CN113880674A - Water-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive - Google Patents
Water-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive Download PDFInfo
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- CN113880674A CN113880674A CN202010626015.4A CN202010626015A CN113880674A CN 113880674 A CN113880674 A CN 113880674A CN 202010626015 A CN202010626015 A CN 202010626015A CN 113880674 A CN113880674 A CN 113880674A
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- emulsion explosive
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- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium acetate Chemical compound N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000005695 Ammonium acetate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229940043376 ammonium acetate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000019257 ammonium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- VBIXEXWLHSRNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium oxalate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O VBIXEXWLHSRNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- ZWYAVGUHWPLBGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(6-methylheptyl) decanedioate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCCCC(C)C ZWYAVGUHWPLBGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- YWYZEGXAUVWDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N triammonium citrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O YWYZEGXAUVWDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 29
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 22
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- -1 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- AXZAYXJCENRGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-J dipotassium;tetrabromoplatinum(2-) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Pt+2] AXZAYXJCENRGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001487 potassium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- CFSHFBHKOKGZLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol;oxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1CCC(=O)O1.OCCN(CCO)CCO CFSHFBHKOKGZLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- PQUCIEFHOVEZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diammonium sulfite Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S([O-])=O PQUCIEFHOVEZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ARIWANIATODDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lauric acid monoglyceride Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO ARIWANIATODDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- UYJXRRSPUVSSMN-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium sulfide Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[S-2] UYJXRRSPUVSSMN-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009775 high-speed stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- YWFWDNVOPHGWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyldodecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C YWFWDNVOPHGWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940083466 soybean lecithin Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- KKEOZWYTZSNYLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-O triazanium;nitrate;sulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KKEOZWYTZSNYLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940099259 vaseline Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000028571 Occupational disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004200 deflagration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012796 inorganic flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
- C06B31/28—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
- C06B31/30—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with vegetable matter; with resin; with rubber
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0008—Compounding the ingredient
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
- C06B21/0066—Shaping the mixture by granulation, e.g. flaking
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a water-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive which is prepared by mixing a component A and a component B according to the mass ratio of (A: B =10: 3); the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: inorganic oxidant salt: 50-56 parts of ammonium nitrate: 60-66 parts of ammonium sulfate: 42-45 parts of ammonium acetate: 10-14 parts of ammonium oxalate: 3-8 parts of ammonium citrate: 13-19 parts of a composite oil phase: 20-25 parts, sodium stearate: 9-13 parts of an ionic liquid flame retardant: 5-7 parts; the component B comprises the following components in parts by mass: urea: 2-6 parts, acetic acid: 10-14 parts of toluene diisocyanate: 5-8 parts of diisooctyl sebacate: 2-5 parts of thiourea: 20-24 parts of an emulsifier: 30-35 parts of a sensitizer: 6-9 parts of light diesel oil: 1-4 parts of animal and vegetable oil: 2-4 parts of a composite additive: 4-7 parts of water: 20-24 parts of expanded perlite: 2-5 parts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of explosive preparation, in particular to a water-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive.
Background
Along with the development of the modern process of China, the demand on resources is increased sharply, large-scale surface mining makes great contribution to the development of the industry of China, and some mines are not suitable for the surface mining requirements more and more due to the annual increase of the surface mining depth. In order to exploit and utilize non-renewable mineral resources to the maximum extent and solve the major problems of sustainable development and stable production scale of mines, mine enterprises adopting underground mining mode for production are gradually increased. The mining technology is divided into two modes of open-pit mining and underground mining, the part close to the ground and buried shallowly adopts open-pit mining, the deep part adopts underground mining, wherein the mining of the mine by using the ammonium nitrate for coal mine is one of the modes which are convenient to operate and quick in effect at present, in the prior art, the ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive refers to a powdery or granular explosive mixture consisting of ammonium nitrate and fuel, is mainly suitable for blasting engineering without the danger of methane and mine dust explosion, and occupational diseases and the like caused by serious deflagration, water resistance, danger in the production process and toxicity of TNT are listed as rejected varieties.
