CN1751569A - A kind of method of preventing pest at root of vegetables by using pesticide isolation film - Google Patents
A kind of method of preventing pest at root of vegetables by using pesticide isolation film Download PDFInfo
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- CN1751569A CN1751569A CN200510086748.9A CN200510086748A CN1751569A CN 1751569 A CN1751569 A CN 1751569A CN 200510086748 A CN200510086748 A CN 200510086748A CN 1751569 A CN1751569 A CN 1751569A
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Abstract
A kind of method of medicine barrier film facility for prevention and control vegetables root disease and pest is characterized in that: seedling is placed in the cylinder that the medicine barrier film is rolled into together with original soil, fill up cylinder with pastille matrix or disinfection soil again, the field planting of watering.The method that the present invention utilizes physical control (barrier film) to combine with chemical control (bactericide or insecticide); promptly combine with pastille barrier film and two kinds of measures of pastille matrix; basal part of stem and root top that the facilities vegetable seedling is subject to infect isolate with carry disease germs soil or insect; the vegetables root is played lasting protective effect, reach prevention and reduce vegetables root disease and pest occurrence frequency.The method of isolating embrane method facility for prevention and control vegetables root disease and pest only needs to operate once when field planting, method is easy, with low cost, effect is remarkable, and can reduce agricultural chemicals usage amount, enhancing environmental safety, reduction peasant labour intensity, being beneficial to and promoting the use of, is the first-selected good recipe of control root disease and pest during pollution-free vegetable production and green vegetables are produced.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the method for preventing and treating of plant disease, the method for particularly preventing and treating plant silborne fungal diseases.
Background technology
In recent years, the production of China's facilities vegetable had obtained significant progress as the pillar industry of rural areas economic development.Because facilities vegetable crop rotation difficulty, four seasons continuous cropping in the production causes germ accumulation in the soil, and insect pest continues to take place.The root germ can be in soil or on the invalid body long-term surviving, and spread propagation by current or soil, cause the root major injury of facilities vegetable or cause system's morbidity; Growth, the especially seedling stage of soil insect serious harm vegetables root system cause harm, and cause the disconnected ridge that is short of seedling, and make plant strain growth slow, short and small even dead.The cause of disease that causes the root fungi disease comprises: epidemic disease is mould, corruption is mould, sickle-like bacteria, Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn, southern blight bacterium, sclerotinite, can cause root rot, base rot disease, climing rot, fusarium wilt, damping off, southern blight, stalk break respectively.The cause of disease that causes root bacteriosis comprises: pseudomonas, Erwinia cause bacterial wilt, bacillary marrow necrosis respectively; Endangering serious soil insect comprises: mole cricket, grub, wireworm, cutworm, gill cockchafer, weevil, plan ground first; The facilities vegetable of harm comprises that capsicum, pimento, tomato, eggplant, cucumber, sponge gourd, pumpkin, angle melon, cucurbit, balsam pear, watermelon, wax gourd, joint melon, muskmelon, bottle gourd, snake melon, Kidney bean, cowpea, broad bean, pea, French beans, dish use soybean.The vegetables root disease and pest takes place rapidly, causes harm serious, is prevented and treated producing little effect after the morbidity, so the control emphasis of vegetables root disease and pest should be placed on the early prevention.The method of preventing and treating now commonly used mainly contains: 1. spray-on process: after medicament is diluted to certain density soup, be sprayed on soil surface; 2. root-pouring method: after medicament is diluted to certain density soup with clear water, directly be poured onto in the soil; 3 pesticide-clay mixture methods: spread fertilizer over the fields in the plants stems base portion after puddling medicament and an amount of soil evenly; 4. physical control: the measure of control root disease comprises cleaning canopy chamber, pulls out diseased plant, and control root insect pest measure comprises the trapping adult; 5. sterilization: adopt methods such as fumigation, solar energy soil disinfection, steam heat sterilization to carry out soil disinfection.The above-mentioned method 1 used spray-on process of preventing and treating is to can only playing certain inhibitory action to the upper soll layer fungi, and volatile decomposition, and is little to germ under the topsoil and insect effect; 2 dosages of method are big, cost height, environmentally safe property difference and residual serious; Though 3 lasting periods of method are long slightly, watered water several times after, medicament disperses the back drug effect to reduce under flow action, can not play long-term protective effect to the vegetables root; Method 4 is cleared up the canopy chambers and is pulled out diseased plant and can play certain prevention effect, but invalid to the germ of accumulative total in the soil; The trapping adult can only reduce causing harm of root insect pest; 5 used sterilizations exist residue of pesticide serious, or poor effect, or the equipment price height, problems such as application program complexity.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the method for utilizing physical control (barrier film) to combine with chemical control (bactericide or insecticide); promptly combine with pastille barrier film and two kinds of measures of pastille matrix; basal part of stem and root top that the facilities vegetable seedling is subject to infect isolate with carry disease germs soil or insect; the vegetables root is played lasting protective effect; reach prevention and reduce vegetables root disease and pest occurrence frequency, reduce the method for preventing and treating of agricultural chemicals usage amount.
