CN115109593A - Synthetic method and application of plant biomass xanthate - Google Patents
Synthetic method and application of plant biomass xanthate Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for synthesizing plant biomass xanthate, which comprises the following steps: putting crop straw powder into a reactor, adding potassium hydroxide, uniformly stirring, spraying water, uniformly stirring, compacting and placing to obtain an alkalized material; slowly adding the alkalized material into the xanthating agent while stirring, and stirring to obtain a suspension; adding pasty magnesium sulfate solution into the suspension, stirring to generate yellow precipitate, continuously stirring, standing, and performing suction filtration to obtain crude biomass magnesium xanthate; and (3) separating the crude biomass magnesium xanthate from the organic solvent, washing with clear water, and performing centrifugal separation to obtain the biomass magnesium xanthate sylvite. The invention also discloses application of the biomass magnesium xanthate sylvite as a seed coating agent or a root dipping agent to passivate soil heavy metal. The invention provides a synthetic method of plant biomass xanthate and application thereof, the process is simple, the environmental pollution is small, and the obtained plant biomass xanthate can achieve the effect of efficiently precipitating heavy metal with small dosage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agriculture and forestry, in particular to a synthetic method and application of plant biomass xanthate.
Background
Heavy metals are continuously accumulated in soil by human activities, so that the soil quality is reduced, the heavy metals of crops exceed the standard, and the ecological environment is increasingly deteriorated. At present, the remediation of heavy metal pollution in soil can be divided into two directions: firstly, heavy metals are removed from soil, and the harm of the heavy metals is directly eliminated; secondly, the heavy metal is fixed in the soil, and the harm of the heavy metal is reduced by controlling the migration of the heavy metal. Based on the two principles, the current soil heavy metal treatment can be roughly divided into physical remediation, chemical remediation, biological remediation and other technologies. The chemical remediation is to control the migration of heavy metals in soil by directly acting a chemical reagent on the soil or by the adsorption and passivation of environment-friendly minerals, but both methods can effectively play roles only by fully contacting the reagent or the minerals with the soil, and the method has high implementation difficulty and large material consumption on the soil for planting crops in large areas and is often difficult to continuously utilize.
Xanthates have been known in the long-term practice in the past as xanthates for the precipitation of heavy metal elements. The substitution of-R on the xanthate by cellulose is cellulose xanthate, which is prepared by reacting cellulose in admixture with lye and carbon disulphide. The cellulose xanthate magnesium salt has chemical stability and ion exchange property, and after the cellulose xanthate magnesium salt exchanges with transition metal ions, the cellulose xanthate precipitate of the heavy metal has very low solubility and very high stability constant, so that the heavy metal ions can lose activity.
Biomass xanthate, which has very good properties for precipitating heavy metals, can also be obtained by replacing cellulose with plant biomass. However, although the existing method for synthesizing biomass xanthate by using aqueous solution can obtain the required heavy metal precipitator, the method causes serious water pollution and limits the wide application of the biomass xanthate.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defect of serious water pollution existing in the existing method for synthesizing biomass xanthate by using an aqueous solution, the invention provides a method for synthesizing plant biomass xanthate and application thereof, the process is simple, the environmental pollution is small, and the obtained plant biomass xanthate can achieve the effect of precipitating heavy metal with low consumption and high efficiency.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a synthetic method of plant biomass xanthate comprises the following steps:
alkalizing crop straw powder: putting crop straw powder into a reactor, adding potassium hydroxide, spraying water after uniformly stirring, compacting and placing after uniformly stirring, and carrying out an alkalization reaction to obtain an alkalized material;
yellowing of alkalized materials: slowly adding the alkalized material into a xanthating agent while stirring, and fully stirring under a ventilation condition to obtain a suspension;
suspension transformation reaction: adding pasty magnesium sulfate solution into the suspension, stirring to generate yellow precipitate, continuously stirring, standing, and performing suction filtration to obtain crude biomass magnesium xanthate containing potassium sulfate;
separation and purification: separating the crude biomass magnesium xanthate containing potassium sulfate from the organic solvent, washing with a little clear water, and performing centrifugal separation to obtain the biomass magnesium xanthate sylvite.
