JPH0433327B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a spraying method for creating a plant growth base on a slope or the like. [Prior Art] The topsoil of slopes cut from mountains has been stripped away, so the soil is generally hard and low in nutrients, making it unsuitable for plant growth. Therefore, conventionally, a plant growth base has been created on this type of slope by spraying. In this case, soil, fertilizer, seeds, etc. are generally slurried with water and sprayed onto the target slope from a spray nozzle. The seeds in the sprayed plant growth substrate grow only by receiving moisture from the slurry and subsequent rainwater, and usually no subsequent artificial watering is performed. The water retention capacity of seeds has a great influence on seed germination and post-germination growth. From the point of view of the water retention capacity and air permeability of the plant growth substrate, it is considered appropriate that the soil has an aggregate structure. For this purpose, it is known to add an inorganic or polymer flocculant to a slurry for creating a plant growth base and then spray the slurry. That is, (1) Japanese Patent Publication No. 48-11604 discloses that a slurry-like vegetation base material and a flocculant are mixed and sprayed in a pipe, and (2) Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-74908 discloses that an inorganic flocculant is sprayed. While the agent is added into the slurry, it is possible to add a polymer flocculant immediately after it is ejected from the discharge port, as described in (3) Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 1983-
Publication No. 241826 discloses that a slurry, air, and a hydrophobic agent such as a polyacrylamide hydrolyzate are mixed and stirred in a stirring cylinder attached to the tip of the discharge port and then ejected. [Problems to be solved by the invention] As seen in the above-mentioned publications, adding a coagulant to muddy materials is certainly effective in improving water retention capacity and air permeability, but the water retention capacity is This is not necessarily sufficient, and therefore the germination and growth properties of the seeds are not necessarily good. In addition, when trying to dissolve a flocculant, especially a polymer flocculant, the dispersion solubility is generally poor, so a difference in concentration occurs between the vicinity of the stirring blade and other parts, resulting in an agglomeration effect after spraying. This results in insufficient portions of the data. On the other hand, if water-absorbing polymers, which have recently been used in disposable diapers, are used, the water-retaining ability of the growth substrate can be improved. However, when this water-absorbing polymer is added to a flocculant-containing mud material and sprayed, the water-absorbing polymer is buried in the soil particles, and the soil particles adhere to the surface of the water-absorbing polymer by agglomeration. As a result, the water-absorbing polymer eventually becomes restrained by the soil particles, and when the water-absorbing polymer spits out the water on the slope, it loses most of its ability to re-absorb water. The water-absorbing polymer does not perform its full function. In fact, in this type of plant, when drying occurs, moisture in the vegetation base is easily released, and even when re-irrigated after drying, the water retention capacity remains much lower than the initial water retention capacity. It turns out that it only shows. Therefore, the main purpose of the present invention is to improve the solubility and dispersibility of the flocculant, to facilitate liquid preparation, to improve liquid transferability, and to improve the water retention capacity of the growth substrate, thereby achieving an ideal aggregate structure. The objective is to provide a spraying method that shows the [Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention for solving the above problems involves dispersing flocculants and water-absorbing polymers in water while pumping muddy material containing soil through a hose. This method is characterized in that the added liquid is force-fed through a hose, and this and the slurry material are merged at or near the blow-off port, and the mixture is sprayed from the blow-off port onto the target surface. [Function] In the present invention, since a slurry material that basically does not contain flocculants and water-absorbing polymers (does not prevent small amounts of containing them) is prepared and dispersed, it is possible to achieve sufficiently uniform dispersion, and The liquid is delivered under pressure as it is to the outlet, so the liquid delivery performance is good. On the other hand, in order to effectively flocculate and aggregate the muddy material, it is important to rapidly and uniformly disperse the flocculant into the muddy material. For this purpose, it is essential that the flocculant be uniformly dissolved, and this problem can be solved by swelling and dispersing the flocculant and the water-absorbing polymer in water. As a result, the flocculant is well dispersed with the swollen water-absorbing polymer acting as a medium, and has improved solubility, making liquid preparation easier, and improving liquid transferability. In addition, since uniform dissolution is performed, the flocculant reacts well with the muddy material, and the amount of flocculant used can be smaller than when the flocculant is used alone. The water-absorbing polymer absorbs excess water in excess of that required for dissolving the flocculant, and starts absorbing water that becomes hydrophobic as the muddy material coagulates and granules at the confluence point at the outlet. ,
Water absorption continues even on slopes, eliminating most of the sagging that occurs when spraying. Furthermore, from a soil structure point of view, water-absorbing polymers are not buried in soil particles, but are instead interposed in the gaps between aggregates when soil particles are aggregated by a coagulant. As a result, the water-absorbing polymer retains moisture in the spray material and rainwater after spraying, resulting in a high water retention capacity. In addition, the soil particles have an ideal aggregate structure that shares small pores with high water retention and large pores with high air permeability, allowing sufficient water supply and aeration necessary for seed germination and growth. done to. [Specific Structure of the Invention] The present invention will be explained in further detail below. First, the method of the present invention will be outlined with reference to Figure 1.
Basically, two mixing tanks 1 and 2 are provided, and hoses 6 and 7 having pumps 4 and 5 in the middle are connected to the spray nozzle 3. Add soil 8, an inorganic soil improvement material, an organic soil improvement material, fertilizer, fiber, etc. to the mixing tank 1.
It is dispersed in water to form a slurry-like mud material 9, and this is sent to the spray nozzle 3 by the pump 4 through the rehose 6.
lead to. As the soil, natural soil such as black soil, red soil, sand, purified water cake, etc. are used. As the inorganic soil improver, mineral soil improvers such as perlite, vermiculite, and bentonant are used.
