JPH01301971A - Scroll compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To smooth supply of lubricant to each sliding part by supplying lubricant from an oil supply hole one end of which is led in the lubricant by means of a differential pressure between a high pressure chamber and its back pressure chamber and the centrifugal pumping action of a shaft. CONSTITUTION:Lubricant reaches a boss part 29 from an oil supply pipe 24 through an oil supply hole 25, an oil sump hole 26, a small hole 27 and an oil supply hole 28. The lubricant cumulated in the boss part 29 is further led to a back pressure chamber 20 while its partial amount is lubricating a rotary bearing 5 by means of a differential pressure from the back pressure chamber 20 and a further partial amount reaches the back pressure chamber 20 from the eccentric oil supply hole 4b inside a shaft by means of centrifugal pump action to the back pressure chamber 20 while lubricating an auxiliary bearing 7 and a main bearing 6.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a scroll compressor used as a refrigerant compressor for refrigeration and air conditioning, refrigerators, and the like.

Conventional technology The basic structure, lubrication method, etc. will be explained with reference to FIGS. 8 to 9. In addition, for ease of explanation, solid line arrows indicating the flow direction of the working gas and broken line arrows indicating the flow direction of the lubricating oil are shown as such. FIG. 8 shows an overall configuration diagram of a conventional hermetic scroll compressor for an air conditioner. The compressor includes both scroll members, a fixed scroll member 1 and an orbiting scroll member 2, which are compression element parts, and an orbiting scroll member 2.
an anti-rotation member 3 and a main shaft 4, three bearings that support it, that is, a swing bearing 6, a main bearing 6, an auxiliary bearing 7, an electric motor 8, and a stationary block 9 that fixes the fixed scroll 1. Consists of etc. These components are housed inside the closed container 10.

The operation of the compressor will be explained according to the flow of refrigerant gas and the flow of lubricating oil.

The low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas is guided from the suction pipe 11 and reaches the suction chamber 12 within the fixed scroll 1 . As shown in FIG. 9, the refrigerant gas that has reached the compression element is moved into a closed space 13a formed by both scrolls due to the orbital movement of the orbiting scroll 2, which is prevented from rotating.

As the refrigerant gas 13b gradually contracts and moves to the center of the scroll, the pressure of the refrigerant gas is increased and the refrigerant gas is discharged from the discharge hole 14 via the central reed valve 23.

The discharged high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas fills the space 18 around the electric motor through the space 16 between the containers and the communication passages 16 and 17 in the closed container 1°, and is guided to the outside through the discharge pipe 19.

On the other hand, a back pressure chamber 2o, which is a space surrounded by the back surface of the orbiting scroll 2 and the block 9, has a back pressure chamber 2o that resists the gas force in the thrust direction due to the gas pressure in a plurality of sealed spaces formed by both the orbiting and fixed scrolls. Therefore, a pressure between suction pressure and discharge pressure acts. This intermediate pressure is set by providing small holes 2b and 2c in the end plate 2a of the orbiting scroll 2, and guiding the gas inside the scroll which is in the middle of compression to the back pressure chamber 2o through these holes. It is done by applying force.

Next, the flow of lubricating oil will be explained.

The lubricating oil 21 is stored in the lower part of the closed container 10.

The lower end of the main shaft 4 is immersed in the oil at the bottom of the container, and the upper part of the main shaft is provided with an eccentric shaft portion 4a.
is engaged with. The main shaft 4 is formed with an eccentric vertical hole 4b extending from the lower end of the main shaft to the upper end surface of the main shaft for supplying oil to each bearing section. The lower end of the main shaft 4 immersed in the lubricating oil 21 is in an atmosphere of high discharge pressure (PD), while the groove of the downstream swing bearing 5 is in an atmosphere of intermediate pressure (PM). ) The lubricating oil 21 at the bottom of the container rises inside the eccentric vertical hole 4b. The lubricating oil that has ascended through the eccentric vertical hole 4b is transferred to the auxiliary bearing 7. Main bearing 6 and slewing bearing 6
The oil is supplied to the bearings and drained into the back pressure chamber 2o through the respective bearing gaps. The lubricating oil that has reached the back pressure chamber 2o is
The refrigerant gas is injected into the working chamber formed by the scrolls 1 and 2 via the refrigerant gases b and 2c, and mixed with the refrigerant gas inside the scroll wrap. Next, the lubricating oil along with the refrigerant gas is subjected to a pressure increasing action, and the discharge hole 14. Discharge chamber 16 and communication passage 16
17 and then moves to the motor room 18. Electric motor room 18
The lubricating oil that has reached this point falls to the bottom of the container 1o due to its own weight, is collected at the bottom of the container again, and is used to lubricate each part.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the above configuration, since the motor is provided in the lower part of the closed container, the motor cannot be cooled sufficiently by the refrigerant gas. In other words, since the motor was not fully air-cooled, the temperature of the motor increased significantly, posing a risk of burnout. In addition, since the refrigerant gas containing lubricating oil passes through the same route as the lubricating oil from the top of the sealed container to the bottom of the sealed container, sufficient oil separation is not achieved, resulting in a large amount of oil leakage, which may reduce system performance and damage the compressor's lubricating oil. There was a risk of a shortage.

