CN1684813A - 在过滤区带有较窄的螺纹牙宽度的用于挤压机或螺旋挤压机的塑化螺杆 - Google Patents

在过滤区带有较窄的螺纹牙宽度的用于挤压机或螺旋挤压机的塑化螺杆 Download PDF

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CN1684813A
CN1684813A CNA038229153A CN03822915A CN1684813A CN 1684813 A CN1684813 A CN 1684813A CN A038229153 A CNA038229153 A CN A038229153A CN 03822915 A CN03822915 A CN 03822915A CN 1684813 A CN1684813 A CN 1684813A
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F·米勒
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LINDAUR DONIL GmbH
Lindauer Dornier GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/64—Screws with two or more threads
    • B29C48/645—Screws with two or more threads neighbouring threads and channels having identical configurations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/53—Screws having a varying channel depth, e.g. varying the diameter of the longitudinal screw trunk
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/59—Screws characterised by details of the thread, i.e. the shape of a single thread of the material-feeding screw
    • B29C48/605—Screws characterised by details of the thread, i.e. the shape of a single thread of the material-feeding screw the thread being discontinuous
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/535—Screws with thread pitch varying along the longitudinal axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/54—Screws with additional forward-feeding elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/59—Screws characterised by details of the thread, i.e. the shape of a single thread of the material-feeding screw
    • B29C48/595—Screws characterised by details of the thread, i.e. the shape of a single thread of the material-feeding screw the thread having non-uniform width

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Screw Conveyors (AREA)

Abstract

本发明的任务是提供一种带有螺纹变化的用于挤压机或螺旋挤压机的塑化螺杆。在该螺杆中，在螺纹变化区域内不产生输送断面体积变化及由此带来的压力提高。该任务的解决方案是，在塑化螺杆的第一条和第二条螺杆螺线的搭接区，在搭接区外螺纹牙宽度为d，在搭接区内螺纹牙宽度为1/2d。

Description

在过渡区带有较窄的螺纹牙宽度的 用于挤压机或螺旋挤压机的塑化螺杆
本发明涉及一种具有高聚合溶液通过量的，如权利要求1前序部分所述特征的，用于挤压机或螺旋挤压机的塑化螺杆。
本发明尤其涉及这种塑化螺杆的分配区，在塑化螺杆中该分配区紧靠着塑化区。这个也被称为螺杆压力区的部分将熔化的颗粒搅匀，同时将塑化的材料在压力下向着挤压机喷嘴的方向继续输送。
在该区的混合是挤压机螺杆的一项重要任务，因为塑化的材料尚未均质，也就是说还可能存在着尚未塑化的成份，这些成份还需要被熔化。
由于非均质性会在螺杆壁上和螺杆沟槽的中心处产生不同的剪切力，由此会阻碍材料的均匀混合，同时还可能在材料中产生压力的波动。为了排除这一问题，例如，采用螺杆沟槽越往前越窄的螺杆，采用在主螺杆的螺纹中使用导向螺纹，也可建议采用同时具有这里所述的一个或多个特征的塑化螺杆。
例如在WO 00/34027，DE 196 34 162 C2和US 5,599,098中已经对这种塑化螺杆以及其它螺杆做了描述。
在WO 00/34027中对与导向螺纹相关的螺道加深的原则做了描述。
在DE 196 34 162 C2中，为了在带形材料情况下减少边缘厚度的波动，在塑化螺杆末端的前面，设置了一个辅助螺杆。
US 5,599,098描述了一种带有塑料熔化部分的挤压机螺杆，这个熔化部分是由螺杆的螺线构成的，这些螺杆螺线是部分搭接的。因此材料的流动在搭接的螺杆螺线的开始处被分为两部分熔化，由于总的断面较小，所以使材料的流动速度和材料的压力提高了。新开始的螺杆螺线继续延伸，相反，原来的螺杆螺线在流动方向上转了半圈至一圈之后就结束了。
这一解决方案的缺点是，搭接螺杆螺线的可用断面，尤其是在高材料通过量的情况下，至少减小了一个螺杆壁断面。因此它总是同时带来突然的压力提高。
本发明的任务是为挤压机或螺旋挤压机设计一个高材料通过量的塑化螺杆，从而在螺纹变化的区域，不产生输送断面体积的改变，因此不会在聚合溶液中突然产生压力的提高。
为了缓慢地形成必要的压力，需要采取适当的措施。
根据本发明该任务是这样解决的，在搭接区螺杆螺纹牙的断面需要缩小，使在搭接的螺杆螺纹牙牙区，螺杆螺线的共同输送断面，与在螺杆螺纹牙搭接区前紧邻的螺杆螺线的输送断面相当。尤其特别的是，要形成从原来的单螺旋输送断面到双螺旋输送断面的过渡，以使在这个过渡区不产生断面的变化。
为了在压力区缓慢地形成压力，根据本发明，在这个区里设计至少一次螺纹的变化，同时为了压力的提高在这一区域螺杆轴的直径要逐渐增大。由此在螺纹变化的起点处，避免在聚合溶液中突然形成压力，同时不仅要达到聚合溶液的均匀流动，而且还要通过螺纹变化，实现溶液所期望的混合要求。根据本发明继续沿着流动方向往前的螺纹变化，可有利于聚合溶液的强力混合。
另外为了在挤压机喷嘴前获得希望的减压，在两个螺纹变化间的区域，使螺杆轴在360度范围上轴向平行地逐渐变细。
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
在附图中所示：
图1：根据本发明带有第一条和第二条螺杆螺纹牙多处搭接的塑化螺杆及所属的展开图。
图2：图1的展开图。
图3：根据本发明的塑化螺杆的螺杆螺纹牙的断面图。
图4：搭接区的开始处。
图1所示的是根据本发明的塑化螺杆1，用来塑化一种可塑化的聚合材料，在材料流动方向3上从右向左带有第一条和第二条螺杆螺线4、5的多处搭接，其中在压力区DZ有至少一次螺纹变化，其它螺纹变化可设置在减压区DMZ之前和之后。聚合物将在塑化螺杆1的填料区FZ的右侧填入塑化螺杆，同时在紧接着的熔化区SZ内绝大部分将被塑化。在左侧紧接着的压力区DZ内通过螺杆轴直径的逐渐增大，螺杆螺线2的螺道深度T被减小，并以此提高溶液压力。根据本发明通过位于这一区域的螺纹变化溶液被搅匀了，以便熔化可能尚未熔化的聚合物的组成部分，而又未在螺纹变化的开始处或在它继续变化的过程中产生突然的压力提高，。为了达到溶液更强力的搅匀，根据本发明在混合区MZ布置了另外的螺纹变化。在溶液通过喷嘴的配料区ZM装料之前，在必要时设置的减压区DMZ，螺道深度例如可轴向平行地被增大，以此减小压力。
图2所示的是与此有关的展开图6。螺距b1、b2在搭接区7的比例大约是1∶2。
图3所示的是根据本发明的塑化螺杆1的螺纹牙4的断面。
图4作为局部X放大所示的是带有螺纹牙4、5断面变化的螺纹牙搭接的起始处的俯视图，其中在搭接外部螺纹牙宽度为d，在搭接内部螺纹牙宽度为1/2d。

