CN1575240A - Cycle with auxiliary propulsion - Google Patents

Cycle with auxiliary propulsion Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1575240A
CN1575240A CNA028208862A CN02820886A CN1575240A CN 1575240 A CN1575240 A CN 1575240A CN A028208862 A CNA028208862 A CN A028208862A CN 02820886 A CN02820886 A CN 02820886A CN 1575240 A CN1575240 A CN 1575240A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
bicycle
battery pack
multinomial
vehicle frame
motor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CNA028208862A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
鲍德韦恩·里普
文森特·F·J·范伊尔德
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SPARTA BV
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SPARTA BV
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Publication date
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Application filed by SPARTA BV filed Critical SPARTA BV
Publication of CN1575240A publication Critical patent/CN1575240A/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
    • B62M6/40—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
    • B62M6/60—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor power-driven at axle parts
    • B62M6/65—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor power-driven at axle parts with axle and driving shaft arranged coaxially
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/20—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power generated by humans or animals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/66—Arrangements of batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62H—CYCLE STANDS; SUPPORTS OR HOLDERS FOR PARKING OR STORING CYCLES; APPLIANCES PREVENTING OR INDICATING UNAUTHORIZED USE OR THEFT OF CYCLES; LOCKS INTEGRAL WITH CYCLES; DEVICES FOR LEARNING TO RIDE CYCLES
    • B62H5/00—Appliances preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of cycles; Locks integral with cycles
    • B62H5/20—Appliances preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of cycles; Locks integral with cycles indicating unauthorised use, e.g. acting on signalling devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62J—CYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
    • B62J1/00—Saddles or other seats for cycles; Arrangement thereof; Component parts
    • B62J1/08—Frames for saddles; Connections between saddle frames and seat pillars; Seat pillars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K15/00—Collapsible or foldable cycles
    • B62K15/006—Collapsible or foldable cycles the frame being foldable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K19/00—Cycle frames
    • B62K19/30—Frame parts shaped to receive other cycle parts or accessories
    • B62K19/36—Frame parts shaped to receive other cycle parts or accessories for attaching saddle pillars, e.g. adjustable during ride
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
    • B62M6/40—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
    • B62M6/40—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
    • B62M6/45—Control or actuating devices therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
    • B62M6/80—Accessories, e.g. power sources; Arrangements thereof
    • B62M6/90—Batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M9/00—Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like
    • B62M9/16—Tensioning or adjusting equipment for chains, belts or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/12—Bikes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Automatic Cycles, And Cycles In General (AREA)
  • Steering Devices For Bicycles And Motorcycles (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a cycle, comprising: a frame, one or more wheels arranged rotatably on the frame via wheel axles, drive means for driving the wheels wholly or partly with human force via transmission means, wherein a power source and/or an auxiliary propulsion forming part of the drive means are arranged in or on the cycle in a manner which is as invisible as possible from the outside.

Description

Bicycle with auxiliary propulsion plant
The bicycle that has servo-motor in many examples is known.Wherein servo-motor is that the embodiment of electrical motor also is known.From WO01/30643 A1, be known that the electric power auxiliary bike, the utilization of described electric power auxiliary bike and rider's the additional thrust of stepping on the relevant information Control bicycle of the power of pedaling.Yet there is following shortcoming in such bicycle, and described shortcoming comprises such fact, that is, battery pack can impair the outward appearance of bicycle.
In order to eliminate this and other shortcoming, the invention provides a kind of bicycle, comprising:
-vehicle frame,
-be installed on one or more wheels on the vehicle frame in rotating mode by wheel shaft,
-be used for completely or partially by means of the actuating device of manpower by the transmitting device wheels,
-it is characterized in that the additional thrust of power supply and/or actuating device forms part so that not visible mode is installed in the bicycle or on the bicycle from the outside as far as possible.
This has following advantage, especially, prevents that for hope it is to have that this bicycle becomes more attractive the fastidious customer of bicycle of servo-motor that the third party knows this at once.
In a preferred embodiment, described bicycle comprises the measurement mechanism that is used to measure rider's muscle propulsive effort.For the legal regulation of observe determining, not have additional thrust should be important to bicycle under situation about at least also not driven by rider's muscular strength.Described for this reason measurement mechanism can produce the relevant signal of propulsive effort that is applied with muscular strength, and can increase the additional thrust of the amount of determining on its basis.
In a further advantageous embodiment, described bicycle comprises at least one battery pack that is used for store electrical energy, and described battery pack preferably is installed in the vehicle frame of bicycle.A kind of like this layout in the vehicle frame has following advantage, that is, can protect battery pack not to be subjected to external action well, thereby it can be not impaired.In battery failure/blast or short circuited situation, can not cause danger to the rider.Another advantage is, can not carry out any operation or cause battery pack to be damaged battery pack.In addition, the outward appearance of vehicle frame is similar to the cycle frame that does not have battery pack.Another advantage is that battery pack can not be stolen easily.
In one embodiment, battery pack comprises a plurality of independent components by thin sleeve-like body seal for example made of plastic.Although in the vehicle frame pipe, for example because they are to combine in the mode that is easy to arrange, it is difficult that a large amount of independent components are arranged in the vehicle frame pipe to mode that can simple and stable with a plurality of incorporated battery arrangement.Another advantage of thin plastic body is that it only occupies in very little space and the vehicle frame pipe applicable to finite size.
In a further advantageous embodiment, the control setup that is used to batteries charging and discharge is installed in vehicle frame.This has following advantage,, can keep very good battery maintenance that is.The high temperature that overcharges, crosses charging quickly and discharge or wherein can occur causes battery pack fragile.By being careful these parameters and storing the important elements of these data, described control setup can increase the service life of battery pack widely.By these control setups are installed for battery pack, can guarantee in suitable battery pack, always can obtain correct data, therefore do not carry out discharge cycle under the paper speed situation relevant for battery pack at control setup.This makes the customer to obtain better and clearer fixedly assurance there from supplier.
In another embodiment, control setup and battery pack and the being used for closure elements that seals the person in charge is installed in vehicle frame together.If bicycle is equipped with such as the supply units such as voltage transformer that can be connected with source of AC, its size and weight can cause adverse effect to bicycle.Therefore require to provide energy that such device for transformer, described device for transformer be provided as batteries charging and can be separated with the control setup that is used to control batteries charging and discharge.This has following additional advantage,, depends on the situation that may require that is, can select gentlier but slow relatively electrically-charged voltage transformer or voltage transformer heavier but relative fast charge.Be used to control the control setup of batteries charging and discharge then according to employed voltage transformer type control charging.For example light charger can carry easilier in the time must charging out of doors.
Described additional thrust preferably includes the electric hub motor in the hub that is installed in hind axle, is used to produce driving to small part of trailing wheel.Layout in the hub of trailing wheel has the more imperceptible advantage that helps additional thrust.Another advantage of arranging motor in hub is, because the direct transmission of motor on trailing wheel almost do not have transmission loss.
