CN1668290B - 用于抑制血小板凝集的修饰氨基酸 - Google Patents
用于抑制血小板凝集的修饰氨基酸 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1668290B CN1668290B CN038169231A CN03816923A CN1668290B CN 1668290 B CN1668290 B CN 1668290B CN 038169231 A CN038169231 A CN 038169231A CN 03816923 A CN03816923 A CN 03816923A CN 1668290 B CN1668290 B CN 1668290B
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- platelet aggregation
- amino acid
- modified amino
- calcitonin
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种抑制哺乳动物血小板凝集的方法。该方法包括施用血小板凝集抑制量的修饰氨基酸或其可药用盐。
Description
血小板的活化和凝集与不稳定型心绞痛和急性心肌梗死、溶血栓治疗和血管成形术后的再阻塞、短暂性脑缺血发作以及各种其它心血管病症有关。当血管由于急性介入如血管成形术或更慢性地由于动脉粥样硬化病理生理过程而受到损伤时,血小板被活化,粘附于损伤表面并相互粘结。该血小板的活化、粘附和凝集可导致血管腔内的闭塞性血栓形成。
多年以来已经将多种物质作为抑制血小板凝集和血栓形成的可能目标进行了研究。例如,阿司匹林因具有抑血小板凝集的能力而已经被用作预防性抗血栓形成药。
美国专利No.5,773,647(‘647)和5,866,536(‘536)描述了用于口服递送含修饰氨基酸的药理学活性剂如N-(5-氯水杨酰基)-8-氨基辛酸(5-CNAC)、N-(10-[2-羟基苯甲酰基]氨基)癸酸(SNAD)和N-(8-[2-羟基苯甲酰基]氨基)辛酸(SNAC)的组合物。另外,WO 00/059863(‘863)公开了式I的二钠盐:
其中:
R1、R2、R3和R4独立地为氢、-OH、-NR6R7、卤素、C1-C4烷基或C1-C4烷氧基;
R5为取代或未取代的C2-C16亚烷基、取代或未取代的C2-C16亚烯基、取代或未取代的C1-C12烷基(亚芳基)或者取代或未取代的芳基(C1-C12亚烷基);且
R6和R7独立地为氢、氧或C1-C4烷基;及其水合物和溶剂合物,其用于口服递送活性剂特别有效。
令人惊奇的是,现已发现:‘647、‘536和‘863中的修饰氨基酸是有效的血小板凝集抑制剂。因此,用‘647、‘536和‘863中的修饰氨基酸作为药理学活性剂的载体的药物组合物具有抑制血小板凝集的额外优点。
因此,本发明提供了一种抑制哺乳动物、优选人血小板凝集的方法,该方法包括施用血小板凝集抑制量的修饰氨基酸或其可药用盐。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明提供了一种抑制哺乳动物、优选人血小板凝集的方法,该方法包括施用包含血小板凝集抑制量的修饰氨基酸或其可药用盐的药物组合物。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明提供了一种抑制接受药理学活性剂的哺乳动物、优选人血小板凝集的方法,该方法包括施用包含所述的药理学活性剂和修饰氨基酸或其可药用盐的药物组合物,其中修饰氨基酸或其盐以抑制血小板凝集的有效量存在。
此外,本发明还涉及一种抑制哺乳动物(优选人)血小板凝集的方法,该方法包括向所述患者施用血小板凝集抑制量的N-(5-氯水杨酰基)-8-氨基辛酸(5-CNAC)或其可药用盐。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明提供了一种抑制哺乳动物、优选人血小板凝集的方法,该方法包括施用包含血小板凝集抑制量的5-CNAC或其可药用盐的药物组合物。
