CN1640248A - Phoshporic mixed salt aquatic culture retrient liquid ard its production method - Google Patents
Phoshporic mixed salt aquatic culture retrient liquid ard its production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1640248A CN1640248A CNA2004100815827A CN200410081582A CN1640248A CN 1640248 A CN1640248 A CN 1640248A CN A2004100815827 A CNA2004100815827 A CN A2004100815827A CN 200410081582 A CN200410081582 A CN 200410081582A CN 1640248 A CN1640248 A CN 1640248A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a phosphatic double salt aquiculture nutrient liquor. Its composition includes (by weight portion) 1000 portions of water, 80-340 portions of phosphatic double salt (aqueous agent), 35-150 portions of liquid sodium silicate (containing 24.6% of SiO2), 620-1800 portions of urea (containing 46.3% of N), 65-270 portions of potassium chloride (containing 57% of K2O) and 8-40 portions of ferrous sulfate (containing 19% of Fe2SO4). Said invented nutrient liquor is colourless transparent, after it is applied, it can be quickly and completely absorbed and utilized by plankton.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to an inorganic fertilizer, in particular to a phosphate double salt aquaculture nutrient solution (Zhou's aquaculture nutrient solution) and a production method thereof.
Background art:
since the eighties,with the continuous improvement and large-area popularization and use of the fertilization fish culture technology, the yield of aquatic products in China is increased gradually at a speed of 12% every year, and the total quantity of the aquatic products in China reaches more than 7000 ten thousand tons by the end of 2003, which undoubtedly plays an immeasurable role in the development of aquatic product industry in China and the joy of the nation. However, conventional fertilizing, fish-farming and water-supplying resources, ecological environment, sustainable development of fishery and the like also have hidden troubles buried deeply. Particularly, in the process of culturing freshwater aquatic products in China in recent years, some people are disorderly thrown and abused into water bodies for pursuing temporary economic benefits at the cost of sacrificing ecological environmentThe inorganic fertilizer with high residue and high pollution and the organic fertilizer of human, livestock and poultry excrement which is not decomposed lead to that most of water bodies in inland of China are polluted with different degrees, and the eutrophication of the water bodies is becoming more and more serious. The fish carrying capacity of the existing lakes and large, medium and small reservoirs in China is generally reduced, the fish yield is reduced year by year, and the fresh water resources which are seriously lacked in China are frosted on snow due to eutrophication of water bodies. For example: in 2000, in 56 water quality monitoring sections of the sea river basin, the section of the inferior V-class water quality accounts for 60.7 percent; in 16 water quality monitoring sections of the Liaohe river basin, the inferior V-class water quality accounts for 62.4 percent. 51 reservoirs which are fertilized and cultured with fish are monitored, and the water quality of the inferior V class accounts for 47.8 percent. The reason is as follows: firstly, conventional inorganic fertilizer fish culture generally adopts the fertilization mode of using ordinary calcium as phosphorus element, namely: common calcium added with ammonium bicarbonate, common calcium added with ammonium sulfate, common calcium added with urea, etc. Except for high content of effective components of ammonium phosphate and urea and high solubility, other inorganic fertilizers belong to low-content and low-solubility solid fertilizers, once the fertilizers are directly put into water, the effective components of the fertilizers areIs difficult to dissolve in water in a short time (particularly in early spring and early winter), and as the residues deposit on the water bottom, the residues are stirred with the bottom sludge and undergo a series of chemical reactions to generate tricalcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite and fluorapatite which are insoluble in water. And carbon dioxide is continuously released in the reaction process, and is dissolved in water to promote the pH value of the water to be reduced, so that the water quality is acidified. Meanwhile, during the production of calcium superphosphate, most of the used powdered rock phosphate is rich in black mineral substances, the mineral substances and sulfuric acid react to generate black substances which are quickly dissolved in water, and once the black substances enter a water body, the water quality is blackened, so that the direct irradiation and scattering capacity of light is blocked, and the photosynthesis capacity is greatly reduced. In a water body with low pH value and poor photosynthesis, the growth and the propagation of plankton, particularly phytoplankton, are severely restricted, once the growth and the propagation of the phytoplankton are restricted, free carbon dioxide in the water body cannot be fully absorbed, fresh dissolved oxygen is released, and the dissolved oxygen in the whole water body is low and too low, so that the fish carrying capacity of the water body and the fish yield of the