CN1749568A - Scroll compressor having function of preventing outflow of lubrication oil - Google Patents

Scroll compressor having function of preventing outflow of lubrication oil Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1749568A
CN1749568A CNA2005100978903A CN200510097890A CN1749568A CN 1749568 A CN1749568 A CN 1749568A CN A2005100978903 A CNA2005100978903 A CN A2005100978903A CN 200510097890 A CN200510097890 A CN 200510097890A CN 1749568 A CN1749568 A CN 1749568A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
lubricating oil
lubricant oil
oil separation
scroll
scroll compressor
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Granted
Application number
CNA2005100978903A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN100398827C (en
Inventor
朴孝根
金哲焕
赵洋熙
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LG Electronics Inc
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LG Electronics Inc
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Publication of CN1749568A publication Critical patent/CN1749568A/en
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Publication of CN100398827C publication Critical patent/CN100398827C/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/02Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C23/00Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C23/008Hermetic pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/02Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
    • F04C18/0207Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form
    • F04C18/0215Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form where only one member is moving
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/02Lubrication; Lubricant separation
    • F04C29/026Lubricant separation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)

Abstract

A scroll compressor having a function of preventing an outflow of lubrication oil comprises: a lubrication oil separating net installed at an upper surface of a fixed scroll; a lubrication oil separating plate installed at an upper portion of the lubrication oil separating net; and a refrigerant gas guide member installed outside the lubrication oil separating plate at a certain distance. Accordingly, lubrication oil is effectively prevented from flowing out of the casing through the discharge pipe together with a refrigerant gas when a refrigerant gas is discharged. Thus, the lubrication oil always remains in the casing, thereby reducing abrasion of each component. Thus, performance of each component can be improved, and thus compression performance of the compressor can be improved too.

