CN1711268A - 2-巯基取代的三唑并嘧啶、用于制备它们的方法、它们在防治病原性真菌中的用途以及包含所述化合物的试剂 - Google Patents
2-巯基取代的三唑并嘧啶、用于制备它们的方法、它们在防治病原性真菌中的用途以及包含所述化合物的试剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1711268A CN1711268A CN 200380103130 CN200380103130A CN1711268A CN 1711268 A CN1711268 A CN 1711268A CN 200380103130 CN200380103130 CN 200380103130 CN 200380103130 A CN200380103130 A CN 200380103130A CN 1711268 A CN1711268 A CN 1711268A
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- alkyl
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- alkenyl
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 183
- -1 2-mercapto-substituted triazolopyrimidines Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 title claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000003302 alkenyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 47
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- YWBFPKPWMSWWEA-UHFFFAOYSA-O triazolopyrimidine Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CC(C=2N=C3N=CN[N+]3=C(NCC=3C=CN=CC=3)C=2)=C1 YWBFPKPWMSWWEA-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 13
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
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- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000171 (C1-C6) haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000005913 (C3-C6) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001118 alkylidene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004765 (C1-C4) haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004648 C2-C8 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000882 C2-C6 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000026030 halogenation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005658 halogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004649 C2-C8 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004890 (C1-C6) alkylamino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004916 (C1-C6) alkylcarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000006700 (C1-C6) alkylthio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000006374 C2-C10 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005865 C2-C10alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003320 C2-C6 alkenyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004457 alkyl amino carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004670 alkyl amino thio carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004448 alkyl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004390 alkyl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005133 alkynyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005110 aryl thio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000000 cycloalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004473 dialkylaminocarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005553 heteroaryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005368 heteroarylthio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- CFHIDWOYWUOIHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomethyl Chemical compound O=[CH] CFHIDWOYWUOIHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001820 oxy group Chemical group [*:1]O[*:2] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002813 thiocarbonyl group Chemical group *C(*)=S 0.000 claims description 2
- QAEDZJGFFMLHHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoroacetic anhydride Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(=O)OC(=O)C(F)(F)F QAEDZJGFFMLHHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002538 fungal effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 abstract description 5
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 3
- 244000000004 fungal plant pathogen Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000004438 haloalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 3
- 125000006193 alkinyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 2
