CN1726270A - Soil stabilizer carrier - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for applying PAM to soil wherein said PAM is intermixed, impregnated and/or applied to solid carriers.

Description

The carrier of soil stabilizer

Related application

The present invention is the US patent application No.10/271 that submitted on October 15th, 2002,072 sequential portion application.

Invention field

The present invention relates to a kind ofly with soil stabilizer, be applied to the method for soil such as polyacrylamide, wherein solid carrier is sneaked into, flooded and/or be applied to soil stabilizer.

Background of invention

For various agricultural purposes, advised water miscible polyacrylamide (PAMs) as soil improvement agent.Usually the water-soluble polymers that is described to polyacrylamide (PAMs) shows various useful soil improvement performances, and this comprises makes moisture content run off, corrode and the crust minimum, makes Soil structure stable, and nutrition and microorganism are cemented in the soil.

Since the later stage 1980s, people are for water-soluble polymers has been produced interest again as soil improvement agent.Although since nineteen forties, PAM is used as soil conditioner always, and has been used to since nineteen fifties in the agricultural,, employed PAM kind and applying method are inequality.They are applied to soil with height ratio, and are added into table soil by the arable land.

Except present concern is used as negatively charged ion PAMs the soil redeposition, they also are widely used in other purposes.PAMs is used in processing, oil manufacturing, papermaking, water treatment, food-processing and other the various application of mineral and coal.

Polyacrylamide is a kind of synthetic water-soluble polymers of being made by the monomer of acrylamide.It makes the particle in the solid combine with the pears ditch (furrow) of irrigation, makes particle become big, thereby making that water is more difficult goes out Li Gou with it.

Before nutrition and harmful microorganism ran off from soil and flow to pond, lake, brook, river and/or underground water, the polyacrylamide amine compound can be controlled it.In irrigating loss, PAM helps to keep nutrition, does not flow away from the farm such as nitrogen in the fertilizer and phosphorus.Similar is that PAM helps to suppress to cause the microorganism of disease, spreads out of the stable breeding scope or the raising circle of Farm House such as ox, pig or guano.

Three kinds of most common forms of PAM are dry granular, solid piece (cubes) and emulsion.Selected PAM applying method depends on the form of selected PAM.

When dried particle PAM is used for irrigation water, need to use pusher feeder metering system, and arrive before the pears ditch of irrigating, need carry out good mixing and dissolving completely at PAM.The dried particulate applying method of PAM can be: before arriving the pears ditch, directly be dissolved in it in irrigation ditch; Or utilize the method that is called as " piecemeal method " to be applied directly to Li Gouzhong.Piecemeal method (patch method) is that PAM is placed in the pears ditch at first position contacting place of water; Apply the length of about 3-5 foot along Li Gou, be embedded in the pears ditch or poured the pears ditch and cause effect minimum or do not have a risk of effect to reduce PAM.The piecemeal method has produced a kind of gel thick-layer on the surface of pears ditch, water has slowly dissolved PAM herein, and carries it and flow to the pears ditch.

For PAM is dissolved in the liquid aptly, suitable stirring must be arranged in irrigation canal.Be unlike in the water that dissolved sugar and salt are such quite apace, dissolve, need stir it up hill and dale in order to make granular PAM.If do not stir, just have the PAM bead and form, and bead can flow to the pears ditch in time, and hardly can be influential to the erosion of pears ditch.A kind ofly guarantee to make the PAM dissolved method that applies to be, the drop height type structure is arranged in irrigation canals and ditches, so that before arriving the pears ditch, increased the eddy current of water.It is that it is applied to the position that irrigation water at first contacts irrigation canals and ditches that another kind can reach desirable dissolved method.In concrete irrigation canals and ditches, tinned(sheet)iron or plate can provide competent eddy current.In the mud irrigation canals and ditches, the dam effect of drop height type is fine.

Utilize present applying method that PAM is applied to soil and have many known problems.The exsiccant prescription is easy to handle, but since its must keep dry to the avidity of moisture content.Dry substance is mainly used in the open channel application, is difficult to because material is entered in the water pipe.In order to reach best effect, the feeder of the loose material that is used to provide and deliver is placed on the upstream of irrigation equipment, and away from any splash water droplet.

When being exposed to humidity moisture content, the polyacrylamide particle is tending towards being adhered to one another, and falls into pipe, and the gambling plug then can take place.The flow rates of particle PAM is the 2-33 gram/minute, and this value depends on needed concentration in irrigation speed and the irrigation water.The small error in dipping of PAM can cause irrigating the greatest differences that flows into concentration in the water.For the feeder of exsiccant PAM, should consider to comprise: the dispensing speed of 1-35 gram/minute; But can be provided with fast in the field and pre-calibration or be easy to calibration; Be easy to carry persistent power supply.

For the piping system of sealing, recommend to use liquid formulations usually.Utilize squirt pump liquid directly can be pumped in the irrigation pipeline.Pipeline, help to make PAM to mix with water such as the eddy current in the bend pipe.Natural eddy current in 100 feet or longer pipeline may be enough to be used in mixing.But fluent material is difficult in outside the container and handles.In order to dispose anything that contacts with liquid PAM, conventional way is to utilize soil " to wash " to go out PAM.PAM can be bonded on the soil particle, thereby making to wash with water becomes possibility.

Liquid formulations also can be applied in the open channel application, and still, if do not use pump, then with in the fluid drips entry, the viscosity of liquid changes along with the change of temperature, thereby has changed the release rate of calibration.Container is not directly contacted with sunlight can weaken this problem, but can not eliminate this problem.

Can be directly calm tolerance is got liquid PAM and is made it to enter in the irrigation ditch or directly enter Li Gouzhong or enter wherein by pipeline or squirt pump.The same with this material of particle form, utilize the piecemeal method emulsive PAM (specific liquid PAM solution) can be applied in irrigation ditch or the pears ditch.Emulsive PAM needs quite violent stirring unlike this material of particle form, but still needs stirring to a certain degree to dissolve.Compare with this material of dried forms, emulsive PAM volume is bigger, but dissolution time is shorter, and is the unique PAM form that is applicable to sprinkler irrigation system, because can greatly reduce the danger of pipeline gambling plug.

The solid for mulation of PAM is set at the zone that eddy current takes place.The effect of water makes polyacrylamide be dissolved in lentamente in the mobile water.The unique channel that control is added into the quantity in the water is the placement location of control solid PAM and controls its residence time in water.The calibration of dispensing speed also is not determined, and therefore uses the method for repetition test at present.

PAM piece (or cubes) is placed in the wire basket at eddy current point place in the mobile irrigation canals and ditches usually.Wire basket need be fixed on the edge of irrigation canals and ditches, to avoid that this piece is poured in the irrigation canals and ditches.This piece dissolves lentamente, discharges a little P AM in water.In these three kinds of forms of PAM, the PAM piece may not can show liquid or the particulate state PAM in the pears ditch is irrigated, yet the PAM piece can be used for handling settling tank, quickening water clarification, and promotes flocculation.They also can be used to measure the loss zone that concentrate in the field, otherwise described zone can produce uncontrollable erosion.

In water, add polyacrylamide and obviously be different from other most of materials of interpolation.For example, if one glass of salt solution is added in 1 gallon the water and stirs, then salt solution can dissolve at short notice.But, when being added into polyacrylamide in the water, need eddy current to guarantee sufficient mixing.Do not mix fully, polyacrylamide can not dissolve immediately, and can form the PAM bead.At this moment, these beads can flow to the field, and can find that it floats to the pears ditch.Although not sure, when utilizing injection system, still can form bead really.If utilize central rotating shaft, sprinkling irrigation nozzle to apply PAM,, the gambling plug can take place then if PAM solution mixes badly.