A kind of method of medicine barrier film facility for prevention and control vegetables root disease and pest is characterized in that:
Seedling is placed in the cylinder that the medicine barrier film is rolled into together with original soil, fill up cylinder with pastille matrix or disinfection soil again, the field planting of watering.
Described seedling root middle and upper part is equal with the cylinder base.
The top that described cylinder top should exceed the ridge is not less than 3-4cm.
The described field planting water that waters should avoid water level to exceed the cylinder top when watering.
Described medicine barrier film is the barrier film that contains bactericide or insecticide.
The preparation method of described medicine barrier film is immersed in barrier film in bactericide or the insecticide solution, and dry at shady and cool place, and described bactericide or insecticide solution are dilution 10-10000 bactericide or insecticide doubly.
Barrier film must place shady and cool lucifuge place to dry after soaking well in medicament, avoids medicament to tan by the sun decomposition in the sun, loses drug effect.
Described barrier film can be papery thing or the membranous thing that filter paper, newspaper, brown paper, wrapping paper, plastic foil or novel high polymer material are made, and has certain firmness.Described pastille matrix is that bactericide or insecticide and matrix are puddled, the volume ratio of described bactericide or insecticide and matrix can be 1: 1-1: 10000, described matrix is that the peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite or the peat composed of rotten mosses and perlite are mixed and form, and mixed ratio can be 1: 1-5: 1.
Described bactericide comprises all protectiveness and the systemic fungicide that is used to prevent and treat root disease, comprises copper class preparation, inorganic sulfur and organosulfureous fungicide, organoarsenic fungicide, aromatic hydrocarbons, substituted benzene, dicarboximide class, organic phosphates, benzimidazole, topsin class, carboxylic anilid class, sterol biosynthesis inhibitor class, phenylamide, carbamates, isoxazole or substituted urea class bactericide.
Described insecticide comprises organic phosphates, carbamates, pyrethroid, organochlorine class, neires toxin, chlorination nicotinoyl insecticides.
The vegetables root disease that medicine isolation embrane method of the present invention can be used for preventing and treating comprises: root rot, base rot disease, climing rot, fusarium wilt, damping off, southern blight, stalk break, bacillary marrow necrosis; The fungi that causes above root disease that can prevent and treat comprises: epidemic disease is mould, corruption is mould, sickle-like bacteria, Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn, southern blight bacterium, sclerotinite; The bacterium that causes above root disease that can prevent and treat comprises: pseudomonas, Erwinia.The facilities vegetable soil insect that medicine isolation embrane method of the present invention can be used for preventing and treating comprises: mole cricket, grub, wireworm, cutworm, gill cockchafer, weevil, plan ground first.
The facilities vegetable crop that medicine isolation embrane method of the present invention can be protected comprises: capsicum, pimento, tomato, eggplant, cucumber, sponge gourd, pumpkin, angle melon, cucurbit, balsam pear, watermelon, wax gourd, joint melon, muskmelon, bottle gourd, snake melon, Kidney bean, cowpea, broad bean, pea, French beans, dish are used soybean.