year are influenced. Second, the random projectionAnd throwing organic fertilizerto human, animal and poultry. After being thrown into water, the organic fertilizer is deposited to the bottom together with excrement, animal and plant dead body and decomposed into hydrogen sulfide (H) via anaerobic decomposition of anaerobic bacteria2S), nonionic ammonium (NH)3) Methane (CH)4) And the like, which have toxic action and adverse effect on fish and biological baits. On the other hand, the organic acid can promote the pH value of the water body to be reduced and the water quality to be acidified, thereby inhibiting the growth and reproduction of plankton, causing the fish to lack the bait and stop or slow down the growth. Meanwhile, the slightly acidic water body is the best environment for the growth and the propagation of various pathogenic bacteria, and pathogenic bacteria grow and propagate to infect fishes in large quantities, so that the fishes are promoted to have epidemic and fulminant diseases in a large area. Thirdly, after a large amount of organic fertilizers are put into the water body, more than 90 percent of residues, excrement, dead animal and plant corpses far exceed the self-cleaning capacity of the water body, so that a large amount of substances are accumulated in a reduction layer and cannot be decomposed and converted into beneficial substances in time, the substances can damage the substance circulation and energy flow in the water body, and the normal growth of fishes is hindered by light persons, the yield is reduced, and the heavy persons areThe water quality of the water body is damaged and loses the utilization value, so that the fishery production cannot be continued, and the water body cannot be used for farmland irrigation, so that the whole water body is comprehensively wasted, even the downstream water system is affected, and the ecological balance of the whole water system is damaged.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides the phosphate double-salt aquaculture nutrient solution (Zhou's aquaculture nutrient solution) and the production method thereof, wherein the phosphate double-salt aquaculture nutrient solution has the advantages of scientific formula, complete nutrients, rapid action, complete absorption, labor and force saving, convenient use, no toxic or side residue and no environmental pollution. The nutrient solution comprises the following specific components in parts by weight:
water 1000
80-340 parts of double salt (aqueous solution) of phosphoric acid
Liquid sodium silicate (containing SiO)224.6％) 35-150
Urea (N46.3%) 620-1800
Potassium chloride (containing K)2O57％) 65-270
Ferrous sulfate (containing Fe)2SO419％) 8-40
The specific production method comprises the following steps:
weighing water, placing in a stirrer, sequentially adding sodium silicate, double salt phosphate, potassium chloride, ferrous sulfate and urea during stirring (every 5 minutes), and stirring until the urea is completely dissolved to obtain double salt phosphate aquaculture nutrient solution (Zhou's aquaculture nutrient solution).
The phosphate double salt comprises the following specific components in parts by weight:
phosphoric acid (85% for industrial use) 1000
Lime milk (containing Cao 50%) 110-
Magnesium oxide (containing Mgo 90%) 20-80
Sodium carbonate (98.5%) 20-100
The manufacturing method comprisesthe following steps:
1. preparing lime milk: weighing equal weight of calcium oxide powder (sieved by a sieve of 150-200 meshes) and water, putting the calcium oxide powder and the water into an emulsification tank, uniformly stirring, and standing for 24 hours to obtain lime milk for later use;
2. phosphoric acid neutralization method: the phosphoric acid is used for neutralization reaction with lime cream, magnesium oxide and sodium carbonate to generate calcium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium and sodium phosphate composite salt. The process flow is as follows:
firstly, lime cream is added into an interlayer reaction kettle, stirring is carried out for 5 minutes to further emulsify the lime cream into thin paste, circulating cooling water is introduced, phosphoric acid is slowly added in the reaction kettle during continuous stirring to react with the lime cream for 20 minutes to generate tricalcium phosphate and water, and the reaction formula is as follows:
and when the reaction temperature is cooled to below 40 ℃ while continuously stirring, adding the rest phosphoric acid for the second time to perform acid dissolution reaction for 15 minutes to generate calcium dihydrogen phosphate, wherein the reaction formula is as follows:
slowly adding magnesium oxide and the rest phosphoric acid to react for 15 minutes while continuously stirring to generate magnesium dihydrogen phosphate, wherein the reaction formula is as follows:
slowly adding sodium carbonate and free phosphoricacid to perform a neutralization reaction when the temperature is cooled to be below 40 ℃ while continuously stirring, wherein the free phosphoric acid and the sodium carbonate generate sodium dihydrogen phosphate, the final pH value is controlled to be 4.2-4.6, and the reaction formula is as follows:
and continuously stirring for 15 minutes to obtain the calcium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium and sodium composite salt for later use.
