CN1481432A - 含烃馏分、乙醇、水和包括含氮表面活性剂和醇的添加剂的微乳液燃料 - Google Patents
含烃馏分、乙醇、水和包括含氮表面活性剂和醇的添加剂的微乳液燃料 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1481432A CN1481432A CNA018206255A CN01820625A CN1481432A CN 1481432 A CN1481432 A CN 1481432A CN A018206255 A CNA018206255 A CN A018206255A CN 01820625 A CN01820625 A CN 01820625A CN 1481432 A CN1481432 A CN 1481432A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- formula
- carbon atom
- additive
- alcohol
- composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title abstract description 34
- 239000004530 micro-emulsion Substances 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 22
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DFPAKSUCGFBDDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nicotinamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 DFPAKSUCGFBDDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 ether amine Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 17
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229960004756 ethanol Drugs 0.000 description 21
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 5
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 3
- XMVBHZBLHNOQON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butyl-1-octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCC(CO)CCCC XMVBHZBLHNOQON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical group C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229960000935 dehydrated alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- JKTAIYGNOFSMCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-di(nonyl)phenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC(O)=C1CCCCCCCCC JKTAIYGNOFSMCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IXKVYSRDIVLASR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dioctylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC(O)=C1CCCCCCCC IXKVYSRDIVLASR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DUIOKRXOKLLURE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-octylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O DUIOKRXOKLLURE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWDBEAQIHAEVLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methylheptan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCO BWDBEAQIHAEVLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[CH]O Chemical group C[CH]O GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005632 Capric acid (CAS 334-48-5) Substances 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005529 alkyleneoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007046 ethoxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002816 fuel additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002811 oleoyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C([H])=C([H])\C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