The method that the present invention utilizes physical isolation to combine with medicament plays a good protection to the vegetables root disease and pest, prevents or reduced the probability of facilities vegetable root disease and pest generation.The medicine of this method is isolated can be divided into pastille barrier film and pastille matrix two parts.Because the root germ is mainly propagated diffusion by current and soil, pastille barrier film and pastille matrix can effectively stop contacting of germ and root; Soil insect is mainly in upper soll layer 10-15cm activity, and pastille barrier film and pastille matrix can effectively stop itself and the contacting of root, and the medicament that contains can cause to avoid and keeps away or insect is killed; Pastille matrix can not broken up by current, so can better bring into play drug effect because stopping of barrier film arranged.After vegetables took root, medicament can ooze with under the sluggish flow, thereby had protected deep layer not have the place of barrier film.The barrier film bottom is equal with the bottom of shoot root, so can the growth of vegetables root not impacted.
The present invention proves with the facilities vegetable incidence of disease of isolating the embrane method plantation reduces that by isolating the comparison of above-mentioned several method in embrane method and the prior art output significantly increases, and has improved economic benefit.
The method of isolating embrane method facility for prevention and control vegetables root disease and pest only needs to operate once when field planting, method is easy, with low cost, effect is remarkable, and can reduce agricultural chemicals usage amount, enhancing environmental safety, reduction peasant labour intensity, being beneficial to and promoting the use of, is the first-selected good recipe of control root disease and pest during pollution-free vegetable production and green vegetables are produced.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment.
Institute of the present invention with medicament is commercially available, must wear masks during operation, rubber gloves.
The method of 1 one kinds of medicine barrier film controls of embodiment pimento root rot comprises following operating procedure:
(1) will grow and be 20cm, high rectangle barrier film for 10cm soaks 10min in 72% gram reveals the soup of 800 times of dilutions, takes out to be placed on shady and cool lucifuge place and to dry.
(2) during field planting pimento seedling, reveal the soup of 800 times of dilutions with 72% gram and mix matrix.
(3) will soak into the medicine barrier film that dries and surround diameter 6cm, the cylinder of high 10cm.
(4) seedling is placed paper web together with original soil, seedling root middle and upper part is equal with simple base.
(5) seedling that the medication film is wrapped up is colonizated in the soil, and remaining space is filled up medicine soil.
(6) water field planting water.
The method of 2 one kinds of medicine barrier film controls of embodiment vegetable root rot comprises following operating procedure:
(1) plastic foil (0.08mm-0.12mm) is cut grown into 20cm, height is the rectangle of 10cm, soaks 10min in 72% gram reveals the soup of 300 times of dilutions, takes out to be placed on shady and cool lucifuge place and to dry.
(2) during the field planting vegetable seedling, reveal the soup of 800 times of dilutions with 72% gram and mix matrix.
(3) plastic foil is surrounded diameter 6cm, the cylinder of high 10cm.
(4) seedling is placed paper web together with original soil, seedling root middle and upper part is equal with the tube base.
(5) seedling that the medication film is wrapped up is colonizated in the soil, and remaining space is filled up medicine soil.
(6) water field planting water.
The method of 3 one kinds of medicine barrier film controls of embodiment vegetables soil insect comprises following operating procedure:
(1) will grow and be 20cm, high for the rectangle barrier film of 10cm soaks 10min in the soup of 1000 times of 25% synergy quintiofos creams, taking-up is placed on shady and cool lucifuge place and dries.
(2) during the field planting vegetable seedling, mix matrix with the soup of 1000 times of 50% phoxims.
(3) plastic foil is surrounded diameter 6cm, the cylinder of high 10cm.
(4) seedling is placed paper web together with original soil, seedling root middle and upper part is equal with the tube base.
(5) seedling that the medication film is wrapped up is colonizated in the soil, and remaining space is filled up medicine soil.
(6) water field planting water.