Electricity hub motor preferably is equipped with the transmission system with two or more gears, and described transmission system preferably includes one or more planetary gear systems.This has the following advantages, and for example under the situation on low speed or abrupt slope, needs the lower power of pedaling and/or additional thrust power or the moment of torsion stepped on.Described transmission system preferably is embodied in one or more planetary gear systems.Transmission system in the literary composition can change motor and be transferred to the muscular strength of hub via chain.Here, also can between hub and chain, arrange derailleur, thereby can use a plurality of sprocket wheels to regulate the transmitting ratio of expectation.
Bicycle preferably also comprises the shifter that is used for switching to from motor electrical generator.If battery pack has fault or exhausts fully, by the described electrical generator effect of motor, the illumination of bicycle (lighting) can continue to play a role.Another advantage do not need to be independent generator for this reason.This generator function is mainly as illumination functions.Effect for the electrical generator that makes described motor play to be used to throw light on just can realize with simple circuit form.But the advantage of described lighting generator effect is, using this function do not have when motor operated, and it has produced inappreciable additional load for the rider who rides on the described bicycle.Can be equal to mutually with the load of standard bicycle electrical generator aspect the scale of described load.Further eliminated in this embodiment because resistance and the bike tyre worn-down shortcoming that conventional electric generators caused.
In a further advantageous embodiment, wheel shaft comprises the straight-though groove of the lead that is used for motor.Make preferably that under confined state this groove is positioned on the downside of wheel shaft.Described groove has following advantage, that is, the lead that is used for electric power is actually not visible.In addition, when bicycle is fallen or meet with possible destruction described wiring by good protection.Described structure is very crash-resistant.
According to an embodiment, described bicycle also comprises the pulse width modulation device of the electric power supply that is used for partial power (such as illumination).If battery pack produces the required different voltages of described power subsystem, this is very favorable.For example, when using bicycle lighting, can be very beneficial for is 6 volts of lighting bulb power supplies.Illumination output in expectation for example is 3 watt-hours, and 6 volts of lighting bulbs have the filament of expectation rugosity.Filament is stronger under this rugosity.If for example under 24 volts, use the lighting bulb of identical wattage, filament will be carefully so that fragile when being used on the bicycle.Because the collision between the bicycle used life will cause the service life of filament shorter.Pulse width modulation among the application has the following advantages, and, under the situation of inappreciable degradation of energy, can produce for example 6 volts voltage from the power line voltage of for example 12-24 volt that is.Its another advantage is, can use the standard illuminants bulb, therefore especially has logistics and commercial advantage.
Described bicycle preferably includes the data bus that is used for the data transmission between measurement mechanism, storage device, control setup, data input unit and/or data output device two or more.Data bus has significant advantage.All parts all can directly link with every other parts.Described parts for example comprise, measurement mechanism, first and second control setups and data input unit or data output device and storage device.This can be transferred to different parts with other data via a signal line with a plurality of control datas.This operation terminal that for example can be installed on the handle that to describe hereinafter also can be connected with data bus so that the operation of system.For this embodiment, also become very simple at the new parts of Power System Expansion.All parts of electric system all can insert so that safeguard by a plug.Randomly, even can form data highway system or its part wirelessly.
Described bicycle also comprises at least one operating terminal that is used to read and import data.This operating terminal preferably is made of the capsule on the handle, can easily it not pulled down if described capsule comprises when connecting device and bicycle use.This unit is connected with data bus, and the information that therefore comes from all data systems of bicycle all can be read out substantially.Described operating terminal such as can easily it being pulled down so that electric system no longer plays a role or for example it is arranged on advantages such as braking position.Operating terminal also can be equipped with private code, and therefore bicycle is obsolete under the stolen situation of bicycle.In the time limit in service life of bicycle also available more advanced or the improvement the unit replacement operating terminal.If desired, with data bus between be connected and can use wireless mode.Its advantage is, operating terminal can form the wrist formula, described wrist formula operating terminal can be carried by the jockey of bicycle, and if when causing disconnection of wireless to be connected owing to distance between bicycle and the described unit is excessive, described wrist formula operating terminal can make bicycle not use.Operating terminal can be connected with cardiotach ometer, perhaps has the functional of integrated cardiotach ometer, thereby can make the additional thrust of bicycle and jockey's heart rate interrelate.For example can be the jockey and regulate maximum and allow that heart rate is 150,, will provide bigger auxiliary power if heart rate has the danger above this numerical value.
Another advantage is that by data bus, whole bicycle can be subjected to for example to be installed in the control of the operating terminal on the handle.
Another preferred embodiment provides a kind of bicycle, wherein, battery pack comprises two or more parts, described part for example also is applicable to 6 or 12 volts voltage, described part interconnects with in parallel and series connection dual mode, and the mode that can be connected in series simultaneously of therefore can charging is in parallel carried out the power supply supply of additional thrust.This has following advantage, for example, uses the charger that is applicable to normal voltage to can be different battery pack configuration chargings.Different battery assembly for example also can be by dissimilar motor driven.
Bicycle involved in the present invention comprises also preferably and is used for the vehicle frame pipe is folded into two-part pipe pivoting device that described pipe pivoting device comprises:
Two first hooking devices in-the first tube portion are used for being hooked in two second hooking devices of cooperating with first hooking device of second tube portion,
-dissoluble anchor fitting is used for by force the spring installation and the first and second hooking device integrators, and
-wherein in the state of closure, hooking device and dissoluble anchor fitting are disposed in the pipe in the mode of can't see from the outside.
Described pipe pivoting device preferably includes at least one hinge, and described hinge comprises the link pin that is used for the rotation of feasible pipe pivoting device.In a further advantageous embodiment, described pipe pivoting device comprises the spring installation that is used to promote to separate first and second hooking devices.The advantage of described pipe pivoting device is, can very simply bicycle folding be got up.Use this pipe pivoting device, owing to just a wheel can be folded on another wheel, therefore can the bicycle with unusual larger wheels is very closely further folding.
Another preferred embodiment involved in the present invention comprises such battery pack, and described battery pack has two or more parts with identical voltage.The described embodiment of battery pack can use and be applicable to that depressing in the same electrical that for example is 12 volts for a transformer unit of batteries charging with described voltage is a plurality of parts chargings.Therefore described charger is applicable to the bicycle that for example has 12,24,36 or 48 volts of battery pack.Its advantage is, uses the dissimilar bicycle with different voltage battery groups only to need the discrepant charger of few kind.
Another embodiment involved in the present invention provides the computer that is connected with the data bus of bicycle, be used for from the data bus of bicycle involved in the present invention transmission data or with data transmission to the data bus of bicycle involved in the present invention.Feasible all individual components and the data therefrom that can enter the electric system of described bicycle of described computer.Also can adapt the program of described part.
An alternative embodiment of the invention provides a kind of method that is used to use the servo-motor propelled bicycles, said method comprising the steps of:
-measure jockey's the power of pedaling of stepping on,
-control motor for a certain amount of propulsive force of supply from motor, described propulsive force is jockey's a percentum of stepping on the power of pedaling.
This method preferably also comprises the step of the electric power of supplying according to the control such as external factors such as jockey's condition and/or weather conditions from motor.Aforesaid, an one advantage is that jockey's heart rate can not be elevated to more than the predetermined value, perhaps is, if bicycle arrives upward slope place or the more additional thrust of motor supply under situation against the wind for example.