- C09K23/017—Mixtures of compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
- C09K23/16—Amines or polyamines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/32—Liquid carbonaceous fuels consisting of coal-oil suspensions or aqueous emulsions or oil emulsions
- C10L1/328—Oil emulsions containing water or any other hydrophilic phase
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
- C10L1/1233—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof
- C10L1/125—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/182—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof
- C10L1/1822—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms
- C10L1/1824—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms mono-hydroxy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
- C10L1/2222—(cyclo)aliphatic amines; polyamines (no macromolecular substituent 30C); quaternair ammonium compounds; carbamates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
- C10L1/2222—(cyclo)aliphatic amines; polyamines (no macromolecular substituent 30C); quaternair ammonium compounds; carbamates
- C10L1/2225—(cyclo)aliphatic amines; polyamines (no macromolecular substituent 30C); quaternair ammonium compounds; carbamates hydroxy containing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
- C10L1/224—Amides; Imides carboxylic acid amides, imides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/23—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one nitrogen-to-oxygen bond, e.g. nitro-compounds, nitrates, nitrites
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及具有均匀液相的含水燃料组合物,即所谓的微乳液,其含有液体烃馏分、乙醇和具有乳化和增溶能力的添加剂。该组合物包括a)70-95wt%的沸点在130-425℃范围内的烃馏分;b)2-25wt%的乙醇;c)0.002-0.8wt%的水,和d)0.2-25wt%的添加剂,该添加剂包括:5-100wt%的下式的含氮表面活性剂如胺表面活性剂、醚胺表面活性剂、氧化胺表面活性剂和酰氨基表面活性剂,和任选地具有5-24个碳原子的烃基的醇。添加剂优选包括5-90wt%的含氮表面活性剂和10-95wt%的醇。该组合物可长期储存,可用作柴油机的燃料。
Description
本发明涉及具有均匀液相的含水燃料组合物,即所谓的微乳液,其含有液体烃馏分、乙醇和具有乳化和增溶能力的添加剂。
为了减少对矿物油(它是一种不可再生能源)的依赖性,已开发出混合的组合物例如用作内燃机用燃料。在许多这样的燃料组合物中,部分烃馏分已被含水乙醇或无水乙醇替代。但是当柴油和无水乙醇掺混形成溶液时,甚至极低含量的水的存在也会引起烃相与乙醇/水相的分离。在较低温度下,相分离的倾向显著增加。因此,重要的是在燃料可能暴露的整个温度范围内保持燃料处于均匀的液相。
在这些年中,已提出许多方法来增加含有含水乙醇和烃的混合燃料的稳定性。于是,EP-A1-89147披露了含液体烃、乙醇和水以及作为乳化剂的聚醚聚苯乙烯嵌段共聚物的粗乳状液。然而,这种乳液的稳定性存在局限性,当启动或运转内燃机时,甚至微小的分离可引起干扰,或当燃烧时,引起排放,例如一氧化碳和有机物质的排放的增加。
EP-A1-475620披露了含烃馏分、水和任选地含乙醇的微乳液柴油燃料。为了在水相和烃馏分之间形成微乳液,加入亲水表面活性剂和和亲脂表面活性剂的掺混物,特别地加入磺酸盐和乙氧基化物的混合物。这一燃料需要大量的表面活性剂,而且对温度变化相当敏感。
德温特摘要,登记号1983-19166K,第8308周的58008793公开了在含乙醇和烃类燃料油的混合燃料中使用C3或更高级的一元醇如辛醇和癸醇。尽管这些醇在大的温度范围内具有高度形成微乳液的能力,但所得燃料具有不良的润滑和腐蚀效果。
在US4504276中公开了在烃类液体中适于乳化甲醇或乙醇的表面活性剂组合物,该表面活性剂组合物是i)嵌段和接枝共聚物和ii)脂族氨基化合物和长链脂族羧酸的盐的掺混物。在掺混物15-18中,盐包含具有8-18个碳原子范围内的脂族基团的氨基化合物。然而,在任何掺混物15-18用作润滑剂的所有工作实施例中,形成粗乳状液,其在储存时会分离。
巴西专利申请PI9804481-8公开了一种用于混合醇和烃的燃料添加剂组合物,以改进燃料对湿度和分散水的耐受度并改进稳定性。该添加剂组合物包括90-100%至少两种选自下述的化合物:a)具有12-20个碳原子的脂肪酸,b)特定的多胺,c)特定的聚乙二醇的脂肪族酯,d)含有亲水和亲脂部位的某些化合物,和e)某些十六烷指数活化物质。在工作实施例中的混合燃料看起来是粗乳状液。
