CN1274220C - Method for preventing and controlling soil-transmitted diseases to plants - Google Patents
Method for preventing and controlling soil-transmitted diseases to plants Download PDFInfo
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- CN1274220C CN1274220C CN 200410004767 CN200410004767A CN1274220C CN 1274220 C CN1274220 C CN 1274220C CN 200410004767 CN200410004767 CN 200410004767 CN 200410004767 A CN200410004767 A CN 200410004767A CN 1274220 C CN1274220 C CN 1274220C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a method for preventing and curing soil-transmitted diseases of plants, and the method for preventing and curing soil-transmitted diseases of plants, which is provided by the present invention, comprises the following steps: coating soil about to be sterilized with a VIF film, and carrying out soil sterilization on the soil in the film by using methyl bromide original agents according to the density between 35 and 40 g/m<2> or using 37% aqueous agents of metham sodium according to the density between 70 to 80 g/m<2>. the method of the present invention has convenience, practicality, high safety and high effectively, and not only can the method effectively control root knot nematode diseases and other soil-transmitted diseases, but also the efficiency of drug execution is increased; additionally, environmental pollutions brought by the use of pesticides with large dose are reduced, and the present invention with very high popularization value is a very effective transitional alternative technology of methyl bromide.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of preventing and treating plant soil-borne diseases in the chemical pesticide diseases prevention technical field.
Background technology
Over past ten years, China's vegetable protecting field development has reached 2,000,000 hectares rapidly at present.But because its special working condition provides suitable environment for soil-borne diseases such as root-knot nematodes, the economic loss that causes is generally 20%-60%, has seriously restricted China protection ground vegetables and has produced and city " vegetable basket " construction.
At present, the general both at home and abroad generation of adopting the stifling method control soil-borne disease of methyl bromide, its amount of application is generally the former medicine/m of 50g
2Therefore but methyl bromide is not only a kind of extremely toxic substance, and it can also consume the ozone layer in the atmosphere, in the world the application of methyl bromide is limited.According to Montreal protocol in 1997, developed country will stop using methyl bromide, the Chinese government also to make the formal commitment in 2005 comprehensively and cut down 20% by 2005, thoroughly eliminate methyl bromide by 2015.Therefore, from the angle of technological reserve, China must quicken one's step, and studies simple and effective, economically viable methyl bromide substitute technology, and the loss that effort will cut down and stop using methyl bromide to bring is reduced to minimum degree.
Metham-sodium is a kind of nematode killing agent commonly used at home in recent years, and its amount of application is 100g (37% aqua)/m usually
2
At present, the domestic normally used plastic film that prevents that agricultural chemicals from leaking is common polyethylene plastic film (PE film), its poor sealing performance.The VIF film is a kind of film of ne-leakage, and it is formed by the compacting of 3-4 layer film, and skin is low-density PEF (LDPE), the interlayer that first polyamide (PA) or EVOH (ethylene vinyl alcohol) make.
The innovation and creation content
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method of preventing and treating plant soil-borne diseases.
The method of control plant soil-borne diseases provided by the present invention, be with soil to be sterilized coated with the VIF film, soil application 35-40g/m in film then
2Former dose of the methyl bromide of soil, or 70-80g/m
237% aqua metham-sodium of soil carries out soil disinfection.
Wherein, methyl bromide can conventional vapours method discharging enter described VIF film, and metham-sodium can the drip irrigation mode be manured into soil, and the dropper line space that described drip irrigation adopted is 0.4m, and the dropper pitch of holes is 0.3cm, and Peak Flow Rate is 1.9L/h.The application dosage of described methyl bromide is preferably former dose/m of 37.5g
2Soil; The application dosage of described metham-sodium is preferably 75g (37% aqua)/m
2Soil.
The thickness of described VIF film can be 0.01-0.03mm, wherein, is preferably 0.01mm.
Described plant can be vegetables, fruit tree and crops.Described vegetables are preferably the vegetables of protection ground cultivation, as the tomato of protection ground cultivation.
Described soil-borne disease is the plant disease that pathogenic soil bacterium, fungi and nematode (as root-knot nematode) cause.
Field trial studies have shown that, method of the present invention reduces under the 70-80% condition of normal application dosage at the application dosage with methyl bromide or metham-sodium, compare with normal application dosage, its preventing disease production-increasing effect is in peer-level, has guaranteed significant volume increase protection effect.
Method of the present invention is simple and practical, and is safe and effective, can effectively control root knot nematode disease and other soil-borne disease, improved dispenser efficient again, and alleviate the environmental pollution that the heavy dose of use of agricultural chemicals is brought, and have very high promotional value, be a very effective transitional methyl bromide substitute technology.
Embodiment
The VIF film is available from Italian IPM company, and water white transparency, thickness are 0.01mm.
Embodiment 1, use VIF film utilize methyl bromide to carry out soil disinfection
Employed methyl bromide is the stabilizing agent of 98% methyl bromide+2%, is stored in the pressure pan, and available from the Dead Sea, Chinese Lianyun Harbour bromine chemistry limited company, concrete grammar is as follows:
1) soil is turned over, degree of depth 25-30cm, and smooth again soil makes the soil conservation loose condition (of surface).
2) lay plastic conduit, place a long flexible plastic tube (this pipe has a discharge orifice every 15cm) of the wide some rice of 8cm, then less plastic tube is inserted this plastics pipe racks every 2m.
3) be covered with the VIF film, and will compress reality around the plastic foil in case methyl bromide leaks with soil.
4) methyl bromide discharging: when treating that the water-bath temperature reaches 80 ℃ of left and right sides, open air compressor and methyl bromide cylinder valve, and with step 2) in less plastic tube is connected, carry out methyl bromide and discharge, amount of application is 37.5g/m
2, the dosage of executing is read and is controlled by an electronic platform scale.