Bicycle also is equipped with the wheel shaft mounting device in a further advantageous embodiment, comprising:
-be fixedly mounted in the first on the vehicle frame; And
-can be installed in the first so that with respect to bicycle from the front second portion to the back displacement.
The first here preferably has at least one straight flange that is used to receive second portion, and second portion preferably has the straight flange that at least one is used to receive first.Described another advantage of taking turns shaft mounting device is, do not need independently chain tensioner sheet to strain chain.On the downside of second portion, provide a slit to realize the very simple assembling and the dismounting of trailing wheel as the slit of placing hind axle.If this is particularly favourable to trailing wheel heavier (for example by using the motor in the hub of back).
Bicycle involved in the present invention preferably also comprises and is used for regulating the device of saddle height in the process of riding.Described device has following advantage, that is, saddle can be in lower position under halted state, and it can be transferred to desirable riding position during riding.This can carry out under mechanization or artificial mode.
Further describe other advantages of the present invention, feature and details below with reference to accompanying drawings, in the accompanying drawings:
-Fig. 1 is the partial cut-away perspective view of an embodiment involved in the present invention;
-Fig. 2 is the partial cut-away perspective view of the aspect of the related embodiment of Fig. 1;
-Fig. 3 is the broken-open perspective view of another aspect of the related embodiment of Fig. 1;
-Fig. 4 is the transparent view of another aspect of the embodiment of Fig. 1;
-Fig. 5 is the transparent view of another aspect of the related embodiment of Fig. 1;
-Fig. 6 is the transparent view of another aspect of the related embodiment of Fig. 1;
-Fig. 7 is the transparent view of another preferred embodiment of Fig. 1;
-Fig. 8 shows the constructional drawing of the electric system of Fig. 1 embodiment;
-Fig. 9 shows the block diagram of the part of Fig. 8 electric system;
-Figure 10 shows the block diagram of another part of Fig. 8 electric system.
An embodiment (Fig. 1) involved in the present invention is the bicycle 1 that comprises vehicle frame 2.Vehicle frame 2 comprises to be responsible for or down tube 3, saddle tube 8, chain-stay 18, V shape post 13 and bent hub 16.
The battery pack 4 that is made of for example 20 1.2 volts of batteries is placed on to be responsible in 3.Be responsible for 3 shells, thereby battery pack can be isolated with external environment condition as battery pack.The packing of two row's batteries is sealed by thin sleeve-like big envelope (not shown).Described big envelope makes battery pack and described pipe isolate and makes that the operation that described battery is positioned in the pipe is very simple.The concrete advantage that described battery pack is positioned in the described vehicle frame pipe is, no longer needs to place the space of described battery pack.Battery pack is not subjected to the influence of external environment condition fully.
Charger connecting bridge 11 is installed being responsible on 3 upside or the sidepiece.Be used to the power supply of batteries charging to be connected with this charger connecting bridge 11.On the person in charge 3 downside, closing cap 15 is installed, is furnished with the battery pack control setup therein.To further describe these parts with reference to Fig. 2.
In order to provide voltage transformer 26 for batteries charging or to other power components supply electric power of bicycle, described voltage transformer 26 can be supplied electric power for connector unit by plug 12.
Saddle tube 8 also is equipped with the saddle control apparatus 50 of the height adjustment that is used for saddle 9.Further describe this part with reference to Fig. 5.
Bicycle also is equipped with the back hub 5 that electrical motor wherein is installed, and will further describe this hub in conjunction with Fig. 3.
Bicycle also is equipped with pedal 28 and bent wheel shaft 29.The power that is applied thereto by the jockey is transferred to back hub 5 by transmitting device 6.
The adaptor union 14 that is used for data cable 24 is connected in external computer 27 is installed in chain-stay, and described data cable 24 can be used for read-out information from the different parts of bicycle, and data bus is housed for this purpose.For example when serving, battery pack can determine its state.This state can comprise that for example relevant with the quantity of executed charging and discharge cycle data, battery pack temperature surpass or are lower than number of times of predetermined temperature or the like.
Handle 7 also is equipped with the operating terminal 17 that is arranged in removably on the handle.Further describe this operating terminal with reference to Fig. 4.
Power cord system (not shown) interconnects the power components of this bicycle.The electric power that comes from battery pack is supplied to all power components by described electric wire, and described battery pack is by hereinafter the power management unit (PMU) that further describes being controlled.The data bus cable that is used for the data transmission between the parts also is provided.Be attached thereto the so-called data bus structure that connects by all power components this data transmission takes place.Data bus cable is embodied in data bus structure.
By the person in charge 3 of obturator 15 at downside sealing vehicle frame.The part of described obturator can form with the plastic casing of battery pack is whole.This obturator has multiple function.First function is that 3 downside is responsible in sealing, and another function is to hold energy management management unit or power management unit (PMU) 23.This PMU23 provides the charging and the discharge of battery pack.
Holding of battery pack has a plurality of advantages.Described advantage comprises that battery pack protected in the person in charge and can be not destroyed well.Therefore fault, blast or the short circuit of battery pack can not cause danger to the rider.Because battery pack firmly is placed in the pipe and the jockey does not reach, for the jockey, contacts battery pack or cause high risk about the dangerous operation of battery pack execution.Therefore it is very safe battery pack being positioned in the pipe.Another advantage is that battery pack is can't see.Battery pack is placed on the bottom can gives battery pack than low center of gravity in being responsible for, thereby help to make that the center of gravity of bicycle is lower.Battery pack is connected with PMU in this embodiment.This means that relevant with battery pack and relevant with the measurement of battery pack data are stored among the PMU.If the replacing battery pack must also be changed charge circuit.Can be that PMU resets or reprogramming so that be used in combination with new battery pack.Another advantage that battery pack is positioned among the person in charge is that it can not be stolen easily.Causing owing to charge or discharge under the situation of battery pack heating, vehicle frame is also as cools body.According to the present invention, battery pack also can be disposed in the saddle tube as being disposed among the person in charge.Battery pack is preferably also sealed so that the independent component integrator by thin plastic sleeve.
Battery pack is embodied in 10 batteries of two strings in this embodiment, has the capacity of 6000-9500mAH (being preferably 8000mAH).Used herein is D-size, NiMH battery.Described battery can charge with constant charge current, and its brand, model and temperature are the condition precedenies of regulation maximum charging current.Batteries management system (BMS) is the part of PMU.In order to reach the maximum service life of battery pack, the discharge process of BMS administration battery pack, manage its process of charging, determine the demonstration of the battery pack indicating device on the operating terminal on the handle, and from evaluation after a while, collect data, such as filling (putting) electric on-cycle quantity and total electricity supply.If the voltage of battery pack and temperature build-up De Taigao, BMS stops charging procedure.Be 10 described data of battery measurement of every string.Therefore, 10 batteries of wherein every string connect into battery pack.During charging procedure, measure voltage, electric current and the temperature of each string of battery cell.The PMU treater determines whether to cut off charging current according to standard-dV/dt, dT/dT, minimum/largest battery temperature, BMS data and/or the data that come from timer.Therefore can stop charging procedure in any moment by the PMU treater.Charger is outside stabilized power source, and this is for being important for the NiMH batteries charging.
Except being the batteries charging, PMU has following function:
The voltage of the battery pack of 10 batteries of the every string of-monitoring.