现已发现,通过具有均匀液相的燃料组合物,即含下述物质的微乳液,可基本上避免现有技术的燃料组合物的上述缺点:a)70-95wt%,优选75-92wt%的沸点在130-425℃范围内的烃馏分,b)2-25wt%,优选5-15wt%的乙醇,c)0.002-1.2wt%,优选0.002-0.8wt%,和最优选0.002-0.4wt%的水,和d)0.2-25wt%,优选0.5-15wt%的添加剂,该添加剂包括:i)5-100wt%,优选5-90wt%,和最优选10-50wt%的下式的含氮表面活性剂:其中A是2-3个碳原子的亚烷氧基(alkyleneoxy),n是0-4,p是2-3的数,m为0-3,R是8-22,优选12-20个碳原子的脂族基团或酰基,或基团R2O(A)nR3,其中是R2是8-22个碳原子的脂族基团,R3是基团CpH2p,其中p具有上述的含义,或基团CH2CH(OH)CH2,A与n具有上述的含义,Y是1-4个碳原子的烷基或基团(A)nH,其中A与n具有上述的含义,B是基团→O和v是0或1,前提是若v是1,则Y不能是氢,X是基团:其中A,p和n具有上述的含义,和r是0-2,前提是若m为0,则r必须为0;式I中所有n之和为0-5,和ii)0-95wt%,优选10-95wt%,和最优选50-90wt%的下式的醇:
ROH (II)其中R是具有5-24个碳原子的烃基,优选具有8-14个碳原子的脂族基团。
本发明的燃料组合物在大的温度范围内稳定,和液体烃馏分、乙醇和水的混合物甚至在低温下以均相形式,即微乳液形式存在。因此,该组合物可在所述温度范围内储存长的时间段,而没有任何相分离的危险。由于液体烃部分、乙醇和水的混合物具有微乳液的形式,而不是粗乳状液的形式,因此不需要加入稳定聚合物如在US4504276或接枝聚合物。该组合物可有利地用作燃料,特别地作为内燃机用燃料,其常经历相当大的温度变化。
例如,可在远低于-20℃的温度下形成烃与水之间的微乳液,尽管在许多情况下,低至5℃或0℃时微乳液的存在可以是令人满意的。另外,本发明的组合物具有优异的防蚀和润滑性能,且这些性能已在柴油机试验中得到证明。认为这些性能取决于含氮表面活性剂的存在,所述含氮表面活性剂通过氮原子微弱地连接到例如柴油机内的金属表面上。表面活性剂的疏水部分然后可赋予润滑和腐蚀-抑制性能。
添加剂具有在烃馏分、乙醇与水之间形成透明溶液(微乳液)的良好能力。在高温下,例如在5℃至25℃之间,相对于乙醇和水的用量来说,形成微乳液所需要的添加剂量低。在较低温度下,例如在-5℃至-25℃之间,必须增加添加剂的量或作为变通,必须降低乙醇和/或水的量。
式I的合适的表面活性剂是具有下式的胺表面活性剂:和/或其中R是具有8-22个碳原子的脂族基团,A是具有2-3个碳原子的亚烷氧基,p为2或3,优选3,m为0-3,n为0-4,所有n之和为0-5,和r为1或2;或下式的氧化胺表面活性剂:其中R是具有8-22个碳原子的脂族基团,R1与R2是具有1-4个碳原子的烷基,优选甲基,或具有2-4个碳原子的羟烷基,例如羟乙基;或在Ia、Ib或Ic中定义的任何一种表面活性剂的混合物。
式I的其它合适的表面活性剂是下式的醚胺表面活性剂:其中R是具有8-22个碳原子的脂族基团,和R3、A、n、p和m具有与式I中相同的含义。特别优选的化合物是其中R是12-20个碳原子的脂族基团,p为3,m为0-2和n为0-2,所有n之和为0-2的那些化合物。
式I的又一合适的表面活性剂是下式的酰胺表面活性剂:其中R是8-22,优选12-20个碳原子的酰基,m为0-2,n是0-2的数,所有n之和为0-2,和A与p具有与式I中相同的含义。优选p为3和m为1。
根据本发明,可常有利地从不同的基团结合化合物。因此,已在试验中证明式II的醇和式I的含氮表面活性剂(如式Ia、Ib、Ic、Id和Ie的表面活性剂)的混合物具有增溶效果。式II的醇的用量优选为10-95wt%,更优选为50-90wt%,和式I的含氮表面活性剂的用量优选占混合物的5-90wt%,更优选为10-50wt%。这种混合物的实例是与式Ia的化合物(其中m为0或1,R是16-20个碳原子的脂族基团和∑n为1-5)、式Ib的化合物(其中r为1)或式Id的化合物(其中n为0和R3是C3H6)结合的式II的醇(其中R优选为8-13个碳原子的脂族基团)。
式II的醇可以是烷基取代的苯酚,如辛基苯酚、二辛基苯酚、壬基苯酚和二壬基苯酚。由于环境因素,优选含脂族基团的醇。脂族基团通常具有5-22,优选8-14个碳原子。
合适的式II的醇(其中R是脂族基团)的实例是正辛醇、异辛醇、2-位支化的伯醇如2-乙基己醇、2-丙基庚醇和2-丁基辛醇、癸醇、十二烷醇、甲基-支化的C9-C13醇、棕榈脂肪醇、菜籽脂肪醇、椰油脂肪醇和牛油脂肪醇。在式Ia、Ib、Ic和Id的化合物中,基团R可以是衍生于上述脂肪醇、油基、2-乙基己基、异辛基、正辛基、正癸基、2-丙基庚基、2-丁基辛基和具有9-13个碳原子的甲基-取代的烷基中的脂族基团。式Ie中的酰基合适地为衍生于脂肪酸或合成酸如癸酸、十二烷酸、棕榈脂肪酸、椰油脂肪酸、菜籽脂肪酸和牛油脂肪酸中的酰基。
在式I中,符号m和r分别优选0或1和1。符号n优选0,当m为0和R是8-14个碳原子的脂族基团时。当m为1-3,r为1-2,和R是具有15-22,优选16-20个碳原子的脂族基团时,所有n之和优选1-5。亚烷氧基A优选亚乙氧基(ethyleneoxy),尽管为了调节化合物或混合物的HLB-值,一个或更多个A基团可以是亚丙氧基(propyleneoxy)。
除了主要组分之外,组合物也可含有其它常规添加剂,如腐蚀抑制剂、粘度改进剂、润滑改进添加剂、十六烷值增加添加剂、表面张力降低剂和燃烧改进剂以及其它增溶剂。过氧化物化合物的存在也可影响本发明组合物的稳定性。
通过下述工作实施例进一步阐述本发明。
实施例
通过混合适于用作柴油燃料的烃馏分、含水乙醇和乳化添加剂和增溶添加剂,制备本发明的燃料组合物以及许多对比的燃料组合物。所添加的添加剂如下。
表I 实施例中使用的添加剂
No. | 添加剂 |
1 | 分子式Ia,R=椰油烷基,n=0,m=0 |
2 | 分子式Ia,R=牛油烷基,∑n=2,m=0,A=亚乙氧基 |
3 | 式Ia,R=牛油烷基,∑n=3,m=1,A=亚乙氧基 |
4 | 式Ic,R=椰油烷基,R1=R2=甲基 |
5 | 式Ia,R=油基,Σn=2,m=0,A=亚乙氧基 |
6 | 式Ia,R=椰油烷基,Σn=2,m=0,A=亚丙氧基 |
7 | 式II,R=2-乙基己基 |
