs of quick-fried and other controlled blasting engineering of soft rock light.
The prescription of low density grainy emulsified explosive of the present invention comprises: general commonly used oxygenant, combustible agent, water and density adjuster and add a spot of sensitizing agent.
Oxygenant: mainly be ammonium nitrate and SODIUMNITRATE, also comprise a spot of other inorganic nitrate and perchlorate, consumption accounts for 72～84% of explosive total amount.
Combustible agent: this is and the immiscible and emulsible hydrocarbon polymer of water, and as mineral oil, various wax shape fuel are the best with the mixture of machine oil and Microcrystalline Wax, and consumption accounts for explosive total amount 3～4% and is advisable.
Emulsifying agent: based on nonionic emulsifier, and the negative ion type emulsifying agent is auxilliary, forms compound emulsifying agent, and consumption accounts for 1～2% of explosive total amount.
Sensitizing agent: various single chmical compound explosives commonly used all can be used as the sensitizing agent of this explosive, and as tritonal, hexogen, peace etc. too, consumption is about 3～5% of explosive total amount.
Density adjuster: the porousness low density material that can adopt various openings or remain silent, as urethane and polystyrene foam etc., consumption accounts for 13～15% of explosive total amount and is advisable.
Other additive: be mainly the strong tensio-active agent of hydrophilic ability.
The summation of all kinds of compositions is 100%.
Manufacture method of the present invention is: the oxygenant salt that will account for explosive composition 72～84% adds the water that accounts for explosive composition 8～12%, and heating is made into aqueous oxidizing agent solution dissolving more than 90 ℃; To account for explosive in addition and form about 3～4% combustible agent, 1～2% emulsifying agent, 0.5～1% additive Hybrid Heating to 80 ℃, be made into oil phase; Under quick stirring condition, aqueous oxidizing agent solution is added in the oil phase continuously, just become the lotion emulsifying base of pasty state through certain hour (determining) by dosage.
By last preparation density size, weigh a certain amount of low density material and emulsifying base and fully mediate, just make the low reciprocal of duty cycle emulsion explosive of FE.This is explosive of the present invention basis, according to the requirement at manufacturing process and explosion scene, is developed into the series product of three kinds.Main manufacturing process is:
With the above-mentioned low density emulsion explosive that is mixed with through 50～60 ℃ of warm air dryings, the contained moisture content of explosive is removed in evaporation, make moisture content below 0.3%, just make the FEG type low density grainy emulsified explosive of this main invention, its detonation property is divided into the detonator direct initiation again and adds booster explosive two classes of detonating.Adopt plastic conduit to dress up explosive cartridge and use, perhaps bulk explosives uses for the on-the-spot directly filling of explosion big gun hole.
2. adapt to the original processing condition of ammonium antimony powder shaped explosive charge manufactory, will directly add not emulsification oil plant, the low density material of water content, be mixed, promptly make the emulsion explosive of FEP low density grainy through fully kneading through the oxygenant salt after super-dry and the pulverizing.Except that the free-running property of medicinal powder than above-mentioned explosive poor slightly, what difference is other blast performance do not have, this kind is divided into the detonator direct initiation equally and adds booster explosive two classes of detonating.Dynamite charge uses with above-mentioned.
3. be applicable at the explosion scene, have ready conditions and carry out the kind of hybrid process that method is that the fried good process of dynamite substrate of above-mentioned emulsification is stored in the polythene film bag, uses density as required to weigh a certain amount of emulsifying base and low density material.Fully rub mixing, cream matter is evenly sticked on the low density material, can use in the blast explosive special plastic pipe of packing into.Since the viscosity of explosive, the comparatively inconvenience of filling pencil.
Low density grainy emulsified explosive its key problem in technology in triturating is as follows:
1. the prescription of low density grainy emulsified explosive provided by the present invention, the density adjuster that is adopted, preferably urethane and the polystyrene foamed plastics sold of market; The blast component that is adopted in the prescription preferably is the oil-in-water emulsify explosive matrix of main oxygenant with ammonium nitrate and SODIUMNITRATE, and this explosive matrix is divided into again and contains sensitizing agent and do not contain two types of sensitizing agent.