The emulsion explosive is prepared by an emulsion technology, and droplets of an oxidant salt aqueous solution are uniformly dispersed in an oil phase continuous medium containing porous substances such as dispersed bubbles or hollow glass microspheres and the like to form the water-in-oil type emulsified water-containing industrial explosive. The emulsion explosive has excellent blasting performance and water resistance, is nontoxic and pollution-free in the production process, has better safety in the processes of transportation, storage and use, is convenient to fill and pump in field construction due to the characteristic of fluid state, and becomes a key development product in the civil blasting equipment industry in China. At present, with the popularity of emulsion explosives, most of domestic emulsion explosive manufacturers adopt a high-temperature sensitization technology, the high-temperature sensitization technology brings high capacity and high efficiency, simultaneously produces a large amount of waste emulsion explosive and matrix, can not effectively ensure the safety performance and strength of the explosives, frequently causes safety accidents, and brings great difficulty to mining in mines.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a water-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive aiming at the defects in the prior art, which improves the safety of the explosive, improves the working efficiency, is safe and stable, and is efficient and energy-saving.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a water-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive is prepared by mixing a component A and a component B according to the mass ratio of A to B =10 to 3;
the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: inorganic oxidant salt: 50-56 parts of ammonium nitrate: 60-66 parts of ammonium sulfate: 42-45 parts of ammonium acetate: 10-14 parts of ammonium oxalate: 3-8 parts of ammonium citrate: 13-19 parts of a composite oil phase: 20-25 parts, sodium stearate: 9-13 parts of an ionic liquid flame retardant: 5-7 parts;
the component B comprises the following components in parts by mass: urea: 2-6 parts, acetic acid: 10-14 parts of toluene diisocyanate: 5-8 parts of diisooctyl sebacate: 2-5 parts of thiourea: 20-24 parts of an emulsifier: 30-35 parts of a sensitizer: 6-9 parts of light diesel oil: 1-4 parts of animal and vegetable oil: 2-4 parts of a composite additive: 4-7 parts of water: 20-24 parts of expanded perlite: 2-5 parts.
The technical scheme of the invention is further defined as follows:
the composite oil phase of the water-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: base oil MVI: 20-26 parts, base oil HVI: 10-15 parts of potassium perchlorate: 3-9 parts of paraffin: 3-5 parts of vaseline: 16-19 parts of soybean lecithin: 1-4 parts of N-dodecyl dimethylamine: 3-7 parts of lauric acid monoglyceride: 8-10 parts.
In the water-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive, the ionic liquid flame retardant is imidazole ionic liquid, and the imidazole ionic liquid is one of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate, 1-methyl-3- (3,4, 5-trialkoxybenzyl) imidazole tetrafluoroborate or 1-butyl-3- (4-sulfobutyl) benzimidazole dihydrogen phosphate; the emulsifier is polyisobutylene succinic anhydride-triethanolamine emulsifier; the sensitizer is a mixture of MgH 2 and resin microspheres, and the weight ratio of the sensitizer to the resin microspheres is MgH 2: resin microspheres 3: 2.
The water-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive comprises the following inorganic oxidant salt in parts by weight: ammonium bicarbonate: 2-6 parts of ammonium sulfide: 4-6 parts, ammonium sulfonate: 1-5 parts of ammonium sulfate nitrate: 4-9 parts of potassium perchlorate: 4-10 parts.
The composite additive of the water-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive is a mixture of sodium chloride, potassium chloride and ammonium chloride, and the weight ratio of the sodium chloride to the potassium chloride is as follows: potassium chloride: ammonium chloride is 1:1.5: 4.
The water-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive is prepared by mixing a component A and a component B according to the mass ratio of A to B =10 to 3;
the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: inorganic oxidant salt: 50 parts of ammonium nitrate: 60 parts of ammonium sulfate: 42 parts, ammonium acetate: 10 parts, ammonium oxalate: 3 parts, ammonium citrate: 13 parts of composite oil phase: 20 parts, sodium stearate: 9 parts of an ionic liquid flame retardant: 5 parts of a mixture;
the component B comprises the following components in parts by mass: urea: 2 parts, acetic acid: 10 parts of toluene diisocyanate: 5 parts, diisooctyl sebacate: 2 parts, thiourea: 20 parts of an emulsifier: 30 parts, sensitizer: 6 parts of light diesel oil: 1 part of animal and vegetable oil: 2 parts of a composite additive: 4 parts, water: 20 parts of expanded perlite: and 2 parts.
