CN1678340A - O-衍化诺卡硫星衍生物 - Google Patents
O-衍化诺卡硫星衍生物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1678340A CN1678340A CNA038206323A CN03820632A CN1678340A CN 1678340 A CN1678340 A CN 1678340A CN A038206323 A CNA038206323 A CN A038206323A CN 03820632 A CN03820632 A CN 03820632A CN 1678340 A CN1678340 A CN 1678340A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- alkyl
- chemical compound
- nocathiacin
- formula
- aryl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- 229930187937 nocathiacin Natural products 0.000 title description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 241000192125 Firmicutes Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 125000006297 carbonyl amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:2])C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- -1 2-ethoxy Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 241000191967 Staphylococcus aureus Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Substances C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000194032 Enterococcus faecalis Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000193998 Streptococcus pneumoniae Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940032049 enterococcus faecalis Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940031000 streptococcus pneumoniae Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 108010059993 Vancomycin Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002757 morpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004193 piperazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005936 piperidyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000719 pyrrolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960003165 vancomycin Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- MYPYJXKWCTUITO-UHFFFAOYSA-N vancomycin Natural products O1C(C(=C2)Cl)=CC=C2C(O)C(C(NC(C2=CC(O)=CC(O)=C2C=2C(O)=CC=C3C=2)C(O)=O)=O)NC(=O)C3NC(=O)C2NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC)C(O)C(C=C3Cl)=CC=C3OC3=CC2=CC1=C3OC1OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C1OC1CC(C)(N)C(O)C(C)O1 MYPYJXKWCTUITO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- MYPYJXKWCTUITO-LYRMYLQWSA-O vancomycin(1+) Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC1=C2C=C3C=C1OC1=CC=C(C=C1Cl)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H]3C(=O)N[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](C3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C=3C(O)=CC=C1C=3)C([O-])=O)=O)[C@H](O)C1=CC=C(C(=C1)Cl)O2)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](CC(C)C)[NH2+]C)[C@H]1C[C@](C)([NH3+])[C@H](O)[C@H](C)O1 MYPYJXKWCTUITO-LYRMYLQWSA-O 0.000 claims description 6
- 206010062207 Mycobacterial infection Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000027531 mycobacterial infectious disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- CXDHJGCWMIOAQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-pyridin-3-yl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C1CCNC(C=2C=NC=CC=2)=N1 CXDHJGCWMIOAQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000187479 Mycobacterium tuberculosis Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 claims description 3
- RJQXTJLFIWVMTO-TYNCELHUSA-N Methicillin Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(OC)=C1C(=O)N[C@@H]1C(=O)N2[C@@H](C(O)=O)C(C)(C)S[C@@H]21 RJQXTJLFIWVMTO-TYNCELHUSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960003085 meticillin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000194031 Enterococcus faecium Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930182555 Penicillin Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N Penicillin G Chemical compound N([C@H]1[C@H]2SC([C@@H](N2C1=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)C(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000852 azido group Chemical group *N=[N+]=[N-] 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000721 bacterilogical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940049954 penicillin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005931 tert-butyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(OC(*)=O)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 201000008827 tuberculosis Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
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- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 41
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 37
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- FFLJEMWVYVKPDW-UMNFMQIXSA-N chembl263049 Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@H]2OCC3=C(N(C=4C=CC=C(C3=4)COC1=O)O)C(=O)OC[C@H]1C=3SC=C(N=3)C3=NC(=C(O)C=C3C=3SC=C(N=3)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N/C(C=3SC=C(N=3)C(=O)N[C@@H]2C=2SC=C(N=2)C(=O)N1)=C(C)/OC)[C@@H](C)O)C=1SC=C(N=1)C(=O)NC(=C)C(N)=O)[C@H]1C[C@](C)(O)[C@H](N(C)C)[C@H](C)O1 FFLJEMWVYVKPDW-UMNFMQIXSA-N 0.000 description 31
- FFLJEMWVYVKPDW-VCUUIXPJSA-N nocathiacin I Natural products COC(=C1NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)c2csc(n2)c3cc(O)c(nc3c4csc(n4)[C@@H]5COC(=O)c6c7CO[C@@H]([C@H](NC(=O)c8csc1n8)c9nc(cs9)C(=O)N5)[C@H](O[C@H]%10C[C@](C)(O)[C@@H]([C@H](C)O%10)N(C)C)C(=O)OCc%11cccc(c7%11)n6O)c%12nc(cs%12)C(=O)NC(=C)C(=O)N)[C@@H](C)O)C FFLJEMWVYVKPDW-VCUUIXPJSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 108010081596 nocathiacin I Proteins 0.000 description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 27