Description

Scroll compressor with the function that prevents that lubricant oil from flowing out
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of scroll compressor with the function that prevents that lubricant oil from flowing out, especially relate to a kind of like this scroll compressor with the function that prevents that lubricant oil from flowing out, when promptly the refrigeration agent in housing was discharged to discharge tube, it can prevent that lubricant oil from flowing out with refrigeration agent.
Background technique
Usually, scroll compressor is a kind of compressor of highly effective low noise, it is widely used in field of air conditioning, and has following structure: in the movement process of fixed scroll and the relative moving of moving scrollwork, by a plurality of compression chambers that form between fixed scroll and the moving scrollwork are moved to the core of moving scrollwork continuously, compress continuously and discharging refrigerant gas.
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of traditional scroll compressor.
As shown in Figure 1, traditional scroll compressor 1 comprises: housing 11 forms Packed containing space in it; Compression member 41, it is placed in this housing 11, is used for compression refrigerant gas; And motor part 31, it is installed in the housing 11, and being used for provides driving force to compression member 41.
Side at housing 11 is formed with the suction pipe 13 that is used to suck refrigerant gas, and is formed with the discharge tube 15 that is used for discharging refrigerant gas at its opposite side.
Be separately installed with upper frame 21 and underframe 30 in the upper and lower of this housing 11, so that support compression member 41 and motor part 31.
Motor part 31 be provided with the stator 33 that is installed in the housing 11 and be vertically installed in rotating shafts 36 in the stator 33 be the center rotatably ccontaining/rotor 35 of installation.
Be formed with eccentric part 37 on the top of this rotating shaft 36, and in this rotating shaft 36, be formed with the lubricant oil service duct 38 that the lubricant oil 18 that is used for being contained in the lubricant oil storage area 17 of housing 11 bottoms is fed to compression member 41.
Be formed with lubricant oil supply part 39 in the bottom of this rotating shaft 36, thereby in the process of rotating shaft rotation, the lubricant oil 18 that is stored in lubricant oil storage area 17 can be fed to compression member 41 along lubricant oil service duct 38.
Compression member 41 comprises: fixed scroll 43, the upside that it has the scroll 44 of involute shape and is attached to upper frame 21; And moving scrollwork 53, it has the scroll 54 of involute shape, and by forming the compression volume of refrigerant gas with fixed scroll 43 engagement (interlock), and combines with eccentric part 37 and with respect to fixed scroll 43 movings.The tap hole 45 that is used to discharge refrigerant compressed gas is formed at the core of the upper surface of fixed scroll 43.
The operation that below description is had traditional scroll compressor of this structure.
When giving motor part 31 power supplies, rotor 35 is 36 rotations around the shaft, and the moving scrollwork 53 that is attached to eccentric part 37 is with respect to fixed scroll 43 movings.At this moment, the refrigerant gas that sucks by suction pipe 13 moves to the core of fixed scroll 43, is compressed thus.Refrigerant compressed gas is discharged by tap hole 45, and is discharged to outside by discharge tube 15 subsequently.
After circulating according to refrigeration (freezing) cycle, the refrigerant gas that has been discharged to housing 11 outsides flows into housing 11 once more by suction pipe 13.This process repeats.
Yet, in having traditional scroll compressor of this structure, in the rotary course of rotating shaft 36, the lubricant oil 18 that is fed to compression member 41 along lubricant oil service duct 38 is with the outside that exceedingly is discharged to housing 11 by fixed scroll 43 and moving scrollwork 53 refrigerant compressed gases by discharge tube 15.Therefore, being used for of being filled prevents that the lubricant oil of each parts depreciation from can not keep necessary amount and the undersupply that becomes, and this makes each part be worn, and causes the performance of each parts to be degenerated thus.As a result, reduced the compression performance of compressor.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of scroll compressor with the function that prevents that lubricant oil from flowing out, it is by when the refrigerant gas in the housing is discharged to discharge tube, prevent that effectively lubricant oil from flowing out with refrigerant gas, make and always retain an amount of lubricant oil in the housing, reduce the generation of each parts depreciation, thereby can improve the compression performance of compressor.
In order to obtain these and other advantage, and,, the invention provides a kind of scroll compressor, comprising: housing, formation containing space in it with the function that prevents that lubricant oil from flowing out as this concrete enforcement and generalized description according to purpose of the present invention; Fixed scroll, it has the scroll of involute shape and is used to discharge the tap hole of refrigerant compressed gas, and is arranged in this housing; The moving scrollwork, it has the scroll of involute shape, and by meshing with this fixed scroll, with respect to this fixed scroll moving; And the lubricating oil separation parts, it is arranged at around this tap hole, is used for isolating lubricant oil from the refrigerant gas of discharging by this tap hole.
These lubricating oil separation parts comprise: the lubricating oil separation net, and it has reticular body, and on the upper surface of this fixed scroll that is formed with this tap hole mounted thereto; The lubricating oil separation plate, it is installed on the top of this lubricating oil separation net; And the refrigerant gas guide member, it is installed on the outside of this lubricating oil separation plate at a certain distance.
The upper surface place of this fixed scroll in this lubricating oil separation net forms inclined surface, so that collect by this lubricating oil separation net separated lubricating oil.