在更进一步的实施方案中,本发明提供了一种抑制接受药理学活性剂的哺乳动物、优选人血小板凝集的方法,该方法包括施用包含所述的药理学活性剂和5-CNAC或其可药用盐的药物组合物,其中5-CNAC或其盐以抑制血小板凝集的有效量存在。
应当理解:在本发明的包含药理学活性剂和修饰氨基酸的实施方案中,血小板凝集抑制活性是修饰氨基酸的功能。该血小板凝集活性并非药理学活性剂的功能。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明提供了一种抑制接受肝素、胰岛素、甲状旁腺激素或降钙素治疗的哺乳动物血小板凝集的方法,该方法包括施用包含所述的肝素、胰岛素、甲状旁腺激素或降钙素以及修饰氨基酸或其可药用盐的药物组合物,其中修饰氨基酸以抑制血小板凝集的有效量存在。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明提供了一种本发明的抑制血小板凝集的方法,其中的降钙素是鲑降钙素。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明提供了一种本发明的抑制血小板凝集的方法,其中修饰氨基酸以约25mg至约400mg的量、优选以约100mg至约200mg的量存在。
在进一步的实施方案中,本发明提供了一种本发明的抑制血小板凝集的方法,其中药理学活性剂存在的量为相对于药物组合物的总重量以重量计0.05%至70%。
在进一步的实施方案中,本发明提供了一种抑制接受肝素、胰岛素、甲状旁腺激素或降钙素治疗的哺乳动物血小板凝集的方法,该方法包括施用包含所述的肝素、胰岛素、甲状旁腺激素或降钙素以及5-CNAC或其可药用盐的药物组合物,其中5-CNAC以抑制血小板凝集的有效量存在。
在进一步的实施方案中,本发明提供了一种本发明的抑制血小板凝集的方法,其中药物组合物包含降钙素和5-CNAC或其可药用盐,并且所述的哺乳动物是人。
在进一步的实施方案中,本发明提供了一种本发明的抑制血小板凝集的方法,其中的降钙素为鲑降钙素。
本发明涉及包含血小板凝集抑制量的修饰氨基酸或其可药用盐的药物组合物在制备用于抑制血小板凝集的药物中的用途。
本发明还涉及包含药理学活性剂和修饰氨基酸或其可药用盐的药物组合物在制备用于抑制血小板凝集的药物中的用途,其中修饰氨基酸或其盐以抑制血小板凝集的有效量存在。
在一个优选实施方案中,本发明涉及包含药理学活性剂和修饰氨基酸或其可药用盐的药物组合物在制备用于抑制血小板凝集的药物中的用途,其中修饰氨基酸或其盐以抑制血小板凝集的有效量存在,所述的修饰氨基酸为N-(5-氯水杨酰基)-8-氨基辛酸(5-CNAC)或其可药用盐。
本发明还涉及包含肝素、胰岛素、甲状旁腺激素或降钙素以及修饰氨基酸或其可药用盐的药物组合物在制备用于抑制接受肝素、胰岛素、甲状旁腺激素(PTH)或降钙素治疗的哺乳动物(优选人)血小板凝集的药物中的用途,其中修饰氨基酸或其盐以抑制血小板凝集的有效量存在。
在一个优选实施方案中,本发明涉及本发明的药物组合物的用途,其中的降钙素为鲑降钙素。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明涉及本发明的药物组合物的用途,其中修饰氨基酸以约25mg至约400mg的量存在。
在一个优选实施方案中,本发明涉及本发明的药物组合物的用途,其中修饰氨基酸以约100mg至约200mg的量存在。
在另一个优选实施方案中,本发明涉及本发明的药物组合物的用途,其中药理学活性剂存在的量为相对于药物组合物的总重量以重量计0.05%至70%。
本发明还涉及本发明的药物组合物的用途,其中药物组合物包含降钙素和5-CNAC或其可药用盐,并且所述的哺乳动物是人。
本发明还涉及用于抑制血小板凝集、包含血小板凝集抑制量的修饰氨基酸或其可药用盐的药物组合物。
此外,本发明还涉及用于抑制血小板凝集、包含药理学活性剂和修饰氨基酸或其可药用盐的药物组合物,其中修饰氨基酸或其盐以抑制血小板凝集的有效量存在。