- 125000000262 haloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000001580 cycloalkinyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000004663 dialkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 23
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 16
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 13
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 13
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 11
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- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 9
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 9
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 7
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
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Abstract
本发明涉及式(I)的2-巯基取代的三唑并嘧啶,其中各取代基具有如下含义:L表示卤素、氰基、硝基、烷基、链烯基、炔基、卤代烷基、卤代链烯基、烷氧基、链烯氧基、炔氧基、卤代烷氧基或-C(=O)-A;A表示氢、羟基、烷基、链烯基、烷氧基、卤代烷氧基、烷基氨基或二烷基氨基;m表示0、1、2、3、4或5;X表示卤素、氰基、烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基或卤代烷氧基;以及R1和R2表示氢、烷基、卤代烷基、环烷基、卤代环烷基、链烯基、链二烯基、卤代链烯基、环烯基、炔基、卤代炔基或环炔基、苯基、萘基或5-至10元饱和、部分不饱和或芳族杂环,该环包含1-4个选自O、N或S的杂原子——R1和R2还可与它们所键结的氮原子一起形成5-或6元环,其中所述环被选自O、N和S的原子间隔,以及R1和/或R2可根据说明书被取代。本发明还涉及制备所述化合物的方法、含有所述化合物的试剂和它们在防治植物病原性真菌中的用途。
Description
本发明涉及式I的2-巯基取代的三唑并嘧啶和其盐,
其中各取代基定义如下:
L彼此独立地是卤素、氰基、硝基、C1-C6烷基、C2-C10链烯基、C2-C10炔基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C2-C10卤代链烯基、C1-C6烷氧基、C2-C10链烯氧基、C2-C10炔氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基或-C(=O)-A;
A是氢、羟基、C1-C8烷基、C2-C8链烯基、C1-C8烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C1-C8烷基氨基或二-(C1-C8烷基)氨基;
m是0、1、2、3、4或5;
X是卤素、氰基、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4烷氧基或C1-C2卤代烷氧基;
R1、R2彼此独立地是氢,C1-C8烷基,C1-C8卤代烷基,C3-C6环烷基,C3-C6卤代环烷基,C2-C8链烯基,C4-C10链二烯基,C2-C8卤代链烯基,C3-C6环烯基,C2-C8炔基,C2-C8卤代炔基或C3-C6环炔基,苯基,萘基或含有1-4个选自O、N和S的杂原子的5-10元饱和的、部分不饱和的或芳族杂环,R1和R2还可与它们所连接的氮原子一起形成5-或6元环,该环可被一个选自O、N和S的原子间隔和/或可带有一个或多个选自卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基和氧基-C1-C3亚烷基氧基的取代基,或者其中氮原子和相邻碳原子可通过C1-C4亚烷基链连接;
其中R1和/或R2可以被1-4个相同或不同的基团Ra取代:
Ra是卤素,氰基,硝基,羟基,C1-C6烷基,C1-C6卤代烷基,C1-C6烷基羰基,C3-C6环烷基,C1-C6烷氧基,C1-C6卤代烷氧基,C1-C6烷氧羰基,C1-C6烷硫基,C1-C6烷基氨基,二-C1-C6烷基氨基,C2-C6链烯基,C2-C6链烯氧基,C3-C6炔氧基,C3-C6环烷基,苯基,萘基,含有1-4个选自O、N和S的杂原子的5-10元饱和的、部分不饱和的或芳族杂环,其中这些脂族、脂环族或芳族基团对它们而言可部分或全部卤化或可带有1-3个基团Rb:
Rb是卤素、氰基、硝基、羟基、巯基、氨基、羧基、氨基羰基、氨基硫羰基、烷基、卤代烷基、链烯基、链烯氧基、炔氧基、烷氧基、卤代烷氧基、烷硫基、烷基氨基、二烷基氨基、甲酰基、烷基羰基、烷基磺酰基、烷基次硫酸基、烷氧羰基、烷基羰基氧基、烷基氨基羰基、二烷基氨基羰基、烷基氨基硫羰基、二烷基氨基硫羰基,其中这些基团中的烷基含有1-6个碳原子,和这些基团中的链烯基或炔基含有2-8个碳原子;
和/或1-3个下列基团:
环烷基,环烷氧基,杂环基,杂环氧基,其中这些环状体系含有3-10个环成员;芳基,芳氧基,芳硫基,芳基-C1-C6烷氧基,芳基-C1-C6烷基,杂芳基,杂芳氧基,杂芳硫基,其中所述芳基优选含有6-10个环成员,和所述杂芳基含有5或6个环成员,其中这些环状体系可部分或全部卤化或被烷基或卤代烷基取代。
此外,本发明还涉及用于制备这些化合物的方法,包含它们的组合物以及它们在防治植物病原性有害真菌中的用途。
6-苯基-7-氨基三唑并嘧啶类总体上由EP-A 71 792和EP-A 550 113获知。WO 02/88127公开了2-硫代三唑并嘧啶类。所述出版物中描述的化合物已知适于防治有害真菌。
然而,在许多情况下,它们的活性并不令人满意。
本发明的目的是提供具有改进的活性和/或更宽的活性谱的化合物。
我们发现,所述目的通过开头定义的化合物得以实现。此外,我们还发现了用于制备这些化合物的方法和中间体,包含它们的组合物以及使用化合物I防治有害真菌的方法。
式I化合物与在上述出版物中记载的那些化合物的不同之处在于位于三唑并嘧啶骨架的2-位上的巯基。
与已知化合物相比较,式I化合物对有害真菌具有增加的活性。
本发明化合物可通过不同路线获得。它们有利地通过使式II的亚砜与三氟乙酸酐(TFA)在由J.Fluorine Chem.(氟化学杂志)(1996),159和J.Het.Chem.(杂环化学杂志)(1988),1007已知的条件下反应而获得。
在式II中,各变量如对式I所定义,基团R的形式不那么重要;出于实践原因,优选C1-C4烷基,尤其是甲基,或未取代或被一个或多个基团Rb取代的苄基。
式III的砜提供获得式I化合物的替代路线。通过在由J.Het.Chem.(1990),839和Chem.Pharm.Bull.(化学与药学通报)(1976),136已知的条件下将砜基团用S2-或SH-亲核物替代,获得式I化合物。式III中各变量的定义对应于式II中的那些。
通常使用硫醇盐(My+)ySH或硫化物(My+)2/yS,其中M是y价的碱金属或碱土金属的阳离子或铵基团NR4 +(R=H或C1-C4烷基)。在该方法中,特别有利的是使用NaSH×H2O、Na2S或(NH4)2S,尤其是NaSH×H2O。
式I化合物还可由式IV的硫化合物获得。
载式IV中,各变量的定义对应于式I中的那些,其中基团R3为可脱除的保护基。出于实践原因,优选C1-C6烷基或未取代或被一个或多个基团Rb取代的苄基[参见Greene,有机化学中的保护基,J.Wiley & Sons,第195-217页(1981);J.Org.Chem.(有机化学杂志),
43(1978),1197;Tetrahedron(四面体)(2001),1897]。特别优选其中R3为苄基[IV.1]、对乙酰氧基苄基[IV.2]或对甲氧基苄基[IV.3]的式IV化合物。
式IV的硫化合物,尤其是式IV.1化合物到式I化合物的转化例如通过用碱金属,尤其是钠通常在碱存在下进行还原而进行。合适的碱尤其是液氨,其还用作溶剂。其它合适的溶剂为醚类如四氢呋喃,或醇类如乙醇或丁醇,或其混合物(参见:J.Chem.Soc.,Perkin Trans.I(化学会志,柏尔金汇刊1)(1977),1421;J.Org.Chem.(1991),6672;DE-A 35 45 124)。
另一种由式IV的硫化合物,尤其是式IV.1化合物制备式I化合物的路线包括使IV与路易斯酸如AlCl3于惰性溶剂中在由J.Chem.Soc.,PerkinTrans.I(1980),1029和JP 5-830 316已知的条件下反应。
IV中的保护基,尤其是IV.1中的保护基还可使用HF于溶剂如茴香醚中脱除[参见:Bull.Chem.Soc.Jpn.(日本化学学会通报)(1967),2164]。