According to one aspect of the invention, the xanthating agent is a mixture of dimethyl sulfoxide and carbon disulfide, the volume ratio of dimethyl sulfoxide to carbon disulfide being 8-9: 1.
according to one aspect of the invention, the pasty magnesium sulfate solution is a mixture of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate and water, and the mass ratio of the magnesium sulfate heptahydrate to the water is 23-27: 1.
according to one aspect of the invention, the mass ratio of the crop straw powder to the potassium hydroxide is 1.5-2: 1.
according to one aspect of the invention, the mixture is stirred evenly and then compacted and left for 2-5 hours.
According to one aspect of the invention, the crop comprises one of sugarcane, corn, rice, canola, wheat or a combination thereof.
In accordance with one aspect of the invention, the aeration is sufficient agitation for a period of 4 hours.
According to one aspect of the invention, the centrifugation further comprises drying, wherein the drying comprises oven drying at 40-50 ℃ for 24 hours.
According to one aspect of the invention, the biomass magnesium xanthate potassium salt is used as a seed coating agent or root dipping agent for passivating soil heavy metals.
The implementation of the invention has the advantages that: the biomass magnesium xanthate sylvite is obtained by using crop straw powder as a raw material, potassium hydroxide and carbon disulfide as a yellowing agent, magnesium sulfate as a stabilizer and dimethyl sulfoxide and other organic solvents as reaction media and performing material yellowing through temperature-controlled stirring. The biomass magnesium xanthate is synthesized by using a non-aqueous solution system, the environmental pollution is small, the sulfhydryl structure has a very strong function of precipitating heavy metals, plant biomass macromolecules contained in the biomass magnesium xanthate have very good biocompatibility, and the biomass magnesium xanthate can be prepared into a seed coating agent together with other nutritional agents.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a method for synthesizing plant biomass xanthate according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing the yields of magnesium potassium biomass xanthate at different KOH additions in a plant biomass xanthate synthesis process according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph comparing the yield of magnesium potassium xanthate in plant biomass according to the method for synthesizing xanthate of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for synthesizing plant biomass xanthate comprises the following steps: alkalizing crop straw powder: putting crop straw powder into a reactor, adding potassium hydroxide, spraying water after uniformly stirring, compacting and placing after uniformly stirring, and carrying out an alkalization reaction to obtain an alkalized material; yellowing of alkalized materials: slowly adding the alkalized material into a xanthating agent while stirring, and fully stirring under a ventilation condition to obtain a suspension; suspension transformation reaction: adding pasty magnesium sulfate solution into the suspension, stirring to generate yellow precipitate, continuously stirring, standing, and performing suction filtration to obtain crude biomass magnesium xanthate containing potassium sulfate; separation and purification: separating the crude biomass magnesium xanthate containing potassium sulfate from the organic solvent, washing with a little clear water, and performing centrifugal separation to obtain the biomass magnesium xanthate sylvite.
Xanthan acid is a polar organic compound, has a density of 1.3-1.7g/cm3, is readily soluble in water and undergoes dissociation in water. The general formula of the xanthic acid is R-O-CS.SH. In acidic solutions, xanthic acid is very easily decomposed and oxidized in alkaline solutions. Meanwhile, the aqueous xanthogen solution is contacted with air to generate alcohol. Therefore, synthetic xanthic acid is more used in the form of xanthate (R-O-CS. SM). When the cation in R-O-CS & SM is magnesium ions, the chemical substance tends to be stable; when the cation is a transition metal ion, the salt is a hardly soluble substance corresponding to a sulfide of the transition metal ion.
The biomass magnesium xanthate sylvite is a chemical substance which can generate a precipitate with heavy metal and has good biocompatibility, and the chemical substance is used as a seed coating agent to coat crop seeds or used as a fixing agent for root dipping of crop seedlings, so that the chemical substance is directly contacted with the heavy metal to enable the heavy metal to precipitate before entering crops, and the heavy metal in soil can be prevented from entering the crops, thereby overcoming the harm of the heavy metal to the crops and improving the safety of the crops in a food chain. The prepared seed coating agent can intercept heavy metals in soil aiming at crops but not the soil, so that the dosage is small and the efficiency is high.