本发明的其它特征和优点将由本发明的以下详细说明和所附的权利要求而变得显而易见。
用5μM二磷酸腺苷(ADP)作为血小板凝集刺激剂并用不同浓度的5-CNAC作为血小板凝集抑制剂在来自12名健康个体的富血小板血浆(PRP)中进行剂量-抑制实验。建立由5μM ADP刺激的三名单独个体的血小板凝集曲线。
用5μM二磷酸腺苷(ADP)作为血小板凝集刺激剂并用不同浓度的5-CNAC作为血小板凝集抑制剂在来自12名健康个体的富血小板血浆(PRP)中进行剂量-抑制实验。建立由5μM ADP刺激的三名单独个体的血小板凝集曲线。
用3μM ADP作为血小板凝集刺激剂并用不同浓度的5-CNAC作为血小板凝集抑制剂在PRP中进行剂量-抑制实验。建立由3μM ADP刺激的两名单独个体的血小板凝集曲线。
用2μM ADP作为血小板凝集刺激剂并用不同浓度的5-CNAC作为血小板凝集抑制剂在PRP中进行剂量-抑制实验。建立由2μM ADP刺激的四名单独个体的血小板凝集曲线。
用5μg/mL胶原蛋白作为血小板凝集刺激剂并用不同浓度的5-CNAC作为血小板凝集抑制剂在PRP中进行剂量-抑制实验。建立由5μg/mL胶原蛋白刺激的两名单独个体的血小板凝集曲线。
用2.5μg/mL胶原蛋白作为血小板凝集刺激剂并用不同浓度的5-CNAC作为血小板凝集抑制剂在PRP中进行剂量-抑制实验。建立由2.5μg/mL胶原蛋白刺激的两名单独个体的血小板凝集曲线。
用2.0μg/mL胶原蛋白作为血小板凝集刺激剂并用不同浓度的5-CNAC作为血小板凝集抑制剂在PRP中进行剂量-抑制实验。建立由2.0μg/mL胶原蛋白刺激的个体的血小板凝集曲线。
用1μg/mL胶原蛋白作为血小板凝集刺激剂并用不同浓度的5-CNAC作为血小板凝集抑制剂在PRP中进行剂量-抑制实验。建立由1μg/mL胶原蛋白刺激的个体的血小板凝集曲线。
用0.75μg/mL胶原蛋白作为血小板凝集刺激剂并用不同浓度的5-CNAC作为血小板凝集抑制剂在PRP中进行剂量-抑制实验。用0.5μg/mL胶原蛋白作为血小板凝集刺激剂并用不同浓度的5-CNAC作为血小板凝集抑制剂在PRP中进行剂量-抑制实验。建立由0.5μg/mL胶原蛋白刺激的个体的血小板凝集曲线。
可用于本发明的修饰氨基酸包括上文提及的‘536中所公开的123种修饰氨基酸中的任何一种或上文提及的‘647中所公开的193种修饰氨基酸中的任何一种或其任何组合。在此将上文提及的‘647和‘536中的内容全部引入作为参考,尤其是权利要求及相应工作实施例的主题内容。另外,修饰氨基酸可以是上文提及的氨基酸中任何一种的二钠盐及其乙醇溶剂合物和水合物。适宜的化合物包括以下式I的化合物:
其中:
R1、R2、R3和R4独立地为氢、-OH、-NR6R7、卤素、C1-C4烷基或C1-C4烷氧基;
R5为取代或未取代的C2-C16亚烷基、取代或未取代的C2-C16亚烯基、取代或未取代的C1-C12烷基(亚芳基)或者取代或未取代的芳基(C1-C12亚烷基);
且
R6和R7独立地为氢、氧或C1-C4烷基;及其水合物和醇溶剂合物。式I化合物以及它们的二钠盐和其醇溶剂合物和水合物连同制备它们的方法在WO 00/059863中有描述。
二钠盐可通过用本领域已知的方法蒸发或干燥乙醇溶剂合物以形成无水二钠盐而由乙醇溶剂合物制备。干燥通常在约80℃至约120℃、优选约85℃至约90℃的温度下、且最优选在约85℃下进行。干燥步骤通常在26”Hg或更大压力下进行。无水二钠盐通常含有以重量计少于约5%的乙醇,优选以重量计少于约2%的乙醇,以无水二钠盐的总重量为100%。
修饰氨基酸的二钠盐也可以通过制备修饰氨基酸在水中的浆液并加入两摩尔当量的含水氢氧化钠、醇钠等来制备。适宜的醇钠包括但不限于甲醇钠、乙醇钠和其混和物。
制备二钠盐的更进一步的方法是通过使修饰氨基酸与一摩尔当量的氢氧化钠反应以得到二钠盐。
固体形式的二钠盐可通过将含有二钠盐的溶液真空蒸馏至粘稠糊状物而被分离。可将该糊状物在真空干燥箱内干燥以获得固体形式的修饰氨基酸的二钠盐。该固体也可以通过将二钠盐的水性溶液喷雾干燥而被分离。
修饰氨基酸可以用本领域已知的方法制备,例如如以上所提及的那样,用‘647和‘536中所述的方法制备。