8 | 式Ie,R=油酰基,p=3,A=亚乙氧基,n=1和0,Σn=1,m=1 |
9 | 式II,R=十二烷基 |
10 | 式II,C9-C11醇 |
11 | 式Ia,R=椰油烷基,∑n=2,m=0,A=亚乙氧基 |
12 | 每摩尔醇用2摩尔环氧乙烷乙氧基化的C12-C16醇 |
13 | 式Ib,R=牛油烷基,r=1和∑n=0 |
14 | 式Id,R=2-乙基己基,n=0,m=0,R3=C3H6 |
15 | 式Id,R=癸基,n=0,m=0,R3=C3H6 |
16 | 式Id,R=C8-C10烷基,n=0,m=0,R3=C3H6 |
17 | 式Id,R=十四烷基,n=0,m=1,p=3 |
18 | 式Id,R=2-乙基己基,n=1,∑n=1,A=连接到氮原子上的亚丙氧基,m=0,R3=C3H6 |
19 | C3H6OH |
20 | C11H23O(C2H4O)2H |
实施例1
通过混合含0.04wt%水的含水乙醇、沸点为180-295℃的烃馏分和添加剂,制备燃料组合物。在表II中披露了烃馏分、纯乙醇、水含量和添加剂的用量。测定燃料组合物的浊点。结果亦见表II。
表II 基于含0.04wt%水的乙醇的燃料
组合物 | 添加剂No. | 组成,wt% | 浊点℃ | |||
烃馏分 | 乙醇 | 添加剂 | 水 | |||
A | - | 100 | - | - | - | -36 |
B | - | 89.8 | 10.2 | - | 0.0041 | -2 |
C | 19 | 88.0 | 10.0 | 2.0 | 0.0040 | >-10 |
D | 12 | 88.0 | 10.0 | 2.0 | 0.0040 | -10 |
E | 20 | 88.0 | 10.0 | 2.0 | 0.0040 | -10 |
F | 7 | 88.0 | 10.0 | 2.0 | 0.0040 | -25 |
G | 10 | 88.0 | 10.0 | 2.0 | 0.0040 | -28 |
H | 9 | 88.0 | 10.0 | 2.0 | 0.0040 | -28 |
1 | 1 | 88.0 | 10.0 | 2.0 | 0.0040 | -28 |
2 | 2 | 88.0 | 9.7 | 2.3 | 0.0039 | -23 |
3 | 3 | 89.0 | 8.0 | 3.0 | 0.0032 | -25 |
4 | 4 | 88.0 | 10.0 | 2.0 | 0.0046 | -25 |
5 | 6 | 88.0 | 10.0 | 2.0 | 0.0040 | -25 |
6 | 102 | 88.1 | 9.7 | 1.60.6 | 0.0039 | -31 |
7 | 711 | 88.3 | 9.7 | 1.80.2 | 0.0039 | -29 |
8 | 11 | 88.0 | 9.8 | 2.2 | 0.0039 | -23 |
9 | 75 | 88.0 | 10.0 | 1.01.0 | 0.0040 | -24 |
10 | 75 | 87.0 | 10.0 | 1.51.5 | 0.0040 | -36 |
从这些结果中显而易见地看出,本发明的组合物1-9甚至在非常低的温度下也在烃馏分、乙醇与水之间形成均匀的稳定相。这些组合物因此适合用作柴油燃料。
实施例2
以与实施例1相同的方式,测试许多组合物,以便评价其用作柴油燃料的适宜性。在这些组合物中适于的烃馏分的沸点范围是159-360℃,和由于在烃馏分中沉淀导致的浊点为-12℃。下表III披露了所测试的组合物与所得结果。
表III
组合物 | 添加剂No. | 组成,wt% | 浊点℃ | |||
烃馏分 | 乙醇 | 添加剂 | 水 | |||
I | - | 90 | 10.0 | - | 0.04 | 0 |
K | - | 100 | - | - | - | -12 |
11 | 2 | 90 | 10.0 | 2.0 | 0.04 | -12 |
12 | 8 | 90 | 10.0 | 2.0 | 0.04 | -12 |
13 | 4 | 90 | 10.0 | 2.0 | 0.04 | -12 |
14 | 6 | 90 | 10.0 | 2.0 | 0.04 | -12 |
从这些结果中显而易见地看出,由于本发明添加剂的存在导致在0℃之下形成均相。由于烃馏分在-12℃形成沉淀,所以取决于水与乙醇的存在,在低于-12℃时通过这一方法不可能测定实际的浊点。
实施例3
根据下表IV制备基于实施例1的烃馏分的燃料组合物。测定不同组合物的浊点。所得结果也在下表IV中示出。
表IV 基于含0.07%水的乙醇的组合物
组合物 | 添加剂No. | 组成,wt% | 浊点℃ | |||
烃馏分 | 乙醇 | 添加剂 | 水 | |||
L | 7 | 88.0 | 10.0 | 2.0 | 0.007 | -21 |
15 | 5 | 88.0 | 10.0 | 2.0 | 0.007 | -18 |
16 | 14 | 87.8 | 10.2 | 2.0 | 0.007 | -16 |
17 | 15 | 88.0 | 10.0 | 2.0 | 0.007 | -20 |
18 | 16 | 88.0 | 10.0 | 2.0 | 0.007 | -20 |
19 | 17 | 88.0 | 10.0 | 2.0 | 0.007 | -20 |
20 | 1 | 88.0 | 10.0 | 2.0 | 0.007 | -20 |
21 | 8 | 88.0 | 10.0 | 2.0 | 0.007 | -12 |
22 | 15+7 | 88.0 | 10.0 | 1.0+1.0 | 0.007 | -22 |
23 | 16+7 | 88.0 | 10.0 | 1.0+1.0 | 0.007 | -22 |
24 | 17+7 | 88.0 | 10.0 | 1.0+1.0 | 0.007 | -22 |
25 | 1+7 | 88.0 | 10.0 | 0.5+1.5 | 0.007 | -22 |
26 | 13+7 | 88.0 | 10.0 | 0.5+1.5 | 0.007 | -22 |
27 | 18+7 | 87.6 | 10.4 | 0.5+1.5 | 0.007 | -20 |
28 | 17+7 | 83.0 | 15.0 | 0.5+1.5 | 0.011 | -12 |
29 | 1+7 | 83.0 | 15.0 | 0.5+1.5 | 0.011 | -12 |
