CN1678719A - 用于发动机燃料和润滑剂的添加剂混合物 - Google Patents
用于发动机燃料和润滑剂的添加剂混合物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1678719A CN1678719A CNA03820603XA CN03820603A CN1678719A CN 1678719 A CN1678719 A CN 1678719A CN A03820603X A CNA03820603X A CN A03820603XA CN 03820603 A CN03820603 A CN 03820603A CN 1678719 A CN1678719 A CN 1678719A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- additive
- agent mixture
- additive agent
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 claims description 30
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001118 alkylidene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 8
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical compound O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001244 carboxylic acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006683 Mannich reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003262 carboxylic acid ester group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])OC(=O)C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003443 succinic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960002317 succinimide Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbamic acid Chemical group NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001990 dicarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001236 detergent effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 28
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 27
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 13
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 12
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic anhydride Chemical class O=C1CCC(=O)O1 RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000004291 polyenes Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 5
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002368 Glissopal ® Polymers 0.000 description 4
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- SZHOJFHSIKHZHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O SZHOJFHSIKHZHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000010933 acylation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005917 acylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005576 amination reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZPFKRQXYKULZKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylidene Chemical group [CH2+]CC[CH-] ZPFKRQXYKULZKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)NC(C)C UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N elaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N putrescine Chemical compound NCCCCN KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006268 reductive amination reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010729 system oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940087291 tridecyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000006552 (C3-C8) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BWDBEAQIHAEVLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methylheptan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCO BWDBEAQIHAEVLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000006577 C1-C6 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NSOXQYCFHDMMGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine Chemical compound CC(O)CN(CC(C)O)CCN(CC(C)O)CC(C)O NSOXQYCFHDMMGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000008431 aliphatic amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000005263 alkylenediamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC=C XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002551 biofuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanol Chemical compound OC1CCCCC1 HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1 PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WJTCGQSWYFHTAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclooctane Chemical group C1CCCCCCC1 WJTCGQSWYFHTAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylamine Chemical compound CCCCNCCCC JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LVTYICIALWPMFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisopropanolamine Chemical compound CC(O)CNCC(C)O LVTYICIALWPMFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940043276 diisopropanolamine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- IUNMPGNGSSIWFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminopropylamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCN IUNMPGNGSSIWFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007037 hydroformylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003879 lubricant additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(O)=O FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001281 polyalkylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005652 polyisobutylene succinic anhydride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009183 running Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- REZQBEBOWJAQKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacontan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO REZQBEBOWJAQKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XFNJVJPLKCPIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCCN XFNJVJPLKCPIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960004418 trolamine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- ZDPHROOEEOARMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZDPHROOEEOARMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M (2r)-2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound CCCC[C@@H](CC)C([O-])=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000001140 1,4-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([*:2])=C([H])C([H])=C1[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- XFRVVPUIAFSTFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Tridecanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCO XFRVVPUIAFSTFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HXKKHQJGJAFBHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-aminopropan-2-ol Chemical compound CC(O)CN HXKKHQJGJAFBHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMVXCPBXGZKUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexanamine Chemical compound CCCCCCN BMVXCPBXGZKUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClCC1=NC=CC=C1C#N FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AIDLAEPHWROGFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbenzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound CC1=C(C(O)=O)C=CC=C1C(O)=O AIDLAEPHWROGFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QDTDKYHPHANITQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-methyloctan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCO QDTDKYHPHANITQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PLLBRTOLHQQAQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-methylnonan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCO PLLBRTOLHQQAQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004135 Bone phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005632 Capric acid (CAS 334-48-5) Substances 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004440 Isodecyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004439 Isononyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical class CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTUVJUMINZSXGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylcyclohexylamine Chemical compound CNC1CCCCC1 XTUVJUMINZSXGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PAMIQIKDUOTOBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylcyclohexylamine Natural products CN1CCCCC1 PAMIQIKDUOTOBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical group C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLINHMUFWFWBMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triisopropanolamine Chemical compound CC(O)CN(CC(C)O)CC(C)O SLINHMUFWFWBMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006887 Ullmann reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- RRUDCFGSUDOHDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetohydroxamic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=NO RRUDCFGSUDOHDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003855 acyl compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004183 alkoxy alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-ethylcaproic acid Natural products CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N alpha-linolenic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020661 alpha-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001409 amidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001414 amino alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CUBCNYWQJHBXIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid;2-hydroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O CUBCNYWQJHBXIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- SNCZNSNPXMPCGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanediamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CCC(N)=O SNCZNSNPXMPCGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 1
- MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940043279 diisopropylamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WEHWNAOGRSTTBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylamine Chemical compound CCCNCCC WEHWNAOGRSTTBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002573 ethenylidene group Chemical group [*]=C=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000219 ethylidene group Chemical group [H]C(=[*])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XPFVYQJUAUNWIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfuryl alcohol Chemical class OCC1=CC=CO1 XPFVYQJUAUNWIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- KYYWBEYKBLQSFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O KYYWBEYKBLQSFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004836 hexamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- 239000004312 hexamethylene tetramine Substances 0.000 description 1