上文提及的‘863中所述的乙醇溶剂合物包括但不限于溶剂乙醇的分子或离子与修饰氨基酸二钠盐的分子或离子形成的分子或离子络合物。典型地,对于每分子修饰氨基酸的二钠盐而言,乙醇溶剂合物含有约一个乙醇分子或离子。
修饰氨基酸二钠盐的乙醇溶剂合物可通过将修饰氨基酸溶解在乙醇中来制备。典型地,每克修饰氨基酸溶解在约1mL至约50mL乙醇中,通常溶解在约2mL至约10mL乙醇中。然后使修饰氨基酸/乙醇溶液与相对于修饰氨基酸而言摩尔过量的含钠盐如单钠盐反应,即对于每摩尔修饰氨基酸而言存在一摩尔以上的钠阳离子,得到乙醇溶剂合物。适宜的单钠盐包括但不限于氢氧化钠;醇钠,如甲醇钠和乙醇钠;以及它们的任何组合。优选地,向乙醇溶液中加入至少约两摩尔当量的单钠盐,即对于每摩尔修饰氨基酸而言存在至少约两摩尔的钠阳离子。通常,反应在或低于混合物回流温度下、如在环境温度下进行。然后用本领域已知的方法回收乙醇溶剂合物,如常压蒸馏浓缩得到的浆液,将浓浆液冷却并滤出固体。然后可将回收的固体真空干燥,得到乙醇溶剂合物。
修饰氨基酸二钠盐的水合物可以通过如上所述的干燥乙醇溶剂合物以形成无水二钠盐并将无水二钠盐水合来制备。优选地,形成二钠盐的单水合物。由于无水二钠盐具有强吸湿性,所以暴露于大气湿度下即可形成水合物。通常,水合步骤在约环境温度至约50℃、优选环境温度至约30℃下进行并且环境的相对湿度为至少50%。或者,无水二钠盐也可以用蒸汽水合。
优选的修饰氨基酸是又称为8-(N-2-羟基-5-氯苯甲酰基)氨基辛酸的5-CNAC、SNAD、SNAC以及它们的单钠盐和二钠盐、它们的钠盐的乙醇溶剂合物和它们的钠盐的单水合物,及其任何组合。最优选的修饰氨基酸是5-CNAC的二钠盐及其单水合物。
适合用于本发明的药理学活性剂包括治疗性和预防性活性剂。药理学活性剂包括但不限于蛋白质、多肽、激素、包括粘多糖混合物在内的多糖、碳水化合物、脂类及其组合。
药理学活性剂的具体实例包括但不限于以下物质,包括合成、天然或重组来源的以下物质:生长激素,包括人生长激素、重组人生长激素、牛生长激素和猪生长激素;生长激素释放激素;干扰素,包括α、β和γ-干扰素;白细胞介素-1;白细胞介素-2;胰岛素,包括猪胰岛素、牛胰岛素、人胰岛素和重组人胰岛素,任选含有包括钠、锌、钙和铵在内的抗衡离子;胰岛素样生长因子,包括IGF-1;肝素,包括未分级肝素、类肝素、皮肤素、软骨素、低分子量肝素、极低分子量肝素和超低分子量肝素;降钙素,包括鲑降钙素、猪降钙素、鳗降钙素、鸡降钙素和人降钙素;红细胞生成素;心房利钠因子;抗原;单克隆抗体;促生长素抑制素;蛋白酶抑制剂;促肾上腺皮质激素;促性腺素释放激素;催产素;促黄体生成激素释放激素;促卵泡激素;葡糖脑苷脂酶;血小板生成素;非格司亭;前列腺素;环孢素;加压素;色甘酸钠(色甘酸钠或色甘酸二钠);万古霉素;去铁胺;甲状旁腺激素,包括其片段;抗微生物剂,包括抗真菌剂;维生素;这些化合物的类似物、片段、拟似物或聚乙二醇修饰的衍生物,或其任何组合。
优选的药理学活性剂是药理学活性肽,特别是降钙素。作为一类已知的药理学活性剂,降钙素具有多种药理学功效,通常用于治疗例如佩吉特病、高钙血症和经绝后骨质疏松。各种降钙素,包括鲑降钙素、猪降钙素和鳗降钙素可商购获得,并且通常用于治疗例如佩吉特病、恶性高钙血症和骨质疏松。降钙素可以是任何降钙素,包括天然、合成或重组来源的降钙素,以及降钙素衍生物,如1,7-Asu-鳗降钙素。组合物可以包含单一的降钙素或者两种或多种降钙素的任何组合。优选的降钙素是合成的鲑降钙素。降钙素可商购获得或可通过已知方法合成。
其它优选的药理学活性剂是肝素、胰岛素和PTH。
药理学活性剂的量通常为实现预期目的有效量,例如治疗有效量。然而,当施用多个组合物时,用量可以低于有效量,即可以以累积剂量单位施用总有效量。当组合物持续释放药理学活性剂时,活性剂的量也可以高于有效量。所用的活性剂总量可以用本领域技术人员已知的方法确定。然而,由于组合物较先前的组合物可更有效地递送活性剂,所以可以向所述个体施用较先前的剂量单位形式所用的量更小量的活性剂,而且仍可达到相同的血药浓度和/或治疗效果。