Experimental example 1: to the control efficiency of pimento root rot
This invention The Application of Technology has good control efficiency to the pimento root rot, and the incidence of disease that field planting is handled after two months only is 9.72%, and the incidence of disease of contrast is up to 58.8%, and relatively control efficiency reaches 83.5%.The results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1. medicine insulation blocking method is to the result that prevents and treats of pimento root rot
| 15 days " Invest, Then Investigate " results | 30 days " Invest, Then Investigate " results | 60 days " Invest, Then Investigate " results | ||||
| The diseased plant number | The incidence of disease | The diseased plant number | The incidence of disease | The diseased plant number | The incidence of disease | |
| Handle 1 | 14 | 6.48％ | 20 | 9.25％ | 21 | 9.72％ |
| Contrast | 76 | 35.2％ | 97 | 44.9％ | 127 | 58.8％ |
Annotate: field planting 432 strain pimentos, processing and each 216 strain (12 strains of every ridge, 18 ridges) of contrast altogether.
Experimental example 2: medicine barrier film Protection Code and pudding treatment method control efficiency are relatively
This test compares the effect of medicine barrier film Protection Code and pudding treatment method control pimento root rot.The bactericide that the present invention uses reveals for gram.Ke Lu, mancozeb, dimethomorph all are the efficient medicaments that is used to prevent and treat the vegetables root disease and pest at present, and mix a kind of common method that local method is a pharmacy application.Comparative result shows, the control efficiency that pudding treatments such as a little higher than gram dew of method of the present invention are handled.The invention has the advantages that only needs to implement once, has reduced spraying times, has reduced amount of application and cost, has alleviated environmental pressure.
Table 2. medicine insulation blocking method and pudding treatment method are to the result that prevents and treats of pimento root rot
| 15 days " Invest, Then Investigate " results | 30 days " Invest, Then Investigate " results | 60 days " Invest, Then Investigate " results | |||||||
| The diseased plant number | Diseased plant rate | Relative control efficiency | The diseased plant number | Diseased plant rate | Relative control efficiency | The diseased plant number | Diseased plant rate | Relative control efficiency | |
| The medicine barrier film is handled | 5 | 6.94％ | 81.48％ | 6 | 8.33％ | 82.35％ | 7 | 9.72％ | 82.05％ |
| Gram reveals 800 times | 4 | 5.56％ | 85.19％ | 6 | 8.33％ | 82.35％ | 9 | 12.50％ | 76.92％ |
| 800 times of mancozebs | 8 | 11.11％ | 70.37％ | 8 | 11.11％ | 76.47％ | 11 | 15.28％ | 71.80％ |
| 1000 times of dimethomorphs | 5 | 6.94％ | 81.48％ | 8 | 11.11％ | 76.47％ | 10 | 10.89％ | 74.36％ |
| Contrast | 27 | 37.50％ | 34 | 47.22％ | 39 | 54.17％ | |||
Annotate: field planting 360 strain pimentos, processing and each 72 strain (12 strains of every ridge, 6 ridges) of contrast altogether.
Experimental example 3: medicine barrier film Protection Code and medicament root-pouring method control efficiency are relatively
This test compares the control efficiency of medicine barrier film Protection Code and medicament root-pouring method control pimento root rot.The bactericide that the present invention uses reveals for gram.Other medicament is with experimental example 2.Root-pouring method is the conventional method of control root disease and pest, and this method medicament usage amount is big, and needs repeatedly dispenser, and is residual serious, the cost height.Comparative result shows, the control efficiency of medicament root irrigations such as a little higher than gram dew of method of the present invention.The invention has the advantages that only needs to implement once, has reduced spraying times, has reduced amount of application and cost, has alleviated environmental pressure.