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 25
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 22
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 20
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 18
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 108010054036 nocathiacin IV Proteins 0.000 description 16
- FSNODJXNXRVAMV-YZPTXKGYSA-N nocathiacin IV Natural products COC(C)=C1NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)c2csc(n2)-c2cc(O)c(nc2-c2csc(n2)[C@@H]2COC(=O)c3c4CO[C@@H]([C@H](NC(=O)c5csc1n5)c1nc(cs1)C(=O)N2)[C@H](O[C@H]1C[C@](C)(O)[C@@H]([C@H](C)O1)N(C)C)C(=O)OCc1cccc(n3O)c41)-c1nc(cs1)C(N)=O)[C@@H](C)O FSNODJXNXRVAMV-YZPTXKGYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- MOIINOOEYKBTNV-WCIJOHLISA-N nocathiacin iv Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@H]2OCC3=C(N(C=4C=CC=C(C3=4)COC1=O)O)C(=O)OC[C@H]1C=3SC=C(N=3)C3=NC(/C(=O)C=C3C=3SC=C(N=3)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N/C(C=3SC=C(N=3)C(=O)N[C@@H]2C=2SC=C(N=2)C(=O)N1)=C(C)/OC)[C@@H](C)O)=C\1SC=C(N/1)C(N)=O)[C@H]1C[C@](C)(O)[C@H](N(C)C)[C@H](C)O1 MOIINOOEYKBTNV-WCIJOHLISA-N 0.000 description 16
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoroacetic acid Substances OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 12
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- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical class [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 11
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- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 7
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- YYYXREXEAQIJTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N N1(CCCC1)[PH4] Chemical compound N1(CCCC1)[PH4] YYYXREXEAQIJTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L caesium carbonate Chemical compound [Cs+].[Cs+].[O-]C([O-])=O FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
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- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DYHSDKLCOJIUFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butoxycarbonyl anhydride Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)OC(=O)OC(C)(C)C DYHSDKLCOJIUFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UZPGPVQCDJXSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylazanium;iodate Chemical compound [O-]I(=O)=O.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC UZPGPVQCDJXSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydropyrrole Substances C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004797 therapeutic response Effects 0.000 description 1
- DBGVGMSCBYYSLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylstannane Chemical compound CCCC[SnH](CCCC)CCCC DBGVGMSCBYYSLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M triflate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明提供具有有效抗生素活性的式(I)化合物,所述活性包括抗革兰氏阳性菌和分枝杆菌的活性。
Description
发明背景
许多临床上重要病原菌的多重耐药菌株,包括耐甲氧西林的金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)(MRSA)、肺炎链球菌(Streptococcus pneumoniae)、结核分枝杆菌(Mycobacterium tuberculosis)和肠球菌(Enterococci)菌株,正在成为世界性健康难题。现在迫切需要发现新的药物,以治疗多重耐药菌感染患者。许多噻唑基肽抗生素具有抗革兰氏阳性菌(包括多重耐药菌株)的有效抗微生物活性。已经发现,新的诺卡硫星衍生物和相关噻唑基肽衍生物在纳摩尔水平具有抗革兰氏阳性菌的抑制活性。本文描述的诺卡硫星衍生物和相关噻唑基肽衍生物在体外表现出有效抗革兰氏阳性菌的抗微生物活性,并且在金黄色葡萄球菌全身感染动物模型体内有效。
本发明新的诺卡硫星衍生物衍生自噻唑基肽抗生素诺卡硫星I或II(参见J.E.Leet等,2001年4月17日授予的美国专利6,218,398(对应于PCT申请WO 00/03722,公布于2000年1月27日))和诺卡硫星IV(参见W.Li等,PCT申请WO 02/13834(公布于2002年2月21日))。
诺卡硫星I具有下式结构:
诺卡硫星II与诺卡硫星I结构相同,唯一不同的是OR2为H,而不是诺卡硫星I的OH。
其它诺卡硫星衍生物描述于2001年9月11日授予的美国专利6,287,827;2000年3月16日公布的PCT WO00/14100和2002年2月21日公布的PCT WO 02/14354。
现有技术尚不知道也没有提出本文描述的新的诺卡硫星衍生物及其在治疗感染性疾病中的用途。
发明概述
本发明包括如下定义的式I化合物,包括其药学可接受的盐。这些化合物具有有效的抗生素活性,包括抗革兰氏阳性菌和分枝杆菌的活性:
其中:
W为
Z选自-NH2和
R1选自
氢、-P(O)A1A2、-C(O)C1-6烷基、-C(O)芳基、-C(O)NHC1-6烷基、-C(O)NH芳基、-(CH2CH2O)mMe、-C1-6烯基、-C1-6炔基和-C1-6烷基;其中所述C1-6烷基任选被1-6个羟基取代或任选被1-2个选自(a)-(i)的相同或不同取代基取代:
(a)CO2R3;
(b)CONR4R5;
(c)OP(O)A1A2;
(d)SO3H;
(e)-O(CH2)nSiR6 3;
(f)选自吡咯烷基、哌啶基、哌嗪基和吗啉基的杂脂环基;
(g)氰基;
(h)环氧基;和
(i)芳基;
前提条件是R1和R2不同时为H;
R2选自
氢、-P(O)A1A2、-SO3H、-C(O)C1-6烷基、-C(O)CH=CHCO2R3、-C(O)芳基、-C(O)N(H)(C1-6烷基-T)、-C(O)N(Me)(C1-6烷基-T)、-(CH2CH2O)pH、-(CH2CH2O)qMe、-C1-6烯基、-C1-6烷基和-C1-6炔基;其中所述-C1-6烷基任选被1-6个羟基取代或任选被1-2个选自(j)-(v)的相同或不同的取代基取代:
(j)卤基;
(k)CO2R3;
(l)CONR4R5;
(m)OP(O)A1A2;
(n)P(O)A1A2;
(o)SO3H;
(p)-O(CH2)rSiR6 3;
(q)选自吡咯烷基、哌啶基、哌嗪基、吗啉基、咪唑基和吡啶基的杂环基或杂脂环基;
(r)氰基;
(s)叠氮基;
(t)芳基;
(u)NR4R5;和
R3选自氢、C1-6烷基、烯丙基、苄基、2-羟乙基和2-四氢吡喃基;
R4和R5各自独立选自氢、C1-6烷基、CH2CN、CH2CH2NH(叔丁氧基羰基)、C(=NH)NH2和SO2N(C1-6烷基)2;或者R4和R5与连接它们的氮一起形成选自吡咯烷基、哌啶基、哌嗪基、吗啉基、咪唑基和吡啶的杂环基或杂脂环基;
R6选自C1-6烷基和苯基;
A1和A2各自独立选自氢、-C1-6烷基、-OC1-6烷基、苄氧基、2-氯乙氧基和羟基;
T选自氢、-OH、-(CH2CH2O)sH、-(CH2CH2O)tCH3和-NR4R5;
m、n、p、q、r、s和t独立为1-6;并且
芳基为任选被卤基或-CO2R3取代的苯基。
在一个优选的实施方案中,Z为
在另一个优选的实施方案中,Z为-NH2。
在另一个优选的实施方案中,Z为
并包括以下(a)-(q)的基团:
(a)R1和R2为CH3;
(b)R1和R2为P(O)(CH3)OH;
(c)R1和R2为CH2OP(O)(OH)2;
(d)R1为P(O)(CH3)OH,且R2为H;
(e)R1为
且R2为H;
(f)R1为H,且R2为P(O)(CH3)OH;
(g)R1为H,且R2为CH2CONH2;
(h)R1为H,且R2为CH2CO2CH3;
(i)R1为H,且R2为CH2CH2CH2SO3H;
(j)R1为H,且R2为CH2P(O)(OEt)2;
(k)R1为H,且R2为CH2OP(O)(OH)2;
(l)R1为H,且R2为CH2CH2Cl;
(n)R1为H,且R2为CH3;
(o)R1为H,且R2为CONH(CH2CH2O)4H;
在另一个优选的实施方案中,Z为-NH2。
R1为H,且R2为CH2CH2CH2SO3H。
另一个优选的实施方案包括一种药用组合物,所述组合物包含治疗有效量的化合物I(包括其药学可接受的盐)和药学可接受的载体、辅料或稀释剂。
另一个优选的实施方案包括一种治疗或预防细菌或分枝杆菌感染的方法,所述方法包括给予有需要的哺乳动物治疗有效量的化合物I(包括其药学可接受的盐)。更优选所述细菌感染是由革兰氏阳性菌或分枝杆菌引起。还更优选引起该革兰氏阳性菌感染或分枝杆菌感染的微生物选自耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌、耐万古霉素金黄色葡萄球菌、耐万古霉素粪肠球菌(Enterococcus faecalis)、耐万古霉素屎肠球菌(Enterococcus faecium)、耐青霉素肺炎链球菌(Streptococcuspneumoniae)和结核分枝杆菌。
