CN1646962A - 导体用的可折叠互连装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及用来对光纤分配、确定路线并操纵的机械装置。此装置尤其适合用于计算机及电信设备等。一个实施方式中,本发明装置由许多导体及柔性基板组成。柔性基板具有(a)一个中心体,该中心体具有至少一个导体进入的输入端;(b)从中心体延伸的许多主接片,每个接片至少具有一个固定住导体的设置;(c)沿许多折叠槽将装置折叠形成的一个通道,此时许多锁定部件与许多联锁槽及主接片配合,导体位于通道至少一部分的内部。此装置不需要使用胶粘剂就能分配导体、确定导体路线并操纵导体。
Description
技术领域
本发明总体涉及能为许多导体例如光纤及金属线分配、确定路线并进行管理的装置,本发明特别涉及不依赖于胶粘剂来分配及管理导体的机械装置。本发明的装置可以用于包括集成印刷电路板在内的各种用途中。
发明背景
现在,许多用途都包括将光学及电学元件集成以便提高数据传输及存储能力的印刷电路板(PCB)。举例来说,这些用途包括计算机及电信(室内及户外)。在光学这一方面,一般使用4至32个或者更多的光纤,这就产生了光纤管理问题。使这一问题更为复杂的是,通常要在PCB上分配众多光纤并确定光纤的具体位置。本领域的一些技术人员已经尝试解决这些问题。
例如,美国专利No.5,204,525(Bonnani等人)披露了一种光学互连装置,此装置具有一个柔性基板以及安装在基板上的许多光纤。基板具有主体部分及从主体部分延伸的许多接片部分。光纤安装在基板上,使得每根光纤的两端在两个接片之间延伸。采用这种方式,在基板上形成了光纤分布网络。通过在柔性基板以及/或者光纤护套上沉积压敏胶粘剂,接着按照所需图案布置光纤,就安装了光纤。一个实施方式中,在基板上安装了光纤后,在光纤及基板上形成一层覆盖层。另一个实施方式中,接片部分能与基板主体成一个角度扭曲。还披露了一种光学互连装置的制造方法。
另一个例子中,目前商品化的一种产品FLEX-FOILTM通常含有粘结在柔性基板上的的光纤或铜线。如果有需要,可以在光纤及基板上加一层覆盖层。
上述说明的技术依赖一个共同特征一使用胶粘剂将光纤或铜线粘结到基板上。尽管胶粘剂的方法可能很有用,但它也伴随着一些缺陷,例如光纤是几乎永久装上的,额外有个胶粘剂粘结的操作步骤,由于温度及湿度影响,胶粘剂中的挥发性有机组分可能会脱气出来。
因此,需要其他不使用胶粘剂就能分配导体如光纤及铜线、确定导体路线并对其操纵的设备或装置。
发明概述
本发明提供了一种不使用胶粘剂就能管理、分配导体、确定导体路线并对其操纵的新机械装置。本发明的装置能通过流线型生产过程经济地制造。通常,本发明装置可以是在柔性基板上形成一些部件来构造。例如,说明性部件包括能固定互连元件的部件、能让装置折叠的部件、形成线路(光学或电学)路径的部件、能为导体提供贮槽的部件、以及在使用光纤时能使其具有最小安全弯曲半径的部件。
采用直角坐标系可以在空间上布置装置的线路,也就是说,在三维坐标系中,点在空间中的坐标是其到在原点相交的三条垂直线(x,y以及z)的距离。x轴代表装置的宽度,y轴代表宽度,z轴代表厚度。
用来说明基板时,这里使用的术语“柔性”一般表示基板能重复弯曲而基本不会被损坏。一个优选的实施方式中,装置具有平面外的柔性,即超出x-y平面的柔性。装置确实还具有平面内的柔性性。
一个优选实施方式中,互连装置含有许多导体及一个柔性基板,柔性基板有(a)具有至少一个输入端的中心体,导体通过该输入端进入;(b)从中心体延伸出来的许多主接片,(c)沿许多折叠槽折叠此装置形成的通道,从而使得许多锁定部件与许多联锁槽及主接片配合。导体位于至少一部分通道中。此装置不需要使用胶粘剂就可以管理光纤、确定光纤路线及分配光纤。
另一个优选的实施方式中,本发明装置用于光纤,含有一个柔性基板,柔性基板包括(a)具有输入端的中心体;(b)从中心体的一部分延伸出来的许多接片,每个接片具有至少一个固定住导体的设置;(c)从中心体的第二部分延伸出来的许多锁定部件;(d)位于中心体上的许多折叠部分。此装置不需要使用胶粘剂就能管理光纤、确定光纤路线及分配光纤。在又一个实施方式中,此装置进一步有个再终止环。