IV中的保护基,尤其是IV.2中的保护基有利地在碱性条件下尤其使用碱金属氢氧化物或碱土金属氢氧化物如NaOH脱除[参见:J.Org.Chem.(1978),1197]。
IV中的保护基,尤其是IV.3中的保护基有利地使用2-氯亚磺酰基-3-硝基吡啶/Bu3P体系脱除[参见:Tetrahedron(2001),1897]。
制备式I化合物所需的式II、IH和IV起始物(其中X为卤素)由文献获知[参见:WO 02/088127]或可根据所引用文献制备。
其中X为卤素,尤其是氯的式I化合物(式I.A)为本发明的优选主题。
其中X为氰基、C1-C4烷氧基或C1-C2卤代烷氧基的式I化合物(式I.B)可有利地由其中X为卤素的式IV起始物(式IV.A)经由化合物IV.B通过下述路线制备。
其中X为氰基、C1-C6烷氧基或C1-C2卤代烷氧基的式I化合物(式I.B)可有利地由其中X为卤素[Hal],优选氯的化合物IV(该化合物对应于式IV.A)制备。
化合物IV.A与化合物M-X′(式V)反应,得到化合物IV.B。取决于待引入的基团X′的含义,化合物V可为无机氰化物或醇盐。该反应有利地在惰性溶剂存在下进行。在式V中,阳离子M不那么重要;出于实践原因,通常优选铵、四烷基铵或碱金属或碱土金属盐。
反应温度通常为0-120℃,优选为10-40℃[参见:J.Heterocycl.Chem.12(1975),861-863]。
合适的溶剂包括醚类,如二噁烷、乙醚并优选四氢呋喃;卤化烃,如二氯甲烷;以及芳族烃,如甲苯。
化合物IV.B到化合物I.B的转化在为上述化合物IV(尤其是IV.1-IV.3)描述的反应条件下进行。
其中X为C1-C4烷基或C1-C4卤代烷基的式I化合物(式I.C)可有利地由式IV.A起始物经由化合物IV.C通过下述路线制备。
其中X为C1-C4烷基的式I.C化合物可通过使式IV.A的5-卤代三唑并嘧啶与式VI的有机金属试剂偶合而获得。在该方法的一个实施方案中,反应在过渡金属催化下进行,如Ni或Pd催化下进行。
在式VI中,X′为C1-C4烷基,和M是y价金属离子,例如B、Zn或Sn离子。所述反应可例如根据如下文献中记载的方法类似地进行:J.Chem.Soc.Perkin Trans.1(化学会志,柏尔金汇刊1),(1994),1187,同前,1,(1996),2345;WO 99/41255;Aust.J.Chem.(澳大利亚化学杂志),
43,(1990),733;J.Org.Chem.,
43,(1978),358;J.Chem.Soc.Chem.Commun(化学会志,化学通讯)(1979),866;Tetrahedron Lett.(四面体快报),
34,(1993),8267;同前,
33,(1992),413。
其中X为C1-C4烷基或C1-C4卤代烷基的式I化合物(式I.C)还可有利地通过下述合成路线获得:
5-烷基-7-羟基-6-苯基三唑并嘧啶IX由氨基三唑衍生物VII和酮基酯VIII获得。在式VIII中,R为C1-C4烷基,尤其是甲基或乙基。使用可容易取得的2-苯基乙酰基乙酸酯VIIIa(其中X″=CH3),获得5-甲基-7-羟基-6-苯基三唑并嘧啶[参见:Chem.Pharm.Bull.
9(1961),801]。一些三唑VII可市购或可在通常已知的条件下制备。起始物VIII有利地在由EP-A 10 02 788已知的条件下制备。
以此方式获得的5-烷基-7-羟基-6-苯基三唑并嘧啶IX与卤化剂[HAL]反应,得到式X的7-卤代三唑并嘧啶。
优选使用氯化剂或溴化剂如磷酰溴、磷酰氯、亚硫酰氯、亚硫酰溴或硫酰氯。该反应可在有或无溶剂存在下进行。常用的反应温度为0-150℃或优选80-125℃。
X与胺XI的反应有利地在0℃-70℃,优选10℃-35℃下进行,并优选在惰性溶剂如醚类,例如二噁烷、乙醚或尤其是四氢呋喃,卤化烃,如二氯甲烷,或芳族烃,如甲苯存在下进行[参见:WO 98/46608]。
优选使用碱如叔胺,例如三乙胺,或有机胺如碳酸钾;还可使用过量式XI的胺作为碱。
作为选择,式IV.C化合物还可由化合物IV.A和式XII的丙二酸酯制备。在式XII中,X为氢、C1-C3烷基或C1-C3卤代烷基和R为C1-C4烷基。将这些化合物转化成式XIII化合物,并脱羧,得到式IV.C化合物[参见US 5 994360]。
丙二酸酯XII由文献[J.Am.Chem.Soe.(美国化学会志),
64,(1942),2714;J.Org.Chem.,
39,(1974)2172;Helv.Chim.Aeta(瑞士化学学报),61,(1978),1565]获知,或者它们可根据所引用文献制备。
酯XIII的随后水解在通常常见的条件下进行;取决于不同的结构元素,化合物XIII的碱性或酸性水解可能是有利的。部分或全部脱羧成IV.C甚至可能在酯水解的条件下进行。
脱羧通常在20℃-180℃,优选50℃-120℃的温度下在惰性溶剂中以及合适的话,在酸存在下进行。
合适的酸是盐酸、硫酸、磷酸、甲酸、乙酸、对甲苯磺酸。合适的溶剂是水;脂族烃,如戊烷、己烷、环己烷和石油醚;芳族烃,如甲苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯和对二甲苯;卤代烃,如二氯甲烷、氯仿和氯苯;醚类,如乙醚、二异丙基醚、叔丁基甲基醚、二噁烷、茴香醚和四氢呋喃;腈类,如乙腈和丙腈;酮类,如丙酮、甲基乙基酮、二乙基酮和叔丁基甲基酮;醇类,如甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丁醇和叔丁醇;以及二甲亚砜、二甲基甲酰胺和二甲基乙酰胺;特别优选的是,所述反应在盐酸或乙酸中进行。还可使用所述溶剂的混合物。
化合物IV.B或IV.C氧化得到式II的亚砜或式III的砜(其中X为氰基、C1-C4烷氧基或C1-C2卤代烷氧基(式II.B或III.B)或C1-C4烷基或C1-C4卤代烷基(式II.C或III.C))的反应通常在-40℃至60℃,优选-40℃至40℃的温度下于惰性有机溶剂中进行(参见:Synth.Commun.(合成通讯),
16,(1986),第233页及往下各页;WO 02/088127)。
合适的氧化试剂例如是无机过氧化物,如过氧化氢,或过氧羧酸,如过乙酸或过苯甲酸,尤其是间氯过苯甲酸。
反应混合物以通常方式,例如通过与水混合,分离各相和适当的话,色谱提纯粗产物而进行后处理。一些中间体和终产物以无色或浅棕色粘稠油的形式获得,所述油可在减压下和在适度升高的温度下提纯或除去挥发性成分。若中间体和终产物以固体获得,则可通过重结晶或溶解而进行提纯。
若各化合物I不能通过上述路线获得,则它们可通过衍生其它化合物I而制备。
若所述合成得到各异构体的混合物,则通常不必需要分离,因为在一些情况下,各异构体可能在使用后处理过程中或应用过程中(例如在光、酸或碱的作用下)相互转化。所述转化可在使用之后,例如在处理植物的过程中在处理的植物中或在需要防治的有害真菌中发生。
在上式中给出的各符号的定义中,使用通常为下列取代基的代表的集合术语:
卤素:氟、氯、溴和碘;
烷基:具有1-4、6、8或10个碳原子的饱和直链或支化烃基,例如C1-C6烷基,如甲基、乙基、丙基、1-甲基乙基、丁基、1-甲基丙基、2-甲基丙基、1,1-二甲基乙基、戊基、1-甲基丁基、2-甲基丁基、3-甲基丁基、2,2-二甲基丙基、1-乙基丙基、己基、1,1-二甲基丙基、1,2-二甲基丙基、1-甲基戊基、2-甲基戊基、3-甲基戊基、4-甲基戊基、1,1-二甲基丁基、1,2-二甲基丁基、1,3-二甲基丁基、2,2-二甲基丁基、2,3-二甲基丁基、3,3-二甲基丁基、1-乙基丁基、2-乙基丁基、1,1,2-三甲基丙基、1,2,2-三甲基丙基、1-乙基-1-甲基丙基和1-乙基-2-甲基丙基;
卤代烷基:具有1、2、4或6个碳原子的直链或支化烷基(如上所述),其中在这些基团中部分或全部氢原子可被如上所述的卤素原子替代,尤其是C1-C2卤代烷基,如氯甲基、溴甲基、二氯甲基、三氯甲基、氟甲基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、氯氟甲基、二氯一氟甲基、一氯二氟甲基、1-氯乙基、1-溴乙基、1-氟乙基、2-氟乙基、2,2-二氟乙基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、2-氯-2-氟乙基、2-氯-2,2-二氟乙基、2,2-二氯-2-氟乙基、2,2,2-三氯乙基、五氟乙基或1,1,1-三氟丙-2-基;