In addition, bark compost, peat moss, compost, etc. are used as organic soil improving materials. guest soil,
The inorganic soil conditioner and the organic soil conditioner may be used in appropriate combinations or singly. On the other hand, a flocculant, preferably a polymer flocculant 10, a water-absorbing polymer 11, and water are put into the mixing tank 2, and are swollen and dispersed to create an additive liquid 12, which is pumped through a hose 7 by a pump 5. and guide it to the spray nozzle 3. In this case, the polymer flocculant and the water-absorbing polymer may be sequentially added to the water, but preferably, they are mixed in powder form in advance and then added together with the water for dissolution and dispersion. Generally, polymer flocculants do not need to be completely dissolved in water, and only about 90% is sufficient, so preparation can be completed in about 10 minutes. The muddy material 9 and the additive liquid 12 are mixed together in the spray nozzle 3, and are sprayed from the outlet 3a onto the target slope 13, and a plant growth base 14 having an aggregate structure is granulated on the surface. . Incidentally, as the flocculant that can be used in the present invention, inorganic flocculants such as aluminum sulfate and aluminum chloride may be used, but it is preferable to use polymer flocculants because of their high flocculating effect. is polyacrylamide, its partial hydrolyzate, copolymer of acrylate and acrylamide, copolymer of 2-acrylamide-sodium 2-methylfuropanesulfonate and acrylamide, Mannitz reaction product of polyacrylamide, polydimethyldiallylammonium hydrochloride Examples include, but are not limited to, salts, chitosan obtained by deacetylation of chitin, homopolymers of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate or its quaternary ammonium salts, and copolymers of these monomers with acrylamide. As water-absorbing polymers, water-soluble polymers such as polyacrylates, polyacrylamide, starch-polyacrylnitrile graft copolymers, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyethylene oxide are polymerized in the coexistence of a crosslinking agent, or after polymerization. Examples include those made water-swellable and water-insoluble by crosslinking reaction. Alternatively, a cellulose-acrylonitrile graft polymer, a saponified product of an acrylic vinyl acetate polymer, or a saponified product of a polyacrylonitrile-based polymer may be used. In the present invention, the mixing weight ratio of the polymer flocculant and the water-absorbing polymer is 1:50 to 5:1, particularly 1:
The ratio is preferably 10 to 2:1, and it is preferably dissolved in water at 0.01 to 0.5% by weight. The (polymer) flocculant may be added in an amount of 0.5% by weight or less based on the solids constituting the slurry. Further, a water-absorbing polymer may also be added in an amount of 2.0% by weight or less based on the solids constituting the slurry material. The ratio of mud material to additive is preferably 1 to 10:1. The ratio of solids to water in the mud material is preferably 1:0.5 to 1:2. [Example] Next, the effects of the present invention will be clarified through examples. Example 1 As a polymer flocculant, a commercially available anionic polymer flocculant ``Himoloku SS-100'' was used, and as a water-absorbing polymer, a commercially available polyacrylate crosslinked product ``HIMOSUB #200'' was used. A mixture of 2 parts of a polymer flocculant and 2 parts of a water-absorbing polymer was added to 10,000 parts of water and stirred until the polymer flocculant was dissolved. Separately, the spraying soil slurry was adjusted. Its composition is a mixture of 2 parts seed (Italian grass), 4 parts fertilizer, 100 parts soil, 6 parts bentonite, and 6 parts bark compost. Measure 500 parts of this soil slurry into a household mixer, add 100 parts of the above-mentioned mixed solution of polymer flocculant and water-absorbing polymer, and stir in the mixer for 5 seconds. The Tsushiyu screen was placed in a container with a bottom and left in a constant temperature and humidity room at a temperature of 25° and humidity of 65%, and changes in its weight over time were measured. After 3 weeks, the plants were sufficiently watered again and changes in weight were monitored. Example 2 For 500 parts of soil slurry, polymer flocculant,
The same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that 200 parts of the water-absorbing polymer mixture was added. Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 1 was prepared by adding 200 parts of a solution containing only a polymer flocculant to 500 parts of soil slurry and performing the same operation as in Example 1. Comparative Example 2 100 parts of the polymer flocculant solution used in Comparative Example 1 was added to 500 parts of soil slurry, mixed with 0.5 parts of water-absorbing polymer and stirred, and the same operation as in Example 1 was carried out. Comparative Example 2 was obtained. Comparative Example 3 1 part of water-absorbing polymer was added to 500 parts of soil slurry, mixed and stirred, and 200 parts of the polymer flocculant solution used in Comparative Example 1 was added, and the same operation as in Example 1 was carried out. Comparative Example 3 was obtained. Table 1 shows the results of examining the weight change, which is an indicator of water retention capacity, in each of the above examples.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, the combined use of a water-absorbing polymer and a flocculant improves the solubility and dispersibility of the flocculant, improves liquid preparation properties, and improves liquid transferability. It is possible to create a plant growth base that reacts uniformly with the wood, has an ideal aggregate structure, and has greatly improved water retention and air permeability.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the method of the present invention. 3... Spraying nozzle, 8... Subsoil, 9... Mud material, 10... Polymer agglomerate, 11... Water-absorbing polymer, 12... Additive liquid, 14... Plant growth base.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 While the muddy material containing soil is pumped through the hose, an additive liquid in which the flocculant and the water-absorbing polymer are dispersed in water is pumped through the hose, and this and the muddy material are sent through the outlet. A spraying method for creating a plant growth base, which is characterized by merging at or near the area and spraying from an outlet onto the target surface.