The water-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive is prepared by mixing a component A and a component B according to the mass ratio of A to B =10 to 3;
the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: inorganic oxidant salt: 56 parts, ammonium nitrate: 66 parts, ammonium sulfate: 45 parts, ammonium acetate: 14 parts, ammonium oxalate: 8 parts, ammonium citrate: 19 parts of a composite oil phase: 25 parts, sodium stearate: 13 parts of ionic liquid flame retardant: 7 parts;
the component B comprises the following components in parts by mass: urea: 6 parts, acetic acid: 14 parts of toluene diisocyanate: 8 parts, diisooctyl sebacate: 5 parts, thiourea: 24 parts, emulsifier: 35 parts, sensitizer: 9 parts of light diesel oil: 4 parts of animal and vegetable oil: 4 parts of a composite additive: 7 parts of water: 24 parts of expanded perlite: 5 parts of the raw materials.
The water-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive is prepared by mixing a component A and a component B according to the mass ratio of A to B =10 to 3;
the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: inorganic oxidant salt: 53 parts, ammonium nitrate: 64 parts, ammonium sulfate: 43 parts, ammonium acetate: 12 parts, ammonium oxalate: 5 parts, ammonium citrate: 16 parts of a composite oil phase: 23 parts, sodium stearate: 11 parts of ionic liquid flame retardant: 6 parts of (1);
the component B comprises the following components in parts by mass: urea: 4 parts, acetic acid: 12 parts of toluene diisocyanate: 6 parts of diisooctyl sebacate: 3 parts, thiourea: 23 parts, emulsifier: 32 parts, sensitizer: 8 parts of light diesel oil: 2 parts of animal and vegetable oil: 3 parts of a composite additive: 6 parts of water: 22 parts of expanded perlite: and 3 parts.
The preparation method of the water-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive comprises the following steps:
adding inorganic oxidant salt, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium acetate and ammonium oxalate into water, heating and uniformly stirring in a dissolving tank at the stirring speed of 880-900r/min, heating to 90-110 ℃, stopping the machine, cooling to 15-25 ℃, slowly adding ammonium citrate and light diesel oil, continuously stirring for 5-10min, and filtering the solvent obtained after stirring by a filtering device for later use;
putting the composite oil phase, sodium stearate and the ionic liquid flame retardant into a melting tank, heating to 120 ℃ by steam, adding urea, acetic acid, toluene diisocyanate, diisooctyl sebacate, thiourea, an emulsifier and a sensitizer, uniformly stirring, stopping the machine, keeping the temperature for 3-6min to prepare a combustible solution, and filtering the combustible solution by a filter device for later use;
thirdly, sending the filtered combustible solution into an emulsifier, starting the emulsifier after the flow is stable, adding the solvent prepared in the step one, and preparing the emulsion explosive substrate by taking the combustible solution as an external phase and the oxidant solution as an internal phase under the high-speed stirring of the emulsifier;
adding animal and vegetable oil, compound additive, water and expanded perlite into the prepared emulsion explosive matrix, continuously stirring at the temperature of 95-100 ℃ for 20-25min, and cooling to room temperature;
fifthly, setting the vacuum speed to be-0.07 MPa, starting a vacuum system and keeping for 30 min;
and (VI) discharging, sieving, granulating and drying to obtain the product.
The preparation method of the water-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive comprises the following technical indexes: detonation velocity/(m/s)-1): 3800 + 3900, gap distance/cm: not less than: 5.5, manganese/mm: not less than 11, work capacity/mL: 230 or more, and the toxic gas content/(L/Kg): less than or equal to 50.
