CN1612827A - 由一个填充可倒出的食品的薄片包装材料管生产密封包装的形成设备 - Google Patents

由一个填充可倒出的食品的薄片包装材料管生产密封包装的形成设备 Download PDF

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CN1612827A
CN1612827A CNA028269209A CN02826920A CN1612827A CN 1612827 A CN1612827 A CN 1612827A CN A028269209 A CNA028269209 A CN A028269209A CN 02826920 A CN02826920 A CN 02826920A CN 1612827 A CN1612827 A CN 1612827A
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holder
pipe
equipment
packing
relevant
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CN100379651C (zh
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D·萨巴迪尼
D·博尔吉
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Tetra Laval Holdings and Finance SA
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Tetra Laval Holdings and Finance SA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00—Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/10—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
    • B65B51/26—Devices specially adapted for producing transverse or longitudinal seams in webs or tubes
    • B65B51/30—Devices, e.g. jaws, for applying pressure and heat, e.g. for subdividing filled tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B9/00—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, e.g. liquids or semiliquids, in flat, folded, or tubular webs of flexible sheet material; Subdividing filled flexible tubes to form packages
    • B65B9/10—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs
    • B65B9/20—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs the webs being formed into tubes in situ around the filling nozzles
    • B65B9/2042—Means for altering the cross-section of the tube filling opening prior to transversal sealing, e.g. tube spreading devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/36—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction
    • B29C65/3604—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3656—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint being a layer of a multilayer part to be joined, e.g. for joining plastic-metal laminates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/36—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction
    • B29C65/3672—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the composition of the elements heated by induction which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3676—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the composition of the elements heated by induction which remain in the joint being metallic
    • B29C65/368—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the composition of the elements heated by induction which remain in the joint being metallic with a polymer coating
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7802—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/431—Joining the articles to themselves
    • B29C66/4312—Joining the articles to themselves for making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles, e.g. transversal seams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72321—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72327—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of natural products or their composites, not provided for in B29C66/72321 - B29C66/72324
    • B29C66/72328—Paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7234—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a barrier layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8145—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81457—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps comprising a block or layer of deformable material, e.g. sponge, foam, rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8351—Jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders, drums, bands, belts or chains; Flying jaws
    • B29C66/83541—Jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders, drums, bands, belts or chains; Flying jaws flying jaws, e.g. jaws mounted on crank mechanisms or following a hand over hand movement
    • B29C66/83543—Jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders, drums, bands, belts or chains; Flying jaws flying jaws, e.g. jaws mounted on crank mechanisms or following a hand over hand movement cooperating flying jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/84—Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B41/00—Supplying or feeding container-forming sheets or wrapping material
    • B65B41/18—Registering sheets, blanks, or webs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C2795/00—Printing on articles made from plastics or substances in a plastic state
    • B29C2795/002—Printing on articles made from plastics or substances in a plastic state before shaping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/816—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
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    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
    • B29L2031/7162—Boxes, cartons, cases
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    • B65B9/00—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, e.g. liquids or semiliquids, in flat, folded, or tubular webs of flexible sheet material; Subdividing filled flexible tubes to form packages
    • B65B9/10—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs
    • B65B9/20—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs the webs being formed into tubes in situ around the filling nozzles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Containers And Plastic Fillers For Packaging (AREA)
  • Package Closures (AREA)

Abstract

一种由一个薄片包装材料制成的管(3)生产密封包装(2)的形成设备(1)，该管被沿着一条进给路径(A)供给并填充可倒出的食品，该设备(1)具有夹持装置(6，6’)，夹持装置(6，6’)循环作用于该管(3)以等间隔的横截面夹持和密封该管，该横截面确定该包装(2)的相对的密封带(15)；与该管(3)相互作用并可移动地配装到该夹持装置(6，6’)上的相互作用装置(23；16)；和用于操作该相互作用装置(23；16)的致动装置(27；40)，该装置完全被安装在夹持装置(6，6’)上。

Description

由一个填充可倒出的食品的薄片包装材料 管生产密封包装的形成设备
技术领域
本发明涉及一种由一个填充可倒出的食品的薄片包装材料制成的管生产密封包装的形成设备。
背景技术
如所知的，许多可倒出的食品都是被放入包装中出售，包装由消过毒的薄片包装材料制成，这些食品例如是果汁、巴氏杀菌牛奶或UHT(超高温处理)牛奶、葡萄酒、番茄酱等等。
这种包装的一个典型例子是用于液体或通称为Tetra BrikAseptic(注册的商标)的可倒出食品的平行六面体形的包装，该包装通过折叠或密封一个层压的包装材料幅板(或幅面料)而形成。
包装材料具有多层结构，该结构包括一层纸材料，该纸材料两侧用热封塑性材料层覆盖，例如聚乙烯；和，就用于长期储存产品例如UHT牛奶的无菌包装来说，包装材料还包括一层例如由一个铝片确定的氧阻隔材料，该氧阻隔材料叠置在热封塑性材料层上，并且又用另一层热封塑性材料覆盖，该层热封塑性材料最终确定了包装与食品接触的内表面。
如已知的，这种包装在全自动包装机上形成，在包装机上，连续的管由供给的包装材料幅板形成。更具体地，包装材料幅板从一个卷筒上退绕并通过包装机上的一个无菌室，在该无菌室中例如通过应用一种化学消毒剂进行消毒，譬如过氧化氢，稍后通过加热和/或使包装材料经受合适波长和强度的辐射而使该消毒剂蒸发；经如此消毒的幅板被保持在封闭的无菌环境中，并以公知的方式纵向折叠和密封成圆柱形以形成一个连续的管。
包装材料的管在垂直方向上被连续供给，填充消过毒的或经过无菌处理的食品，并且通过一个用来形成单独包装的形成设备，该包装材料的管换句话说形成了无菌室的延伸。
