CN1800505A - Method for proceeding ecological alteration to river concrete bank slope - Google Patents
Method for proceeding ecological alteration to river concrete bank slope Download PDFInfo
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- CN1800505A CN1800505A CN 200610032680 CN200610032680A CN1800505A CN 1800505 A CN1800505 A CN 1800505A CN 200610032680 CN200610032680 CN 200610032680 CN 200610032680 A CN200610032680 A CN 200610032680A CN 1800505 A CN1800505 A CN 1800505A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for processing ecological modifying on the river concrete, which uses PVC short pipe as outer mould to be filled porous concrete; planting plant seeds after alkali reduction and filling vital stuffing; when the plants are 5-10cm high, moving the prefabricated elements into the round holes with relative sizes on the concrete bank; the holes has been smoothed and filled vital material; then filling the space between PVC pipe and concrete wall with sand pulp, to be compressed; and finishing the plants on the bank. The invention has simple device, lower cost and the application for ecological modifying of river concrete bank, while the modified bank has stable structure, anti-brush, and better economic and environment benefits.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hydraulic engineering, environment and restoration of the ecosystem engineering field, be specifically related to a kind of method of the river concrete levee slope being carried out environmental transformation.
Background technology
General nature meandering complications, shore water vegetation coverage height, so discharge capacity a little less than.Be flood control and disaster reduction, people have carried out concrete and stone-laying to the city river levee slope and transformation such as have built by laying bricks or stones, the present situation in Here it is nowadays most of domestic city river course.This hard structure, cut off exchange and circulation between the interior soil body of bank protection and water body, stoped the aqueous vapor circulation of river course and riverside vegetation, reduced the self-purification capacity of river, not only make many terrestrial plants lose living space, some aquatic animals have been lost dwell and give birth to and the shelter.Therefore, denounced by people in recent years always.
Since the last century the nineties, many in the world developed countries are in the transformation of carrying out the river back to nature.Japan has proposed hydrophilic notion, and promotes " many natural types rivers and creeks worker's method " in the whole nation, and only in 1991, just there are 600 many places experimental projects in the whole nation.In the 9th five-year plan of harnessing the river that Japan's construction is economized, the 5700km river is adopted " many natural types rivers and creeks worker's method ", wherein 2300km is the plant embankment, and 1400km is the natural river levee of stone and timber bank protection.2000km haves no alternative but still use concrete, all presses " many natural types rivers and creeks worker's method " and transforms, mulching soil, and plantation vegetation.Rhine 1993 and nineteen ninety-five twice big flood, main cause is because Rhine river basin ecological is destroyed, Rhenish concrete embankment has limited water due to the embankment infiltration along the river.Therefore, Germany changes Rhine concrete embankment into environmental river levee now, recovers two sides, river water storage humid zone again, and the measure of " cutting out straight the change bends " is implemented in tributary in the basin, prolongs flood in the time of staying in tributary, lowers main stem flood peak amount.
Undoubtedly, the naturalization degree of city river is high more, and the ecological environment comprehensive function can be strong more.Environmental embankment should have several basic characteristics: the one, and Stability Analysis of Structures; The 2nd, possess certain ecological environment function, promptly should satisfy permeable and vegetation covers requirement, and be beneficial to aquatic animal and perch; The 3rd, material is easy to get, and it is low to make up construction cost and regular maintenance expense.In traditional embankment being carried out the environmental process of transforming, two kinds of thinkings and basic mode are arranged: a kind of " many natural types rivers and creeks worker's method " with Japan is representative, adopts nature materials such as plant, stone and timber to transform not exclusively completely more; Another kind of mode is exactly as Switzerland, and construction again after transformed section is all pushed over makes the river course return to natural situation.
" many natural types rivers and creeks worker's method " requires the slope slow, and occupation of land is big and expense is high; The improvement cost of Switzerland's formula is higher, comprises that Japanese many economic powers all go back difficulty at present and accomplish.In China, the other building dense of city river, population concentration, the construction of city river embankment is costly often, governments at all levels have dropped into a large amount of human and material resources on dyke buildings such as concrete, stone-laying, and large tracts of land is implemented Switzerland, Japannish transformation obviously is unpractical in present stage.Therefore present situation " three light " embankment is reformed and taped the latent power, it is significant that the ecology of exploitation present situation embankment is transformed practical technique.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of the river concrete levee slope being carried out environmental transformation, by being embedded, original levee slope plants living concrete prefabricated member (a kind of concrete for plant growth prefabricated component), guaranteeing Stability Analysis of Structures and satisfying under the prerequisite of flood passage function, make the river concrete levee slope satisfy permeable and the vegetation recovery requirement, and possess the river water quality stabilization function, present situation concrete " three light " embankment is transformed into the method for environmental embankment.
Of the present invention a kind of the river concrete levee slope is carried out the environmental method of transforming is to realize by following technical proposals, comprises the following steps:
(1) is length standard with the concrete thickness of waiting to transform the river concrete levee slope, PVC leader or the PVC gutter of DN100～DN300 cut into the PVC short tube;
(2) be external mold cast porous concrete with the PVC short tube, porous concrete thickness is than the little 4～6cm of concrete levee slope thickness, after the concrete curing 15～20 days, earlier through the tap water spray, spray with 10～15% oxalic acid solutions then and reduce porous concrete basicity, refill suitable green material, earthing behind the sowing straw or like vegetable seed, water seasoning is treated to be behind seed germination, plant strain growth to the 5～10cm and is planted living concrete prefabricated member (containing the pvc pipe external mold), plants living concrete prefabricated member portable to levee slope;
(3) look the porous concrete size, waiting to transform on river concrete levee slope domatic by 3～6/m
2Density is dug out circular or rotund hole, and diameter is than the big 3～5cm of pvc pipe external diameter, than the dark 3～5cm of pvc pipe height;
(4) inclined-plane, smooth hole bottom, the suitable green material of laying thick 3～5cm will be planted living concrete prefabricated member and be implanted the hole center, and it is concordant with whole concrete slope to adjust the pvc pipe orifice plane with the suitable green material thickness in bottom;
(5) space between M10～M15 filled with mortar pvc pipe and concrete wall is floating with mortar after the tamping; Repair the plant on the levee slope in good time.
Described suitable green material comprises pond sludge, dewatered sludge, peat soil, wood chip, water-loss reducer polyacrylamide and slow-release fertilizer (lawn controlled release fertilizer, down with), pond sludge: dewatered sludge: peat soil: wood chip: polyacrylamide: slow-release fertilizer is by weight 200～300: 300～400: 350～400: 15～20: 2～3: 0.3～0.5 water furnishing pasty state that mixes and stirs and add suitable green material gross weight 20～30%.
Described straw or like vegetable seed comprises a kind of, two or more grass seed mix among weeping love grass, Bermuda grass, paspalum notatum or the Bai Sanye.The suitable green material in bottom comprises pond sludge and peat soil, mixes and stirs by weight 2: 1.
Action principle of the present invention is:
Ecotype transformation to present situation concrete embankment is to be covered as target with water permeability and domatic certain vegetation of improving levee slope, and levee slope is permeable to be for guaranteeing the communication of river course water and river levee both sides and underground water, reach flood detention and mend withered purpose, guaranteeing that water circulation is achieved; Plant then as the primary producer of river course aquatic ecosystem, plays a decisive role to its restoration and reconstruction.The present invention plants living concrete prefabricated member by present situation concrete levee slope is embedded, and utilizes its distinctive water permeable ability, and the water circulation function is achieved; According to the embedding position characteristics in the river course levee slope, select dissimilar anti-flooding or drought enduring plant, play purifying water, providing effects such as habitat, toy and microbial carrier and beautification of landscape for amphibian animal.
The present invention compares with prior art, has following advantage and beneficial effect:
The present invention supports whole bank structure to transform the skeleton of the former concrete in back as the embankment bank slope, has guaranteed the structural stability of original levee slope; When the early growth period root system of plant is still flourishing inadequately, its revetment effect is responsible to has in the living concrete prefabricated member of planting of certain early strength porous concrete and realizes, plant living concrete prefabricated member and penetrate soil along with root system of plant penetrates, interweave and the consolidation of root are strengthened, and can further improve the stability of levee slope; It is cranky to plant living concrete prefabricated member inner pore, and root system of plant is extended with along this hole and is beneficial to the mutual set that agrees with, and plant self obtains the anti-elutriation ability of antiscour preferably; Plant the internal void structure of living concrete prefabricated member, add the fixed of the suitable green material of filling and root system of plant, constructed a good loaded filter, can prevent that soil is eluriated the back in the dike runs off; Plant the early growth period of living concrete prefabricated member implants, rely on suitable green material that nutrition is provided, penetrate concrete at root system of plant and penetrate in the dike behind the soil, can directly therefrom absorb water and nutrient, reduce dependence, extensive management suitable green material.The invention process is easy; Cheap, improved levee slope has that structure firmly, anti-is washed away, the advantage of extensive management, can obtain good economy, environmental benefit.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is done further concrete description, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
Former city river concrete levee slope is C20 concreting, average thick about 15cm, and the gradient 1: 2 came into operation before 3 years.PVC leader with DN160 intercepts 20 of long 15cm short tubes, makes external mold cast porous concrete with the PVC leader of DN160: between aggregate size 20～25mm, use 42.5 Portland cements, water/binder ratio 0.3 (weight ratio, down together), cement-aggregate ratio 1: 8, thickness 9cm.After the normal temperature maintenance 15 days, earlier through the tap water spray, spray with 10% oxalic acid solution then and reduce porous concrete basicity, to pH10, refill pond sludge, dewatered sludge, peat soil, wood chip, water-loss reducer polyacrylamide, slow-release fertilizer (lawn controlled release fertilizer, fragrant plant field, Shenzhen ecological engineering limited company produces) by weight 210: 380: 390: mix and stir and add the pastel that the water of the suitable heavy total amount 20% of green material reconciles at 20: 3: 0.5, mulching soil behind the surface sowing weeping love grass seed, outward by the coconut palm net in case the topsoil leaching loss.Water seasoning is seed germination after 5 days, is behind plant height 5～10cm after 30 days to plant living concrete prefabricated member (containing the pvc pipe external mold), can transplant then, and the rear section root system of plant had penetrated concrete in 45 days.Dig out the hole of Φ 190mm circle with pneumatic pick on former levee slope low water stage position, about degree of depth 18cm, each hole adopts quincuncial arrangement, 6/m of density
2Inclined-plane, smooth hole bottom is laid by pond sludge, peat soil by weight the bed course of forming at 2: 1, about thick 3cm.To plant living concrete prefabricated member and implant the hole center, it is concordant with whole concrete surface to adjust the pvc pipe mouth of pipe.With space between M15 filled with mortar pvc pipe and concrete wall, after the tamping that mortar is floating.Repair the plant on the levee slope in good time.After 5 months, part is domatic can be covered by paspalum notatum entirely in construction, does not see the concrete vestige.
Embodiment 2
Former city river concrete levee slope is C20 concreting, average thick about 15cm, and the gradient 1: 3 came into operation before 3 years.PVC gutter with DN200 intercepts 30 of long 15cm short tubes, makes external mold cast porous concrete with the PVC gutter of DN200: between aggregate size 20～25mm, use 42.5 Portland cements, water/binder ratio 0.3 (weight ratio, down together), cement-aggregate ratio 1: 8, thickness 9cm.After the normal temperature maintenance 15 days, earlier through the tap water spray, spray with 10% oxalic acid solution then and reduce porous concrete basicity, to pH10, refill pond sludge, dewatered sludge, peat soil, wood chip, water-loss reducer polyacrylamide, slow-release fertilizer (lawn controlled release fertilizer, fragrant plant field, Shenzhen ecological engineering limited company produces) by weight 300: 300: 400: mix and stir and add the pastel that the water of suitable green material gross weight 25% reconciles at 15: 2: 0.4, surface sowing Bermuda grass and paspalum notatum grass seed mix, mulching soil again.Water seasoning is seed germination after 5～10 days, and seedling grows to be behind 5～10cm and plants living concrete prefabricated member (containing the pvc pipe external mold) after 30 days, can transplant then, and the rear section root system of plant had penetrated concrete in 45 days.Dig out the hole of Φ 230mm circle with pneumatic pick on former levee slope high water level position, about degree of depth 19cm, each hole adopts quincuncial arrangement, 4/m of density
2Inclined-plane, smooth hole bottom, lay 4cm about thick by pond sludge, peat soil by weight the bed course of forming at 2: 1, will plant living concrete prefabricated member and implant the hole center, the adjustment pvc pipe mouth of pipe is concordant with whole concrete surface.With space between M10 filled with mortar pvc pipe and concrete wall, after the tamping that mortar is floating.Repair the plant on the levee slope in good time.After 6 months, the whole domatic concrete vestige of not seeing.