In practical application, the crops comprise sugarcane, corn, rice, rape, wheat and the like. The xanthating agent is a mixture of dimethyl sulfoxide and carbon disulfide, and the volume ratio of the dimethyl sulfoxide to the carbon disulfide is 8-9: 1. the pasty magnesium sulfate solution is a mixture of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate and water, and the mass ratio of the magnesium sulfate heptahydrate to the water is 23-27: 1. the time of thorough stirring under aeration was 4 hours. Preferably, the mixture is evenly stirred and then is compacted and placed for 2 to 5 hours. And drying after the centrifugal separation, wherein the drying comprises drying in an oven at 40-50 ℃ for 24 hours.
Crop straw powder, such as sugarcane, corn, rice, rape, wheat and the like, is used as a raw material, potassium hydroxide and carbon disulfide are used as a yellowing agent, magnesium sulfate is used as a stabilizer, an organic solvent such as dimethyl sulfoxide is used as a reaction medium, the material is yellowed by temperature-controlled stirring to obtain biomass xanthate, and the biomass xanthate is prepared into a seed coating agent or a root dipping agent together with other additives.
The following are specific examples.
Example 1
A method for synthesizing plant biomass xanthate comprises the following steps:
weighing 1kg of bagasse in a stainless steel reactor; adding 0.4kg of potassium hydroxide on bagasse, and stirring uniformly as much as possible; spraying 1.5kg of clear water on bagasse which is added with potassium hydroxide, turning over the materials, compacting and standing for 2 hours after the materials are uniformly moisturized, and carrying out an alkalization reaction; adding 5L of dimethyl sulfoxide and 0.6L of carbon disulfide into another reactor in a fume hood, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain a non-aqueous solution; slowly adding the alkalinized material into the non-aqueous solution while stirring, and fully stirring for 4 hours under a ventilation condition after the materials are added, wherein the non-aqueous system is in a light yellow suspension state; taking 2.5kg of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, adding 0.1L of clear water, grinding into paste, adding the paste into the non-aqueous system, stirring to generate yellow precipitate, continuously stirring for 2h, standing for 0.5h, and performing suction filtration to obtain crude biomass xanthate magnesium salt containing potassium sulfate; separating the crude biomass magnesium xanthate from the organic solvent, supplementing dimethyl sulfoxide to 5L of the separated organic solvent to dissolve carbon disulfide again, and allowing the obtained organic solution to enter the next reaction cycle; washing crude biomass magnesium xanthate containing potassium sulfate with a little clear water, centrifuging to obtain biomass magnesium xanthate potassium salt, and returning washing water to the process for preparing pasty magnesium sulfate.
In practical application, the separated organic solution enters the next reaction cycle, and the washing water returns to the process for preparing the pasty magnesium sulfate, so that resources are further saved, and environmental pollution is reduced.
Example 2
A synthetic method of plant biomass xanthate comprises the following steps:
weighing 1kg of bagasse in a stainless steel reactor; adding 0.5kg of potassium hydroxide on bagasse, and stirring uniformly as much as possible; spraying 1.5kg of clear water on bagasse which is added with potassium hydroxide, turning over the materials, compacting and standing for 2 hours after the materials are uniformly moisturized, and carrying out an alkalization reaction; adding 5L of dimethyl sulfoxide and 0.6L of carbon disulfide into another reactor in a fume hood, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain a non-aqueous solution; slowly adding the alkalinized material into the non-aqueous solution while stirring, and fully stirring for 4 hours under a ventilation condition after the materials are added, wherein the non-aqueous system is in a light yellow suspension state; taking 2.5kg of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, adding 0.1L of clear water, grinding into paste, adding the paste into the non-aqueous system, stirring to generate yellow precipitate, continuously stirring for 2h, standing for 0.5h, and performing suction filtration to obtain crude biomass xanthate magnesium salt containing potassium sulfate; separating the crude biomass magnesium xanthate from the organic solvent, supplementing dimethyl sulfoxide to 5L of the separated organic solvent to dissolve carbon disulfide again, and allowing the obtained organic solution to enter the next reaction cycle; washing crude biomass magnesium xanthate containing potassium sulfate with a little clear water, centrifuging to obtain biomass magnesium xanthate potassium salt, and returning washing water to the process for preparing pasty magnesium sulfate.