According to the technical scheme of the invention: the ionic liquid flame retardant is added, so that the defects caused by an inorganic flame retardant are overcome essentially, compared with the traditional emulsion explosive, the applicability is strong, the pollution is small, the cost is low, the safety performance is excellent, the strength is high, the detonation capability is stable, the preparation process of the ultralow-density colloidal emulsion explosive is simple, water is used as a solvent in the process, the production cost is reduced, the environment is protected, the sensitizer is added, the stability of the emulsion explosive and the working efficiency of workers are improved, the efficiency is high, the energy is saved, and the time and the labor are saved; the explosive reduces the toxic and harmful gas generated by the explosion of underground bulk emulsion explosive, and the content of the toxic and harmful gas is less than or equal to 50; all indexes reach or are superior to the national emulsion explosive standard, the underground explosive charging automation operation is realized, the labor intensity is reduced, and the cost of the explosive required by underground blasting is reduced.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The embodiment provides a water-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive which is prepared by mixing a first component and a second component in a mass ratio of A to B =10 to 3; the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: inorganic oxidant salt: 50 parts of ammonium nitrate: 60 parts of ammonium sulfate: 42 parts, ammonium acetate: 10 parts, ammonium oxalate: 3 parts, ammonium citrate: 13 parts of composite oil phase: 20 parts, sodium stearate: 9 parts of an ionic liquid flame retardant: 5 parts of a mixture; the component B comprises the following components in parts by mass: urea: 2 parts, acetic acid: 10 parts of toluene diisocyanate: 5 parts, diisooctyl sebacate: 2 parts, thiourea: 20 parts of an emulsifier: 30 parts, sensitizer: 6 parts of light diesel oil: 1 part of animal and vegetable oil: 2 parts of a composite additive: 4 parts, water: 20 parts of expanded perlite: 2 parts of (1);
the composite oil phase is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: base oil MVI: 20 parts, base oil HVI: 10 parts of potassium perchlorate: 3 parts, paraffin: 3 parts of vaseline: 16 parts, soybean lecithin: 1 part of N-dodecyl dimethylamine: 3 parts, lauric acid monoglyceride: 8 parts of a mixture; the ionic liquid flame retardant is imidazole ionic liquid, and the imidazole ionic liquid is one of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate, 1-methyl-3- (3,4, 5-trialkoxybenzyl) imidazole tetrafluoroborate or 1-butyl-3- (4-sulfobutyl) benzimidazole dihydrogen phosphate; the emulsifier is polyisobutylene succinic anhydride-triethanolamine emulsifier; the sensitizer is a mixture of MgH 2 and resin microspheres, and the weight ratio of the sensitizer to the resin microspheres is MgH 2: resin microspheres of 3: 2; the inorganic oxidant salt comprises the following components in parts by weight: ammonium bicarbonate: 2 parts of ammonium sulfide: 4 parts, ammonium sulfonate: 1 part, ammonium sulfate nitrate: 4 parts, potassium perchlorate: 4 parts of a mixture; the composite additive is a mixture of sodium chloride, potassium chloride and ammonium chloride, and the weight ratio of the composite additive is as follows: potassium chloride: ammonium chloride 1:1.5: 4;
the preparation method of the water-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive comprises the following steps:
adding inorganic oxidant salt, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium acetate and ammonium oxalate into water, heating and uniformly stirring in a dissolving tank at the stirring speed of 880r/min, heating to 90 ℃, stopping the machine, cooling to 15 ℃, slowly adding ammonium citrate and light diesel oil, continuously stirring for 5min, and filtering the prepared solvent after stirring by a filtering device for later use;
putting the composite oil phase, sodium stearate and the ionic liquid flame inhibitor into a melting tank, heating to 100 ℃ by steam, adding urea, acetic acid, toluene diisocyanate, diisooctyl sebacate, thiourea, an emulsifier and a sensitizer, uniformly stirring, stopping the machine, keeping the temperature for 3min to prepare a combustible solution, and filtering the combustible solution by a filter device for later use;