On this fixed scroll, be penetratingly formed the lubricant oil return passage, flow along this inclined surface with guiding lubricant oil.
This lubricant oil return passage is communicated with oil drainage hole on the thrust-bearing that is formed at upper frame.
Below this upper frame, be formed with the lubricant oil guiding element, so that will guide to this lower part of frame from the lubricant oil that this lubricant oil return passage is introduced.
By following detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, above-mentioned and other purposes of the present invention, feature, scheme and advantage will become more obvious.
Description of drawings
The accompanying drawing that is comprised provides further understanding of the present invention, incorporates and constitute the part of this specification herein into, and it shows embodiments of the invention and together is used to explain principle of the present invention with the text description part.
Among the figure:
Fig. 1 is the longitudinal sectional view of traditional scroll compressor;
Fig. 2 is the longitudinal sectional view with scroll compressor of the function that prevents that lubricant oil from flowing out according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the zoomed-in view that the critical piece of Fig. 2 is shown; And
Fig. 4 is the longitudinal sectional view of the scroll compressor with the function that prevents that lubricant oil from flowing out according to another embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Below will be in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the example is shown in the drawings.
Fig. 2 is the longitudinal sectional view with scroll compressor of the function that prevents that lubricant oil from flowing out according to an embodiment of the invention; Fig. 3 is the zoomed-in view that the critical piece of Fig. 2 is shown.
As shown in the figure, the scroll compressor 100 with the function that prevents that lubricant oil from flowing out according to an embodiment of the invention comprises: housing 111 forms containing space in it; Fixed scroll 143, it has the scroll 144 of involute shape and is used to discharge the tap hole 145 of refrigerant compressed gas, and is arranged in the housing 111; Moving scrollwork 153, it has the scroll 154 of involute shape, by next with respect to fixed scroll 143 movings with fixed scroll 143 engagements, and compression refrigerant gas; And lubricating oil separation parts 161, it is provided with around this tap hole 145, so that only isolate lubricant oil from the refrigerant gas of discharging by the tap hole 145 of housing 111.
The containing space that has sealing in this housing 111, the suction pipe 113 that is used to suck refrigerant gas is installed on a side of housing 111, and is used for the discharge tube 115 that refrigerant gas is discharged is formed at its opposite side.
In this housing 111, be provided with compression member 141 that is used for compression refrigerant gas and the motor part 131 that is used for providing driving force to compression member 141.In addition, upper frame 121 and underframe 130 are installed on the upper and lower of this housing 111 respectively, so that support compression member 141 and motor part 131.
Motor part 131 comprises: be arranged at the stator 133 in the housing 111; And rotating shaft 136 rotor rotated 135 in the stator 133.
Upper end in rotating shaft 136 forms eccentric part 137, thereby moving scrollwork 153 can be driven prejudicially.In rotating shaft 136, form lubricant oil service duct 138, supply to compression member 141 so that will be contained in the lubricant oil 118 of the bottom of housing 111.In the bottom of rotating shaft 136 lubricant oil supply part 139 is set, it can be supplied lubricant oil 118 in the process of rotating shaft rotation to compression member 141.
Compression member 141 comprises: fixed scroll 143, the upside that it has the scroll 144 of involute shape and is attached to upper frame 121; And moving scrollwork 153, it has the scroll 154 of involute shape, and by forming the compression volume of refrigerant gas with fixed scroll 143 engagement, and combine with eccentric part 137, so that move prejudicially with respect to fixed scroll 143.
The bottom of moving scrollwork 153 contacts with the thrust-bearing 123 of upper frame 121, and moving scrollwork 153 can be with respect to these upper frame 121 movings.
Oil drainage hole 125 is formed at a side of thrust-bearing 123 along substantially horizontal, so that will discharge along the lubricant oil 118 that lubricant oil service duct 138 moves up.
Lubricant oil return passage 127 is formed between fixed scroll 143 and the housing 111, between upper frame 121 and the housing 111, and stator 133 and housing 111 between, and oil drainage hole 125 is communicated with lubricant oil return passage 127.
Equally, tap hole 145 is formed at the top at the center of fixed scroll 143, thereby refrigerant compressed gas can be discharged by this tap hole 145.Lubricating oil separation parts 161 are provided with around this tap hole 145, so that will separate with the lubricant oil 118 that refrigerant gas is discharged.
These lubricating oil separation parts 161 comprise: lubricating oil separation plate 163, and it is formed by tabular component, and is arranged to the direction of discharging along refrigerant gas and tap hole 145 intended distance apart; And lubricating oil separation net 165, it forms the cylindrical shape reticular body with predetermined mesh.Here, the size of the mesh of lubricating oil separation net 165 will be small enough to prevent that lubricant oil from passing, but will pass even as big as allowing refrigerant gas.
Upper surface at fixed scroll 143 forms inclined surface 147, so that collect by lubricating oil separation parts 161 from the isolated lubricant oil 118 of refrigerant gas.Therefore, the lubricant oil of being collected by lubricating oil separation parts 161 118 is introduced in lubricant oil return passage 149 and 127 through inclined surface 147, is fed to lubricant oil storage area 117 then.