Applying method depends on selected material.Granular PAM needs the pusher feeder metering system of some forms.Solid piece should be placed in the wire basket and be fixed on the sidepiece of irrigation canals and ditches, to avoid that this piece is dashed to the downstream.Can be directly calm tolerance is got to enter in the open channel or by squirt pump after the liquid PAM and is entered in the pipeline.

If liquid PAM or exsiccant PAM are added into open channel, then tapping point is maintained at apart from the position of 2 feet far away of flowing waters at least.Little water droplet can cause PAM in the reunion in exit with stop to flow.If the eddy current in the water causes splash, then remove feeder, so that water does not contact with container, perhaps make eddy current move to the downstream.

Another problem that need pay close attention to is the type of irrigating employed water.Because polyacrylamide contacts with soil particle and bonds together with them, water be diverted guide in the pears ditch before, contain a lot of sedimentary water and can cause settling.Usually, this can not influence the effect of PAM, and still, for load had extremely how sedimental ditch water in a canal, settling can be piled up, and flowing in the supply on restriction irrigation canals and ditches.This also be beneath pipeline the problem that must consider.The settling of piling up floats if ducted water viscosity is not enough, then pipeline restricted in flow system.Although the flow velocity of pipeline reduces, pipeline can not be gambled plug fully, because along with sedimental reduction, the internal diameter of pipeline and water viscosity increase.

When receiving the PAM of equivalent, different Soil structures can obtain different results with field slope.People can begin to enable the multiplying power of 10ppm, and the clarity can leave the field based on current the time increases or reduce concentration.

In order to obtain best effect, PAM is mixed up hill and dale with irrigation water.In an open channel, make water pass through at least one drop height type structure or some irrigation canals and ditches obstacles, so that water produces eddy current before entering the pears ditch turning to.In native irrigation canals and ditches, utilize the dam of drop height type then enough; In concrete irrigation canals and ditches, can utilize plate to produce eddy current.In some cases, produce drop, so that material thorough mixing in water.In gated pipe, the eddy effect of pipe generally can produce enough mixing in 2 to 3 tube stubs of beginning.If the pressure in the gated pipe is low relatively, then 3 feet or littler Krause Box can be used to produce the drop height type structure in pipeline.

No matter the PAM (dry substance, concentrated material or the stock solution that is pre-mixed) of which kind of form is applied to the farm, importantly, when being applied to the water source, PAM provide intensive to mix (stirring).Along with the increase of stock solution concentration, the stirring demand also increases, and in demand maximum described in the PAM application of using convection drying.Can provide stirring by utilizing near a plurality of fluid obstacles river fall and the injection point.For violent turbulent flow, before first siphon pipe is removed or opened, should allow the irrigation canals and ditches of 25-50 foot to carry out the mixing of stock solution, exsiccant PAM can need longer irrigation canals and ditches to mix fully.If the use gated pipe, then first length of the gated pipe after the PAM injection point should have one or two throttle plate, mixes to strengthen.Should not utilize the assorted cleaning sieve or the strainer of any kind to add PAM from the upstream.The heating of the water of stock solution has greatly been increased dissolving and the mixing of PAM.

In case water has arrived the end in field, then think the pears ditch has been handled once, and do not need other polymkeric substance to carry out described irrigation usually.In many cases, manufacturerss have been found that the PAM that applies water arrive field length 50% or still less the time, protect very abundant, rather than PAM when water arrives the end, field just so.Advantage is the erosion of having controlled the top layer, field, has reduced the deposit deposition of field bottom, and has reduced and apply cost.

Because polyacrylamide self can combine with soil at soil surface, therefore, after applying PAM, plant or the ditching canal can cause the reduction renderd a service.After plantation or ditching canal, apply PAM again and can disturb soil surface.In case after applying, PAM can not be effective for a long time in all seasons.But after initial the interpolation, in irrigation process subsequently, PAM can continue to provide the control of erosion to a certain degree really.Can determine that such as the gradient in soil type, field and the factors such as size of irrigation pears ditch current single applies the long-term effect of PAM.

The insufficient mixing of PAM can cause having applied highly enriched PAM in several pears ditches at first few in number, and in distance injection point pears ditch farthest the PAM quantity not sufficient.

For the injection of control PAM, use autotimer or liquid shut-off valve existing problems, because be difficult to predict exactly the time of passing forward of pears ditch.If pass the slow of time ratio expection, then the base section in field will can not handled by PAM.If the speed that the pears ditch is passed forward is faster than expection, then will applies than the more PAM of requirement, and the loss of PAM can take place in the water that runs off.

If in sprinkling irrigation, use PAM, then must pressurize, to guarantee before being injected to PAM in the fluid, discharging water outlet to pipeline.This scheme is guaranteed before water enters pipeline, PAM does not accumulate (can violate PAM like this and should not add this warning of entry) at irrigation pipe.That uses when the advantage of use PAM is irritated unlike the low-lying area when sprinkling irrigation is with the obvious advantage.Under some conditions, every mu is used the PAM of 2-4 pound can reduce erosion and increase infiltration during irrigation.But, favourable effect only sustainable one or twice irrigation.

Carry out the PAM processing by a small amount of spissated stock solution being sprayed into water source for irrigation.Have some phenomenons to show, directly the power interpolation is feasible, but this notion does not stand to test widely.

Only PAM is provided to sub-fraction soil via irrigation water, described soil has important effect in the physical process that erosion, compaction rate (packing) and crust form.

The PAM that applies by water has increased the gathering of soil, and has promoted reunion, it by the soil particle that makes exposure bond the more firm pears ditch that contacts.This has greatly reduced irrigates sedimental separation and transmission in the loss.By improving inner gathering combination and keeping surfaceness better, reduced the soil erodibility on soil and the water termination.PAM has also played the effect of sinking agent.It makes fine particle flocculation (forming piece to each other).If do not regulate irrigation, then can make upper end excessive moistening and/or lower end not have the situation in the entry even more serious.Most of states require agrochemicals (comprising native edge modifying agent, such as PAM) to satisfy the mark requirement in safe Hezhou.The PAM of mark is high molecular (the 10-15 1,000,000) compound of water-soluble anionic type (11-20%) at present, and it satisfies EPA and FDA is lower than 0.05% the monomer upper limit.Available PAM can be following several form: the dry powder or the particle that contain 80-95% activeconstituents (AI); The oil float that contains the phase inversion of 30-50%AI goes out liquid concentrate (PAM is dissolved in the water droplet that floats in the oil matrix); Contain＜the premixed PAM aqueous solution of 3%PAM.

Irrigating for the first time and when soil is subjected to the interference of traffic and/or plantation, should use minimum PAM.Labelled amount or other applied amount that is lower than this amount are considered to provide in whole season and corrode control completely.If applied PAM and do not have PAM in the water during in irrigation subsequently when irrigating for the first time, then for not processed irrigation, corroding that control and osmotic effect estimate can reduction about 50%.Therefore, when irrigating for the third time, almost no longer produce effect.For those crops that can reduce at midseason erosion nature, the result that natural erosion reduces has caused not needing to apply PAM.