thirdly, sending the filtered combustible solution into an emulsifier, starting the emulsifier after the flow is stable, adding the solvent prepared in the step one, and preparing the emulsion explosive substrate by taking the combustible solution as an external phase and the oxidant solution as an internal phase under the high-speed stirring of the emulsifier;
adding animal and vegetable oil, compound additive, water and expanded perlite into the prepared emulsion explosive matrix, continuously stirring at the temperature of 95 ℃ for 20min, and cooling to room temperature;
fifthly, setting the vacuum speed to be-0.07 MPa, starting a vacuum system and keeping for 30 min;
(VI) discharging, sieving, granulating and drying to obtain the material;
the technical indexes of the prepared ultralow water resistance colloidal emulsion explosive are as follows: detonation velocity/(m/s)-1): 3800 + 3900, gap distance/cm: not less than: 5.5, manganese/mm: not less than 11, work capacity/mL: 230 or more, and the toxic gas content/(L/Kg): less than or equal to 50.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a water-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive which is prepared by mixing a first component and a second component in a mass ratio of A to B =10 to 3;
the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: inorganic oxidant salt: 56 parts, ammonium nitrate: 66 parts, ammonium sulfate: 45 parts, ammonium acetate: 14 parts, ammonium oxalate: 8 parts, ammonium citrate: 19 parts of a composite oil phase: 25 parts, sodium stearate: 13 parts of ionic liquid flame retardant: 7 parts;
the component B comprises the following components in parts by mass: urea: 6 parts, acetic acid: 14 parts of toluene diisocyanate: 8 parts, diisooctyl sebacate: 5 parts, thiourea: 24 parts, emulsifier: 35 parts, sensitizer: 9 parts of light diesel oil: 4 parts of animal and vegetable oil: 4 parts of a composite additive: 7 parts of water: 24 parts of expanded perlite: 5 parts of a mixture;
the composite oil phase is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: base oil MVI: 26 parts, base oil HVI: 15 parts of potassium perchlorate: 9 parts, paraffin: 5 parts, vaseline: 19 parts, soybean lecithin: 4 parts of N-dodecyl dimethylamine: 7 parts, lauric acid monoglyceride: 10 parts of (A); the ionic liquid flame retardant is imidazole ionic liquid, and the imidazole ionic liquid is one of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate, 1-methyl-3- (3,4, 5-trialkoxybenzyl) imidazole tetrafluoroborate or 1-butyl-3- (4-sulfobutyl) benzimidazole dihydrogen phosphate; the emulsifier is polyisobutylene succinic anhydride-triethanolamine emulsifier; the sensitizer is a mixture of MgH 2 and resin microspheres, and the weight ratio of the sensitizer to the resin microspheres is MgH 2: resin microspheres of 3: 2; the inorganic oxidant salt comprises the following components in parts by weight: ammonium bicarbonate: 6 parts of ammonium sulfide: 6 parts, ammonium sulfonate: 5 parts of ammonium sulfate nitrate: 9 parts of potassium perchlorate: 10 parts of (A); the composite additive is a mixture of sodium chloride, potassium chloride and ammonium chloride, and the weight ratio of the composite additive is as follows: potassium chloride: ammonium chloride 1:1.5: 4;
the preparation method of the water-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive comprises the following steps:
adding inorganic oxidant salt, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium acetate and ammonium oxalate into water, heating and uniformly stirring in a dissolving tank at the stirring speed of 900r/min, heating to 110 ℃, stopping the machine, cooling to 25 ℃, slowly adding ammonium citrate and light diesel oil, continuously stirring for 10min, and filtering the prepared solvent after stirring by a filtering device for later use;
putting the composite oil phase, sodium stearate and the ionic liquid flame inhibitor into a melting tank, heating to 120 ℃ by steam, adding urea, acetic acid, toluene diisocyanate, diisooctyl sebacate, thiourea, an emulsifier and a sensitizer, uniformly stirring, stopping the machine, keeping the temperature for 6min to prepare a combustible solution, and filtering the combustible solution by a filter device for later use;