如所说明,本发明的一个优点就是它不依靠胶粘剂来将导体结合到基板如FLEX-FOILTM或者如美国专利No.5,024,525所述的基板上。相反的,本发明主要依靠在基板上形成的能管理导体并确定导体路线的部件图案。用这种方法,可以采用机械方式管理、分配并将导体固定在位,而不需要永久地将导体粘结到基板上。因此,如果有需要的话,例如在修理或者返工过程中,可以在基板上移动导体。
本发明的另一个优点是可以简便而经济地生产装置。简而言之,提供一卷柔性基板。装置会具有某种需要的构型或设计。这种构型可以通过计算机辅助设计(CAD)产生。将CAD构型输入计算机控制的生产机器中,该机器将柔性基板卷转变或形成所需构型。一个优选的方法中,采用激光如CO2激光,通过切割出所需构型在基板上形成图案。本领域的技术人员会认识到,用来在基板上形成图案的激光类型取决于所选基板的类型。
本发明的另一个优点在于它在使用上的通用性及简便性。本发明装置具有通用性,是因为可以很容易的在其上面形成图案,得到如上所述的所需构型。由于具有柔性,可以很容易的将其从PCB上提升,使空气在芯片中流动从而将其冷却,如果需要冷却的话。此装置还可以按一特定布局设计,避免有一些区域,这些区域例如是PCB上可能需要冷却的区域。装置易于使用,因为光纤及接头必要时可以独立于PCB进行重新组合,组合好的装置只要插入PCB或者所要使用的地方。最后,如果有需要的话,装置还能很容易地重新调整。
附图简单说明
参考下列示意图,可以进一步说明本发明:
图1是本发明一个实施方式的顶视图;
图2是装配的含有光学元件的图1实施方式的顶视图;;图2a是辅助等角投影图,图2b是各种部件的截面图;
图3是本发明的另一个扣接部件的等角投影图;
图4是本发明另一个实施方式的顶视图;
图5是装配的含有光学元件的图4实施方式的顶视图。
这些示意图是理想化的,绘制时未按比例,只是用来说明本发明,是非限制的。这些图中,同样的绘制时未按数字是指同样的部分。
本发明详细说明
用来制造本发明装置基板的材料可以是聚合物或金属,并且优选是柔性的。基板必须具有耐火性及低的发烟性。如果是聚合物,根据Underwriters Laboratory,Inc.,基板的防火等级应为UL 94 V-O,也就是说,基板必须通过UL 94V垂直燃烧测试。通常,UL 94包括标准测试方法,测试用作装置及设备中的部件的塑料材料的燃烧性。
说明的优选合适聚合物材料包括高功能特种薄膜如KYNAR,这种薄膜被认为是多层聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF),作为商品可以从ATOFINA North America,Philadelphia,PA购买,其产品信息可以在
www.kynarfilm.com网站上看到。其他有用的商品化的材料包括TEFLON(聚四氟乙烯)以及TEDLAR(聚氟乙烯,PVF),两者都可从DuPont Co.,Wilmington,DE获得,还有KAPTON以及MYLAR。另一种有用的材料是从Pittsfield,MA的通用电气(GE)公司的GE塑料部获得的产品名为LEXAN的材料,包括FR-60,FR63,FR65以及FR66。也可以使用Teflon衍生物材料。
装置在x及y轴方面可以采用任何尺寸,其外形仅受设计者想象力的限制。尽管装置可以具有任何厚度,但厚度必须保证柔性性。优选的实施方式中,装置的厚度为0.010至0.015英寸(0.25至0.38mm)。
图1显示了本发明的一个实施方式。装置10带有中心体12,从中心体的第一个侧面延伸出来的许多接片14以及从第一个侧面的反面即第二个侧面延伸出来的许多锁定部件20。中心体具有输入端11、许多折叠部分22以及可用的许多联锁槽24。图1显示了两种类型的锁定部件20a以及20b。锁定部件20a做成能用来与接片配合并由接片固定住,这些接片间隔布置以便起到这一功能。锁定部件20b做成能与联锁槽24配合并由联锁槽24固定住,这两种锁定部件都是可用可不用的。本领域的技术人员会认识到,锁定部件及联锁槽可以采用种种不同的结构。每个接片具有至少一个设置16(未显示)来固定住导体。