发明详述
本发明包含用于治疗细菌感染的式I化合物,包括其药学可接受的盐。
本文公开的式I化合物的生理学上可接受的盐在本发明范围内。本文和本权利要求书中采用的术语“药学可接受的盐”包括无毒的碱加成盐。合适的盐包括但不限于例如由以下有机酸和无机酸衍生的盐:盐酸、氢溴酸、磷酸、硫酸、甲磺酸、乙酸、酒石酸、乳酸、亚磺酸、柠檬酸、马来酸、富马酸、山梨酸、乌头酸、水杨酸、苯二甲酸等。本文采用的术语“药学可接受的盐”也包括酸性基团(例如羧酸根)与相反离子的盐例如铵盐、碱金属(尤其是钠或钾)盐、碱土金属盐(尤其是钙或镁),以及与合适有机碱的盐,例如低级烷基胺(甲胺、乙胺、环己基胺等)或取代低级烷基胺(例如羟基取代的烷基胺如二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺或三(羟甲基)-氨基甲烷)或与碱例如哌啶或吗啉的盐。
本发明的化合物可具有式I中描述有其立体化学的中心以外的手性中心,因此可以为非对映体混合物或单一非对映体。需要理解的是,所有这样的异构体形式及其任何混合物都包括在本发明中。例如,式I化合物中的基团W是下式的糖残基:
需要理解的是,包括糖残基的外消旋形式以及如下糖残基的手性形式:
另外,本发明的某些化合物可与水或普通有机溶剂形成溶剂合物。所述溶剂合物在本发明范围内。
式I化合物可以采用流程1中所示的方法进行制备。按照J.E.Leet等描述于美国专利6,218,398(2001年4月17日授予)(所述专利文献通过引用整体结合到本文中)的方法,制备其中Z为下式的式II起始原料化合物:
以及按照W.Li等描述于PCT申请WO 02/13834(2002年2月2日公布)的方法,制备其中Z为-NH2的式II起始原料化合物。
PCT WO 02/13834的实施例1、2和3中公开了本文的起始原料II的(其中Z为-NH2)的诺卡硫星IV的制备方法。诺卡硫星IV的结构如下所示:
实施例1、2和3(下文称为制备1、2和3)在本文重复如下。
制备方法
制备方法1
通过生物转化和分离合成诺卡硫星IV的方法
向盛于500mL烧瓶的200mL诺卡硫星I的DMF(1mg/mL)溶液中加入400mg灰色链霉菌(Streptomyces griseus)蛋白酶(Sigma,目录号P5147)。将烧瓶在27℃和200rpm下温育45小时。将三个烧瓶的反应混合物合并并离心(3000rpm,15分钟)。上清液在旋转蒸发器中真空蒸发至干,得到0.76g褐色残余物。
将10mL DMF加入到褐色残余物中,离心(13000rpm,5分钟)除去不溶物。所得溶液采用Beckman System Gold的制备性HPLC系统,用YMC Pro-C18柱(20mmID×250mm长,5μ粒径,120孔径)进行制备性HPLC。洗脱液流速为10mL/分钟。在每次色谱中,样品(1-2mL)以1mM HCl(溶剂A)-乙腈(溶剂B)70/30(v/v)上样到柱上,然后用以下梯度程序进行分离:30%B,12分钟;30%-35% B(或34%或33% B)线性梯度,1分钟;35%(或34%或33% B),30分钟。在330nm下进行检测(UV)。用分析性HPLC检测并合并含有诺卡硫星IV的流分。诺卡硫星IV溶液用真空蒸发至小量体积,然后冷冻并冻干。得到总量为258mg的诺卡硫星IV盐酸盐。
诺卡硫星IV(盐酸盐)的理化特性
外观: 有光泽的黄色粒状粉末
分子式: C58H57N13O17S5-HCl
分子量: 1367
式量: 1403
质谱: HR-ESIMS[M+H]+m/z 1368.26927
ESI-MS/MS碎片离子:m/z 1197,1179,1135
红外光谱:主要IR带(cm-1)3427,1650,1536,1474,1208,1128,
604。
紫外光谱:λmax(MeOH)nm 221,294,359(logε4.84,4.45,
4.22)。
圆二色性:CDλnm(Δε)(MeOH)357(+6.3),306(-7.4),266
(+23.7),239(-51.8)。
HPLC(Rt):8.8分钟;(如分析性HPLC部分所述)。
1H-NMR: 观察到的化学位移(相对于DMSO-d6信号δ2.49):
δ10.79(
1H,s),9.08(1H,s),8.62(1H,s),8.57(1H,br),
8.55(1H br),8.51(1H,s),8.44(1H,s),8.22(1H,s),
7.98(1H,s),7.86(1H,s),7.84(1H,m),7.72(1H,d,
J=8.4Hz),7.67(1H,s),7.34(2H,br),7.18(1H,d,J=6.6
Hz),6.50(4H,s),6.00(1H,d,J=12.0Hz),5.72(2H,m),
5.21(1H,m),5.05(1H,br),5.03(1H,s),4.96(1H,d,
J=5.3Hz),4.78(1H,d,J=10.2Hz),4.52(1H,d,J=10.9
Hz),4.29(1H,d,J=9.6Hz),4.24(1H,m),4.13(1H,d,
J=10.5Hz),4.03(1H,d,J=9.3Hz),3.89(3H,s),3.87
(1H,m),3.07(1H,br),2.86(6H,s),2.47(1H,m),
2.11(1H,br),1.98(3H,s),1.92(1H,d,J=10.2Hz),1.59
(3H,s),1.51(1H,m),1.14(3H,br),0.79(3H,d,J=6.4
Hz)。
13C-NMR 观察到的化学位移(相对于DMSO-d6信号δ39.6):
δ171.6,168.2,168.0,167.8,167.0,163.7,163.3,161.7,
161.6,161.1,160.6,160.4,158.9,154.3,151.1,150.8,
149.7,148.8,145.6,143.3,135.0,134.4,130.3,128.0,
127.6,126.9,126.4,126.3,125.8,125.7,124.0,123.2,
120.0,119.4,112.9,111.2,109.6,94.7,79.2,71.0,68.9,
67.7,66.8,65.3,64.6,63.2,63.1,56.2,55.5,50.1,50.0,
46.4,44.0,38.9,30.3,17.9,17.6,13.1。
制备方法2
通过化学方法合成诺卡硫星IV
将诺卡硫星I(3.1g,2.1mmol)的THF(10mL)悬浮液用氢碘酸(57%溶于水中,0.5mL,3.8mmol)和甲基碘(1.0mL,16mmol)处理。反应混合物在密封试管内45℃加热16小时。然后让反应混合物冷却至室温。然后将乙醚(25mL)加入到该混合物中,过滤收集所得黄色沉淀,用乙醚(3×25mL)洗涤并减压干燥,得到3.4g含有诺卡硫星IV的氨碘酸盐的粗产物(82%纯度)(88%粗产物收率)。
一份粗制诺卡硫星IV(517mg)用制备性C-18柱进行反相色谱纯化,用CH3CN/H2O/TFA作为流动相(梯度洗脱,20% CH3CN/78%H2O/2%TFA至35% CH3CN/63% H2O/2% TFA)。分离出呈TFA盐形式的诺卡硫星IV(180mg,93%纯度)。该物质用于鉴定以及与生物转化产物对比。
诺卡硫星IV(三氟乙酸盐)的理化特性
外观: 黄色粒状粉末
分子式: C58H57N13O17S7-TFA
分子量: 1367
式量: 1482
质谱: HR-ESIMS[M+H]+m/z 1368.269
ESI-MS/MS碎片离子:m/z 1197,1179,1153,1135,
1117,719
红外光谱: 主要IR带(cm-1)3438,1676,1536,1475,1204,1132,
596
紫外光谱: λmax(MeOH)nm 219,294,359
圆二色性: CDλnm(Δε)(MeOH)3.55(+5.6),305(-6.3),265.5
(+21.0),239(-43.5),210.5(+29.9)
HPLC(Rt): 8.8分钟;(如分析性HPLC部分所述)。
该半合成物样品与生物转化产物的样品共同注入,
它们具有相同的保留时间。
1H-NMR: 观察到的化学位移(相对于DMSO-d6信号δ2.50):
δ10.84(1H,s),10.78(1H,s),9.11(1H,s),8.65(1H,s),
8.59(1H,br),8.57(1H,br),8.54(1H,s),8.46(1H,s),
8.22(1H,s),7.99(1H,s),7.89(1H,s),7.86(1H,d,J=
11Hz),7.75(1H,d,J=8.5),7.71(1H,s),7.37(2H,m),
7.19(1H,d,J=7.0Hz),6.02(1H,d,J=12.0Hz),5.76
(1H,dd,J=11.2Hz,4.2Hz),5.72(1H,d,J=10Hz),
5.23(1H,m),5.05(3H,m),4.79(1H,d,J=10.5),4.53
(1H,d,J=11Hz),4.30(1H,d,J=9.5Hz),4.25(1H,m),
4.16(3H,d,J=0.5Hz),4.05(1H,dd,J=9.5Hz,1.5Hz),
3.91(1H,s),3.87(1H,s),3.13(1H,br),2.88(6H,m),
2.50(1H,br),2.12(1H,m),2.0(3H,s),1.94(1H,
d=14.5Hz),1.60(3H,s),1.52(1H,d,J=7Hz),1.17(3H,
br),0.8(3H,d,J=7.0Hz)。
13C-NMR: 观察到的化学位移(相对于DMSO-d6信号δ39.6):
δ171.3,168.0,167.8,167.6,166.8,163.6,163.1,161.4,
160.9,160.4,160.2,158.7,154.1,150.9,150.6,149.5,
148.6,145.39,143.1,134.8,134.2,130.1,127.8,127.4,
126.7,126.3,126.1,125.6,125.5,123.8,123.0,119.8,
119.3,112.7,111.0,109.4,94.5,78.9,72.2,70.9,68.8,
67.5,66.3,65.1,64.4,63.0,62.7,56.0,49.9,49.7,46.5,
42.1,38.1,30.0,17.7,17.3,12.9。
制备方法3
诺卡硫星IV(游离碱)的合成方法
向诺卡硫星IV-TFA盐(制备方法2的化合物,35mg)的THF/CH3CN(3.5mL,6∶1)溶液中加入1,3-2-二氮杂磷杂苯/聚苯乙烯(26mg,2.3mmol/g),将所得混合物在25℃搅拌30分钟。然后过滤除去结合于树脂的碱(1,3-2-聚苯乙烯固载的1,3-2-二氮杂磷杂苯)。所得滤饼用MeOH、THF、CH3CN和H2O洗涤。然后所得滤液减压浓缩,以除去挥发物。所得溶液冷冻并冻干,得到24mg的诺卡硫星IV游离碱。
诺卡硫星IV(游离碱)的理化特性
外观: 黄色粒状粉末
分子式: C58H57N13O17S5
分子量: 1367
式量: 1367
质谱: HR-ESIMS[M+H]+m/z 1368.267
ESI-MS/MS碎片离子:m/z 1368.0,1196.9,1153.1,
1134.8,1116.9,719.1
HPLC(Rt): 8.8分钟;(如分析性HPLC部分所述)。
游离碱样品与半合成物(制备方法2的化合物)和生物
转化产物(制备方法1的化合物)具有相同的保留时
间。
1H-NMR: 观察到的化学位移(相对于DMSO-d6信号δ2.50):
δ10.74(1H,s),9.10(1H,s),8.65(1H,br),8.60(1H,s)
8.58(1H,br),8.51(1H,s),8.40(1H,s),8.25(1H,s),
7.99(1H,s),7.89(1H,s),7.88(1H,d,J=11.5Hz),
7.73(1H,m),7.70(1H,br),7.37(2H m),7.18(1H,d,
J=7.0Hz),6.00(1H,d,J=12.0Hz),5.74(1H,dd,J=
11.0Hz,4.5Hz),5.69(1H,d,J=8Hz),5.22(1H,m),
5.05(2H,m),5.00(1H,m),4.77(1H,d,J=10.5),4.52
(1H,d,J=11Hz),4.30(1H,d,J=9.5Hz),4.26(1H,s),