The temperature of-monitoring battery group is wherein measured the temperature of every string.
-determine the charge condition of battery pack by the enclosed pasture mensuration.
-start the illumination of bicycle, wherein provide 6 volts of voltages for the standard dynamo lighting set by variable pulse width modulation (PWM).
-prepare the data display on the operating terminal on the handle, such as with the percentages show battery capacity.
The PMU circuit is connected with particular battery.These electronics comprise the specific features that is used for charging procedure for this reason.If battery pack changes, charging procedure also changes.Therefore for fear of dangerous situation occurring, synchronously changing circuit and battery pack is actv..Randomly, also can be new battery pack correction circuit here.In PMU, be furnished with the EEPROM that is used to store the data relevant with battery pack.The data that need be stored among this EEPROM for example are:
The quantity of-charging in intervals,
Ampere-hour (Ah) sum of-supply,
-for example from the actual use fate that the uses beginning first time,
-km/ days use aviation value for example,
-total milimeter number of being travelled,
-average velociity,
-on average step on and pedal moment of torsion,
The mean number of-km/ charging in intervals,
-maximum is filled (putting) electric current,
-generation charging average discharge before once more.
Helping to determine that any variable influences the life-span of battery pack or whether giving suitable attention aspect the jockey who determines bicycle aspect the permission right of battery pack, described data for example are important.
By using the battery pack indicating device, the jockey of bicycle can visual mode be known the current charges state of battery pack.The data that are used for described indication are collected, handle and be stored in the treater of PMU.Described data will be transferred in the operating terminal on the handle via the data bus that describes below.Correct indication requires:
The continuous gauging of the input and output electric current of-battery pack (measuring for so-called coulomb)
-for the correction of the inside self-discharge of battery pack,
-battery pack " expires " comparison of voltage (dV/dt) and its internal calculation and correction,
" sky " voltage measurement of-battery pack and internal measurement and the comparison of recomputating capacity.Described measurement especially provides with the record of aging, the charging in intervals quantity of battery pack and has measured the relevant information of battery temperature.
Battery pack is always discharged fully.Must prevent to discharge fully by BMS.PMU for example will refuse to the motor supply of current when 10% electric residue.Battery pack can not be charged to 100% in each charging in intervals.So service life that can significantly strengthen battery pack.
Use accurate BMS so that can use said method.Use monitor control mechanism and avoid the mal indication of BMS with the protection battery pack.If must when 15% residual capacity for example, stop the discharge of battery pack, and in fact BMS indicates more than 15% electric residue can utilize that battery almost exhausts, and the indication of cell pressure so (for example being lower than 0.9 volt/battery) will indicate BMS and carry out off-square and measure and the PMU recoverable.
Hub 5 mainly comprises three functions (Fig. 3).These three functions are transfer functions of the control unit 55 of motor driven function and planetary gear system and motor administrative unit (MMU) form.Also provide be used to measure bicycle the jockey produced steps on the torque-measuring apparatus 52 of pedaling moment of torsion.These torque-measuring apparatus 52 are embodied in the downside that is arranged in wheel shaft 51 horizontal surfaces or the small strain wire gauge on the side.Step on and pedal moment of torsion and make the wheel shaft slight deformation, thus equally also slight deformation of strain wire gauge 52.The signal that produces from this distortion is supplied to signal amplifier 53, and described signal amplifier 53 is disposed on the printed circuit board (PCB) 54 of motor administrative unit 55, and described printed circuit board (PCB) 54 is arranged in shell 56 inside of motor administrative unit.
In hub, also be furnished with the brushless three-phase motor that is applicable to 24 volts.This motor is made of magnet 65 and coil 66.Coil coil 66 is installed on the data bus 57 that is adjacent to wheel shaft 51 regularly.Magnet 65 is disposed in the rotor 64, and described rotor 64 is connected with sprocket wheel 58 on the one side, and is connected with the satellite wheel 63 of planetary gear system on its opposite side.
The satellite wheel 63 that is connected with rotor 64 has constituted the outer shroud of planetary gear system.The interior ring of planetary gear system is made of sun gear 61.Between outer shroud and interior ring, be furnished with by bearing 59 and be installed on six planetary wheels 62 in the hub wall 60.
Planetary gear system can be connected and cut off, thereby two kinds of driving conditions can be utilized.Use retardance ball 71 to carry out the connection and the cut-out of planetary gear system.Can loosen described retardance ball or it is pushed in the groove of sun gear by slip bus 72, slip bus 72 can be set in two positions.Arrange described slip bus 72 by spring and ball 73 by means of two grooves.Screw actuator 74 supply makes the required energy of slip bus 72 displacements.
In order to make wheel to slide, described hub is equipped with the flywheel ratchet with hairspring 79, and described hairspring 79 is known elements.Data bus 75 is connected sun gear with the wall 60 of hub.
Motor must be equipped with energy and for example come from the data of PMU.Two be must supply with for this reason and the electric wire of electric power supply and the electric wire that is used for data supply of a composition data bus architecture part are used for.These three electric wires are combined into the round cable that its diameter for example is about 8.2mm, so that these three electric wires are pressed into the inside of hub.For the failure-free of realizing electric wire, prolonged wearing can feed, is furnished with groove 81 (under installing condition) when the downside of wheel shaft, as the path of these three electric wires.Here these three electric wires are not that arranged in form with the round cable of about 8.2mm is in groove, but as can be arranged in three power cord layouts in the groove mutually contiguously.These three electric wires are directed out the wheel shaft (back vent) between hub and the vehicle frame.Compare with existing embodiment, wherein electric wire leaves wheel shaft at the place, end of wheel shaft, and this has following advantage, that is, more be not prone to electric wire fracture or electric wire and damage.In fact from the end of wheel shaft outstanding electric wire by to cause damage be comparatively common artificially or because for example bicycle is fallen at the wheel shaft top.
In order to make electric wire have sufficient space in wheel shaft, the latter has than major diameter, for example is 15mm.Therefore with respect to hub install wheel shaft and wherein feedthrough have the internal diameter that is about 15mm by the bearing of cable.Also can adopt bigger or smaller size.This embodiment that electric wire is inserted in the motor has following advantage, and for example, electric wire is actually be can't see, and is subjected to good protection when behavior is fallen or wrecked to bicycle, and/or firm in structure, thereby electric wire is durable in use, has than the long life.
Further explain the operation of motor below with reference to Figure 10.
Fig. 4 shows the operating terminal 17 with read-out 90 and two control buttons 85 and 86.On read-out, can show three numerals, for example, display speed or operating range.This can be produced by alphanumeric part 97.Also can select three kinds of power modes 91,92,93, and disconnect (OFF) position 98.Battery pack electric residue bar 96 indicates the electric residue of battery pack.Use illumination indicating section 95 changeable illuminations and provide the indication of whether connecting about illumination.Part 94 also can be recharged or discharged owing to the pilot cell group.
Surprisingly, test has demonstrated the standard bicycle more performance that the related bicycle of the foregoing description has Billy's usefulness electric power (assisting) driving.Find that also compare with the bicycle that does not have electric power management system by this way and use conventional apparatus to carry out the measurement of stepping on the power of pedaling and motor driven, the bicycle with comparability battery pack electric charge can obtain bigger radius of action.