链烯基:具有2-4、6、8或10个碳原子和在任意位置的双键的不饱和的直链或支化烃基,例如C2-C6链烯基,如乙烯基、1-丙烯基、2-丙烯基、1-甲基乙烯基、1-丁烯基、2-丁烯基、3-丁烯基、1-甲基-1-丙烯基、2-甲基-1-丙烯基、1-甲基-2-丙烯基、2-甲基-2-丙烯基、1-戊烯基、2-戊烯基、3-戊烯基、4-戊烯基、1-甲基-1-丁烯基、2-甲基-1-丁烯基、3-甲基-1-丁烯基、1-甲基-2-丁烯基、2-甲基-2-丁烯基、3-甲基-2-丁烯基、1-甲基-3-丁烯基、2-甲基-3-丁烯基、3-甲基-3-丁烯基、1,1-二甲基-2-丙烯基、1,2--二甲基-1-丙烯基、1,2-二甲基-2-丙烯基、1-乙基-1-丙烯基、1-乙基-2-丙烯基、1-己烯基、2-己烯基、3-己烯基、4-己烯基、5-己烯基、1-甲基-1-戊烯基、2-甲基-1-戊烯基、3-甲基-1-戊烯基、4-甲基-1-戊烯基、1-甲基-2-戊烯基、2-甲基-2-戊烯基、3-甲基-2-戊烯基、4-甲基-2-戊烯基、1-甲基-3-戊烯基、2-甲基-3-戊烯基、3-甲基-3-戊烯基、4-甲基-3-戊烯基、1-甲基-4-戊烯基、2-甲基-4-戊烯基、3-甲基-4-戊烯基、4-甲基-4-戊烯基、1,1-二甲基-2-丁烯基、1,1-二甲基-3-丁烯基、1,2-二甲基-1-丁烯基、1,2-二甲基-2-丁烯基、1,2-二甲基-3-丁烯基、1,3-二甲基-1-丁烯基、1,3-二甲基-2-丁烯基、1,3-二甲基-3-丁烯基、2,2-二甲基-3-丁烯基、2,3-二甲基-1-丁烯基、2,3-二甲基-2-丁烯基、2,3-二甲基-3-丁烯基、3,3-二甲基-1-丁烯基、3,3-二甲基-2-丁烯基、1-乙基-1-丁烯基、1-乙基-2-丁烯基、1-乙基-3-丁烯基、2-乙基-1-丁烯基、2-乙基-2-丁烯基、2-乙基-3-丁烯基、1,1,2-三甲基-2-丙烯基、1-乙基-1-甲基-2-丙烯基、1-乙基-2-甲基-1-丙烯基和1-乙基-2-甲基-2-丙烯基;
卤代链烯基:具有2-10个碳原子和在任意位置的1或2个双键的不饱和的直链或支化烃基(如上所述),其中在这些基团中,部分或全部氢原子可被如上所述的卤素原子,尤其是被氟、氯和溴替代;
炔基:具有2-4、6、8或10个碳原子和在任意位置的1或2个叁键的直链或支化烃基,例如C2-C6炔基,如乙炔基、1-丙炔基、2-丙炔基、1-丁炔基、2-丁炔基、3-丁炔基、1-甲基-2-丙炔基、1-戊炔基、2-戊炔基、3-戊炔基、4-戊炔基、1-甲基-2-丁炔基、1-甲基-3-丁炔基、2-甲基-3-丁炔基、3-甲基-1-丁炔基、1,1-二甲基-2-丙炔基、1-乙基-2-丙炔基、1-己炔基、2-己炔基、3-己炔基、4-己炔基、5-己炔基、1-甲基-2-戊炔基、1-甲基-3-戊炔基、1-甲基-4-戊炔基、2-甲基-3-戊炔基、2-甲基-4-戊炔基、3-甲基-1-戊炔基、3-甲基-4-戊炔基、4-甲基-1-戊炔基、4-甲基-2-戊炔基、1,1-二甲基-2-丁炔基、1,1-二甲基-3-丁炔基、1,2-二甲基-3-丁炔基、2,2-二甲基-3-丁炔基、3,3-二甲基-1-丁炔基、1-乙基-2-丁炔基、1-乙基-3-丁炔基、2-乙基-3-丁炔基和1-乙基-1-甲基-2-丙炔基;
环烷基:具有3-6或8个碳环成员的单-或双环饱和的烃基,例如C3-C8环烷基,如环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、环庚基和环辛基;
含有1-4个选自O、N和S的杂原子的5-10元饱和的、部分不饱和的或芳族杂环:
-5-或6元杂环基,其含有1-3个氮原子和/或1个氧或硫原子或者含有1或2个氧和/或硫原子,例如2-四氢呋喃基、3-四氢呋喃基、2-四氢噻吩基、3-四氢噻吩基、2-吡咯烷基、3-吡咯烷基、3-异噁唑烷基、4-异噁唑烷基、5-异噁唑烷基、3-异噻唑烷基、4-异噻唑烷基、5-异噻唑烷基、3-吡唑烷基、4-吡唑烷基、5-吡唑烷基、2-噁唑烷基、4-噁唑烷基、5-噁唑烷基、2-噻唑烷基、4-噻唑烷基、5-噻唑烷基、2-咪唑烷基、4-咪唑烷基、2-吡咯啉-2-基、2-吡咯啉-3-基、3-吡咯啉-2-基、3-吡咯啉-3-基、2-哌啶基、3-哌啶基、4-哌啶基、1,3-二噁烷-5-基、2-四氢吡喃基、4-四氢吡喃基、2-四氢噻吩基、3-六氢哒嗪基、4-六氢哒嗪基、2-六氢嘧啶基、4-六氢嘧啶基、5-六氢嘧啶基和2-哌嗪基;
-5元杂芳基,其含有1-4个氮原子或含有1-3个氮原子和1个硫或氧原子:除了碳原子以外还可含有1-4个氮原子或1-3个氮原子和1个硫或氧原子作为环成员的5元杂芳基,例如2-呋喃基、3-呋喃基、2-噻吩基、3-噻吩基、2-吡咯基、3-吡咯基、3-吡唑基、4-吡唑基、5-吡唑基、2-噁唑基、4-噁唑基、5-噁唑基、2-噻唑基、4-噻唑基、5-噻唑基、2-咪唑基、4-咪唑基和1,3,4-三唑-2-基;
-6元杂芳基,其含有1-3个或1-4个氮原子:除了碳原子以外还可分别含有1-3个或1-4个氮原子作为环成员的6元杂芳基,例如2-吡啶基、3-吡啶基、4-吡啶基、3-哒嗪基、4-哒嗪基、2-嘧啶基、4-嘧啶基、5-嘧定基和2-吡嗪基。
亚烷基:具有3-5个CH2基团的二价未支化链,例如CH2、CH2CH2、CH2CH2CH2、CH2CH2CH2CH2和CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2;
氧基亚烷基:具有2-4个CH2基团的二价未支化链,其中一个价键经由氧原子与骨架连接,例如OCH2CH2、OCH2CH2CH2和OCH2CH2CH2CH2;
氧基亚烷基氧基:具有1-3个CH2基团的二价未支化链,其中两个价键都经由氧原子与骨架连接,例如OCH2O、OCH2CH2O和OCH2CH2CH2O。
式I化合物也可呈其农用盐形式,其中盐的形式通常并不重要。适合的盐一般而言为其阳离子和阴离子分别对化合物I的杀真菌作用无不良作用的那些阳离子的盐或那些酸的酸加成盐。
适合的阳离子尤其是碱金属离子,优选锂、钠和钾离子;碱土金属离子,优选是钙和镁离子;过渡金属离子,优选是锰、铜、锌和铁离子;以及铵,其中需要的话有1-4个氢原子可被C1-C4烷基、羟基-C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基-C1-C4烷基、羟基-C1-C4烷氧基-C1-C4烷基、苯基或苄基替代,优选铵、二甲铵、二异丙铵、四甲铵、四丁铵、2-(2-羟基乙-1-氧基)乙-1-基铵、二(2-羟基乙-1-基)铵、三甲苄基铵,此外还有鏻离子,锍离子,优选三(C1-C4烷基)锍和氧化锍离子,优选三(C1-C4烷基)氧化锍。
有用的酸加成盐的阴离子主要有氯离子、溴离子、氟离子、硫酸氢根、硫酸根、磷酸二氢根、磷酸氢根、硝酸根、碳酸氢根、碳酸根、六氟硅酸根、六氟磷酸根、苯甲酸根和C1-C4链烷酸的阴离子,优选甲酸根、乙酸根、丙酸根和丁酸根。
本发明的范围包括具有手性中心的式I化合物的(R)-和(S)异构体以及外消旋体。
关于变量,中间体的特别优选的实施方案对应于式I中的基团Lm、R1、R2和X的那些。
关于式I的三唑并嘧啶的意欲用途,特别优选各取代基在每种情况下单独或组合具有如下含义:
优选其中R1为C1-C4烷基、C2-C6链烯基或C1-C8卤代烷基的化合物I。
同样,还优选其中R1为5-或6元饱和或芳族杂环的化合物I,所述环包含1或2个选自N、O和S的杂原子且可被1或2个烷基或卤代烷基取代。
特别优选其中R1是基团B的化合物I,
其中
Y1是氢、氟或C1-C6氟烷基,
Y2是氢或氟,或
Y1和Y2一起形成双键;
n是0或1;以及
R4是氢或甲基。
此外,优选其中R1为可被C1-C4烷基取代的C3-C6环烷基的化合物I。
特别优选其中R2为氢的化合物I。
同样优选其中R2为甲基或乙基的化合物I。
若R1和/或R2包含具有手性中心的卤代烷基或卤代链烯基,则优选这些基团的(S)-异构体。在R1或R2中,在无卤素的烷基或链烯基具有手性中心的情况下,优选(R)-型异构体。
此外,还优选其中R1和R2与它们所连接的氮原子一起形成饱和或不饱和5-或6元环的化合物I,所述环可被选自O、N和S的原子间隔和/或可带有一个或多个选自卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基和氧基-C1-C3亚烷基氧基的取代基或者其中两个相邻环成员可通过C1-C4亚烷基链连接。
特别优选其中R1和R2与它们所连接的氮原子一起形成哌啶基、吗啉基或硫代吗啉基环,尤其是哌啶基环的化合物I,所述环是未取代的或被1-3个卤素、C1-C4烷基或C1-C4卤代烷基取代,尤其被4-甲基取代。
此外,特别优选其中R1和R2与它们所连接的氮原子一起形成吡咯烷环的化合物I,所述环是未取代的或被1或2个卤素、C1-C4烷基或C1-C4卤代烷基取代,尤其被2-甲基取代。
优选其中至少一个基团L位于三唑并嘧啶骨架的连接点的邻位的化合物I;尤其是其中m具有值1、2或3的那些化合物。
优选其中Lm是卤素、甲基、乙基、C1卤代烷基、甲氧基或-C(=O)-A的的化合物I,其中A是氢、羟基、C1-C4烷氧基、C1-C4卤代烷氧基、C1-C2烷基氨基或二-(C1-C2烷基)氨基。
此外,特别优选其中被Lm取代的苯基是基团A的化合物I
其中#是与三唑并嘧啶骨架的连接点,
L1是氟、氯、CH3或CF3;
L2、L4彼此独立地是氢或氟;
L3是氢、氟、氯、氰基、CH3或COOOCH3;以及
L5是氢、氟或CH3。
特别优选其中X为卤素或C1-C4烷基,例如为氯或甲基,尤其是氯的化合物I。
关于它们的用途,特别优选汇编在下表中的化合物I。此外,在下面各表中,对于取代基提到的基团本身构成所述取代基的特别优选的实施方案,而与其中提到它们的组合无关。
表1
式I化合物,X为氯,Lm为2-氟-6-氯,以及各化合物中R1与R2的组合对应于表A的一行。
表2
式I化合物,X为氯,Lm为2,6-二氟,以及各化合物中R1与R2的组合对应于表A的一行。
表3
式I化合物,X为氯,Lm为2,6-二氯,以及各化合物中R1与R2的组合对应于表A的一行。
表4
式I化合物,X为氯,Lm为2-氟-6-甲基,以及各化合物中R1与R2的组合对应于表A的一行。
表5