形成设备包括两对在包装材料的管上循环和连续地起作用的夹持件，以沿着等距的横截面夹持和热封该包装材料的管，因而通过相应的横向密封带形成彼此相连的连续的枕状包装带，横向密封带即垂直于管的行进方向延伸的密封带。通过切断相关的横向密封带使枕状包装分离，然后枕状包装被供应给一个折叠工位，枕状包装在此被机械折叠成最终完成的平行六面体形状。
被夹持在每对夹持件之间的管部分由加热装置进行热封，加热装置由夹持件之一支承，并用来局部熔化牢固地夹持在夹持件之间的两层热封塑性材料。
当热封完成时，一个切断件被致动以沿着横向密封带的中心线切断管，因而将枕状包装从包装材料的管的底端分离，该切断件由夹持件之一支承并与包装材料的管互相作用，因此底端被横向密封，并且夹持件在到达底部死点中心位置时被打开以避免妨碍管的上述部分，同时，另一对以同样方式操作的夹持件从顶部死点中心位置向下移动，重复如上所述的夹持/形成、密封和切断操作。
在已知的形成设备上遭遇到的一个问题关系到所谓的“装饰纠正”系统。
即，在最后形成包装的外表面的部分上，包装材料的幅板通常包括一连串等距的印刷图像或装饰，以致幅板必须以这样一种方式提供给形成设备，即在连续的装饰的情况下，包装的形成、密封和切断与装饰的接续“互相对正地”进行。在实际使用中，由于装饰等距间隔开地印制，所以每个装饰的位置相对于形成设备上的夹持件的位置可能改变，这首先是因为由夹持件施加在包装材料上的机械压力导致的包装材料的不同变形，其次是因为可倒出的食品在包装材料管内的脉动压力。因此需要一个用于纠正装饰的位置的系统，因为在很高输出速度下运行的包装机上，如果没有被实时纠正，即使在装饰位置相对于理论对正位置上的很小的变动也可能随着时间增加，从而导致生产出必须丢弃的不可接受的包装。
在现代的包装机上，这种系统包括一个用来检测每个包装上的条形码位置的光学传感器；和用来将检测到的位置与理论位置比较的控制单元。
在一些市售的机器上，每对夹持件都具有一对用来拉动包装材料管的牵引件，它们在每对夹持件中可移动地配装到夹持件之一上，在枕状包装的顶角和底角形成三角形的凸出部；和，在检测到装饰位置错误时，控制单元调节包装材料幅板的进给马达的速度。如果该纠正不够，那么牵引件被控制稍微增加或减少在包装材料上的拉力。在其它的机器上，控制单元直接对牵引件起作用，而不可能调节包装材料幅板进给马达的速度；并且操作被重复直到装饰的位置与理论位置一致。
最近，已经设想出解决方法，由该方法，通过调节该对作用于管上的夹持件的移动和定时来控制包装材料上的装饰的位置。
例如，如在意大利专利1296062中所述的，通过一个连续线性致动器对牵引件进行操作，例如一个气压缸，该气压缸被安装到形成设备的支撑结构上，由装饰纠正系统的控制单元致动，并通过传动装置连接到牵引件。
更具体地，在所述的情况下，传动装置包括一个致动杆，该致动杆可移动地配装到配备牵引件的夹持件上，在一端配装一个挺杆件，并在相对的一端通过相应的铰接杆连接到牵引件上。挺杆件又被安装成沿着一个凸轮轮廓移动，该凸轮可调节地安装在形成设备的支撑结构上，由一个运动转换组件连接到驱动件，并通过该驱动件可相对于支撑结构移动。
换句话说，牵引件的操作需要极其复杂的、笨重的传动装置来将运动从安装在形成设备的固定部分上的驱动件传递到安装在可移动夹持件上的牵引件，因此包含了形成设备的支撑结构和夹持件上的大量的零部件，因而极大地增加了包装机的总成本，并增加了花费在安装和拆卸形成设备来进行任何保养工作的时间。
已知的形成设备的复杂性由于夹持件而进一步增加，除了牵引件之外，夹持件通常还包括可移动件，例如所谓的“体积盒”，它们配合确定所形成的枕状包装的体积和形状，并且它们需要专用的致动装置。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种由一个填充可倒出的食品的薄片包装材料制成的管生产密封包装的形成设备，并设计成消除与前述已知设备通常相关的缺点。
根据本发明，提供有一种由一个薄片包装材料制成的管生产密封包装的形成设备，该管被沿着一条进给路径供给并填充可倒出的食品，所述设备包括夹持装置，夹持装置循环作用于所述管以等间隔的横截面夹持和密封该管，所述横截面确定所述包装的相对的密封带；与所述管相互作用并可移动地配装到所述夹持装置上的相互作用装置；和用于操作所述相互作用装置的致动装置；其特征在于，所述致动装置完全安装在所述夹持装置上。
附图说明
作为例子，将结合附图对本发明的一个优选的、非限制性的实施例进行描述，其中：
图1和2表示一个根据本发明的形成设备的相应的前视图和侧视图，为了清楚的目的而移去了一些部件，该形成设备由一个填充可倒出的食品的薄片包装材料制成的管生产密封包装；
图3表示图1和2中形成设备的一个密封夹持件的分解的后侧面透视图，为了清楚的目的而移去了一些部件；
图4表示图3的夹持件的前侧面透视图；
图5表示图3中夹持件的一个部分的较大比例的后视图；以及
图6表示图3的密封装置的一种变型的后侧面透视图，为了清楚的目的而移去了一些部件。
具体实施方式
图1中的标记1总体上表示一个用来由一个薄片包装材料制成的管3生产密封包装2的形成设备，管3具有一个轴线A，其填充可倒出的食品，并被沿着一个平行于轴线A的垂直路径P供给。