5) week is taken off film after the dispenser, and the ventilation of turning over before the transplanting emits residual methyl bromide.
Embodiment 2, use VIF film utilize metham-sodium to carry out soil disinfection
Employed metham-sodium is produced by Shenyang Agricultural Chemicals Factory, is 37% aqua, and concrete grammar is as follows:
1) soil ploughing depth 25-30cm, smooth again soil is installed drip irrigation system then, and the dropper line space is 0.4m, and the dropper pitch of holes is 0.3cm, and Peak Flow Rate is 1.9L/h.
2) cover the VIF film, will compress reality around the plastic foil in case agricultural chemicals leaks with soil again.
4) dispenser keeps drip irrigation system stationary flow speed, and add metham-sodium in plastic containers by amount this moment, adds a cover and prevents volatilization, and its application dosage is 75g (37% aqua)/m
2, soup evenly is manured into soil with drip irrigation system.
5) take off film around after the dispenser, at least one week of ventilation before transplanting is in order to avoid produce poisoning.
Embodiment 3, control tomato root-knot eelworm
Choose the multiple plot of root knot nematode disease in experiment base, palace of Hsi Wang Mu town, Qingzhou and establish five sub-districts: sub-district I, II, III, IV and V.Sub-district I carries out soil disinfection according to the method for embodiment 1; Sub-district II carries out soil disinfection according to the method for embodiment 2; Sub-district III removes with the VIF film among the polyethylene plastic film replacement embodiment 1, and the amount of application of methyl bromide becomes 50g/m
2Outward, its sterilization method is all same with embodiment 1; Sub-district IV removes with the VIF film among the polyethylene plastic film replacement embodiment 2, and the amount of application of metham-sodium becomes 100g/m
2Outward, its sterilization method is all same with embodiment 2; Sub-district V is the contrast of handling without any disinfectant measure.Tomato variety hair powder 802 seedlings of identical seedling age are transplanted into five sub-districts of the above-mentioned processing of process respectively, in identical environment and condition of culture, be cultured to fruit maturation, carry out field investigation on June 25th, 1 2003 on January 8th, 2003, the result shows that the disease index of sub-district I is 36.7, amount of increase in production 72%; The disease index of sub-district II is 34.4, amount of increase in production 67%; The disease index of sub-district III is 22.4, and amount of increase in production is 79%; The disease index of sub-district IV is 42.8, and amount of increase in production is 65%; Sub-district V disease index is 78.9.Illustrate that VIF film decrement is used methyl bromide and metham-sodium can effectively be controlled root knot nematode disease and other soil-borne diseases.
Use the resultant effect of methyl bromide and metham-sodium control root-knot nematode new technology in order to verify VIF film decrement in a wider context, except that experiment base, Qingzhou palace of Hsi Wang Mu town, other tomato producing regions in the Shandong Province also: Qingzhou City Gao Liu town, the king of Guangrao County town and Laiyang City have carried out multiple spot large-scale demonstration (area of always demonstrating reaches 5500 mu), have obtained and the very consistent effect in experiment base, Qingzhou palace of Hsi Wang Mu town.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of method of preventing and treating plant soil-borne diseases is coated with the VIF film, then with mode soil application 70-80g/m in film of drip irrigation with soil to be sterilized
237% aqua metham-sodium of soil carries out soil disinfection, and the dropper line space that described drip irrigation adopted is 0.4m, and the dropper pitch of holes is 0.3cm, and Peak Flow Rate is 1.9L/h.
2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the application dosage of described metham-sodium is 75g/m
2Soil.
3, method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the thickness of described VIF film is 0.01-0.03mm.
4, method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the thickness of described VIF film is 0.01mm.
5, method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described plant is vegetables, fruit tree or crops.
6, method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described vegetables are the vegetables of protection ground cultivation.
7, method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described soil-borne disease is the plant disease that pathogenic soil bacterium, fungi and nematode cause.
8, method according to claim 7 is characterized in that: described nematode is a root-knot nematode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410004767 CN1274220C (en) | 2004-03-05 | 2004-03-05 | Method for preventing and controlling soil-transmitted diseases to plants |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410004767 CN1274220C (en) | 2004-03-05 | 2004-03-05 | Method for preventing and controlling soil-transmitted diseases to plants |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1559213A CN1559213A (en) | 2005-01-05 |
| CN1274220C true CN1274220C (en) | 2006-09-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410004767 Expired - Fee Related CN1274220C (en) | 2004-03-05 | 2004-03-05 | Method for preventing and controlling soil-transmitted diseases to plants |
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| CN (1) | CN1274220C (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100515193C (en) * | 2005-11-01 | 2009-07-22 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Method for preventing pest at root of vegetables by using pesticide isolation film |
| CN101874459B (en) * | 2009-04-30 | 2013-02-13 | 昌乐县农业机械管理局 | Method for controlling root knot nematode by utilizing ozone water |
| CN101933452A (en) * | 2010-08-03 | 2011-01-05 | 青岛枫彩农业科技有限公司 | Method for sterilizing soil matrix used for nursery stock |
| CN103814799B (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2016-09-28 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of method improveing soil |
| CN105311654A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2016-02-10 | 吴光平 | Plant soil-borne disease prevention and control method |
| CN104145666B (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2016-05-04 | 河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所 | The application of metham-sodium in the numb Chinese yam paste head disease of control |
-
2004
- 2004-03-05 CN CN 200410004767 patent/CN1274220C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN1559213A (en) | 2005-01-05 |
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Granted publication date: 20060913 Termination date: 20100305 |