Polyacrylamide (PAM) is the long chain molecule that is generally used for cleaning waste water.Up to now, the principal market of this compound is the municipal wastewater treatment facility.It makes the fine solid particles in the processed water to combine, and becomes enough big up to them, so that precipitablely come out or be filtered device to catch, obtains sewage sludge thus.

PAM seeks the broken edges combination of the clay particle that has negative charge and combines with it.By increasing the viscosity of field with the solid particulate of soil surface, PAM can make earth in the out-of-date shearing force influence that more is not subject to highly aggressive of current.This combination is called as flocculation.Flocculation is used to be described in the effect that forms the polymkeric substance of bridge between the one particle.When the part of polymer chain was attracted on the different particles and helps agglomeration of particles, bridge joint (bridging) had taken place.The flocculation agent load has charged active group, the electric charge of described electric charge meeting balance granules.Flocculation agent is adsorbed on the particle, and owing to bridge joint or charge balance cause unstability.Suspension (positive zeta-potential) reaction that anionic flocculant is common and positively charged.It when utilizing salt and oxyhydroxide this situation.Cationic flocculant can react such as silicon-dioxide or organic substance with electronegative suspension (negative zeta-potential).

The most frequently used polymkeric substance is those non-ionic polymers based on polyacrylamide.This result is that the bridge joint owing to polymer chain between the particle causes.By making acrylamide and acrylic acid copolymer, can give the polymer anion characteristic.By making acrylamide and cationic monomer copolymerization, can prepare cationic polymers.All polymkeric substance that obtain based on acrylamide have the ion monomer of specified quantitative, and described monomer can provide ion characteristic to a certain degree.They have specific molecular-weight average (being chain length) and specific molecular distribution.For every kind of suspension, negatively charged ion to a certain degree, positively charged ion or nonionic characteristic are useful.Usually, along with the increase of molecular weight, its inherent flocculation ability also increases.In all synthetic technical chemistry reagent, polyacrylamide has the highest molecular weight, and its scope is in 10-20 1,000,000 scopes.Other polymkeric substance demonstrates specific character, and can be used under given conditions.They are normally: polymine, polyamide-amide, polyamine, polyethylene oxide, sulfonated compound.

The PAM of anionic is the industrial flocculation agent that can be purchased off the shelf that is widely used in following industry: the dehydration of drinking water treatment, sewage sludge, the washing of fruits and vegetables and lye dipping, syrup and syrupy clarification, with tackiness agent and paper, animal-feed thickening material and suspension agent, makeup, papermaking, various mining and the DRILLING APPLICATION of Food Contact.

US patent 6357176 relates to soil and the less meadow precursor of grass-seed, and this precursor comprises the biology cellulose layer of fibers and the careless bud of nonwoven.This meadow prerequisite can be used to make the meadow of no soil, and this meadow can be used for making playground, golf court and lawn.Except biology cellulose, this layer of fibers also can contain other material.This layer of fibers can contain the fiber of other type, such as wood fiber or synthetic organic fibre.Wood fiber can improve fibrolaminar moisture holding capacity.The example of organic fibre comprises acrylic fiber, cellulose ester, synthetic chloroprene rubber, alkene, polyester, polymeric amide and polyvinyl alcohol fiber.The synthetic organic polymer can play the effect of tackiness agent.Layer of fibers also contains non-cellulosic polymer, such as glycan, protein, polyacrylamide and other water-holding agent.Existing patent has used polyacrylamide to increase fibrolaminar moisture holding capacity.

Patent US5900038 relates to substratum and manufacture method thereof.Substratum comprises smashing plant.Described plant is selected from knotweed, C4 plant and hemp and Dicksonia kind of plant, and is suitable as peaty surrogate.Can add additive in crushing process or afterwards, this depends on the end-use of substratum.The volcanics of polyacrylamide particle, clay pit mixture, grinding, bentonite, sand, waste paper, come from brown coal incendiary flying dust, brown coal waste and various chemical fertilizer and all be suitable as additive.The polyacrylamide particle makes this coverture have high water retention capacity, thereby has improved the substratum of this invention.Crosslinked gel polyacrylamide particle for example can be from Polyplant, and Xanten obtains with title Polywater-Aqua-Plus, and is particularly advantageous.The prior art patent uses polyacrylamide to increase obducent water retention capacity.

Patent US4337117 relates to and is not subject to fungi and other microorganism encroach and septic synthetic plate, and it is suitable in the structure of footwear and the mulsh paper etc.This material comprises the Mierocrystalline cellulose that is uniformly distributed in matrix or the tackiness agent and optional synthon (being formed by the equipment of making fiber); Can make the anti-septic metal quinolinol compound of material; Polymeric colloid, such as acrylic latex, by utilizing metal quinolinol compound, can make described colloid suppress the reunion of the synthetic chloroprene rubber tackiness agent that adds subsequently; Cationic polymers, it can be used as the retention agent of metal quinolinol compound in synthetic plate.Usually utilize paper technology to form anti-septic sheet material.Cationic polymers can be a polyacrylamide polymers.Polyacrylamide is used to make anti-septic sheet material.

Patent US5429741 and 5641458 relates to the method for handling slurry, and the cellulose materials of this method utilization processing and other material are such as the combination of tensio-active agent, stain remover, washing agent, polymkeric substance and/or organic polymer.Cellulose tablet and manufacture method thereof are also disclosed.They can be used to, and animal litters or straw mattress, food or fertilizer.Also disclose and float on second liquid or the absorption of first liquid wherein, remove and cleaning method, this method is utilized the sorbent material tablet.Employed typical washing agent comprises that emulsion is such as polyacrylamide in sludge treatment.The prior art is used the washing agent of PAM as sludge treatment.

Patent US5456733 relates to the technology of making new emulsion sheet, and described emulsion sheet is made by mix the water-soluble expanded polymeric composition granule that can form gel in the composition that forms this sheet by waste paper scrap.Formed emulsion sheet is being sowed and by water retting after and disintegration, thereby has increased the area that its ground covers, and discharge any nutrition that comprises or seed, and deposition has the polymer beads of water absorbing properties.

The present invention relates to make the method for the emulsion sheet of doing extruding, described emulsion sheet contains particulate state waste paper and swelling agent, can utilize simply to sow equipment and apply, and have the water absorbing properties and the water retention property of height.By with the water that applies or rainwater dipping, this emulsion sheet expansion, expansion and cracked, thus having increased the ground coverage and the surface covering of suction is provided, this coverture can stop the loss of moisture content and help to keep moisture content in the soil.Polyacrylamide has increased the water absorbing properties of this emulsion sheet.Cracked or the division of expansible flap has also increased obducent exposed area, and is convenient to make seed and nutrition to be released into soil, with germination and the growth of seed and plant in the promotion soil.

The most substantial feature of this method and emulsion sheet is: added swelling agent in containing waste paper particulate flap, described swelling agent comprises the water-soluble inflatable hydrophilic polymer materials that can form gel, and this material can adsorb a large amount of water.This method is almost most of to be made up of particulate state waste paper, and (weight can reach 10%) of containing minute quantity is used for the fit binder material of film forming water-soluble poly and weight and can reach 10% swelling agent, described swelling agent contains the expandable hydrophobic particle polymer materials of the water-soluble water that can form gel, and described species distribution is in whole flap.Emulsion sheet comprises a spot of fit binder material of film forming water-soluble poly that is used for, such as polyvinyl chloride and/or cellulosic binder material such as Walocel MT 20.000PV, to be used at the paper technology wood fibre that bonds.Main additive is with mixed uniformly water-insoluble, the hydrophilic polymer that forms gel of powder type.With delivery of composition to conventional pelleter and compressing tablet.Polymkeric substance for example is crosslinked polyacrylamide polymers or polyacrylate polymers.The prior art has utilized PAM the expansion character of flap to be had the characteristics of favourable influence.

