CN102942428B - High-power water gel explosive applicable to coal mine and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
High-power water gel explosive applicable to coal mine and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-power water gel explosive applicable to a coal mine. The high-power water gel explosive comprises the following substances in parts by weight: 30-45 parts of 75-86% nitric acid-methylamine water solution, 28-38 parts of powdery ammonium nitrate, 7-14 parts of sodium nitrate, 5-12 parts of efficient blast reducer, 0.1-1.5 parts of aluminium powder, 0.6-1.4 parts of sesbania powder, 1-3 parts of air bubble carriers, 0.2-0.4 part of cross-linking agent and 0.1-0.3 part of fluorizating protein. The power of the water gel explosive achieves the level of an existing second-stage water gel explosive applicable to the coal mine, and the safety meets the requirement of the existing second-stage water gel explosive applicable to the coal mine, so that the water gel explosive provided by the invention can be used for obviously improving the embrasure utilization ratio and lowering the blasting cost during high gas coal mine blasting operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of formula and making method of novel high-power water gel explosives for mine.
Background technology
In existing high methane and coal dust explosion hazard Controlled blasting technique, conventional explosives has three grades of emulsion explosive for coal mine, three grades of water gel explosives for mine, but this kind of explosive to there is brisance low, the shortcomings such as blast hole utilization factor is low.At present, in high methane rock gangway or coal roadway tunneling, widely use the low secondary emulsion explosive for coal mine of level of security or secondary water gel explosives for mine, but due to the security of this kind of explosive low, to in the tunnel digging blasting containing Gas Outburst danger, easily there is the danger of gas explosion.
For in hard above rock, the blasting rock-broken energy of existing three grades of coal-mining water gel explosives is not enough.A large amount of production practice prove, to medium hard rock, adopt three grades of water gel explosives for mine, the blast hole utilizing factor of explosion is low, stone drifting inefficiency, can not meet the needs of construction of coal mine and safe coal high-efficiency mining.Existing coal-mining water gel explosive technology be last century the seventies China introduce from external, original technology continued to use substantially by its formulation principle and manufacturing technology and equipment, never breaks through original know-why for many years.Permitted explosive for coal mine will have enough explosion energies on the one hand, has reliable gas safety performance again on the other hand, that is weak to the ignition ability of gas.From explosion energy angle, the explosion energy level of explosive and methane safety are conflicts, and both must suitably take into account.General containing anakinetomer (methylamine nitrate) in water gel explosive, easily coordinate the contradiction of explosion energy and methane safety.The approach solving water gel explosive brisance and this gordian technique of methane safety contradiction is: the consumption of methylamine nitrate and aluminium powder in adjustment water gel explosive, adopt highly efficient depressor and suitable crosslinking technological, improve the thoroughness of explosive charge chemical reaction, to reach the object improving explosion energy and ensure methane safety.
Due to the special construction of water gel explosive aqueous gel, adopt inertia marble flour (CaCO3) as the flame-cooling agent of permitted explosive for coal mine in existing three grades of water gel explosives for mine, but the chemistry resistanceization efficiency of marble flour is low, heat of desorption is divided again during explosive detonation reaction, reach corresponding level of security, just need to add more massfraction, the explosion energy thus causing explosive reduces too much.Theoretical according to the safe design of permitted explosive for coal mine, adopt efficient halogenide flame-cooling agent to replace the marble flour in existing three grades of water gel explosives for mine formula, the proportioning of other component is adjusted simultaneously, to reach on the basis ensureing water gel explosives for mine three grades of Fire behavior standards, explosion energy is made to obtain the object of larger raising.According to research, alkali-metal halogenide is the most effective chemical inhibitor of gas combustion decomposition reaction, its flame arrest mechanism and marble flour have a great difference, and it just can reach corresponding level of security when content is little compared with marble flour, and less to the explosion energy consumption of explosive.For ensureing water gel explosive workmanship, also microcapsule coated to be carried out to novel flame-cooling agent.
Summary of the invention
The present invention overcomes the low difficult problem of existing three grades of water gel explosives for mine brisances, there is provided a kind of and have gas and coal dust explosion hazard working face for underground coal mine and can the explosion of hard above rock requires in explosion and crushing high-power water gel explosives for mine, its explosive strength reaches existing secondary water gel explosives for mine level, and security can meet the requirement of existing three grades of water gel explosives for mine, also provide the manufacture method of this high-power water gel explosives for mine simultaneously.