更具体地，管3以公知的方式通过纵向地折叠和密封一个包装材料条带而形成，并从设备1上游用需要进行包装的食品填充。
包装材料条带具有多层结构(未示出)，并方便地包括一层纸材料，该纸材料两侧用热封塑性材料层覆盖，例如聚乙烯。就用于长期储存产品例如UHT牛奶的无菌包装来说，包装材料还包括一层例如由一个铝片确定的氧阻隔材料，该氧阻隔材料叠置在热封塑性材料层上，并且又用另一层热封塑性材料覆盖，该层热封塑性材料最终确定了包装2接触食品的内表面。
在最终确定包装2的外表面的那侧上，包装材料的幅板具有等间隔重复的连续的图形或装饰。
设备1包括一个确定两个垂直导向件5的支撑结构4，两个导向件5相对于设备1的中央纵向垂直平面M对称布置，平面M穿过轴线A，并且两个导向件5的相应的轴线位于设备1的中央横向垂直平面T内，因此轴线A确定了平面M和T的交叉线。
设备1以公知的方式包括两个形成组件6、6’，它们沿着相应的导向件5垂直移动，并交替地与包装材料的管3相互作用以夹持和热封管的横截面。
由于组件6、6’相对于平面M对称，所以仅仅一个(组件6)在图2中被详细地表示并在下面进行描述，组件6、6’的对应部分在图中用同样的附图标记表示。
参考图1和2，组件6基本上包括一个沿着相应的导向件5移动的滑块7；和两个在底部绕着相应的水平轴线B铰接在滑块7上的夹持件8a、8b，水平轴线B平行于平面T并关于平面T对称，以便基本上象书本一样地打开和关闭。
滑块7的往复运动和夹持件8a、8b的打开/关闭运动被若干对垂直的杆(未示出)以公知的方式(未描述)控制，垂直的杆又由旋转的凸轮或伺服马达控制。
更具体地，每个夹持件8a、8b包括一个主控制体10——基本上以适当带有肋状物的四边形的板的形式(图1和2)，该板沿着包含相应的轴线B的夹持件8a、8b的工作面V延伸——主控制体10在其底部附近被铰接到滑块7，并且在与平面V相对的一侧上具有从主体10的一个表面凸出的控制臂11，主控制体10由所述垂直的杆中的一个以公知的方式(未表示)致动。
夹持件8a、8b还包括相应的支承臂12a、12b，支承臂12a、12b固定到相应的主体10的顶端，且在平行于相应的轴线B的方向上和基本上沿着相应的工作面V朝着平面M凸出并超出平面M，从而位于管3的相对侧上。
支承臂12a、12b的凸出部分配备相应的杆状的密封件13a、13b(图2)，密封件13a、13b与管3相互作用并且可以例如由一个电感器和由一个对比垫(或匹配垫)确定，电感器用来在包装材料的铝层中产生电流并因此由于焦耳效应而熔化热塑性层，对比垫提供必需的机械支撑以使对管3的夹持达到所需的压力。
夹持件8a、8b可在一个关闭位置和一个完全打开位置之间移动，相应的密封件13a、13b在关闭位置中夹持管3。
在横向密封步骤，管3被沿着等距的横截面热封以形成相应的密封带15。
在相应的密封件13a、13b上方，夹持件8a、8b的支承臂12a、12b支撑相应的用于控制包装2的体积的所谓“体积盒”，在图6中它被更详细地示出。
盒状件16在底部绕着平行于轴线B的相应的轴线C铰接到相应的夹持件8a、8b的支承臂12a、12b上，并由未示出的已知弹性装置保持在支承臂12a、12b上的预定位置中。
盒状件16具有开口在前方的C形横截面，并且接着由密封件13a、13b进行横向密封，盒状件16彼此相互合作以确定一个给定形状和体积的空腔，该空腔将管3封闭成一个矩形截面的构形。
每个盒状件16包括一个平的后壁17，后壁17面对相应的夹持件8a、8b的支承臂12a、12b并且基本上平行于相关的平面V；和包括两个平的侧壁18，侧壁18从后壁17的两个相对的侧边缘垂直延伸。
该形成步骤产生具有一个主要部分20的枕状包装2，主要部分20与最终包装的形状和体积相同；和产生将主要部分20连接到相应的相邻的密封带15的过渡部分21，过渡部分21在侧向上由基本上成三角形的表面22确定。
如图2、3、4和5中所示，夹持件8a、8b中的一个8a以已知的方式包括两个可移动的牵引件23，可移动的牵引件23用于控制管3通过设备1的纵向进给。
可移动件23关于轴线A对称地位于管3的每一侧上并邻近管3，更具体地，可移动件23包括以轴向固定的旋转方式穿过相应的孔安装的相应的销24，该孔穿过支承臂12a形成并具有垂直于平面V的轴线D、E；和包括相应的由销24偏心支承的凸出部26，凸出部26与管3的包装材料相互作用。
更具体地，凸出部26从销24的相应的前端凸出，该前端面对管3，因此凸出部26在相关的密封件13a的同一侧上并在相关的密封件13a的上方凸出于支承臂12a，并且在它们的凹入部弯曲，凸出部26面朝管3的方向且在截面上逐渐变细。
通过一个致动装置27，可移动件23绕着相应的轴线D、E反向旋转，即以致画出相等的反向角度，因此关于路径P对称地移动凸出部26。致动装置27在形成步骤起作用，以致使凸出部26作用于枕状包装2的过渡部分21的侧面22上，并且在管的进给方向上将变化的拉力施加于管3上，以纠正包装材料上的装饰的位置上的任何误差。
更具体地，致动装置27被一个已知的控制单元控制——由于不构成本发明的部分，所以未示出——该控制单元通过一个或更多的光学传感器检测形成包装2的包装材料上的装饰的实际位置，并将实际位置与理论参考位置进行比较，从而调节由可移动的牵引件23所施加的拉力。作为选择，致动装置27可以在两个预定位置之间操作可移动件23以简单地形成单个的包装2。