Another advantage of bicycle involved in the present invention is, when using under not having additional thrust, does not need the remarkable power of pedaling of stepping on greater than the standard bicycle that does not have servo-motor.This is particularly favourable under the inabundant electrically-charged unreliable situation of battery pack.
In another embodiment (Fig. 5), bicycle preferably is equipped with the saddle tube 8 that is supported by seat stay 18.Saddle pillar 101 is disposed in the saddle tube 8.This saddle pillar 101 is arranged movably so that driven and driven by motor 103 by gear 102.Use button 104,105, but the artificially makes saddle move up and down.The purpose of this embodiment is, electrically the up-down adjustment saddle.This electric adjustment unit preferably is equipped with data bus and connects so that overhead control also can automatically be regulated saddle according to its dependent variable of bicycle.For example the jockey wishes to use lower location of saddle support when Assembly ﹠Disassembly, and the jockey wishes to use higher location of saddle support when being in high speed.
This device can be according to speed up-down adjustment saddle.Also can be according to the height of pedaling power control saddle of stepping on that the jockey produced.Electric power saddle by gear shown in this figure is regulated and is driven.Also can carry out the height adjustment of bicycle by the horizontal adjustment screw, wherein for example gimbal 106 is driven.The artificial saddle height adjusting that upwards promotes the spring and the manually-operated retardance/releasing retarding mechanism of saddle by permanent is provided in addition.
Another preferred embodiment (Fig. 6) provides and has been used to make the folding hinge of vehicle frame pipe.Vehicle frame pipe 110 laterally or under an angle is divided into two parts.In two parts of connecting panel 118,120 and this each is connected.These plates are equipped with hook 113,115, if use this two tube portions in the mode that is mutually straight line, described hook 113,115 is disposed in and hooks up on the edge 114,116.Hinge 117 is equipped with compression spring 119 around the link pin, and described compression spring 119 makes two vehicle frame pipe translations relative to each other.Pipe described here has moved such distance, that is, make hooking device to move on the edge that hooks up so that fold described pipe, and hinge fraction also is equipped with the bolt of rear end plate 111 that can use pin 112 to rotate.Also can be with bolt 111 as for example bayonet coupling mechanism.
The related hinge of this embodiment also is equipped with the wheel support 109 that comprises bearing wheel 108.The advantage of this bearing wheel is that the bicycle that has this hinge after folding can be laid on the bearing wheel.This has the following advantages, that is, folding of bicycle is easy to transportation and for example can stable manner places.
If closed hinge will make length of spring compressed by tie bolt 111, and hooking device will be pressed in securely on the corresponding with it edge.If angle is less, for example be 38 °, the cross section of vehicle frame pipe just becomes bigger so, so hooking device is away from each other, and this has following advantage, that is and, because the bigger distance of hook, acceptable connection keeps lowlyer, and reduces the load of sealing member.
If it is just more outstanding that pipe has this advantage of larger diameter.Therefore the pipe among Fig. 6 is well-adapted.Described pipe has the following advantages, that is, exist owing to arrange the bigger inner space of the parts at hinge center, and this can further improve by optional low-angle.Another advantage of this hinge direction is beautiful outward appearance, and this is because to have only strain pin 112 are visual existence of therefore almost can't see the hinge center.Another advantage at whole interior hinge center is do not have and for example may hook any sharp-pointed outside that clothing maybe may injure the jockey.Because the run-on point of hinge do not stress in make position, and be used for folded state the vehicle frame integrator, therefore closed vehicle frame is stiff.Because lower hooking device is placed in the stretch zones of branch open pipe by integral body, so the effective section coefficient is lower than the effective section coefficient of pipe self at least.By not arranging link pin, this embodiment also can be used for dividing bicycle maybe can divide vehicle frame.
Fig. 7 shows the folding bicycle 170 that comprises folding stand 171.This folding stand can be folding about hinge 181, and described hinge 181 is similar to the hinge of Fig. 6.Vehicle frame 171 comprise saddle tube 186, down tube or be responsible for 172, seat stay 173, chain-stay 174 and V shape post 175.The person in charge or down tube 172 can pivot at hinge 181 places, so vehicle frame is folding.King pin 187 can pivot by hinge 183.Bicycle also is equipped with front-wheel 179 and trailing wheel 180 and saddle 178.On the upside of saddle tube 186, near bent axle 176 places, bicycle is equipped with the fixed support 109 that bearing wheel 108 is fixed thereon.In folded state, this bearing wheel 108 is as supporting bicycle thirdly, and wherein front-wheel 179 and trailing wheel 180 are as first and second points that support.Bicycle also is equipped with owing to step on the chain 185 of the power of pedaling from bent axle to trailing wheel 180 transmission.In order to control hinge means 181, set pin 112 can be equipped with certain handle.
Bolt of rear end plate by the hinge of back-outing begins the folding of bicycle.Connecting panel 118 can be with respect to connecting panel 118 displacements, thereby loosen hooking device 113 and 115.In Fig. 6 B, can see its middle position.Fig. 6 C shows the layout A of the connecting panel 118,120 in the complete make position.After making that by folder fin 112 hinge is opened fully, pipe can be folded into two parts.Therefore front-wheel can be folded on the trailing wheel.As shown in FIG., the wheel shaft separately 187,188 of front-wheel and trailing wheel is directly contiguous mutually.Bicycle can be positioned in the position shown in Fig. 7 then, thereby bicycle also will be shelved on the bearing wheel 108 on being shelved on front-wheel and trailing wheel.
The embodiment of Fig. 8 is very suitable for constituting bicycle or the electric propulsion bicycle with larger wheels, although the larger wheels of described bicycle still is assemblied in the less rectangle frame.Can imagine wheel and be of a size of 22 inches, 24 inches or 26 inches, wherein 24 inches is preferred.When folding described bicycle, described larger wheels is assembled in 735mm * 610mm rectangle frame.The advantage of described Collapsible bicycle is that bigger wheel has than low-rolling-resistance, and compare with the comparability folding bicycle of for example 16 inches wheels ride more comfortable.And wheel is big more, and just flexible more, this helps traveling comfort.Another advantage is, compares with small wheels, and larger wheels needs littler transmitting ratio.Another advantage with folding bicycle of larger wheels is that it has the outward appearance of standard bicycle, has therefore increased the degree of recognition of described bicycle on market.
Another preferred embodiment (Fig. 8) provides the simple installation that is used for trailing wheel and made does not need the removable back of chain tensioner sheet liner 122.Between seat stay and chain-stay, be mounted with the horizontal connecting bridge 121 that wherein is drilled with two holes.Liner 122 is anchored on captive joint part 121 to use two bolts 124 to incite somebody to action independently.Because the fixed orifice 126 of individual pad is elongated, therefore can movable mode fix these individual pad.Service adjustment bolt 125 can be arranged back liner 122 along the direction from the front to the back, and is appreciable as the travel direction along bicycle.On the downside of liner, be furnished with opening 123 with two parallel straight edges.These openings 123 are because the layout of the hind axle 51 of bicycle.Because these openings towards open lower side, therefore for example can remove described wheel by lifting bicycle simply.If this is that the bicycle with very heavy trailing wheel is particularly favourable (be equipped with under the situation of motor in the back hub of bicycle, thereby trailing wheel being heavier).