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N icosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- PHTQWCKDNZKARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoamylol Chemical compound CC(C)CCO PHTQWCKDNZKARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GKQPCPXONLDCMU-CCEZHUSRSA-N lacidipine Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=C(C)NC(C)=C(C(=O)OCC)C1C1=CC=CC=C1\C=C\C(=O)OC(C)(C)C GKQPCPXONLDCMU-CCEZHUSRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004488 linolenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N linolenic acid Natural products CC=CCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- HZVOZRGWRWCICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanediyl Chemical compound [CH2] HZVOZRGWRWCICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- AGVKXDPPPSLISR-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethylcyclohexanamine Chemical compound CCNC1CCCCC1 AGVKXDPPPSLISR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004780 naphthols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RQFLGKYCYMMRMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O RQFLGKYCYMMRMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NMRPBPVERJPACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-3-ol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)CC NMRPBPVERJPACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229940049964 oleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- PODAMDNJNMAKAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N penta-2,3-diene Chemical group CC=C=CC PODAMDNJNMAKAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPBLXKKOBLCELK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCN DPBLXKKOBLCELK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N perisophthalic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003053 piperidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-QJWNTBNXSA-N ricinoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-QJWNTBNXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003656 ricinoleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ricinoleic acid Natural products CCCCCCC(O[Si](C)(C)C)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003463 sulfur Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZTUXEFFFLOVXQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZTUXEFFFLOVXQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002769 thiazolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005591 trimellitate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003258 trimethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/143—Organic compounds mixtures of organic macromolecular compounds with organic non-macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M157/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more macromolecular compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M143/00 - C10M155/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M157/04—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more macromolecular compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M143/00 - C10M155/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a nitrogen-containing compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M161/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
- C10L1/1881—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof carboxylic group attached to an aliphatic carbon atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
- C10L1/2222—(cyclo)aliphatic amines; polyamines (no macromolecular substituent 30C); quaternair ammonium compounds; carbamates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
- C10L1/2222—(cyclo)aliphatic amines; polyamines (no macromolecular substituent 30C); quaternair ammonium compounds; carbamates
- C10L1/2225—(cyclo)aliphatic amines; polyamines (no macromolecular substituent 30C); quaternair ammonium compounds; carbamates hydroxy containing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/23—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one nitrogen-to-oxygen bond, e.g. nitro-compounds, nitrates, nitrites
- C10L1/231—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one nitrogen-to-oxygen bond, e.g. nitro-compounds, nitrates, nitrites nitro compounds; nitrates; nitrites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/234—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/238—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/234—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/238—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/2383—Polyamines or polyimines, or derivatives thereof (poly)amines and imines; derivatives thereof (substituted by a macromolecular group containing 30C)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/234—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/238—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/2383—Polyamines or polyimines, or derivatives thereof (poly)amines and imines; derivatives thereof (substituted by a macromolecular group containing 30C)
- C10L1/2387—Polyoxyalkyleneamines (poly)oxyalkylene amines and derivatives thereof (substituted by a macromolecular group containing 30C)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/14—Containing carbon-to-nitrogen double bounds, e.g. guanidines, hydrazones, semicarbazones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/20—Containing nitrogen-to-oxygen bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/26—Amines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2217/043—Mannich bases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/04—Detergent property or dispersant property
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/12—Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