4.15(1H,m),4.03(1H,m),3.98(3H,br),3.80(1H,m),
3.47(1H,m),3.18(1H,m),2.52(6H,m),2.23(1H,m),
1.99(3H,s),1.83(2H,m),1.63(1H,m),1.45(3H,s),
1.32(1H,m),1.17(3H,br),0.85(3H,d,J=7.5Hz)。
通过包括烷基化、酰化和膦羧化在内的本领域有机化学技术人员已知的各种方法,可完成从式II起始化合物到最终化合物I的转化。这些方法通常使用市售可得的试剂或者有机合成的技术人员容易制备的试剂。通常通过在合适溶剂例如N,N-二甲基甲酰胺或二氯甲烷中,在碱存在下,在有或没有碘化钠或催化量碘化四正丁铵下,用卤代烷或磺酸酯处理式II化合物,完成本发明的烷基化反应。合适的碱是有机化学技术人员众所周知的,包括有机碱例如三乙胺和膦嗪碱以及例如无机碱碳酸钾、氢氧化钠和碳酸铯。通常,通过在合适溶剂例如N,N-二甲基甲酰胺或二氯甲烷中并且有时需要使用上述合适的碱,用酰化剂处理式II化合物,完成酰化反应。合适的酰化剂包括羧酸酰卤和酐、氯甲酸烷基酯和异氰酸酯。通过在合适溶剂例如N,N-二甲基甲酰胺或二氯甲烷中,用烷基膦酰二卤或烷基膦酰一卤处理式II化合物,完成膦羧化反应。这些转化实例将在具体
实施方案部分中给出。
各种式I化合物也可用作合成中间体,并且可以加工成其它式I实例化合物。制备具体实例化合物的加工方法本质上是常规性的,有机合成技术人员可以对其进行改进。这类转化实例也将在具体实施方案部分中给出,并将提供额外实验细节。
流程1
式I化合物表现了抗细菌和分枝杆菌例如金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus pneumoniae)和粪肠球菌的抗微生物活性。所述抗微生物活性包括抗革兰氏阳性菌(包括某些多重耐药菌株)的作用。因此,本发明提供治疗感染性疾病的方法。
当式I化合物用作治疗细菌感染的药用组合物时,它们可与一种或多种药学上可接受的载体例如溶剂、稀释剂等组合,并且以如下形式口服给予:片剂、胶囊剂、分散粉剂、颗粒剂或,含有例如约0.05-5%的悬浮剂的混悬剂;含有例如约10%-50%的糖的糖浆剂;和含有例如约20%-50%的乙醇的酏剂等;或等渗介质中无菌注射液或含有例如约0.05-5%悬浮剂的混悬液。这些药物制剂可以含有与载体组合的例如约0.05%至最多约90%的活性成分,更常见为约5%-60%(重量)。
所用活性成分的有效剂量可以根据所用的具体化合物、给药模式和待治疗疾病的严重程度而变化。然而,一般而言,当以约0.5-约500mg/kg动物体重的日剂量给予本发明化合物时,可以获得令人满意的结果,优选以分次剂量一天给予2-4次,或者以缓释剂型给予本发明化合物。对于大多数大型哺乳动物而言,总日剂量为约1mg-100mg,优选约2-80mg。适合内用的剂型包含有约0.5-500mg的所述活性化合物以及与之密切混合的固体或液体的药学上可接受的载体。该给药方案可以进行调整,以提供最佳治疗反应。例如,可以每天给予几个分次剂量,或者可以根据治疗情况的紧急程度按比例减少剂量。
这些活性化合物可以以口服给予或者经静脉内、肌内或皮下途径给予。固体载体包括淀粉、乳糖、磷酸二钙、微晶纤维素、蔗糖和高岭土,而液体载体包括无菌水、聚乙二醇、非离子型表面活性剂和食用油例如玉米油、花生油和芝麻油,只要适合活性成分的性质和所需的具体给药形式。制备药用组合物中所用的常规辅料最好可以包括例如矫味剂、着色剂、防腐剂和抗氧化剂(例如维生素E、抗坏血酸、BHT(丁基化羟基甲苯)和BHA(丁基化羟基苯甲醚)。
这些活性化合物也可经胃肠外或腹膜内给予。这些作为游离碱或药理学上可接受的盐的活性化合物的溶液或混悬液,可以在水中适当地与表面活性剂例如羟丙基纤维素混合来制备。也可以在甘油、液态聚乙二醇和它们的混合物油中制备分散体。在常规贮藏和使用条件下,这些制剂含有防腐剂,以防止微生物生长。
适用于注射的药物形式包括无菌水溶液或者分散液。在所有情况下,所述形式必须是无菌的,并且必须是以容易注射的流体形式存在。在生产和贮藏条件下,它必须保持稳定,并且必须被保存以防微生物(例如细菌和真菌)的污染作用。所述载体可以是溶剂或分散介质,含有例如水、乙醇、多元醇(例如甘油、丙二醇和液态聚乙二醇)、其合适的混合物和植物油。
具体实施方案详述
组成本发明的化合物、其制备方法和其生物学作用在以下实施例中表现的更全面,所述实施例仅仅为了说明的目的,不应认为限制本发明的领域或范围。所述实施例中采用的缩写和符号是本领域的标准缩写和符号并为本领域技术人员所理解。
O-烷基化的通用方法
在室温下,在有或没有碘化钠(至多4当量)或催化量的(约0.5当量)的碘化四正丁铵时,向溶于合适体积溶剂(优选溶剂:N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、四氢呋喃、二氯甲烷、二甲亚砜、乙腈、水)的诺卡硫星I或II(1.0当量)搅拌溶液中,加入1-3当量的无机碱(氢化钠、碳酸铯、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、氢氧化钠)或有机碱(三乙胺、二异丙基乙胺、磷腈碱例如叔丁基亚氨基-三(吡咯烷子基)正膦(BTPP)、2-叔丁基亚氨基-2-二乙基氨基-1,3-二甲基-全氢化-13,2-二氮杂磷杂苯(BEMP),聚苯乙烯固载BEMP)。
加入卤代烷、三氟甲磺酸酯或甲磺酸酯(1.5-4.0当量),然后将所得反应物搅拌直至诺卡硫星被消耗为止。真空除去溶剂,所得残余物用制备性HPLC(高压液相色谱)、用甲醇/水作为洗脱剂进行纯化,或者用MPLC(中压液相色谱)在C18(ODS-A,S-75μm)制备性柱上、用乙腈/水作为洗脱剂进行纯化。将含有产物的流分合并,浓缩并冷冻干燥,得到所需产物的TFA盐或HCl盐。
氨基甲酸酯合成的通用方法
在室温下,向溶于合适体积溶剂(优选溶剂:N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、四氢呋喃、二氯甲烷、二甲亚砜、乙腈)的诺卡硫星I或II(1.0当量)搅拌溶液中,加入3当量的有机碱(三乙胺、二异丙基乙胺、磷腈碱例如叔丁基亚氨基-三(吡咯烷子基)正膦(BTPP)、聚苯乙烯固载的2-叔丁基亚氨基-2-二乙基氨基-1,3-二甲基-全氢化-13,2-二氮杂磷杂苯(BEMP)。搅拌5-10分钟后,所得反应化合物在冰水浴中冷却,然后加入4-硝基苯基氯甲酸酯(至多4当量)并再搅拌10分钟。向该溶液中加入胺(1-4当量)。将反应物搅拌直至反应完成,然后用1N HCl猝灭。如果反应混合物在加入HCl水溶液时变浑浊,通过加入额外的DMF或甲醇重新变成溶液。所得最终澄清溶液用MPLC在制备性C18(ODS-A,S-75μm)上用乙腈-水纯化。将含有产物的流分合并,浓缩并冷冻干燥,得到黄色粉末。
膦酸酯合成的通用方法
在0℃,向溶于合适体积溶剂(优选溶剂:N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、四氢呋喃、二氯甲烷、二甲亚砜、乙腈)的诺卡硫星I或II(1.0当量)搅拌溶液/悬浮液中,加入至多3当量的有机碱(三乙胺、二异丙基乙胺、磷腈碱例如叔丁基亚氨基-三(吡咯烷子基)正膦(BTPP)、固载于聚苯乙烯的2-叔丁基亚氨基-2-二乙基氨基-1,3-二甲基-全氢化-13,2-二氮杂磷杂苯(BEMP)。加入烷基膦酰二氯(1-3当量),然后在0℃将所得混合物搅拌直至反应完成。均相反应混合物用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(20mL)猝灭并浓缩。残余物悬浮在水(300mL)中,然后将残留固体过滤。所得水溶液用色谱法纯化(制备性C18,ODS-A,S-75μm,乙腈/水)。将含有所需产物的流分合并,浓缩并冷冻干燥。
酯制备的通用方法
在0℃,向溶于合适体积溶剂(优选溶剂:N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、四氢呋喃、二氯甲烷、二甲亚砜、乙腈、吡啶)的诺卡硫星(1.0当量)搅拌溶液/悬浮液中,加入至多3当量的无机碱(碳酸氢钠、碳酸钠、碳酸铯、碳酸氢钾、碳酸钾)或有机碱(吡啶、三乙胺、二异丙基乙胺、磷腈碱例如叔丁基亚氨基-三(吡咯烷子基)正膦(BTPP)、2-叔丁基亚氨基-2-二乙基氨基-1,3-二甲基-全氢化-13,2-二氮杂磷杂苯(BEMP)、聚苯乙烯固载的BEMP。加入酰氯或酐(1-3当量),然后将所得混合物搅拌直至反应完成。有时需要将所得反应物从室温升温至回流温度。将粗反应物蒸发至干,然后所得浅黄色残余物用制备性HPLC或MPLC色谱法(制备性C18,ODS-A,S-75μm,乙腈/水或甲醇/水)进一步纯化。将含有所需产物的流分合并,浓缩并冷冻干燥。
实施例1
(式I:R1=CH3,R2=H,Z=NHC(=CH2)CONH2)
在室温下,将诺卡硫星I(282mg,0.196mmol)的无水N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(1ml)溶液用叔丁基亚氨基-三(吡咯烷子基)正膦(BTPP)(0.120ml,0.392mmol)处理3分钟。加入碳酸二叔丁酯(0.046ml,0.196mmol),然后将反应混合物搅拌10分钟直至吲哚羟基被保护成相应的二碳酸二叔丁酯。然后加入甲基碘(0.012ml,0.196mmol),反应用HPLC监测。2小时后,约70%转变成甲基醚。然后再加入甲基碘(0.012ml,0.196mmol),然后将反应混合物在室温下搅拌过夜。然后加入1NHCl(0.3ml),所得反应混合物真空浓缩,除去N,N-二甲基甲酰胺。将粗残余物溶于水/乙腈/甲醇中并在室温下用三氟乙酸处理,直至HPLC监测显示吲哚羟基完全脱保护为止。然后所得溶液用MPLC在制备性C-18柱上、用乙腈/水作为洗脱剂进行纯化。将含有所需产物的流分合并,真空浓缩除去大部分乙腈。残余物冷冻并冻干,得到TFA盐产物(40.5mg,14%收率):1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6):δ10.8(1H,s),10.3(1H,s),9.10(1H,s),8.68(1H,s),8.59(1H,d,J=9.2Hz),8.54(1H s),8.54(1H,s),8.22(1H,s),8.14(1H,s),8.05(1H,s),7.92(1H,s),7.86(1H,d,J=10.7Hz),7.76(1H,d,J=8.45Hz),7.68(1H,s),7.35(2H,dd,J=8.3,7.3Hz),7.19(1H,d,J=7.35Hz),6.51(1H,s),6.03(1H,d,J=12.5Hz),5.75(1H,s),5.72(2H,m),5.21(1H,m),5.06(2H,m),4.79(1H,d,J=10.5Hz),4.54(1H,d,J=11.5Hz),4.30(1H,d,J=9.6Hz),4.26(1H,m),4.20(3H,s),4.16(1H,d,J=9.7Hz),4.05(1H,d,J=9.7Hz),3.91(3H,s),3.13(1H,s),2.87(6H,br),2.47(1H,m),2.12(1H,m),2.00(3H,s),1.94(1H,d,J=14.5Hz),1.60(3H,br),1.23(1H,m),1.16(3H,br),0.80(3H,d,J=6.9Hz)。
HRMS(ES)C62H63S5N14O18(MH+)的计算值:1451.305;实测值:1451.309。
实施例2
(式I:R1=1-(2,3-环氧基)丙基,R2=H,Z=NHC(=CH2)CONH2)
在0℃,将一份氢化钠(0.42mmol)加入到诺卡硫星I(0.14mmol)和活化4分子筛的四氢呋喃(5ml)混合物中。所得混合物搅拌10分钟,然后加入表溴醇(0.21mmol)。所得反应混合物在室温下搅拌10小时,然后减压除去溶剂。加入乙醚(5ml),沉淀出黄色固体,所述固体用制备性HPLC进一步纯化。将含有所需产物的流分冷冻和冻干,得到60mg黄色固体产物:MS(MH+)=1493。
实施例3
(式I:R1=CH2CH(OH)CH2OH,R2=H,Z=NHC(=CH2)CONH2)
在室温下,向实施例2的化合物(0.14mmol)的乙腈(3ml)和水(3ml)的混合物中,加入稀的HCl水溶液(0.1N)直至pH为3.0。然后将所得澄清溶液搅拌1小时,然后减压除去溶剂。所得粗产物用制备性HPLC进一步纯化。将含有所需产物的流分冷冻并冻干,得到20mg黄色固体产物:MS(MH+)=1511。