Example 3
A synthetic method of plant biomass xanthate comprises the following steps:
weighing 1kg of bagasse in a stainless steel reactor; adding 0.6kg of potassium hydroxide on bagasse, and stirring uniformly as much as possible; spraying 1.5kg of clear water on bagasse which is added with potassium hydroxide, turning over the materials, compacting and standing for 2 hours after the materials are uniformly moisturized, and carrying out an alkalization reaction; adding 5L of dimethyl sulfoxide and 0.6L of carbon disulfide into another reactor in a fume hood, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain a nonaqueous solution; slowly adding the alkalinized material into the non-aqueous solution while stirring, and fully stirring for 4 hours under a ventilation condition after the materials are added, wherein the non-aqueous system is in a light yellow suspension state; taking 2.5kg of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, adding 0.1L of clear water, grinding into paste, adding the paste into the non-aqueous system, stirring to generate yellow precipitate, continuously stirring for 2h, standing for 0.5h, and performing suction filtration to obtain crude biomass xanthate magnesium salt containing potassium sulfate; separating the crude biomass magnesium xanthate from the organic solvent, supplementing dimethyl sulfoxide to 5L of the separated organic solvent to dissolve carbon disulfide again, and allowing the obtained organic solution to enter the next reaction cycle; washing crude biomass magnesium xanthate containing potassium sulfate with a little clear water, centrifuging to obtain biomass magnesium xanthate potassium salt, and returning washing water to the process for preparing pasty magnesium sulfate.
Example 4
A synthetic method of plant biomass xanthate comprises the following steps:
weighing 1kg of bagasse in a stainless steel reactor; adding 0.7kg of potassium hydroxide on bagasse, and stirring uniformly as much as possible; spraying 1.5kg of clear water on bagasse which is added with potassium hydroxide, turning over the materials, compacting and standing for 2 hours after the materials are uniformly moisturized, and carrying out an alkalization reaction; adding 5L of dimethyl sulfoxide and 0.6L of carbon disulfide into another reactor in a fume hood, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain a non-aqueous solution; slowly adding the alkalinized material into the non-aqueous solution while stirring, and fully stirring for 4 hours under a ventilation condition after the materials are added, wherein the non-aqueous system is in a light yellow suspension state; taking 2.5kg of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, adding 0.1L of clear water, grinding into paste, adding the paste into the non-aqueous system, stirring to generate yellow precipitate, continuously stirring for 2h, standing for 0.5h, and performing suction filtration to obtain crude biomass magnesium xanthate containing potassium sulfate; separating the crude biomass magnesium xanthate from the organic solvent, supplementing dimethyl sulfoxide to 5L of the separated organic solvent to dissolve carbon disulfide again, and allowing the obtained organic solution to enter the next reaction cycle; washing crude biomass magnesium xanthate containing potassium sulfate with a little clear water, centrifuging to obtain biomass magnesium xanthate potassium salt, and returning washing water to the process for preparing pasty magnesium sulfate.
Example 5
A synthetic method of plant biomass xanthate comprises the following steps:
weighing 1kg of bagasse in a stainless steel reactor; adding 0.6kg of potassium hydroxide on bagasse, and stirring uniformly as much as possible; spraying 1.5kg of clear water on bagasse which is added with potassium hydroxide, turning over the materials, compacting and standing for 1h after the water is uniform, and carrying out alkalization reaction; adding 5L of dimethyl sulfoxide and 0.6L of carbon disulfide into another reactor in a fume hood, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain a non-aqueous solution; slowly adding the alkalinized material into the non-aqueous solution while stirring, and fully stirring for 4 hours under a ventilation condition after the materials are added, wherein the non-aqueous system is in a light yellow suspension state; taking 2.5kg of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, adding 0.1L of clear water, grinding into paste, adding the paste into the non-aqueous system, stirring to generate yellow precipitate, continuously stirring for 2h, standing for 0.5h, and performing suction filtration to obtain crude biomass xanthate magnesium salt containing potassium sulfate; separating the crude biomass magnesium xanthate from the organic solvent, supplementing dimethyl sulfoxide to 5L of the separated organic solvent to dissolve carbon disulfide again, and allowing the obtained organic solution to enter the next reaction cycle; washing crude biomass magnesium xanthate containing potassium sulfate with a little clear water, centrifuging to obtain biomass magnesium xanthate potassium salt, and returning washing water to the process for preparing pasty magnesium sulfate.