每个接片带有末端13,末端上至少有一个槽18能用来连接元件如光学元件。接片可以,并且优选具有不同长度。当这些接片做成交替地其第一长度及第二长度之时,就能够有效地放置光学元件。如有需要的话,装置的接片或任何部分可以标注信息。可用的安装孔眼26能实现快速简便地装配于基板,例如印刷电路板(PCB)上。可以使用各种类型的紧固件通过安装孔眼将装置固定在位。例如,可以使用螺线或螺钉。尽管下面的图1及图4显示了一个输入端及许多接片,装置具有至少一个输入端及至少一个接片也在本发明的范围之内。因此,装置有可能具有多个输入端而只具有一个接片或者一个输入端及多个接片,或者仅具有一个输入端及一个输出端。
图2所示是装置100的示意图,此装置由图1的装置装配后得到。这种情况下,通过沿折叠部分(不再显示)将中心体折叠在装置内形成一个通道,此时锁定部件20a与许多接片配合并由接片固定住,锁定部件20b与联锁槽配合并由联锁槽固定住。可以将导体路径28,优选是光纤电缆适应于光学元件32及一个个引导路径30,优选是一根根光纤在输入端11进入装置。装置具有几个引导孔洞27用来将装置固定在基板上。引导孔洞起到与安装孔眼26类似的作用。光纤最终位于通道的至少一部分中,通过通道的布局在所需路径上管理光纤、确定光纤路径。光纤被分配到各种接片上,并由设置16固定住。图2a所示是一个特定设置16a的放大图,通常是一种用来固定一个导体路径30的钩子部件。每个接片具有末端,末端有个槽子18,槽子18上安装有光学装置34。一个优选的实施方式中,光纤延伸不超过接片,而是在光学元件处终止。图2b显示了8根光纤30在通道内的放置图,放置时分成两排,每排有四根光纤。
图3所示是固定住导体的另一个实施方式。导体30通过指状部件16b固定住。本领域的技术人员可以认为,可以采用其他结构来机械地固定住导体。然而,优选设计此固定装置使其便于生产、易于与导体一起使用、能固定住导体,并且有需要的话,例如当安装在装置上的导体要求修理或者调整时,光纤可以移动,例如滑动。
图4显示了本发明的另一个实施方式。装置2类似于图1的装置1,但还有个从中心体12延伸出来的再终止环36。在再终止环36上形成了锁定部件20b、联锁槽24以及折叠部分22。
图5显示了装置200的示意图,此装置由图4中装置装配好得到。与图2中的装置100类似,通过沿折叠部分(不再显示)将中心体折叠在装置内形成一个通道,此时锁定部件20a与许多接片配合并由接片固定住,锁定部件20b与联锁槽配合由被联锁槽固定住。也装配了再终止环36。4个导体30,优选是光纤,该光纤采取短路径36a,而其他4个导体采取长路径36b。如有需要的话,所有这些导体都可以采取长路径。再终止环的一个优点在于,导体采取长路径时,它具有多余的长度,这样如果需要进行要求多余长度的修理或者调整的话,光纤或导线能从长路径移动至短路径。因为装置中不使用胶粘剂来管理光纤及确定光纤路径,因此如有需要,光纤能自由移动,而一旦安装好后在所需用途中又能保持固定不动。
本发明的另一个实施方式具有含输入端的中心体。从中心体上延伸出来许多主接片。从主接片上延伸出来许多从属接片。比喻来说,这个特定的实施方式看似具有多个树枝的树。每个主接片或者从属接片,其末端上具有能保留光学设备的部件。也有可能有些主接片及有些从属接片不具有这种部件。
在整个中心体和/或主接片和/或从属接片上,有许多折叠槽、许多锁定部件、许多联锁槽。使用时,一般沿这许多折叠槽将装置折叠,形成沿中心体的通道,此时锁定部件就与联锁槽配合。导体在中心体输入端进入装置,位于通道的至少一部分中,分配于各个接片上,并终止于光学装置。如有需要,这种特定的实施方式可能含有再终止环。
安装有导体及元件的本发明装置能相互堆叠。由于具有柔性性,可以将装置抬升离开平面,在合适的位置与PCB的水平面平行,使PCB上的电子元件空气冷却。
另一个实施方式中,装置进一步包括起到在一特定区域从PCB表面提升装置作用的提升部件,例如小的支柱和凹陷,从而可以使可能在装置下面的电子元件冷却。这些部件可以位于装置上任何部位,例如沿中心体及沿接片的部位。