It is identical that the manufacture method fundamental sum of process of dynamite substrate is made the rock type emulsion explosive both at home and abroad.General manufacturing processed is: no structure oxidizer salt such as ammonium nitrate and water are added in proportion dissolve in the jar earlier, be heated to more than 90 ℃, make it to dissolve fully, emulsifier for fuel oil and a small amount of additive are added in the emulsion tank by proportioning and are heated to about 80 ℃, in stirring fast, be added in the emulsion tank continuously the saline oxide aqueous solution slowly, the high speed shear effect of these two kinds of mixed solutions by stirring, through certain hour, just form water-in-oil-type (W/O) process of dynamite substrate-sub-translucent paste, through cooling to 50～60 ℃, add the density adjuster component, fully mix, just made the low density emulsion explosive.
Urethane foam be open cell type have an elastomeric flexible material, can cut into fragment, also can be cut into the rectangular use of square.We at first adopt polyurethane foam, test, and density on demand, weigh porous plastics and process of dynamite substrate, fully rub extruding and mix, and make that process of dynamite substrate is evenly sticking to be applied on cellular fibre, have promptly made the low density emulsion explosive.With the test-results of cap sensitive by shown in the table 1.
The explosion test of table 1 polyurethane foam emulsion explosive
Find out that from result shown in the table 1 the explosive cartridge sectional area is greater than 5 centimetres
2, explosive density is at the 0.4(gram per centimeter simultaneously
3) more than, can use cap sensitive, after test found that explosive was deposited one month in addition, detonator just can not be ignited.
2. polystyrene foamed plastics is an obturator-type solid state thing, be widely used as the packaging cushion of objects such as instrument, equipment, this liner is packed used Waste recovery, grinding and processing becomes powder granulous foam powder, and density on demand weighs a certain amount of foam powder and process of dynamite substrate, uniform mixing, make that explosive matrix is sticking applies on the foam powder, made the low density emulsion explosive equally, be shown in Table 2 with the test-results of cap sensitive.
The explosion test of table 2 polystyrene foam emulsion explosive
Find out that from result shown in the table 2 explosive density is at the 0.5(gram per centimeter
3) more than, the powder stick diameter is not less than 30 millimeters, can ignite with detonator.But storage is just not quick-fried after two months, and explosive matrix has demulsifying phenomenon.
3. the polyurethane foam emulsion explosive is made shelf test, powder stick is of a size of 3 * 3 * 20 centimetres, and density is the 0.4(gram per centimeter
3) load into the plastics film powder stick, deposit 7 days after, can enough one 8
#Cap sensitive; After depositing 32 days, just can not ignite; After being stored in 164 days, 70 centimetres of powder stick total lengths, the diameter of packing into is in 40 millimeters the lime rock blowing hole, with one 8
#Detonator adds 10 gram powdery hexogen and makes booster explosive, discovery detonation fully, and rock is blown, and not seeing has not quick-fried residual medicine.Understand from this blasting phenomena, because the explosion energy that the low density foam emulsion explosive itself has is lower, when detonation sensitivity is reduced to a certain degree after storing, just can't directly ignite with detonator, but strengthening the constraint of powder stick and increasing under the condition of initiation power, just can ignite, and complete propagation of explosion.This experimental result has confirmed that equally " low velocity detonation is the academic problem that depends on explosion condition and detonation mode to explosive detonation for academia is confessed in theory
In order further to confirm ignition condition, be the 0.4(gram per centimeter with density to the low density foam emulsion explosive
3) the polyurethane foam emulsion explosive, each powder stick is of a size of 3 * 3 * 200 centimetres
3, the internal diameter of packing into is 50 millimeters, in long 2 meters the common steel tube, has strengthened the constraint of powder stick, with one 8
#Cap sensitive, steel pipe is scraped, and fragmentation flies out more than 100 meter far away.With same explosive, be of a size of 3.0 * 3.2 centimetres, long 2.8 meters film packaging powder stick, its density is the 0.41(gram per centimeter
3), deposit 40 millimeters of the diameters of packing into after 13 days, in the dark 3 meters lime rock blowing hole, with 18
#Detonator adds 10 gram powdery hexogen and ignites, and the burden of rock is 0.7 meter, blasting result, and crag is blown, and the complete propagation of explosion of explosive stays half hole vestige on earth, and wall is smooth; Also observe simultaneously and explode some fine cracks on half hole wall, illustrate that brisance is not low, the light of hardness rock is quick-fried in being applied to also suits, and certainly, the wire-bound dose in big gun hole has increased to 394(gram/rice), also be an important factor.