式I化合物,X为氯,Lm为2,4,6-三氟,以及各化合物中R1与R2的组合对应于表A的一行。
表6
式I化合物,X为氯,Lm为2,6-二氟-4-甲氧基,以及各化合物中R1与R2的组合对应于表A的一行。
表7
式I化合物,X为氯,Lm为五氟,以及各化合物中R1与R2的组合对应于表A的一行。
表8
式I化合物,X为氯,Lm为2-甲基-4-氟,以及各化合物中R1与R2的组合对应于表A的一行。
表9
式I化合物,X为氯,Lm为2-三氟甲基,以及各化合物中R1与R2的组合对应于表A的一行。
表10
式I化合物,X为氯,Lm为2-甲氧基-6-氟,以及各化合物中R1与R2的组合对应于表A的一行。
表11
式I化合物,X为氯,Lm为2-氯,以及各化合物中R1与R2的组合对应于表A的一行。
表12
式I化合物,X为氯,Lm为2-氟,以及各化合物中R1与R2的组合对应于表A的一行。
表13
式I化合物,X为氯,Lm为2,4-二氟,以及各化合物中R1与R2的组合对应于表A的一行。
表14
式I化合物,X为氯,Lm为2-氟-4-氯,以及各化合物中R1与R2的组合对应于表A的一行。
表15
式I化合物,X为氯,Lm为2-氯-4-氟,以及各化合物中R1与R2的组合对应于表A的一行。
表16
式I化合物,X为氯,Lm为2,3-二氟,以及各化合物中R1与R2的组合对应于表A的一行。
表17
式I化合物,X为氯,Lm为2,5-二氟,以及各化合物中R1与R2的组合对应于表A的一行。
表18
式I化合物,X为氯,Lm为2,3,4-三氟,以及各化合物中R1与R2的组合对应于表A的一行。
表19
式I化合物,X为氯,Lm为2-甲基,以及各化合物中R1与R2的组合对应于表A的一行。
表20
式I化合物,X为氯,Lm为2,4-二甲基,以及各化合物中R1与R2的组合对应于表A的一行。
表21
式I化合物,X为氯,Lm为2-甲基-4-氯,以及各化合物中R1与R2的组合对应于表A的一行。
表22
式I化合物,X为氯,Lm为2-氟-4-甲基,以及各化合物中R1与R2的组合对应于表A的一行。
表23
式I化合物,X为氯,Lm为2,6-二甲基,以及各化合物中R1与R2的组合对应于表A的一行。
表24
式I化合物,X为氯,Lm为2,4,6-三甲基,以及各化合物中R1与R2的组合对应于表A的一行。
表25
式I化合物,X为氯,Lm为2,6-二氟-4-氰基,以及各化合物中R1与R2的组合对应于表A的一行。
表26
式I化合物,X为氯,Lm为2,6-二氟-4-甲基,以及各化合物中R1与R2的组合对应于表A的一行。
表27
式I化合物,X为氯,Lm为2,6-二氟-4-甲氧羰基,以及各化合物中R1与R2的组合对应于表A的一行。
表28
式I化合物,X为氯,Lm为2-三氟甲基-4-氟,以及各化合物中R1与R2的组合对应于表A的一行。
表29
式I化合物,X为氯,Lm为2-三氟甲基-5-氟,以及各化合物中R1与R2的组合对应于表A的一行。
表30
式I化合物,X为氯,Lm为2-三氟甲基-5-氯,以及各化合物中R1与R2的组合对应于表A的一行。
表A
序号 | R1 | R2 |
A-1 | H | H |
A-2 | CH2CH3 | H |
A-3 | CH2CH3 | CH3 |
A-4 | CH2CH3 | CH2CH3 |
A-5 | CH2CF3 | H |
A-6 | CH2CF3 | CH3 |
A-7 | CH2CF3 | CH2CH3 |
A-8 | CH2CCl3 | H |
A-9 | CH2CCl3 | CH3 |
A-10 | CH2CCl3 | CH2CH3 |
A-11 | CH2CH2CH3 | H |
A-12 | CH2CH2CH3 | CH3 |
A-13 | CH2CH2CH3 | CH2CH3 |
序号 | R1 | R2 |
A-14 | CH2CH2CH3 | CH2CH2CH3 |
A-15 | CH(CH3)2 | H |
A-16 | CH(CH3)2 | CH3 |
A-17 | CH(CH3)2 | CH2CH3 |
A-18 | (±)CH(CH3)-CH2CH3 | H |
A-19 | (±)CH(CH3)-CH2CH3 | CH3 |
A-20 | (±)CH(CH3)-CH2CH3 | CH2CH3 |
A-21 | (S)CH(CH3)-CH2CH3 | H |
A-22 | (S)CH(CH3)-CH2CH3 | CH3 |
A-23 | (S)CH(CH3)-CH2CH3 | CH2CH3 |
A-24 | (R)CH(CH3)-CH2CH3 | H |
A-25 | (R)CH(CH3)-CH2CH3 | CH3 |
A-26 | (R)CH(CH3)-CH2CH3 | CH2CH3 |
A-27 | (±)CH(CH3)-CH(CH3)2 | H |
A-28 | (±)CH(CH3)-CH(CH3)2 | CH3 |
A-29 | (±)CH(CH3)-CH(CH3)2 | CH2CH3 |
A-30 | (S)CH(CH3)-CH(CH3)2 | H |
A-31 | (S)CH(CH3)-CH(CH3)2 | CH3 |
A-32 | (S)CH(CH3)-CH(CH3)2 | CH2CH3 |
A-33 | (R)CH(CH3)-CH(CH3)2 | H |
A-34 | (R)CH(CH3)-CH(CH3)2 | CH3 |
A-35 | (R)CH(CH3)-CH(CH3)2 | CH2CH3 |
A-36 | (±)CH(CH3)-C(CH3)3 | H |
A-37 | (±)CH(CH3)-C(CH3)3 | CH3 |
A-38 | (±)CH(CH3)-C(CH3)3 | CH2CH3 |
A-39 | (S)CH(CH3)-C(CH3)3 | H |
A-40 | (S)CH(CH3)-C(CH3)3 | CH3 |
A-41 | (S)CH(CH3)-C(CH3)3 | CH2CH3 |
A-42 | (R)CH(CH3)-C(CH3)3 | H |
A-43 | (R)CH(CH3)-C(CH3)3 | CH3 |
A-44 | (R)CH(CH3)-C(CH3)3 | CH2CH3 |
A-45 | (±)CH(CH3)-CF3 | H |
A-46 | (±)CH(CH3)-CF3 | CH3 |
A-47 | (±)CH(CH3)-CF3 | CH2CH3 |
A-48 | (S)CH(CH3)-CF3 | H |
A-49 | (S)CH(CH3)-CF3 | CH3 |
A-50 | (S)CH(CH3)-CF3 | CH2CH3 |
A-51 | (R)CH(CH3)-CF3 | H |
序号 | R1 | R2 |
A-52 | (R)CH(CH3)-CF3 | CH3 |
A-53 | (R)CH(CH3)-CF3 | CH2CH3 |
A-54 | (±)CH(CH3)-CCl3 | H |
A-55 | (±)CH(CH3)-CCl3 | CH3 |
A-56 | (±)CH(CH3)-CCl3 | CH2CH3 |
A-57 | (S)CH(CH3)-CCl3 | H |
A-58 | (S)CH(CH3)-CCl3 | CH3 |
A-59 | (S)CH(CH3)-CCl3 | CH2CH3 |
A-60 | (R)CH(CH3)-CCl3 | H |
A-61 | (R)CH(CH3)-CCl3 | CH3 |
A-62 | (R)CH(CH3)-CCl3 | CH2CH3 |
A-63 | CH2CF2CF3 | H |
A-64 | CH2CF2CF3 | CH3 |
A-65 | CH2CF2CF3 | CH2CH3 |
A-66 | CH2(CF2)2CF3 | H |
A-67 | CH2(CF2)2CF3 | CH3 |
A-68 | CH2(CF2)2CF3 | CH2CH3 |
A-69 | CH2C(CH3)=CH2 | H |
A-70 | CH2C(CH3)=CH2 | CH3 |
A-71 | CH2C(CH3)=CH2 | CH2CH3 |
A-72 | CH2CH=CH2 | H |
A-73 | CH2CH=CH2 | CH3 |
A-74 | CH2CH=CH2 | CH2CH3 |
A-75 | CH(CH3)CH=CH2 | H |
A-76 | CH(CH3)CH=CH2 | CH3 |
A-77 | CH(CH3)CH=CH2 | CH2CH3 |
A-78 | CH(CH3)C(CH3)=CH2 | H |
A-79 | CH(CH3)C(CH3)=CH2 | CH3 |
A-80 | CH(CH3)C(CH3)=CH2 | CH2CH3 |
A-81 | 环戊基 | H |
A-82 | 环戊基 | CH3 |
A-83 | 环戊基 | CH2CH3 |
A-84 | 环己基 | H |
A-85 | 环己基 | CH3 |
A-86 | 环己基 | CH2CH3 |
A-87 | -(CH2)2CH=CHCH2- | |
A-88 | -(CH2)2C(CH3)=CHCH2- |
序号 | R1 | R2 |
A-89 | -(CH2)2CH(CH3)(CH2)2- | |
A-90 | -(CH2)2CHF(CH2)2- | |
A-91 | -(CH2)3CHFCH2- | |