Patent US6349499 relates to a kind of density sheet coverture product similar to the seed density of being cultivated, and it comprises the natural material of reuniting and being compacted, and the density of this material is adjusted in 50% scope of seed density.This invention provides wood fibre coverture product.Can add various additives in the starting material, such as dyestuff and pigment, germination auxiliary agent, chemical fertilizer and one or more tensio-active agents and/or absorbent material.Add tensio-active agent and can promote suction and water conservation fast.Can use water-absorbing material such as polyacrylic acid and other acrylate etc.In some applications, these synthetic polymers also can be used as tackiness agent, for example polyacrylic acid, polyacrylamide and the acrylate that makes preparations for sowing, vinylformic acid and acrylamide copolymer or trimer below.The prior art document utilization PAM is as the binding agent of coverture product.

Patent US6360478 relates to a kind of coverture product of Wholly-degradable, it has formed the multiporous fiber coverture matrix of mechanical adhesion, this matrix comprises natural fiber and the natural crimp fiber that can interlock, by producing the natural fiber that the curling technology of persistence waterproof obtains curling.

Can in whole fiber cover, be dispersed with the polymer-based carbon water-retaining agent, to increase obducent water-retaining capacity.The amount of polymer-based carbon water-retaining agent is about 5%-15% of coverture weight preferably.Water-retaining agent is powder preferably, such as powder based on polyacrylamide copolymer, and the adsorbable water that is multiple times than its weight of this powder.Water-retaining agent based on polymkeric substance then is scattered in the fiber cover, to increase its water-retaining capacity.The preferred blended that mechanically water-retaining agent is distributed to covers in the synthon coverture of fiber-curling.The prior art document utilization the beneficial effect of PAM to the coverture product.

Patent US5741832,5779782 and 5942029 relates to the hygroscopicity fibre coverture of mechanical adhesion, and this coverture comprises natural fiber and the synthon that curl, and described fiber is by uniform mixing, thereby is used to form the fiber cover of mechanical adhesion.Material based on water-absorbing polymer is scattered in the whole fiber cover, to increase its water-retaining capacity.Based on the amount of the water-retaining agent of polymkeric substance about 5%-15% of coverture weight preferably.Water-retaining agent preferably powder, such as powder based on polyacrylamide copolymer, the adsorbable water that is multiple times than its weight of this powder.Water-retaining agent based on polymkeric substance then is scattered in the fiber cover, to increase its water-retaining capacity.Water-retaining agent based on polymkeric substance then is scattered in the fiber cover, to increase its water-retaining capacity.Preferred water-retaining agent by mechanical dispersion in

In blended natural fiber-synthon coverture.The prior art document utilization the beneficial effect of PAM to the coverture product.

The none prior art utilizes solid carrier as a kind of mode that PAM is applied to soil.In the prior art, PAM is added in the coverture as tensio-active agent, water-retaining agent polymkeric substance, purpose is to change obducent state (coverture expands when being mixed with water), increase obducent size, so that coverture covers the seedbed better, to increase the ability of the more water of coverture absorption, thereby reduce the quantity of excessive water, and reduce the loss of water thus, and reduce the loss of soil thus, it bonds together coverture as binding agent, and has increased and can make it remain on the viscosity of appropriate location.

Summary of the invention

The present invention relates to a kind of PAM or other soil stabilizer are applied to the method for soil, wherein, solid carrier is accurately sneaked into, flooded and/or be applied to PAM or other soil stabilizer.This solid carrier can contain the organic and/or inorganic materials that can be used for soil.These materials can contain chemical fertilizer, soil improvement agent, soil redeposition and/or waste.Can make solid carrier by reuniting.An object of the present invention is to make solid carrier to become aggregate.Other term that is usually used in describing aggregate is to form particulate state and compacting, because they all relate to the increase of particle size.Solid carrier is as the delivery system of soil stabilizer such as PAM.Be metered into the solid carrier of soil by control, may command is metered into the soil stabilizer of soil thus, such as the quantity of PAM.The present invention relates to pass through conventional equipment any solid carrier that applies such as distributor.One preferred embodiment in, these industries comprise agricultural and gardening.PAM is difficult for being applied to soil.Usually apply via irrigation system or with its dried particle form at present.It is very low that known its applies ratio, therefore has a lot of challenges.

The present invention relates to PAM is applied to solid carrier, apply solid carrier, execute adding water to solid carrier, and PAM is leached in the soil from solid carrier to soil.Water can be this natural form of rainwater, or applies by the man-made derice.Water plays the effect of activator or catalyzer, and reason is when not having water do not have a kind of composition for soil and/or plant life a lot of value to be arranged.One of purpose of the present invention is that PAM is existed with the dry granules form.An object of the present invention is, solid carrier comprises mulch or chemical fertilizer.An object of the present invention is chemical fertilizer and/or soil improvement agent are added into solid carrier.An object of the present invention is solid carrier and comprise fibrous material.An object of the present invention is solid carrier exists with the form of flap, braid, sheet and/or the profiled member of particle, extruding.An object of the present invention is solid carrier.An object of the present invention is to allow solid carrier comprise chemical fertilizer.The microorganism that an object of the present invention is to allow solid carrier contain and can cause disease is such as animal fertilizer.An object of the present invention is to make solid carrier to be used to PAM is applied to soil, so that it contains coverture and PAM.An object of the present invention is Tai-Ace S 150 and/or calcium oxide are added in the solid carrier.The loss of phosphorus when these elements that add and PAM help to slow down soil erosion.

The present invention relates to soil stabilizer is applied to the method for soil, it comprises soil stabilizer is applied to solid carrier, and solid carrier is applied to soil.Water is applied to solid carrier, and then water can discharge soil stabilizer and enters soil from solid carrier.An object of the present invention is to make soil stabilizer be selected from the group of forming by following material: polysaccharide, acrylic copolymer and/or the sodium acrylate of xanthogenate, acid-hydrolyzed cellulose micro-fibers, chitin, gypsum, PAM, hydro-colloid shape and the arbitrary combination of above-mentioned substance.

An object of the present invention is to allow the weight of soil stabilizer less than 50% of solid carrier gross weight.

An object of the present invention is to allow soil stabilizer be selected from the group of forming by following material: polyacrylamide, polymine, polyamide-amide, polyamine, polyethylene oxide and sulfonated compound.

An object of the present invention is, utilize a kind of one-tenth divisional processing to cross the material that solid carrier contains in advance with soil stabilization performance.

An object of the present invention is, described material is from the washing of the dehydration of drinking water treatment, sewage sludge, fruits and vegetables and the clarification of lye dipping, syrup and liquid glucose, the tackiness agent that contacts with food and paper, animal-feed thickening material and suspension agent, makeup, papermaking, various mining and the DRILLING APPLICATION.

An object of the present invention is, solid carrier comprises mineral element.An object of the present invention is soil stabilizer and can make that mineral element is retained in the soil.It is essential that 13 kinds of mineral elements in the soil are considered to for the growth of plant.The amount difference of these elements is very big in the plant; Therefore they are divided into macronutrient, secondary nutrient and micro-nutrients, its content how much depend on the relative quantity that growth is required.Macronutrient is: nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.Secondary nutrient is sulphur, calcium and magnesium.Micro-nutrients is iron, manganese, boron, copper, zinc, molybdenum and chlorine.