Preventing according to having of the one embodiment of the present of invention with this structure in the compressor 100 of the function that lubricant oil flows out, when giving motor part 131 power supplies and rotor 135 rotations, the eccentric motion that moving scrollwork 153 carries out with respect to fixed scroll 143.And the refrigerant gas that sucks by suction pipe 113 is compressed by moving to the center of fixed scroll 143, and discharges by tap hole 145 subsequently.The refrigerant gas of Pai Chuing is discharged to the outside of housing 111 by discharge tube 115 in this way.At this moment, collect by lubricating oil separation net 165 in lubricating oil separation parts 161 with the lubricant oil that refrigerant gas is discharged by tap hole, the lubricant oil of collecting 118 flows along inclined surface 147, and is fed in the lubricant oil storage area 117 along lubricant oil return passage 149 and 127.
At this moment, the gaseous refrigerant gas that has therefrom separated lubricant oil 118 passes lubricating oil separation net 165, is discharged to housing 111 outsides by discharge tube 115, and according to the refrigeration loop cycle.
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of the scroll compressor with the function that prevents that lubricant oil from flowing out according to another embodiment of the invention.
As shown in the figure, the scroll compressor 200 with the function that prevents that lubricant oil from flowing out according to another embodiment of the invention comprises: housing 211 forms containing space in it; Fixed scroll 243, it has the scroll 244 of involute shape and is used to discharge the tap hole 245 of the fluid of compression, and is arranged in the housing 211; Moving scrollwork 253, it has the scroll 254 of involute shape, and by coming with respect to fixed scroll 243 movings with fixed scroll 243 engagements; And lubricating oil separation parts 261, it is provided with around this tap hole 245, so that only isolate lubricant oil 218 from the refrigerant gas of discharging by tap hole 245.
Top at the center of fixed scroll 243 is formed with tap hole 245, thereby can discharge refrigerant compressed gas.And, be formed with lubricating oil separation parts 261 around this tap hole 245, so that will separate with the lubricant oil 218 that refrigerant gas is discharged.
These lubricating oil separation parts 261 comprise: lubricating oil separation plate 263, and it is arranged to the direction of discharging along refrigerant gas and tap hole 245 intended distance apart; Lubricating oil separation net 265, it forms the reticular body with predetermined mesh; And refrigerant gas guide member 273, it is arranged at the outside of lubricating oil separation plate 263.The central open of this refrigerant gas guide member 273, and its lower end is fixed to the upper surface of fixed scroll 243.
Side at thrust-bearing 223 is formed with oil drainage hole 225, so that will discharge along the lubricant oil 218 that lubricant oil service duct 238 moves up.
Between fixed scroll 243 and the housing 211, between upper frame 221 and the housing 211 and be formed with lubricant oil return passage 227 between stator 233 and the housing 211.Oil drainage hole 225 is communicated with lubricant oil return passage 227.
Upper surface at fixed scroll 243 forms inclined surface 247, so that collect by lubricating oil separation parts 261 from the isolated lubricant oil 218 of refrigerant gas.Therefore, the lubricant oil of being collected by lubricating oil separation parts 261 218 is introduced in lubricant oil return passage 249 and 227 through inclined surface 247, is supplied to lubricant oil storage area 217 then.
Between upper frame 221 and lubricant oil storage area 217, lubricant oil guiding element 275 is installed, its guiding is along the lubricant oil 218 of lubricant oil return passage 227 to 217 supplies of lubricant oil storage area, thereby the lubricant oil of supplying to lubricant oil supply section 217 218 does not mix with refrigerant gas.
Preventing according to having of an alternative embodiment of the invention with this structure in the compressor 200 of the function that lubricant oil flows out, when giving motor part 231 power supplies and rotor 235 rotations, moving scrollwork 253 is with respect to fixed scroll 243 movings, compression refrigerant gas thus.Refrigerant compressed gas is discharged by tap hole 245, and is discharged to the outside of housing 211 subsequently by discharge tube 215.
Collect by lubricating oil separation net 265 in lubricating oil separation parts 261 with the lubricant oil 218 that refrigerant gas is discharged by tap hole 245.The lubricant oil of collecting 218 flows along inclined surface 247, and is incorporated into lubricant oil return passage 227.The lubricant oil 218 of this introducing guides by lubricant oil guiding element 275, and is fed to thus in the lubricant oil storage area 217.
At this moment, the gaseous refrigerant gas that has therefrom separated lubricant oil 218 by lubricating oil separation parts 261 passes lubricating oil separation net 265, and by 273 guiding of refrigerant gas guide member, is discharged to housing 211 outsides by discharge tube 215 thus.The refrigerant gas of Pai Chuing is according to the refrigeration loop cycle in this way.
As mentioned above, the present invention can prevent that effectively lubricant oil from flowing out housing with refrigerant gas by discharge tube when refrigerant gas is discharged from.Therefore, lubricant oil always is retained in the housing, has reduced the wearing and tearing of each part thus.Therefore, can improve the performance of each part, thereby also can improve the compression performance of compressor.
Because under the situation that does not break away from spirit of the present invention or its essential feature, the present invention can implement in a variety of forms, so be to be understood that, unless special the qualification, the above embodiments are not subjected to above any specifically described restriction, but should be understood to broad sense explanation in the spirit and scope of appended claims, therefore, in scope that falls into claims and border, or interior various variations and the remodeling of the equivalency range on this scope and border should be included in the appended claims.

Claims (13)

1. scroll compressor with the function that prevents that lubricant oil from flowing out comprises:
Housing forms containing space in it;
Fixed scroll, it has the scroll of involute shape and is used to discharge the tap hole of refrigerant compressed gas, and is arranged in this housing;
The moving scrollwork, it has the scroll of involute shape, and by coming with respect to this fixed scroll moving with this fixed scroll engagement; And
The lubricating oil separation parts, it is provided with around this tap hole, is used for isolating lubricant oil from the refrigerant gas of discharging by this tap hole.
2. scroll compressor according to claim 1, wherein, these lubricating oil separation parts comprise:
The lubricating oil separation net, this lubricating oil separation netting gear has reticular body, and on the upper surface of this fixed scroll that is formed with this tap hole mounted thereto; And
The lubricating oil separation plate, this lubricating oil separation plate is installed on the top of this lubricating oil separation net.
3. scroll compressor according to claim 2 wherein, is equipped with the refrigerant gas guide member in a distance of this lubricating oil separation plate outside.
4. scroll compressor according to claim 1, wherein, these lubricating oil separation parts comprise:
The lubricating oil separation net, it has mesh-structured and is arranged to round this tap hole.
5. scroll compressor according to claim 2, wherein, the upper surface place of this fixed scroll in this lubricating oil separation net forms inclined surface, so that collect by this lubricating oil separation net separated lubricating oil.
6. scroll compressor according to claim 5 wherein, is penetratingly formed the lubricant oil return passage on this fixed scroll, flow along this inclined surface with guiding lubricant oil.
7. scroll compressor according to claim 6, wherein, this lubricant oil return passage is communicated with the oil drainage hole that forms on the thrust-bearing of upper frame.
8. scroll compressor according to claim 7 wherein, is equipped with the lubricant oil guiding element below this upper frame, so that will guide to this lower part of frame from the lubricant oil that this lubricant oil return passage is introduced.
9. scroll compressor with the function that prevents that lubricant oil from flowing out comprises:
The lubricating oil separation net, it is installed on the upper surface of fixed scroll;
The lubricating oil separation plate, it is installed on the top of this lubricating oil separation net; And
The refrigerant gas guide member, it is installed on the outside of this lubricating oil separation plate at a certain distance.
10. scroll compressor according to claim 9, wherein, the upper surface place of this fixed scroll in this lubricating oil separation net forms inclined surface, so that collect by this lubricating oil separation net separated lubricating oil.
11. scroll compressor according to claim 10 wherein, is penetratingly formed the lubricant oil return passage on this fixed scroll, flow along this inclined surface with guiding lubricant oil.
12. scroll compressor according to claim 11, wherein, this lubricant oil return passage is communicated with the oil drainage hole that forms on the thrust-bearing of upper frame.
13. scroll compressor according to claim 12 wherein, is formed with the lubricant oil guiding element below this upper frame, so that will guide to this lower part of frame from the lubricant oil that this lubricant oil return passage is introduced.
CNB2005100978903A 2004-09-13 2005-09-02 Scroll compressor having function of preventing outflow of lubrication oil Expired - Fee Related CN100398827C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020040073089A KR100619741B1 (en) 2004-09-13 2004-09-13 Scroll compressor with oil discharge reduction function
KR1020040073089 2004-09-13

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1749568A true CN1749568A (en) 2006-03-22
CN100398827C CN100398827C (en) 2008-07-02

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US (1) US20060057012A1 (en)
JP (1) JP4943680B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100619741B1 (en)
CN (1) CN100398827C (en)
DE (1) DE102005040971B4 (en)

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US20060057012A1 (en) 2006-03-16
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DE102005040971A1 (en) 2006-03-30
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KR20060024200A (en) 2006-03-16
CN100398827C (en) 2008-07-02

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