CN105723844A - Pesticide applying method of soil-borne disease preventing and treating pesticide - Google Patents
Pesticide applying method of soil-borne disease preventing and treating pesticide Download PDFInfo
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- CN105723844A CN105723844A CN201610098352.4A CN201610098352A CN105723844A CN 105723844 A CN105723844 A CN 105723844A CN 201610098352 A CN201610098352 A CN 201610098352A CN 105723844 A CN105723844 A CN 105723844A
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- soil
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- borne disease
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G11/00—Sterilising soil by steam
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of crop disease prevention and treatment, in particular to a pesticide applying method of soil-borne disease preventing and treating pesticide. According to the method, the pesticide and soil are stirred and mixed uniformly, compared with a traditional soil surface pesticide applying method, the pesticide is dispersed uniformly, the pesticide can be released slowly, protection time of the pesticide is prolonged, and then efficacy of the pesticide is improved; damage to seedlings due to large local pesticide concentration is reduced; the pesticide is dispersed into the soil uniformly, deposition of the pesticide on the surface of the soil is reduced, and the pesticide utilization rate is high; the applied pesticide concentration is uniform, the phenomenon that the local pesticide concentration is too high is avoided, and damage to the crops is reduced; the deposition of the pesticide on the surface of the soil is reduced, the amount of the pesticide diluted and wasted in the process of permeating into the objective soil depth is reduced, the pesticide utilization rate is high, the amount of the adopted pesticide is reduced greatly, the resource is saved, and environmental compatibility is better.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to disease of agricultural plants prevention and control field, in particular to the application method of a kind of soil-borne disease pesticide control.
Background technology
In plant growing with production process, Disease management is important link, especially a soil-borne disease, and it is considered as usually the disease being most difficult to preventing and treating, increasingly causes the attention of people.Soil-borne disease mainly has tar spot, bacterial wilt, shot hole, droop, dry rot and nematicide etc., carry out propagating and infecting typically via soil, rich water etc., cause plant systemic disease, thus cause the wilting of plant, withered, cause strong influence to production.The crop yield that soil-borne disease causes loses generally up to 20～40%, and serious plot, up to more than 60%, even has no harvest.
Pathogenic bacteria in soil time-to-live length, not easily eliminate, and can cause along with Planting Years that pathogen quantity accumulates in soil.China's land area is limited, crop rotation difficulty, and multiple crop index is higher, and continuous cropping for many years causes that in soil, soil-borne pathogen increases.
Soil-borne disease pathogenic bacteria is distributed in below soil table, and dispenser is not easily accessible to, and falls ill hidden, and their early stage is not easily found so that its preventing and treating becomes global problem.In chemical prevention, more common with root irrigation, its concrete operations mode is that medicament medicinal liquid imposes on soil surface or shallow-layer, plays drug effect, have the features such as single administration concentration is big, formulation rate is many after arriving certain soil layer depths by leakage of medicament.
There is two large problems in root irrigation: one is that medicament arrives the degree of depth of soil and amount has certain limit in preventing and treating soil-borne disease process.Medicament solid particle migrates downward into along the space between soil particle along with current, ultimately result in the difference of migration amount on Transfer Depth and different depth, this is to cause medicament main cause of Concentraton gradient distribution on soil vertical height, and root irrigation shows as successively successively decreases.If medicament can be dissolved in the water, migrate with current direction depth of soils, but due to medicament soil porosity and water miscible restriction, the amount that medicament migrates to soil lower floor is very limited, necessarily makes overdose of medicine agent be deposited on soil surface.Two is that the prevention effect to soil-borne disease is relatively low, and formulation rate is easily caused greatly environmental pollution.Pouring root is typically in the side in foundation portion, it is impossible to effectively root is comprehensively protected, and seedling is damaged by topical agent concentration great Yi.Due to the existence of pouring root Concentraton gradient, needing most medicament and play the degree of depth of effect, chemical content is less, and the top layer that Disease management is played a secondary role, chemical content is more, and top layer also has deposit medicament, makes medicament effectively not play.If the viscous weight of soil, the soil layer that pathogen is concentrated is relatively deep, and pouring root dispenser is likely to not reach this soil layer, causes that effect substantially reduces.Medicament causes the huge waste of medicament in the unreasonable distribution of soil vertical height, and formulation rate greatly also brings serious ambient pressure.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the application method of a kind of soil-borne disease pesticide control, described application method can solve the problems such as drug distribution during existing soil-borne disease medicament application is uneven, and utilization rate is low, prevention effect difference.