30 | 13+7 | 83.0 | 15.0 | 0.5+1.5 | 0.011 | -12 |
31 | 17+7 | 78.0 | 20.0 | 0.5+1.5 | 0.014 | 0 |
32 | 1+7 | 78.0 | 20.0 | 0.5+1.5 | 0.014 | 0 |
33 | 13+7 | 78.0 | 20.0 | 0.5+1.5 | 0.014 | 0 |
从这些结果中显而易见地看出,燃料组合物在低至0℃时,具有形成微乳液的能力。在醇的添加量较低时,浊点显著降低。
实施例4
通过使用含1%水的乙醇制备本发明的燃料组合物。烃馏分与实施例1中的相同。组合物及其浊点在下表V示出。
表V 燃料组合物
组合物 | 添加剂No. | 组成,wt% | 浊点℃ | |||
烃馏分 | 乙醇 | 添加剂 | 水 | |||
34 | 17+7 | 87.4 | 10.5 | 0.5+1.6 | 0.1 | 5 |
35 | 1+7 | 87.4 | 10.5 | 0.5+1.6 | 0.1 | 5 |
36 | 13+7 | 87.4 | 10.5 | 0.5+1.6 | 0.1 | 5 |
37 | 19+7 | 87.4 | 10.5 | 0.5+1.6 | 0.1 | 5 |
从这些结果中显而易见地看出,在水含量约0.1%和乙醇含量刚刚高于10%时,燃料组合物在低至5℃时,以微乳液形式存在。
实施例5
用含2%水的含水乙醇制备本发明的燃料组合物。烃馏分与实施例1中的相同。组合物及其浊点在下表VI示出。
表VI 含2%水的乙醇的燃料
组合物 | 添加剂No. | 组成,wt% | 浊点℃ | |||
烃馏分 | 乙醇 | 添加剂 | 水 | |||
38 | 17+7 | 89.8 | 8.2 | 0.5+1.5 | 0.16 | 15 |
39 | 1+7 | 89.8 | 8.2 | 0.5+1.5 | 0.16 | 15 |
40 | 13+7 | 89.8 | 8.2 | 0.5+1.5 | 0.16 | 15 |
从这些结果中显而易见地看出,水量增加时,浊点也显著增加。
实施例6
制备含实施例1或2的烃馏分和含0.07wt%水的乙醇的五种燃料组合物,并根据ASTM D6079-99,通过高频往复装备(rig)(HFFR)评价其润滑性能。组合物和所得结果在下表VII中示出。
表VII 组合物与润滑
组合物 | 添加剂No. | 组成,wt% | 润滑μm | |||
烃馏分Ex1 Ex2 | 乙醇 | 添加剂 | ||||
M | - | 100.0 | - | - | - | 375 |
N | - | 90.0 | - | 10.0 | - | 386 |
O | - | - | 100.0 | - | - | 374 |
41 | 7+5 | 87.4 | - | 10.0 | 1.3+1.3 | 364 |
42 | 7+5 | - | 88.0 | 10.0 | 1.0+1.0 | 313 |
所得结果清楚地表明本发明的燃料组合物41和42具有优异的润滑性能。
Claims (10)
1.一种组合物,其特征在于它包括含下述物质的均匀液相:a)70-95wt%的沸点在130-425℃范围内的烃馏分,b)2-25wt%的乙醇,c)0.002-1.2wt%的水,和d)0.2-25wt%的添加剂,该添加剂包括:i)5-100wt%的下式的含氮表面活性剂:其中A是2-3个碳原子的亚烷氧基,n是0-4,p是2-3的数,m为0-3,R是8-22,优选12-20个碳原子的脂族基团或酰基,或基团R2O(A)nR3,其中是R2是8-22个碳原子的脂族基团,R3是基团CpH2p,其中p具有上述的含义,或基团CH2CH(OH)CH2,A与n具有上述的含义,Y是1-4个碳原子的烷基或基团(A)nH,其中A与n具有上述的含义,B是基团→O和v是0或1,前提是若v是1,则Y不能是氢,X是基团:其中A,p和n具有上述的含义,和r是0-2,前提是若m为0,则r必须为0;式I中所有n之和为0-5,和ii)0-95wt%的下式的醇:
ROH (II)其中R是具有5-24个碳原子的烃基。
2.权利要求1的组合物,其特征在于所述添加剂含有10-95%的式II的醇。
3.权利要求1或2的组合物,其特征在于式II中的R是8-14个碳原子的脂族基团。
6.权利要求1或2的组合物,其特征在于式I的表面活性剂是下式的酰胺表面活性剂:其中R是8-22个碳原子的酰基,m为0-2,n是0-2的数,所有n之和为0-2,和A与p具有与式I中相同的含义。
7.含下述物质的添加剂作为乳化剂和增溶剂的用途:i)5-90wt%权利要求1中定义的式I的表面活性剂;和ii)10-95wt%权利要求1中定义的式II的醇。
8.权利要求7的用途,其中i)和ii)的用量分别为10-50wt%和50-90wt%。
9.一种适于用作乳化剂和增溶剂的添加剂,其特征在于它含有i)5-90wt%权利要求1中定义的式I的表面活性剂;和ii)10-95wt%权利要求1中定义的式II的醇。
10.权利要求9的添加剂,其特征在于i)和ii)的用量分别为10-50wt%和50-90wt%。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE00046482 | 2000-12-15 | ||
SE0004648A SE523228C2 (sv) | 2000-12-15 | 2000-12-15 | Bränslekomposition innehållande en kolvätefraktion, etanol och ett additiv med vattensolubiliserande förmåga |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1481432A true CN1481432A (zh) | 2004-03-10 |
CN1271181C CN1271181C (zh) | 2006-08-23 |
Family
ID=20282245
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CNB018206255A Expired - Fee Related CN1271181C (zh) | 2000-12-15 | 2001-12-12 | 含烃馏分、乙醇、水和包括含氮表面活性剂和醇的添加剂的微乳液燃料 |
