CN1585642A - 包含3,4-丙炔基全氢化嘌呤的药物组合物及其在阻滞神经元传递方面的应用 - Google Patents
包含3,4-丙炔基全氢化嘌呤的药物组合物及其在阻滞神经元传递方面的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1585642A CN1585642A CNA028226429A CN02822642A CN1585642A CN 1585642 A CN1585642 A CN 1585642A CN A028226429 A CNA028226429 A CN A028226429A CN 02822642 A CN02822642 A CN 02822642A CN 1585642 A CN1585642 A CN 1585642A
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- gonyautoxin
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Abstract
本发明提供了包括三环3,4-丙炔基全氢化嘌呤的药物组合物及其在阻滞神经元传递方面的应用。
Description
关于联邦赞助研究或开发的声明
不适用。
关于缩微胶片附件的参考
不适用。
技术领域
本发明涉及包含杂环胍类化合物的药物组合物及其在阻滞神经元传递方面的应用。更具体地,本发明涉及三环3,4-丙炔基全氢化嘌呤及其在阻滞神经元传递方面的应用。
发明背景
社会大众认为在人的颈部和脸部出现皱纹不利于美感。这些痕迹反映了脸的老化,增加了人们对年龄的主观意识。从文明社会开始,人们已经使用天然的或合成的化合物,并开发了减缓这一问题的方法(即整形外科学)。例如,整形外科医生和化妆品中心正在试验肉毒杆菌毒素A,将其用作药物制剂,以通过去除脸部皱纹来使脸部年轻化。肉毒杆菌毒素A是一种以下列方式起作用的神经毒素:通过化学去神经支配、或通过阻滞神经肌肉片中神经递质乙酰胆碱的突触前释放,从而干扰了神经肌肉传递,使肌肉麻痹,并在长达4个月的时间里防止其收缩。在人脸部局部施用时,其效果是在使用该毒素后的7-10天内出现脸部年轻化,持续期为约4个月。肉毒杆菌毒素A已被用来治疗和肌肉痉挛、局灶性张力障碍、括约肌松弛(弛缓不能和肛裂)、多汗和膀胱松弛等有关的疾病。
尽管肉毒杆菌毒素A可作为有效的脸部年轻剂,但是它是一种本质上不稳定的酶。这种不稳定性使其应用和处理复杂,且效果不尽人意。事实上,它在使用前需要冷冻,并且必须在打开容器后4小时内使用。因为它是一种酶,所以肉毒杆菌毒素A不但会产生阻止其连续注射使用的抗体,而且也会导致变态反应。此外,其疗效被延迟7-10天,这是想要得到直接疗效的病人所不希望的。因此,需要一种稳定、作用快速且不是酶的脸部年轻剂。
发明概述
根据本发明的目的,提供了新的组合物和方法。在本发明的一个方面,提供了用于干扰神经元传递的包括有效量的至少一种三环3,4-丙炔基全氢化嘌呤的药物组合物。
在本发明的第二方面,提供了包括有效量的本发明组合物和面霜的脸部年轻用制剂。
在本发明的第三方面,提供了干扰神经元传递的方法,该方法包括使神经元和有效量的本发明药物组合物接触。
在本发明的第四方面,提供了干扰肌肉收缩的方法,该方法包括使肌肉和有效量的本发明组合物接触。
附图详述
图1为治疗人脸的施用图案的说明。
发明详述
根据本发明,已经发现包括杂环胍类化合物的组合物,更具体地,三环3,4-丙炔基全氢化嘌呤可以用于很多美容或临床应用,无需任何外科手术,也没有副作用、变态反应、免疫排斥或血肿。本发明的组合物可以用来治疗以下疾病,所述疾病包括但不限于:睑痉挛、斜视、局灶性张力障碍、括约肌松弛(弛缓不能和肛裂)、多汗、膀胱松弛、与肌肉痉挛有关的疼痛治疗、肌肉痉挛、改善的伤口愈合和脸部皱纹。根据本发明,肌肉松弛是即时的,通常在少于5分钟内产生效果。
本发明的组合物包括有效量的至少一种由下式表示的三环3,4-丙炔基全氢化嘌呤:
其中R1和R5独立地为H或OH;R2和R3独立地为H或OSO3;R4独立地为COONH2、OH、H、COONSO3或COOCH3;和药理学上可接受的载体。这些三环3,4-丙炔基全氢化嘌呤可以从腰鞭毛虫、蓝细菌(cyanobacterias)中提纯,也可以在高度污染的软体动物中积累,它们在局部注射时也是暂时性肌肉松弛剂。可以使用任何药理学上可接受的载体,所述载体包括但不限于水。本发明的化合物通常在乙酸或0.09%氯化钠的溶液中稀释。