In order to realize the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, spy by the following technical solutions:
A kind of application method of soil-borne disease pesticide control, including:
Soil-borne disease pesticide control is mixed homogeneously with disinfection soil, obtains mixing medicine soil；
To treat that sowing plant wraps up and plants with described mixing medicine soil.
The present invention by after medicament and soil are mixed, then with sowing or field planting after sowing plant is mixed homogeneously, dosage is less, can alleviate ambient pressure；To the protection that plant root is safer, effectively reduce disease and occur；Decrease the injury that seedling is caused greatly by topical agent concentration；Medicament is dispersed in soil, decreases the medicament deposition at soil surface, and medicament utilization rate is high.The method can be applicable to prevent and treat in the preventing and treating of the common soil-borne diseases such as tar spot, bacterial wilt, shot hole, droop, dry rot.
Preferably, the application method of soil-borne disease pesticide control as above, will wait that the thickness of soil sowing plant parcel is 0.5～3cm with described mixing medicine soil.
The thickness of 0.5～3cm can form one layer of overcoat, the infringement of isolation soil-borne disease.
Preferably, the application method of soil-borne disease pesticide control as above, described soil-borne disease pesticide control includes CGA-173506, Amici reaches, one or more in thiophanate-methyl, thiram, thifluzamide.
By the optimization of the application method that the application provides, application dosage is description recommended dose the 70～90% of described soil-borne disease pesticide control.
Medicament is mixed by the present invention with soil uniform stirring, compares traditional native table application method, decreases drug osmotic and is diluted the amount of waste in purpose depth of soil process, and medicament is uniformly dispersed, can slow releasing medicine, in a disguised form add the usefulness of medicine, drug use amount can be greatly reduced.
Preferably, the application method of soil-borne disease pesticide control as above, described in treat sowing plant be preferably seed or carry out the tuber of the plant bred with tuber.
Seed or tuber are conveniently sowed with after mixing with soil.
Preferably, the application method of soil-borne disease pesticide control as above, described in treat sowing plant be the one in Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, Radix Ipomoeae, Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Jerusalem artichoke, the Rhizoma Pinelliae and Chinese artichoke.
Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, Radix Ipomoeae, Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Jerusalem artichoke, the Rhizoma Pinelliae, Chinese artichoke belong to carry out, with tuber, the plant that breeds, and its edible portion is inherently located underground, thus is affected the most serious by soil-borne disease infringement.
Preferably, the application method of soil-borne disease pesticide control as above, described disinfection soil also needed to carry out pulverization process before mixing with described soil-borne disease pesticide control, and powder particle diameter is 0.1～2cm.
Soil can be more uniform with what medicament mixed after pulverizing.
Preferably, the application method of soil-borne disease pesticide control as above, the sterilization method of described disinfection soil is one or more in high-temperature steam sterilization, microwave sterilization, sunlight exposure sterilization or soil fungicides sterilization.
The dryness soil of soil preferably non-region of disease, and carry out soil sterilization to control soil disease.
It is further preferred that the application method of soil-borne disease pesticide control as above, described soil fungicides is Bravo, carbendazim, thiophanate methyl.
Bravo is broad spectrum protection antibacterial, stable chemical nature, corrosion-free effect, to people and animals' low toxicity, and the multiple fungal disease of main preventing and treating.
Carbendazim and thiophanate methyl are systemic fungicide, to thermally-stabilised, to acid, alkali instability, have protection and therapeutical effect concurrently.
It is further preferred that the application method of soil-borne disease pesticide control as above, the actual conditions of described high-temperature steam sterilization is:
60～100 DEG C of heating 30～60min.