- C10N2040/252—Diesel engines
- C10N2040/253—Small diesel engines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
- C10N2070/02—Concentrating of additives
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及添加剂混合物，其含有至少一种具有清洁作用的添加剂作为组分A和至少一种部分或完全被中和的脂肪酸作为组分B。本发明进一步涉及所述添加剂混合物用于加入燃料和润滑剂组合物的用途，还涉及包含所述添加剂混合物的燃料和润滑剂组合物及浓缩物。
Description
本发明涉及添加剂混合物，其中包含至少一种具有清洁作用的添加剂作为组分A和至少一种部分或完全中和的脂肪酸作为组分B。本发明进一步涉及这些添加剂混合物用于添加(additizing)燃料和润滑剂组合物的用途，还涉及其中包含该添加剂混合物的发动机燃料和润滑剂组合物及浓缩物。
近期，减少发动机燃料、尤其柴油燃料燃烧过程中有害物质排放的努力集中在减少二氧化硫排放和颗粒排放上(尤其是柴油烟雾中的)。为了减少二氧化硫排放，近年来汽油和柴油中的硫含量通过精炼过程中的氢化处理得到降低，其中所述燃料用氢处理以将含硫组分还原为硫化氢。这种脱硫方法的一个不期望的副作用是破坏了燃料中聚芳族组分和极性组分。特别是在柴油情况下，该副作用具有不利影响，因为柴油机是利用燃料润滑的，而且随着燃料的自然润滑性降低，磨损增大，特别是在高压喷射泵区域。当燃料以与天然气制油(GTL)燃料混合物或与可再生燃料如生物酒精混合物的形式使用时所述磨损问题变得更严重，因为这些成分完全不具有改善润滑的性能。
为了避免磨损，通常向燃料中加入润滑改进剂，例如脂肪酸混合物、它们的酯、酰胺和盐。
发动机燃料也添加旨在减少燃料在喷嘴和喷射口区域导致的碳沉积的清洁剂。这些碳沉积，特别是在例如共轨的直喷高性能体系中、泵-喷嘴或泵-管线-喷嘴中的碳沉积，削弱了细小燃料薄雾的最佳形成并因此造成了燃料消耗和排放的增多。
具有清洁作用的用于改善燃料润滑性能的添加剂已经在例如WO-A-96/23855中有描述。其中描述的添加剂组合物包含无灰燃烧的N-酰化的化合物和羧酸或羧酸酯，旨在改善润滑性。
W-A-01/38463描述了烷氧基化低聚胺的脂肪酸盐作为矿物油产物润滑改进剂的用途。
现有技术描述的添加剂和添加剂混合物的缺点在于达到改进润滑效果需要较高的用量。
本发明的目标在于提供一种甚至在较低用量下也能够成功地改善燃料和润滑剂组合物的润滑性能的添加剂混合物。
我们惊喜地发现，通过具有清洁作用的添加剂和部分或完全中和的脂肪酸组合可以实现该目标，其中所述组合显示了在改善润滑性能的同时清洁燃料和润滑剂组合物的协同效果。
因此，本发明提供了一种添加剂混合物，其中包括：
i)至少一种具有清洁作用的添加剂作为组分A，其中所述添加剂具有至少一个数均分子量(Mn)为85-20000的疏水烃基和至少一个极性端基，和
ii)至少一种部分或完全中和的脂肪酸作为组分B。
组分A的极性端基优选选自：
(a)具有最多达6个氮原子的单氨基或多氨基，其中至少一个氮原子具有碱性，
(b)硝基，非必要地与羟基组合，
(c)与其中至少一个氮原子具有碱性的单氨基或多氨基组合的羟基，
(d)被羟基、其中至少一个氮原子是碱性的单氨基或多氨基或氨基甲酸酯基封端的多氧-C2-C4-亚烷基，
(e)羧酸酯基，
(f)通过取代的酚与醛和单胺或多胺的曼尼奇反应形成的基团，和
(g)自羧酸酐衍生且具有羟基和/或氨基和/或酰胺和/或亚氨基的基团。
含有单氨基或多氨基(a)的添加剂优选为基于聚丙烯或基于反应性(即主要具有末端双键，通常在β-和γ-位)或常规(即主要具有内双键)的分子量MN为300-5000的聚丁烯或聚异丁烯的聚亚烷基一元胺或聚亚烷基多胺。所述基于反应性聚异丁烯的添加剂特别在EP-A 244 616中有公开，其可以由聚异丁烯(其中可以包含最高达20重量％的正丁烯单元)通过加氢甲酰基化和使用氨、一元胺或多胺(如二甲基氨基丙基胺、亚乙基二胺、二亚乙基三胺、三亚乙基四胺或四亚乙基五胺)还原性氨基化制备。当主要具有内双键(通常在β-和γ-位)的聚丁烯和聚异丁烯用作制备所述添加剂的起始材料时，可能的制备路径是通过氯化并随后氨基化，或通过用空气或臭氧氧化双键形成羰基或羧基化合物并随后在还原(氢化)条件下氨基化。这里氨基化使用的胺可以与上述用于对加氢甲酰化的反应性聚异丁烯进行还原性氨基化的那些胺相同。基于聚丙烯的相应添加剂特别在WO-A 94/24231中有描述，其内容全部通过参考的方式引入本文。
其它优选的包含单氨基(a)的添加剂是如WO-A 97/03946所特别描述的平均聚合度P为5至100的聚异丁烯与氮的氧化物或氮的氧化物与氧的混合物反应产物的氢化产物，所述专利的内容全部通过参考的方式引入本文。
其它优选的包含单氨基(a)的添加剂是如DE-A 196 20 262所特别描述的可由聚异丁烯环氧化物通过与胺反应并随后脱水并还原氨基醇获得的化合物，所述专利的内容全部通过参考的方式引入本文。
含有非必要地与羟基组合的硝基(b)的添加剂优选如WO-A 96/03367和WO-A 96/03479特别描述的平均聚合度P为5至100或10至100的聚异丁烯与氮的氧化物或氮的氧化物和氧的混合物的反应产物，所述专利的内容全部通过参考的方式引入本文。这些反应产物一般是纯硝基聚异丁烷(例如α，β-二硝基聚异丁烷)和混合羟基硝基聚异丁烷(例如，α-硝基-β-羟基聚异丁烷)的混合物。
含有非必要地与单氨基或多氨基组合的羟基(c)的添加剂特别为如EP-A 476 485特别描述的聚异丁烯环氧化物与氨或一元胺或多元胺的反应产物，其中所述聚异丁烯环氧化物可由主要具有末端双键且MN为300-5000的聚异丁烯获得，所述专利的内容全部通过参考的方式引入本文。
含有多氧-C2至C4-亚烷基(d)的添加剂优选是聚醚或聚醚胺，它们可以通过C2-C60烷醇、C6-C30链烷二醇、一或二C2-C30烷基胺、C1-C30烷基环己醇或C1-C30烷基酚按照每摩尔羟基或氨基与1-30摩尔环氧乙烷和/或环氧丙烷和/或环氧丁烷反应获得，并且在聚醚胺的情况下，随后用氨、一元胺或多胺还原氨基化。所述产物特别在EP-A 310 875、EP-A 356 725、EP-A700 985和US-A 4 877 416中有描述，其中内容通过参考在此全部引用。在聚醚情况下，所述产物还具有载体油性能。其中的典型实例是十三烷醇丁氧基化物、异十三烷醇丁氧基化物、异壬基酚丁氧基化物和聚异丁醇丁氧基化物和丙氧基化物以及与氨的相应反应产物。
含有羧酸酯基(e)的添加剂优选是如ED-A 38 38 918特别描述的一元、二元或三元羧酸与长链烷醇或多元醇、特别是在100℃下最小粘度为2mm2的那些醇的酯，其中所述专利内容通过参考在此全部引用。所用的一元、二元或多元羧酸的可以是脂族或芳族酸，并且特别适合的酯醇或酯多元醇是具有，例如6-24个碳原子的典型长链。所述酯的典型代表是己二酸酯、邻苯二甲酸酯、间苯二甲酸酯、对苯二甲酸酯和异辛醇、异壬醇、异癸醇和异十三烷醇的偏苯三酸酯。这些产物也具有载体油性能。
含有通过酚类羟基与醛和一元胺或多元胺的传统曼尼奇反应产生的基团(f)的添加剂优选聚异丁烯取代的苯酚与甲醛和一元或多元伯胺(如亚乙基二胺、二亚乙基三胺、三亚乙基四胺、四亚乙基五胺或二甲基氨基丙基胺)的反应产物。这些聚异丁烯曼尼奇碱特别在EP-A 831 141中有描述，该专利的内容通过参考在此全部引用。
含有自羧酸酐衍生且具有羟基和/或氨基和/或酰胺和/或亚氨基的基团(g)的添加剂优选二羧酸酐、更优选琥珀酸酐的相应衍生物。
组分A的极性基团更优选是自羧酸酐衍生且具有羟基和/或氨基和/或酰胺基和/或亚氨基的基团(g)，尤其是具有酰胺基和/或亚氨基的基团，即N-酰基。
组分A优选是无灰燃烧且具有极性基团(g)的酰基化氮化合物(N-酰基化合物)。
但是，除了无灰燃烧且具有极性基团(g)的酰基化氮化合物(N-酰基化合物)之外，组分A还可以包含一种或多种与疏水烃基和上述极性基团(a)-(f)组合相对应的其它化合物。
所述组分A的疏水烃基优选是其中重复单元由选自下列的单体衍生的均聚物或共聚物：丙烯、正丁烯、异丁烯和它们的混合物。
所述均聚物或共聚物基团更优选是聚异丁烯基团。特别地，均聚物或共聚物基是通过末端双键含量与“低反应性”聚异丁烯相区别的“反应性”聚异丁烯基。反应性聚异丁烯基与低反应性聚异丁烯的区别在于：基于聚异丁烯大分子的总数，它们具有不低于50摩尔％、优选不低于60摩尔％、更优选不低于80摩尔％的末端双键。所述末端双键可以是乙烯基双键[-CH＝C(CH3)2]或亚乙烯基双键[-CH2-C(＝CH2)-CH3]。特别优选的是具有均匀聚合物主链的聚异丁烯。尤其是那些由至少85重量％、优选至少90重量％、更优选至少95重量％的异丁烯单元构成的聚异丁烯具有均匀的聚合物主链。这些反应性聚异丁烯优选具有在200-20000范围内的数均分子量。特别是数均分子量为300-3000、更优选400-2500、最优选500-1500，例如数均分子量约550、约800、约1000或约2300的反应性聚异丁烯适合制备燃料添加剂。特别是数均分子量为1000-15000、更优选1300-12500、最优选2000-10000，例如数均分子量约1500、约2000或约2300的反应性聚异丁烯适合制备润滑剂添加剂。此外，所述反应性聚异丁烯优选具有的多分散性低于3.0，尤其低于1.9且更优选低于1.7或低于1.5。多分散性是重均分子量MW除以数均分子量MN所得的商。
特别合适的反应性聚异丁烯的实例包括来自BASF AG的Glissopal牌，尤其是Glissopal 1000(MN＝1000)和Glissopal V 33(MN＝550)和Glissopal 2300(MN＝2300)及其混合物。其它数均分子量可利用原则上已知的方式通过混合不同数均分子量的聚异丁烯或通过萃取富集某分子量范围内的聚异丁烯而获得。
组分A优选是无灰燃烧且衍生自被均聚物或共聚物基团取代的极性基团(g)的N-酰基化合物。优选的极性基团(g)和优选的疏水性烃基是前面提及的那些。所述无灰燃烧的酰基化合物更优选是自聚烯基琥珀酸酐衍生且尤其自聚异丁烯基琥珀酸酐衍生的N-酰基化合物。就此方面最令人感兴趣的是可通过所述酸酐与脂族多胺(如乙二胺、二亚乙基三胺、三亚乙基四胺或四亚乙基五胺)反应获得的N-酰基化合物。这些N-酰基化合物特别在US-A 4 849 572中有描述，其中内容通过参考在此全部引用。
所述聚异丁烯琥珀酸酐可通过，例如，使数均分子量MN为300-5000的常规或反应性聚异丁烯与马来酸酐通过热方法反应或经氯化聚异丁烯而获得。
无灰燃烧且具有极性基团(g)的酰化的氮化合物可通过，例如，被疏水性烃基取代的羧酸或被疏水性烃基取代的羧酸衍生物与具有至少一个NH或NH2基的胺反应获得。优选使用羧酸酐反应。
正如上面的详细描述，羧酸或羧酸衍生物更优选是二羧酸或二羧酸衍生物，优选二羧酸酐，尤其琥珀酸或琥珀酸衍生物，优选琥珀酸酐。优选使用聚烯基琥珀酸和聚烯基琥珀酸衍生物，优选聚烯基琥珀酸酐，尤其是聚异丁烯基琥珀酸酐。
二羧酸或它们的衍生物、特别是二羧酸酐与胺的反应可以形成其中包含二羧酸单酰胺、二羧酸二酰胺、二羧酸单酰胺的铵盐、二羧酸单酰胺单酯、脒以及二羧酸的单酰亚胺或二酰亚胺的产物混合物。适用的组分A既可以是所提及的单个酰基化产物，还可以是它们的混合物。但是，优选二羧酸的酰亚胺，特别是二羧酸的单酰亚胺。
为了与羧酸或羧酸衍生物反应，适用的胺是一元胺，即分子中仅有一个氨基官能团的胺，以及多胺，即分子中具有至少两个氨基官能团的那些。
适用的一元胺是具有3-10个碳原子的脂族伯胺和仲胺，例如丙基胺、丁基胺、戊基胺、己基胺、辛基胺、二乙胺、二丙胺、二异丙基胺、二丁基胺、环己基胺、N-甲基环己基胺、N-乙基环己基胺、哌啶、哌嗪和吗啉。一元胺的混合物也是合适的，尤其是可在工业规模上获得的胺混合物，例如脂肪胺，如在例如《Ullmanns工业化学百科全书》(UllmannsEncyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry)，第6版，2000电子出版物，“Amines，aliphatic”章所述的，其中内容通过参考在此全部引用。