实施例4
(式I:R1=P+(N-吡咯烷)3,R2=H,Z=NHC(=CH2)CONH2)
在室温下,向诺卡硫星I(287mg,0.2mmol)的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺搅拌溶液中,加入六氯合磷氯酸苯并三唑-1-基-氧基-三-吡咯烷子基-鏻(110mg,0.21mmol)。5分钟后,所得反应混合物在C18反相硅胶柱上用含0.01%HCl的乙腈(10-35%)-水作为洗脱剂,进行纯化。将含有所需产物的流分合并,浓缩并冷冻干燥,得到白色粉末产物。得到0.21g(60%)的HCl盐:1H NMR(DMSO,500MHz):δ10.78(1H,s),9.77(1H,s),9.12(1H,s),8.75(1H,s),8.73(1H,s),8.66-8.58(2H,m),8.54(1H,s),8.21(1H,s),8.19(1H,br s),8.11(1H,s),8.09(1H,s),7.88(1H,d,J=10.7Hz),7.75(1H,d,J=8.6Hz),7.68(1H,s),7.39-7.35(2H,m),7.20(1H,d,J=7.0Hz),6.51(1H,s),6.38(1H,br s),6.03(1H,d,J=12.2Hz),5.80(1H,s),5.79-5.76(1H,m),5.71(1H,d,J=10.1Hz),5.25-5.22(1H,m),5.09-5.02(3H,m),4.78(1H,d,J=10.4Hz),4.50(1H,d,J=11Hz),4.29(1H,d,J=9.8Hz),4.26-4.24(1H,m),4.16(1H,d,J=10.7Hz),4.06(1H,d,J=8.2Hz),3.9(3H,br s),3.41-3.33(10H,m),3.12(1H,s),3.03-2.98(6H,m),2.83-2.90(6H,m),2.16-2.08(1H,m),1.99(3H,s),1.90-1.81(99H,m),1.74-1.70(6H,m),1.60(93H,s),1.15(3H,br s),0.80(3H,d,J=6.7Hz)。LRMS(ES)C73H83N17O18PS5(M+)计算值:1676.4,实测值:1676.5。
实施例5
(式I:R1=P(O)(CH3)OH,R2=H,Z=NHC(=CH2)CONH2)
将诺卡硫星I(1.0g,0.7mmol)溶于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(50ml)中。加入碳酸铯(0.7g,2.1mmol),然后在室温下将混合物搅拌30分钟。将混合物冷却至0℃,然后加入甲基膦酰二氯(0.07g,0.54mmol)并将混合物在0℃搅拌40分钟。反应混合物用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(6ml)猝灭,所得混合物用色谱法纯化(制备性C18,ODS-A,S-75μm,5%-15%-20%-40%乙腈/水),得到钠盐产物(392mg,0.23mmol,33%收率):MS(MH+)1515.3;C62H63N14O20PS5·Na·0.5NaHCO3·7H2O的计算值:C,43.98;H,4.58;N,11.49;P,1.81;S,9.39;Na,2.02。实测值:C,44.06;H,4.56;N,11.42;P,1.69;S,9.06;Na,2.09。
实施例6
(式I:R1=H,R2=CH3,Z=NHC(=CH2)CONH2)
将诺卡硫星I(0.288g,0.20mmol)的四氢呋喃(6mL)和甲醇(4mL)溶液用(三甲基甲硅烷基)重氮甲烷(2.0M己烷溶液,0.21mL,0.42mmol)处理。在氮气下将反应物搅拌5分钟,然后用旋转蒸发器除去溶剂。将粗残余物装样到C-18反相硅胶柱(YMC Gel,12nm,S-75μm)上,并用10%的乙腈水溶液分步增加到60%的乙腈水溶液梯度洗脱,进行纯化。合并合适流分,用旋转蒸发器除去乙腈。所得水溶液冷冻并冻干,得到黄色冻干固体产物(0.098g,0.068mmol,34%收率):MS(MH+)=1451。
实施例7
(式I:R1=H,R2=(CH2)3SO3H,Z=NHC(=CH2)CONH2)
将诺卡硫星I(0.575g,0.40mmol)的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(5mL)溶液用氢氧化钠(1.0N溶液,0.84mL,0.84mmol)处理,然后在室温下搅拌约5分钟。将亮黄色溶液用1,3-丙磺酸内酯(0.054g,0.44mmol)处理并搅拌6-8小时。真空除去溶剂,所得残余物用水(约10mL)和饱和碳酸氢钠(1mL)萃取。将所得溶液装载到C-18反相硅胶柱(YMCODS,12nm,S-75μm)上,并用水增加到30%乙腈水溶液阶式梯度洗脱。将含产物流分合并,用旋转蒸发器除去乙腈。所得水溶液冷冻干燥,得到黄色冻干固体产物(钠盐)(0.234g,0.148mmol,37%收率):MS(M-H)=1557.41。
该化合物也可通过采用溶于DMP的BTPP(作为碱)来制备。
实施例8和实施例9
(式I:R1=H,R2=CH2C(O)NH2,Z=NHC(=CH2)CONH2)
和
(式I:R1=CH2C(O)NH2,R2=CH2C(O)NH2,Z=NHC(=CH2)CONH2)
在室温下,将聚苯乙烯树脂固载2-叔丁基亚氨基-2-二乙基氨基-1,3-二甲基全氢化-1,3,2-二氮杂磷杂苯(BEMP)(0.28mmol)加入到诺卡硫星I(0.14mmol)的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(5ml)溶液中。将混合物搅拌10分钟,然后加入2-溴乙酰胺(0.28mmol),并在室温下将混合物搅拌10小时。将混合物过滤,然后将滤液减压浓缩。所得粗产物用制备性HPLC进一步纯化。将含有所需产物的流分冷冻并冻干,得到30mg黄色固体产物(式I:R1=H,R2=CH2C(O)NH2,Z=NHC(=CH2)CONH2):MS(MH+)=1494。
通过使用聚苯乙烯树脂固载BEMP(0.56mmol)和2-溴乙酰胺(0.56mmol),相同条件下得到80mg黄色固体的双-产物(式I:R1=CH2C(O)NH2,R2=CH2C(O)NH2,Z=NHC(=CH2)CONH2):MS(MH+)=1551。
实施例10
(式I:R1=H,R2=4-羰-(2-四氢吡喃氧基)苄基,
Z=NHC(=CH2)CONH2)
将对甲苯磺酸一水合物(34mg,0.178mmol)加入到冷(冰/水浴)的4-氯甲基苯甲酸(3.03g,0.0178mol)和二氢吡喃(8.12ml,0.089mol)的二氯甲烷(85ml)的搅拌混合物中。除去冰浴,再在环境温度下搅拌1小时。然后将所得反应混合物真空浓缩,然后将残余物在乙醚和稀碳酸氢钠水溶液之间分配。将醚液洗涤(用2x盐水),经无水硫酸钠干燥并真空浓缩,得到可结晶的油状物(900mg)。所得固体用硅胶(10g)层析,用氯仿作为洗脱剂,得到2-四氢吡喃基-4-氯甲基苯甲酸酯的无色晶体(208mg)。MS(ESI)254。
将聚苯乙烯固载BEMP(182mg,0.42mmol)加入到诺卡硫星I(287mg,0.2mmol)的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(6ml)搅拌溶液中。在22℃继续搅拌15分钟,然后加入2-四氢吡喃基-4-氯甲基苯甲酸酯(80mg,0.3mmol)。将反应混合物搅拌3小时,然后加入三乙胺(56μL,0.42mmol)并继续搅拌6天。将反应混合物过滤,滤液用乙醚稀释,沉淀出无色固体的产物(122mg,HPLC纯度为96%):MS:(ESI)1655。
实施例11
(式I:R1=H,R2=4-羧基(carbohydroxy)苄基,Z=NHC(=CH2)CONH2)
将盐酸(3ml,0.1N)加入到实施例10的化合物(92mg)的四氢呋喃(40ml)搅拌溶液中。在22℃下将混合物搅拌2小时。收集所得固体并干燥,得到黄色固体产物(50mg,HPLC纯度>95%):MS(ESI):1571。
实施例12
(式I:R1=H,R2=CH2OP(O)(OH)2,钠盐和铵盐形式,Z=NHC(=CH2)CONH2)
在室温下,将诺卡硫星I(5.85g,4.07mmol)的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(35ml)溶液用叔丁基亚氨基-三(吡咯烷子基)正膦(BTPP)(3.81g,12.21mmol)处理并搅拌约5分钟。然后将混合物用O-氯甲基-O′,O″-二叔丁基磷酸酯(1.58g,6.10mmol)处理,然后在室温下搅拌5小时。用旋转蒸发器除去溶剂,粘稠油状残余物加乙醚研磨。过滤收集粗固体。将所得固体用20%乙腈水溶液装样到C-18反相柱上,并用最终达到45%乙腈水溶液的阶式梯度系统进行纯化。保留在溶液中达24小时的含产物流分经历叔丁基的损失,得到单叔丁基中间产物。收集合适流分并用旋转蒸发器浓缩,然后冻干,得到单叔丁基中间产物(3.4g)。将中间产物(0.40g,0.25mmol)的一部分用10%三氟乙酸的二氯甲烷溶液(40ml)处理,搅拌约5分钟,然后用旋转蒸发器浓缩。油状残余物用水(40ml)、浓碳酸氢钠(使得pH为7.5-8)和乙腈萃取,以使大多数不溶物溶解。所得产物通过C-18反相柱色谱法,用最终达到20%乙腈水溶液的梯度系统,进行纯化。将合适流分合并,并用旋转蒸发器浓缩。然后,纯化的终产物可通过冻干法以钠盐形式分离出来。为了分离出二铵盐形式,将以上色谱柱所得水溶液再通过一个C-18反相色谱柱,但所述流动相的水部分被0.1M乙酸铵缓冲液取代。梯度系统最终达到含40%乙腈的缓冲液。将合适流分合并并用旋转蒸发器浓缩。所得缓冲水溶液用冷冻干燥法干燥,得到淡黄色固体产物(0.083g,0.053mmol,11%收率):1H NMR(DMSO-d6,500MHz);δ10.06(s,1H),9.12(s,1H),8.96(s,1H),8.67(d,J=7.6,1H),8.52(d,J=7.6,1H),8.51(s,1H),8.26(d,J=6.7,1H),8.25(s,1H),8.05(bs,1H),7.87(s,1H),7.78(d,J=10.97,1H),7.62(bs,1H),7.32(t,J=7.6,1H),7.19(d,J=6.7,1H),7.12(d,J=7.2,1H),6.38(bs,1H),5.98(d,J=11.9,1H),5.73(s,1H),5.68(d,J=9.0,1H),5.28-5.20(m,2H),5.15(m,1H),5.04(d,J=13.3,1H),4.94(d,J=3.8,1H),4.80(d,J=10.5,1H),4.62(d,J=10.5,1H),4.35(t,J=9.5,1H),4.25(m,1H),4.09(d,J=10.0,1H),4.01(d,J=9.0,1H),3.92(s,3H),3.75(m,1H),2.64(s,1H),2.58(s,1H),2.36(s,1H),2.01(s,3H),1.80(d,J=15.2,1H),1.76(s,1H),1.40(bs,3H),1.14(d,J=6.2,3H),0.54(d,J=6.2,3H);HRMS C62H63N14O22S5P(MH+)计算值:1547.266,实测值:1547.268。
实施例13
(式I:R1=H,R2=CH2CH2Cl,Z=NHC(=CH2)CONH2)
在室温下,将诺卡硫星I(513mg,0.36mmol)的无水N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(2ml)溶液用BTPP(0.22ml,0.72mmol)处理3分钟。加入甲磺酸氯乙酯(0.041mg,0.36mmol),并将所述反应混合物搅拌过夜。真空除去溶剂,将残余物溶于水/乙腈中,用1N HCl(0.72ml,0.72mmol)处理,然后用MPLC在制备C-18柱上用乙腈/水作为部分洗脱剂,进行纯化。将含有所需产物的流分合并,真空浓缩除去大部分乙腈。残余物冷冻并冻干,得到HCl盐的产物(210mg,40%收率):HRMS(ES)C63H64ClN14O18S5(MH+)的计算值:1499.281,实测值:1499.283。
实施例14
(式I:R1=H,R2=-(CH2)3N+(CH3)3,Z=NHC(=CH2)CONH2)