Block diagram (Fig. 9) shows and is used for for example electric system of the bicycle of Fig. 1.What be positioned at this systems center place is power management unit (PMU) 121.This power management unit comprises aforesaid batteries management system.PMU121 is connected with battery pack 122 so that for its charging with from wherein obtaining electric current.Appreciable is that two string battery pack can be by charge or discharge independently.In each battery pack string, also be furnished with temperature sensor 133.Motor administrative unit 123 also is connected with PMU.Headlight 127 also is connected with PMU by power lead with back light 128.The operation terminal 126 that can be arranged on the handle is connected with PMU equally.Being disposed in vehicle frame on the bicycle is responsible for power connector 124 in the connector unit 11 at place, top and is connected with PMU and is used for transformer unit 125 is connected in PMU.The energy that for example comes from common source of AC 131 is used to batteries charging.External computer 130 also can be connected with the electric system of bicycle.For example use the RS232 of computer to connect for this reason.Converting unit 129 provides the single line data bus connection with bicycle to be converted to the input of RS232 computer.Can use the electric power supply of the battery pack that comes from bicycle to be conv 129 power supplies.
Computer 130 can be from for example MMU, the PMU that are present in bicycle or all memory devices the BMS read-out information.Computer also can be used for adapting the program code of these modules.Therefore can be in a program additional thrust of Change Example such as electrical motor and jockey step on the percentum of pedaling between the strength.The use computer can further be carried out any calibration in the electric system.Also can be by the data traffic on the data bus of computer monitor bicycle.
Figure 10 illustrates in greater detail the operation of PMU121.What be positioned at the center is control unit 140.Control unit 140 receives the measurement relevant for temperature T and voltage V that comes from battery pack 144.Control unit 140 receives the data relevant with charging current from current measuring unit 145.For purpose of safety provides wire fuse 31, described wire fuse 31 is disposed in the principal current line of battery pack.Described wire fuse is arranged in electric wire.Part between battery pack and the wire fuse is by careful insulation.Selectively, the insulation of wire fuse back can be a little less than.In addition, be furnished with the module 154 that is used to detect batteries charging.The relay 153 that is driven by control unit 140 is used for starting and finishing charging.Control unit 140 is delivered to operating terminal with data 140.On the motor administrative unit, connect by another relay 146 that control unit drives by signal 147.Actual measurement voltage 148 is instructed to and is fed to control unit 140.Control unit 140 also the power supply 149 by 6 volts of pulse width modulation supplies to be used for the illumination of bicycle.This power supply is equipped with the safety device 155 that is used to protect it.For above-mentioned purpose, PMU121 is equipped with adaptor union 142,150,151,152.
The charging and the discharge of BMS control battery pack.The step of being carried out by BMS under the particular case will be described below.
Between the first time of battery pack charge period, whether BMS detects charger and connects.For the determined value (described numerical value is predetermined according to the concrete specification of battery pack) of dV/dt or dT/dt, BMS opens switch so that stop the charging of battery pack.If will stop normal charging procedure when having reached the maximum temperature of the dV/dt, the dT/dt that set and/or battery pack.After charging, the electric charge instrument of BMS will be set to 100%.
When bicycle was not used, battery pack can be discharged by self-discharge or by the power consumption unit (such as institute's bonded assembly operating terminal on BMS itself or the handle) that is connected in battery pack.BMS from predetermined self-discharge information, battery pack record temperature and relevant for the electric charge that calculates battery pack the information of power consumption unit.If the charge condition of battery pack falls 70% when following, BMS switches to charger so that recharge with relay once more.BMS will use the Ah-counting machine to keep the track of charging procedure.When quantity of electric charge reach largest battery group electric charge 95% the time will stop the charging of battery pack.To on operating terminal, see 100% electric charge although this means the jockey of bicycle, never can be with batteries charging to complete 100%.Can not be charged to 100% fully in order to increase its battery pack in service life.
Under the situation that bicycle is used, BMS will measure the temperature of battery pack.Calculate the maximum discharge current of that moment battery pack and the result is delivered to MMU according to this measurement BMS.Battery pack will be discharged in the process of riding.Use the Ah-counting machine, BMS measures the magnitude of current of electric charge in any moment battery pack.If the battery pack electric charge drops to peaked 10% when following, BMS will transmit to MMU must limited information relevant for maximum current.Be lower than under 5% the electric charge, BMS will transmit to MMU must cut information relevant for motor, and will in fact be stopped by opening relay switch from the electric power that battery pack is supplied to motor.In the situation that battery pack is recharged, BMS will detect charger and connect.If it is peaked 70% that the battery pack electric charge is lower than, will be battery charge, between charge period, determine the electric charge of battery pack by the Ah-counting machine.BMS greater than 95% time will stop charging when the electric charge of battery pack.
Under the situation that bicycle is used when reaching above-mentioned appointment limit value, BMS will produce the signal that must cut off motor for MNU therein.If BMS has measured the battery pack electric charge in (and in fact being lower than 5%) more than 5%, such situation can occur: the voltage difference between two row's batteries is big (overbalance) too; The temperature of battery pack is too high or too low; Or battery failure.When BMS determines that the electric charge meter is not correct, perhaps when two string battery pack are unbalanced, BMS will make battery pack balancing.If ambient temperature causes the temperature of battery pack too high or too low, as long as this state continuance, BMS will not allow to use battery pack.If BMS determines battery failure, will this situation be passed to the jockey by the mis-information that shows on the operating terminal.Additional thrust is no longer operated in this case.
In order to realize the appropriate balance between the battery strings or to calibrate the electric charge meter again, the situation of battery pack balancing also can appear making.Too big voltage difference, (3) that three standards of beginning equalization are (1) BMS has measured between the two string battery pack during not having battery pack under the situation of equalization to be recharged 20 times, (2) normal running in system have reached the minimum voltage value during normal running.Be used to make that the method for battery pack equalization is not carry out enough to charge normal the cycle for a long time before voltage or temperature reach (predetermined value) dV/dt, dT/dt.If battery pack (cross cold or) is overheated, before realizing full charge, will stops charging, and reach and to begin charging once more during the reception value in temperature.If the over-cooled words of battery pack will not begin charging.The electric charge meter of BMS will be made as 100% after the equalization circulation.The rated capacity of battery pack is used for determining charge condition.Yet under the influence of battery pack " wearing out ", actual capacity will be lower than rated capacity after using one period.The capacity that must calibrate BMS again is to prevent causing battery pack to be discharged too much owing to this less actual capacity.The described calibration again of execution as described below.After reaching minimum voltage, BMS keeps performed equalization on-cycle quantity.BMS infers that therefrom ought (successively) three equalization circulation time actual battery pool-sizes take place has reduced.BMS will reduce 5% predetermined volumes then.When BMS the actual capacity of battery pack has been decreased to be lower than original rated capacity 70% the time replaceable battery group.This will indicate by the mis-information in the read-out of operating terminal.