但是，优选使用多胺。
适用的多胺的实例包括通式为NR1R2R3的那些，其中R1、R2和R3基中的至少一个是下述式II、III或IV的基团：
或
其中
R4、R5、R6、R7、R8和R11彼此独立地为H或C1-C6烷基，
R9和R10彼此独立地为H、C1-C6烷基或C1-C6羟基烷基，
x和z彼此独立地是1-8的数和
y是0-8的数。
R4、R5、R6、R7、R8和R11优选分别为H或甲基。
尽管R1、R2和R3基中至少一个必须是H，但那些不是式II、III或IV基的R1、R2和R3基优选是H、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6羟基烷基或C3-C8环烷基。
在上述R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8和R11基团的定义中，C1-C6烷基特别为甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、正丁基、仲丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、戊基或己基。
C1-C6羟基烷基尤其是被羟基取代的上述C1-C6烷基。
C3-C8环烷基尤其为环丙基、环戊基、甲基环戊基、环己基、甲基环己基和环辛基。
更优选地，R1和R2是H且R3是其中R4、R5、R6、R7、R8和R10各自为H的式I的基团。
适用的多胺实例包括乙二胺、二亚乙基三胺、三亚乙基四胺、四亚乙基五胺、五亚乙基六胺、亚丙基二胺、二亚丙基三胺、三亚丙基四胺、四亚丙基五胺、五亚丙基六胺、亚丁基二胺、二亚丁基三胺、三亚丁基四胺、四亚丁基五胺、五亚丁基六胺、N，N-二甲基亚甲基二胺、N，N-二乙基亚甲基二胺、N，N-二丙基亚甲基二胺、N，N-二甲基亚乙基-1，2-二胺、N，N-二乙基亚乙基-1，2-二胺、N，N-二丙基亚乙基-1，2-二胺、N，N-二甲基亚丙基-1，3-二胺、N，N-二乙基亚丙基-1，3-二胺、N，N-二丙基亚丙基-1，3-二胺、N，N-二甲基亚丁基-1，4-二胺、N，N-二乙基亚丁基-1，4-二胺、N，N-二丙基亚丁基-1，4-二胺、N，N-二甲基亚戊基-1，5-二胺、N，N-二乙基亚戊基-1，5-二胺、N，N-二丙基亚戊基-1，5-二胺、N，N-二甲基亚己基-1，6-二胺、N，N-二乙基亚己基-1，6-二胺、N，N-二丙基亚己基-1，6-二胺、二[2-(N，N-二甲基氨基)乙基]胺、二[2-(N，N-二乙基氨基)乙基]胺、二[2-(N，N-二丙基氨基)乙基]胺、二[3-(N，N-二甲基氨基)丙基]胺、二[3-(N，N-二乙基氨基)丙基]胺、二[3-(N，N-二丙基氨基)丙基]胺、二[4-(N，N-二甲基氨基)丁基]胺、二[4-(N，N-二乙基氨基)丁基]胺、二[4-(N，N-二丙基氨基)丁基]胺、二[5-(N，N-二甲基氨基)戊基]胺、二[5-(N，N-二乙基氨基)戊基]胺、二[5-(N，N-二丙基氨基)戊基]胺、二[6-(N，N-二甲基氨基)己基]胺、二[6-(N，N-二乙基氨基)己基]胺、二[6-(N，N-二丙基氨基)己基]胺等。这些多胺在纽约Interscience出版社于1965年出版的Kirk-Othemers《化学技术百科全书》(Encyclipedia of ChemicalTechnology)，第2版，第7卷，第22-37页“Ethyleneamines”章有描述。
制备上述N-酰基化合物的方法是本领域技术人员公知的。特别适合制备多烯基琥珀酸酰亚胺的方法在德国专利申请DE-A-10123553.4中有描述，其中内容通过参考在此全部引用。在该方法中，多烯基琥珀酸酐首先与醇或酚反应，然后与胺反应。此外，多烯基琥珀酸酐也可以在醇或酚的存在下与所述胺反应。
适合制备多烯基琥珀酰亚胺的醇优选是一元醇；但是，多元醇也是适用的。
优选使用具有1-16个碳原子的一元醇，例如甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、异丙醇、丁醇、仲丁醇、异丁醇、叔丁醇、2-羟甲基呋喃、戊醇、异戊醇、丙烯醇、环己醇、正己醇、6-辛醇、2-乙基己醇、正癸醇、月桂醇、异辛醇和它们的混合物。优选的醇是具有6-16个碳原子的那些。特别优选的是2-乙基己醇。
适用的酚包括苯酚、萘酚、(邻、对)烷基苯酚和水杨酸。
制备多烯基取代的羧酸及其衍生物的方法是公知的。例如，德国专利申请DE-A-10123553.4描述了通过多烯烃与一元不饱和酸或其衍生物反应制备多烯烃取代的羧酸或其衍生物，其中多烯烃在烯反应中加成到酸组分的双键上。
组分B优选是部分或全部被胺中和的脂肪酸。
组分B更优选包含至少一种式I的脂肪酸盐：
其中
R为C7-C23烷基或单不饱和或多不饱和的C7-C23烯基，其中各自可非必要地被一个或多个羟基取代；
A为C2-C8亚烷基；
Z为C1-C8亚烷基、C3-C8环亚烷基、C6-C12亚芳基或C7-C20芳基亚烷基；
m是0-5的数；和
x1、x2、x3和x4各自独立地是0-24的数，其中至少一个x不是0，和非必要的至少一种其它的脂肪酸RCOOH，其中R如上定义。
这些脂肪酸盐已经描述在例如WO 01/38463中，该专利的内容通过参考在此全部引用。
出现在羧酸根阴离子RCOO-中或出现在脂肪酸RCOOH中的较长链的R基为，例如，可以另外带有羟基的支化或优选线性的C7-C23、优选C11-C21、尤其是C15-C19的烷基。母体羧酸的实例包括辛酸、2-乙基己酸、壬酸、癸酸、十一烷酸、十二烷酸(月桂酸)、十三烷酸、异十三烷酸、十四烷酸(肉豆蔻酸)、十六烷酸(棕榈酸)、十八烷酸(硬脂酸)和二十烷酸。所提到的酸可以是天然或合成的。羧酸根阴离子也可以是基于所提及的酸的混合物。
但是，出现在羧酸根阴离子RCOO-中或出现在脂肪酸RCOOH的较长链的R基优选可另外带有羟基的单不饱和或多不饱和C7-C23基团、尤其是单不饱和或多不饱和C11-C21、特别是C15-C19烯基。这些不饱和基团优选是线性的。在为多不饱和烯基情况下，所述这些优选包含两个或三个双键。母体羧酸的实例包括反油酸、蓖麻油酸、亚油酸和亚麻酸。使用油酸能够达到特别好的结果。羧酸根阴离子还可以基于这些不饱和羧酸彼此间的或与上述饱和羧酸的混合物。这些混合物的实例包括妥尔油、妥尔油脂肪酸和菜籽油脂肪酸。所提及的不饱和羧酸和混合物一般源自天然。
式I化合物中的亚烷基A优选衍生自适当的氧化烯烃，例如环氧乙烷、1，2-环氧丙烷、1，2-环氧丁烷和顺或反-2，3-环氧丁烷。但是，也可以是1，3-亚丙基、1，4-亚丁基，1，6-亚己基或1，8-亚辛基。A同样还可以是所述不同基团的混合物。A更优选的是亚乙基、1，2-亚丙基或1，2-亚丁基。
变量z尤其是C1-C4亚烷基，例如亚甲基、1，2-亚丙基、1，2-亚丁基、1，3-亚丁基或2，3-亚丁基，C5-C6环亚烷基如1，3-亚环戊基或1，3-或1，4-亚环己基，或C6-C8亚芳基或芳基亚烷基，例如1，3-或1，4-亚苯基、2-甲基-1，4-亚苯基或1，3-或1，4-二亚甲基亚苯基。
但是，变量z优选是式-(CH2)n-的多亚甲基，其中n＝2-8，特别是n＝2-6，即，尤其是1，2-亚乙基、1，3-亚丙基、1，4-亚丁基、1，5-亚戊基和1，6-亚己基，但是另外也可以是1，7-亚庚基和1，8-亚辛基。
当变量m是0时，根据所有变量x1、x2和x3的总和(∑)，用作本发明阳离子组分的脂肪酸盐一般是基于单、二和/或三链烷醇胺或纯三链烷醇胺的混合物。所述链烷醇胺的实例包括单乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、单异丙醇胺、二异丙醇胺、三异丙醇胺以及相应的混合物。在该基团内，三乙醇胺的油酸盐[(x1+x2+x3)]＝3；A＝亚乙基]是特别令人感兴趣的。
但是，变量m特别优选是1或2。当m＝1时，所述母体分子是完全和/或部分烷氧基化的亚烷基二胺，例如1，2-乙二胺、1，3-丙二胺和1，4-丁二胺。当m＝2时，所述母体分子一般是完全和/或部分烷氧基化的二亚烷基三胺，例如二(1，2-亚乙基)三胺、二(1，3-亚丙基)三胺或二(1，4-亚丁基)三胺。在该基团内，N，N，N’，N’-四(2’-羟乙基)-1，2-亚乙基二胺(∑x＝4)和N，N，N’，N’-四(2’-羟丙基)-1，2-亚乙基二胺(∑x＝4)的二油酸盐以及与4-5摩尔环氧乙烷或1，2-环氧丙烷反应的二(1，2-亚乙基)三胺的三油酸盐具有特别意义。
但是，根据本发明使用的脂肪酸盐所基于的胺组分还可以是所述亚烷基二胺和二亚烷基三胺的更高级同系物，例如三亚乙基四胺(m＝3)、四亚乙基五胺(m＝4)或五亚烷基六胺(m＝5)。
在优选实施方案中，每个胺分子引入的氧化亚烷基单元(OA)的数x，即x1、x2、x3与x4的总和(∑x)取决于母体胺中的N-H键的数并与N-H键的数(∑x＝m+3)相对应。但是，也可以引入较多的或较少的OA单元。在引入数大于以化学计量引入的情况下，优选上限是每N-H键的三重烷氧基化[(m+3)的300％]，这与所得到的脂肪酸盐性能有关。在引入数小于以化学计量引入的情况下，相应的优选下限是平均50％的烷氧基化[(m+3)的50％]；这样导致具有不同烷氧基化程度的物质的混合。
在特别优选的实施方式中，所有x变量的总和(∑)具有的值为从(m+3)的75％到(m+3)的125％。
通式I的脂肪酸盐一般可便利地通过利用传统方法烷氧基化母体胺并随后用式RCOOH的脂肪酸中和而制备。
当使用氧化C2-C4亚烷基时，为了将第一氧化亚烷基单元引入到N-H键的烷氧基化可有利地在无催化剂、少量水(一般为基于所用胺的0.5-5重量％)的存在下、在80-140℃的温度下进行，并且为了引入其它氧化亚烷基单元，在无水、碱性催化剂(例如诸如氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾的碱金属氢氧化物)的存在下、于100-150℃的温度下进行。
依照该方法获得的烷氧基化胺一般通过以下方式进行中和：与适当的化学计量量或略低于化学计量的量(即理论值的90-100％，特别是95-100％)的脂肪酸一起加热至30℃-100℃、尤其40-80℃，加热15分钟至10小时，特别是30分钟至10小时。中和反应应按照产物中没有羧酸酯馏分形成的方式进行。在许多情况下，烷氧基化胺和脂肪酸都可作为液体使用，从而使生成相应脂肪酸盐的反应特别简单。烷氧基化胺和脂肪酸的加入顺序不是关键的，即可以先加入烷氧基化胺并加入脂肪酸，也可以先加入脂肪酸并加入烷氧基化胺。
但是，原则上也可以将烷氧基化胺和脂肪酸作为单独组分加入添加剂浓缩物或矿物油产物，并使盐可以在其中生成。
组分A与组分B在添加剂混合物中的摩尔比优选为1∶10至10∶1，更优选1∶6至6∶1，尤其是1∶4至4∶1。
本发明还提供了上述添加剂混合物用于添加燃料和润滑剂组合物的用途。
合适的燃料是汽油燃料和中间馏分，例如柴油、取暖用油或煤油。并且优选柴油。
柴油是，例如一般具有100-400℃沸点的原油萃余液。它们通常是95％点的最高达360℃或更高的馏分。但是，它们也可以是“超低硫柴油”或“城市柴油(city diesel)”，其特征在于最高95％点的例如345℃且最高硫含量为0.005重量％，或95％点的例如285℃且最高硫含量0.001重量％。除通过精炼获得的柴油燃料之外，通过煤的气化或气体液化(“天然气制油”(GTL)燃料)获得的那些也是合适的。上述柴油燃料与可再生燃料如生物柴油或生物乙醇的混合物也是适用的。
特别优选的是将本发明的添加剂混合物用于加入具有低硫含量的柴油燃料，即所述燃料具有的硫含量为含有低于0.05重量％、优选低于0.02重量％、特别是低于0.005重量％、尤其是低于0.001重量％的硫。
特别优选将本发明添加剂混合物用于减少在具有和不具有燃料直喷的柴油机系统喷射体系区域中由燃烧引起的碳沉积，其中优选具有燃料直喷的柴油机。
还优选的是将本发明添加剂混合物用于减少燃料的腐蚀作用。
本发明进一步提供了一种燃料组合物，其中包含主要量的烃燃料和有效量的本发明添加剂混合物和非必要的至少一种其它添加剂。至于优选的燃料，前面描述中已提供了参考。
本发明添加剂混合物在燃料中的存在量优选为基于已添加了添加剂的燃料总量的1-1000ppm(重量)，更优选10-500ppm(重量)，特别优选50-200ppm(重量)。