Table 3. medicine insulation blocking method and medicament root-pouring method are to the result that prevents and treats of pimento root rot
| 15 days " Invest, Then Investigate " results | 30 days " Invest, Then Investigate " results | 60 days " Invest, Then Investigate " results | |||||||
| The diseased plant number | Diseased plant rate | Relative control efficiency | The diseased plant number | Diseased plant rate | Relative control efficiency | The diseased plant number | Diseased plant rate | Relative control efficiency | |
| Medicine is isolated embrane method and is handled | 4 | 5.56％ | 85.19％ | 6 | 8.33％ | 82.35％ | 6 | 8.33％ | 84.62％ |
| Gram reveals 800 times | 6 | 8.33％ | 77.78％ | 7 | 9.72％ | 79.41％ | 10 | 10.89％ | 74.36％ |
| 800 times of mancozebs | 9 | 12.50％ | 66.67％ | 11 | 15.28％ | 67.65％ | 10 | 18.06％ | 66.67％ |
| 1000 times of dimethomorphs | 8 | 11.11％ | 70.37％ | 8 | 11.11％ | 76.47％ | 11 | 15.28％ | 71.80％ |
| Contrast | 27 | 37.50％ | 34 | 47.22％ | 39 | 54.17％ | |||
Annotate: field planting 360 strain pimentos, processing and each 72 strain (12 strains of every ridge, 6 ridges) of contrast altogether.
Experimental example 4: medicine barrier film Protection Code is to the influence of pimento plant height
The present invention can not impact the growth of pimento, and the plant height mean value of processing is close with the mean value of contrast, and difference is not remarkable.
Table 4. medicine barrier film Protection Code is to the influence of pimento plant height
| Repeat 1 | Repeat 2 | Repeat 3 | Average plant height | |
| Handle 1 | 63.2 | 58.4 | 61.7 | 61.1 |
| Contrast | 62.8 | 70.3 | 59.7 | 64.3 |
Annotate: be total to 120 strains of field planting eggplant door pimento, handle and each 60 strain of contrast, per 20 strains are a processing, handle and contrast and respectively repeat 3 times.
Experimental example 5: medicine barrier film Protection Code is to the influence of pimento output
The present invention can not impact the output of pimento, and the output mean value of processing is close with the mean value of contrast, and difference is not remarkable.The pimento that the present invention handles and the individual plant single rate of contrast are more or less the same, but the lethality of control group is up to 58.8%, thus every group of output well below processed group, difference is very remarkable.
Table 5. medicine barrier film Protection Code is to the influence of pimento output
| Repeat 1 (KG) | Repeat 2 (KG) | Repeat 3 (KG) | Average yield (KG) | |
| Handle 1 | 367.2 | 324 | 291.6 | 327.6 |
| Contrast | 116.4 | 263.2 | 51.2 | 143.6 |
Annotate: be total to field planting 432 strain pimentos, handle and each 216 strain of contrast, per 72 strains are a processing, handle and contrast and respectively repeat 3 times.
Claims (9)
1. the method for a medicine barrier film facility for prevention and control vegetables root disease and pest is characterized in that: seedling is placed in the cylinder that the medicine barrier film is rolled into together with original soil, fill up cylinder with pastille matrix or disinfection soil again, the field planting of watering.
2. the method for a kind of medicine barrier film facility for prevention and control vegetables root disease and pest according to claim 1, described seedling root middle and upper part is equal with the cylinder base.
3. the method for a kind of medicine barrier film facility for prevention and control vegetables root disease and pest according to claim 1, the top that described cylinder top should exceed the ridge is not less than 3-4cm.
4. the method for a kind of medicine barrier film facility for prevention and control vegetables root disease and pest according to claim 1, described medicine barrier film is the barrier film that contains bactericide or insecticide.
5. the method for a kind of medicine barrier film facility for prevention and control vegetables root disease and pest according to claim 4, the preparation method of described medicine barrier film is immersed in barrier film in bactericide or the insecticide solution, dry at shady and cool place, and described bactericide or insecticide solution are dilution 10-10000 bactericide or insecticide doubly.
6. according to the method for the described a kind of medicine barrier film facility for prevention and control vegetables root disease and pest of claim 5, described barrier film can be papery thing or the membranous thing that filter paper, newspaper, brown paper, wrapping paper, plastic foil or novel high polymer material are made, and has certain firmness.