根据本发明的重要特征，致动装置27配装到夹持件8a的支承臂12a并完全由其支撑。
更具体地，致动装置27包括一个连续线性致动器28，例如一个气压缸；和包括一个插置在致动器28和可移动件23的销24之间的传动机构29。
致动器28包括一个外壳30，它被固定到夹持件8a的支承臂12a上，邻近主体10，并具有平行于支承臂12a的最大延伸方向的轴线F；和包括一个可移动件31，它配装成在外壳30内轴向上滑动，并且具有一个凸出于外壳30并连接到传动机构29的杆32。
如图3和5中具体所示，传动机构29包括一个具有特定断面形状的杆33，杆33具有一个铰接到杆32的自由端并确定两个固定部分35、36的端部34，用于致动可移动件23的相应的致动臂37、38铰接到固定部分35、36上，并且固定部分35、36配装到相应的销24的后端并从该后端径向凸出。
更具体地，杆33基本上是S形状，沿着平行于平面V的平面延伸，并面对支承臂12a的一侧，该侧与相应的密封件13a凸出的那侧相对。在所示例子中，固定部分35、36中的一个35由杆33的与端部34相对的端部确定，而另一个固定部分36由杆33的中间部分确定。
致动臂37、38与杆33形成不同的角度，以致杆32的线性位移与可移动件23绕着相应的轴线D、E的相对转动对应。
在图6的变型中，除致动装置27之外，每个形成组件6、6’的夹持件8a还支撑一个推动装置40，推动装置40作用于相关的盒状件16以将它夹持抵靠夹持件8b的对应的盒状件16。显然，一个相似的推动装置以完全相同的方式配装在每个形成组件6、6’的夹持件8b上以致动相关的盒状件16。
推动装置40包括一个线性致动器41，例如一个气压缸，它配装到夹持件8a的支承臂12a上并平行于气缸28；和包括一个插置在致动器41和相关的盒状件16的后部之间的肘节状机构42。
更具体地，致动器41包括一个外壳43，它固定到夹持件8a的支承臂12a上，邻近主体10，并具有一个平行于轴线F的轴线G；和包括一个可移动件44，它配装成在外壳43内轴向上滑动，并具有一个凸出子外壳43并被其自由端连接到肘节状机构42的杆45。
肘节状机构42包括两个杆46、48，它们与可移动件44的杆45交叉地延伸，并具有相邻端和相对端，相邻端彼此铰接并铰接到杆45上，相对端分别铰接到相关的盒状件16的后壁17上和支承臂12a上，靠近支承臂12a的面对杆33的一侧。
杆45可在一个对应于从外壳43最大伸出的前方位置和一个对应于从外壳43最小伸出的缩回位置之间移动，在前方位置中，杆45将杆46、48保持为基本上垂直于相关的盒状件16的后壁17，以致在相对的夹持件8b的盒状件16上施加最大的压力。
在实际使用中，每个形成组件6、6’的夹持件8a、8b在组件向下移动时关闭，以便用运动的下方垂直组件夹持管3，该组件的运动速度等于管3的运行速度。更具体地，每个形成组件6、6’的夹持件8a、8b拉到一起以逐渐地使管3变形，并在一个横截面或横向带处将管压平。在该点，密封件13a、13b密封包装材料的两个重叠部分，这两个重叠部分形成被压平的横向带。
一旦热封被完成，夹持件8a和8b的盒状件16就被向前拉到一起以确定一个平行管形状的空腔，该空腔确定所形成的包装2的主要部分20的体积。
相对相应的弹性装置并通过相应的推动装置40的致动，相对的夹持件8a、8b的盒状件16被推动到彼此接触。更具体地，每个致动器41的杆45的移动将肘节状机构42的杆46和48打开到一个位置，在该位置，杆46和48基本上彼此对齐，因而推动相关的盒状件16抵靠相对的盒状件16。
在上述形成步骤期间，与夹持件8a、8b相互配合，致动器28被操作致动可移动件23。更具体地，杆32沿着轴线F从外壳30(图5)伸出，从而移动杆33；和通过致动臂37、38，杆33的运动使可移动件23在与向下拉动管3相反的方向上转动。
在每个形成组件6、6’的向下的行程中靠近底部死点中心的位置，夹持件8a、8b打开以释放管3，当它们向上移动时继续打开，并且在到达顶部死点中心位置之前被完全打开；在该点，夹持件8a、8b开始闭合，并且在它们开始向下移动时被完全闭合。
显然，两个形成组件6、6’的移动偏差半个循环：当形成组件6’向下移动，夹持件8a、8b闭合时，形成组件6向上移动，夹持件8a、8b打开，以便不会互相干扰。
从前述说明，根据本发明的教导的设备1的优点将是明显的。
特别地，通过将可移动件23的致动装置27整体地和直接地配装到相关的夹持件8a、8b上，或者将盒状件16的推动装置40也整体地和直接地配装到相关的夹持件8a、8b上，形成组件6、6’的零部件数量被相当大地减少，因而使组件简化，减少了成本和设备1的总重量，因此对任何保养工作来说都能使设备1被较快地组装和拆卸。
然而，在不背离所附权利要求的范围的情况下，显然，在此可以对所述的设备1作出改变。
特别地，设备1可以包括两组夹持件8a和8b，它们形成相应的链式输送机的一部分，链式输送机依次确定相应的循环夹持进给路径，夹持件8a和8b在管3的进给路径的相对侧上延伸，并成对地互相循环相互合作。在该情况下，每个形成组件6、6’由两个输送机之一上的一个夹持件和另一个输送机上的相对夹持件确定。