Adaptor union 170 (Figure 11) is connected with adaptor union 150 (Figure 10).This adaptor union is made of three electric wires, one+24 volts, one 0 volt of grounding jumper and an electric wire that is used for data bus.Described data bus electric wire is connected with the communication module 161 that is directly connected in control unit 160.The measurement mechanism 162 of flesh propulsive effort that is used to measure the jockey of bicycle also is connected in control unit 160.According to the data that come from communicator 161 and measurement mechanism 162, control setup determines to supply how much electric power by motor.Control setup 160 also receives data from three Hall elements of brushless three-phase motor 166 for this reason.The current measuring device 167 and the bridge driving device 163 that are connected in control setup 160 also are provided.Bridge driving device 163 drives and comprises the transistorized so-called H-bridge of six MOS-FET (metal-oxide-semiconductor fieldeffect transistor).Each FET (field effect transister) all be N-FET (field effect transister) and can be by individual drive so that can realize the best traveling comfort of riding.H-bridge 164 is connected with brushless three-phase motor 166.
If bicycle is connected with the computer that is positioned at bicycle repairer or dealer place, the latter will use a kind of method to carry out maintenance on bicycle.He uses the software program (Figure 12) with multiple possibility for this reason.The selectable three kinds of options of dealer in step 198, in the main display 198 of computer program, have been shown.Option one-" having prepared to ride and transport " given directions dealer's step 171, wherein demonstrate bicycle and must be connected to computer on read-out, and it will carry out this step.After bicycle is connected in computer, the program in 172 will require to import for example bicycle car owner's postcode and dwelling house number.Demonstrate such as " postcode and dwelling house number ", " sales date " and data such as " the wastage in bulk or weight capacity of battery pack " at step 173 read-out then.These data can be by reading in software check and correction or the electronic machine from be installed on bicycle.In the situation of data " accumulation battery pack use ", computing machine will be sought and the contacting of PMU by data bus, described PMU with this data supply to computer.Input " car owner's name " in following steps 174, printable afterwards letter of assurance is also optionally faxed in step 175.Send the information of the described program of successful execution in step 176 afterwards, and the dealer turns back to main menu.
From main menu 198, second option is " stop off, fault and repairing " option.Here in step 177, on read-out, demonstrate and bicycle must be connected in computer.Computer is carried out test in step 178 then, comprises and PMU, MMU and the relevant self test of operating terminal.In step 197, demonstrate to have found fault whether then, and show come from the bicycle such as " car owner's postcode and dwelling house number ", " milimeter number " and data such as " the accumulation battery pack are used ".In step 180, demonstrate rational behavior then, such as " replacing operating terminal ", " increase operating terminal " or " replacing battery pack ".Because operating terminal can be equipped with special purpose system, with inoperation, the correct data that therefore stores the proper operation electronics in bicycle is important at the electronic machine that does not have bicycle under the situation of special purpose system.If bicycle must use a plurality of operating terminals, auxiliary data can be organized in the bicycle.Existing operating terminal is disposed on the bicycle now and indicates this operating terminal of withdraw from use on this bicycle in step 181.Except that step 181, the dealer turns back to step 180, can select " increase operating terminal " option afterwards.The second control read out instrument is connected and indicates with the data bus of bicycle in step 186 can increase this operating terminal.The dealer turns back to step 180 after step 186, and he can select " replacing battery pack " option in step 180.If the dealer selects " replacing battery pack " option, the data that will have battery pack in step 188 now are deposited among the PC.For example demonstrating progress indication or information here " please wait ".Computer screen shows the replaceable battery group in step 189 then, can click " continuation " afterwards.Change batteries management system for the data recomposition batteries management system of new battery pack or with battery pack.
Open another option from main menu 198, described option is " bicycle advances software and setting ".Computer screen demonstrates and bicycle must be connected in computer in step 182.After bicycle was connected in computer, the dealer can select in three menu options from step 183." revise bicycle car owner data " at selection first menu option and afterwards, can in step 184, import the new data relevant with the bicycle car owner.In step 185, these data are stored in the bicycle and optionally are stored on computers the document.Then will be on computer screen the options menu of step display 183.Second option in the menu is " reading the software version bicycle advances ".After having selected this menu option, in step 187, in computer screen, demonstrate the software version that bicycle advances.The dealer turns back to menu in step 183 then, and wherein the 3rd option is " depositing new software bicycle in bicycle in advances ".After having selected this menu option, in step 190, select new software version and it is downloaded in the bicycle.New software version for example can be with respect to the different ratios between muscle power and the motor thrust, or with respect to all different parameters of heart rate or wind speed etc. as has been described above.
If the data bus of bicycle is connected with computer and computer software is set in the main menu, can use another option.This is the option that is used to show the bicycle data.In step 192, can specify a part of bicycle.If for example specified portions " customer's card " has illustrated the data relevant with bicycle and car owner in step 194 subsequently.Here also can imagine " postcode ", " dwelling house number " and " milimeter number " or " the accumulation battery pack is used ".In step 194, also can turn back to 192.If in 192, specify operating terminal, the data of bringing into use operating terminal have been shown in step 195.Step 195 also allows a mouse click to turn back to step 192.If click battery pack, in step 196, illustrated such as data up to that battery pack such as " the accumulation battery pack are used " constantly in step 192.After selecting to turn back to step 192, in 192, for example still can select motor, in step 197, on computer screen, show about the motor type in the motor management system or the data of software version afterwards.Can click then and turn back to step 192.At last, in this embodiment, have the option that from main menu 191, quits a program, in step 193 (" really wanting to quit a program "), can select " YES (being) " or " NO, RETURN TO MAIN MENU (, not turning back to main menu) " afterwards.

Claims (46)

1. bicycle comprises:
-vehicle frame,
-be installed on one or more wheels on the vehicle frame in rotating mode by wheel shaft,
-be used for completely or partially by means of the actuating device of manpower by the actuator drives wheel,
-it is characterized in that the additional thrust of power supply and/or actuating device forms part and is installed in the bicycle in the mode of can't see from the outside as far as possible or on the bicycle.
2. the bicycle described in claim 1 is characterized in that, battery pack is installed among the person in charge of vehicle frame.
3. the bicycle described in claim 2 is characterized in that, is used to the described first control device of batteries charging to be installed in the vehicle frame.
4. the bicycle described in claim 3 is characterized in that, the closure elements that first control device seals the person in charge with battery pack and being used for is installed in vehicle frame.
5. the bicycle described in claim 2,3 or 4 is characterized in that described first control device also is suitable for controlling the discharge of battery pack.
6. any described bicycle in the claim as described above is equipped with outside first charging unit that is used to batteries charging, and described outside first charging unit can be connected with battery pack and/or control setup.
7. the bicycle described in claim 6 is equipped with second charging unit, and described second charging unit has and is easy to the size and the weight of being carried by the jockey.
8. or multinomial described bicycle in the claim as described above is characterized in that additional thrust comprises electric hub motor.
9. the bicycle described in claim 8 is characterized in that, electric hub motor is equipped with the transmission system with two or more gears, and described transmission system preferably includes one or more planetary gear systems.
10. or multinomial described bicycle in the claim as described above is provided with the groove that is arranged in wheel shaft that electric hub motor is installed therein, and described groove extends to vehicle frame so that from the inner straight electric wire of hub motor to vehicle frame from electric hub motor at least.