The present invention relates to crosslinked polyacrylamide is applied to the method for soil, it comprises crosslinked basic acrylamide is applied to solid carrier.Solid carrier is applied to soil.Then water is applied to solid carrier.Crosslinked polyacrylamide can be discharged from solid carrier thus and enter soil.

The present invention relates to be used for crosslinked polyacrylamide is applied to the solid carrier of soil, soil comprises solid carrier and crosslinked polyacrylamide.

The present invention relates to soil stabilizer is applied to the method for soil, it comprises soil stabilizer is applied to solid carrier.Solid carrier comprises the particle of at least 25% diameter above 1mm.Solid carrier is applied to soil.Water is applied to solid carrier, thereby soil stabilizer can be discharged from solid carrier and enter soil.

Solid carrier can pass through multiple method of agglomeration, comprises that stirring reunion, pressurization reunion, liquid reunion and heat reunion prepares.Stir to reunite and to comprise following method: stir, mixing, granulation, compressing tablet, nodularization, modified and instant.Pressure is reunited and to be comprised following method: clamp dog, compacting, extruding, compressing tablet, mold pressing, manufacture tablet and etc. static pressure method.Liquid is reunited and is comprised following method: spraying drying, mist projection granulating, fluidized bed prilling, air prilling, reunion in liquid medium, oil aggregation and balling-up process.Heat is reunited and is comprised following method: sintering, sclerosis, nodularization, calcining, dried/cured, part vaporization/charing and compressing tablet.

Stir to reunite and to utilize following equipment: blender (star-like, conical, banded, aciculiform, roll shape, counter current type, vertical-type, slurry type, vane-type), discoid tabletting machine (disc type tabletting machine), roll-type tabletting machine and coniform tabletting machine.Pressure is reunited can utilize following equipment: roll-type pressing machine (roll-type block-making machine, roller type press), piston-type pressure machine/stamping machine, pelleter (circular die, dull and stereotyped mould), extrusion machine (zigzag system, bolt type, screen mesh type, basket), tabletting machine.Liquid is reunited can utilize following equipment: spray-dryer, spray tower, spraying bed/fluidized-bed, tablets press and the blender that is used for the oil phase reunion.Hot reunion can utilize following equipment: Dwight-Lloyd sintering machine, mobile stove, rotary kiln, shaft furnace and roller/belt flaking machine.

Can make solid carrier via the technology that size reduces, wherein, the particle size of material is reduced to littler.In one embodiment, solid carrier comprises the material that is not liquid or slurry condition.

An object of the present invention is PAM is anionic.An object of the present invention is PAM for neutral.It is cationic an object of the present invention is PAM.

An object of the present invention is before cultivating persistent vegetation, allow soil stabilizer reduce and on the gradient, use the requirement of corroding pad.An object of the present invention is, allow PAM increase the perviousness of soil.An object of the present invention is, PAM is bonded in soil, to increase fertilizer and the infiltration of water in soil.

An object of the present invention is to utilize soil stabilizer to improve the water permeate of soil, improve the ability of adsorption by soil water thus.An object of the present invention is to utilize soil stabilizer to improve the water permeate of soil, reduce amount and/or frequency that soil needs water thus.An object of the present invention is the caking and the crack that utilize soil stabilizer to reduce soil.An object of the present invention is to utilize soil stabilizer to improve the farming of soil.An object of the present invention is to utilize soil stabilizer as the anti-crustization agent in the soil.An object of the present invention is to utilize soil stabilizer to reduce the gullying of soil.

An object of the present invention is to make PAM to combine, to reduce the leaching of fertilizer from soil with fertilizer.An object of the present invention is to make PAM to combine, from soil, run off to reduce fertilizer with soil and fertilizer.An object of the present invention is to make PAM to combine, so that fertilizer remains in the soil with soil and fertilizer.An object of the present invention is, utilize soil stabilizer to reduce the erosion of soil, reduce the erosion of fertilizer thus, thereby reduce the consumption of fertilizer and every mu fertilizer expenses.An object of the present invention is, utilize soil stabilizer to reduce the water infiltration of soil, reduce the erosion of fertilizer thus, thereby reduce the consumption of fertilizer and every mu fertilizer expenses.An object of the present invention is, utilize soil stabilizer to keep nutrition in the soil, reduce the consumption of fertilizer and every mu fertilizer expenses thus.

By nutrient for plants is mixed with suitable soil-conditioning material, can be so that more nutrient for plants can be by target plant utilization, absorption.Because PAM combines nutrient substance and makes soil stabilization, so it has reduced the leaching and the loss of fertilizer.In fact, it has played the effect of PAM barrier for fertilizer, because it can make nutrient substance performance the best in the soil.PAM can promote soil that nutrient substance suitably is retained in the needed position of plant.

An object of the present invention is to utilize soil stabilizer to reduce loss and the leaching of microorganism in the soil.An object of the present invention is to utilize soil stabilizer to stop and contain the Sediment mobilization of nutrient substance, sterilant and other material.An object of the present invention is to utilize soil stabilizer to reduce loss and the leaching of microorganism in the soil.An object of the present invention is to utilize the soil stabilizer of Tai-Ace S 150 and/or calcium oxide.An object of the present invention is to utilize soil stabilizer to reduce fecal coliform and leaching and the loss of movement strep from soil.An object of the present invention is to utilize soil stabilizer,, control the agent of erosion thus by in position and make their Ionized keyed jointings increase particle size with soil fixing.

An object of the present invention is to utilize soil stabilizer to improve survival and the growth of plant.An object of the present invention is to utilize soil stabilizer to reduce the seedling-growing time of seed in the soil.An object of the present invention is to utilize soil stabilizer to improve the growth of plant root in the soil.An object of the present invention is to utilize soil stabilizer to improve the output in crops in the soil.An object of the present invention is to utilize the soil stabilizer that adds in the soil to gather in the crops and obtain cleaner root crop.An object of the present invention is to utilize soil stabilizer to quicken the maturation in crops.

An object of the present invention is to utilize soil stabilizer to increase the transplanting viability of shrub, tree and/or vegetables.An object of the present invention is to utilize soil stabilizer that plant is deeper taken root in described soil.An object of the present invention is to utilize soil stabilizer, plant period in advance by dry soil quickly.An object of the present invention is to utilize soil stabilizer to improve the quality in crops in the soil.An object of the present invention is to utilize soil stabilizer to increase seed germination rate in the soil.An object of the present invention is to utilize soil stabilizer to reduce soil media disease in the soil.

The present invention relates to improve the method for soil permeability, it comprises and utilizes conventional application devices that solid carrier is applied to soil.Solid carrier comprises soil stabilizer.Water is added in the solid carrier, can make soil stabilizer discharge into soil.

The present invention relates to reduce the method for the soil erosion, it comprises and utilizes conventional application devices that solid carrier is applied to soil.Solid carrier comprises soil stabilizer.Water is added in the solid carrier, can make soil stabilizer discharge into soil.

The present invention relates to reduce the method for fertilizer loss and leaching, it comprises that the conventional application devices of utilization is applied to soil with solid carrier.Solid carrier comprises soil stabilizer.Water is added in the solid carrier, can make soil stabilizer discharge into soil.