4. reduce the test of the powder stick sectional area and the power of ignition.The sectional area of polyurethane foam emulsion explosive powder stick is reduced to 2 * 2.4 centimetres
2, use film packaging, explosive density is the 0.44(gram per centimeter
3), the powder stick that length overall is 5 meters is during the borehole blasting of the big gun hole of the 5.7 meters dark limestone of packing into (40 millimeters of φ), with one 8
#Thunder adds 10 gram tritonal and ignites, and realizes 2.9 meters of the long 2.1 meters propagation of explosions of the powder stick of failing whole propagation of explosions, miss-firing.Incomplete quick-fried reason takes place in analysis in deep hole, because the explosive sectional area is less, use plastic film packaging, the not coupling coefficient of powder charge (blasthole diameter/powder stick diameter) increases, in the blast process, and the pressure of big gun aperture leading air-shock wave in the gap, moment has been compressed explosive cartridge, the sensitivity of explosive reduces, thus taken place to put out quick-fried, the phenomenon of propagation of explosion " pipe effect " fully that Here it is in deep hole.
5. for the condition of miss-firing of checking " pipe effect ", test on the ground.Will be through the polyurethane foam emulsion explosive of storage after 150 days, explosive density is the 0.41(gram per centimeter
3) sectional area is 3.0 * 3.2 centimetres
2Film packaging, powder stick is long 1.38 meters, powder stick is packed in the plastics tubing (2 cun of diameters) of hard, with one 8
#Thunder adds 10 gram hexogen and ignites, the result has only 90 centimetres powder stick propagation of explosion, long 48 centimetres of the powder stick that miss-fires, this test-results, compare with above-mentioned the 3rd, 4 test-results, according to the condition of testing as can be seen: the plastics tubing compressive strength is low, and constraint condition is not as steel pipe, and propagation of explosion length is just little; Powder charge not coupling coefficient is big, and propagation of explosion length reduces.
In order to solve the propagation of explosion problem in deep hole, we pack the poly-propylhomoserin foam emulsion explosive (chunky shape) of low density in the plastic conduit of 25 millimeters of internal diameters, and length is 4.5 meters, and explosive density is the 0.4(gram per centimeter
3).Pencil is put into dark 4.8 meters lime rock blowing hole (40 millimeters of φ), with 18
#Detonator adds 4 gram hexogen and ignites, blasting result, and crag is blown into bulk, and the complete propagation of explosion of explosive stays half hole vestige, and wall is smooth.
Above test-results is reached a conclusion: the low density foam emulsion explosive.
In the constraint that suitably strengthens explosive cartridge, (be convenient to load simultaneously the big gun hole again) in the plastic conduit of packing into, and strengthen under the condition of initiation power, can be in deep hole good propagation of explosion, this is first characteristics of the present invention.
6. the low density foam emulsion explosive has certain viscosity, filling powder stick operational difficulty, and we further adopt the polystyrene foam powder to test again.At first analyze the merits and demerits of water content in the oil-in-water emulsify explosive.Water can make the dissolving of oxidizer salt class, and homodisperse becomes the superfine interior phase of water droplet, and is foreign minister's continuously closely contact of combustible agent emulsification oils coating, thereby helps the propagation that detonation is reacted, and this is the advantage of water; The explosive detonation sensitivity that contains moisture content in addition is low, simultaneously, reduces explosion energy owing to water will absorb heat to evaporate in the detonation process, and this is again the shortcoming of water in explosive.We think in research: if by means of the emulsification dispersion technology of water dissolution oxygenant salt and oil in water emulsion, enabling mixed foam powder closely bonds together, then, adopt the exsiccant method that water evaporates is got rid of, the advantageous effect that had so both kept water, the unfavorable factor of having got rid of water reduction explosion energy again, so a kind of have sensitization bubble, granular, low density butt emulsion explosive (being called for short " low density grainy emulsified explosive ") are just made in processing.We find this explosive not only blast performance good, store steady quality, it is good also to have a free-running property, is easy to filling, can use the advantage in mechanize gunite filling big gun hole, we can say that this is second characteristic of this invention.