A kind of high-power water gel explosives for mine, is made up of the material of following parts by weight:
Concentration is the nitric acid monomethylamine aqueous solution of 75 ~ 86%: 30 ~ 45;
Powdery ammonium nitrate: 28 ~ 38;
SODIUMNITRATE: 7 ~ 14;
Efficient flame-cooling agent: 5 ~ 12;
Aluminium powder: 0.1 ~ 1.5;
Sesbania powder: 0.6 ~ 1.4;
Bubble carrier: 1 ~ 3;
Linking agent: 0.2 ~ 0.4;
Fluoridize albumen: 0.1 ~ 0.3;
Wherein said efficient flame-cooling agent is counted by weight and is contained: Repone K 85 ~ 92, ammonium chloride 5 ~ 10, water resistant coating 3.0 ~ 5.0; Described water resistant coating is counted by weight and is contained: paraffin or compound wax 90 ~ 95, sodium lauryl sulphate 5 ~ 10.
High-power water gel explosives for mine of the present invention, wherein said bubble carrier is the material with micropore, preferred glass microballon or pearlstone.
High-power water gel explosives for mine of the present invention, wherein said linking agent to be concentration be 60 ~ 70% potassium permanganate or potassium bichromate or the potassium pyroantimoniate aqueous solution.
The manufacture method of high-power water gel explosives for mine of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
A. by paraffin or compound wax 90 ~ 95, sodium lauryl sulphate 5 ~ 10, in 110 ~ 120 DEG C of consolutes, water resistant coating is made;
B. after being mixed with ammonium chloride 5 ~ 10 by Repone K 85 ~ 92, more described water resistant coating 3 ~ 5 spray coated is obtained efficient flame-cooling agent on the surface of Repone K and ammonium chloride mixt;
C. SODIUMNITRATE and sesbania powder are uniformly mixed the mixture obtaining SODIUMNITRATE and sesbania powder;
D. particle dia is become to be less than the powdery ammonium nitrate of 1mm by crusher in crushing in ammonium nitrate;
E. be the mixture of the nitric acid monomethylamine aqueous solution of 75 ~ 86%, powdery ammonium nitrate, SODIUMNITRATE and sesbania powder successively by concentration, aluminium powder, efficient flame-cooling agent, bubble carrier, linking agent, fluoridize albumen and mix rear powder charge, i.e. obtained high-power water gel explosives for mine.
The albumen of fluoridizing used in the present invention refers to fluoroprotein foam extinguishing agent (MPF), and fluoroprotein foam extinguishing agent is that on the basis of protein foam extinguishing agent, add suitable fluorocarbon surfactant formulated.Product type has FP-3%, FP-6% etc., all can use.Glass microballon used in the present invention is processed from strand by borosilicate raw material, and granularity is 10-250 micron, wall thickness 1-2 micron.This product has the advantages such as light weight, low heat conduction, higher intensity, good chemical stability, and its surface has oleophyllie hydrophobic performance through special processing, is very easy to be scattered in organic materials system.
Ultimate principle of the present invention is: because of thermosteresis that the evaporation of moisture content causes when utilizing the water-content reduced in explosive to reduce explosive charge, the content increasing nitric acid Monomethylamine and aluminium powder improves the quick-fried heat of explosive to improve brisance, simultaneously, in the efficient flame-cooling agent utilizing again microcapsulary that paraffin or compound wax and surfactant-dispersed coated powdery Repone K and ammonium chloride are obtained and nitric acid monomethylamine aqueous solution, the acting in conjunction of water is to meet the security of explosive, micropore by bubble carrier improves the detonation sensitivity of explosive, the power of obtained explosive reaches the level of existing secondary water gel explosives for mine, and security meets the requirement of existing three grades of water gel explosives for mine.
The present invention has following feature:
1, select Repone K and ammonium chloride as efficient flame-cooling agent, replace traditional marble flour, on the one hand, the Chemical Inhibition of Repone K is effective, on the other hand, and adding of ammonium chloride, when explosive charge, the SODIUMNITRATE in ammonium chloride and explosive component can form ion-exchanger (NH
4cL+NaNO
3→ Na CL+NH
4nO
3), play the effect of flame arrest further, when explosive water-content reduces, the security improving explosive is played an important role.