在室温下,将诺卡硫星I(262mg,0.18mmol)的无水N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(1ml)溶液用BTPP(0.114ml,0.36mmol)处理3分钟。加入溴化(3-溴丙基)三甲基铵(47mg,0.18mmol),并将反应混合物在室温下搅拌4小时。然后加入1N HCl(3ml),将溶液真空浓缩以除去N,N-二甲基甲酰胺。残余物用MPLC在制备C-18柱上用乙腈/水作为洗脱剂,进行纯化。将含有所需产物的流分合并,并真空浓缩以除去大部分乙腈。然后将残余物冷冻并冻干,得到HCl盐产物(193mg,69%收率):1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6):δ10.8(1H,s),10.0(1H,s),9.25(1H,s),8.86(1H,m),8.66(1H,s),8.59(2H,br),8.55(1H,s),8.28(1H,s),8.22(1H,s),8.13(1H,br),7.86(1H,s),7.74(1H,d,J=10.0Hz),7.64(1H,br),7.55(1H,d,J=10.0Hz),7.46(1H,dd,J=10.0,5.0Hz),7.31(1H,d,J=10.0Hz),7.13(1H,d,J=5Hz),6.39(2H,br),6.01(1H,d,J=10Hz),5.89(1H,m),5.76(1H,s),5.71(1H,d,J=10.0Hz),5.4(1H,d,J=5.0Hz),5.32(2H,s),5.30(2H,s),5.09(1H,m),5.05(1H,m),4.83(1H,dd,J=15.0,10.0Hz),4.41(1H,m),4.11(1H,dd,J=10.0,5.0Hz),3.9(3H,s),3.87(1H,m),3.43(9H,br),3.17(6H,br),2.97(1H,br),2.87(1H,br),2.02(2H,s),1.82(4H,m),1.58(3H,br),1.24(3H,br),1.12(1H,m),0.78(3H,d,J=5.0Hz);HRMS(ES)C67H74N15O18S5 +(M+)的计算值:1536.394,实测值:1536.389。
实施例15
(式I:R1=H,R2=C(O)NH(CH2)3CH3,Z=NHC(=CH2)CONH2)
将诺卡硫星I(0.2874g,0.2mmol)溶于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(2ml)中。加入膦嗪碱P1-t-Bu-三-(四亚甲基)(BTPP,0.2ml,0.6mmol),将混合物搅拌10分钟,然后冷却至0℃。加入氯甲酸4-硝基苯酯(0.14g,0.7mmol),将混合物在0℃搅拌10分钟。加入正丁基胺(0.03ml,0.3mmol),将混合物在0℃搅拌15分钟,然后用1N HCl(3ml)猝灭。加入N,N-二甲基甲酰胺以溶解固体,将所得混合物用色谱法纯化(制备性C18,ODS-A,S-75μm,20%-30%乙腈/水/0.5mL 1N HCl/L),得到黄色粉末状产物(0.0234g,7%收率):1H NMR(DMSO,500MHz):δ11.27(s,1H),10.06(s,1H),9.20(s,1H),8.64(m,2H),8.60(s,1H),8.54(s,1H),8.21(s,1H),8.09(s,1H),8.01(m,1H),7.88(m,1H),7.75(m,1H),7.62(s,1H),7.43(m,1H),7.36(m,1H),7.28(m,1H),7.19(m,1H),6.38(s,1H),6.36(s,1H),6.06(m,1H),5.76(s,1H),5.72(m,1H),5.08,(m,2H),4.89,(m,1H),4.30(m,2H),4.13(m,2H),3.91(s,3H),3.40(m,7H),3.11(m,1H),2.87(m,7H),2.54(m,2H),2.12(m,1H),2.08(s,1H),2.03(m,2H),1.93(d,J=15.0Hz,1H),1.60(s,3H),1.39(m,1H),1.23(m,1H),1.14(m,4H),0.78(m,6H);LRMS(ESI+)m/z=1536.6,(ESI-)m/z=1534.58。
实施例16
(式I:R1=H,R2=C(O)NH(CH2)3-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基),Z=
NHC(=CH2)CONH2)
除了使用1-(3-氨基丙基)-4-甲基哌嗪(0.12g,0.6mmol)代替正丁基胺以外,按照例如实施例15的方法,分离出黄色粉末状产物(0.1141g,41%收率):1H NMR(DMSO,500MHz):δ11.82(bs,1H),11.36(s,1H),10.06(s,1H),9.21(s,1H),8.92(bs,1H),8.76(s,2H),8.60(s,1H),8.54(s,1H),8.22(s,1H),8.11(s,2H),8.02(m,1H),7.88(m,1H),7.75(d,J=10.0Hz,1H),7.63(s,1H),7.45(s,1H),7.28(d,J=5.0Hz,1H),7.21(m,1H),6.38(s,1H),6.06(d,J=10.0Hz,1H),5.77(s,1H),5.71(m,2H).5.10(s,1H),5.07(s,2H),4.87(bs,1H),4.35(m,1H),4.26(m,1H),4.11(m,2H),3.92(s,2H),3.86(s,1H),3.59-3.30(m,15H),3.10(s,3H),2.88(s,6H),2.77(s,3H),2.13(d,J=10.0Hz,1H),2.04(s,3H),1.92(d,J=15.0Hz,1H),1.84(m,1H),1.59(s,3H),1.13(s,3H),0.77(s,3H);HRMS(ES)C70H78S5N17O19(MH+)的计算值:1620.426,实测值:1620.428。
实施例17
(式I:R1=H,R2=P(O)(CH3)OH,Z=NHC(=CH2)CONH2)
将诺卡硫星I(1.0g,0.7mmol)溶于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(25ml)中。加入膦嗪碱P1-t-Bu-三-(四亚甲基)(BTPP,0.65ml,2.1mmol),并将混合物搅拌5分钟。将混合物冷却至0℃,加入甲基膦酰二氯(0.09g,0.7mmol),然后将混合物在0℃搅拌30分钟。加入饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(6ml),然后加入足量水,溶解所得固体。所得混合物用色谱法纯化(制备性C18,ODS-A,S-75μm,15%乙腈/水-30%乙腈/水),得到黄色粉末状产物(0.083g,8%收率):1H NMR(DMSO,500MHz):δ11.42(bs,1H),10.08(s,1H),9.01(s,1H),8.71(s,1H),8.56(s,1H),8.53(s,1H),8.20(s,1H),8.07(bs,1H),7.91(s,1H),7.88(m,1H),7.83(m,2H),7.61(bs,1H),7.24(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.12(d,J=10.0Hz,1H),7.09(d,J=10.0Hz,1H),6.35(s,1H),6.02(d,J=15.0Hz,1H),5.74(s,1H),5.70(d,J=10.0Hz,1H),5.13(d,J=5.0Hz,1H),5.02(m,2H),4.90(d,J=10.0Hz,1H),4.55(d,J=10.0Hz,1H),4.28(d,J=10.0Hz,1H),4.13(m,2H),3.99(d,J=10.0Hz,1H),3.90(s,3H),3.02(m,5H),2.98(m,1H),2.78(m,4H),2.26(m,1H),2.05(m,1H),2.00(s,2H),1.89(d,J=15.0Hz,1H),1.73(m,6H),1.55(m,2H),1.19(s,1H),1.15(m,3H),0.90(d,J=15.0Hz,2H),0.76(m,2H);HRMS(ES)C62H64PS5N14O20(MH+)计算值:1515.276,实测值:1515.272。
实施例18
(式I:R1=R2=CH3,Z=NHC(=CH2)CONH2)
方法a:
将过量的醚性重氮甲烷加入到诺卡硫星I(100mg)的15ml四氢呋喃∶氯仿∶甲醇(1∶1∶1)溶液中。将所得溶液真空浓缩,残余物在硅胶(10g)上层析,用氯仿∶甲醇∶水(95∶5∶1)作为洗脱剂,得到13mg产物,其具有73%纯度,与一甲基化噻唑基肽衍生物共存:MS(MH+):1465。
方法b:
向诺卡硫星I(2.00g,1.39mmol)的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(14mL)溶液中加入碳酸铯(1.81g,5.57mmol)和碘化四正丁基铵(261mg,0.71mmol),所得混合物在室温下搅拌5分钟。向该混合物中加入硫酸二甲酯(1.32mL,13.9mmol),并将混合物在室温下搅拌3小时。所得浅黄色浑浊液与最小量的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺混合,得到澄清溶液,用制备性HPLC(C-18反相硅胶,MeOH/H2O/0.1% TFA系统)进行纯化,得到1.9g标题化合物的TFA盐:MS(MH+)1465;HRMS(ES)C63H65N14O18S5(MH+)的计算值:1465.320,实测值:1465.319。
实施例19
(式I;R1=R2=CH2CO2CH3,Z=NHC(=CH2)CONH2)
向诺卡硫星I(1.00g,0.69mmol)的无水N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(8mL)溶液中加入碳酸铯(0.50g,1.52mmol),并将混合物用溴乙酸甲酯(0.15mL,1.52mmol)处理,然后将混合物在室温下搅拌2小时。将混合物用20%甲醇/氯仿溶液稀释,滤除不溶物,然后用柱色谱(硅胶,2-15%MeOH/CHCl3)进行纯化,得到416mg棕色固体的标题化合物:MS(MH+)=1581,MS(M-H)=1579。
该化合物也可通过使用二异丙基乙胺(10当量)和催化量的溶于DMF的BEMP(作为碱),从诺卡硫星I和溴乙酸甲酯(8当量)制备。
实施例20
(式I:R1=R2=CH2CO2H,Z=NHC(=CH2)CONH2)
向实施例19的产物(0.1g,0.063mmol)的无水苯(2.0mL)悬浮液中加入氧化三正丁基锡(0.14mL,0.025mmol)。将所得化合物加热至回流并保持5小时。此时,用HPLC分析反应物,表明原料完全消耗和一种主要产物。将反应物冷却至室温,边搅拌边加入1N盐酸(0.25mL)。搅拌5分钟后,减压除去溶剂,得到黄色固体。将所得固体溶于3∶1的乙腈/水溶液(2mL)中,通过注射式过滤器过滤,用制备性HPLC(C-18反相硅胶,甲醇/水/0.1% TFA作为流动相)纯化,得到6mg为黄色固体的标题化合物(1 TFA盐):MS(MH+)=1554,MS(M-H)=1552。
实施例21
(式I:R1=R2=P(O)(CH3)OH,Z=NHC(=CH2)CONH2)
将诺卡硫星I(2.0g,1.4mmol)悬浮于二氯甲烷(20ml)中。加入二异丙基乙胺(0.72ml,4.1mmol)并将混合物冷却至0℃。加入甲基膦酰二氯(0.54g,4.1mmol)并将混合物在0℃搅拌30分钟。将混合物用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(20ml)猝灭,真空浓缩。残余物悬浮于水(300ml)中,滤除剩余固体。水滤液用色谱法纯化(制备性C18,ODS-A,S-75μm,20%乙腈/水)。含有产物的流分在冷却(8℃)中真空浓缩,得到白色粉末状产物(0.4g,21%收率):C63H66N14O22P2S5·0.6Na·7.7H2O的理论值:C,43.35;H,4.67;N,11.23;S,9.18;Na,0.79.实测值:C,43.07;H,4.71;N,11.00;S,9.42;Na,0.74;LRMS(ESI+):m/z=1593.6;(ESI-)m/z=1591.31.