如本文所使用的,“有效量”是指该量足以通过阻滞神经肌肉片中神经递质乙酰胆碱的突触前释放来干扰神经元传递,从而干扰传递、使肌肉麻痹以防止其收缩,或使收缩的肌肉松弛。例如,本发明组合物的有效量按每毫升溶液中40单位三环3,4-丙炔基全氢化嘌呤计可以为100至800微升的量。活性单位就是为阻止小鼠的小腿二头肌发生肌肉收缩,作用时间为1.5至2.0小时,所需要的本发明组合物的量。本发明的化合物通常用10mM(毫摩尔)、PH为4的乙酸溶液稀释。在本发明的一个具体实施方案中,本发明组合物按每毫升10mM,pH4的乙酸溶液计包括40单位。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,参照下表1,本发明的药物组合物包括蛤蚌毒素。在本发明的第二实施方案中,本发明的药物组合物包括Gonyautoxin 2。在本发明的第三实施方案中,本发明的药物组合物包括Gonyautoxin 3。在本发明的第四实施方案中,本发明的药物组合物包括Gonyautoxin 4。在本发明的第五实施方案中,本发明的药物组合物包括Gonyautoxin 5。在本发明的第六实施方案中,本发明的药物组合物包括新蛤蚌毒素(neoSaxtoxin)。在本发明的第七实施方案中,本发明的药物组合物包括Gonyautoxin 1。在本发明的第八实施方案中,本发明的药物组合物包括脱氨甲酰基蛤蚌毒素。
表1-三环3,4-丙炔基全氢化嘌呤
化合物 | R1 | R2 | R3 | R4 | R5 |
蛤蚌毒素 | H | H | H | COONH2 | OH |
新蛤蚌毒素 | OH | H | H | COONH2 | OH |
脱氨甲酰基蛤蚌毒素 | OH | H | H | OH | OH |
Gonyautoxin1 | OH | H | OSO- 3 | COONH2 | OH |
Gonyautoxin2 | H | H | OSO- 3 | COONH2 | OH |
Gonyautoxin3 | H | OSO- 3 | H | COONH2 | OH |
Gonyautoxin4 | OH | OSO- 3 | H | COONH2 | OH |
Gonyautoxin5 | H | H | H | COONHSO- 3 | OH |
在本发明的具体实施方案中,药物组合物包括三环3,4-丙炔基全氢化嘌呤的混合物。所述化合物被纯化,单独和/或混合在一起使用。在一个优选实施方案中,本发明的药物组合物包括Gonyautoxin 2、Gonyautoxin 3和蛤蚌毒素的混合物。在另一个优选实施方案中,本发明的药物组合物包括Gonyautoxin 4、Gonyautoxin 1、Gonyautoxin 5、Gonyautoxin 3和Gonyautoxin 2的混合物。在还一个优选实施方案中,本发明的药物组合物包括新蛤蚌毒素和Gonyautoxin 2。在又一个优选实施方案中,本发明的药物组合物包括蛤蚌毒素、新蛤蚌毒素、脱氨甲酰基蛤蚌毒素、Gonyautoxin 3和Gonyautoxin 2的混合物。本领域技术人员应理解,三环3,4-丙炔基全氢化嘌呤的其它混合物和组合均在本发明的范围内。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,本发明的化合物和有效量的肉毒杆菌毒素A组合使用。在这个实施方案中,本发明的药物组合物包括有效量的肉毒杆菌毒素A和有效量的至少一种三环3,4-丙炔基全氢化嘌呤。该组合物可以用于任何美容或临床应用,其中本发明的化合物或肉毒杆菌毒素A用于治疗:例如睑痉挛、斜视、局灶性张力障碍、括约肌松弛(弛缓不能和肛裂)、多汗、膀胱松弛、与肌肉痉挛有关的疼痛治疗、肌肉痉挛、改善的伤口愈合和脸部皱纹去除。
本发明的这些药物组合物可以用于很多美容和临床应用,其包括但不限于,睑痉挛、斜视、局灶性张力障碍、括约肌松弛(弛缓不能和肛裂)、多汗、膀胱松弛、与肌肉痉挛有关的疼痛治疗、肌肉痉挛、改善的伤口愈合和脸部皱纹。通常,本发明的药物组合物以制剂形式局部施用。为形成制剂,将有效量的本发明药物组合物及其共辅药(coadjuvants)加入到面霜中。和肉毒杆菌毒素A不同,这些制剂在室温下是稳定的,不需要冷藏,是无菌的,不产生抗体,本质上不是肽,速效,并且可以重复注射而无任何副作用。
不受理论的约束,当这些化合物被局部施用时,通过可逆地与单独的生物分子受体(即,在所有神经元和可兴奋细胞中存在的电压门控钠通道)相结合以阻滞神经冲动的传播或神经元传递,由此这些化合物发挥抗痉挛效果。通过与这一通道结合,没有钠进入神经元细胞;不发生去极化,因此神经冲动的传播被阻止。这一作用机制阻滞了神经肌肉片中神经递质乙酰胆碱的突触前释放,从而干扰了神经肌肉传递,麻痹肌肉以防止其收缩,或使由于病理问题产生的收缩肌肉松弛。这种机制对美容目的具有部分效果,因为它不让某些脸部肌肉收缩,所有这些肌肉与皱纹形成有关且会导致皱纹形成,因此产生了广受欢迎的脸部年轻化效果。