Country Status (15)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7575607B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1349908B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP3943023B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1271181C (zh) |
AR (1) | AR031802A1 (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE546509T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2002221253A1 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR0116152B1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2429438A1 (zh) |
CZ (1) | CZ20031879A3 (zh) |
MX (1) | MXPA03005242A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL194236B1 (zh) |
SE (1) | SE523228C2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2002048294A1 (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA200304125B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1408101A1 (en) | 2002-10-04 | 2004-04-14 | Infineum International Limited | Additives and fuel oil compositions |
WO2004058925A1 (ja) * | 2002-12-24 | 2004-07-15 | Sangi Co., Ltd. | 内燃機関用低公害液体燃料 |
EP1512736B1 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2018-05-02 | Infineum International Limited | Stabilised diesel fuel additive compositions |
WO2008124800A1 (en) * | 2007-04-09 | 2008-10-16 | Ethanol Eex, Llc | Fuel blends |
EP2017009B1 (en) * | 2007-07-20 | 2013-07-03 | Clariant (Brazil) S.A. | Reverse iron ore flotation by collectors in aqueous nanoemulsion |
DE102009048223A1 (de) | 2009-10-05 | 2011-06-16 | Fachhochschule Trier | Verfahren zur In-Situ-Herstellung von Treibstoff-Wasser-Gemischen in Verbrennungsmotoren |
CZ306196B6 (cs) * | 2011-10-13 | 2016-09-21 | Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze | Palivo na bázi bionafty |
RU2501844C2 (ru) * | 2012-03-27 | 2013-12-20 | Хасан Амаевич Тайсумов | Гибридное эмульсионное топливо |
WO2014062075A1 (en) * | 2012-10-15 | 2014-04-24 | Taysumov Hasan Amaevich | Hybrid emulsion fuel |
SE538634C2 (sv) * | 2013-11-12 | 2016-10-04 | Sekab Biofuels & Chemicals Ab | Metod för framställning av en etanolbränslekomposition |
EP3218093B1 (en) | 2014-11-10 | 2018-12-26 | EME Finance Ltd | Device for mixing water and diesel oil, apparatus and process for producing a water/diesel oil micro-emulsion. |
WO2016074904A1 (en) * | 2014-11-10 | 2016-05-19 | Eme International Limited | Water in diesel oil fuel micro-emulsions. |
DE102014225815A1 (de) | 2014-12-15 | 2016-06-16 | Fachhochschule Trier | In-situ-Herstellung von Treibstoff-Wasser-Gemischen in Verbrennungsmotoren |
US9771535B2 (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2017-09-26 | Joe Ru He Zhao | Gasoline efficacy promoter (GEP) and method of making the same |
IT201600132801A1 (it) | 2016-12-30 | 2018-06-30 | Eme International Ltd | Apparato e processo per produrre liquido derivante da biomassa, biocarburante e biomateriale |