当药理学活性剂为鲑降钙素时,适宜的剂量当然应依据例如宿主和所治疗病症的性质和严重程度而改变。然而,通常,以约0.5μg/kg至约10μg/kg动物体重、优选1μg/kg至约6μg/kg体重的日剂量全身性施用可获得令人满意的结果。
药理学活性剂的含量通常为相对于整个药物组合物的总重量以重量计0.05%至70%,优选为相对于整个药物组合物的总重量以重量计0.01%至50%,更优选为相对于整个药物组合物的总重量以重量计0.3%至30%。
典型地,用于本发明的药物组合物包含血小板凝集抑制量的一种或多种修饰氨基酸,即足以抑制血小板凝集的量。通常,修饰氨基酸以约25mg至约400mg的剂量存在。最优选修饰氨基酸以约100mg至约200mg的剂量存在。
典型地,用于本发明的药物组合物包含药理学活性剂和血小板凝集抑制量的一种或多种修饰氨基酸,即足以抑制血小板凝集的量。
用于本发明的药物组合物可以以包括软胶囊在内的胶囊剂、片剂、胶囊形片剂或其它固体口服剂型提供,其中所有剂型均可以用本领域公知的方法制备。
用于本发明的药物组合物还可以包含常规用量的添加剂,包括但不限于pH调节剂;防腐剂;矫味剂;掩味剂;芳香剂;湿润剂;张力调节剂(tonicifier);着色剂;表面活性剂;增塑剂;润滑剂,如硬脂酸镁;助流剂;助压剂(compression aid);增溶剂;赋形剂;稀释剂,如微晶纤维素,例如FMC公司提供的Avicel PH 102;或其任何组合。其它添加剂可以包括磷酸缓冲盐、柠檬酸、乙二醇和其它分散剂。
用于本发明的药物组合物还可以任选地包含交联聚维酮,其可以是任何交联聚维酮。交联聚维酮是一种人工合成的又称为1-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮的N-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮的交联均聚物,分子量为1,000,000或更大。可商购获得的交联聚维酮包括ISP的Polyplasdone XL、Polyplasdone XL-10、Polyplasdone INF-10、BASF公司的Kollidon CL。
聚维酮是一种由直链1-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮基团组成的合成聚合物,分子量通常为2,500至3,000,000。可商购获得的聚维酮包括BASF公司的Kollidon K-30、Kollidon K-90F和ISP的Plasdone K-30和PlasdoneK-29/32。
如上所述,交联聚维酮和聚维酮均可商购获得。或者,它们也可以通过已知方法合成。
交联聚维酮、聚维酮或其组合通常在组合物中存在的量为相对于整个药物组合物的总重量以重量计0.5%至50%,优选为相对于整个药物组合物的总重量以重量计2%至25%,更优选为相对于药物组合物的总重量以重量计5%至20%。
药物组合物还可以包含一种或多种酶抑制剂,如放线酰胺素或表放线酰胺素(epiactinonin)及其衍生物;抑酶肽、抑肽酶和包曼-毕尔克抑制剂。
另外,在本发明的组合物中可以存在转运抑制剂,即ρ-糖蛋白,如Ketoprofin。
优选地,本发明的固体药物组合物包含稀释剂,如微晶纤维素;和润滑剂,如硬脂酸镁。
本发明的固体药物组合物可以通过常规方法制备,例如通过将一种或多种活性剂、递送剂和其它成分的组合进行混合,捏和并装入胶囊,或者不装入胶囊而是模塑、然后进一步压片或压缩模塑以得到片剂。另外,可通过已知方法形成固体分散体,然后进一步加工成片剂或胶囊剂。
优选地,本发明的药物组合物中的成分在整个固体剂型中是均匀或均质混合的。
本发明的药物组合物可以被施用于任何有需要的哺乳动物以递送药理学活性剂,所述的哺乳动物包括但不限于啮齿类动物、牛、猪、狗、猫和灵长类动物,特别是人。
实验操作方法
PRP(富血小板血浆)的制备