Claims (7)

1.一种具有高聚合物溶液通过量的用于挤压机或螺杆挤压机的塑化螺杆，其中该塑化螺杆被安装在一个柱状的管中，可被旋转驱动，以便把供给的可塑化聚合物输送到在另一端安装的挤压机喷嘴处，其中聚合物被塑化并通过由第一条螺旋状回转螺杆螺纹牙构成的螺杆螺线输送并混合，其中在塑化螺杆的纵向延伸的至少一个区域内至少有第二条螺旋状的回转螺杆螺纹牙与第一条螺杆螺纹牙搭接，其特征在于，至少两条螺杆螺纹牙(4、5)的断面在搭接区域内被减少，使其总断面与在搭接区域(7)前紧邻的第一条螺杆螺纹牙(4)的断面相当。
2.根据权利要求1所述的塑化螺杆，其特征在于，在搭接区域内，第二条螺杆螺纹牙(5)分割了螺杆螺线(2)的螺距。
3.根据权利要求1所述的螺纹变化螺杆，其特征在于，螺杆螺线(2)在第二条螺杆螺纹牙(5)起始处之后，沿着材料流动方向作为双螺杆螺线延伸。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的塑化螺杆，其特征在于，至少两个螺杆螺线的搭接区域延伸在至少超过半圈螺杆回转范围上。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的塑化螺杆，其特征在于，在搭接区域内螺杆螺线(2)的螺距(H)通过第二条螺杆螺纹牙(5)大约以1∶2的比例被分割。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的塑化螺杆，其特征在于，在螺杆螺纹牙的至少一个搭接区内，螺杆轴成圆锥状变化。
7.根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的塑化螺杆，其特征在于，在至少两个另外的搭接区之间，为使螺杆轴向逐渐变细，螺道深度T在360度范围轴向平行地变化。
CNB038229153A 2002-09-27 2003-08-28 在过渡区带有较窄的螺纹牙宽度的用于挤压机或螺旋挤压机的塑化螺杆 Expired - Fee Related CN100374280C (zh)

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US7329037B2 (en) 2008-02-12
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ATE314914T1 (de) 2006-02-15
KR20050087782A (ko) 2005-08-31
BR0306471A (pt) 2004-10-13
EP1542853A1 (de) 2005-06-22
EP1542853B1 (de) 2006-01-04
DE10393891D2 (de) 2005-08-25
US20060023565A1 (en) 2006-02-02
AU2003269685A1 (en) 2004-04-23
JP2006500257A (ja) 2006-01-05
DE10245278B4 (de) 2005-08-25
CN100374280C (zh) 2008-03-12
DE50302134D1 (de) 2006-03-30
WO2004030893A1 (de) 2004-04-15

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