Embodiment 3
Former city river concrete levee slope is C20 concreting, average thick about 15cm, and the gradient 1: 2.5 came into operation before 3 years.PVC leader with DN100 intercepts 20 of long 15cm short tubes, makes external mold cast porous concrete with the PVC leader of DN100: between aggregate size 20～25mm, use 42.5 Portland cements, water/binder ratio 0.3 (weight ratio, down together), cement-aggregate ratio 1: 8, thickness 9cm.After the normal temperature maintenance 18 days, earlier through the tap water spray, spray with 12% oxalic acid solution then and reduce porous concrete basicity, to pH10, refill pond sludge, dewatered sludge, peat soil, wood chip, water-loss reducer polyacrylamide, slow-release fertilizer (lawn controlled release fertilizer, fragrant plant field, Shenzhen ecological engineering limited company produces) by weight 280: 320: 390: mix and stir and add the pastel that the water of suitable green material gross weight 22% reconciles at 20: 3: 0.5, mulching soil behind surface sowing Bermuda grass and the white three leaf seeds, outward by the coconut palm net in case the topsoil leaching loss.Water seasoning is seed germination after 5 days, is behind plant height 5～10cm after 30 days to plant living concrete prefabricated member (containing the pvc pipe external mold), can transplant then, and the rear section root system of plant had penetrated concrete in 45 days.Dig out the hole of Φ 140mm circle with pneumatic pick on former levee slope low water stage position, about degree of depth 18cm, each hole adopts quincuncial arrangement, 6/m of density
2Inclined-plane, smooth hole bottom is laid by pond sludge, peat soil by weight the bed course of forming at 2: 1, about thick 3cm.To plant living concrete prefabricated member and implant the hole center, it is concordant with whole concrete surface to adjust the pvc pipe mouth of pipe.With space between M12.5 filled with mortar pvc pipe and concrete wall, after the tamping that mortar is floating.Repair the plant on the levee slope in good time.After 5 months, part is domatic can be covered by the lawn entirely in construction, does not see the concrete vestige.
Embodiment 4
Former city river concrete levee slope is C20 concreting, average thick about 15cm, and the gradient 1: 2.5 came into operation before 3 years.PVC gutter with DN300 intercepts 30 of long 15cm short tubes, makes external mold cast porous concrete with the PVC gutter of DN300: between aggregate size 20～25mm, use 42.5 Portland cements, water/binder ratio 0.3 (weight ratio, down together), cement-aggregate ratio 1: 8, thickness 10cm.After the normal temperature maintenance 15 days, earlier through the tap water spray, spray with 10% oxalic acid solution then and reduce porous concrete basicity, to pH10, refill pond sludge, dewatered sludge, peat soil, wood chip, water-loss reducer polyacrylamide, slow-release fertilizer (lawn controlled release fertilizer, fragrant plant field, Shenzhen ecological engineering limited company produces) by weight 250: 350: 370: mix and stir and add the pastel that the water of suitable green material gross weight 28% reconciles at 20: 2: 0.5, surface sowing Bermuda grass, Bai Sanye, weeping love grass grass seed mix, mulching soil again.Water seasoning is seed germination after 5～10 days, and seedling grows to be behind 5～10cm and plants living concrete prefabricated member (containing the pvc pipe external mold) after 30 days, can transplant then, and the rear section root system of plant had penetrated concrete in 45 days.On former levee slope high water level position, dig out the hole of Φ 350mm circle with pneumatic pick, degree of depth 20cm, each hole adopts quincuncial arrangement, 3/m of density
2Inclined-plane, smooth hole bottom, lay 4cm about thick by pond sludge, peat soil by weight the bed course of forming at 2: 1, will plant living concrete prefabricated member and implant the hole center, the adjustment pvc pipe mouth of pipe is concordant with whole concrete surface.With space between M15 filled with mortar pvc pipe and concrete wall, after the tamping that mortar is floating.Repair the plant on the levee slope in good time.After 6 months, the whole domatic concrete vestige of not seeing.