This explosive packed into, and to become diameter with paper roll be that explosive density is the 0.35(gram per centimeter in 28 millimeters the thick cartridge case (0.5～1.0 mm thick)
3), long 107 centimetres, with 18
#Cap sensitive, explosive are not quick-fried, add 4 gram hexogen if use 1 detonator instead, just can make the whole detonations of powder stick.The result of this and aforementioned table 1 table 2 relatively, detonation sensitivity decreases, analyze its reason, may be owing to glue deposited emulsion explosive on the foam through super-dry, the oxygenant salt loses moisture content and crystallization is separated out, and granularity increases, and has destroyed foreign minister's continuity, make the detonation speed of response be subjected to certain influence, the detonation sensitivity of explosive decreases.
We are again with this low density grainy butt emulsion explosive, and the internal diameter of packing into is that charge density is the 0.36(gram per centimeter in 25 millimeters the plastic conduit
3), long 2.5 meters of pencil is put into 40 millimeters of diameters, in the dark 2.63 meters lime rock blowing hole, with 18
#Detonator adds 4 gram hexogen and ignites, and propagation of explosion is complete, and rock is scraped, and stays half wall surface of the hole.
Carry out once same blasting condition again.Explosive density is the 0.35(gram per centimeter
3), be respectively charged into two big gun holes, each long 4.5 meters of pencils, 4.8 meters of big gun hole depths, two pitchs of holes are 0.94 meter, 0.8～0.9 meter of burden, after the ignition, crag is blown, and explosive is quick-fried entirely, stays half hole vestige, and wall is smooth.Prove that thus the low density grainy emulsified explosive blast performance is good, the condition of explosion is reliable.
7. we will store in Plastic film Bag through aestivate eight months low density grainy emulsified explosive totally, place microscopically and amplify 16 times of observations, the blasting explosive granules outward appearance does not change, and presents closely the evenly particulate state of lining emulsion explosive, the crystallization of can not differentiating the oxygenant salt.With pack into 25 millimeters of internal diameters of this medicine grain, and in 20 millimeters the plastic conduit, 1 meter of pipe range, explosive density are 0.35～0.45(gram per centimeter
3), with 18
#Detonator adds 4 gram hexogen and ignites, and pencil is quick-fried entirely.If charge density is reduced to the 0.23(gram per centimeter
3), same explosion condition, just not quick-fried.
Again with this grain powder, under extremely moist condition, exposed depositing 40 hours, the explosive water content increases to 5.5%, and pipe range is 1 meter in the plastic conduit of 20 millimeters of the internal diameters of packing into, density 0.47(gram per centimeter
3).With above-mentioned ignition condition, pencil is quick-fried entirely.Above-mentioned test has fully proved low density grainy emulsified explosive, stores eight months quality and stablizes, and explosive makes moist and to a certain degree still can ignite.
8. consider explosive formulation provided by the invention, can promote in an-tnt explosive factory and go into operation, no longer carry out last drying process, directly adopt through super-dry and the broken inorganic oxidizer salts such as ammonium nitrate of fine powder, cancellation water dissolution process, add emulsifying agent and fuel oils, the full and uniform powder granulous low density emulsification butt explosive that is mixed into by the proportioning weighing.The free-running property of this explosive is poorer slightly than grainy emulsified explosive, but its blast performance is basic identical.
9. the ignition of above-mentioned low density grainy emulsified explosive series product all will add ignition such as booster explosive hexogen or tritonal, can add to the difficulties to blast operations like this.We develop supporting kind again for this reason, promptly are with used booster explosive, and suitable adds in the prescription that mixes the system low density grainy emulsified explosive, and manufacturing process is identical, can be directly with 18
#Cap sensitive, its blast performance is basic identical.
In sum, in triturating, the solution of our success the major technique key issue, make low density grainy emulsified explosive provided by the present invention have following advantage and performance:
1. dynamite charge density is little: 0.3～0.5(gram per centimeter
3);
2. explosion velocity is low: 1300～1600(meter per second);
3. induced detonation: 10～40 millimeters (210 millimeters of charge tube internal diameters);
4. be no less than 4 meters at the plastic conduit propagation of explosion; According to the kind difference, can or add booster explosive with cap sensitive and ignite;
5. powder charge pipe diameter is in the time of 20～50 millimeters, and wire-bound dose is 100～980(gram/rice) regulate a wider range of hole charge, quick-fried and other controlled blasting applicable to the light of soft rock and the above rock of middle hardness;
6. shelf-stable: stored at least six months, blast performance is stable, can use having under water and the moist condition;
7. granular explosive kind, free-running property is good, and the filling powder stick is convenient, can also improve blast operations efficient with air spray mechanize filling big gun hole;
8. raw material sources are extensive, and manufacturing process is easy.The polystyrene foamed plastics that is adopted in the explosive formulation particularly, it is not only density adjuster, still the sensitizing agent of combustible agent and bubble carrier possesses multi-functional material, and can recycle the waste material of packing in a large number, obtains better economic benefit.