A-92 | -(CH2)2CH(CF3)(CH2)2- | |
A-93 | -(CH2)2O(CH2)2- | |
A-94 | -(CH2)2S(CH2)2- | |
A-95 | -(CH2)5- | |
A-96 | -(CH2)4- | |
A-97 | -CH2CH=CHCH2- | |
A-98 | -CH(CH3)(CH2)3- | |
A-99 | -CH2CH(CH3)(CH2)2- |
化合物I适于作为杀真菌剂。它们对宽范围的植物病原性真菌具有突出的效力,所述真菌尤其选自子囊菌纲(Ascomycetes)、半知菌纲(Deuteromycetes)、藻状菌纲(Phycomycetes)和担子菌纲(Basidiomycetes)真菌。它们中的一些具有内吸作用并可以作为叶面和土壤作用杀真菌剂用于作物保护中。
它们对在各种栽培植物如小麦、黑麦、大麦、燕麦、稻、玉米、禾草、香蕉、棉花、大豆、咖啡、甘蔗、葡萄藤、水果、观赏植物和蔬菜如黄瓜、豆类、西红柿、土豆和葫芦科植物以及这些植物的种子中防治大量真菌尤其重要。
它们尤其适于防治下列植物病害:
水果和蔬菜上的链格孢属(Alternaria),
草莓、蔬菜、观赏植物和葡萄藤上的灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea)(灰霉病),
花生上的落花生尾孢(Cercospora arachidicola),
葫芦科植物上的二孢白粉菌(Erysiphe cichoracearum)和苍耳单丝壳(Sphaerotheca fuliginea),
禾谷类上的禾白粉菌(Blumeria graminis)(白粉病),
各种植物上的镰孢霉属(Fusarium)和轮枝孢属(Verticillium),
禾谷类上的长蠕孢属(Helminthosporium),
香蕉和花生上的球腔菌属(Mycosphaerella),
土豆和西红柿上的致病疫霉(Phytophthora infestans),
葡萄藤上的葡萄生单轴霉(Plasmopara viticola),
苹果上的苹果白粉病菌(Podosphaera leucotricha),
小麦和大麦上的小麦基腐病菌(Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides),
啤酒花和黄瓜上的假霜霉属(Pseudoperonospora),
禾谷类上的柄锈菌属(Puccinia),
稻上的稻瘟病菌(Pyricularia oryzae),
棉花、稻和草坪上的丝核菌属(Rhizoctonia),
小麦上的颖枯壳针孢(Septoria nodorum),
葡萄藤上的葡萄钩丝壳(Uncinula necator),
禾谷类和甘蔗上的黑粉菌属(Ustilago),以及
苹果和梨上的黑星菌属(Venturia)(黑星病)。
化合物I还适于防治有害真菌如拟青霉(Paecilomyces variotii)以保护材料(如木材、纸张、漆分散体、纤维或织物)和保护储藏的产品。
化合物I通过用杀真菌有效量的活性化合物处理真菌或要防止真菌侵染的植物、种子、材料或土壤而施用。施用可以在材料、植物或种子被真菌侵染之前和之后进行。
通常而言,杀真菌组合物包含0.1-95重量%,优选0.5-90重量%的活性化合物。
当用于作物保护时,施用率取决于所需效果的种类为0.01-2kg活性化合物/公顷。
对于种子处理,每kg种子通常需要的活性化合物量为0.001-10g,优选0.01-2g。
当用于保护材料或储藏产品时,活性化合物的施用率取决于施用场地的类型和所需效果。在保护材料中通常使用的施用率例如为0.001g至2kg,优选0.005g至1kg活性化合物/m3处理材料。
可以将化合物I转化成常规配制剂,例如溶液、乳液、悬浮液、粉剂、粉末、糊和粒剂。施用形式取决于特定目的;在每种情况下都应确保本发明化合物精细和均匀地分布。
配制剂以已知方式制备,例如通过将活性化合物与溶剂和/或载体混合来制备,需要的话使用乳化剂和分散剂。合适的溶剂/助剂主要是:
-水,芳族溶剂(如Solvesso产品、二甲苯),链烷烃(如矿物油馏分),醇(如甲醇、丁醇、戊醇、苄醇),酮(如环己酮、γ-丁内酯),吡咯烷酮(NMP、NOP),乙酸酯(二乙酸乙二醇酯),二醇,脂肪酸二甲基酰胺,脂肪酸和脂肪酸酯。原则上,还可使用溶剂混合物。
-载体如磨碎的天然矿物(如高岭土、粘土、滑石、白垩)和磨碎的合成矿物(如高度分散的硅石、硅酸盐);乳化剂如非离子和阴离子乳化剂(如聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚、烷基磺酸盐和芳基磺酸盐)以及分散剂如木素亚硫酸盐废液和甲基纤维素。
合适的表面活性剂是木质素磺酸、萘磺酸、苯酚磺酸、二丁基萘磺酸的碱金属盐、碱土金属盐和铵盐,烷基芳基磺酸盐,烷基硫酸盐,烷基磺酸盐,脂肪醇硫酸盐以及脂肪酸和硫酸化脂肪醇乙二醇醚,此外还有磺化萘和萘衍生物与甲醛的缩合物,萘或萘磺酸与苯酚和甲醛的缩合物,聚氧乙烯辛基酚醚,乙氧基化的异辛基酚、辛基酚、壬基酚,烷基酚聚乙二醇醚,三丁基苯基聚乙二醇醚,三硬脂基苯基聚乙二醇醚,烷基芳基聚醚醇,醇和脂肪醇/氧化乙烯缩合物,乙氧基化蓖麻油,聚氧乙烯烷基醚,乙氧基化聚氧丙烯,月桂醇聚乙二醇醚缩醛,山梨醇酯,木素亚硫酸盐废液和甲基纤维素。
适于制备直接可喷雾溶液、乳液、糊或油分散体的物质是中沸点到高沸点的矿物油馏分,如煤油或柴油,此外还有煤焦油和植物或动物来源的油,脂族、环状和芳族烃,例如甲苯、二甲苯、石蜡、四氢化萘、烷基化萘或其衍生物、甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、丁醇、环己醇、环己酮、异佛尔酮,强极性溶剂,例如二甲亚砜、N-甲基吡咯烷酮和水。
粉末、撒播用材料和粉剂产品可以通过将活性物质与固体载体混合或共同研磨而制备。
粒剂如包膜粒剂、浸渍粒剂和均相粒剂可以通过将活性化合物与固体载体粘附而制备。固体载体的实例是矿土如硅胶、硅酸盐、滑石、高岭土、Attaclay、石灰石、石灰、白垩、红玄武土、黄土、粘土、白云石、硅藻土、硫酸钙、硫酸镁、氧化镁;磨碎的合成材料;肥料如硫酸铵、磷酸铵、硝酸铵、尿素;植物来源的产品如谷粉、树皮粉、木粉和坚果壳粉;纤维素粉和其它固体载体。
通常而言,配制剂包含0.01-95重量%,优选0.1-90重量%的活性化合物。活性化合物以90-100%,优选95-100%的纯度(根据NMR光谱)使用。
以下为配制剂的实例:
1.用水稀释施用的产品
A 水溶性浓缩物(SL)
将10重量份本发明化合物溶解在水中或溶解在水溶性溶剂中。作为选择,添加润湿剂或其它助剂。当用水稀释时,活性化合物溶解。
B 分散性浓缩物(DC)
将20重量份本发明化合物溶解在环己酮中,并添加分散剂,例如聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮。用水稀释得到分散体。
C 可乳化浓缩物(EC)
将15重量份本发明化合物溶解在二甲苯中,并添加十二烷基苯磺酸钙和蓖麻油乙氧基化物(在每种情况下为5%)。用水稀释得到乳液。
D 乳液(EW、EO)
将40重量份本发明化合物溶解在二甲苯中,并添加十二烷基苯磺酸钙和蓖麻油乙氧基化物(在每种情况下为5%)。将该混合物借助乳化器(Ultraturax)引入水中,制成均相乳液。用水稀释得到乳液。
E 悬浮液(SC,OD)
在搅动的球磨机中,将20重量份本发明化合物与分散剂、润湿剂和水或有机溶剂一起研磨,得到精细的活性化合物悬浮液。用水稀释得到活性化合物的稳定悬浮液。
F 水分散性粒剂和水溶性粒剂(WG、SG)
将50重量份本发明化合物与分散剂和润湿剂一起精细研磨,借助工业设施(例如挤出、喷雾塔、流化床)制成水分散性粒剂或水溶性粒剂。用水稀释得到活性化合物的稳定分散体或溶液。
G 水分散性粉末和水溶性粉末(WP、SP)
将75重量份本发明化合物在转子-定子磨中与分散剂、润湿剂和硅胶一起研磨。用水稀释得到活性化合物的稳定分散体或溶液。
2.不稀释施用的产品
H 粉尘化粉末(DP)
将5重量份本发明化合物与95%细碎高岭土精细研磨并均匀混合,得到粉尘化产品。
I 粒剂(GR、FG、GG、MG)
将0.5重量份本发明化合物与95.5%载体精细研磨并混合。流行的方法是挤出、喷干或流化床法。这得到不稀释施用的粒剂。
J ULV溶液(UL)
将10重量份本发明化合物溶解在有机溶剂中,例如二甲苯中。这得到不稀释施用的产品。
活性化合物可以通过喷雾、雾化、撒粉、撒播或浇灌直接使用,以其配制剂形式或由其制备的使用形式使用,例如以直接可喷溶液、粉末、悬浮液或分散体、乳液、油分散体、糊、粉尘化产品、撒播用材料或粒剂形式使用。使用形式完全取决于意欲的目的;在任何情况下都应确保本发明的活性化合物最可能精细地分布。
含水使用形式可以通过添加水由乳油、糊或可湿性粉末(可喷雾粉末、油分散体)制备。为了制备乳液、糊或油分散体,可以通过润湿剂、增粘剂、分散剂或乳化剂将物质直接或在溶于油或溶剂之后在水中均化。作为选择,也可以制备适于用水稀释并且由活性物质、润湿剂、增粘剂、分散剂或乳化剂以及合适的话,溶剂或油组成的浓缩物。
活性化合物在即用制剂中的浓度可以在较宽范围内变化。它们通常为0.0001-10%,优选为0.01-1%。
活性化合物还可成功地以超低容量(ULV)方法使用,通过该方法可以施用包含超过95重量%活性化合物的配制剂或甚至可以在没有添加剂的情况下施用活性化合物。