Example 6
A synthetic method of plant biomass xanthate comprises the following steps:
weighing 1kg of bagasse in a stainless steel reactor; adding 0.6kg of potassium hydroxide on bagasse, and stirring uniformly as much as possible; spraying 1.5kg of clear water on bagasse which is added with potassium hydroxide, turning over the materials, compacting and standing for 3 hours after the materials are uniformly moisturized, and carrying out an alkalization reaction; adding 5L of dimethyl sulfoxide and 0.6L of carbon disulfide into another reactor in a fume hood, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain a non-aqueous solution; slowly adding the alkalinized material into the non-aqueous solution while stirring, and fully stirring for 4 hours under a ventilation condition after the materials are added, wherein the non-aqueous system is in a light yellow suspension state; taking 2.5kg of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, adding 0.1L of clear water, grinding into paste, adding the paste into the non-aqueous system, stirring to generate yellow precipitate, continuously stirring for 2h, standing for 0.5h, and performing suction filtration to obtain crude biomass xanthate magnesium salt containing potassium sulfate; separating the crude biomass magnesium xanthate from the organic solvent, supplementing dimethyl sulfoxide to 5L of the separated organic solvent to dissolve carbon disulfide again, and allowing the obtained organic solution to enter the next reaction cycle; washing crude biomass magnesium xanthate containing potassium sulfate with a little clear water, centrifuging to obtain biomass magnesium xanthate potassium salt, and returning washing water to the process for preparing pasty magnesium sulfate.
Example 7
A synthetic method of plant biomass xanthate comprises the following steps:
weighing 1kg of bagasse in a stainless steel reactor; adding 0.6kg of potassium hydroxide on bagasse, and stirring uniformly as much as possible; spraying 1.5kg of clear water on bagasse which is added with potassium hydroxide, turning over the materials, compacting and standing for 4 hours after the materials are uniformly moisturized, and carrying out an alkalization reaction; adding 5L of dimethyl sulfoxide and 0.6L of carbon disulfide into another reactor in a fume hood, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain a non-aqueous solution; slowly adding the alkalinized material into the non-aqueous solution while stirring, and fully stirring for 4 hours under a ventilation condition after the materials are added, wherein the non-aqueous system is in a light yellow suspension state; taking 2.5kg of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, adding 0.1L of clear water, grinding into paste, adding the paste into the non-aqueous system, stirring to generate yellow precipitate, continuously stirring for 2h, standing for 0.5h, and performing suction filtration to obtain crude biomass xanthate magnesium salt containing potassium sulfate; separating the crude biomass magnesium xanthate from the organic solvent, supplementing dimethyl sulfoxide to 5L of the separated organic solvent to dissolve carbon disulfide again, and allowing the obtained organic solution to enter the next reaction cycle; washing crude biomass magnesium xanthate containing potassium sulfate with a little clear water, performing centrifugal separation to obtain biomass magnesium xanthate potassium salt, and returning washing water to the process for preparing pasty magnesium sulfate.