Claims (11)

1、一种用于由薄片包装材料制成的管(3)生产密封包装(2)的形成设备(1)，该管被沿着一条进给路径(A)供给并填充有可倒出的食品，所述设备(1)包括夹持装置(6，6’)，夹持装置(6，6’)循环作用于所述管(3)以在等间隔的横截面处夹持和密封该管，所述横截面确定所述包装(2)的相对的密封带(15)；与所述管(3)相互作用并可移动地配装到所述夹持装置(12a，12b)上的相互作用装置(23；16)；和用于操作所述相互作用装置(23；16)的致动装置(27；40)；其特征在于，所述致动装置(27；40)完全安装在所述夹持装置(6，6’)上。
2、如权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，所述夹持装置包括至少两个形成组件(6，6’)，每个形成组件都由一对夹持件(8a，8b)确定，该对夹持件彼此循环相互合作并与所述管(3)相互合作。
3、如权利要求1或2所述的设备，其特征在于，所述相互作用装置包括牵引装置(23)，该牵引装置用于在所述包装材料的管(3)上施加拉力以沿着所述进给路径(A)纠正所述管的运行。
4、如权利要求3所述的设备，其特征在于，所述牵引装置包括两个可移动件(23)，该可移动件由每个所述形成组件(6，6’)的所述夹持件(8a，8b)之一(8a)支承并在相对侧上与所述管(3)相互作用。
5、如权利要求4所述的设备，其特征在于，所述可移动件(23)包括相应的销(24)，该销(24)关于相关的夹持件(8a)旋转；和相应的凸出部(26)，该凸出部(26)由所述销(24)偏心支承。
6、如权利要求4或5所述的设备，其特征在于，对于所述夹持件(8a，8b)的每一个(8a)，所述致动装置(27)包括第一控制致动器(28)以及插置在所述第一致动器(28)和所述可移动件(23)之间的传动装置(29)。
7、如权利要求6所述的设备，其特征在于，每个所述第一致动器(28)包括可在一个方向(F)上移动的第一输出件(31)，该方向(F)与所述管(3)的进给路径(A)和相关的可移动件(23)的所述销(24)的轴线(D，E)交叉；以及对所述夹持件(8a，8b)中的每一个(8a)来说，所述传动装置(29)包括杆(33)，该杆具有铰接到相关的所述第一致动器(28)的所述第一输出件(31)上的连接部分(34)，并确定两个固定部分(35，36)，用于致动相关的可移动件(23)的相应的臂(37、38)被铰接到该固定部分(35、36)，并且该固定部分(35、36)被相应的所述销(24)偏心支承。
8、如前述权利要求中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述相互作用装置包括盒装置(16)，该盒装置包围所述管(3)的预定形状和体积的部分(20)，并最终确定所述包装(2)。
9、如权利要求8所述的设备，其特征在于，对于每个所述形成组件(6，6’)，所述盒装置包括一对盒状件(16)，该对盒状件可移动地连接到相应的夹持件(8a，8b)，并彼此合作以确定预定形状和体积的空腔和包围所述管(3)。
10、如权利要求9所述的设备，其特征在于，对于每个所述形成组件(6，6’)，所述致动装置包括推动装置(40)，推动装置(40)选择地驱动以将相关的盒状件(16)夹在一起。
11、如权利要求10所述的设备，其特征在于，对于每个所述夹持件(8a，8b)，所述推动装置(40)包括第二控制致动器(41)，该第二控制致动器具有可在一个方向(G)上移动的第二输出件(44)，该方向(G)与所述管(3)的进给路径(A)交叉；和肘节状机构(42)，该肘节状机构与所述第二输出件(44)的移动方向(G)交叉地延伸，插置在相关的所述夹持件(8a，8b)和相关的所述盒状件(16)之间，并且被第二输出件(44)致动。
CNB028269209A 2002-01-08 2002-12-30 用于由薄片包装材料制成的管生产密封包装的成形设备 Expired - Fee Related CN100379651C (zh)

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CN114341000A (zh) * 2019-09-09 2022-04-12 Gea食品策划韦尔特公司 用于夹紧和拉伸管状薄膜的拉伸单元、用于夹紧和拉伸管状薄膜的流动包装机及方法

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CN114341000A (zh) * 2019-09-09 2022-04-12 Gea食品策划韦尔特公司 用于夹紧和拉伸管状薄膜的拉伸单元、用于夹紧和拉伸管状薄膜的流动包装机及方法
CN114341000B (zh) * 2019-09-09 2024-04-05 Gea食品策划韦尔特公司 拉伸单元、用于夹紧和拉伸管状薄膜的流动包装机及方法

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