可以将各种类型的油、润湿剂、助剂、除草剂、杀真菌剂、其它杀虫剂或杀菌剂加入活性化合物中,需要的话在紧临使用之前(桶混合)加入。这些试剂可以以1∶10至10∶1的重量比加入本发明的试剂中。
在作为杀真菌剂的施用形式中,本发明组合物还可与其它活性化合物一起存在,例如与除草剂、杀虫剂、生长调节剂、杀真菌剂或肥料一起存在。在许多情况下,将作为杀真菌剂的化合物I或呈其施用形式的包含它们的组合物与其它杀真菌剂混合产生更宽的杀真菌活性谱。
本发明化合物可以与之联合使用的下列杀真菌剂用来阐述可能的组合,而不施以任何限制:
·酰基丙氨酸类,如苯霜灵(benalaxyl)、甲霜灵(metalaxyl)、甲呋酰胺(ofurace)或噁霜灵(oxadixyl),
·胺衍生物,如aldimorph(4-十二烷基-2,6-二甲基吗啉)、多果定(dodine)、吗菌灵(dodemorph)、丁苯吗啉(fenpropimorph)、苯锈啶(fenpropidin)、双胍盐(guazatine)、双胍辛醋酸盐(iminoctadine)、螺噁茂胺(spiroxamine)或克啉菌(tridemorph),
·苯氨基嘧啶类,如二甲嘧菌胺(pyrimethanil)、嘧菌胺(mepanipyrim)或cyrodinyl,
·抗菌素,如放线菌酮(cycloheximide)、灰黄霉素(griseofulvin)、春雷素(kasugamycin)、多马霉素(natamycin)、多氧霉素(polyoxin)或链霉素(streptomycin),
·唑类,如双苯三唑醇(bitertanol)、糠菌唑(bromoconazole)、环唑醇(cyproconazole)、噁醚唑(difenoconazole)、dinitroconazole、氧唑菌(epoxiconazole)、腈苯唑(fenbuconazole)、喹唑菌酮(fluquinconazole)、氟硅唑(flusilazole)、己唑醇(hexaconazole)、烯菌灵(imazalil)、环戊唑菌(metconazole)、腈菌唑(myclobutanil)、戊菌唑(penconazole)、丙环唑(propiconazole)、丙氯灵(prochloraz)、prothioconazole、戊唑醇(tebuconazole)、三唑酮(triadimefon)、唑菌醇(triadimenol)、氟菌唑(triflumizole)或戊叉唑菌(triticonazole),
·二羧酰亚胺类,如异丙定(iprodione)、甲菌利(myclozolin)、杀菌利(procymidone)或烯菌酮(vinclozolin),
·二硫代氨基甲酸盐类,如福美铁(febam)、代森钠(nabam)、代森锰(maneb)、代森锰锌(mancozeb)、威百亩(metam)、代森联(metiram)、甲基代森锌(propineb)、福代锌(polycarbamate)、福美双(thiram)、福美锌(ziram)或代森锌(zineb),
·杂环化合物,如敌菌灵(anilazine)、苯菌灵(benomyl)、啶酰菌胺(boscalid)、多菌灵(carbendazim)、萎锈灵(carboxin)、氧化萎锈灵(oxycarboxin)、氰霜唑(cyazofamid)、棉隆(dazomet)、二噻农(dithianon)、噁唑酮菌(famoxadone)、咪唑菌酮(fenamidone)、异嘧菌醇(fenarimol)、麦穗宁(fuberidazole)、氟酰胺(flutolanil)、呋吡唑灵(furametpyr)、稻瘟灵(isoprothiolane)、丙氧灭绣胺(mepronil)、氟苯嘧啶醇(nuarimol)、噻菌灵(probenazole)、proquinazid、啶斑肟(pyrifenox)、咯喹酮(pyroquilon)、喹氧灵(quinoxyfen)、硅噻菌胺(silthiofam)、涕必灵(thiabendazole)、溴氟唑菌(thifluzamide)、甲基托布津(thiophanate-methyl)、tiadinil、三环唑(tricyclazole)或嗪氨灵(triforine),
·铜杀真菌剂,如波尔多液(Bordeaux混合物)、醋酸铜、王铜或碱式硫酸铜,
·硝基苯基衍生物,如乐杀螨(binapacryl)、敌螨普(dinocap)、敌螨通(dinobuton)或nitrophthal-isopropyl,
·苯基吡咯类,如拌种咯(fenpiclonil)或氟噁菌(fludioxonil),
·硫,
·其它杀真菌剂,如噻二唑素(acibenzolar-S-methyl)、苯噻菌胺(benthiavalicarb)、氯环丙酰胺(carpropamid)、百菌清(chlorothalonil)、cyflufenamid、清菌脲(cymoxanil)、棉隆(dazomet)、哒菌清(diclomezine)、双氯氰菌胺(diclocymet)、乙霉威(diethofencarb)、克瘟散(edifenphos)、噻唑菌胺(ethaboxam)、环酰菌胺(fenhexamid)、薯瘟锡(fentin acetate)、氰菌胺(fenoxanil)、嘧菌腙(ferimzone)、氟啶胺(fluazinam)、藻菌磷(fosetyl)、藻菌磷(fosetyl-aluminum)、异丙菌胺(iprovalicarb)、六氯苯(hexachlorobenzene)、metrafenone、戊菌隆(pencycuron)、百维灵(propamocarb)、四氯苯酞(phthalide)、toloclofos-methyl、五氯硝基苯(quintozene)或苯酰菌胺(zoxamide),
·嗜球果伞素类,如腈嘧菌酯(azoxystrobin)、dimoxystrobin、氟嘧菌酯(fluoxastrobin)、亚胺菌(kresoxim-methyl)、叉氨苯酰胺(metominostrobin)、orysastrobin、啶氧菌酯(picoxystrobin)、唑菌胺酯(pyraclostrobin)或肟菌酯(trifloxystrobin),
·次磺酸衍生物,如敌菌丹(captafol)、可菌丹(captan)、抑菌灵(dichlofluanid)、灭菌丹(folpet)或对甲抑菌灵(tolylfluanid),
·肉桂酰胺及类似化合物,如烯酰吗啉(dimethomorph)、氟联苯菌(flumetorver)或氟吗啉(flumorph)。
合成实施例
可通过适当改变起始化合物,使用在下列合成实施例中描述的程序制备其它化合物I。所得化合物及其物理数据列于下表中。
实施例1:制备3-苄基硫基-5-氨基-1,2,4-三唑
将0.17摩尔5-氨基-3-巯基-1,2,4-三唑、0.17摩尔苄基溴与0.17摩尔NaOH在100毫升乙醇中的溶液于20-25℃下搅拌约4小时。蒸除溶剂,将残余物用水洗涤并干燥,得到31克标题化合物,其熔点为107℃。
实施例2:制备5,7-二羟基-2-苄基硫基-6-(2,4,6-三氟苯基)-[1,2,4]-三唑并
[1,5-a]嘧啶
将3-苄基硫基-5-氨基-1,2,4-三唑(0.1摩尔)、(2,4,6-三氟苯基)丙二酸二乙酯(0.1摩尔)与三丁基胺(50毫升)的混合物于180℃下加热6小时。将反应混合物冷却,添加NaOH水溶液(21克,在200毫升H2O中),并将混合物搅拌约30分钟。分离各相,然后将水相用乙醚洗涤并用浓HCl溶液酸化。将沉淀过滤和干燥之后,得到30克标题化合物,其熔点为273℃。
实施例3:制备5,7-二氯-2-苄基硫基-6-(2,4,6-三氟苯基)-[1,2,4]-三唑并[1,5-a]
嘧啶
将在50毫升磷酰氯中的0.05摩尔5,7-二羟基-2-苄基硫基-6-(2,4,6-三氟苯基)-[1,2,4]-三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶(实施例2)在回流下加热8小时。在此期间,蒸除部分磷酰氯。将残余物倒入二氯甲烷与水的混合物中,并煮沸。然后分离有机相。干燥和蒸除溶剂后,得到18克标题化合物,其熔点为106℃。
实施例4:制备5-氯-7-(4-甲基哌啶-1-基)-2-苄基硫基-6-(2,4,6-三氟苯
基)-[1,2,4]-三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶
在搅拌下,将4-甲基哌啶(10毫摩尔)、三乙胺(10毫摩尔)与二氯甲烷(10毫升)的混合物加入10毫摩尔5,7-二氯-2-硫甲基-6-(2,4,6-三氟苯基)-[1,2,4]-三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶(实施例3)在20毫升二氯甲烷中的溶液中。在于20-25℃下搅拌16小时后,将反应溶液用5%浓度的HCl溶液洗涤。分离有机相,干燥并除去溶剂。将残余物在硅胶上色谱分离之后,得到4.0克标题化合物,其熔点为147℃。
实施例5:制备5-氯-7-(4-甲基哌啶-1-基)-2-巯基-6-(2,4,6-三氟苯基)-[1,2,4]-
三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶(方法1)