本发明进一步提供了一种润滑剂组合物，其中包含有效量的本发明添加剂混合物、润滑剂以及非必要的至少一种其它添加剂。
本发明还提供了一种添加剂浓缩物，其中包含本发明添加剂混合物、至少一种溶剂或稀释剂和非要的至少一种其它添加剂。
可用的稀释剂的实例包括在原油加工中获得的馏分，例如煤油、石脑油或光亮油。此外，芳族或脂族烃和烷氧基链烷醇是合适的。在是中间馏分的情况下，特别是在是柴油燃料的情况下，优选使用的稀释剂是石脑油、煤油、柴油燃料、如Solvent Naphtha heavy，Solvesso或Shellsol的芳族烃以及这些溶剂和稀释剂的混合物。
本发明添加剂混合物在浓缩物中的存在量优选为基于浓缩物总重的0.1-80重量％，更优选1-70重量％，特别优选20-60重量％。
除本发明的添加剂混合物之外，可以存在于本发明的燃料或浓缩物、尤其是柴油燃料中的可用添加剂包括清洁剂、缓蚀剂、除雾剂、破乳化剂、消泡剂、抗氧化剂、金属钝化剂、多功能稳定剂、十六烷值提高剂、燃烧改进剂、染料、指示剂、增溶剂、抗静电剂、其它的传统润滑改进剂、改进低温特性的添加剂如流动改进剂(“MDF”)、石蜡分散剂(“WASA”)和最后提到的两种添加剂的组合(“WAFI”)。
传统的润滑改进剂的实例包括羧酸，尤其是脂肪酸，它们的酯，尤其是与多元醇的酯，这些酸和酯的混合物，无灰燃烧的N-酰基化合物，例如多烯基琥珀酰胺，所述酸和/或酯与这些N-酰基化合物的混合物，例如在WO96/23855中所述的二(羟烷基)脂肪胺或羟基乙酰胺。
适用的流动改进剂的实例包括油溶性、极性氮化合物，如WO 95/33805中所述，例如一元或多元羧酸或磺酸的铵盐和/或酰胺，和它们与乙烯和不饱和羧酸酯的共聚物和非必要的梳型高聚物的混合物。
在本发明添加剂混合物中组分A和B的协同有效组合导致：与现有技术添加剂相比，添加本发明添加剂的燃料的润滑性显著提高，燃料的腐蚀性和喷嘴的碳化显著降低。
下列实施例将进一步说明本发明。
实施例
下述实验使用以下燃料进行：
-根据DIN EN 590硫含量为48ppm的柴油燃料：柴油I，
-根据DIN EN 590硫含量为15ppm的柴油燃料(ULSD)：柴油II，
-根据DIN EN 590硫含量为4ppm的柴油燃料(MK1)：柴油III，
-5％的生物柴油与95％的柴油I混合：混合I
-8％的乙醇与91％的柴油I混合(1％的整装稳定剂)：混合II
-天然气制油：GTL
-20％的GTL与80％的柴油I混合：混合III
1.添加剂混合物组分的合成
1.1聚异丁烯琥珀酰亚胺(清洁剂I)的合成
在一个1升的三口烧瓶中，将630g聚异丁烯琥珀酸酐(聚异丁烯的分子量：1000)(水解数95)与0.2至2摩尔的2-乙基己醇混合，并在20分钟内加热到80-160℃。加入105g(0.55摩尔)四亚乙基五胺。在150-180℃下搅拌该混合物90-180分钟。然后在减压下除去醇。
1.2润滑改进剂(润滑I)的合成
将58.4g(0.2摩尔)N，N，N’N’-四(2’-羟丙基)-1，2-亚乙基二胺(由1，2-亚乙基二胺和4摩尔环氧丙烯在基于所用胺量的3重量％的水存在下获得)加热到60-80℃，并在两小时内在搅拌下与110.4g(0.4摩尔)油酸混合。其pH值不下降低于7。另继续搅拌2小时。所获得的产物具有2.39mmol/g的N-滴定度。
2.引擎实验
除本发明清洁剂I和润滑剂I的组合外，还使用了市场上常用的基于聚异丁烯琥珀酰亚胺的清洁剂(称为清洁剂II)和市场上常用的基于酸(称为润滑剂II)或基于酯(称为润滑剂III)的润滑改进剂，并且与本发明的清洁剂I和润滑剂I的组合进行性能比较。
2.1根据CEC-F23-A01的Peugeot XUD 9中喷嘴的碳化
依照CEC-F23-A01，采用现行10小时的试验步骤，在Peugeot XUD 9测试发动机中测定上述未经添加的基础燃料和燃料混合物在0.1mm针状冲程(needle stroke)下的流动限制，并与使用经添加的燃料和燃料混合物时观察到的喷嘴碳化进行比较。
经添加的燃料和混合物通过在各种情况下加入上述80mg/kg清洁剂I-II和120mg/kg润滑改进剂润滑剂I-III的组合而获得。
获得了下述结果：
| 燃料 | 清洁剂 | 润滑改进剂 | 在0.1mm针状冲程下的流动限制〔％〕 | 变化** |
| 柴油I | 0 | 0 | 91.6 | |
| 柴油II | 0 | 0 | 91.3 | |
| 柴油III | 0 | 0 | 90.5 | |
| 混合I | 0 | 0 | 91.6 | |
| 混合II | 0 | 0 | 90.0 | |
| GTL | 0 | 0 | 89.9 | |
| 混合III | 0 | 0 | 90.3 | |
| 柴油I | 清洁剂I | 0 | 64.7 | |
| 柴油II | 清洁剂I | 0 | 68.2 | |
| 柴油III | 清洁剂I | 0 | 69.4 | |
| 混合I | 清洁剂I | 0 | 74.5 | |
| 混合II | 清洁剂I | 0 | 72.3 | |
| GTL | 清洁剂I | 0 | 71.4 |
| 混合III | 清洁剂I | 0 | 68.9 | |
| 柴油I | 清洁剂I | 润滑剂I | 57.6 | Δ＝7.1 |
| 柴油II | 清洁剂I | 润滑剂I | 62.7 | Δ＝5.5 |
| 柴油III | 清洁剂I | 润滑剂I | 60.6 | Δ＝8.8 |
| 混合I | 清洁剂I | 润滑剂I | 68.0 | Δ＝6.5 |
| 混合II | 清洁剂I | 润滑剂I | 64.7 | Δ＝7.6 |
| GTL | 清洁剂I | 润滑剂I | 65.1 | Δ＝6.3 |
| 混合III | 清洁剂I | 润滑剂I | 62.3 | Δ＝6.6 |
| 柴油I | 清洁剂II | 0 | 70.8 | |
| 柴油II | 清洁剂II | 0 | 73.9 | |
| 柴油I | 清洁剂II | 润滑剂II | 71.2 | Δ＝-0.4 |
| 柴油II | 清洁剂II | 润滑剂II | 75.0 | Δ＝-1.1 |
| 柴油I | 清洁剂II | 润滑剂III | 70.8 | Δ＝0.0 |
| 柴油II | 清洁剂II | 润滑剂III | 73.7 | Δ＝0.2 |
**与不使用润滑改进剂测得的流动限制的差别
与单独使用清洁剂I获得的结果相比，根据本发明的清洁剂I与润滑剂I的组合显示性能改进了6-9％。其它组合没有观察到显著改进。
2.2根据ASTM D 665 A/B的腐蚀试验
在钢制机械手(steel finger)试验中，依照ASTM D 665 A在蒸馏水中、依照ASTM D 665 B中在合成盐水中测试上述未经添加的基础燃料和燃料混合物的腐蚀特性，并与使用经添加的燃料和燃料混合物时观察到的腐蚀特性进行比较。
所述经添加的燃料和混合物通过在各种情况下加入上述80mg/kg清洁剂I-II和120mg/kg润滑改进剂润滑剂I-III的组合而获得。
测试结果依照NACE TM-01-72评估如下：
A≈100％无腐蚀
B++≈整个表面的0.1％或更低被腐蚀
B+≈整个表面的0.1-5％被腐蚀
B≈整个表面的5-25％被腐蚀
C≈整个表面的25-50％被腐蚀
D≈整个表面的50-75％被腐蚀
E≈整个表面的75-100％被腐蚀
获得了下述结果：
| 燃料 | 清洁剂 | 润滑改进剂 | 根据ASTM D进行的测试 | 根据NACE TM-01-72评价的腐蚀特性** |
| 柴油I | 0 | 0 | 665A | C |
| 柴油II | 0 | 0 | 665A | B |
| 柴油III | 0 | 0 | 665A | B+ |
| 混合I | 0 | 0 | 665A | C |
| 混合II | 0 | 0 | 665A | D |
| GTL | 0 | 0 | 665A | C |
| 混合III | 0 | 0 | 665A | C |
| 柴油I | 清洁剂I | 0 | 665A | B+ |
| 柴油II | 清洁剂I | 0 | 665A | B++ |
| 柴油III | 清洁剂I | 0 | 665A | A |
| 混合I | 清洁剂I | 0 | 665A | B+ |
| 混合II | 清洁剂I | 0 | 665A | B |
| GTL | 清洁剂I | 0 | 665A | B+ |
| 混合III | 清洁剂I | 0 | 665A | B+ |
| 柴油I | 清洁剂I | 润滑剂I | 665A | A |
| 柴油II | 清洁剂I | 润滑剂I | 665A | A |
| 柴油III | 清洁剂I | 润滑剂I | 665A | A |
| 混合I | 清洁剂I | 润滑剂I | 665A | A |
| 混合II | 清洁剂I | 润滑剂I | 665A | A |
| GTL | 清洁剂I | 润滑剂I | 665A | A |
| 混合III | 清洁剂I | 润滑剂I | 665A | A |
| 柴油I | 清洁剂II | 0 | 665A | C |
| 柴油II | 清洁剂II | 0 | 665A | B+ |
| 柴油I | 清洁剂II | 润滑剂II | 665A | B |
| 柴油II | 清洁剂II | 润滑剂II | 665A | B+ |
| 柴油I | 清洁剂II | 润滑剂III | 665A | B++ |
| 柴油II | 清洁剂II | 润滑剂III | 665A | B+ |
| 柴油I | 0 | 0 | 665B | E |
| 柴油II | 0 | 0 | 665B | E |
| 柴油I | 清洁剂I | 0 | 665B | C |
| 柴油II | 清洁剂I | 0 | 665B | B |
| 柴油I | 清洁剂I | 润滑剂I | 665B | B++ |
| 柴油II | 清洁剂I | 润滑剂I | 665B | A |
与单独使用清洁剂I获得的结果相比，根据本发明的清洁剂I和润滑剂I的组合再次显示了显著的改进性能。测试其它组合观察到较小的改进。
2.3根据HFRR测定润滑性
依照ASTM D 6079-99在HFRR测试中测试未经添加的基础燃料和燃料混合物的润滑性，并与使用经添加的燃料和燃料混合物时观察到的润滑性进行比较。
所述经添加的燃料和混合物通过在各种情况下加入上述80mg/kg清洁剂I和120mg/kg润滑改进剂I的组合获得。各种情况下测定的代表磨损斑点大小的WS1.4[μm]列于下述表中。
获得了下述结果：
| 燃料 | 清洁剂 | 润滑改进剂 | WS1.4[μm] | 相对提高[μm]** |
| 柴油I | 0 | 0 | 633 | |
| 柴油II | 0 | 0 | 590 | |
| 柴油III | 0 | 0 | 611 | |
| 混合I | 0 | 0 | 251 | |
| 混合II | 0 | 0 | 669 | |
| GTL | 0 | 0 | 650 | |
| 混合III | 0 | 0 | 663 | |
| 柴油I | 0 | 润滑剂I | 389 | |
| 柴油II | 0 | 润滑剂I | 440 | |
| 柴油III | 0 | 润滑剂I | 470 | |
| 混合I | 0 | 润滑剂I | 268 | |
| 混合II | 0 | 润滑剂I | 520 | |
| GTL | 0 | 润滑剂I | 420 | |
| 混合III | 0 | 润滑剂I | 403 | |
| 柴油I | 清洁剂I | 润滑剂I | 368 | Δ＝21 |
| 柴油II | 清洁剂I | 润滑剂I | 427 | Δ＝13 |
| 柴油III | 清洁剂I | 润滑剂I | 445 | Δ＝25 |
| 混合I | 清洁剂I | 润滑剂I | 252 | Δ＝16 |
| 混合II | 清洁剂I | 润滑剂I | 499 | Δ＝21 |
| GTL | 清洁剂I | 润滑剂I | 415 | Δ＝5 |
| 混合HI | 清洁剂I | 润滑剂I | 387 | Δ＝16 |
**与不使用清洁剂的情况下测得的WS1.4值的差别，单位μm与单独使用润滑剂I获得的结果相比，依照本发明的清洁剂I与润滑剂I的组合显示出性能提高了5-25μm。
Claims (20)
1.一种添加剂混合物，其含有：