Example 8
A synthetic method of plant biomass xanthate comprises the following steps:
weighing 1kg of bagasse in a stainless steel reactor; adding 0.6kg of potassium hydroxide on bagasse, and stirring uniformly as much as possible; spraying 1.5kg of clear water on bagasse which is added with potassium hydroxide, turning over the materials, compacting and standing for 5 hours after the materials are uniformly moisturized, and carrying out an alkalization reaction; adding 5L of dimethyl sulfoxide and 0.6L of carbon disulfide into another reactor in a fume hood, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain a non-aqueous solution; slowly adding the placed alkalized material into the non-aqueous solution while stirring, and fully stirring for 4 hours under ventilation condition after the material is completely added, wherein the non-aqueous system is in a light yellow suspension state; taking 2.5kg of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, adding 0.1L of clear water, grinding into paste, adding the paste into the non-aqueous system, stirring to generate yellow precipitate, continuously stirring for 2h, standing for 0.5h, and performing suction filtration to obtain crude biomass xanthate magnesium salt containing potassium sulfate; separating the crude biomass magnesium xanthate from the organic solvent, supplementing dimethyl sulfoxide to 5L of the separated organic solvent to dissolve carbon disulfide again, and allowing the obtained organic solution to enter the next reaction cycle; washing crude biomass magnesium xanthate containing potassium sulfate with a little clear water, centrifuging to obtain biomass magnesium xanthate potassium salt, and returning washing water to the process for preparing pasty magnesium sulfate.
The results of comparing the yields of magnesium and potassium biomass xanthate at different KOH addition levels for the products prepared in example 1, example 2, example 3, and example 4 are shown in fig. 2 below:
as can be seen, the optimum amount of potassium hydroxide is 0.56 kg.
The results of comparing the yields of yellowing products with different standing times for the products prepared in examples 3, 5, 6, 7 and 8 are shown in FIG. 3 below:
as can be seen, the optimal standing time was 3 hours.
Samples of the biomass magnesium xanthate potassium salt prepared in example 1 were taken for isothermal adsorption experiments of heavy metal ions of Cu, Cd, Pb and Hg. The method specifically comprises the following steps: taking 1.00g (3 times of repetition of each sample) of the biomass magnesium potassium xanthate material prepared in the example 1, adding 100ml of 1000-5000mg/L heavy metal ion solution into a triangular flask, wherein the heavy metal ion solution contains Cd2+, Cu2+, Pb2+ and Hg2+, shaking uniformly, plugging, vibrating for 30min at 25 ℃, filtering, diluting the filtrate, measuring the concentrations of Cd2+, Cu2+ and Pb2+ in the diluent by using a flame atomic absorption spectrometer, measuring the concentration of Hg ions in the diluent by using an automatic mercury detector, converting the concentration into the concentration of heavy metal ions in the solution, calculating the respective adsorption quantity, and finally calculating the related physical quantity by using a Langmuir isothermal adsorption equation.
And (3) calculating the adsorption amount:
X＝(C0–C)×100/(1.000×1000)
x-heavy Metal ion adsorption amount (mg/g)
C0-initial concentration of heavy Metal ions (mg/L)
C-equilibrium concentration of heavy metal ions (mg/L)
Langmuir adsorption isotherm: x is KXmax C/(1+ KC)
X-heavy Metal ion adsorption amount (mg/g)
Xmax-maximum adsorption capacity (mg/g) of heavy metal ions
K-adsorption constant (L/g)
C-equilibrium concentration of heavy metal ions (mg/L)
Through the isothermal adsorption of biomass magnesium potassium xanthate on series heavy metal solutions, the respective adsorption amount is calculated, the adsorption series is fitted by a Langmuir adsorption isothermal mode, and the adsorption constant and the maximum adsorption amount of the biomass magnesium potassium xanthate on various heavy metal ions are obtained, and the table 1 shows.
Table 1 shows Langmuir isothermal adsorption parameters and maximum adsorption amounts of plant biomass magnesium potassium xanthate to Cd2+, Cu2+, Pb2+ and Hg2 +:
in practical application, the obtained biomass xanthate can be prepared into a pill coating material together with other additives, and the pill coating material can be used as a crop seed coating agent to coat crop seeds or used as a root dipping agent for root dipping of crop seedlings. In practical application, different crop seeds and the pelleting material are prepared into the pelleting seeds according to the proportion of 3:1-1: 0.5. Specifically, the pill coating material mainly comprises the plant biomass magnesium xanthate sylvite and a filling agent, is ground and then moistened by adding water, is mixed with seeds in a corresponding proportion and revolves, and meanwhile, an adhesive is sprayed to increase the mechanical strength of the pill coating. In the rooting process of the pill seed, the root system is protected by the plant biomass magnesium xanthate sylvite, the plant biomass magnesium xanthate sylvite directly contacts with heavy metal to enable the heavy metal to precipitate before entering crops, and then the heavy metal in soil can be prevented from entering the crops, so that the harm of the heavy metal to the crops is overcome, and the safety of the crops in a food chain is improved. The prepared seed coating agent can intercept heavy metals in soil aiming at crops but not the soil, so that the dosage is small and the efficiency is high.