For various agricultural purposes, advised polyacrylamide (PAM) as soil improvement agent.Usually the water-soluble polymers that is described to polyacrylamide (PAM) shows the various useful performances of improving soil, and this comprises minimizes moisture content loss, erosion and crust, but and stable soil structure.The reduction that this usefulness can cause common fertilizer, sterilant and weedicide to run off.

PAM is a kind of long-chain synthetic polymer that works as toughener, and soil particle is bonded together.Water is difficult to make these massive soil particles to move.Compare with the irrigation that does not have polymkeric substance, the PAM that puts in the irrigation water has reduced the soil erosion more than 95% in the pears ditch.

The present invention can make that the user need be at field mixing PAM.PAM of the present invention can not block assorted cleaning sieve, strainer or narrow siphon pipe, because do not need these equipment.In addition, the invention enables the user can avoid handling the danger of dried enriched material.Method of the present invention has also been avoided the equipment of large volume, and described equipment is used to apply PAM in the prior art.Necessary large volume material solution when method of the present invention can not need large-area field or fltting speed to hang down; Need be by the solution in enriched material mixing field, and described mixing can spend the plenty of time and need specific equipment.

Method of the present invention has avoided liquid concentrate (oil-emulsion) prescription is directly applied to the shortcoming of soil.Utilize method of the present invention, utilize the equipment of sowing of standard to apply, and do not need complicated (comparing) process to obtain uniform dispensing speed with pre-blended solution.Method of the present invention does not need to add oil and the surfactant component that the crops is not had obvious beneficial effect.

In the present invention, although the PAM of any physical condition can be added in the soil,, preferred exsiccant PAM is because it enters solid carrier than the easier dipping of the PAM of other form.And exsiccant PAM can buy and store, and may be the most cheap a kind of among the various forms of PAM.In addition, when utilizing method of the present invention to apply PAM, application devices does not have the trend that gets clogged, and assorted cleaning sieve and strainer can not get clogged yet.The danger of when filling up machine, not choking because of suction PAM fine powder.If directly exsiccant PAM is administered to the field, then will has more PAM and lose, because dissolving control is poor from the field.And, to compare with the present invention, the distributing homogeneity when exsiccant PAM is directly added soil is relatively poor.The interpolation speed of PAM must be based on total irrigation flow velocity, the potential possibility of field erosive and needed injection concentration.

Need regulate the rate of application of negatively charged ion PAM mixture based on the type (being wind or water) of soil type, the gradient and erosion target compound.When negatively charged ion PAM mixture and other corrode object B MPs, plant felt when being used in combination such as seed and coverture or erosion, can be applied in the steep gradient.

Detailed Description Of The Invention

In one embodiment, crosslinked polyacrylamide is added solid carrier, then it is applied to soil.Then water is added in the solid carrier, thereby crosslinked polyacrylamide is discharged into soil from solid carrier.The superpower crosslinked polyacrylamide of adsorptive power is used in the application of several types, with the absorption aqueous solution.Polymkeric substance can be used to solidify any material based on water.These polymkeric substance have played the effect that stores water, and water arrives plant as required, thereby have reduced the impact of plant and the influence of arid.When being added into soil, the plant roots direct growth enters in the water swellable polymer, fetches water from stock's water as required.An example of this polymkeric substance comprises crosslinked polyacrylic acid potassium/polyacrylamide copolymer.

In one embodiment, soil stabilizer is added in the solid carrier, then this carrier is applied to soil.Water is applied to solid carrier, thereby soil stabilizer is discharged into soil from solid carrier.The example of soil stabilizer has: xanthogenate, acid-hydrolyzed cellulose micro-fibers, chitin, gypsum, PAM, hydro-colloid shape polysaccharide, acrylic copolymer and/or sodium acrylate and combination thereof.Shown that these glycan (xanthogenate, acid-hydrolyzed cellulose micro-fibers and chitin) can reduce the loss of soil.Glycan is the monose long-chain of glycosidic link bonding.Three kinds of main glycan are starch, glycosyl and Mierocrystalline cellulose, and they are made up of glucose.Starch and glycosyl play the effect of short-term energy storage respectively in plant and animal.Glucose monomer is by the glycosidic link bonding.These are Biodegradable polymerics, and they have the performance similar in appearance to water-soluble PAM.In an embodiment of the invention, these glycan are used as the surrogate of additive or PAM.

The gypsum that is used in combination with PAM is all very effective aspect reduction soil loss and current mistake.Total result shows, on the soil of cultivating, in time in conjunction with these surface treatment modes such as farming, coverture, awning, gypsum and PAM, be favourable and very effective for tackling the soil erosion aspect.In an embodiment of the invention, gypsum is used as the additive among the PAM of the present invention.

Guar gum is the natural glycan of a kind of high-molecular weight hydro-colloid shape, and it is formed by the glycosidic link bonding by galactoside and mannosans unit, chemically it can be described as polygalactomannan.It is often used as soil stabilizer for many years.It is that white yellow is to the yellow-white powder.It is dissolved in cold water or the hot water, and forms full-bodied mucus.In an embodiment of the invention, guar gum is used as the surrogate of additive or PAM.

Acrylic copolymer is often used as soil stabilizer.And sodium acrylate is usually with water miscible PAM combination and be used as soil stabilizer.Acrylate (salt) is acrylic acid salt or ester.In an embodiment of the invention, they are used as the surrogate of additive or PAM.

In one embodiment, soil stabilizer is added in the solid carrier, wherein solid carrier comprises the particle that surpasses 1mm at least about 25% diameter.Solid carrier is applied to soil.Then water is applied to solid carrier, thereby soil stabilizer can be discharged from solid carrier and enter soil.When utilizing polymkeric substance and chemical fertilizer, soil improvement agent, mulch and vehicle treated, particle size is influential, because it influences reaction, granulation and the process operation of soil and mixes, stores, handles and apply performance.Usually, particle size is more little, and its dissolved speed is fast more.Before about 1950, nearly all fertilizer is manufactured into thinner powder or little crystal grain relatively.The result is, fertilizer powdery normally when handling, and in heaps or be very easy to form hard cake when in bag, storing.The growth of particle (reunion) causes greatly having improved storage, handle and having applied performance.This growth has also promoted the advantageous property of application devices simultaneously, makes it have the caking in better flowing property and the reduction particulate product.In the U.S., the typical size range of particulate state fertilizer product is about 1-3.35mm.In Europe and Japanese, size is the scope of 2-4mm normally.In preferred embodiment, the size range of solid carrier is about 30 orders of about 5/16-(0.234 inches or 600 microns).

In an embodiment of the invention, solid carrier is to utilize the coverture of making based on the product of paper fiber, and it can be moist and be impregnated with PAM.In another embodiment, coverture can be impregnated with soil improvement agent and toughener.Can utilize blender to make this coverture, preferably the aciculiform blender still also can be the blender of plate-like tabletting machine, slurry formula blender, roll-type tablets press or other type.Preferably include by product in the paper-making process based on the product of paper fiber.Can use sewage sludge to produce the coverture of reinforcement and do not produce the paper fiber.

Below be how to utilize the pivot blender to make the embodiment of solid carrier of the present invention (cultivating the coverture of seed).

Embodiment

Pivot blender (pin mixer):

In the pivot blender, when will radially extend be pivotally mounted on the high speed center rotor axle time, in an immobilized cylindrical housings, on the liquid-containing binder of material and splash, produced whipping force, thereby reunion taken place.Consequent stirring caused densification.