11. in the claim or multinomial described bicycle as described above are equipped with the pulse width modulation device that is used for being lower than under the voltage of battery pack (6 volts of voltages that for example are used for lighting voltage) to partial power supply electric power.
12. in the claim or multinomial described bicycle are equipped with the measurement mechanism that is used to measure jockey's muscle propulsive effort as described above, and are used for the second control device according to measured jockey's muscle power control additional thrust power.
13. in the claim or multinomial described bicycle are equipped with the data bus that is connected with measurement mechanism, first control device, second control device, data input unit and/or data output device as described above.
14. the bicycle described in claim 13 is equipped with the adaptor union that is used to connect external computer and/or service terminal, so that maintenance.
15. in the claim or multinomial described bicycle as described above comprise discharging and/or the radio operation terminal of other functions of being used to block/remove retardance actuating device and bicycle.
16. in the claim or multinomial described bicycle as described above, it is characterized in that, described battery pack comprises two or more parts, described part for example all is applicable to 6 or 12 volts voltage, described part interconnects with in parallel and series connection dual mode, and the mode that can be connected in series simultaneously of therefore can charging is in parallel carried out the power supply supply of additional thrust.
17., also comprise the shifter that is used for switching to electrical generator from motor as one among the claim 8-16 or multinomial described bicycle.
18. in the claim or multinomial described bicycle comprise that also the lead by the groove in the wheel shaft through feeds as described above.
19. the bicycle described in claim 18 is characterized in that, on the downside of groove described in the confined state of wheel shaft at wheel shaft and can pass electric wire that electric wire supplies with and be directed out wheel shaft between hub and the vehicle frame.
20. the bicycle described in claim 11 is characterized in that, pulse width modulation device is about 6 volts voltage with about 24 volts voltage transitions.
21. in the claim or multinomial described bicycle is characterized in that as described above, described battery pack comprises two or more parts that same electrical is pressed.
22. have the computer that is used for the software that is connected with data bus, described computer is used for the data bus transmission data of the bicycle described in the Accessory Right requirement 1-21 and/or transmits data in described data bus.
23. the computer described in claim 22 also is equipped with and is used to upgrade and revises the control setup of the bicycle described in the claim 1-21 and/or the software of measurement mechanism software.
24. be used to use a kind of method of servo-motor propelled bicycles, said method comprising the steps of:
-measure jockey's the power of pedaling of stepping on,
-control motor in order to supply a certain amount of propulsive force from motor, the amount of described propulsive force is jockey's a percentum of stepping on the power of pedaling.
25. the method described in claim 24 also comprises according to such as the step of external factors such as jockey's condition and/or weather condition control from the power of motor supply.
26. the method described in claim 24 or 25 is applicable to one or multinomial described device among the claim 1-21.
27. be used for pipe is folded into two-part pipe pivoting device, described pipe pivoting device comprises:
Two first hooking devices in-the first tube portion are used for being hooked in two second hooking devices of cooperating with first hooking device of second tube portion,
-dissoluble anchor fitting is used for by force the spring installation and the first and second hooking device integrators, and
-wherein, in the state of closure, hooking device and dissoluble anchor fitting are disposed in the pipe in the mode of can't see from the outside.
28. the pipe pivoting device described in claim 27 comprises the handling device that is used to handle described anchor fitting.
29. the pipe pivoting device described in claim 27 or 28 also comprises at least one hinge, described hinge comprises the link pin that is used for the rotation of feasible pipe pivoting device.
30. the pipe pivoting device described in claim 27,28 or 29 also comprises being used to promote the separately spring installation of first and second hooking devices.
31. the pipe pivoting device described in claim 27-30, it is characterized in that, described spring installation is a coil spring, so that promote separately link pin, spring installation and hooking device when described anchor fitting is loosened, and anchor fitting is integrated hooking device and spring by force when described anchor fitting is fixed.
32., also comprise the bearing wheel that is used to support cycle frame as one among the claim 27-31 or multinomial described pipe pivoting device.
33., comprise as one among the claim 27-32 or multinomial described pipe pivoting device as one among the claim 1-21 or multinomial described bicycle.
34. comprise the folding bicycle of at least two wheels and comprise vehicle frame as one among the claim 27-32 or multinomial described pipe pivoting device.
35. the folding bicycle described in claim 34 also comprises the bearing wheel that is used for the bicycle under the supported folding state, described bearing wheel is installed on the vehicle frame.
36. be used for using claim 22 or 23 described computers as carrying out the method for maintenance on one of claim 1-21 or the multinomial described bicycle, may further comprise the steps: from bicycle, in computer, transmit data, analyze described data and carry out maintenance according to analysis result.
37. the method described in claim 36 is characterized in that, described maintenance comprises the replacing battery pack.
38. the method described in claim 36 is characterized in that, described maintenance comprises the data in the storage device of revising bicycle.
39. the wheel shaft mounting device comprises:
-be fixedly mounted in the first on the vehicle frame; And
-can be installed in the first so that with respect to bicycle from the front second portion to the back displacement.
40. the wheel shaft mounting device described in claim 39 is characterized in that, described first has at least one flat side that is used to receive second portion, and second portion has the flat side that at least one is used to receive first.
41., comprise the wheel shaft mounting device described in claim 39 or 40 as one among the claim 1-21 or multinomial described bicycle.
42. be used for mechanically or drive electrically the actuating device of the component part that is connected in saddle.
43. the actuating device described in claim 42 comprises:
-be used to block the means of retardation of saddle,
-be used to loosen the handling device of saddle, and
Be used for upwards promoting the spring of saddle.
44. the actuating device described in claim 42 comprises:
-be used for drive electric motor,
-be used for the handling device of switching motor.
45., comprise the actuating device described in claim 42,43 or 44 as one among the claim 1-21 or multinomial described bicycle.
46. in the claim or multinomial described bicycle is characterized in that as described above, described battery pack comprises by a plurality of elements of thin plastic body leak free.
CNA028208862A 2001-09-13 2002-09-13 Cycle with auxiliary propulsion Pending CN1575240A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1018948 2001-09-13
NL1018948A NL1018948C2 (en) 2001-09-13 2001-09-13 Bicycle with auxiliary drive.

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CN1575240A true CN1575240A (en) 2005-02-02

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JP (1) JP2005502531A (en)
CN (1) CN1575240A (en)
AT (1) ATE318752T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2002327117A1 (en)
CA (1) CA2459776A1 (en)
DE (1) DE60209510T3 (en)
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CA2459776A1 (en) 2003-03-20
DK1425211T3 (en) 2006-05-15
DK1425211T4 (en) 2012-01-23
EP1425211A2 (en) 2004-06-09
EP1425211B2 (en) 2011-09-21
NL1018948A1 (en) 2003-03-18
AU2002327117A1 (en) 2003-03-24
DE60209510T2 (en) 2006-09-28
WO2003022671A2 (en) 2003-03-20
EP1425211B1 (en) 2006-03-01
ATE318752T1 (en) 2006-03-15
DE60209510T3 (en) 2011-12-22
DE60209510D1 (en) 2006-04-27
NL1018948C2 (en) 2003-03-20
WO2003022671A3 (en) 2003-08-21
US20050029033A1 (en) 2005-02-10
JP2005502531A (en) 2005-01-27

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