如图2及图5所示,可以将光学元件连接到装置上。这些元件可以连接到下列位置的至少一个位置:中心体的输入端及接片的末端。优选此接片的末端能做成能连接光学元件。在优选实施方式中,在接片的末端制出一些槽子有快速简便地安装光学元件。同时,光纤的末端能方便地插入并取出光学元件。本领域的技术人员会理解,可以采用其他结构来连接光学元件。
有用的光学元件,包括但不限于单向光纤连接器、双向光纤连接器、并联光纤连接器、单向熔融薄片、并联熔融薄片、机械胶接薄片、单向V型凹槽(聚合物、陶瓷、二氧化硅或硅)、阵列V型凹槽、接受器、分叉块、转移块以及它们的组合。
如上所述,光纤是优选的导体。可用于的光纤有几种类型。优选光纤是缓冲光纤。术语“缓冲”是指光纤带有外保护涂层或者包层来使机械破坏降至最低。缓冲光纤的直径在250至900微米之间。也能使用嘎直径更小或更大的缓冲光纤。
如附图例如图1至图4所示,本发明装置具有曲率。本发明的技术人员应该认识,设计装置时,光纤有个最小的安全弯曲半径。对于250微米缓冲的光纤,最小安全弯曲半径一般约为1英寸(25.4mm)。对于特殊光纤,弯曲半径可能更小。
制造方法
本发明装置的一个优点就是它容易制造及装配。优选的一个制造方法中,设计者采用计算机辅助设计(CAD)软件得到装置的设计图。设计图作为CAD数据存在计算机文件中。计算机文件与翻译数据的计算机控制的制造机器连接。一个说明性例子中,该机器是图案切割机器,如激光切割机。将一片基板或者相互堆叠的多片基板输入机器,从柔性基板上切割出具有所有各种不同部件的所需图案。对于连续过程,柔性基板可以以卷的形式提供。使用激光切割机时,激光的类型取决于柔性基板。对于优选的上面列出的聚合物材料,可以使用CO2激光。
切割好后,可以使用机器或者用手,能很容易地以机械方式装配装置。例如,可以将光纤放在中心体上,并穿过接片上的固定部件。接着可以将装置沿折叠部分折叠以便固定光纤。接着安装光学连接器。最后可以将装配好的装置安装到PCB上。
Claims (24)
1.一种互连装置,包括导体及柔性基板,该柔性基板具有:
(a)中心体,具有至少一个导体进入的输入端;
(b)从中心体延伸的许多主接片,每个接片上具有至少一个固定住导体的装置;
(c)沿许多折叠槽将装置折叠形成一个通道,以使许多锁定部件与许多联锁槽及主接片配合,导体位于通道至少一部分的内部;
其特征在于,此装置不需要使用胶粘剂就能分配导体、确定导体路线,并操纵导体。
2.如权利要求1所述的互连装置,其特征在于,导体是光纤。
3.如权利要求2所述的互连装置,其特征在于,所述装置进一步具有许多从许多主接片上延伸的从属接片。
4.如权利要求3所述的互连装置,其特征在于,许多主接片中至少有一个主接片或者许多从属接片中至少有一个从属接片,在其末端具有至少一个槽子。
5.如权利要求4所述的互连装置,其特征在于,所述装置在主接片的至少一个末端、从属接片的至少一个末端或者是中心体的输入端,进一步连接有光学装置。
6.如权利要求5所述的互连装置,其特征在于,光学装置选自单向光纤连接器、双向光纤连接器、并联光纤连接器、单向熔融薄片、并联熔融薄片、机械胶接薄片、单向V型凹槽、阵列V型凹槽、接受器、分叉块、转移块以及它们的组合。
7.如权利要求2所述的互连装置,其特征在于,柔性基板选自KYNAR,TEFLON,TEDLAR,KAPTTON,MYLAR以及LEXAN。
8.如权利要求2所述的互连装置,其特征在于,柔性基板的防火级别为UL94V-0。
9.如权利要求2所述的互连装置,其特征在于,所述装置进一步包括从中心体、许多主接片或者许多从属接片中的至少一个延伸的再终止环。
10.光纤用的装置,包括柔性基板,柔性基板具有:
(a)具有输入端的中心体;
(b)从中心体的一部分延伸的许多接片,每个接片具有至少一个固定住光纤的装置;
(c)许多从中心体的第二部分延伸出来的许多锁定部件;
(d)位于中心体上的许多折叠部分;
其特征在于,此装置不需要使用胶粘剂就能分配光纤,确定光纤路线并操纵光纤。
11.如权利要求10所述的装置,其特征在于,柔性基板的防火级别为UL 94V-0。
12.如权利要求10所述的装置,其特征在于,柔性基板选自KYNAR,TEFLON,TEDLAR,KAPTION以及MYLAR。