实施例22
(式I:R1=R2=CH2OP(O)(OH)2,Z=NHC(=CH2)CONH2)
将诺卡硫星I(5.00g,3.48mmol)的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(150mL)溶液用BTPP(2.28g,7.30mmol)处理,搅拌约10分钟,在此期间变成更深的红色。反应物用O-氯甲基-O′,O″-二叔丁基磷酸酯(1.89g,7.30mmol)处理,在室温下搅拌2小时。用旋转蒸发器除去溶剂。残余物用约30-40%乙腈水溶液萃取,同时加入少量体积N,N-二甲基甲酰胺以帮助溶解,然后装载到C-18反相柱上,用10%乙腈水溶液增加到35%乙腈水溶液的阶式梯度洗脱,导致一加合物和二加合物的分离。让流分静置16小时,在此期间产物每个磷酸酯部分经历叔丁基损失,得到二(一叔丁基)中间产物。将合适流分冷冻干燥,得到二(一叔丁基)加合物中间产物,然后用溶于二氯甲烷(5mL)的三氟乙酸(5mL)处理。当HPLC显示没有叔丁基中间产物存在时,用旋转蒸发器除去溶剂,终止反应。粗残余物用水处理,加入饱和碳酸氢钠,将固体溶解。溶液用C-18 MPLC进行纯化,用10%乙腈水溶液增加到22.5%乙腈水溶液的洗脱。合并合适流分,用旋转蒸发器浓缩。将水溶液冷冻干燥,得到黄色冻干固体产物(226mg,二钠盐)。
MS(MH+)=1657.4,MS(M-H)=1655.10。
实施例23和实施例24
式I:R1=H,R2=COMe,Z=NHC(=CH2)CONH2
和式I:R1=COMe,R2=H,Z=NHC(=CH2)CONH2
向诺卡硫星I(2.88g,2.0mmol)的乙酸乙酯(50mL)的搅拌悬浮液中加入乙酸酐(0.5mL,5.3mmol),然后加入碳酸氢钠(1.51g,18.0mmol),在50℃搅拌1小时。然后缓慢加入氯甲酸氯乙酯(1.10mL,10.0mmol),然后在50℃再继续搅拌1.5小时。将反应混合物冷却至室温,并让它老化过夜。减压除去溶剂,将其溶于水,在MPLC(C18柱)上用含有0.01%HCl的乙腈-水(10-35%)作为洗脱剂,进行纯化。将含有产物的流分合并,浓缩并冻干,得到1.50g和0.75g黄色粉末状产物(以HCl盐形式)。1H NMR(DMSO,500MHz):δ11.30(1H,s),10.05(1H,s),9.23(1H,s),8.80-8.64(3H,br m),8.58(1H,s),8.54(1H,s),8.22(1H,s),8.08(1H,s),8.03(1H,s),7.90-7.80(1H,br m),7.72-7.61(2H,brm),7.44(1H,t,J=7.7Hz),7.28(1H,d,J=7.2Hz),7.23(1H,d,J=8.0Hz),6.36(2H,br s),6.07(1H,d,J=12.3Hz),5.76(2H,br s),5.70(1H,d,J=8.3Hz),5.15(1H,br s),5.09-5.04(2H,m),4.92(1H,br s),4.63(1H,brs),4.38(1H,d,J=9.6Hz),4.32(1H,br s),4.13(1H,d,J=10.3Hz),4.06(1H,d,J=6.8Hz),3.93-3.89(3H,m),3.85(1H,d,J=7Hz),3.57(5H,brs),3.09(1H,s),2.88-2.85(5H,br m),2.24(1H,br s),2.20-2.000(6H,m),1.92(1H,d,J=14.5Hz),1.55(3H,s),1.15(3H,s),0.78(3H,d,J=6.9Hz)。HRMS(ES)C63H63N14O19S5(M+H)的计算值:1479.299,实测值:1479.299。
和
1H NMR(DMSO,500MHz):δ9.93(1H,s),9.28(1H,s),8.78(2H,br s),8.67(1H,br s),8.64-8.54(2H,m),8.41(1H,s),8.23(1H,s),8.19(1H,s),8.13-8.08(1H,m),7.79-7.61(3H,m),7.44(1H,t,J=7.6Hz),7.35(1H,d,J=7.8Hz),7.28(1H,d,J=7.1Hz),6.56(1H,s),6.38(1H,s),6.07(1H,d,J=12.2Hz),5.80(1H,s),5.76-5.69(2H,m),5.10-5.04(3H,m),4.88(1H,br s),4.60(1H,br m),4.39(1H,d,J=9.6Hz),4.31-4.29(1H,m),4.13(1H,d,J=10.3Hz),4.06(1H,d,J=9.4Hz),3.93(3H,s),3.90-85(2H,m),3.43(4H,br m),3.1(1H,s),2.92-2.80(4H,m),2.14-1.91(7H,m),1.55(3H,s),1.16(3H,s),0.78(3H,d,J=6.8Hz).HRMS(ES)C63H63N14O19S5(M+H)的计算值:1479.299,实测值:1479.298。
实施例25
(式I:R1=-CO(CH2)2CO2CH2CH3,R2=H,Z=NHC(=CH2)CONH2)
在0℃,将乙基琥珀酰氯(0.14mmol)加入到诺卡硫星I(0.035mmol)和吡啶(0.5ml)混合物中。将混合物搅拌约10分钟,然后加入氯仿(1ml),然后减压除去溶剂。残余物进一步蒸发至干,所得浅黄色固体用制备性HPLC进一步纯化。将含有产物的流分冷冻并冻干,得到20mg黄色固体产物:MS(MH+)=1565。
实施例26和实施例27
式I:R1=R2=2-(N-吗啉基)乙基,Z=NHC(=CH2)CONH2
和式I:R1=H,R2=2-(N-吗啉基)乙基,Z=NHC(=CH2)CONH2
向剧烈搅拌的诺卡硫星I(144mg,0.1mmol)的水(5mL)悬浮液中加入三乙胺(70μL,0.5mmol),然后加入盐酸1-(2-氯乙基)吗啉(37mg,0.2mmol)。所得澄清反应混合物在室温下搅拌17小时,然后用制备性HPLC以甲醇/水(含有0.1% TFA)纯化。将含有产物的流分合并,浓缩并冻干,得到所需产物的TFA盐:17.4mg的二取代产物和90mg的一取代产物:
式I:R1=R2=2-(N-吗啉基)乙基,Z=NHC(=CH2)CONH2:1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6):δ10.10(1H,s),9.18(1H,s),8.67(1H,s),8.63-8.57(2H,m),8.55(1H,s),8.31(1H,br s),8.21(1H,s),8.19(1H,s),7.88(1H,s),7.80-7.75(2H,m),7.70-7.66(1H,m),7.48(1H,t,J=7.5Hz),7.32(1H,d,J=4.6Hz),7.17(1H,d,J=8.5Hz),6.57(1H,s),6.38(1H,br m),6.03(1H,d,J=12.5Hz),5.87(1H,d,J=10.7Hz),5.81(1H,s),5.72(1H,d,J=10.1Hz),5.36(1H,d,J=7.3Hz),5.10(1H,s),5.08-5.04(2H,m),4.86(1H,s),4.85-4.80(2H,m),4.72(1H,J=9.5Hz),4.38(2H,d,J=9.8Hz),4.12(2H,d,J=9.8Hz),4.01-3.85(7H,m),3.54-3.25(19H,m),3.10(1H,s),2.87(6H,br s),2.14-2.09(1H,m),2.02(3H,s),1.94(1H,d,J=14.0Hz),1.24(2H,br s),1.13(3H,d,J=4.6Hz),0.79(3H,d,J=6.7Hz)。HRMS C73H83N16O20S5(M+H)的计算值:1663.457;实测值:1663.462。
式I:R1=H,R2=2-(N-吗啉基)乙基:1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:11.41(1H,s),10.05(1H,s),9.23(1H,s),8.66-8.56(4H,m),8.55(1H,s),8.22(1H,s),8.13(1H,s),8.10(1H,s),7.86(1H,s),7.75(1H,d,J=10.08Hz),7.72(1H,d,J=4HZ),7.63(1H,s),7.50(1H,t,J=7.8Hz),7.33(1H,d,J=7.1Hz),7.14(1H,d,J=8.03Hz),6.38(1H,d,J=13.3Hz),6.37(1H,s),6.02(1H,d,J=12.04Hz),5.88(1H,d,J=12.6Hz),5.76(1H,s),5.71(1H,d,J=9.7Hz),5.38(1H,d,J=8.5Hz),5.24(1H,br s),5.10(1H,s),5.06(1H,d,J=4.7Hz),4.85(1H,d,J=10.3Hz),4.75(1H,d,J=11.2Hz),4.39(1H,d,J=9.4Hz),4.25(1H,br s),4.12(2H,t,J=11.3Hz),3.92(3H,s),3.87(1H,d,J=7.2Hz),3.51-3.42(13H,m),3.41(1H,d,J=5.2Hz),3.10(1H,s),2.87(6H,s),2.54(1H,s),2.43(1H,br s),2.12(1H,d,J=9.8Hz),2.02(3H,s),1.93(1H,d,J=14.6Hz),1.58(3H,s),1.15(3H,d,J=5.0Hz),0.78(3H,d,J=6.8Hz).HRMS C67H72N15O19S5(M+H)的计算值:1550.373;实测值:1550.370。
以类似方式,采用通用反应或该反应的通常变化,制备表1所述实施例28-87的化合物。任何进一步修改是本领域技术人员众所周知的。
表1.实施例28-87的分析数据.