Embodiment 5
Former city river concrete levee slope is C20 concreting, average thick about 15cm, and the gradient 1: 2 came into operation before 3 years.PVC leader with DN160 intercepts 20 of long 15cm short tubes, makes external mold cast porous concrete with the PVC leader of DN160: between aggregate size 20～25mm, use 42.5 Portland cements, water/binder ratio 0.3 (weight ratio, down together), cement-aggregate ratio 1: 8, thickness 11cm.After the normal temperature maintenance 20 days, earlier through the tap water spray, spray with 15% oxalic acid solution then and reduce porous concrete basicity, to pH10, refill pond sludge, dewatered sludge, peat soil, wood chip, the water-loss reducer polyacrylamide, slow-release fertilizer (lawn controlled release fertilizer, fragrant plant field, Shenzhen ecological engineering limited company produces) by weight 200: 400: 350: mix and stir and add the pastel that the water of suitable green material gross weight 30% reconciles at 18: 2.5: 0.3, surface sowing is mulching soil after 60% concentrated sulfuric acid takes off Bai Sanye that grain husk handles and weeping love grass seed grass seed mix, outward by the coconut palm net in case the topsoil leaching loss.Water seasoning is seed germination after 5 days, is behind plant height 5～10cm after 30 days to plant living concrete prefabricated member (containing the pvc pipe external mold), can transplant then, and the rear section root system of plant had penetrated concrete in 45 days.Dig out the rotund hole of Φ 190mm with pneumatic pick on former levee slope low water stage position, about degree of depth 18cm, each hole adopts quincuncial arrangement, 6/m of density
2Inclined-plane, smooth hole bottom is laid by pond sludge, peat soil by weight the bed course of forming at 2: 1, about thick 5cm.To plant living concrete prefabricated member and implant the hole center, it is concordant with whole concrete surface to adjust the pvc pipe mouth of pipe.With space between M15 filled with mortar pvc pipe and concrete wall, after the tamping that mortar is floating.Repair the plant on the levee slope in good time.After 5 months, part is domatic can be covered by paspalum notatum entirely in construction, does not see the concrete vestige.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of method that the river concrete levee slope is carried out environmental transformation is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) is length standard with the concrete thickness of waiting to transform the river concrete levee slope, PVC leader or the PVC gutter of DN100～DN300 cut into the PVC short tube;
(2) be external mold cast porous concrete with the PVC short tube, porous concrete thickness is than the little 4～6cm of concrete levee slope thickness, after the concrete curing 15～20 days, earlier through the tap water spray, spray with 10～15% oxalic acid solutions then and reduce porous concrete basicity, refill suitable green material, earthing behind the sowing straw or like vegetable seed, water seasoning are treated to be behind seed germination, plant strain growth to the 5～10cm and are planted living concrete prefabricated member;
(3) waiting to transform on river concrete levee slope domatic by 3～6/m
2Density is dug out circular or rotund hole, and diameter is than the big 3～5cm of pvc pipe external diameter, than the dark 3～5cm of pvc pipe height;
(4) inclined-plane, smooth hole bottom, the suitable green material in bottom of laying thick 3～5cm will be planted living concrete prefabricated member and be implanted the hole center, and it is concordant with whole concrete slope to adjust the pvc pipe orifice plane with the suitable green material thickness in bottom;
(5) space between M10～M15 filled with mortar pvc pipe and concrete wall is floating with mortar after the tamping; Repair the plant on the levee slope in good time.