Embodiment
Providing following formulation examples according to the present invention, is to be convenient to understanding of the present invention, but the scope that is not limited to mention.
Embodiment 2 low density grainy emulsified explosive prescription and performances
Embodiment 3 low density powdery emulsifying explosives prescription and performance
The explanation of example 1:
The manufacture method of prescription is that ammonium nitrate, SODIUMNITRATE are added entry in dissolving pan shown in the table 1, is heated to more than 90 ℃ to make it to dissolve fully; Combustible agent oil plant, emulsifying agent and additive add in the emulsification pot and are heated to 75～85 ℃, then under quick agitation condition, the saline oxide aqueous solution is added in the emulsification pot continuously lentamente, promptly is emulsified into the emulsifying base of sub-translucent water-in-oil-type.Wait to cool to 50～60 ℃.((bubble A) is the broken fritter of polyurethane foam to sneak into foam by proportioning; (bubble B) be the polystyrene foam powder), through that rubbing kneads and make the emulsifying base foam of evenly adhering, the plastic conduit of packing into puts plastic cover, promptly makes " FE-1 " or " FE-2 " number product.Can add the adapter-booster fired charge that contains 4 gram hexogen with No. 8 detonators.This series products is little bulk or the granulous explosive with viscosity, filling pencil operational difficulty.
If possess mixed foamy processing conditions at the explosion scene, emulsifying base packed into separately to be sealed in the polyethylene plastic bag, can store 1 year.Sneak into foam during interim the use, blast performance is constant.
The explanation of example 2:
The manufacture method of prescription is identical with the method for example 1 shown in the table 2, and different is with urea and ammoniumper chlorate is added in the aqueous solution and just carries out emulsification after the dissolving.Sensitizing agent in FEG-2 number prescription is to add foam B again in joining 50～60 ℃ emulsifying base, the mixing of kneading, at last that the medicine grain is dry under 50～60 ℃ of hot blast conditions, the explosive water content is dropped to about 0.3%, stop drying, at 40 ℃ of following filling plastic conduits, put plastic cover, promptly make " FEG-1 " " FEG-2 ", " FEG-3 " number product.
This class explosive is particulate state, and free-running property is good, is convenient to load pencil; Can also directly load the big gun hole with mechanize air spray, thereby can save the expense of pencil, so, can use the vinyon bulk explosives, use for explosion.
The explanation of example 3:
The difference of the manufacture method of prescription and above-mentioned example 2 and 3 shown in the table 3 is that cancellation adds water and carries out the emulsive operation, is suitable for the equipment of using the original drying and crushing ammonium nitrate of an-tnt explosive manufactory to adopt.To knead together through ammonium nitrate, sensitizing agent, combustible agent oil plant, emulsifying agent, additive and the foam B of drying and crushing is mixed, and can load pencil, makes " FEP-1 ", " FEP-2 " number product.
This series products is to have the granular powdery emulsifying explosive of part, and free-running property is poor slightly, and the operation of filling pencil does not have the convenience of example 2, and the quality of quality product depends on the size of oxygenant and sensitizing agent granularity.
Claims (7)
1, a kind ofly contain oxygenant, combustible agent, water, emulsifying agent, density adjuster and add a small amount of sensitizing agent, be used for the explosive of aspects such as smooth blasting, it is characterized in that this dynamite charge has low density material, making dynamite charge density is 0.3～0.5 (gram per centimeter
3).
2,, it is characterized in that low density material mainly is that unit weight is 0.02～0.05(gram per centimeter according to the explosive of claim 1
3) the polymer porous plastics.
3, according to claim 1,2 explosive, it is characterized in that the low density material that loads is urethane or polystyrene.
4, a kind of explosive manufacture method that contains oxygenant, combustible agent, water, emulsifying agent, density adjuster and sensitizing agent, it is characterized in that water with addings 10～12% such as oxygenant salts, be heated to more than 90 ℃, after making salt dissolve the formation aqueous solution fully, join combustible agent lentamente, the mixing oil of emulsifying agent is identical, under quick stirring action, form the oil-in-water emulsify matrix of paste gradually, the combustion back is when 50～60 ℃ of temperature, add low density foam material and a small amount of sensitizing agent, be mixed through fully kneading and make FE type explosive.