The present invention solves these conventional problems and also provides a new oil supply mechanism.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the present invention arranges a motor above and a scroll type compression mechanism below inside a closed container. However, in this case, since the orbiting scroll must be placed on the motor side, the fixed scroll is inevitably placed on the lubricating oil side, making it impossible to employ the conventional oil supply method. Therefore, the oil supply hole that leads into the lubricating oil on the negative end side is a fixed scroll.

The lubricating oil is passed through the orbiting scroll and shaft, and is supplied to each sliding part using the differential pressure between the high pressure chamber and the back pressure chamber and the centrifugal pump action of the shaft.

Function The present invention uses a full-air cooling system to cool the motor by arranging the motor at the upper part of the closed container and the scroll-type compression mechanism at the lower part, thereby suppressing the rise in motor temperature and preventing motor burnout. Since the inside of the sealed container can be effectively used as an oil separation space, it is possible to prevent an excessive amount of oil from flowing out.

Furthermore, even in the scroll compressor having such a configuration, lubricating oil can be smoothly supplied to each sliding portion.

Embodiment Hereinafter, one embodiment of the scroll compressor of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings (FIGS. 1 to 7). In the figure, the same parts as in FIGS. 8 and 9 of the conventional example are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed explanation thereof will be omitted.

In FIG. 1, the flow of refrigerant gas is shown by solid arrows. As you can see from the diagram, the motor is cooled entirely by air, which suppresses the rise in motor temperature.

Furthermore, the flow direction of the lubricating oil is indicated by a dashed arrow. As shown in the figure, since the flow of refrigerant gas and lubricating oil is separated within the closed container, oil separation is good and it is possible to prevent an excessive amount of oil from flowing out.

Next, an example of the oil supply mechanism in the scroll compressor configured as described above will be described.

In FIG. 1, 24 is an oil supply pipe, 26 is an oil supply hole passing through the fixed scroll, and 26 is a hole for an oil reservoir provided in the fixed scroll mirror plate surface.

The positional relationship is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. As shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, 27 is a small hole provided on the mirror plate surface of the orbiting scroll so as to communicate with the oil reservoir hole at any crank angle, and 28 is a small hole provided on the mirror plate surface of the orbiting scroll to communicate with the oil reservoir hole at any crank angle. This is a communicating oil supply hole. Further, 4b is an eccentric oil supply hole provided in the shaft, which communicates with the auxiliary bearing 7.

In the scroll compressor configured as described above, due to the differential pressure between the high pressure chamber 18 and the orbiting scroll boss portion 29,
Lubricating oil is supplied from the oil supply pipe 24 to the oil supply hole 26. Oil reservoir hole 26. Small hole 27. It reaches the boss portion 29 via the oil supply hole 28. The lubricating oil accumulated in the boss part 29 further lubricates the swing bearing 6 due to the differential pressure with the back pressure chamber 20, and then flows into the back pressure chamber 20, and furthermore, a part of it is sent to the eccentric oil supply hole in the shaft by the action of the centrifugal pump. 4b to auxiliary bearing 7. It reaches the back pressure chamber 2o while lubricating the main bearing 6.

The lubricating oil accumulated in the back pressure chamber 2Q is an orbiting scroll.

It enters the cylinder while lubricating the end plate of the fixed scroll, and receives a pressurizing action together with the refrigerant gas while lubricating the scroll wrap, and is discharged from the discharge hole 14. Discharge chamber 16. Furthermore, the lubricating oil that has reached the motor room 18 via the communication passages 16 and 17 falls to the bottom of the closed container 10 due to its own weight, and is again collected at the bottom of the container, where it is used to lubricate various parts.

Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention provides a motor above a closed container.
By placing a scroll-type compression mechanism below, the motor is cooled entirely by air, suppressing the rise in motor temperature.
Motor burnout can be prevented. Furthermore, since the sealed chamber can be effectively used as an oil separation space, the amount of oil leakage does not become excessive, and it is possible to prevent a decrease in the performance of the system and a lack of lubricating oil.

Furthermore, in the scroll compressor having such a configuration, lubricating oil can be smoothly supplied to each sliding part using a simple mechanism.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a closed type scroll illustrating an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view thereof, and FIGS. FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a conventional hermetic scroll compressor, and FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the meshing state of the scrolls. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Fixed scroll, 2... Orbiting scroll, 4... Shaft, 9... Block, 12... Suction chamber, 18... ... High pressure chamber, 20 ... Back pressure chamber, 24 ... Oil supply pipe, 25, 26, 27.28 ... Oil supply hole. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person/-
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Claims (1)

[Claims] A fixed scroll having a spiral wrap on the end plate and an orbiting scroll having a spiral wrap on the end plate are engaged with each other with their wraps facing each other, and the orbiting scroll makes an orbital motion so as not to apparently rotate relative to the fixed scroll. , which compresses gas, stores lubricating oil in the lower part of the sealed container, has a motor above the sealed container, and a scroll-type compression mechanism below, with one end serving as the oil supply mechanism. The oil supply hole leading into the lubricating oil passes through the fixed scroll, the orbiting scroll and the shaft, and due to the differential pressure between the high pressure chamber and the back pressure chamber surrounded by the back surface of the orbiting scroll and a block and the centrifugal pump action of the shaft, A scroll compressor characterized by supplying lubricating oil to each sliding part.