CN1833122A - 差速器总成的小齿轮支撑 - Google Patents

差速器总成的小齿轮支撑 Download PDF

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CN1833122A
CN1833122A CNA2004800227734A CN200480022773A CN1833122A CN 1833122 A CN1833122 A CN 1833122A CN A2004800227734 A CNA2004800227734 A CN A2004800227734A CN 200480022773 A CN200480022773 A CN 200480022773A CN 1833122 A CN1833122 A CN 1833122A
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J·F·齐西
L·文斯特鲁普
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Dana Inc
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/54—Systems consisting of a plurality of bearings with rolling friction
    • F16C19/56—Systems consisting of a plurality of bearings with rolling friction in which the rolling bodies of one bearing differ in diameter from those of another
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/54—Systems consisting of a plurality of bearings with rolling friction
    • F16C19/546—Systems with spaced apart rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing
    • F16C19/547—Systems with spaced apart rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing with two angular contact rolling bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/04—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C35/06—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
    • F16C35/067—Fixing them in a housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/06—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/06—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H48/08—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion comprising bevel gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/037—Gearboxes for accommodating differential gearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/36—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with a single row of rollers
    • F16C19/364—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with a single row of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2361/00—Apparatus or articles in engineering in general
    • F16C2361/61—Toothed gear systems, e.g. support of pinion shafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/38—Constructional details
    • F16H48/42—Constructional details characterised by features of the input shafts, e.g. mounting of drive gears thereon
    • F16H2048/423—Constructional details characterised by features of the input shafts, e.g. mounting of drive gears thereon characterised by bearing arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/38—Constructional details
    • F16H48/42—Constructional details characterised by features of the input shafts, e.g. mounting of drive gears thereon
    • F16H2048/423—Constructional details characterised by features of the input shafts, e.g. mounting of drive gears thereon characterised by bearing arrangement
    • F16H2048/426—Constructional details characterised by features of the input shafts, e.g. mounting of drive gears thereon characterised by bearing arrangement characterised by spigot bearing arrangement, e.g. bearing for supporting the free end of the drive shaft pinion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/38—Constructional details
    • F16H48/40—Constructional details characterised by features of the rotating cases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/38—Constructional details
    • F16H48/42—Constructional details characterised by features of the input shafts, e.g. mounting of drive gears thereon
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/021—Shaft support structures, e.g. partition walls, bearing eyes, casing walls or covers with bearings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/19—Gearing
    • Y10T74/19023—Plural power paths to and/or from gearing
    • Y10T74/19074—Single drive plural driven

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  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
  • Motor Power Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种差速器总成(10)包括连接到主动轴(13)上用于驱动小齿轮齿顶(14)的轭(12)。该差速器总成(10)还包括内侧和外侧小齿轮轴承组件(16，18)、可分离的固定板(20)，和由壳体(22)限定用于容纳小齿轮组件(15)的腔室。外侧小齿轮轴承组件(10)被整体安装到壳体(22)中，而内侧小齿轮轴承组件(16)被固定到可分离的安装板(20)上。小齿轮齿顶(14)被跨装在内侧和外侧小齿轮轴承组件(16，18)之间。