7. the method for a kind of medicine barrier film facility for prevention and control vegetables root disease and pest according to claim 1, described pastille matrix is that bactericide or insecticide and matrix are puddled, the volume ratio of described bactericide or insecticide and matrix can be 1: 1-1: 10000, described matrix is that the peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite or the peat composed of rotten mosses and perlite are mixed and form, and mixed ratio can be 1: 1-5: 1.
8. according to the method for claim 5 or 7 described a kind of medicine barrier film facility for prevention and control vegetables root disease and pests; described bactericide comprises all protectiveness and the systemic fungicide that is used to prevent and treat root disease, comprises copper class preparation, inorganic sulfur and organosulfureous fungicide, organoarsenic fungicide, aromatic hydrocarbons, substituted benzene, dicarboximide class, organic phosphates, benzimidazole, topsin class, carboxylic anilid class, sterol biosynthesis inhibitor class, phenylamide, carbamates, isoxazole or substituted urea class bactericide.
9. according to the method for claim 5 or 7 described a kind of medicine barrier film facility for prevention and control vegetables root disease and pests, described insecticide comprises organic phosphates, carbamates, pyrethroid, organochlorine class, neires toxin, chlorination nicotinoyl insecticides.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101946659A (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2011-01-19 | 詹秋文 | Method for protecting crop seedlings against damages from subterranean insects by barrier method |
| CN104969800A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2015-10-14 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Method for local fixed-point control on soil-borne disease of vegetables |
| CN105723844A (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2016-07-06 | 恩施土家族苗族自治州农业科学院 | Pesticide applying method of soil-borne disease preventing and treating pesticide |
| CN105724131A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-07-06 | 山西省农业科学院小麦研究所 | Agent soil root enclosing method for preventing stem base rot of vegetables |
| CN108184512A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-06-22 | 广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | A kind of high-order item bag implantation methods of control of plant bacterial wilt |
| CN109429935A (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2019-03-08 | 赤峰和润农业高新科技产业开发有限公司 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings using leaching medicament paper pot seedling growing block and square hole seedling culture hole plate |
| CN109819827A (en) * | 2019-02-12 | 2019-05-31 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of control method of capsicum epidemic disease |
| CN111108988A (en) * | 2020-02-10 | 2020-05-08 | 宋浩 | Method for preventing and treating diseases and pests of root vegetables |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1124573A (en) * | 1994-12-12 | 1996-06-19 | 桂保华 | Sterilizing agent for seeds and soil |
| CN1115946C (en) * | 2000-08-22 | 2003-07-30 | 朱明忠 | Water and fertilizer keeping method for soil and special isolation film |
| CN1274220C (en) * | 2004-03-05 | 2006-09-13 | 中国农业大学 | Method for preventing and controlling soil-transmitted diseases to plants |
| CN1561723A (en) * | 2004-03-18 | 2005-01-12 | 南京农业大学 | Novel soil sterilizing preparation and its use |
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- 2005-11-01 CN CNB2005100867489A patent/CN100515193C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101946659A (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2011-01-19 | 詹秋文 | Method for protecting crop seedlings against damages from subterranean insects by barrier method |
| CN104969800A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2015-10-14 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Method for local fixed-point control on soil-borne disease of vegetables |
| CN105724131A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-07-06 | 山西省农业科学院小麦研究所 | Agent soil root enclosing method for preventing stem base rot of vegetables |
| CN105723844A (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2016-07-06 | 恩施土家族苗族自治州农业科学院 | Pesticide applying method of soil-borne disease preventing and treating pesticide |
| CN108184512A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-06-22 | 广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | A kind of high-order item bag implantation methods of control of plant bacterial wilt |
| CN109429935A (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2019-03-08 | 赤峰和润农业高新科技产业开发有限公司 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings using leaching medicament paper pot seedling growing block and square hole seedling culture hole plate |
| CN109819827A (en) * | 2019-02-12 | 2019-05-31 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of control method of capsicum epidemic disease |
| CN111108988A (en) * | 2020-02-10 | 2020-05-08 | 宋浩 | Method for preventing and treating diseases and pests of root vegetables |
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