CN1787270B - 碱性蓄电池 - Google Patents
碱性蓄电池 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1787270B CN1787270B CN2005101202482A CN200510120248A CN1787270B CN 1787270 B CN1787270 B CN 1787270B CN 2005101202482 A CN2005101202482 A CN 2005101202482A CN 200510120248 A CN200510120248 A CN 200510120248A CN 1787270 B CN1787270 B CN 1787270B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/24—Alkaline accumulators
- H01M10/28—Construction or manufacture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/24—Alkaline accumulators
- H01M10/30—Nickel accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
- H01M4/80—Porous plates, e.g. sintered carriers
- H01M4/806—Nonwoven fibrous fabric containing only fibres
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及具有袋式负极板的镍-镉电池。为了改变具有袋式负极板的镍-镉电池的性能,从而避免不利的长期行为并得到更好的耐久性数据,本发明提出采用纤维排列电极作为正极。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及具有袋式板状负极(pocket-type plate negatives)的镍-镉蓄电池(accumulator),用于能量的电化学积累。
背景技术
电池组(battery)和蓄电池(accumulator)已成日常生活必需的一部分,没有了电池组和蓄电池,则无论是机动车辆中的电动机还是移动电话均无法工作。这些蓄能器(energy accumulator)原则上由阳极、电解质和阴极构成。通常用于制造电极的金属与电解质接触时离子化。根据所用材料,两电极处产生不同电势,由此导致电势差,可以利用该电势差从蓄电池或电池组取出能量。
大部分碱性电池组和蓄电池均基于在电池正侧(positive cellside)和电池负侧(negative cell side)采用袋式板状电极。另外已知有的蓄能器,在其两侧均采用自焙电极(self-baking electrode),或者一侧采用自焙电极而在另一侧采用塑胶电极(plastic bound electrode),或者两侧均为纤维排列技术(fibre pattern technique)的电极。具有袋式电池板(pocket-type plate cells)的镍-镉电池在固定和移动能量积累中用于诸多应用中,但其具有的缺点是正极处电池的耐久性由于二次化学反应而恶化。这导致更快的老化,由此使使用寿命缩短。另外,这些电极需要电导率的改进或稳定措施,这也对长期行为具有消极作用。
发明内容
因而本发明的目的是改进具有袋式负极板的镍-镉电池的特性,从而避免不利的长期行为,并得到更好的耐久性。
根据本发明,通过采用纤维排列技术(fibre pattern technology)的正极代替袋式正极板状电极(positive pocket-type plate electrode),从而实现了上述目的。
袋式板状电极的结构为:将由镍或镀镍载体材料制成的通常打孔的金属板(plates)或金属薄板(sheet metals),例如钢板,排列成袋形,并将电化学活性材料体(electrochemically active material mass)引入这些袋中。为了电分离和空间分离,采用隔板(separator)或隔离物(spacer)。此类电极的缺点在于,其对于可储存能量的效率下降,并且不可避免地需要用于改善电导率的添加剂(additions)。这些添加剂是电化学不稳定的。
纤维排列技术的电极呈现出由无纺布(bonded fibre fabric)或针刺毡(needled felt)制成的多孔外壳(porous shell),所述多孔外壳具有薄金属层并装满电化学活性材料体。由于外壳的重量低,因而改进了关于单位重量的可储存能量的效率,并通过改进活性材料的接触而使耐久性得以改进。另外,多孔结构导致更大的电极面积,由此可得到更高的耐久性。然而,与袋式板状电极相比其缺点在于生产成本显著较高。
根据本发明,具有袋式负极板的碱性镍-镉电池的特征在于正极是纤维排列电极(fibre pattern electrodes)。其中,特别的优点是在避免了上述缺点的同时实现了此类混合电池(hybrid cell)的经济生产。
此外,提出对电极的容量进行选择,使得在电池放电过程中,正极纤维排列电极(positive fibre pattern electrodes)限制放电过程(discharging process)。因而,相应地对正极的表面容量(surfacecapacity)进行选择。由此可使负极袋式板状电极(negative pocket-typeplate electrode)总是达到某一最小容量,从而显著改进蓄能器(energyaccumulator)的长期行为。
根据进一步的方案,所述电池的特征在于正极数量小于或等于负极数量,并且将它们交替排布,使得外部电极(outer electrodes)为负极袋式板状电极。如果按顺序层状布置电极,则正极数量小于负极数量,从而使外部电极为负极。
根据本发明另一特性,外部负极中填充的活性材料体不如内部负极中填充的密集(the outer negative electrodes are less densely filled withactive material mass than the inner negative electrodes)。在单个电池的通常串联中,整个蓄电池(accumulator)或整个电池组(battery)的容量受最小单个电池(individual cell)的容量所限。