The implementation of the invention has the advantages that: the biomass xanthate is prepared by using crop straw powder as a raw material, potassium hydroxide and carbon disulfide as xanthating agents, magnesium sulfate as a stabilizer, and organic solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide and the like as reaction media through temperature-controlled stirring to yellow the materials. The obtained biomass xanthate and other additives are prepared into a crop seed coating agent or a root dipping agent containing the biomass xanthate and capable of efficiently intercepting the heavy metal toxicity of soil, a nonaqueous solution system is utilized to synthesize the biomass xanthate magnesium salt, the sulfydryl structure of the biomass xanthate magnesium salt has a strong function of precipitating heavy metals, plant biomass macromolecules contained in the biomass magnesium salt have good biocompatibility, the biomass magnesium salt can be prepared into the seed coating agent together with other nutrients, the prepared seed coating agent intercepts the soil heavy metals aiming at the crops but not the soil, and the soil heavy metals are directly contacted with the heavy metals to precipitate before entering the crops, so that the soil heavy metals can be prevented from entering the crops, the harm of the heavy metals to the crops is overcome, the safety of the crops in a food chain is improved, and the dosage is small and high efficiency.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention disclosed herein are intended to be covered by the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A synthetic method of plant biomass xanthate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
alkalizing crop straw powder: putting crop straw powder into a reactor, adding potassium hydroxide, spraying water after uniformly stirring, compacting and placing after uniformly stirring, and carrying out an alkalization reaction to obtain an alkalized material;
yellowing of alkalized materials: slowly adding the alkalized material into a xanthating agent while stirring, and fully stirring under a ventilation condition to obtain a suspension;
suspension transformation reaction: adding pasty magnesium sulfate solution into the suspension, stirring to generate yellow precipitate, continuously stirring, standing, and performing suction filtration to obtain crude biomass magnesium xanthate containing potassium sulfate;
separation and purification: separating the crude biomass magnesium xanthate containing potassium sulfate from the organic solvent, washing with a little clear water, and performing centrifugal separation to obtain the biomass magnesium xanthate sylvite.
2. The method for synthesizing plant biomass xanthate according to claim 1, characterized in that the xanthating agent is a mixture of dimethyl sulfoxide and carbon disulfide, and the volume ratio of dimethyl sulfoxide to carbon disulfide is 8-9: 1.
3. the method for synthesizing the plant biomass xanthate according to claim 2, wherein the pasty magnesium sulfate solution is a mixture of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate and water, and the mass ratio of the magnesium sulfate heptahydrate to the water is 23-27: 1.
4. the method for synthesizing the plant biomass xanthate according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the crop straw powder to the potassium hydroxide is 1.5-2: 1.
5. the method for synthesizing the plant biomass xanthate according to claim 1, characterized in that the plant biomass xanthate is compacted and placed for 2-5 hours after being evenly stirred.
6. The method for synthesizing the plant biomass xanthate according to claim 1, wherein the crops comprise one of sugarcane, corn, rice, rape and wheat or the combination thereof.
7. The method of synthesizing plant biomass xanthate according to claim 1, wherein the time of thorough stirring under aeration conditions is 4 hours.
8. The method for synthesizing the plant biomass xanthate according to claim 1, wherein the centrifugal separation is followed by drying, and the drying comprises drying in an oven at 40-50 ℃ for 24 hours.
9. Use of potassium magnesium xanthate biomass obtained according to any one of claims 1 to 8 as a seed coating or root dipping agent for passivating soil heavy metals.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116041237A (en) * | 2023-01-20 | 2023-05-02 | 上海芳甸生物科技有限公司 | Method for synthesizing plant biomass potassium xanthate without residual liquid |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116041237A (en) * | 2023-01-20 | 2023-05-02 | 上海芳甸生物科技有限公司 | Method for synthesizing plant biomass potassium xanthate without residual liquid |
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