i)至少一种具有清洁作用的添加剂作为组分A，其中所述添加剂具有至少一个数均分子量(Mn)为85至20000的疏水烃基和至少一个极性端基，
ii)至少一种被部分或完全中和的脂肪酸作为组分B。
2.如权利要求1所述的添加剂混合物，其中组分A的极性端基选自：
(a)具有最多达6个氮原子的单氨基或多氨基，其中至少一个氮原子具有碱性，
(b)硝基，非必要地与羟基组合，
(c)与其中至少一个氮原子具有碱性的单氨基或多氨基组合的羟基，
(d)被羟基、其中至少一个氮原子是碱性的单氨基或多氨基或氨基甲酸酯基封端的多氧-C2-C4-亚烷基，
(e)羧酸酯基，
(f)通过取代的酚与醛和单胺或多胺的曼尼奇反应形成的基团，和
(g)自羧酸酐衍生且具有羟基和/或氨基和/或酰胺和/或亚氨基的基团。
3.如权利要求2所述的添加剂混合物，其中组分A是无灰燃烧的酰化的氮化合物。
4.如前述权利要求中任意一项所述的添加剂混合物，其中所述烃基是其重复单元为衍生自选自丙烯、正丁烯和异丁烯和它们的混合物的单体的均聚物或共聚物。
5.如前述权利要求中任意一项所述的添加剂混合物，其中组分A可通过羧酸或羧酸衍生物与具有至少一个NH基的胺反应获得。
6.如权利要求5所述的添加剂混合物，其中所述羧酸或羧酸衍生物是二羧酸或二羧酸衍生物。
7.如权利要求6所述的添加剂混合物，其中所述羧酸或羧酸衍生物是聚烯基琥珀酸或聚烯基琥珀酸衍生物。
8.如权利要求7所述的添加剂混合物，其中组分A含有至少一种聚烯基琥珀酰亚胺。
9.如前述权利要求中任意一项所述的添加剂混合物，其中烃基衍生自反应性聚异丁烯。
10.如前述权利要求中任意一项所述的添加剂混合物，其中组分B中的脂肪酸被至少一种胺中和。
11.如权利要求10所述的添加剂混合物，其中组分B包含至少一种式I的脂肪酸盐：
其中
R为C7-C23烷基或单不饱和或多不饱和的C7-C23烯基，其各自可非必要地被一个或多个羟基取代；
A为C2-C8亚烷基；
Z为C1-C8亚烷基、C3-C8环亚烷基、C6-C12亚芳基或C7-C20芳基亚烷基；
m是0至5的数；和
x1、x2、x3和x4各自独立地是0至24的数，其中至少一个x不是0，
和非必要的至少一种其它的脂肪酸RCOOH，其中R如上定义。
12.如前述权利要求中任意一项所述的添加剂混合物，其中组分A与组分B的存在比例为1∶10至10∶1。
13.如前述权利要求中任意一项所定义的添加剂混合物的用途，用于添加燃料和润滑剂组合物。
14.如权利要求13所述的用途，用于减少在具有和不具有燃料直喷的柴油机的喷射系统中由燃烧引起的碳沉积。
15.如权利要求13所述的用途，用于减小燃料的腐蚀作用。
16.一种燃料组合物，其含有主要部分的烃燃料和有效量的如权利要求1至12中任意一项所定义的添加剂混合物和非必要的至少一种其它添加剂。
17.如权利要求16所述的燃料组合物或如权利要求13至15中任意一项所述的用途，其中所述燃料是柴油、取暖用油或煤油。
18.一种燃料组合物或如权利要求17所述的用途，其中所述柴油可通过精炼、碳的气化或气体液化获得，或为所述燃料的混合物，并且非必要地与可再生燃料混合。
19.一种润滑剂组合物，其含有有效量的如权利要求1至12中任意一项所定义的添加剂混合物和润滑剂以及非必要的至少一种其它添加剂。
20.一种添加剂浓缩物，其含有如权利要求1至12中任意一项所定义的添加剂混合物和至少一种稀释剂以及非必要的至少一种其它添加剂。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10239841A DE10239841A1 (de) | 2002-08-29 | 2002-08-29 | Additivgemische für Kraft- und Schmierstoffe |
| DE10239841.0 | 2002-08-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1678719A true CN1678719A (zh) | 2005-10-05 |
Family
ID=31502127
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA03820603XA Pending CN1678719A (zh) | 2002-08-29 | 2003-08-28 | 用于发动机燃料和润滑剂的添加剂混合物 |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20050268539A1 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP1537192A1 (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR20050048619A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1678719A (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU2003264123A1 (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2497123A1 (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE10239841A1 (zh) |
| NO (1) | NO20050660L (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2004024851A1 (zh) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102644525A (zh) * | 2011-02-18 | 2012-08-22 | 株式会社牧田 | 化油器 |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070214713A1 (en) * | 2004-08-06 | 2007-09-20 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Polyamine Additives For Fuels and Lubricants |
| US20060130394A1 (en) * | 2004-12-22 | 2006-06-22 | Flint Hills Resources, L.P. | Performance diesel fuels and additives |
| EP1705234A1 (de) * | 2005-03-24 | 2006-09-27 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Verwendung von Detergens-Additiven zur Verhinderung oder Verringerung der Bildung von Ablagerungen in den Einspritzsystemen von direkteinspritzenden Dieselmotoren |
| US7901469B2 (en) * | 2006-07-26 | 2011-03-08 | Alternative Fuels Group Inc. | Alternative organic fuel formulations including vegetable oil |
| US7238728B1 (en) | 2006-08-11 | 2007-07-03 | Seymour Gary F | Commercial production of synthetic fuel from fiber system |
| DE102007003344B3 (de) * | 2006-12-15 | 2008-07-10 | Helmut KÖRBER | Dieselkraftstoffgemisch |
| US8580139B2 (en) * | 2008-08-02 | 2013-11-12 | Georgia-Pacific Chemicals Llc | Dedusting compositions and methods for making and using same |
| US20110290207A1 (en) * | 2010-05-26 | 2011-12-01 | Taconic Energy, Inc. | System for enhancing the fuel economy of a diesel engine |
| EP2589647A1 (de) * | 2011-11-04 | 2013-05-08 | Basf Se | Quaternisierte Polyetheramine und deren Verwendung als Additive in Kraft- und Schmierstoffen |
Family Cites Families (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4129508A (en) * | 1977-10-13 | 1978-12-12 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Demulsifier additive compositions for lubricants and fuels and concentrates containing the same |
| US4724091A (en) * | 1983-03-31 | 1988-02-09 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Alkyl phenol and amino phenol compositions and two-cycle engine oils and fuels containing same |
| DE3611230A1 (de) * | 1986-04-04 | 1987-10-08 | Basf Ag | Polybutyl- und polyisobutylamine, verfahren zu deren herstellung und diese enthaltende kraft- und schmierstoffzusammensetzungen |
| US4877416A (en) * | 1987-11-18 | 1989-10-31 | Chevron Research Company | Synergistic fuel compositions |
| US4849572A (en) * | 1987-12-22 | 1989-07-18 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Process for preparing polybutenes having enhanced reactivity using boron trifluoride catalysts (PT-647) |
| DE3826608A1 (de) * | 1988-08-05 | 1990-02-08 | Basf Ag | Polyetheramine oder polyetheraminderivate enthaltende kraftstoffe fuer ottomotoren |
| DE3838918A1 (de) * | 1988-11-17 | 1990-05-23 | Basf Ag | Kraftstoffe fuer verbrennungsmaschinen |
| DE4030164A1 (de) * | 1990-09-24 | 1992-03-26 | Basf Ag | Kraftstoffe fuer verbrennungsmotoren und schmierstoffe enthaltende hochmolekulare aminoalkohole |