High temperature method is a kind of physics soil disinfection method making every effort to substitute traditional chemical routes, and it utilizes high-temperature steam to promote the soil moisture, thus killing antibacterial, reaches the purpose of disinfection soil.Adopt general disease pest in the soil of high temperature method sterilization all cannot survive, to environment without negative effect.
It is further preferred that the application method of soil-borne disease pesticide control as above, the operation of described sunlight exposure sterilization specifically includes:
Being tiled by soil to be sterilized, with transparent heat absorption diaphragm seal, be exposed to the sun 15～20d simultaneously under burning sun, in the process being exposed to the sun so that the soil moisture reaches 50～60 DEG C.
The method of shining upon combines the two-fold advantage of high temperature and ultraviolet virus killing, had both avoided the chemical method impact on environment, and had also solved the problem that common high temperature method energy cost is higher；But this method especially relies on sunlight intensity, and climate requirements is high, so it is subject to a degree of restriction.
Compared with prior art, the invention have the benefit that
1), the present invention medicament is mixed with soil uniform stirring, compare traditional native table application method, medicament is uniformly dispersed, can slow releasing medicine, add the guard time of medicine, and then add the usefulness of medicine.
2), the medicine used, even concentration, do not have the phenomenon that local drug concentration is too high, thus decrease the injury to crops.
3), decreasing the medicament deposition at soil surface, decrease drug osmotic and be diluted the amount of waste in purpose depth of soil process, medicament utilization rate is high, and drug use amount can be greatly reduced, and is only routine and makes the 70～90% of consumption.Not only economize on resources, and Environmental compatibility is better.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art will be briefly described below.
Fig. 1 is in the embodiment of the present application 10, for controlling the application method schematic diagram of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi soil-borne disease.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, embodiment of the present invention are described in detail, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and are not construed as restriction the scope of the present invention.Unreceipted actual conditions person in embodiment, conventionally the condition of condition or manufacturer's suggestion carries out.Agents useful for same or the unreceipted production firm person of instrument, be and can pass through the commercially available conventional products bought and obtain.
Embodiment 1
A kind of application method of soil-borne disease pesticide control.
Take the dryness soil of non-region of disease, soil particle is worn into shape in small, broken bits, dries standby after disinfection；
Disinfection soil adds pesticide control mixing and makes medicine soil, plant after medicine soil is rolled in equably the root of plant seedlings to be planted.
Embodiment 2
A kind of application method of soil-borne disease pesticide control.
Take the dryness soil of non-region of disease, soil particle is worn into shape in small, broken bits, dries standby after disinfection；
Disinfection soil adds pesticide control mixing and makes medicine soil, medicine soil is rolled in equably after around the plant seed sowed and carries out sowing.
Embodiment 3
A kind of application method of soil-borne disease pesticide control.
Taking the dryness soil of non-region of disease, soil particle is worn into shape in small, broken bits, powder particle diameter is 0.3cm, dries standby after microwave sterilization；
Adding thiophanate-methyl 60 grams in 10 kilograms of disinfection soils, medicine soil is made in mixing, adds after 90 kilograms of Radix Ipomoeae potato seeds are dressed seed and plants.It is 0.5cm that medicine mount is rolled in Radix Ipomoeae potato seed peripheral thickness to be sowed.
Embodiment 4
A kind of application method of soil-borne disease pesticide control.
Taking the dryness soil of non-region of disease, soil particle is worn into shape in small, broken bits, powder particle diameter is 0.3cm, dries standby after microwave sterilization；
Adding 2.5% CGA-173506 200 milliliters in 10 kilograms of disinfection soils, medicine soil is made in mixing, adds after 100 kilograms of Rhizoma Dioscoreaes are dressed seed and plants.It is 0.5cm that medicine mount is rolled in Rhizoma Dioscoreae peripheral thickness to be sowed.
Embodiment 5
A kind of application method of soil-borne disease pesticide control.
Taking the dryness soil of non-region of disease, soil particle is worn into shape in small, broken bits, powder particle diameter is 0.1cm, dries standby after microwave sterilization；
Adding 2.5% CGA-173506 200 milliliters in 10 kilograms of disinfection soils, medicine soil is made in mixing, adds after 100 kilograms of seed potatos are dressed seed and plants.It is 0.5cm that medicine mount is rolled in seed potato peripheral thickness to be sowed.