Family Cites Families (37)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1525578A (en) | 1922-07-01 | 1925-02-10 | Friesenhahn Peter | Liquid fuel |
US2194496A (en) | 1938-02-17 | 1940-03-26 | Chemical Foundation Inc | Power alcohol |
US3527581A (en) * | 1966-10-17 | 1970-09-08 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Microemulsions of water in hydrocarbon fuel for engines |
JPS5140565B2 (zh) * | 1972-04-12 | 1976-11-04 | ||
US4002438A (en) | 1975-01-22 | 1977-01-11 | Joseph Fleming | Organic conversion system |
DE2854540A1 (de) * | 1978-12-16 | 1980-06-26 | Bayer Ag | Kraftstoffe |
US4208190A (en) | 1979-02-09 | 1980-06-17 | Ethyl Corporation | Diesel fuels having anti-wear properties |
US4384872A (en) | 1979-03-05 | 1983-05-24 | Institute Of Gas Technology | Stabilized gasoline-alcohol fuel compositions |
US4400178A (en) * | 1980-04-21 | 1983-08-23 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Liquid fuels containing polyamine dispersants |
US4477258A (en) | 1980-10-30 | 1984-10-16 | Labofina, S.A. | Diesel fuel compositions and process for their production |
US4451265A (en) | 1981-04-21 | 1984-05-29 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Diesel fuel-aqueous alcohol microemulsions |
NZ201192A (en) | 1981-07-15 | 1984-10-19 | Massey Ferguson Perkins Ltd | Internal combustion engine fuel containing oil,alcohol and tall oil |
US4392866A (en) | 1981-11-05 | 1983-07-12 | Texaco Inc. | Etheramine corrosion inhibitor for alcohols |
US4482666A (en) | 1982-03-12 | 1984-11-13 | Apace Research Limited | Emulsions of liquid hydrocarbons with water and/or alcohols |
CA1224628A (en) | 1982-12-09 | 1987-07-28 | Union Carbide Corporation | Diesel fuels |
EP0116197B1 (en) | 1983-01-14 | 1991-01-02 | Aeci Limited | Ignition improver for an alcohol based fuel for compression ignition engines |
US4504275A (en) | 1983-03-24 | 1985-03-12 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Emulsifying agents |
US4504276A (en) | 1983-03-24 | 1985-03-12 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Emulsifying agents |
DE3525124A1 (de) * | 1985-07-13 | 1987-01-15 | Huels Chemische Werke Ag | Kraftstoffe und heizoele und verwendung eines emulgatorsystems zur herstellung dieser kraftstoffe und heizoele |
NO864988D0 (no) | 1986-12-10 | 1986-12-10 | Dyno Industrier As | Oppgradering av tunge voksholdige oljefraksjoner til bruk som lette fyringsoljer eller dieseloljer samt oppgraderte oljer. |
IT1223404B (it) | 1987-12-04 | 1990-09-19 | Eniricerche Spa | Composizione di carburante diesel |
SE463028B (sv) | 1988-02-22 | 1990-10-01 | Berol Kemi Ab | Etanolbraensle samt dess anvaendning som dieselbraensle |
ES2061825T3 (es) * | 1988-08-05 | 1994-12-16 | Kao Corp | Utilizacion de un aditivo para combustibles. |
CA2048906C (en) | 1990-09-07 | 2002-12-10 | Jan Bock | Microemulsion diesel fuel compositions and method of use |