采集来自健康志愿者的新鲜抽取的静脉血放入0.1vol.mmol/L的柠檬酸钠中。血液供体在采血前两周内未服用过任何药物。通过将新鲜抽取的血液离心(150g,在22℃下15分钟)制备PRP,通过用经离心(1200g,在22℃下10分钟)制备的自身无血小板血浆稀释将血小板终浓度标化为200,000个细胞/μL。收集上清液。将PRP样品与在盐水中的不同浓度的5-CNAC溶液(在-20℃下贮存)一起预温育1分钟(22℃)。
血小板凝集研究
为了评价5-CNAC对血小板凝集的抑制作用,进行了以下研究。如上所述制备含有5-CNAC的0.400mL PRP样品。向这些样品中加入0.005mL凝集刺激剂,所述的凝集刺激剂为ADP(Roche Molecular Biochemicals,Mannheim)或胶原蛋白(Horm Chemie,Munich)。ADP或胶原蛋白的终浓度如“结果”部分所述。凝集研究在Chronolog 4channel凝集计(型号CH570VS-CH810)中进行。凝集计自动校正与供体有关的无血小板血浆(光密度为0%)和特定供体的PRP(光密度为100%)之间的光密度差异。通过表达光密度的最大差异(与加入凝集刺激剂、即ADP或胶原蛋白后的时间无关)测定凝集程度并进行标化,将对照曲线(无5-CNAC)作为内标,设定为100%。
结果
5-CNAC对由ADP诱导的血小板凝集的作用
注意到向PRP中仅加入5-CNAC不引起血小板凝集。
用5μM ADP作为血小板凝集刺激剂并用不同浓度的5-CNAC作为血小板凝集抑制剂在来自12名健康个体的PRP中进行剂量-抑制实验。所试验的浓度包括0.1、1、2、5、10、25、100、200和500μM。可以观察到:随着5-CNAC浓度的增加,对血小板凝集的抑制作用在约2μM 5-CNAC或更高时变得明显。建立由5μM ADP诱导的三名单独个体的凝集曲线。注意到5μM ADP刺激产生最大程度的血小板凝集。
为了研究在低于最佳ADP刺激下5-CNAC的抑制效果,用被不同浓度的5-CNAC对抗的更低浓度的ADP重复该研究。用3μM ADP进行剂量-抑制研究。建立各单独个体的相应的凝集曲线。用2μM ADP作为刺激剂进行相同实验。建立各单独个体的凝集曲线。结果显示:随着血小板凝集刺激剂(ADP)浓度的降低,血小板凝集被更低浓度的5-CNAC所抑制。此外,还观察到:在所试验的所有ADP浓度中,5-CNAC的血小板凝集抑制作用在凝集曲线的第二阶段中明显,但在凝集曲线的开始阶段中未观察到。该作用与干扰血小板-血小板偶联的整联蛋白IIb 3(糖蛋白IIb-IIIa)拮抗剂类似。
5-CNAC对由胶原蛋白刺激的血小板凝集的作用
与ADP相比,胶原蛋白是一种更有效的血小板凝集诱导剂。存在其中血小板于活化前与胶原蛋白不溶性纤维相结合的粘附阶段。结果显示:当使用高浓度凝集刺激剂胶原蛋白(5μg/mL)刺激血小板时,血小板对凝集抑制作用具有相对抗性。血小板不受100μM 5-CNAC影响。然而,在约1mM 5-CNAC下,即可检测到对血小板凝集的抑制作用。
在更低的胶原蛋白浓度(2.5μg/mL)下进行实验,结果表明:在一名个体的富血小板血浆中,200μM的5-CNAC对血小板凝集具有一定的抑制作用,但在更低浓度的5-CNAC下没有抑制作用。在2μg/mL胶原蛋白下,有一名个体显示在约1mM 5-CNAC下对血小板凝集有抑制作用,而在更低的胶原蛋白浓度(1μg/mL)下,5-CNAC在50μM或更高浓度时有明显抑制作用。更低浓度的刺激剂胶原蛋白显示出相似的被5-CNAC抑制的模式。与用ADP刺激的凝集类似,5-CNAC对胶原蛋白刺激的凝集的抑制作用也在凝集曲线的第二阶段中变得明显,而在开始的凝集曲线中未观察到凝集抑制作用。另外,当胶原蛋白的浓度降低时,血小板对5-CNAC的抑制作用更为敏感。
进一步的观察包括以下内容:i)5-CNAC不改变血小板的形态学,因为细胞的“漩涡(swirling)”保持完整不变;(ii)加入ADP后,光密度增加。该向下模式(downward pattern)的原因是细胞形状的改变,其是对血小板凝集的最初响应。该响应不被5-CNAC的存在所干扰;(iii)5-CNAC剂量依赖性地抑制凝集曲线的后期部分(又称为第二阶段凝集);(iv)PRP对5-CNAC的敏感性存在个体差异;以及(v)5-CNAC的作用显示出与干扰血栓烷A2产生的阿司匹林类药物的抑制作用或患有先天性分泌缺陷(所谓的“贮存池不足”)的患者的血小板具有相似性。