Description

差速器总成的小齿轮支撑
技术领域
[0001]本发明涉及用于差速器总成的一种改进的小齿轮支撑，并且特别涉及一种用于跨装单主动轴的小齿轮支撑。
背景技术
[0002]差速器应用于许多现代车辆的驱动线路中。典型地，差速器接收旋转输入并驱动沿相反方向延伸的两根轴。差速器允许两根轴以彼此不同的速度旋转。
发明内容
[0003]本发明涉及一种差速器总成，其包括连接在主动轴上用于驱动小齿轮齿顶的轭。差速器总成还包括内侧和外侧小齿轮轴承组件、可分离的安装板和由壳体限定用于容纳小齿轮组件的腔室。外侧小齿轮轴承组件被整体安装到壳体中，而内侧小齿轮轴承组件被固定到安装板上。小齿轮齿顶被跨装在内侧和外侧小齿轮轴承组件之间。
附图说明
[0004]现在将参照附图以举例的方式对本发明进行描述，其中：
[0005]图1为装配在车辆中的根据本发明的差速器总成的立体视图。
[0006]图2为根据本发明实施例的差速器总成的剖视图。
[0007]图3为根据本发明另一实施例的差速器总成的剖视图。
具体实施方式
[0008]参考图1，所显示的差速器总成10被装配在车辆11中。关注图2，其图示出了根据本发明的差速器总成10。差速器总成10包括连接在主动轴13上用于驱动小齿轮齿顶14的轭12。差速器总成10还包括小齿轮组件15。小齿轮组件15包括齿牙14a、内侧和外侧小齿轮轴承组件16、18以及轴13。小齿轮组件15被容纳在由壳体22限定的腔室21内；壳体22被固定以防止其转动。小齿轮组件15的内侧小齿轮轴承组件16被固定到可分离的安装板20上。
[0009]小齿轮齿顶14跨装在内侧和外侧轴承组件16、18之间以实现最佳支撑。小齿轮齿顶14被直接安装到主动轴13上并且两侧被两个轴向间隔布置的小齿轮轴承组件16、18所支撑。内侧小齿轮轴承组件16支撑主动轴13位于壳体22内部的部分。外侧小齿轮轴承组件18支撑主动轴13的通常与车辆主动轴相关联的部分。通过使小齿轮齿顶14被最佳支撑，将小齿轮齿顶14跨装在内侧和外侧小齿轮轴承组件16、18之间减少了传统差速器总成中的轴承组件数目。此外，在不需要额外油道的情况下对内侧和外侧小齿轮轴承组件16、18进行润滑，从而减少了差速器总成10的复杂性。
[0010]每个内侧和外侧小齿轮轴承组件16、18还分别包括内座圈24、26，外座圈28、30和轴承32、34。轴承32、34被设置在内座圈28、30和外座圈32、34之间。内侧小齿轮轴承组件16的内座圈24抵接小齿轮齿顶14的齿牙14a的表面36。外侧小齿轮轴承组件18的内座圈26抵接小齿轮齿顶14的齿牙14a的表面38。内侧小齿轮轴承组件16的外座圈28被安装在可分离的安装板20上，而外侧小齿轮轴承组件18的外座圈30被整体安装到壳体22上。
[0011]通过将外侧小齿轮轴承组件18的外座圈30直接安装到壳体22上，使外侧小齿轮轴承组件18比传统差速器总成提供了支撑小齿轮齿顶14用的刚性更大的结构。另外，通过对与外座圈30相抵接的壳体22进行加工，可以容易地将小齿轮齿顶14的装配距离加工到公差标准。因此，不需要使用垫片或垫片组就可以将外侧小齿轮轴承组件18装配到差速器总成10中，从而与传统差速器总成相比重量减轻、成本降低。
[0012]此外，将外侧小齿轮轴承组件18直接安装到壳体22上消除了对传统差速器总成中的小齿轮轴承罩或外部调整装置的需要。典型地，轴承罩产生了使油从壳体22中泄漏的额外通路。因此，通过取消对轴承罩的需要，使油泄漏流出的额外路径也就不存在了。
[0013]此外，轴承罩的去除减少了轭的伸出尺寸H。减小的轭伸出尺寸H减少了差速器总成10在车辆11内所需空间的大小。另外，对于短轴距车辆驱动线路角(未显示)和级联轮轴内轴驱动线路角(未显示)来说，减小的轭伸出尺寸H具有显著的优点。
[0014]通过举例而非限制的方式，图2和3图示出外侧小齿轮轴承组件18大于内侧小齿轮轴承组件16。通常，外侧小齿轮轴承组件基本上承受位于差速器总成中的小齿轮齿顶的负荷。因此，外侧小齿轮轴承组件通常大于内侧小齿轮轴承组件。然而，应当认识到，内侧和外侧小齿轮轴承组件16、18可以具有大致相等的尺寸。另外，轴承32、34可以如图1中所示为对称形状或者在一端成锥形。
[0015]内侧小齿轮轴承组件16被安装在可分离的安装板20上。图2和3图示出了实施例，其中安装板20可以通过一系列的螺栓42被安装到壳体22上或从其上拆下。应当理解，本发明可以使用任何数量的螺栓将可分离的安装板20固定到壳体22上。图1显示了一种设定用于内侧和外侧小齿轮轴承组件16和18的小齿轮组件15的轴承预加载荷的方法。然而，本发明不局限于使用螺栓将可分离的安装板20固定到外壳22上。例如，可以通过粘合剂或通过搭扣结构将安装板20固定到壳体22上。为了设定内侧和外侧小齿轮轴承组件16和18的预加载荷，可以将垫片组43放置在内侧小齿轮轴承组件16的安装板20的下面。
[0016]可以从壳体22的后部40将小齿轮组件15放置到腔室21中。目前，小齿轮组件通过由尺寸D限定的开口被容纳在壳体22的腔室21中。因此，尺寸D必须足够宽以容纳小齿轮组件15最宽的部分。然而，由于小齿轮组件15从壳体22的后部40进行装配，从而可以减小尺寸D。就可以获得更为紧凑的壳体22。此外，由于开口尺寸D的减小，提高了壳体22的结构整体性。另外，消除了对可分离的盖子或轴承架的需要，也随之消除了相关的附加成本和潜在的漏油可能。
[0017]图3显示了本发明的另一个实施例。差速器总成10′基本上包括了图1的差速器总成10的特征。然而，内侧小齿轮轴承组件16的外座圈28具有螺纹杯44。内侧小齿轮轴承组件16的外座圈28可以被旋至期望的位置以将内侧和外侧小齿轮轴承组件16和18预加载。因此，螺纹杯44消除了使用垫片组43以对内侧和外侧小齿轮轴承组件16和18进行预加载的需要。
[0018]此外，内侧小齿轮轴承组件16可以包括锁紧环46和支柱48。锁紧环可以被铆接到螺纹杯44上并且被连接到支柱上以防止一旦预载荷被设定好后，螺纹杯44发生旋转。然而应当指出，本发明不局限于利用锁紧环和支柱来防止螺纹杯旋转。通过举例而非限制的方式，可以在螺纹杯44上涂粘合剂以防止一旦形成预载荷后的旋转。
[0019]尽管已经结合某些特定的实施例对本发明进行了描述，应当理解这只是举例而非限制，并且附加的权利要求的范围应当被理解为在现有技术允许的范围内尽量宽泛。