Pivot equipment:

Several dissimilar pivot blenders have been tested, to be identified for making obducent best pivot equipment.Double-screw type pivot equipment causes having produced more uniform round sheet thing.Inner casing length and diameter are respectively 23 inches and 6 inches.The size of axle and pivot is: diameter is that 2 inches axle and length is 2 inches pivots.Found that and change the size that rotating speed (rpm) can influence flap.Gather way and then reduced particle size.Found when the pivot blender is set at 650RPM, can cause product to be of a size of the product composition of (6 ,+16) basically by two ends.This material production shell, but amperage does not increase.By the pivot blender coverture is reunited easily, and the size and dimension of the product that obtains is even.

Retention time:

Carried out the test of definite coverture retention time.In the time of 2 seconds, begin to discharge material and end in the time of 23 seconds.Most of material require spent for 8 seconds.Little particle retention time is short, and big particle retention time is longer.

Pin formula mixing tank: the feed rate of material

The l Water Paper of pulverizing

Add l Water Paper with 33 Pounds Per Hours speed, but product is inhomogeneous and it is circular not to be, so feed rate is reduced to 200 Pounds Per Hours.Under this speed, obtained uniform product.The preferred speed of using 200 Pounds Per Hours, still, surplus 200-300 Pounds Per Hour speed also is acceptable.L Water Paper passes through screw feeder.3 " material feeder is the most consistent.

PAM：

Dried particle speed with 6 Pounds Per Hours is metered into PAM in the pivot blender.Receive uniform product with this speed, PAM is impregnated in the mulch particle gradually.

Water:

36 Pounds Per Hours water are metered in the pivot blender.

Percentage of moisture in the paper is 52.3% water.When the mud that will wet with 200 Pounds Per Hours speed adds the pivot blender, introduce moisture content with 140.6 Pounds Per Hours sums.

NPK：

With 28 Pounds Per Hours speed nitrogen phosphorus potassium toughener is added in the pivot blender.Need vibratory feeder to carry out feed under this lower velocity.Before adding the feeder hopper, fertilizer must be sieved.

The coating cylinder of the coverture tablet that is used to wet

With the manual cylinder of putting into of wet coverture tablet.This cylinder can not have problems because of variable low or high adding speed.Rotary drum dryer defines the input speed that applies cylinder.The major part (＞90%) of reuniting occurs in the pivot blender.Because sending into the material that applies in the cylinder is the flap form, therefore, material is easy to be rolled.

Moisture eliminator:

The air themperature at entrance and exit place is respectively 100 Du Huashi temperature and 180F.Under these conditions, the material outlet temperature range that sample had is a 150-175 Du Huashi temperature, and water content is 2.5%.

Sieve analysis:

Utilize screen cloth to carry out sieve analysis.The quota of two ends size is the 6-16 sieve mesh.Carry out continuous three hours manufacturing, dried and screened.Finally obtained ading up to 300 pounds material; 206 pounds (68.7%) are qualified, and too small account for 17.7%, and 41 pounds scantling excessive (13.7%).

Utilize the conventional machine of sowing to apply coverture.Set ideal and applied speed, and reached 11/2 inch opening.Apply multiplying power with 50 pounds/1000 square feet these ideals and apply this product.

Embodiment 2

In the test that carry out in the laboratory, utilize PAM to flood fertiliser granulates (DAP) with 43: 1 multiplying power.Accurately measure starting material, and do particle form with in it adding ammonizator-tablets press with the PAM of metering.This tablets press successfully makes final solid carrier reunite.Follow the screen cloth of solid carrier is dry and the certain order number of mistake.Then utilize conventional drop height type seeding device that solid carrier is metered into to mud coal carrier (turf stand).Add in solid carrier after the entry, successfully the nutrient substance that will accurately measure and PAM are applied to the mud coal carrier.

Claims (87)

1. one kind is applied to the method for soil with soil stabilizer, and it comprises:

Described soil stabilizer is applied to solid carrier;

Described solid carrier is applied to described soil;

Water is applied to described solid carrier;

Described soil stabilizer is discharged from described solid carrier and enter described soil.

2. the process of claim 1 wherein that the ratio of the described solid carrier by being metered into described soil controls the amount of the soil stabilizer that is metered into described soil.

3. the process of claim 1 wherein by the equipment of routine, described solid carrier is applied to described soil such as seeding device.

4. the process of claim 1 wherein that described water is from rainwater.

5. the process of claim 1 wherein that described water is provided by the user.

6. the method for claim 1 also comprises: fertilizer and/or soil improvement agent are added in the described solid carrier.

7. the process of claim 1 wherein that described solid carrier comprises fibrous material.

8. the process of claim 1 wherein that described solid carrier also comprises seed.

9. the method for claim 1 also comprises sterilant and herbicide are added in the described solid carrier.

10. the process of claim 1 wherein that described solid carrier is an aggregate.

11. the process of claim 1 wherein that the weight of described soil stabilizer accounts for below 50% of solid carrier gross weight.

12. the process of claim 1 wherein that described solid carrier exists with the form of flap, wrought mat, thin slice and/or the profiled member of particle, extruding.

13. the process of claim 1 wherein that described solid carrier comprises fertilizer.

14. the process of claim 1 wherein that described solid carrier comprises that also the microorganism that produces disease is such as animal fertilizer.

15. the process of claim 1 wherein that described solid carrier also comprises Tai-Ace S 150 and/or calcium oxide.

16. the process of claim 1 wherein that soil stabilizer is selected from the group of being made up of following material: polysaccharide, acrylic copolymer and/or the sodium acrylate of xanthogenate, acid-hydrolyzed cellulose micro-fibers, chitin, gypsum, PAM, hydro-colloid shape and the arbitrary combination of above-mentioned substance.

17. the process of claim 1 wherein that soil stabilizer is selected from the group of being made up of following material: polyacrylamide, polymine, polyamide-amide, polyamine, polyethylene oxide and sulfonated compound.

18. the process of claim 1 wherein that described solid carrier comprises a kind of material that has utilized in advance one-tenth divisional processing with soil stabilization performance to cross.

19. the process of claim 1 wherein described material from the washing of the dehydration of drinking water treatment, sewage sludge, fruits and vegetables and lye dipping, syrup and syrupy clarification, with tackiness agent and paper, animal-feed thickening material and suspension agent, makeup, papermaking, various mining and the DRILLING APPLICATION of Food Contact.

20. one kind is applied to the method for soil with soil stabilizer, this method comprises:

Described soil stabilizer is applied to solid carrier, and described solid carrier comprises the particle of about at least 25% diameter above 1mm;

Described solid carrier is applied to described soil;

Water is applied to described solid carrier;

Described soil stabilizer is discharged from described solid carrier and enters in the described soil.

21. the process of claim 1 wherein that described solid carrier comprises mineral element.

22. the method for claim 21, wherein said soil stabilizer is retained in mineral element in the described soil.

23. one kind is applied to the method for soil with crosslinked polyacrylamide, this method comprises:

Crosslinked polyacrylamide is applied to solid carrier,

Described solid carrier is applied to soil;

Water is applied to described solid carrier;

Described crosslinked polyacrylamide is discharged from described solid carrier and enters in the described soil.

24. a solid carrier that is used for crosslinked polyacrylamide is applied to soil, it comprises solid carrier and crosslinked polyacrylamide.

25. the method for claim 16, wherein said PAM is an anionic.

26. the method for claim 16, wherein said PAM is a neutral.

27. the method for claim 16, wherein said PAM is cationic.