由上述内容可见,本发明的修饰氨基酸可有效抑制血小板凝集。
Claims (7)
1.包含血小板凝集抑制量的修饰氨基酸或其可药用盐的药物组合物在制备用于抑制血小板凝集的药物中的用途,其中所述的修饰氨基酸是N-(5-氯水杨酰基)-8-氨基辛酸。
2.权利要求1的用途,用于制备抑制接受肝素、胰岛素、甲状旁腺激素或降钙素治疗的哺乳动物血小板凝集的药物,其中所述药物组合物进一步包含肝素、胰岛素、甲状旁腺激素或降钙素。
3.权利要求1或2的用途,其中修饰氨基酸N-(5-氯水杨酰基)-8-氨基辛酸以25mg至400mg的量存在。
4.权利要求3的用途,其中修饰氨基酸以100mg至200mg的量存在。
5.权利要求2的用途,其中肝素、胰岛素、甲状旁腺激素或降钙素存在的量为相对于药物组合物的总重量以重量计0.05%至70%。
6.权利要求2的用途,其中的哺乳动物是人,并且药物组合物包含降钙素。
7.权利要求6的用途,其中的降钙素是鲑降钙素。
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AU2008318423B2 (en) | 2007-11-02 | 2013-12-05 | Emisphere Technologies, Inc. | Method of treating vitamin B12 deficiency |
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RU2504536C1 (ru) * | 2012-08-20 | 2014-01-20 | Государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Волгоградский государственный медицинский университет" Министерства здравоохранения и социального развития Российской Федерации | Производное амида салициловой кислоты, обладающее антибактериальной, противогрибковой и антилизоцимной активностью |
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US5563158A (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 1996-10-08 | The Dupont Merck Pharmaceutical Company | Aromatic compounds containing basic and acidic termini useful as fibrinogen receptor antagonists |
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WO1998034632A1 (en) * | 1997-02-07 | 1998-08-13 | Emisphere Technologies, Inc. | Compounds and compositions for delivering active agents |
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2003
- 2003-07-15 TW TW092119264A patent/TW200403052A/zh unknown