When the phosphate double-salt aquaculture nutrient solution (Zhou's aquaculture nutrient solution) is used, the water area (square meter) is multiplied by the actual water depth (meter), and the water depth is calculated according to 8 meters when the water depth is more than 8 meters. The volume (cubic meter) is divided by 1000 cubic meters to obtain the usage amount of each time. The application is carried out once every 5-7 days in 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 months every year, once every 10 days in 4 and 11 months, once every 10 days in 3 and 12 months, and the application is stopped in the wintering period (winter solstice-rainwater). When the adult fish is used, the liquid is mixed according to the proportion of 1: 2, the water is added to the fry according to the proportion of 1: 10, and the mixture is uniformly sprinkled or sprayed.
According to the technical scheme, the phosphate double-salt aquaculture nutrient solution (Zhou's aquaculture nutrient solution) is liquid, is colorless and transparent, does not influence the photosynthesis of a water body, contains all the nutrients of fully soluble ions and amide inorganic nutrient salt, and has extremely strong diffusion. After the nutrient solution is applied, the solubility is not influenced by natural factors, and the nutrient solution can be rapidly and uniformly dispersed in the middle and upper layers of the water body by slight vibration, so that the concentration of the nutrient salt in the water body is consistent. As long as the secondary application amount is accurate and the secondary application amount is applied in time, the growth amount of plankton in the water body can be kept at a higher level for a long time, so that the aquatic products are evenly full of food in the growth period, and the aquatic products are promoted to grow rapidly. Since plankton is the material basis for fish, shrimp, crab, and shellfish to live, it includes unicellular algae and many small plankton or benthonic animals, which are low-grade organisms in the food chain of aquatic organisms and are the best food for humans to eat aquatic animals. Although many kinds of artificial compound feeds have been developed with the progress of science and technology, none of them can be said to be comparable to biological feeds. During the growth and propagation process of natural biological feed, the natural biological feed also needs to continuously absorb substances from the outside and utilize the substances to obtain energy and synthesize the substances of cells, the process is called biological feed nutrition, and the absorbed and utilized substances are called the nutrient substances of the biological feed. The nutrient substances are the material basis of the life activities of the biological bait, and the life can not exist without the basis. The biological bait needs different nutrients, but mainly depends on the nutrients such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen substances and mineral substances. The nutrient solution contains main nutrient components such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like, and also contains trace elements such as magnesium, calcium, sodium, silicon, iron and the like, so that nutrient substances required by biological growth can be fully ensured. Meanwhile, the nutrient solution is nontoxic, harmless and residue-free, and can be quickly, cleanly and thoroughly absorbed and utilized by plankton after being applied, so that the nutrient solution does not pollute water. The dissolved oxygen content in the water body is high, so that a benign ecological food chain and a food net are formed, water resources and water environment are protected, and the fish carrying capacity of the water body can be kept at a higher level for a long time. The invention completely achieves the purposes of scientific formula, complete nutrients, complete absorption, labor saving, convenient use, no toxic or side residue and no environmental pollution.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
example 1, a phosphate double salt aquaculture nutrient solution is prepared from the following ingredients in parts by weight:
water 1000
Double salt (aqua) of phosphoric acid 168
Liquid sodium silicate (containing SiO)224.6％) 75
Urea (N46.3%) 1250
Potassium chloride (containing K)2O57％) 135
Ferrous sulfate (containing Fe)2SO419％) 18
The specific production method comprises the following steps:
weighing water, placing in a stirrer, sequentially adding sodium silicate, double salt phosphate, potassium chloride, ferrous sulfate and urea during stirring (every 5 minutes), and stirring until the urea is completely dissolved to obtain double salt phosphate aquaculture nutrient solution (Zhou's aquaculture nutrient solution).
The phosphate double salt comprises the following components in parts by weight:
phosphoric acid (85% for industrial use) 1000
Lime milk (Cao 50% content) 234
Magnesium oxide (containing Mgo 90%) 39
Sodium carbonate (98.5%) 47
The manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
1. preparing lime milk: weighing equal weight of calcium oxide powder (sieved by a sieve of 150-200 meshes) and water, putting the calcium oxide powder and the water into an emulsification tank, uniformly stirring, and standing for 24 hours to obtain lime milk for later use;
2. phosphoric acid neutralization method: the phosphoric acid is used for neutralization reaction with lime cream, magnesium oxide and sodium carbonate to generate calcium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium and sodium phosphate composite salt.