本发明的药物组合物在将被麻痹的或防止其收缩的肌肉周围局部施用。在肌肉周围的不同部位,尤其是在神经分布最多的区域周围,施用量应该不超过一毫升。活性单位就是为阻止小鼠的小腿二头肌肌肉收缩,作用时间为1.5至2.0小时,所需要的本发明组合物的剂量。当维持浓度为20-40单位/毫升时,优选的剂量率为每个注射点100至800微升,这取决于肌肉的大小、灌注和解剖位置。效果立即显现,通常在注射后最多30秒时出现。最大效果可以在15分钟内看到。其有效时间取决于给药剂量、所针对的肌肉、以及所施加的体积和具体组分。这是所有临床应用和病理学的方式。注射可以使用1毫升、具有27-30规格针头的结合菌素类一次性注射器来完成。在斜视的情况下,可以在轮匝肌中注射50-100微升体积的二十至四十单位的剂量。本发明药物制剂的应用限于大于12岁的个体。对孕妇没有禁忌。
本发明的有利性质可以参照以下实施例看到,该实施例用于说明但非限制本发明。
实施例
在施用前,建立要治疗的人的照片记录,首先是她静止且放松的脸,然后皱眉产生最大的脸部收缩。然后在这个人的前额和将要注射制剂的两侧部位放置冰块。参照图1,施用时应遵循特定模式。在图1所示的每个黑点注射点旁注射一定的体积。包括Gonyautoxin 2,Gonyautoxin 3和蛤蚌毒素的(2∶1∶1体积/体积)混合物的药物组合物以40单位/毫升的剂量被应用。每次注射均使用1毫升、27-30规格针头的结合菌素类一次性注射器。在注射后,每个注射点用二醇(bi-alcohol)或其它任何消毒剂浸湿的纱布进行消毒。完成脸部治疗所需要的总量为1.7毫升。
期望结果是很快在脸部平静时不能皱眉,也不显出皱纹。此人体验到与施用面霜膜时类似的脸部拉伸的感觉。此后,在注射部位施用冰,时间为5分钟。在施用后30分钟,病人习惯脸部拉伸的感觉。此时,此人走出,没有可辨别的皱纹、有着年轻的脸部外观,没有脸部痕迹或血肿,且完全正常。脸部在20分钟内恢复正常颜色,这取决于被注射的病人的松弛程度。整个施用程序最多花费10分钟,由针头和注射溶液产生非常轻的疼痛。只要注射器一拔出疼痛即消失。没有任何外伤和后遗症。可以在第二天检查病人,以后每十五天检查一次。在该剂量下,疗效持续一个月。在第一个月后,可以在需要时进行重复治疗。
根据上文,可以看出实现了本发明的所有目的和特征,也得到了其它有利结果。本文所包含的本发明的实施例和描述只是说明性的,而不是限制意义上的。
Claims (47)
2.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其中所述组合物包括Gonyautoxin
2、Gonyautoxin 3和蛤蚌毒素的混合物。
3.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其中所述组合物包括Gonyautoxin4、Gonyautoxin 1、Gonyautoxin 5、Gonyautoxin 3和Gonyautoxin 2的混合物。
4.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其中所述组合物包括蛤蚌毒素、新蛤蚌毒素、脱氨甲酰基蛤蚌毒素、Gonyautoxin 3和Gonyautoxin 2的混合物。
5.如权利要求1所述的组合物,所述组合物还包括肉毒杆菌毒素A。
6.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其中所述载体为水。
7.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其中所述载体为0.09%的氯化钠。
8.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其中所述组合物按每毫升总溶液计包括约20至约40单位的所述化合物。
9.如权利要求8所述的组合物,其中所述组合物按每毫升总溶液计包括40单位的所述化合物。
10.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其中所述化合物被稀释在乙酸溶液中。
11.一种用于脸部年轻化的制剂,所述制剂包括有效量的权利要求1的组合物和面霜。
12.如权利要求11所述的制剂,其中所述组合物按每毫升总溶液计包括约20至约40单位的所述化合物。
13.如权利要求11所述的制剂,其中所述组合物按每毫升总溶液计包括约40单位的所述化合物。
14.如权利要求11所述的制剂,其中所述载体为水。
15.如权利要求11所述的制剂,其中所述组合物被稀释在乙酸溶液中。