- 2003-07-16 AU AU2003257473A patent/AU2003257473A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-07-16 BR BR0312712-5A patent/BR0312712A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-07-16 WO PCT/EP2003/007739 patent/WO2004006907A1/en active Application Filing
- 2003-07-16 EP EP03763878A patent/EP1556027B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-07-16 CA CA2492378A patent/CA2492378C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-07-16 PT PT03763878T patent/PT1556027E/pt unknown
- 2003-07-16 ES ES03763878T patent/ES2379949T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-07-16 AT AT03763878T patent/ATE538782T1/de active
- 2003-07-16 JP JP2004520655A patent/JP4541884B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-07-16 US US10/521,492 patent/US20060106110A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-07-16 CN CN038169231A patent/CN1668290B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-07-08 US US12/169,184 patent/US20080280817A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2011
- 2011-12-15 US US13/327,129 patent/US8664211B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2379949T3 (es) | 2012-05-07 |
WO2004006907A1 (en) | 2004-01-22 |
JP4541884B2 (ja) | 2010-09-08 |
EP1556027B1 (en) | 2011-12-28 |
CN1668290A (zh) | 2005-09-14 |
US8664211B2 (en) | 2014-03-04 |
US20120088833A1 (en) | 2012-04-12 |
CA2492378C (en) | 2011-06-14 |
PT1556027E (pt) | 2012-04-10 |
BR0312712A (pt) | 2005-04-26 |
AU2003257473A1 (en) | 2004-02-02 |
TW200403052A (en) | 2004-03-01 |
CA2492378A1 (en) | 2004-01-22 |
EP1556027A1 (en) | 2005-07-27 |
JP2005535670A (ja) | 2005-11-24 |
ATE538782T1 (de) | 2012-01-15 |
US20060106110A1 (en) | 2006-05-18 |
US20080280817A1 (en) | 2008-11-13 |
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