2, a kind of method of city river concrete levee slope being carried out environmental transformation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, suitable green material comprises pond sludge, dewatered sludge, peat soil, wood chip, polyacrylamide and slow-release fertilizer, pond sludge in the described step (2): dewatered sludge: peat soil: wood chip: polyacrylamide: slow-release fertilizer is by weight 200～300: 300～400: the water furnishing pasty state of suitable green material gross weight 20～30% is mixed and stirred and added in 350～400:15～20: 2～3: 0.3～0.5.
3, a kind of method of city river concrete levee slope being carried out environmental transformation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described step (2) medium-height grass class vegetable seeds comprises a kind of, two or more grass seed mix among weeping love grass, Bermuda grass, paspalum notatum or the Bai Sanye.
4, a kind of method that city river concrete levee slope is carried out environmental transformation according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the suitable green material in step (4) bottom comprises pond sludge and peat soil, mixes and stirs by weight 2: 1.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101331847B (en) * | 2008-04-08 | 2010-10-27 | 欧阳贵明 | Technological process of cultivating green plants in artificial stone bank drainage hole |
| CN102060604A (en) * | 2010-11-11 | 2011-05-18 | 华南理工大学 | Suitable material special for plant-growing type porous concrete and filling method |
| CN101318795B (en) * | 2008-07-10 | 2011-09-14 | 华南理工大学 | Method for preparing vegetation form cellular concrete |
| CN102359114A (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2012-02-22 | 中国科学院武汉植物园 | Method for planting sedum sarmentosum on side slope |
| CN104081982A (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2014-10-08 | 武汉橄石代环境资源科技有限公司 | Manufacturing method of novel ecological blanket matrix for mine rehabilitation |
| CN105191733A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2015-12-30 | 宝鸡市林业科学研究所 | Slope hole planting greening method |
| CN105756014A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-07-13 | 北京东方园林生态股份有限公司 | Ecological concrete embankment and construction method thereof |
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| JP2001107364A (en) * | 1999-08-04 | 2001-04-17 | Koichiro Nishikawa | Greening unit with return function and its construction method |
| JP2002285525A (en) * | 2001-03-27 | 2002-10-03 | Kamigakigumi:Kk | Construction method of revetment/slope of porous concrete |
| CN2688753Y (en) * | 2004-04-07 | 2005-03-30 | 杨鼎宜 | Ecological porous concrete blocks |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101331847B (en) * | 2008-04-08 | 2010-10-27 | 欧阳贵明 | Technological process of cultivating green plants in artificial stone bank drainage hole |
| CN101318795B (en) * | 2008-07-10 | 2011-09-14 | 华南理工大学 | Method for preparing vegetation form cellular concrete |
| CN102060604A (en) * | 2010-11-11 | 2011-05-18 | 华南理工大学 | Suitable material special for plant-growing type porous concrete and filling method |
| CN102060604B (en) * | 2010-11-11 | 2013-10-30 | 华南理工大学 | Suitable material special for plant-growing type porous concrete and filling method |
| CN102359114A (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2012-02-22 | 中国科学院武汉植物园 | Method for planting sedum sarmentosum on side slope |
| CN102359114B (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2013-09-11 | 中国科学院武汉植物园 | Method for planting sedum sarmentosum on side slope |
| CN104081982A (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2014-10-08 | 武汉橄石代环境资源科技有限公司 | Manufacturing method of novel ecological blanket matrix for mine rehabilitation |
| CN104081982B (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2016-06-29 | 武汉橄石代环境资源科技有限公司 | A kind of New Mine repairs the manufacture method of ecological blanket substrate |
| CN105191733A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2015-12-30 | 宝鸡市林业科学研究所 | Slope hole planting greening method |
| CN105191733B (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2017-12-05 | 宝鸡市林业科学研究所 | Plant greening method in domatic hole |
| CN105756014A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-07-13 | 北京东方园林生态股份有限公司 | Ecological concrete embankment and construction method thereof |
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| CN100455728C (en) | 2009-01-28 |
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