| US5264005A (en) * | 1991-08-09 | 1993-11-23 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Two-cycle lubricants and methods of using the same |
| DE4313088A1 (de) * | 1993-04-22 | 1994-10-27 | Basf Ag | Poly-1-n-alkenamine und diese enthaltende Kraft- und Schmierstoffzusammensetzungen |
| DE4425835A1 (de) * | 1994-07-21 | 1996-01-25 | Basf Ag | Verwendung von Umsetzungsprodukten aus Polyolefinen und Stickoxiden oder Gemischen aus Stickoxiden und Sauerstoff als Additive für Kraftstoffe |
| DE4425834A1 (de) * | 1994-07-21 | 1996-01-25 | Basf Ag | Umsetzungsprodukte aus Polyisobutenen und Stickoxiden oder Gemischen aus Stickoxiden und Sauerstoff und ihre Verwendung als Kraft- und Schmierstoffadditive |
| DE4432038A1 (de) * | 1994-09-09 | 1996-03-14 | Basf Ag | Polyetheramine enthaltende Kraftstoffe für Ottomotoren |
| DE19525938A1 (de) * | 1995-07-17 | 1997-01-23 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von organischen Stickstoffverbindungen, spezielle organische Stickstoffverbindungen und Mischungen aus solchen Verbindungen sowie deren Verwendung als Kraft- und Schmierstoffadditive |
| DE19620262A1 (de) * | 1996-05-20 | 1997-11-27 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyalkenaminen |
| GB9618546D0 (en) * | 1996-09-05 | 1996-10-16 | Bp Chemicals Additives | Dispersants/detergents for hydrocarbons fuels |
| DE19955651A1 (de) * | 1999-11-19 | 2001-05-23 | Basf Ag | Verwendung von Festsäuresalzen von alkoxylierten Oligoaminen als Schmierfähigkeitsverbesserer für Mineralölprodukte |
| US6606856B1 (en) * | 2000-03-03 | 2003-08-19 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Process for reducing pollutants from the exhaust of a diesel engine |
| DE10123553A1 (de) * | 2001-05-15 | 2002-11-21 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyalkenylsuccinimidprodukten, neue Polyalkenylsuccinimidprodukte mit verbesserten Eigenschaften, Zwischenprodukte und Verwendungen |
| AR038357A1 (es) * | 2002-02-12 | 2005-01-12 | Shell Int Research | Composiciones de gasolina |
| US6866690B2 (en) * | 2002-04-24 | 2005-03-15 | Ethyl Corporation | Friction modifier additives for fuel compositions and methods of use thereof |
| US6733551B2 (en) * | 2002-06-18 | 2004-05-11 | Chevron Oronite Company Llc | Method of improving the compatibility of a fuel additive composition containing a Mannich condensation product |
-
2002
- 2002-08-29 DE DE10239841A patent/DE10239841A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-08-28 CN CNA03820603XA patent/CN1678719A/zh active Pending
- 2003-08-28 KR KR1020057003212A patent/KR20050048619A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-08-28 EP EP03794964A patent/EP1537192A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-08-28 WO PCT/EP2003/009553 patent/WO2004024851A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-08-28 AU AU2003264123A patent/AU2003264123A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-08-28 CA CA002497123A patent/CA2497123A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-08-28 US US10/526,254 patent/US20050268539A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2005
- 2005-02-08 NO NO20050660A patent/NO20050660L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102644525A (zh) * | 2011-02-18 | 2012-08-22 | 株式会社牧田 | 化油器 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20050048619A (ko) | 2005-05-24 |
| NO20050660L (no) | 2005-03-29 |
| DE10239841A1 (de) | 2004-03-11 |
| CA2497123A1 (en) | 2004-03-25 |
| WO2004024851A1 (de) | 2004-03-25 |
| EP1537192A1 (de) | 2005-06-08 |
| AU2003264123A1 (en) | 2004-04-30 |
| US20050268539A1 (en) | 2005-12-08 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| RU2485171C2 (ru) | Функциональные флюиды для двигателей внутреннего сгорания | |
| CN106062154B (zh) | 聚合物作为燃料和润滑剂的添加剂 | |
| CN1308422C (zh) | 直喷汽油式发动机的燃料组合物 | |
| EP3149126B1 (en) | Low molecular weight amide/ester containing quaternary ammonium salts | |
| CN1993449A (zh) | 用于燃料和润滑剂的多胺添加剂 | |
| EP3060637B1 (en) | Use of a polyalkylene glycol to reduce fuel consumption | |
| CN1095872C (zh) | 用于燃料和润滑剂的减小摩擦添加剂 | |
| MX2012013164A (es) | Composicion, metodo y uso. | |
| CN102906235A (zh) | 发动机中提供功率增益的方法 | |
| JP2016525152A (ja) | 燃料用添加剤としてのベタイン化合物 | |
| CN1768109A (zh) | 具有改进的应用性能的聚烯烃胺 | |
| CN1678719A (zh) | 用于发动机燃料和润滑剂的添加剂混合物 | |
| CN1112428C (zh) | 燃料油组合物 | |
| RU2237081C2 (ru) | Применение солей жирных кислот алкоксилированных олигоаминов в качестве веществ, улучшающих смазывающую способность нефтепродуктов | |
| JP2016518503A (ja) | 燃料添加剤組成物 | |
| EP3383978B1 (en) | Ultra-low molecular weight amide/ester containing quaternary ammonium salts having short hydrocarbon tails | |
| CN1129010A (zh) | 含脂肪胺、聚烯烃和聚(氧化烯)单醇的燃料添加剂组合物 | |
| CN1125870C (zh) | 用于燃料和润滑剂的减小摩擦添加剂 | |
| US8709108B2 (en) | Fuel compositions | |
| US20080085845A1 (en) | Branched succinimide dispersant compounds and methods of making the compounds | |
| EP3149130B1 (en) | Use of epoxide quaternized quaternary ammonium salts | |
| WO2002006428A1 (en) | Additive composition for middle distillate fuels and middle distillate fuel compositions containing same | |
| CN1129009A (zh) | 含脂肪胺、聚烯烃和芳酯的燃料添加剂组合物 | |
| CN1552827A (zh) | 低硫柴油多效添加剂组合物 | |
| CN1630703A (zh) | 乳化剂、尤其基于聚异丁烯胺的乳化剂 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |