JPS61205386A - Enclosed type scroll compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To realize easy performance of cooling of a motor by partitioning the inside of an enclosed container into a high pressure chamber and a low pressure chamber by means of a fixed scroll and a compressor frame and arranging the motor in the low pressure chamber. CONSTITUTION:The inside space of the container 1 of an enclosed type scroll compressor is partitioned into two chambers by means of a fixed scroll 10 and a compressor frame 12, while a driving motor 5 is arranged in a low pressure chamber. An independent medium pressure chamber 15 is formed inside said frame 12 and appropriate backpressure of a swinging scroll 11 is given by pressure of the chamber 15. Accordingly, the motor 5 is sufficiently cooled by low-temperature refrigerant gas in the low pressure chamber. Thus, durability of the compressor is remarkably improved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a hermetic scroll compressor for refrigeration/air conditioning or helium.

[Background of the invention]

As a conventional horizontal scroll compressor, JP-A-59-29
791 has been proposed, but this scroll compressor is
The inside of the sealed container was in an atmosphere of high pressure called discharge pressure. However, in such a structure, (1) cooling of the electric motor is insufficient, and (2) the method of supporting the orbiting scroll, which is a compression element member, is such that the internal gas force is not directly affected.
Since the system supports the orbiting scroll on the back surface thereof, there is a problem in that the thrust load is excessive and the efficiency (mechanical performance) of the compressor is reduced.

Also, this pressure! One machine was a horizontal-only machine, and when installed in a woodcutter's unit, the installation position was limited, which made it inconvenient to use. [Objective of the Invention] The present invention solves the above problems. This invention was invented in view of the above, and aims to improve the performance and reliability of scroll compressors, and to provide an easy-to-use scroll compressor that can be installed both vertically and horizontally.

[Summary of the invention]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention improves cooling of the motor by providing an atmosphere of a low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas around the motor. Further, the opposite side of the fixed scroll to the wrap is set in an atmosphere of discharge pressure, oil in the refrigerant gas is separated in the space of this discharge chamber, and the separated oil is supplied to the bearing section. In addition, the supporting method for the orbiting scroll is such that the back side of the orbiting scroll is supported by gas force at an intermediate pressure close to the low pressure (meaning the intermediate pressure between the discharge pressure and the suction pressure).This allows the orbiting scroll to be placed on the fixed scroll side. Press it with the minimum pressing force,
This reduces sliding loss due to axial force in this part.
In order to improve the mechanical performance of the compressor, the compressor is characterized by a combination of the above configurations, that is, a composite chamber type in which a low pressure chamber, a high pressure chamber, and an intermediate chamber are formed inside the closed container. Further, the second invention is characterized in that the compressor of the above type can be installed both vertically and horizontally.

[Embodiments of the invention]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a vertical hermetic scroll compressor for air conditioning, in which a pressure compressor section is housed in the lower part of a closed container 1, and an electric motor section 5 is housed in the upper part of the container. The compressor section has a fixed scroll member 10 and an orbiting scroll member 11 that are engaged with each other to form a compression chamber (sealed ball amount).
16b is formed. The fixed scroll member 10 includes a disc-shaped end plate tOa, and a wrap 510b formed in an upright rain polygon curve or a curve similar to this.
It has a discharge port 10f1 at its center and an intake port 10d at its outer periphery. The orbiting scroll member 11 consists of a disc-shaped end plate 11m, a wrap portion 11b standing upright thereon and formed in the same shape as the wrap of the fixed scroll, and a boss l1g formed on the opposite wrap surface of the end plate. There is. The frame 12 has a bearing part formed in the center thereof, and the rotating shaft 13 is supported in this bearing part, and the eccentric shaft 13a of the rotating shaft light is inserted into the boss l1g so as to be able to rotate. Further, a fixed scroll member 10 is fixed to the frame 12 with a plurality of bolts (not shown), an orbiting scroll member 11 is supported on the frame 12 by an Oldham mechanism 14, and the orbiting scroll member 11 is fixed to the fixed scroll member 10. , it is formed so that it rotates around its axis. The rotating shaft 13 has an electric motor shaft 1 at the top.
3b are integrally connected and directly connected to the electric motor part 5. In the figure (the same applies to the following figures), solid line arrows indicate the direction in which gas flows, and dashed line arrows indicate the direction in which oil flows. The low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas is guided into the closed container 1 from the suction pipe 4, flows into the low-pressure chamber 7, and then passes through the passage 6 winding around the electric motor 50 to reach the low-pressure chamber 8 at the bottom. Here, the refrigerant gas that has cooled the electric motor 5 is superheated and reaches the suction passage 122 and then the suction hole 10d in the fixed scroll 10. As mentioned above, the section 7.8 of the motor 5's rotation 9 is made into an atmosphere of low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas,
By passing low pressure refrigerant gas through the electric f15, the electric motor 5
cooling. The refrigerant gas that has reached the compression element is rotated by the orbiting motion of the orbiting scroll, which is prevented from rotating.
As the sealed space formed by both scrolls gradually shrinks and moves to the center of the scroll, the refrigerant gas increases its pressure and temperature and flows into the central discharge hole 10f and into the lower high pressure chamber (discharge chamber).
17. An oil separation element (with a built-in demister) 4'0 is installed at the gas outlet of the discharge hole 10f, and is used to separate oil from the refrigerant discharge gas. A detailed embodiment of the oil separation element is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of a cylindrical (cup-shaped) oil separation element 40. Bottom part 4 of 40
0d has a collision plate function that causes refrigerant gas to collide and change the direction laterally (four directions). This is an oil hole for allowing the separated oil to fall downward. Further, a plurality of holes 40b' are provided in the body portion 40b of the element 40, and the refrigerant gas spreads into the discharge chamber 17 through these holes. 60 indicates a discharge pipe. In addition, the solid line arrow in the figure shows the flow direction of refrigerant gas, and the broken line arrow shows the flow direction of oil. The embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is an embodiment in which a demister 406 is incorporated inside the oil separation element 40. The other parts are the same as those in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, are given the same reference numerals, and the explanation thereof will be omitted. In this way, the refrigerant gas that has spread into the discharge chamber 17 is guided to the outside via the discharge pipe 60 after separating the oil. As described above, a discharge chamber containing an atmosphere of high discharge pressure is formed in the lower part of the fixed scroll 10, and oil mixed in the refrigerant gas is separated in this portion.

Next, the support structure for the orbiting scroll will be explained with reference to FIG. The back surface of the orbiting scroll 11 is
．． Communication holes 11b and 11C provided in 1 (these communication holes 11b and 11C are holes that communicate the back pressure chamber 15 and the compression chambers 168, 16b, etc.).

), the gas pressure in the compression chamber 168.16b is guided to the back pressure chamber 15, and the gas pressure due to this intermediate pressure is utilized.

These communication holes 11b and 11C are opened at positions where an intermediate pressure close to a relatively low pressure (suction pressure) can be obtained. This converts the orbiting scroll 1i to the fixed scroll 1
0 side with the minimum pressing force to reduce friction loss at the end plate sliding portions 18 of both scrolls. Third
The figure shows a plan view of the orbiting scroll 11.

The communication hole 11b penetrates the end plate portion 11a along the outer wall of the wrap portion 11d, and the communication hole 11C penetrates the end plate outer peripheral portion t.
A radial elongated hole extending from tf toward the center and a slow ratchet opening 1
It consists of part 1C'. The communication hole 11C' is connected to the communication hole 1
Scroll wrap part 1 at a position y-symmetrical to 1b in terms of pressure.
It is provided along the inner wall of 1d. Note that these communication holes 11b and 11C (IIC') are connected to the back pressure chamber 1.
In order to suppress the pressure of No. 5 as much as possible, from point P (and point P') at the end of the scroll wrap to point Q (and point Q') on the inside of one turn.
Installed near the In the present invention, the communication hole 11bell
c' is provided on point Q and point Q'. With the above structure, gas in the back pressure chamber does not flow into the compression chamber during the suction stroke, so fluid performance is not impaired.

Next, the flow of lubricating oil will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 6. Incidentally, the oil supply route of this embodiment is shown in FIG.

It is composed of two paths: an oil flow path that flows from the discharge chamber 17 in the high pressure section to the back pressure chamber 15 in an intermediate pressure atmosphere, and an oil flow path that flows to the low pressure chamber 8 via the bearing 61, both of which are used for differential pressure oil supply. The method is adopted. The oil that has reached the low pressure chamber 8 and the back pressure chamber is
The pressure of both scrolls is reduced, and finally the discharge chamber 17
Return to Note that the oil guided by the oil supply pipe 30 reaches the small hole 33 in the main shaft 13 from the oil reservoir 41 through the oil flow path 31,321. This part has a high pressure atmosphere, and the back pressure chamber 17
A pressure seal with the intermediate pressure of is implemented in the bearing part 63.

Further, pressure sealing between the high pressure section and the low pressure of the low pressure chamber 8 is performed by the bearing section 61. The amount of oil supplied is adjusted by the bearing clearance of both bearing parts 61 and 63.

As mentioned above, the hermetic scroll compressor of this example has the following features:
Low pressure chamber 7 and back pressure chamber (intermediate pressure chamber) 1 in sealed container 1
5, and a high-pressure pressure chamber 17. The above structure has a cooling surface for the motor, a performance surface for the compressor, a rounding mechanism to reduce oil buildup in the compressor, and an oil separation prevention mechanism, which dramatically improves both the reliability and performance of the scroll compressor. can be achieved.

In the embodiment of the vertical structure shown in FIG. 1, both scroll members 10. It is arranged in the lower part of the container and the electric motor 5 in the upper part of the container, but even in the embodiment in which the compression element part is arranged in the upper part of the container and the electric motor is arranged in the lower part of the container, as long as the structure is of a low pressure part intermediate pressure system, You can get the same effect.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is a transverse arrangement of the embodiment shown in FIG. As described above, the structural features of the vertical/horizontal type scroll pressure Im@ are as follows, which will be explained with reference to FIG. 2.

(1) It is preferable that the feed pipe 30 for supplying oil to the bearings 61, 62, 63 and tOa, which serves as a suction hole for refrigerant gas, are located at symmetrical positions (positions in opposite directions).
In the case of a horizontal shape, the oil supply pipe 301 is provided at the bottom of the discharge chamber 17. (The bearing part is lubricated from the high pressure side to the intermediate pressure vht.
A differential pressure oil supply path is provided to supply rX to the low pressure side. (2) The position of the suction pipe 4 that guides the refrigerant gas into the sealed container is at a position hs above the lower end of the rotor 5b of the motor, as shown in the figure. This prevents the oil 411 accumulated at the bottom of the container from being blown up by the refrigerant gas. This is to reduce the oil stirring loss and to suppress the increase in the amount of oil spillage as much as possible. In the case of Fig. 2, the refrigerant gas flowing in from the suction pipe 4 collides directly with the rotor end portion 5C, and the fine particles mixed in the refrigerant gas are scattered in the rotational direction, and these actions cause the refrigerant gas to be dispersed. It is also possible to improve the separation efficiency of oil or liquid refrigerant particles.

(3) The discharge pipe 60 is provided at a position y opposite to the position of the oil supply pipe 30 for supplying oil to the bearing provided inside the container, and when it is horizontal, the discharge pipe 60 is connected to the closed container 1. It is located at the top (top) of the When made horizontally,
The reason why the discharge pipe 60 is provided at the top is that the discharge pipe 60 and the oil level 4
By making the distance from the discharge chamber 17 as far as possible,
This is to improve oil separation in the refrigerant gas inside the tank.

The other parts are completely the same as those in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, so the same reference numerals are given and the explanation thereof will be omitted.

In a compressor with a low-pressure chamber structure that introduces suction gas into a sealed container, if a large amount of liquid refrigerant returns from the refrigeration cycle side, or if a large amount of liquid refrigerant enters the oil in the low-pressure chamber 7.8. When the bath is filled, both scrolls 10.11
The liquid refrigerant flows into the compression chamber 168.16b, causing various problems associated with liquid compression. The embodiment shown in FIG. 7 prevents this problem. The figure shows a vertical embodiment. In this embodiment, a suction pipe 65 is provided vertically from the gas inlet portion 12a of the frame 12 and extends to a position where it engages with the lower end portion 5f of the coil end of the electric motor 5, from which refrigerant gas is sucked. As a result, the low pressure chamber 8 has 41 reservoirs and 9 liquid refrigerant 7
0 is not directly inhaled, and the cooling effect of the coil of the electric motor 5 can be improved. The other parts are completely the same as the previous embodiment.

The embodiments shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 are other embodiments of the present invention with round, oil injection (or liquid refrigerant injection) piping routes that increase the cooling effect of the compressor.

The cooling path in FIG. 8 is as follows.

The oil 41 at the bottom of the container is once led out of the machine via a pipe 72 and cooled with oil outside. Pressure is applied through the injector vent hole 75 provided in the end plate! It is injected into the i-container 16a or the suction chamber 10g. In the case of FIG. 8, the oil injector piping route for injecting oil into the suction chamber 10g formed by both scrolls is shown. The injected oil functions to cool the refrigerant gas and to lubricate and seal between both scroll wraps. The other parts are the same as those of the previous embodiments.

FIG. 9 shows an example of a piping route for an oil injector to improve the cooling effect of the electric motor 5. Oil on the lower part of the body 41
The oil is guided outside the machine via an oil pipe 80, and is cooled by an oil cooler 81. The cooled oil is led to an oil pipe 83 via a pressure reducing valve 82, and an oil outlet of the pipe 83 faces the upper part of the electric @5 (the upper end portion 5g of the coil end). That is, it constitutes an oil piping route for injecting cooled oil to the upstream side of the electric motor (near the upstream side of the refrigerant gas). The injected oil has a cooling effect on the electric motor 5 and also on the suction refrigerant gas, and then flows into the compression chambers of both scrolls while mixing the injected oil and the refrigerant gas, and returns to the discharge chamber 17 again. The embodiments shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 are applicable not only to scroll compressors for refrigeration but also to scroll compressors for helium.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, there is a cooling effect for the electric motor. This improves the mechanical performance of the compressor and the oil separation efficiency of the sealed container itself, resulting in dramatic improvements in both performance and reliability.

Moreover, the second invention has a structure in which vertical or horizontal installation can be arbitrarily selected, and an easy-to-use pressure machine can be obtained.

In addition, according to an embodiment in which the liquid refrigerant pressure is prevented at at and an embodiment in which an oil injection passage is provided, the scroll pressure m
The reliability of the machine itself can be further improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a hermetic scroll compressor showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an embodiment in which the embodiment of FIG. 1 is placed horizontally, and FIG. FIG. 1 is an enlarged plan view of the orbiting scroll of the embodiment, FIGS. 4 and 5 are sectional views showing different embodiments of the oil separation element portion, FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the oil supply route, and FIG. FIGS. 8 and 9 are sectional views showing other embodiments each having an oil cooling mechanism. 1... Airtight container 4... Suction pipe 5... Electric motor 7.8... Low pressure chamber 15... Back pressure chamber (intermediate pressure chamber) 11 b, 11 C-... Communication hole 17...
・Exit chamber 10...Fixed scroll 11.-m times scroll 12...Frame 41...Lubricating oil. Tei δmi L

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A scroll compressor and an electric motor are housed in a sealed container, connected to each other via a rotating shaft that supports a frame. The members are meshed with their laps inside each other, the orbiting scroll member is engaged with an eccentric shaft portion connected to the rotating shaft, and the orbiting scroll member is rotated relative to the fixed scroll member without rotating on its own axis. A scroll compressor is provided with a discharge port opening at the center and an intake port opening at the outer periphery, and compresses gas by moving around the compression space formed by both scroll members to reduce the volume. The closed container chamber is separated into two chambers by a frame and a fixed scroll, the suction gas is introduced into the chamber where the electric motor is housed to form a low pressure chamber, and the discharge gas is introduced into the chamber on the outer wall of the fixed scroll to form a high pressure chamber. At the same time, a back pressure chamber is formed by a frame on the back surface of the orbiting scroll, an intermediate pressure between high pressure and low pressure is introduced into this back pressure chamber to form an intermediate pressure chamber, and an end is opened at the lower part of the high pressure chamber. A hermetic scroll compressor characterized by forming an oil supply path. 2. Claim 1, in which the oil supply path consists of a flow path flowing into the back pressure chamber and a flow path flowing into the low pressure chamber via the lower bearing part.
Hermetic scroll compressor as described in . 3. A scroll compressor and an electric motor are housed in an airtight container, connected to each other via a rotating shaft that supports a frame, and the compressor section includes a fixed scroll member and an orbiting scroll member with a spiral wrap on a disc-shaped end plate. , the wraps are brought inwards and engaged with each other, the orbiting scroll member is engaged with an eccentric shaft portion connected to the rotating shaft, the orbiting scroll member is rotated relative to the fixed scroll member without rotating on its own axis, and the orbiting scroll member is rotated relative to the fixed scroll member, is a scroll compressor that has a discharge port that opens at the center and an intake port that opens at the outer periphery, and compresses gas by moving around the compression space formed by both scroll members to reduce the volume. A suction pipe is opened and connected to the chamber where the gas is housed to form a low-pressure chamber, and discharge gas is introduced into the chamber on the outer wall of the fixed scroll to form a high-pressure (discharge) chamber.The back pressure is increased by a frame on the back of the orbiting scroll. A chamber is formed, and an intermediate pressure between high pressure and low pressure is introduced into this back pressure chamber to form an intermediate pressure chamber.
The above suction pipe is opened and connected above the lower end extension position of the rotor of the electric motor, the end of the oil supply passage bored in the frame is opened at the bottom of the high pressure chamber, and the discharge pipe is opened at the top of the closed container. A hermetic scroll compressor characterized by being a double-use type. 4. 4. The hermetic scroll compressor according to claim 3, wherein the oil supply path includes a flow path flowing to the back pressure chamber and a flow path flowing to the low pressure chamber via the lower bearing portion.