16.如权利要求11所述的制剂,其中所述组合物包括Gonyautoxin2、Gonyautoxin 3和蛤蚌毒素的混合物。
17.如权利要求11所述的制剂,其中所述组合物包括蛤蚌毒素、新蛤蚌毒素、脱氨甲酰基蛤蚌毒素、Gonyautoxin 3和Gonyautoxin 2的混合物。
18.如权利要求11所述的制剂,其中所述组合物包括Gonyautoxin4、Gonyautoxin 1、Gonyautoxin 5、Gonyautoxin 3和Gonyautoxin 2的混合物。
19.如权利要求11所述的制剂,所述制剂还包括肉毒杆菌毒素A。
20.一种干扰神经元传递的方法,所述方法包括使神经元与有效量的权利要求1的组合物接触。
21.如权利要求20所述的方法,其中所述组合物包括Gonyautoxin2,Gonyautoxin 3和蛤蚌毒素的混合物。
22.如权利要求20所述的方法,其中所述组合物包括蛤蚌毒素、新蛤蚌毒素、脱氨甲酰基蛤蚌毒素、Gonyautoxin 3和Gonyautoxin 2的混合物。
23.如权利要求20所述的方法,其中所述组合物包括Gonyautoxin4、Gonyautoxin 1、Gonyautoxin 5、Gonyautoxin 3和Gonyautoxin 2的混合物。
24.如权利要求20所述的方法,其中所述组合物还包括肉毒杆菌毒素A。
25.如权利要求20所述的方法,其中使约100至约800微升的所述组合物与所述神经元接触。
26.如权利要求20所述的方法,其中少于1毫升的所述组合物与所述神经元接触。
27.如权利要求20所述的方法,其中使有效量的权利要求1的组合物与神经元接触,该步骤包括在靠近神经元的部位注射权利要求1的组合物。
28.如权利要求20所述的方法,其中所述组合物按每毫升总溶液计包括约40单位的所述化合物。
29.如权利要求20所述的方法,其中所述组合物按每毫升总溶液计包括约20至约40单位的所述化合物。
30.如权利要求20所述的方法,其中所述化合物被稀释在乙酸溶液中。
31.如权利要求20所述的方法,其中所述神经元为肌肉。
32.如权利要求31所述的方法,其中所述肌肉在人脸内。
33.一种干扰肌肉收缩的方法,所述方法包括使肌肉与有效量的权利要求1的组合物接触。
34.如权利要求33所述的方法,其中权利要求1的组合物包括Gonyautoxin 2、Gonyautoxin 3和蛤蚌毒素的混合物。
35.如权利要求33所述的方法,其中权利要求1的组合物包括蛤蚌毒素、新蛤蚌毒素、脱氨甲酰基蛤蚌毒素、Gonyautoxin 3和Gonyautoxin 2的混合物。
36.如权利要求33所述的方法,其中权利要求1的组合物包括Gonyautoxin 4、Gonyautoxin 1、Gonyautoxin 5、Gonyautoxin 3和Gonyautoxin 2的混合物。
37.如权利要求33所述的方法,其中权利要求1的组合物还包括肉毒杆菌毒素A。
38.如权利要求33所述的方法,其中权利要求1的组合物按每毫升载体计包括约20至约40单位的所述化合物。
39.如权利要求33所述的方法,其中所述载体为乙酸。
40.如权利要求33所述的方法,其中权利要求1的组合物按每毫升总溶液计包括约20至约40单位的所述化合物。
41.如权利要求33所述的方法,其中权利要求1的组合物按每毫升总溶液计包括约40单位的所述化合物。
42.如权利要求33所述的方法,其中使有效量的权利要求1的组合物与肌肉接触,该步骤包括在靠近肌肉的部位注射所述组合物。
43.如权利要求42所述的方法,其中对于每个注射点在靠近肌肉的部位内注射不超过一毫升的权利要求1的组合物。
44.如权利要求42所述的方法,其中对于每个注射点在靠近肌肉的部位内注射约100至约800微升的权利要求1的组合物。
45.如权利要求33所述的方法,其中所述肌肉在人脸内。
46.如权利要求33所述的方法,其中所述载体为0.09%的氯化钠。
47.如权利要求33所述的方法,其中所述组合物被稀释在乙酸溶液中。
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN102811722A (zh) * | 2010-02-10 | 2012-12-05 | 菲特托克斯有限公司 | 用石房蛤毒素衍生物对触觉丧失进行的治疗 |
US9107925B2 (en) | 2010-02-10 | 2015-08-18 | Phytotox Limited | Sodium channel blocker for treatment of loss of superficial sensitivity |
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