thirdly, sending the filtered combustible solution into an emulsifier, starting the emulsifier after the flow is stable, adding the solvent prepared in the step one, and preparing the emulsion explosive substrate by taking the combustible solution as an external phase and the oxidant solution as an internal phase under the high-speed stirring of the emulsifier;
adding animal and vegetable oil, compound additive, water and expanded perlite into the prepared emulsion explosive matrix, continuously stirring at 100 ℃ for 25min, and cooling to room temperature;
fifthly, setting the vacuum speed to be-0.07 MPa, starting a vacuum system and keeping for 30 min;
(VI) discharging, sieving, granulating and drying to obtain the material;
the technical indexes of the prepared ultralow water resistance colloidal emulsion explosive are as follows: detonation velocity/(m/s)-1): 3800 + 3900, gap distance/cm: not less than: 5.5, manganese/mm: not less than 11, work capacity/mL: 230 or more, and the toxic gas content/(L/Kg): less than or equal to 50.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a water-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive which is prepared by mixing a first component and a second component in a mass ratio of A to B =10 to 3; the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: inorganic oxidant salt: 53 parts, ammonium nitrate: 64 parts, ammonium sulfate: 43 parts, ammonium acetate: 12 parts, ammonium oxalate: 5 parts, ammonium citrate: 16 parts of a composite oil phase: 23 parts, sodium stearate: 11 parts of ionic liquid flame retardant: 6 parts of (1); the component B comprises the following components in parts by mass: urea: 4 parts, acetic acid: 12 parts of toluene diisocyanate: 6 parts of diisooctyl sebacate: 3 parts, thiourea: 23 parts, emulsifier: 32 parts, sensitizer: 8 parts of light diesel oil: 2 parts of animal and vegetable oil: 3 parts of a composite additive: 6 parts of water: 22 parts of expanded perlite: 3 parts of a mixture;
the composite oil phase is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: base oil MVI: 24 parts, base oil HVI: 13 parts, potassium perchlorate: 6 parts, paraffin: 4 parts, vaseline: 17 parts, soybean lecithin: 3 parts of N-dodecyl dimethylamine: 4 parts, lauric acid monoglyceride: 9 parts of (1); the ionic liquid flame retardant is imidazole ionic liquid, and the imidazole ionic liquid is one of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate, 1-methyl-3- (3,4, 5-trialkoxybenzyl) imidazole tetrafluoroborate or 1-butyl-3- (4-sulfobutyl) benzimidazole dihydrogen phosphate; the emulsifier is polyisobutylene succinic anhydride-triethanolamine emulsifier; the sensitizer is a mixture of MgH 2 and resin microspheres, and the weight ratio of the sensitizer to the resin microspheres is MgH 2: resin microspheres of 3: 2; the inorganic oxidant salt comprises the following components in parts by weight: ammonium bicarbonate: 4 parts of ammonium sulfide: 5 parts, ammonium sulfonate: 4 parts, ammonium sulfate nitrate: 6 parts of potassium perchlorate: 6 parts of (1); the composite additive is a mixture of sodium chloride, potassium chloride and ammonium chloride, and the weight ratio of the composite additive is as follows: potassium chloride: ammonium chloride 1:1.5: 4;
the preparation method of the water-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive comprises the following steps:
adding inorganic oxidant salt, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium acetate and ammonium oxalate into water, heating and uniformly stirring in a dissolving tank at the stirring speed of 890r/min, heating to 100 ℃, stopping the machine, cooling to 20 ℃, slowly adding ammonium citrate and light diesel oil, continuously stirring for 8min, and filtering the prepared solvent after stirring by a filtering device for later use;
putting the composite oil phase, sodium stearate and the ionic liquid flame inhibitor into a melting tank, heating to 110 ℃ by steam, adding urea, acetic acid, toluene diisocyanate, diisooctyl sebacate, thiourea, an emulsifier and a sensitizer, uniformly stirring, stopping the machine, keeping the temperature for 5min to prepare a combustible solution, and filtering the combustible solution by a filter device for later use;
thirdly, sending the filtered combustible solution into an emulsifier, starting the emulsifier after the flow is stable, adding the solvent prepared in the step one, and preparing the emulsion explosive substrate by taking the combustible solution as an external phase and the oxidant solution as an internal phase under the high-speed stirring of the emulsifier;