Embodiment 6
A kind of application method of soil-borne disease pesticide control.
Taking the dryness soil of non-region of disease, soil particle is worn into shape in small, broken bits, powder particle diameter is 2cm, dries standby after microwave sterilization；
Adding 25% Amici in 10 kilograms of disinfection soils and reach 30 milliliters, medicine soil is made in mixing, adds after 100 kilograms of seed potatos are dressed seed and plants.It is 0.5cm that medicine mount is rolled in seed potato peripheral thickness to be sowed.
Embodiment 7
A kind of application method of soil-borne disease pesticide control.
Taking the dryness soil of non-region of disease, soil particle is worn into shape in small, broken bits, powder particle diameter is 2cm, is passed into by high-temperature steam in the pipeline being embedded in soil, and soil plastic foil is airtight, makes the soil moisture of 20cm depths keep 30～60min in 60～100 DEG C；
Adding 25% Amici in 10 kilograms of disinfection soils and reach 30 milliliters, medicine soil is made in mixing, adds after 85 kilograms of seed potatos are dressed seed and plants.It is 1cm that medicine mount is rolled in seed potato peripheral thickness to be sowed.
Embodiment 8
A kind of application method of soil-borne disease pesticide control.
Taking the dryness soil of non-region of disease, soil particle is worn into shape in small, broken bits, powder particle diameter is 1.5cm, is tiled by soil to be sterilized, and with transparent heat absorption diaphragm seal, be exposed to the sun 15～20d simultaneously under burning sun, the soil moisture 50～60 DEG C；
Adding 50 grams+thiram of thiophanate-methyl 25 grams in 10 kilograms of disinfection soils, medicine soil is made in mixing, adds after 65 kilograms of seed potatos are dressed seed and plants.It is 2.2cm that medicine mount is rolled in seed potato peripheral thickness to be sowed.
Embodiment 9
A kind of application method of soil-borne disease pesticide control.
Taking the dryness soil of non-region of disease, soil particle is worn into shape in small, broken bits, powder particle diameter is 0.5cm, and carbendazim disinfection soil dries standby；
Adding 24% thifluzamide 20 milliliters in 10 kilograms of disinfection soils, medicine soil is made in mixing, adds after 50 kilograms of seed potatos are dressed seed and plants.It is 3cm that medicine mount is rolled in seed potato peripheral thickness to be sowed.
Embodiment 10
A kind of application method of soil-borne disease pesticide control.
Taking the dryness soil of non-region of disease, soil particle is worn into shape in small, broken bits, powder particle diameter is 1.0cm, and carbendazim disinfection soil dries standby；
Adding 24% thifluzamide 20 milliliters in 10 kilograms of disinfection soils, medicine soil is made in mixing, adds after 50 kilograms of seed potatos are dressed seed and plants.It is 3cm that medicine mount is rolled in seed potato peripheral thickness to be sowed, and schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 1.
Experimental example
All adopting Rhizoma Solani tuber osi due to embodiment 5～10 is example, and preferred embodiment 9～10 all adopts is 24% thifluzamide 20 milliliters.Therefore embodiment 9～10 and comparative example is selected to compare to illustrate the effect of the application in experimental example.
Comparative example also plants the Rhizoma Solani tuber osi 50 kilograms of same batch, is used for planting Rhizoma Solani tuber osi with carbendazim disinfection soil, is different in that 24% thifluzamide 30 milliliters (by specification is diluted) is sprayed on earth's surface.
For the prevention effect of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi commonly encountered diseases tar spot, bacterial wilt, shot hole, droop, dry rot and subterranean pest-insect, the prevention effect of comparative example and embodiment 9～10 is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 seed potato sickness rate
The prevention effect of above-mentioned disease is with sickness rate for benchmark, and this sickness rate is the ratio that the strain number caught an illness in unit area accounts for total strain number, wherein:
Sickness rate 0～5%, is chosen as " excellence "；
Sickness rate 5～10%, is chosen as " well "；
Sickness rate more than 10%, is chosen as " generally ".
In sum, embodiment 9～10, by adopting application method provided by the invention, on the basis that formulation rate substantially reduces, enhances the ability of the anti-soil-borne disease of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, and prevention effect is excellent.
And owing to drug concentration is uniform, the injury of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi is less, it is remarkably improved the yield of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, relatively traditional method is compared, and every mu is at least increased production 15～20%.Owing to drug effect is increased, dose reduces accordingly, and Environmental compatibility is better, is a kind of soil-borne disease application method having good prospect, being worthy to be popularized.
Although illustrate and describing the present invention with specific embodiment, however it will be appreciated that may be made that when without departing substantially from the spirit and scope of the present invention many other change and amendment.It is, therefore, intended that include all such changes and modifications belonging in the scope of the invention in the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. the application method of a soil-borne disease pesticide control, it is characterised in that including:
Soil-borne disease pesticide control is mixed homogeneously with disinfection soil, obtains mixing medicine soil；
To treat that sowing plant wraps up and plants with described mixing medicine soil.
2. the application method of soil-borne disease pesticide control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that will wait that the thickness of soil sowing plant parcel is 0.5～3cm with described mixing medicine soil.
3. the application method of soil-borne disease pesticide control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described soil-borne disease pesticide control includes CGA-173506, Amici reaches, one or more in thiophanate-methyl, thiram, thifluzamide.
4. the application method of soil-borne disease pesticide control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in treat sowing plant be plant seed or the tuber carrying out the plant bred with tuber.
5. the application method of soil-borne disease pesticide control according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described in treat sowing plant be the one in Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, Radix Ipomoeae, Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Jerusalem artichoke, the Rhizoma Pinelliae and Chinese artichoke.
6. the application method of soil-borne disease pesticide control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described disinfection soil also carried out pulverization process before mixing with described soil-borne disease pesticide control, and powder particle diameter is 0.1～2cm.
7. the application method of soil-borne disease pesticide control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the sterilization method of described disinfection soil is one or more in high-temperature steam sterilization, microwave sterilization, sunlight exposure sterilization or soil fungicides sterilization.
8. the application method of soil-borne disease pesticide control according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described soil fungicides is one or more in Bravo, carbendazim or thiophanate methyl.
9. the application method of soil-borne disease pesticide control according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the actual conditions of described high-temperature steam sterilization is:
60～100 DEG C of heating 30～60min.
10. the application method of soil-borne disease pesticide control according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the operation of described sunlight exposure sterilization specifically includes:
Being tiled by soil to be sterilized, with transparent heat absorption diaphragm seal, be exposed to the sun 15～20d simultaneously under burning sun.
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| CN201610098352.4A CN105723844A (en) | 2016-02-23 | 2016-02-23 | Pesticide applying method of soil-borne disease preventing and treating pesticide |
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Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10191967A (en) * | 1997-01-16 | 1998-07-28 | Aichi Pref Gov | Bacterium material for suppressing soil infectious disease damage of tomato |
| CN1751569A (en) * | 2005-11-01 | 2006-03-29 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | A kind of method of preventing pest at root of vegetables by using pesticide isolation film |
| CN101438646A (en) * | 2008-12-29 | 2009-05-27 | 朱启阁 | Method for planting yam of high yield |
| CN104969800A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2015-10-14 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Method for local fixed-point control on soil-borne disease of vegetables |
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2016
- 2016-02-23 CN CN201610098352.4A patent/CN105723844A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10191967A (en) * | 1997-01-16 | 1998-07-28 | Aichi Pref Gov | Bacterium material for suppressing soil infectious disease damage of tomato |
| CN1751569A (en) * | 2005-11-01 | 2006-03-29 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | A kind of method of preventing pest at root of vegetables by using pesticide isolation film |
| CN101438646A (en) * | 2008-12-29 | 2009-05-27 | 朱启阁 | Method for planting yam of high yield |
| CN104969800A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2015-10-14 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Method for local fixed-point control on soil-borne disease of vegetables |
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| Title |
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| 曹坳程等: "《土壤消毒技术》", 《世界农药》 * |
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Application publication date: 20160706 |