2, by improving the content of nitric acid Monomethylamine and aluminium powder, reduce the water-content in explosive, the explosion energy of explosive is significantly improved.
3, for preventing flame-cooling agent from causing segregation to gelling system, in the present invention, water repellent agent (paraffin or compound wax) is combined with tensio-active agent (sodium lauryl sulphate) and microcapsule coated process is carried out to flame-cooling agent Repone K and ammonium chloride, stop Repone K and ammonium chloride to destroy the formation of three grades of water gel explosives for mine gelinites because of water suction, the package stability of explosive is played an important role.
In sum, the present invention is compared with existing water gel explosives for mine, and its remarkable advantage is:
1) power of explosive reaches the level of existing secondary water gel explosives for mine, and security meets the requirement of existing three grades of water gel explosives for mine, and in the operation of high methane colliery blasting, blast hole utilization factor significantly improves, and reduces blasting cost.
2) manufacture method is easy, and reliably, safety, is suitable for suitability for industrialized production.
High-power provided by the invention three grades of water gel explosives for mine are widely used in the tunnel, rock lane in colliery containing gas and coal dust explosion hazard or the blasting works in coal road road.
Embodiment
For further illustrating the present invention, illustrate with the following Examples:
Embodiment 1:
A kind of high-power water gel explosives for mine, wherein each component is counted by weight and is: the potassium dichromate aqueous solution 0.3 that concentration is 82% nitric acid monomethylamine aqueous solution 38, powdery ammonium nitrate 35, SODIUMNITRATE 8, efficient flame-cooling agent 8, aluminium powder 0.5, sesbania powder 0.9, glass microballon 2, concentration are 60%, fluoridize albumen 0.2, and wherein in efficient flame-cooling agent, each component content is Repone K 90%, ammonium chloride 5%, water resistant coating 5%; Wherein in water resistant coating, each component content is: compound wax 94%, sodium lauryl sulphate 6%.
According to above-mentioned component and content, make high-power of the present invention three grades of water gel explosives for mine with following preparation process:
A. by paraffin or compound wax, sodium lauryl sulphate, in 110 ~ 120 DEG C of consolutes, make water resistant coating, for subsequent use;
B., after Repone K being mixed 5 minutes with ammonium chloride, the coating spray coated obtained is mixed 10 minutes on the surface of Repone K and ammonium chloride mixt obtain efficient flame-cooling agent by a, for subsequent use;
C. SODIUMNITRATE and sesbania powder are uniformly mixed the mixture that 5 minutes obtain SODIUMNITRATE and sesbania powder, for subsequent use;
D. particle dia is become to be less than the powdery ammonium nitrate of 1mm by crusher in crushing in ammonium nitrate, for subsequent use;
E. be the nitric acid Monomethylamine solution of 82% when to be heated to temperature be 70 ± 5 DEG C by concentration, be incubated for subsequent use;
F. in mixing tank, turn on agitator, the mixture adding the nitric acid Monomethylamine solution obtained by e, the powdery ammonium nitrate obtained by d, the SODIUMNITRATE obtained by c and sesbania powder successively, the efficient flame-cooling agent obtained by b, and aluminium powder, glass microballon, concentration be 60% potassium dichromate aqueous solution, fluoridize albumen and mix rear powder charge, i.e. obtained high-power three grades of water gel explosives for mine.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of high-power three grades of water gel explosives for mine, wherein each component is counted by weight and is: the potassium permanganate aqueous solution 0.2 that concentration is 85% nitric acid monomethylamine aqueous solution 36, powdery ammonium nitrate 34, SODIUMNITRATE 9, efficient flame-cooling agent 9, aluminium powder 0.8, sesbania powder 0.9, glass microballon 2, concentration are 60, fluoridize albumen 0.1, and wherein in efficient flame-cooling agent, each component content is Repone K 88%, ammonium chloride 7%, water resistant coating 5%; Wherein in water resistant coating, each component content is: compound wax 92%, sodium lauryl sulphate 8%.