adding animal and vegetable oil, compound additive, water and expanded perlite into the prepared emulsion explosive matrix, continuously stirring at the temperature of 98 ℃ for 23min, and cooling to room temperature;
fifthly, setting the vacuum speed to be-0.07 MPa, starting a vacuum system and keeping for 30 min;
(VI) discharging, sieving, granulating and drying to obtain the material;
the technical indexes of the prepared ultralow water resistance colloidal emulsion explosive are as follows: detonation velocity/(m/s)-1): 3800 + 3900, gap distance/cm: not less than: 5.5, manganese/mm: not less than 11, work capacity/mL: 230 or more, and the toxic gas content/(L/Kg): less than or equal to 50.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A water-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive is characterized in that: the explosive is formed by mixing a component A and a component B according to the mass ratio of A to B =10 to 3;
the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: inorganic oxidant salt: 50-56 parts of ammonium nitrate: 60-66 parts of ammonium sulfate: 42-45 parts of ammonium acetate: 10-14 parts of ammonium oxalate: 3-8 parts of ammonium citrate: 13-19 parts of a composite oil phase: 20-25 parts, sodium stearate: 9-13 parts of an ionic liquid flame retardant: 5-7 parts;
the component B comprises the following components in parts by mass: urea: 2-6 parts, acetic acid: 10-14 parts of toluene diisocyanate: 5-8 parts of diisooctyl sebacate: 2-5 parts of thiourea: 20-24 parts of an emulsifier: 30-35 parts of a sensitizer: 6-9 parts of light diesel oil: 1-4 parts of animal and vegetable oil: 2-4 parts of a composite additive: 4-7 parts of water: 20-24 parts of expanded perlite: 2-5 parts.
2. The water resistant cementitious emulsion explosive of claim 1, wherein: the composite oil phase is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: base oil MVI: 20-26 parts, base oil HVI: 10-15 parts of potassium perchlorate: 3-9 parts of paraffin: 3-5 parts of vaseline: 16-19 parts of soybean lecithin: 1-4 parts of N-dodecyl dimethylamine: 3-7 parts of lauric acid monoglyceride: 8-10 parts.
3. The water resistant cementitious emulsion explosive of claim 1, wherein: the ionic liquid flame retardant is imidazole ionic liquid, and the imidazole ionic liquid is one of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate, 1-methyl-3- (3,4, 5-trialkoxy benzyl) imidazole tetrafluoroborate or 1-butyl-3- (4-sulfo butyl) benzimidazole dihydrogen phosphate; the emulsifier is polyisobutylene succinic anhydride-triethanolamine emulsifier; the sensitizer is a mixture of MgH 2 and resin microspheres, and the weight ratio of the sensitizer to the resin microspheres is MgH 2: resin microspheres 3: 2.
4. The water resistant cementitious emulsion explosive of claim 1, wherein: the inorganic oxidant salt comprises the following components in parts by weight: ammonium bicarbonate: 2-6 parts of ammonium sulfide: 4-6 parts, ammonium sulfonate: 1-5 parts of ammonium sulfate nitrate: 4-9 parts of potassium perchlorate: 4-10 parts.
5. The water resistant cementitious emulsion explosive of claim 1, wherein: the composite additive is a mixture of sodium chloride, potassium chloride and ammonium chloride, and the weight ratio of the composite additive to the sodium chloride is as follows: potassium chloride: ammonium chloride is 1:1.5: 4.
6. The water resistant cementitious emulsion explosive of claim 1, wherein: the explosive is formed by mixing a component A and a component B according to the mass ratio of A to B =10 to 3;
the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: inorganic oxidant salt: 50 parts of ammonium nitrate: 60 parts of ammonium sulfate: 42 parts, ammonium acetate: 10 parts, ammonium oxalate: 3 parts, ammonium citrate: 13 parts of composite oil phase: 20 parts, sodium stearate: 9 parts of an ionic liquid flame retardant: 5 parts of a mixture;
the component B comprises the following components in parts by mass: urea: 2 parts, acetic acid: 10 parts of toluene diisocyanate: 5 parts, diisooctyl sebacate: 2 parts, thiourea: 20 parts of an emulsifier: 30 parts, sensitizer: 6 parts of light diesel oil: 1 part of animal and vegetable oil: 2 parts of a composite additive: 4 parts, water: 20 parts of expanded perlite: and 2 parts.