13.如权利要求10所述的装置,其特征在于,每个接片具有含至少一个槽子的末端。
14.如权利要求13所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置进一步包括连接到中心体输入端及接片末端至少一端的光学装置。
15.如权利要求14所述的互连装置,其特征在于,光学装置选自单向光纤连接器、双向光纤连接器、并联光纤连接器、单向熔融薄片、并联熔融薄片、机械胶接薄片、单向V型凹槽、阵列V型凹槽、接受器、分叉块、转移块以及它们的组合。
16.如权利要求10所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置进一步具有位于至少一个中心体或者许多接片上的安装孔眼。
17.如权利要求10所述的装置,其特征在于,许多接片交错地具有第一长度及第二长度。
18.如权利要求10所述的装置,其特征在于,折叠部分是平行于中心体长度方向的槽子。
19.如权利要求18所述的装置,其特征在于,折叠部分的槽子具有圆端。
20.如权利要求10所述的装置,其特征在于,许多接片的间隔能够固定住锁定部件,中心体进一步具有许多联锁槽以便固定住锁定功部件。
21.如权利要求20所述的装置,其特征在于,具有由中心体沿许多折叠部分折叠形成的通道,这样许多锁定部件就能与许多接片及联锁槽配合。
22.如权利要求21所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置进一步含有位于通道至少一部分及接片的固定部件中的许多光纤,其中光纤从中心体的输入端进入装置,从接片的末端离开装置。
23.如权利要求22所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置进一步具有从中心体的第三部分延伸的再终止环。
24.如权利要求12所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置进一步具有位于中心体或许多接片的至少一个上的提高部件。
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- 2003-02-20 JP JP2003584796A patent/JP4199675B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-02-20 EP EP03713553A patent/EP1495353B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-02-20 WO PCT/US2003/005074 patent/WO2003087913A1/en active IP Right Grant
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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AU2003217597A1 (en) | 2003-10-27 |
US6688776B2 (en) | 2004-02-10 |
JP4199675B2 (ja) | 2008-12-17 |
ATE381721T1 (de) | 2008-01-15 |
DE60318190D1 (de) | 2008-01-31 |
EP1495353A1 (en) | 2005-01-12 |
DE60318190T2 (de) | 2008-12-04 |
WO2003087913A1 (en) | 2003-10-23 |
JP2005522975A (ja) | 2005-07-28 |
EP1495353B1 (en) | 2007-12-19 |
US20030194187A1 (en) | 2003-10-16 |
CN100380151C (zh) | 2008-04-09 |
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