According to above-mentioned component and content, according to the preparation process of embodiment 1, i.e. obtained high-power three grades of water gel explosives for mine.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of high-power three grades of water gel explosives for mine, wherein each component is counted by weight and is: the potassium dichromate aqueous solution 0.2 that concentration is 81% nitric acid monomethylamine aqueous solution 40, powdery ammonium nitrate 34, SODIUMNITRATE 9, efficient flame-cooling agent 8, aluminium powder 0.9, sesbania powder 0.9, pearlstone 2, concentration are 60%, fluoridize albumen 0.1, and wherein in efficient flame-cooling agent, each component content is Repone K 91%, ammonium chloride 6%, water resistant coating 3%; Wherein in water resistant coating, each component content is: compound wax 94%, sodium lauryl sulphate 6%.
According to above-mentioned component and content, according to the preparation process of embodiment 1, i.e. obtained high-power three grades of water gel explosives for mine.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of high-power three grades of water gel explosives for mine, wherein each component is counted by weight and is: the potassium dichromate aqueous solution 0.2 that concentration is 80% nitric acid monomethylamine aqueous solution 40, powdery ammonium nitrate 35, SODIUMNITRATE 9, efficient flame-cooling agent 8, aluminium powder 0.9, sesbania powder 0.9, glass microballon 2, concentration are 60%, fluoridize albumen 0.1, and wherein in efficient flame-cooling agent, each component content is Repone K 91%, ammonium chloride 6%, water resistant coating 3%; Wherein in water resistant coating, each component content is: compound wax 94%, sodium lauryl sulphate 6%.
According to above-mentioned component and content, according to the preparation process of embodiment 1, i.e. obtained high-power three grades of water gel explosives for mine.
Embodiment 5:
A kind of high-power three grades of water gel explosives for mine, wherein each component is counted by weight and is: the potassium dichromate aqueous solution 0.3 that concentration is 85% nitric acid monomethylamine aqueous solution 34, powdery ammonium nitrate 35, SODIUMNITRATE 8, efficient flame-cooling agent 7, aluminium powder 0.5, sesbania powder 0.8, pearlstone 3, concentration are 60%, fluoridize albumen 0.2, and wherein in efficient flame-cooling agent, each component content is Repone K 85%, ammonium chloride 10%, water resistant coating 5%; Wherein in water resistant coating, each component content is: compound wax 92%, sodium lauryl sulphate 8%.
According to above-mentioned component and content, according to the preparation process of embodiment 1, i.e. obtained high-power three grades of water gel explosives for mine.
Embodiment 6:
A kind of high-power three grades of water gel explosives for mine, wherein each component is counted by weight and is: the potassium permanganate aqueous solution 0.2 that concentration is 84% nitric acid monomethylamine aqueous solution 39, powdery ammonium nitrate 33, SODIUMNITRATE 9, efficient flame-cooling agent 8, aluminium powder 0.8, sesbania powder 0.9, glass microballon 2, concentration are 66%, fluoridize albumen 0.1, and wherein in efficient flame-cooling agent, each component content is Repone K 88%, ammonium chloride 8%, water resistant coating 4%; Wherein in water resistant coating, each component content is: macromolecule resin 95%, sodium lauryl sulphate 5%.
According to above-mentioned component and content, according to the preparation process of embodiment 1, i.e. obtained high-power three grades of water gel explosives for mine.
Test example:
In order to detect gas safety and the explosive strength of high-power water gel explosives for mine of the present invention, conveniently explosive detection method detects above-described embodiment 1-6, and detected result sees the following form:
Table 1
Note: comparative example described in table 1 is that in prior art, marble flour is three grades of permitted explosive for coal mine of flame-cooling agent.
As can be seen from Table 1, water gel explosive of the present invention with three grades of coal-mining water gel explosives compared with, gas safety is all qualified, and brisance is significantly improved.
Above-described embodiment is only be described the preferred embodiment of the present invention; not scope of the present invention is limited; under not departing from the present invention and designing the prerequisite of spirit; the various distortion that the common engineering technical personnel in this area make technical scheme of the present invention and improvement, all should fall in protection domain that claims of the present invention determine.