7. The water resistant cementitious emulsion explosive of claim 1, wherein: the explosive is formed by mixing a component A and a component B according to the mass ratio of A to B =10 to 3;
the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: inorganic oxidant salt: 56 parts, ammonium nitrate: 66 parts, ammonium sulfate: 45 parts, ammonium acetate: 14 parts, ammonium oxalate: 8 parts, ammonium citrate: 19 parts of a composite oil phase: 25 parts, sodium stearate: 13 parts of ionic liquid flame retardant: 7 parts;
the component B comprises the following components in parts by mass: urea: 6 parts, acetic acid: 14 parts of toluene diisocyanate: 8 parts, diisooctyl sebacate: 5 parts, thiourea: 24 parts, emulsifier: 35 parts, sensitizer: 9 parts of light diesel oil: 4 parts of animal and vegetable oil: 4 parts of a composite additive: 7 parts of water: 24 parts of expanded perlite: 5 parts of the raw materials.
8. The water resistant cementitious emulsion explosive of claim 1, wherein: the explosive is formed by mixing a component A and a component B according to the mass ratio of A to B =10 to 3;
the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: inorganic oxidant salt: 53 parts, ammonium nitrate: 64 parts, ammonium sulfate: 43 parts, ammonium acetate: 12 parts, ammonium oxalate: 5 parts, ammonium citrate: 16 parts of a composite oil phase: 23 parts, sodium stearate: 11 parts of ionic liquid flame retardant: 6 parts of (1);
the component B comprises the following components in parts by mass: urea: 4 parts, acetic acid: 12 parts of toluene diisocyanate: 6 parts of diisooctyl sebacate: 3 parts, thiourea: 23 parts, emulsifier: 32 parts, sensitizer: 8 parts of light diesel oil: 2 parts of animal and vegetable oil: 3 parts of a composite additive: 6 parts of water: 22 parts of expanded perlite: and 3 parts.
9. A method for preparing a water resistant colloidal emulsion explosive provided with the water resistant colloidal emulsion explosive of any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
adding inorganic oxidant salt, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium acetate and ammonium oxalate into water, heating and uniformly stirring in a dissolving tank at the stirring speed of 880-900r/min, heating to 90-110 ℃, stopping the machine, cooling to 15-25 ℃, slowly adding ammonium citrate and light diesel oil, continuously stirring for 5-10min, and filtering the solvent obtained after stirring by a filtering device for later use;
putting the composite oil phase, sodium stearate and the ionic liquid flame retardant into a melting tank, heating to 120 ℃ by steam, adding urea, acetic acid, toluene diisocyanate, diisooctyl sebacate, thiourea, an emulsifier and a sensitizer, uniformly stirring, stopping the machine, keeping the temperature for 3-6min to prepare a combustible solution, and filtering the combustible solution by a filter device for later use;
thirdly, sending the filtered combustible solution into an emulsifier, starting the emulsifier after the flow is stable, adding the solvent prepared in the step one, and preparing the emulsion explosive substrate by taking the combustible solution as an external phase and the oxidant solution as an internal phase under the high-speed stirring of the emulsifier;
adding animal and vegetable oil, compound additive, water and expanded perlite into the prepared emulsion explosive matrix, continuously stirring at the temperature of 95-100 ℃ for 20-25min, and cooling to room temperature;
fifthly, setting the vacuum speed to be-0.07 MPa, starting a vacuum system and keeping for 30 min;
and (VI) discharging, sieving, granulating and drying to obtain the product.
10. The preparation method of the water-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive according to claim 9, wherein the technical indexes of the prepared ultralow water-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive are as follows: detonation velocity/(m/s)-1): 3800 + 3900, gap distance/cm: not less than: 5.5, manganese/mm: not less than 11, work capacity/mL: 230 or more, and the toxic gas content/(L/Kg): less than or equal to 50.
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