Firstly, lime cream is added into an interlayer reaction kettle, stirring is carried out for 5 minutes to further emulsify the lime cream into thin paste, circulating cooling water is introduced, phosphoric acid is slowly added in the reaction kettle during continuous stirring to react with the lime cream for 20 minutes to generate tricalcium phosphate and water, and the reaction formula is as follows:
and when the reaction temperature is cooled to below 40 ℃ while continuously stirring, adding the rest phosphoric acid for the second time to perform acid dissolution reaction for 15 minutes togenerate calcium dihydrogen phosphate, wherein the reaction formula is as follows:
Ca3
slowly adding magnesium oxide and the rest phosphoric acid to react for 15 minutes while continuously stirring to generate magnesium dihydrogen phosphate, wherein the reaction formula is as follows:
slowly adding sodium carbonate and free phosphoric acid to perform a neutralization reaction when the temperature is cooled to be below 40 ℃ while continuously stirring, wherein the free phosphoric acid and the sodium carbonate generate sodium dihydrogen phosphate, the final pH value is controlled to be 4.2-4.6, and the reaction formula is as follows:
and continuously stirring for 15 minutes to obtain the calcium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium and sodium composite salt for later use.
Example 2, a phosphate double salt aquaculture nutrient solution is prepared from the following ingredients in parts by weight:
water 1000
Double salt of phosphoric acid (aqueous solution) 80
Liquid sodium silicate (containing SiO)224.6％) 35
Urea (N46.3%) 620
Potassium chloride (containing K)2O57％) 65
Ferrous sulfate (containing Fe)2SO419％ 8
The production method and the preparation method of the double phosphate are the same as those of example 1.
Example 3, a double-salt phosphate aquaculture nutrient solution is prepared from the following ingredients in parts by weight:
water 1000
Double salt of phosphoric acid (aqueous solution) 340
Liquid sodium silicate (containing SiO)224.6％) 150
Urea (N46.3%) 1800
Potassium chloride (containing K)2O57％) 270
Ferrous sulfate (containing Fe)2SO419％) 40
The production method and the preparation method of the double phosphate are the same as those of example 1.
Example 4, a double-salt phosphate aquaculture nutrient solution is prepared from the following ingredients in parts by weight:
water 1000
Double salt of phosphoric acid (aqueous solution) 250
Liquid sodium silicate (containing SiO)224.6％) 110
Urea (N46.3%) 1400
Potassium chloride (containing K)2O57％) 200
Ferrous sulfate (containing Fe)2SO419％) 30
The production method and the preparation method of the double phosphate are the same as those of example 1.
Example 5, a double-salt phosphate aquaculture nutrient solution is prepared from the following ingredients in parts by weight:
water 1000
Double salt of phosphoric acid (aqueous solution) 120
Liquid sodium silicate (containing SiO)224.6％) 60
Urea (N46.3%) 800
Potassium chloride (containing K)2O57％) 120
Ferrous sulfate (containing Fe)2SO419％) 15
The production method and the preparation method of the double phosphate are the same as those of example 1.
Claims (4)
1. A phosphate double-salt aquaculture nutrient solution is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
water 1000
80-340 parts of double salt (aqueous solution) of phosphoric acid
Liquid sodium silicate (containing SiO)224.6％) 35-150
Urea (N46.3%) 620-1800
Potassium chloride (containing K)2O57％) 65-270
Ferrous sulfate (containing Fe)2SO419％) 8-40
2. The method for producing the nutrient solution for the aquaculture of the double phosphate salt of the claim 1, which is characterized in that: weighing water, placing in a stirrer, sequentially adding sodium silicate, double-salt phosphate, potassium chloride, ferrous sulfate and urea during stirring (every 5 minutes), and stirring until the urea is completely dissolved to obtain the double-salt phosphate aquaculture nutrient solution.