5, according to the manufacture method of claim 4, it is characterized in that warm air drying with 50～60 ℃, remove the moisture content in the explosive, make water content below 0.3%, make the FEG low density grainy emulsified explosive.
6, a kind ofly contain the manufacture method that oxygenant, combustible agent, emulsifying agent, lacquer add agent and sensitizing agent, it is characterized in that will be through the oxygenant salt after super-dry and the pulverizing, directly add not water content emulsification oil plant, low density material, be mixed through fully mediating, make FEP type low density powder shape emulsion explosive.
7, the explosive of making according to claim 4,5 or 6 method is characterized in that explosive is packed in the plastic conduit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87103658 CN1034264A (en) | 1987-05-22 | 1987-05-22 | Low density grainy emulsified explosive |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87103658 CN1034264A (en) | 1987-05-22 | 1987-05-22 | Low density grainy emulsified explosive |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1034264A true CN1034264A (en) | 1989-07-26 |
Family
ID=4814534
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87103658 Pending CN1034264A (en) | 1987-05-22 | 1987-05-22 | Low density grainy emulsified explosive |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1034264A (en) |
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| EP1925605A1 (en) * | 2006-11-23 | 2008-05-28 | STV group A.S. | Explosive |
| CN102936027A (en) * | 2011-08-15 | 2013-02-20 | 倪欧琪 | Method for detonation synthesis of particle size controllable nano-cerium oxide |
| CN103011271A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-04-03 | 南京理工大学 | Method for synthesizing spherical nano-titanium-oxide by using detonation method in grain diameter controllable manner |
| CN103011279A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-04-03 | 南京理工大学 | Method for synthesizing spherical nano-zirconia by using detonation method in grain diameter controllable manner |
| CN103193564A (en) * | 2012-01-05 | 2013-07-10 | 薛世忠 | Preparation method of emulsion explosives with different densities, and emulsion explosives with different densities |
| CN103922874A (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2014-07-16 | 葛洲坝易普力股份有限公司 | Application of protogenetic polystyrene particle as physical sensitizing agent in mixed loading emulsion explosive, mixed loading emulsion explosive and preparation method of emulsion explosive |
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- 1987-05-22 CN CN 87103658 patent/CN1034264A/en active Pending
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| CN102936027B (en) * | 2011-08-15 | 2014-07-23 | 倪欧琪 | Method for detonation synthesis of particle size controllable nano-cerium oxide |
| CN102936027A (en) * | 2011-08-15 | 2013-02-20 | 倪欧琪 | Method for detonation synthesis of particle size controllable nano-cerium oxide |
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| CN103193564A (en) * | 2012-01-05 | 2013-07-10 | 薛世忠 | Preparation method of emulsion explosives with different densities, and emulsion explosives with different densities |
| CN103011279A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-04-03 | 南京理工大学 | Method for synthesizing spherical nano-zirconia by using detonation method in grain diameter controllable manner |
| CN103011271A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-04-03 | 南京理工大学 | Method for synthesizing spherical nano-titanium-oxide by using detonation method in grain diameter controllable manner |
| CN103011279B (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2015-07-01 | 南京理工大学 | Method for synthesizing spherical nano-zirconia by using detonation method in grain diameter controllable manner |
| CN103011271B (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2015-07-01 | 南京理工大学 | Method for synthesizing spherical nano-titanium-oxide by using detonation method in grain diameter controllable manner |
| CN103922874A (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2014-07-16 | 葛洲坝易普力股份有限公司 | Application of protogenetic polystyrene particle as physical sensitizing agent in mixed loading emulsion explosive, mixed loading emulsion explosive and preparation method of emulsion explosive |
| CN103922874B (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2015-11-25 | 葛洲坝易普力股份有限公司 | Primary granules of polystyrene is as the application and the mixed loading emulsion explosive and preparation method thereof of physical sensitization agent in the mixed loading emulsion explosive |
| CN107935796A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-04-20 | 安徽江南化工股份有限公司 | A kind of photoface exploision explosive and preparation method thereof |
| CN108002965A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-05-08 | 安徽宝泰特种材料有限公司 | A kind of low-density detonating explosive and preparation method thereof |
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