将0.5毫摩尔三唑并嘧啶(实施例4)与1.5毫摩尔AlCl3在15毫升苯中的混合物于20-25℃下搅拌约4小时。通过添加各自均为15毫升的甲基叔丁基醚(MTBE)和水,使产物沉淀,然后滤出。将残余物溶于乙腈中,然后滤出并干燥,得到1.0克标题化合物,其熔点为194℃。
实施例6:制备5-氯-7-(4-甲基哌啶-1-基)-2-甲基磺酰基-6-(2,4,6-三氟苯
基)-[1,2,4]-三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶
将5毫摩尔5-氯-7-(4-甲基哌啶-1-基)-2-硫甲基-6-(2,4,6-三氟苯基)-[1,2,4]-三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶[参见:WO 02/088127]与15毫摩尔间氯过苯甲酸(MCPA)在20毫升CHCl3中的混合物于20-25℃下搅拌12小时。蒸除溶剂,然后将残余物溶解在乙酸乙酯中,用饱和NaHCO3溶液洗涤并干燥。除去溶剂,得到2.0克标题化合物,其熔点为206℃。
实施例7:制备5-氯-7-(4-甲基哌啶-1-基)-2-巯基-6-(2,4,6-三氟苯基)-[1,2,4]-
三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶(方法2)
将5毫摩尔实施例6的砜在10毫升二噁烷中的溶液加入10毫升20重量%浓度的(NH4)2S水溶液中。于20-25℃下搅拌16小时后,滤出沉淀并用水洗涤。经干燥,得到1.3克标题化合物,其熔点为194℃。
实施例8:制备5-氯-7-(4-甲基哌啶-1-基)-2-巯基-6-(2,4,6-三氟苯基)-[1,2,4]-
三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶(方法3)
将5毫摩尔实施例6的砜与6毫摩尔硫醇钠水合物在15毫升水中的悬浮液在回流下加热1小时。冷却后,将混合物酸化,然后滤出沉淀。经干燥,得到1.2克标题化合物,其熔点为194℃。
实施例9:制备5-氯-7-(4-甲基哌啶-1-基)-2-巯基-6-(2,4,6-三氟苯基)-[1,2,4]-
三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶(方法4)
将4.7毫摩尔5-氯-7-(4-甲基哌啶-1-基)-2-硫甲基-6-(2,4,6-三氟苯基)-[1,2,4]-三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶[参见:WO 02/088127]与4.7毫摩尔MCPA在20毫升氯仿中的溶液于0℃下搅拌约1小时。蒸除溶剂,然后将残余物溶于乙酸乙酯中,用饱和NaHCO3溶液洗涤并干燥。除去溶剂,得到1.7克相应的亚砜,将该亚砜溶于10毫升三氟乙酸酐中。将该溶液于40℃下搅拌1小时,然后除去溶剂,将残余物悬浮于20毫升各自占50体积%的甲醇与三乙胺的混合物中。蒸除溶剂后,将残余物溶解在二氯甲烷中,用饱和NH4Cl溶液洗涤,干燥并除去溶剂,得到1.7克标题化合物,其熔点为194℃。
对抗有害真菌的作用实施例
通过下列实验证实式I化合物的杀真菌作用:
将各活性化合物制备成在70重量%环己酮、20重量%NekanilLN(LutensolAP6,具有乳化和分散作用的润湿剂,基于乙氧基化烷基酚)和10重量%WettolEM(非离子乳化剂,基于乙氧基化蓖麻油)的混合物中的10%浓度乳液,并用水稀释至所需浓度。
应用实施例:对抗由灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea)导致的柿子椒叶子上的灰霉
病的活性,保护应用
将栽培品种为“Neusiedler Ideal Elite”的柿子椒秧苗在充分发育出4-5片叶子之后用具有下述活性化合物浓度的含水悬浮液喷雾至滴流点。第二天,将所述处理过的植物用含0.17×106个孢子/ml的灰葡萄孢在2%浓度的生物麦芽溶液中的孢子悬浮液接种。然后将试验植物置于22-24℃和高大气湿度的气候实验室中。5天后,可以以%肉眼测定叶子上的真菌侵染程度。
通过测定叶面积的侵染百分数来进行评估。将这些百分数转换成效力。
效力(E)采用Abbot公式按如下计算:
E=(1-α/β)×100
α对应于经处理植物的真菌侵染百分比,
β对应于未处理(对照)植物的真菌侵染百分比,若效力为0,则经处理植物的侵染程度对应于未处理对照植物的效力;若效力为100,则经处理植物未被侵染。
此该试验中,未处理植物45%被侵染。含有250ppm实施例9化合物的制剂的效力为56%。
Claims (10)
1.式I的2-巯基取代的三唑并嘧啶和其盐,
其中各取代基定义如下:
L彼此独立地是卤素、氰基、硝基、C1-C6烷基、C2-C10链烯基、C2-C10炔基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C2-C10卤代链烯基、C1-C6烷氧基、C2-C10链烯氧基、C2-C10炔氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基或-C(=O)-A;
A是氢、羟基、C1-C8烷基、C2-C8链烯基、C1-C8烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C1-C8烷基氨基或二-(C1-C8烷基)氨基;
m是0、1、2、3、4或5;
X是卤素、氰基、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4烷氧基或C1-C2卤代烷氧基;
R1、R2彼此独立地是氢,C1-C8烷基,C1-C8卤代烷基,C3-C6环烷基,C3-C6卤代环烷基,C2-C8链烯基,C4-C10链二烯基,C2-C8卤代链烯基,C3-C6环烯基,C2-C8炔基,C2-C8卤代炔基或C3-C6环炔基,苯基,萘基或含有1-4个选自O、N和S的杂原子的5-10元饱和的、部分不饱和的或芳族杂环,R1和R2还可与它们所连接的氮原子一起形成5-或6元环,该环可被一个选自O、N和S的原子间隔和/或可带有一个或多个选自卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基和氧基-C1-C3亚烷基氧基的取代基,或者其中氮原子和相邻碳原子可通过C1-C4亚烷基链连接;
其中R1和/或R2可以被1-4个相同或不同的基团Ra取代:
Ra是卤素,氰基,硝基,羟基,C1-C6烷基,C1-C6卤代烷基,C1-C6烷基羰基,C3-C6环烷基,C1-C6烷氧基,C1-C6卤代烷氧基,C1-C6烷氧羰基,C1-C6烷硫基,C1-C6烷基氨基,二-C1-C6烷基氨基,C2-C6链烯基,C2-C6链烯氧基,C3-C6炔氧基,C3-C6环烷基,苯基,萘基,含有1-4个选自O、N和S的杂原子的5-10元饱和的、部分不饱和的或芳族杂环,其中这些脂族、脂环族或芳族基团对它们而言可部分或全部卤化或可带有1-3个基团Rb:
Rb是卤素、氰基、硝基、羟基、巯基、氨基、羧基、氨基羰基、氨基硫羰基、烷基、卤代烷基、链烯基、链烯氧基、炔氧基、烷氧基、卤代烷氧基、烷硫基、烷基氨基、二烷基氨基、甲酰基、烷基羰基、烷基磺酰基、烷基次硫酸基、烷氧羰基、烷基羰基氧基、烷基氨基羰基、二烷基氨基羰基、烷基氨基硫羰基、二烷基氨基硫羰基,其中这些基团中的烷基含有1-6个碳原子,和这些基团中的链烯基或炔基含有2-8个碳原子;
和/或1-3个下列基团:
环烷基,环烷氧基,杂环基,杂环氧基,其中这些环状体系含有3-10个环成员;芳基,芳氧基,芳硫基,芳基-C1-C6烷氧基,芳基-C1-C6烷基,杂芳基,杂芳氧基,杂芳硫基,其中所述芳基优选含有6-10个环成员,和所述杂芳基含有5或6个环成员,其中这些环状体系可部分或全部卤化或被烷基或卤代烷基取代。
2.如权利要求1中所要求的式I化合物,其中X为卤素。
3.如权利要求1或2中所要求的式I化合物,其中R1和R2定义如下:
R1为C1-C6烷基、C1-C8卤代烷基、C3-C6环烷基、C3-C6卤代环烷基、C2-C8链烯基、C2-C8卤代链烯基、C2-C8炔基;以及
R2为氢或C1-C4烷基;或
R1和R2还可与它们所连接的氮原子一起形成5-或6元饱和或不饱和环,该环可带有一个或两个选自卤素、C1-C6烷基和C1-C6卤代烷基的取代基。
4.如权利要求1-3中任一项所要求的式I化合物,其中被Lm取代的苯基是基团A,
其中#是与三唑并嘧啶骨架的连接点,
L1是氟、氯、CH3或CF3;
L2、L4彼此独立地是氢或氟;
L3是氢、氟、氯、氰基、CH3或COOCH3;以及
L5是氢、氟或CH3。
6.一种制备如权利要求1中所要求的式I化合物的方法,通过使式III的砜
其中各变量如式I中所定义,
与碱金属硫醇盐或硫化物M2S反应,其中M为碱金属阳离子或铵基阳离子。
8.一种制备如权利要求1中所要求的式I化合物的方法,通过使如权利要求7中所述的式IV的三唑并嘧啶与钠在液氨中反应。
9.一种适于防治有害真菌的组合物,该组合物包含固体或液体载体和如权利要求1中所要求的式I化合物。
10.一种防治植物病原性有害真菌的方法,包括用有效量的如权利要求1中所要求的式I化合物处理真菌或需要保护以免受真菌侵袭的材料、植物、土壤或种子。
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