所述化合物的抗生素活性
为了证明本发明化合物的抗微生物性质,按照美国国家临床实验室标准委员会(National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards(NCCLS))推荐的标准,采用常规肉汤微量稀释法,测得本发明化合物抗多种细菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)。除了肺炎链球菌在50%的Mueller-Hinton培养基和50% Todd Hewitt培养基上进行测试外,连续肉汤稀释法采用Mueller-Hinton培养基。最终细菌接种液含有约5×105cfu/孔,在微量滴定板上进行实验。每孔体积为100μL,将滴定板在35℃在环境空气中温育18小时。MIC值定义为防止可见生长的最低药物浓度。获得的一些结果示于下表2,证明本发明的化合物可用于治疗细菌感染。
表2.式I化合物的抗菌活性。
实施例 | MIC(μg/mL)金黄色葡萄球菌A15090 | MIC(μg/mL)肺炎链球菌A28272 | MIC(μg/mL)粪肠球菌A20688 |
1 | 0.015 | 0.003 | 0.015 |
2 | 1.0 | 0.015 | 0.125 |
3 | 1.0 | 0.25 | 2.0 |
4 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.25 |
5 | 0.125 | 0.06 | 0.25 |
6 | 0.03 | 0.003 | 0.125 |
7 | 0.125 | 0.007 | 0.125 |
8 | 0.5 | 0.03 | 0.25 |
9 | 2.0 | 0.125 | 4.0 |
10 | 0.5 | 0.015 | 0.5 |
11 | 16 | 0.06 | >128 |
12 | 0.25 | 0.015 | 1.0 |
13 | 0.015 | 0.003 | 0.03 |
14 | >128 | 0.5 | 2.0 |
15 | ≤0.001 | 0.007 | 0.03 |
16 | 0.003 | 0.0005 | 0.003 |
17 | 0.25 | 0.06 | 1.0 |
18 | 0.007 | 0.001 | 0.015 |
19 | 0.06 | 0.003 | 0.125 |
20 | 16 | 0.5 | >128 |
21 | 1.0 | 0.50 | 1.0 |
22 | 0.125 | 0.015 | 0.25 |
23 | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.25 |
24 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.015 |
26 | 1.0 | 0.03 | 0.25 |
27 | 0.25 | 0.015 | 0.06 |
实施例 | MIC(μg/mL)金黄色葡萄球菌A15090 | MIC(μg/mL)肺炎链球菌A28272 | MIC(μg/mL)粪肠球菌A20688 |
28 | 2.0 | 0.25 | 32 |
31 | 0.25 | 0.06 | 0.5 |
32 | 1.0 | 0.015 | 1.0 |
34 | 0.25 | 0.125 | 1.0 |
35 | 1.0 | 0.03 | 1.0 |
36 | 0.25 | 0.007 | 0.25 |
37 | 0.03 | 0.001 | 0.06 |
38 | 0.125 | 0.001 | 0.03 |
40 | 0.125 | 0.015 | 0.25 |
41 | 0.015 | 0.001 | 0.03 |
42 | 0.25 | 0.06 | 1.0 |
43 | 0.125 | 0.03 | 0.06 |
44 | 0.125 | 0.03 | 0.25 |
45 | 2.0 | 0.03 | 1.0 |
46 | 0.5 | 0.015 | 1.0 |
47 | 0.06 | 0.015 | 0.25 |
48 | 1.0 | 0.03 | 2 |
49 | 0.5 | 0.007 | 0.25 |
50 | 1.0 | 0.03 | 1.0 |
51 | 0.5 | 0.015 | 0.125 |
52 | 0.5 | 0.06 | 0.25 |
53 | 0.25 | 0.125 | 1.0 |
55 | 8.0 | 1 | 8.0 |
56 | 0.125 | 0.007 | 0.5 |
57 | 4.0 | 0.06 | >128 |
58 | 16 | 0.06 | >128 |
59 | 16 | 0.5 | >128 |
60 | 0.125 | 0.001 | 0.06 |
61 | 0.03 | 0.0005 | 0.03 |
62 | 0.125 | 0.015 | 0.125 |
63 | 0.06 | 0.003 | 0.06 |
64 | 1.0 | 0.06 | 0.125 |
65 | 0.25 | 0.03 | 0.5 |
66 | 2.0 | 0.001 | 0.25 |
67 | >128 | 0.5 | 128 |
68 | 8.0 | 0.007 | 4.0 |
69 | 16 | 0.25 | 64 |
70 | 4.0 | 0.06 | 0.5 |
71 | 8.0 | 0.125 | 4.0 |
72 | 4.0 | 0.06 | 4.0 |
73 | 2.0 | 0.25 | 2.0 |
74 | 0.06 | 0.0005 | 0.25 |
75 | 0.03 | 0.0005 | 0.06 |
77 | 0.5 | 0.03 | 1.0 |
78 | 64 | 0.06 | 16 |
79 | 1.0 | 0.015 | 1.0 |
81 | 128 | 8 | >128 |
82 | 0.03 | 0.015 | 0.06 |
83 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.06 |
85 | 0.5 | 0.007 | 0.5 |
86 | 4.0 | 0.5 | 4.0 |
87 | 1.0 | 0.06 | 2.0 |
用雌性ICR小鼠,评价多个式I化合物在全身感染模型的体内抗生素活性。用悬浮于7%粘蛋白的6.5×106CFU的金黄色葡萄球菌A15090隔夜培养物,腹膜内(IP)感染所述动物。所述化合物以4个剂量水平(25、6.25、1.56和0.39mg/kg)进行试验,并且制备为由10%DMSO、5%吐温80和85%水组成的试验制剂。PD50(保护50%小鼠免于死亡的给予药物剂量)实验进行5天。此间,每天检查小鼠死亡率并记录死亡。每一剂量水平的累积死亡率用于计算每种化合物的PD50值。在5天末,通过CO2吸入处死存活小鼠。用计算机程序,应用Spearman-Karber方法实际计算PD50。感染后1小时和4小时,皮下(sc)给予所述溶液。发现几个化合物的体内效力(用PD50值表示)在0.16-10.00mg/kg范围内,即实施例5、6、7、8、12、13、17、18、21、27、37、41、47、50、53和63的化合物。
Claims (9)
1.一种式I化合物,所述化合物包含其药学可接受的盐:
其中:
W为
Z选自-NH2和
R1选自
氢、-P(O)A1A2、-C(O)C1-6烷基、-C(O)芳基、-C(O)NHC1-6烷基、-C(O)NH芳基、-(CH2CH2O)mMe、-C1-6烯基、-C1-6炔基和-C1-6烷基;其中所述C1-6烷基任选被1-6个羟基取代或任选被1-2个选自(a)-(i)的相同或不同取代基取代:
(a)CO2R3;
(b)CONR4R5;
(c)OP(O)A1A2;
(d)SO3H;
(e)-O(CH2)nSiR6 3;
(f)选自吡咯烷基、哌啶基、哌嗪基和吗啉基的杂脂环基;
(g)氰基;
(h)环氧基;和
(i)芳基;
前提条件是R1和R2不同时为H;
R2选自
氢、-P(O)A1A2、-SO3H、-C(O)C1-6烷基、-C(O)CH=CHCO2R3、-C(O)芳基、-C(O)N(H)(C1-6烷基-T)、-C(O)N(Me)(C1-6烷基-T)、(CH2CH2O)pH、-(CH2CH2O)qMe、-C1-6烯基、-C1-6烷基和-C1-6炔基;其中所述-C1-6烷基任选被1-6个羟基取代或任选被1-2个选自(j)-(v)的相同或不同的取代基取代:
(j)卤基;
(k)CO2R3;
(l)CONR4R5;
(m)OP(O)A1A2;
(n)P(O)A1A2;
(o)SO3H;
(p)-O(CH2)rSiR6 3;
(q)选自吡咯烷基、哌啶基、哌嗪基、吗啉基、咪唑基和吡啶基的杂环或杂脂环基;
(r)氰基;
(s)叠氮基;
(t)芳基;
(u)NR4R5;和
R3选自氢、C1-6烷基、烯丙基、苄基、2-羟乙基和2-四氢吡喃基;
R4和R5各自独立选自氢、C1-6烷基、CH2CN、CH2CH2NH(叔丁氧基羰基)、C(=NH)NH2和SO2N(C1-6烷基)2;或者R4和R5与连接它们的氮一起形成选自吡咯烷基、哌啶基、哌嗪基、吗啉基、咪唑基和吡啶的杂环基或杂脂环基;
R6选自C1-6烷基和苯基;
A1和A2各自独立选自氢、-C1-6烷基、-OC1-6烷基、苄氧基、2-氯乙氧基和羟基;
T选自氢、-OH、-(CH2CH2O)sH、-(CH2CH2O)tCH3和-NR4R5;
m、n、p、q、r、s和t独立为1-6;并且
芳基为任选被卤基或-CO2R3取代的苯基。
3.权利要求1的化合物,所述化合物包括其药学可接受的盐,其中Z为-NH2。
4.权利要求2的化合物,所述化合物选自(a)-(q):
(a)R1和R2为CH3;
(b)R1和R2为P(O)(CH3)OH;
(c)R1和R2为CH2OP(O)(OH)2;
(d)R1为P(O)(CH3)OH,且R2为H;
(e)R1为
且R2为H;
(f)R1为H,且R2为P(O)(CH3)OH;
(g)R1为H,且R2为CH2CONH2;
(h)R1为H,且R2为CH2CO2CH3;
(i)R1为H,且R2为CH2CH2CH2SO3H;
(j)R1为H,且R2为CH2P(O)(OEt)2;
(k)R1为H,且R2为CH2OP(O)(OH)2;
(l)R1为H,且R2为CH2CH2Cl;
(n)R1为H,且R2为CH3;
(o)R1为H,且R2为CONH(CH2CH2O)4H;
(p)R1为H,且R2为
(q)R1为H,且R2为
5.权利要求3的化合物,其中R1为H,且R2为CH2CH2CH2SO3H。
6.一种药用组合物,所述组合物包含治疗有效量的权利要求1的化合物和药学上可接受的载体、辅料或稀释剂。
7.一种治疗或预防细菌或分枝杆菌感染的方法,所述方法包括给予有需要的哺乳动物治疗有效量的权利要求1的化合物。
8.权利要求7的方法,其中所述细菌或分枝杆菌感染是由革兰氏阳性菌或分枝杆菌引起的。
9.权利要求8的方法,其中引起所述革兰氏阳性菌感染或分枝杆菌感染的微生物选自:耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcusaureus)、耐万古霉素金黄色葡萄球菌、耐万古霉素粪肠球菌(Enterococcus faecalis)、耐万古霉素屎肠球菌(Enterococcus faecium)、耐青霉素肺炎链球菌(Streptococcus pneumoniae)和结核分枝杆菌(Mycobacteria tuberculosis)。
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US10/189,710 | 2002-07-03 | ||
US10/189,710 US7022667B2 (en) | 2002-07-03 | 2002-07-03 | O-derivatized nocathiacin derivatives |
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EP (1) | EP1531854A4 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2005536492A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1678340A (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2003247783A1 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR0312550A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2491074A1 (zh) |
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WO (1) | WO2004004646A2 (zh) |
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EP2010202B1 (en) | 2006-04-18 | 2013-09-25 | Piramal Enterprises Limited | Antibacterial compounds |
GB0609617D0 (en) * | 2006-05-16 | 2006-06-21 | Astrazeneca Ab | Process & intermediate |
US20080132500A1 (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2008-06-05 | Kun Liu | Antibiotic compounds |
US20080242597A1 (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2008-10-02 | Kun Liu | Antibiotic compounds |
TW202241840A (zh) * | 2021-01-06 | 2022-11-01 | 日商中外製藥股份有限公司 | 酸性官能基的烷基化方法 |
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JP2002520365A (ja) | 1998-07-16 | 2002-07-09 | ブリストルーマイヤーズ スクイブ カンパニー | ノカチアシン抗生物質 |
AU5806499A (en) | 1998-09-04 | 2000-03-27 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | Nocathiacin antibiotic derivatives prepared by microbial biotransformation |
US6287827B1 (en) * | 1999-05-05 | 2001-09-11 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | Halo- or hydroxy-substituted nocathiacin antibiotics |
US20020055465A1 (en) | 2000-08-14 | 2002-05-09 | Wenying Li | Nocathiacin antibiotics prepared by biotransformation or chemical methods |
US20020065219A1 (en) * | 2000-08-15 | 2002-05-30 | Naidu B. Narasimhulu | Water soluble thiazolyl peptide derivatives |
-
2002
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2003
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CA2491074A1 (en) | 2004-01-15 |
WO2004004646A3 (en) | 2004-09-16 |
US20040018963A1 (en) | 2004-01-29 |
AU2003247783A1 (en) | 2004-01-23 |
JP2005536492A (ja) | 2005-12-02 |
EP1531854A2 (en) | 2005-05-25 |
MXPA05000140A (es) | 2005-04-11 |
US7022667B2 (en) | 2006-04-04 |
EP1531854A4 (en) | 2006-06-28 |
WO2004004646A2 (en) | 2004-01-15 |
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