CN1498528A

CN1498528A - Method for inducting watermelon bud to tetraploid

Info

Publication number: CN1498528A
Application number: CNA021467439A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 焦定量; 段爱民; 张艳宁
Original assignee: TIANJIN KERNEL VEGETABLE RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Current assignee: TIANJIN KERNEL VEGETABLE RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Priority date: 2002-11-06
Filing date: 2002-11-06
Publication date: 2004-05-26

Abstract

A method for mutagenizing the leaf bud of watermelon to become tetraploid includes cutting off the caulicle from the base of seed leaf when the seedling of watermelon has 2 leaves and one core, preparing the liquid mixture of colchicin, water and lanolin, coating it on the axially buds when they are just grown out, covering by plastic film while shielding 50% of sunlight within the first 5 days to control temp to 25 deg.C, and removing the shielding to sunlight to control temp to 30-35 deg.C. Its advantages are high mutagenic rate, and low pollution.

Description

Watermelon leaf bud mutagenesis tetraploid method

Affiliated field:

The invention belongs to a kind of cultivating method of fruits and vegetables, particularly a kind of watermelon leaf bud mutagenesis tetraploid method.

Background technology:

The method of body of at present will common diploid watermelon mutagenesis quadrupling mainly contains following four kinds: 1. method for soaking seed: the seed that will handle should soak 5-6 hour in disinfectant earlier, be placed on again in the colchicine solution of 0.1-0.2 and soaked 48 hours, place vernalization under the condition about 35C, sowing then.During processing since watermelon seed be radicle growth, and terminal bud also not the growth, so lure the probability of the body that quadruples minimum, do not adopt substantially at present.2, plumule is inverted the stain method of overflowing: earlier with presprouting of seeds, when radicle grows to about 1 centimetre, when cotyledon has just revealed, cotyledon continuous cropping skin is immersed in the colchicine solution of 0.2-0.4%, the tip of a root, is placed on 30 ℃ and handled 10-24 hour down with wet cloth towards lid.Handle the back with clear water towards 1-2 hour.Overflow because the growth of the growing point of this moment is slow, and be disposable processing, so induced mutation rate is also very low, there be limited evidence currently of has human.3, pluck the seedling method: launch at seedling cotyledon.It is right that true leaf does not occur as yet, with dropper the colchicine solution of 0.2-0.4% is dripped and soaks seedling apical point, every day sooner or later each once, each 1, continuous 4 days.When this kind method is handled, requirement must have a drops physic liquor attached on the growing point, difficulty is bigger like this, because growing point is being wrapped by spire, soup will flow down along spire during processing, therefore has the people just to peel off spire, handles with the method for exposed growing point, even but soup hangs on the growing point, but wind or illumination all evaporate easily.Thereby reduce greatly the time that medicine is handled, induced mutation rate only is 0.5-1%; Therefore have the people to encase growing point with cotton balls again, to increase the medicine processing time, like this in that to handle the same day effective, and next day because the growth of spire will be pushed up cotton and be left growing point, treatment effect is just poorer like this, induced mutation rate is also failed increase.4, semar technique; Colchicine solution 4-6 milliliter with 1% and 10 gram wool fat fully mix makes colchicin wool fat, when the watermelon seedling cotyledon launches, when true leaf does not occur as yet, intermixture is coated on the growing point a little, and intermixture and growing point are connected airtight.This kind method time and labour saving, but because intermixture is too rare, be difficult to be detained for a long time on the growing point, often Yin Wendu raises and flows down, handle seedling in addition after poisoning increase, cause the dead seedling of 60-80%, therefore also greatly reduce induced mutation rate, thereby on producing, use seldom.

Summary of the invention:

Purpose of the present invention just is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, and provides a kind of easy to operate, can operate in a large number, and the watermelon mutagenesis tetraploid method that induced mutation rate is high is with the more recessed times of topic breeding material of mutagenesis, for the aspermous watermelon breeding lays the first stone.

Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of watermelon leaf bud mutagenesis body method that quadruples, it is characterized in that: when handling watermelon seedling three leaves wholeheartedly the time, excise young stem at the cotyledon base portion, when the young shoot for the treatment of two cotyledon base portions has just appeared, use lanolin mixed liquor, spread upon on the axillalry bud of cotyledon and get final product by colchicin, water and lanolin mixed preparing; After the processing preceding 5 days cover, and with the shading of sunshade net 50%, temperature is controlled at 25 ℃ with plastics; Removed the sunshade net in 5 days later on, temperature is controlled at 30-35 ℃.

Above-mentioned colchicin, water and lanolin are pressed the preparation of column weight amount proportioning: colchicin 1-2 part, water 5-10 part, lanolin 150-300 part

Advantage of the present invention is: one, handle than seedling drop method and 1. save medication more than 80%.2. recruitment only is 1/4 of a seedling drop method.2. induced mutation rate increases by 4 times.Be 3-5%.4. reduce environmental pollution.6. enlarge and handle colony.Two, more common semar technique: 1. reduce poisoning more than 80%.2. increase by 1 times of mutagenesis probability.2. induced mutation rate improves 5-10 doubly.

Embodiment:

A kind of watermelon leaf bud mutagenesis body method that quadruples, it is characterized in that: when handling watermelon seedling three leaves wholeheartedly the time, excise young stem at the cotyledon base portion, when the young shoot for the treatment of two cotyledon base portions has just appeared, use lanolin mixed liquor, spread upon on the axillalry bud of cotyledon and get final product by colchicin 1 gram, 50 milliliters in water and lanolin 150 gram mixed preparing; Handle preceding 5 days cover, and with the shading of sunshade net 50%, temperature is controlled at 25 ℃ with plastics; Removed the sunshade net in 5 days later on, temperature is controlled at 30-35 ℃.

Claims

1, a kind of watermelon leaf bud mutagenesis body method that quadruples, it is characterized in that: when handling watermelon seedling three leaves wholeheartedly the time, excise young stem at the cotyledon base portion, when the young shoot for the treatment of two cotyledon base portions has just appeared, use lanolin mixed liquor, spread upon on the axillalry bud of cotyledon and get final product by colchicin, water and lanolin mixed preparing; After the processing preceding 5 days cover, and with the shading of sunshade net 50%, temperature is controlled at 25 ℃ with plastics; Removed the sunshade net in 5 days later on, temperature is controlled at 30-35 ℃.

2, the watermelon leaf bud according to claim 1 mutagenesis body method that quadruples is characterized in that: above-mentioned colchicin, water and lanolin are pressed the preparation of column weight amount proportioning: colchicin 1-2 part, water 5-10 part, lanolin 150-300 part