Claims (18)

1.一种差速器总成，包括：
连接到主动轴上用于驱动小齿轮齿顶的轭；
内侧和外侧小齿轮轴承组件；
可分离的安装板，该安装板被固定到内侧小齿轮轴承组件上；
由壳体限定的用于容纳小齿轮组件的腔室；
其中，外侧小齿轮轴承组件被整体安装在壳体内，其中内侧小齿轮轴承组件包括调整机构；并且其中小齿轮组件跨装在内侧和外侧小齿轮轴承组件之间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的差速器总成，其特征在于，内侧小齿轮轴承组件的安装板通过至少一个螺栓被固定到壳体上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的差速器总成，其特征在于，所述内侧和外侧小齿轮轴承组件均进一步包括内座圈、外座圈和设置在内外座圈之间的轴承。
4.根据权利要求1所述的差速器总成，其特征在于，调整机构包括螺纹杯。
5.根据权利要求1所述的差速器总成，其特征在于，调整机构包括至少一个垫片组，并且其中安装板可以通过设置在安装板下面的所述至少一个垫片组被垫上垫片。
6.根据权利要求1所述的差速器总成，其特征在于，用于小齿轮齿顶的装配距离可以通过对壳体加工而形成。
7.一种差速器总成，包括：
内侧和外侧小齿轮轴承组件；
可分离的安装板，该可分离的安装板被固定到内侧小齿轮轴承组件上；
由壳体限定的用于容纳小齿轮组件的腔室；
其中，外侧小齿轮轴承组件被整体安装在壳体内；其中内侧小齿轮轴承组件还包括螺纹杯；并且其中小齿轮组件跨装在内侧和外侧小齿轮轴承组件之间。
8.根据权利要求7所述的差速器总成，其特征在于，螺纹杯可以被旋至期望位置以对内侧和外侧小齿轮轴承组件进行预加载。
9.根据权利要求7的差速器总成，其特征在于，内侧小齿轮轴承组件还包括锁紧环和支柱，其中锁紧环被固定到支柱上以防止螺纹杯的转动。
10.根据权利要求7所述的差速器总成，其特征在于，内侧小齿轮轴承组件的安装板通过至少一个螺栓被固定到壳体上。
11.根据权利要求7所述的差速器总成，其特征在于，所述每个内侧和外侧小齿轮轴承组件均进一步包括内座圈、外座圈和设置在内外座圈之间的轴承。
12.根据权利要求7所述的差速器总成，其特征在于，安装板可以通过至少一个设置在安装板下面的垫片组而被垫上垫片。
13.根据权利要求7所述的差速器总成，其特征在于，用于小齿轮齿顶的装配距离可以通过对壳体加工而形成。
14.一种差速器总成，包括：
具有第一开口和第二开口的承载壳；
在所述第一开口处整体安装在所述承载壳内的外侧小齿轮轴承组件；
位于所述第二开口处的内侧小齿轮轴承组件；
安装在所述外侧小齿轮轴承和所述内侧小齿轮轴承之间的小齿轮组件；
其中，所述内侧小齿轮轴承被固定到位于所述承载壳的第二开口处的可拆卸支撑板上；并且其中所述小齿轮组件通过所述第二开口被安装。
15.如权利要求14所述的差速器总成，其特征在于，内侧小齿轮轴承组件的可拆卸的安装板通过至少一个螺栓被被固定到所述壳体上。
16.如权利要求14所述的差速器总成，其特征在于，所述每个内侧和外侧小齿轮轴承组件均进一步包括内座圈、外座圈和设置在内外座圈之间的轴承。
17.如权利要求14所述的差速器总成，其特征在于，可拆卸的支撑板可以通过设置在可拆卸的支撑板下面的至少一个垫片组而被垫上垫片。
18.如权利要求14所述的差速器总成，其特征在于，小齿轮齿顶的装配距离可以通过在第一开口处对承载壳加工而形成。
CNA2004800227734A 2003-08-08 2004-07-31 差速器总成的小齿轮支撑 Pending CN1833122A (zh)

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CN104334900A (zh) * 2012-05-28 2015-02-04 斯堪尼亚商用车有限公司 用于机动车辆的从动车轴传动装置
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US20060254383A1 (en) 2006-11-16
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WO2005017389A1 (en) 2005-02-24
BRPI0413264A (pt) 2006-10-10
EP1654478B1 (en) 2007-10-24
DE602004009695D1 (de) 2007-12-06
DE602004009695T2 (de) 2008-04-30
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EP1654478A1 (en) 2006-05-10
CA2533930A1 (en) 2005-02-24

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