已经发现,纤维排列电极理想地具有表面容量,其优选在50mAh/cm2到250mAh/cm2之间(对于电极几何形状而言)。正极表面容量可变的优点在于,可以实现对由生产袋式板状负极而导致的狭窄方法的适应(adaptation)。例如,这可通过改变用于生产纤维排列电极的起始材料,及通过调整(adapting)活性材料体(active materialmasses)和材料而实现。实施对厚度的变化。此处,处于50mAh/cm2到250mAh/cm2之间的容量范围是蓄电池或电池组的期望总容量与生产工作之间合适的折中方案。
附图说明
下面,通过示例性实施方案更详细描述本发明。此处,图1示出了本发明碱性蓄电池的示意结构。
符号列表:
1.蓄电池(accumulator)
2.外壳(housing)
3.电解质(electrolyte)
4.负极(袋式板状电极,pocket-type plate electrode)
5.正极(纤维排列电极,fibre pattern electrode)
6.电连接
7.电连接
具体实施方式
从图1的示意表示可以看出,本发明蓄电池1包含外壳2。所述外壳2用于容纳负极4和正极5,其中单个电极之间置有电解质3,所述电解质3一方面用于产生电化学势,另一方面用于输送离子。根据本发明,负极4是袋式板状电极,正极5是纤维排列电极。
从图1可见,负极4和正极5交替排列,从而使其相互重叠,其中两个外部电极是负极4,从而使蓄电池1总共具有4个负极4和3个正极5。由于本发明的要点仅在于正极5是纤维排列电极而负极4是袋式板状电极,因而显然可想到其他实施方案。
在非重叠区域,电极4或5形成所谓的吊环系耳(suspensionlugs),其用于简单的电接触。这由图1中的虚线示意表示,其中负极4的电连接由符号6指示,正极5的电连接由符号7指示。
本发明的蓄电池1特征在于,由于袋式板状电极和纤维排列电极的交替排列而具有更好的耐久性,并且其显示出的老化效应要低于现有技术状态所知的电池或蓄电池。此外,本发明蓄电池1可以经济地制造和使用。
应当理解,由附图1所示的示例性实施方案仅用于解释目的。可想到本发明范围内的替换性实施方案。因而,可对所用电解质的尺寸和数量进行变更,对蓄电池外壳(housing)中电极的排列进行变更,并对单个电极的电连接进行变更。对于本发明而言,必要的仅在于负极是袋式板状电极,而正极是纤维排列电极。
Claims (2)
1.具有袋式板状负极的碱性镍-镉电池,其特征在于,
使用纤维排列电极作为正极,所述纤维排列电极包括:
由无纺布或针刺毡制成的多孔结构,所述多孔结构具有薄金属层,
装填在多孔结构内的电化学活性材料体,
并且
对电极的容量进行选择,使得在电池放电过程中,正极纤维排列电极限制放电过程,
其中正极的数量小于负极的数量,并且正极和负极交替排列,使得外部电极为负极袋式板状电极,且
其中外部负极中填充的活性材料体不如内部负极中填充的活性材料体密集。
2.根据权利要求1的碱性镍-镉电池,其特征在于,纤维排列电极具有的表面容量在50mAh/cm2到250mAh/cm2之间。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04029304.5 | 2004-12-10 | ||
EP04029304.5A EP1675205B1 (de) | 2004-12-10 | 2004-12-10 | Alkalischer Akkumulator |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1787270A CN1787270A (zh) | 2006-06-14 |
CN1787270B true CN1787270B (zh) | 2011-04-13 |
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ID=34927723
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CN2005101202482A Active CN1787270B (zh) | 2004-12-10 | 2005-11-09 | 碱性蓄电池 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20060134519A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1675205B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1787270B (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2005242197B2 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2624741T3 (zh) |
PL (1) | PL1675205T3 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (1)
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JP2011253804A (ja) * | 2010-05-07 | 2011-12-15 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 電極構造体、その製造方法及び双極型電池 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1040709A (zh) * | 1987-08-20 | 1990-03-21 | 瓦尔达电池股份公司 | 气密性碱性电池 |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US701804A (en) * | 1901-03-01 | 1902-06-03 | Edison Storage Battery Co | Reversible galvanic battery. |
FR1371756A (fr) * | 1960-02-11 | 1964-09-11 | Accumulateurs Fixes | Procédé perfectionné de fabrication d'électrodes ou d'éléments d'électrodes pour accumulateurs alcalins et articles ainsi obtenus |
FR1370562A (fr) * | 1961-03-10 | 1964-08-28 | Accumulateurs Fixes | Procédé de fabrication de matières actives et d'électrodes pour accumulateurs alcalins, et matières actives et électrodes ainsi obtenues |
US3741749A (en) * | 1971-09-03 | 1973-06-26 | Esb Inc | Method for the preparation of charged cadmium-nickel powder and battery electrode powder made thereby |
DE3318629C1 (de) * | 1983-05-21 | 1984-10-11 | Deutsche Automobilgesellschaft Mbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Metallisiertes Plastfaser-Elektrodengeruest auf Vliesstoffbasis fuer Batterieelektroden |
DE3739735A1 (de) * | 1987-11-24 | 1989-06-08 | Peter Dr Faber | Nickelfaserelektrode und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung |
JP2926732B2 (ja) * | 1988-02-22 | 1999-07-28 | 日本電池株式会社 | アルカリ二次電池 |
DE4004106A1 (de) * | 1990-02-10 | 1991-08-22 | Deutsche Automobilgesellsch | Faserstrukturelektrodengeruest fuer akkumulatoren mit erhoehter belastbarkeit |
JPH08162107A (ja) * | 1994-12-08 | 1996-06-21 | Bridgestone Metalpha Kk | アルカリ二次電池用ニッケル電極の基板 |
DK0935305T3 (da) * | 1998-02-06 | 2011-09-26 | Hoppecke Batterie Systeme Gmbh | Elektrodeanordning til nikkel-cadmium-akkumulatorer og fremgangsmåde til dens fremstilling |
DE10005415C1 (de) * | 2000-02-08 | 2001-11-08 | Deutsche Automobilgesellsch | Faserstrukturelektrodengerüstbahnstreifen, daraus hergestellte Elektrodenplatten, Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Faserstrukturelektrodengerüstbahnstreifens , Verfahren zur Herstellung eines porösen Faserstrukturelektrodengerüstes sowie Verwendung einer Elektrodenplatte |
JP3838878B2 (ja) * | 2000-04-28 | 2006-10-25 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 電池用電極板およびその製造方法 |
US6869727B2 (en) * | 2002-09-20 | 2005-03-22 | Eveready Battery Company, Inc. | Battery with high electrode interfacial surface area |
JP3826895B2 (ja) * | 2003-04-04 | 2006-09-27 | ソニー株式会社 | バッテリーパック |
-
2004
- 2004-12-10 ES ES04029304.5T patent/ES2624741T3/es active Active
- 2004-12-10 EP EP04029304.5A patent/EP1675205B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2004-12-10 PL PL04029304T patent/PL1675205T3/pl unknown
-
2005
- 2005-11-09 CN CN2005101202482A patent/CN1787270B/zh active Active
- 2005-12-08 US US11/297,799 patent/US20060134519A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-12-09 AU AU2005242197A patent/AU2005242197B2/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1040709A (zh) * | 1987-08-20 | 1990-03-21 | 瓦尔达电池股份公司 | 气密性碱性电池 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2005242197A1 (en) | 2006-06-29 |
EP1675205B1 (de) | 2017-02-15 |
ES2624741T3 (es) | 2017-07-17 |
PL1675205T3 (pl) | 2017-07-31 |
AU2005242197B2 (en) | 2011-06-09 |
CN1787270A (zh) | 2006-06-14 |
EP1675205A1 (de) | 2006-06-28 |
US20060134519A1 (en) | 2006-06-22 |
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