3. The nutrient solution of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the phosphate double salt comprises the following components in parts by weight:
phosphoric acid (85% for industrial use) 1000
Lime milk (containing Cao 50%) 110-
Magnesium oxide (containing Mgo 90%) 20-80
Sodium carbonate (98.5%) 20-100
4. The method for producing a nutrient solution for double-phosphate aquaculture according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the preparation method of the phosphate double salt comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing lime milk: weighing equal weight of calcium oxide powder (sieved by a sieve of 150-;
(2) phosphoric acid neutralization method: the phosphoric acid is used for neutralization reaction with lime cream, magnesium oxide and sodium carbonate to generate calcium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium and sodium phosphate composite salt. The process flow is as follows:
firstly, lime cream is added into an interlayer reaction kettle, stirring is carried out for 5 minutes to further emulsify the lime cream into thin paste, circulating cooling water is introduced, phosphoric acid is slowly added in the reaction kettle during continuous stirring to react with the lime cream for 20 minutes to generate tricalcium phosphate and water, and the reaction formula is as follows:
and when the reaction temperature is cooled to below 40 ℃ while continuously stirring, adding the rest phosphoric acid for the second time to perform acid dissolution reaction for 15 minutes to generate calcium dihydrogen phosphate, wherein the reaction formula is as follows:
slowly adding magnesium oxide and the rest phosphoric acid to react for 15 minutes while continuously stirring to generate magnesium dihydrogen phosphate, wherein the reaction formula is as follows:
slowly adding sodium carbonate and free phosphoric acid to perform a neutralization reaction when the temperature is cooled to be below 40 ℃ while continuously stirring, wherein the free phosphoric acid and the sodium carbonate generate sodium dihydrogen phosphate, the final pH value is controlled to be 4.2-4.6, and the reaction formula is as follows:
and continuously stirring for 15 minutes to obtain the calcium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium and sodium composite salt.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101891517A (en) * | 2010-06-21 | 2010-11-24 | 周钢宽 | Water quality nutrient balancing agent |
| CN103284020A (en) * | 2013-07-09 | 2013-09-11 | 何雨豪 | Restrictive trophic factor and aquaculture method used for aquaculture baits |
| CN103918586A (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2014-07-16 | 北海正渔生物技术有限公司 | Preparation method of sea complete nutrient salt for shrimp and crab breeding and testing standards thereof |
| CN104431313A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-03-25 | 深圳前海万物生生物科技控股有限公司 | Pond culture nutrient solution and using method thereof |
| CN105981749A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-10-05 | 湖北隶德生物工程有限公司 | Medicament for rapidly removing rotifers in culture water body |
| CN109845922A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-06-07 | 烟台沃斯生物技术有限公司 | A kind of aquatic feeds and its preparation and application |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1027442C (en) * | 1993-11-22 | 1995-01-18 | 刘成才 | Long-lasting complete-nutrition composite fertilizer |
| CN1112100A (en) * | 1994-05-20 | 1995-11-22 | 云南省玉溪地区农业科学研究所 | Special chemical fertilizer for rice |
| CN1225352A (en) * | 1998-12-31 | 1999-08-11 | 陈胜钧 | Long lasting full elements composite fertilizer |
| CN1410395A (en) * | 2001-11-09 | 2003-04-16 | 孙国庆 | Liquid agent multielement fertilizer and its production method |
-
2004
- 2004-12-22 CN CNB2004100815827A patent/CN100372460C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101891517A (en) * | 2010-06-21 | 2010-11-24 | 周钢宽 | Water quality nutrient balancing agent |
| CN103284020A (en) * | 2013-07-09 | 2013-09-11 | 何雨豪 | Restrictive trophic factor and aquaculture method used for aquaculture baits |
| CN103918586A (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2014-07-16 | 北海正渔生物技术有限公司 | Preparation method of sea complete nutrient salt for shrimp and crab breeding and testing standards thereof |
| CN103918586B (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2016-02-17 | 北海正渔生物技术有限公司 | The preparation method of one seed shrimp crab using sea area for aquatic breeding ocean full nutrition salt |
| CN104431313A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-03-25 | 深圳前海万物生生物科技控股有限公司 | Pond culture nutrient solution and using method thereof |
| CN105981749A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-10-05 | 湖北隶德生物工程有限公司 | Medicament for rapidly removing rotifers in culture water body |
| CN109845922A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-06-07 | 烟台沃斯生物技术有限公司 | A kind of aquatic feeds and its preparation and application |
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| CN100372460C (en) | 2008-03-05 |
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