Claims (5)
1. a high-power water gel explosives for mine, is characterized in that: be made up of the material of following parts by weight:
Concentration is the nitric acid monomethylamine aqueous solution of 75 ~ 86%: 30 ~ 45;
Powdery ammonium nitrate: 28 ~ 38;
SODIUMNITRATE: 7 ~ 14;
Efficient flame-cooling agent: 5 ~ 12;
Aluminium powder: 0.1 ~ 1.5;
Sesbania powder: 0.6 ~ 1.4;
Bubble carrier: 1 ~ 3;
Linking agent: 0.2 ~ 0.4;
Fluoridize albumen: 0.1 ~ 0.3;
Wherein said efficient flame-cooling agent is counted by weight and is contained: Repone K 85 ~ 92, ammonium chloride 5 ~ 10, water resistant coating 3.0 ~ 5.0; Described water resistant coating is counted by weight and is contained: paraffin or compound wax 90 ~ 95, sodium lauryl sulphate 5 ~ 10.
2. the high-power water gel explosives for mine according to claim l, is characterized in that: described bubble carrier is glass microballon or pearlstone.
3. high-power water gel explosives for mine according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described linking agent to be concentration be 60 ~ 70% potassium permanganate or potassium bichromate or the potassium pyroantimoniate aqueous solution.
4. a method for the high-power water gel explosives for mine described in any one of manufacturing claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
A. by paraffin or compound wax 90 ~ 95, sodium lauryl sulphate 5 ~ 10, in 110 ~ 120 DEG C of consolutes, water resistant coating is made;
B. after being mixed with ammonium chloride 5 ~ 10 by Repone K 85 ~ 92, more described water resistant coating 3 ~ 5 spray coated is obtained efficient flame-cooling agent on the surface of Repone K and ammonium chloride mixt;
C. SODIUMNITRATE and sesbania powder are uniformly mixed the mixture obtaining SODIUMNITRATE and sesbania powder;
D. particle dia is become to be less than the powdery ammonium nitrate of 1mm by crusher in crushing in ammonium nitrate;
E. be the mixture of the nitric acid monomethylamine aqueous solution of 75 ~ 86%, powdery ammonium nitrate, SODIUMNITRATE and sesbania powder successively by concentration, aluminium powder, efficient flame-cooling agent, bubble carrier, linking agent, fluoridize albumen and mix rear powder charge, i.e. obtained high-power water gel explosives for mine.
5. the application in the blasting works in the rock drift of the high-power water gel explosives for mine described in any one of claims 1 to 3 in the colliery containing gas and coal dust explosion hazard or coal road road.
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| CN103319290A (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2013-09-25 | 安徽理工大学爆破工程与器材研究所 | Low-temperature-resistant high-power coalmine-permitted water-gel explosive and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104628497A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-05-20 | 安徽雷鸣科化股份有限公司 | High-power class-3 coal mine permissible water-gel explosive and production method thereof |
| CN104987272A (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-10-21 | 安徽雷鸣科化股份有限公司 | High detonation speed seismic explosive column and making method thereof |
| CN106495973B (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2019-05-28 | 安徽雷鸣科化有限责任公司 | A kind of aqueous gels |
| CN107098785A (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2017-08-29 | 安徽雷鸣科化股份有限公司 | A kind of special aqueous gels of psychro-environment and preparation method thereof |
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| US5928576A (en) * | 1994-10-11 | 1999-07-27 | Dantex Explosives (Proprietary) Limited | Cap-sensitive watergel explosive composition production process |
| CN1884231A (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2006-12-27 | 安徽理工大学 | Water gel explosive with low detonation velocity for mining and method for producing same |
| CN102432409A (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2012-05-02 | 安徽雷鸣科化股份有限公司 | High-density high-explosion-speed water gel explosive seismic charge and preparation method thereof |
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| US4976793A (en) * | 1990-06-12 | 1990-12-11 | Dantex Explosives (Proprietary) Limited | Explosive composition |
| US5928576A (en) * | 1994-10-11 | 1999-07-27 | Dantex Explosives (Proprietary) Limited | Cap-sensitive watergel explosive composition production process |
| CN1884231A (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2006-12-27 | 安徽理工大学 | Water gel explosive with low detonation velocity for mining and method for producing same |
| CN102432409A (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2012-05-02 | 安徽雷鸣科化股份有限公司 | High-density high-explosion-speed water gel explosive seismic charge and preparation method thereof |
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