28. the process of claim 1 wherein that described soil stabilizer has reduced the requirement of using the erosion pad before cultivating persistent vegetation, on the gradient.

29. the method for claim 16, wherein said PAM has increased the permeability of described soil.

30. the method for claim 16, wherein said PAM combines with described soil, thereby has increased described fertilizer and the infiltration of water in described soil.

31. the process of claim 1 wherein that described soil stabilizer has improved the water permeability of described soil, thereby improved the water-retaining capacity of soil.

32. the process of claim 1 wherein that described soil stabilizer has improved the water permeability of described soil, thereby reduced amount and frequency that described soil needs water.

33. the process of claim 1 wherein that described soil stabilizer has reduced the compaction rate and the crust of soil.

34. the process of claim 1 wherein that but described soil stabilizer has improved the farming performance of soil.

35. the process of claim 1 wherein that described soil stabilizer is the anti-crustization agent in the described soil.

36. the process of claim 1 wherein that described soil stabilizer has reduced the gullying of described soil.

37. the method for claim 16, wherein said PAM combines with fertilizer, thereby has reduced the leaching of the described fertilizer in the described soil.

38. the method for claim 16, wherein said PAM combines with fertilizer, thereby has reduced the loss of the described fertilizer in the described soil.

39. the method for claim 16, wherein said PAM combines with fertilizer, thereby described fertilizer is retained in the described soil.

40. the process of claim 1 wherein that described soil stabilizer has reduced the erosion of described soil, reduced the erosion of described fertilizer thus, thus the usage quantity of fertilizer and fertilizer expenses in having reduced every mu.

41. the process of claim 1 wherein that described soil stabilizer has improved the water permeate of described soil, reduced the aggressiveness of described fertilizer thus, thus the usage quantity of fertilizer and fertilizer expenses in having reduced every mu.

42. the process of claim 1 wherein that described soil stabilizer is fixed on nutrient substance in the described soil, thereby the usage quantity of fertilizer and fertilizer expenses in having reduced every mu.

43. the process of claim 1 wherein that described soil stabilizer has reduced loss and the leaching of the microorganism in the described soil.

44. the process of claim 1 wherein that described soil stabilizer has stoped contains the sedimental of nutrient substance, sterilant and other material and moves.

45. the process of claim 1 wherein that described soil stabilizer has reduced fecal coliform and leaching and the loss of ight soil suis from described soil.

46. the process of claim 1 wherein that described soil stabilizer is by with soil location and they are connected in the ionization mode come together to increase particle size, control the agent of erosion thus.

47. the process of claim 1 wherein that described soil stabilizer has improved survival and the growth of plant.

48. the process of claim 1 wherein that described soil stabilizer has reduced the seedling-growing time of seed in the soil.

49. the process of claim 1 wherein that described soil stabilizer has improved the growth of plant root in the soil.

50. the process of claim 1 wherein that described soil stabilizer has improved the output in crops in the soil.

51. the process of claim 1 wherein that described soil stabilizer causes gathering in the crops has obtained cleaner root crop.

52. the process of claim 1 wherein that described soil stabilizer has quickened the maturation in crops.

53. the process of claim 1 wherein that described soil stabilizer has increased the transplanting viability of shrub, tree and/or vegetables.

54. the process of claim 1 wherein that described soil stabilizer makes that plant roots is grown deeplyer in the described soil.

55. the process of claim 1 wherein that described soil stabilizer plants the date in advance by dry soil quickly.

56. the process of claim 1 wherein that described soil stabilizer has increased seed germination rate in the soil.

57. the process of claim 1 wherein that described soil stabilizer has reduced the soil media disease in the soil.

58. a method of improving soil permeability, it comprises:

Utilize conventional application devices that solid carrier is applied to described soil;

Described solid carrier comprises soil stabilizer;

Water is added in the described solid carrier;

Make described soil stabilizer discharge into described soil.

59. a method that reduces the soil erosion, it comprises:

Utilize conventional application devices that solid carrier is applied to described soil;

Described solid carrier comprises soil stabilizer;

Water is added in the described solid carrier;

Make described soil stabilizer discharge into described soil.

60. a method that reduces fertilizer loss and leaching, it comprises:

Utilize conventional application devices that solid carrier is applied to described soil;

Described solid carrier comprises soil stabilizer;

Water is added in the described solid carrier;

Make described soil stabilizer discharge into described soil.

61. one kind is applied to the method for soil with PAM, wherein PAM is accurately sneaked into, is flooded and/or be applied to solid carrier.

62. the method for claim 61 is wherein controlled the PAM amount that is metered into described soil according to the ratio that is metered into the described solid carrier of described soil.

63. the method for claim 61 wherein by conventional equipment, is applied to soil such as seeding device with described solid carrier.

64. one kind is applied to the method for soil with PAM, this method comprises:

PAM is applied to solid carrier;

Described solid carrier is applied to soil;

Water is applied to described solid carrier;

Described PAM is sweetened off from described solid carrier and enters in the described soil.

65. the method for claim 64 is wherein controlled the described PAM amount that is metered into described soil according to the ratio that is metered into the described solid carrier of described soil.

66. the method for claim 64 wherein by conventional equipment, is applied to soil such as seeding device with described solid carrier.

67. the method for claim 64, wherein said water is from rainwater.

68. the method for claim 64, wherein said water is provided by the user.

69. the method for claim 64, wherein said PAM does particle form.

70. the method for claim 64 also comprises: fertilizer and/or soil improvement agent are added in the described solid carrier.

71. the method for claim 64, wherein said solid carrier comprises fibrous material.

72. the method for claim 64, wherein said solid carrier also comprises seed.

73. the method for claim 64 also comprises sterilant and herbicide are added in the described solid carrier.

74. the method for claim 64, wherein said solid carrier comprises organic and/or inorganic materials.

75. the method for claim 64, wherein said solid carrier is an aggregate.

76. the method for claim 64, wherein said solid carrier is made by agglomeration process, and described technology comprises that stirring is reunited, pressurization is reunited, liquid is reunited and hot agglomeration process.

77. the method for claim 64, the weight of wherein said PAM accounts for below 50% of solid carrier gross weight.

78. the method for claim 64, wherein said solid carrier is made by method of agglomeration, and this method comprises: stir, mixing, granulation, compressing tablet, nodularization, modified and instant.

79. the method for claim 64, wherein said solid carrier is made by method of agglomeration, and this method comprises: clamp dog, compacting, extruding, compressing tablet, mold pressing, manufacture tablet and etc. static pressure method.

80. the method for claim 64, wherein said solid carrier is made by method of agglomeration, and this method comprises: spraying drying, mist projection granulating, fluidized bed prilling, air prilling, reunion in liquid medium, oil aggregation and balling-up process.

81. the method for claim 64, wherein said solid carrier is made by method of agglomeration, and this method comprises: sintering, sclerosis, nodularization, calcining, dried/cured, partial gasification/charing and compressing tablet.

82. the method for claim 64, wherein said solid carrier exists with the form of flap, wrought mat, thin slice and/or the profiled member of particle, extruding.

83. comprising, the method for claim 64, wherein said solid carrier cultivate the coverture that seed is used.

84. the method for claim 64, described solid carrier comprises fertilizer.

85. the method for claim 64, wherein said solid carrier comprise that also the microorganism that produces disease is such as animal fertilizer.

86. the method for claim 64, wherein said solid carrier also comprises Tai-Ace S 150 and/or calcium oxide.

87. a solid carrier that is used for PAM is applied to soil, it comprises solid carrier and PAM.