WO1993010117A1 (en) | 1991-11-15 | 1993-05-27 | American Cyanamid Company | A process for preparing a triazine tris-lactam crosslinking agent and curable compositions containing the same |
WO1993024593A1 (en) | 1992-06-02 | 1993-12-09 | Greenbranch Enterprises, Inc. | A phase stabilized alcohol based diesel fuel containing ignition additives |
WO1995002654A1 (en) | 1993-07-16 | 1995-01-26 | Victorian Chemical International Pty Ltd | Fuel blends |
SE510104C2 (sv) | 1993-08-19 | 1999-04-19 | Berol Nobel Ab | Etanolbränsle och användning av ett tändförbättrande medel |
GB9621261D0 (en) | 1996-10-11 | 1996-11-27 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc | Lubricity additives for fuel oil compositions |
US5792223A (en) * | 1997-03-21 | 1998-08-11 | Intevep, S.A. | Natural surfactant with amines and ethoxylated alcohol |
US6074445A (en) | 1997-10-20 | 2000-06-13 | Pure Energy Corporation | Polymeric fuel additive and method of making the same, and fuel containing the additive |
CA2317399C (en) | 1998-01-12 | 2009-01-27 | Deborah Wenzel | An additive composition also used as a fuel composition comprising water soluble alcohols |
EP1137743A1 (en) | 1998-11-23 | 2001-10-04 | Pure Energy Corporation | Diesel fuel composition |
US6017369A (en) * | 1998-11-23 | 2000-01-25 | Pure Energy Corporation | Diesel fuel composition |
HU222559B1 (hu) | 1999-05-14 | 2003-08-28 | András Bertha | Adalékkompozíció víztartalmú üzemanyagok stabilizálására, az így stabilizált üzemanyagok és ezek felhasználása |
AU1420600A (en) | 1999-09-06 | 2001-04-10 | Agrofuel Ab | Motor fuel for diesel engines |
US6224642B1 (en) | 1999-11-23 | 2001-05-01 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Additive composition |
-
2000
- 2000-12-15 SE SE0004648A patent/SE523228C2/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2001
- 2001-12-12 PL PL01364710A patent/PL194236B1/pl unknown
- 2001-12-12 WO PCT/SE2001/002748 patent/WO2002048294A1/en active Application Filing
- 2001-12-12 AU AU2002221253A patent/AU2002221253A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-12-12 BR BRPI0116152-0A patent/BR0116152B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-12-12 AT AT01270587T patent/ATE546509T1/de active
- 2001-12-12 AR ARP010105778A patent/AR031802A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-12-12 US US10/433,344 patent/US7575607B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-12-12 MX MXPA03005242A patent/MXPA03005242A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2001-12-12 EP EP01270587A patent/EP1349908B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-12-12 CA CA002429438A patent/CA2429438A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-12-12 CN CNB018206255A patent/CN1271181C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-12-12 JP JP2002549813A patent/JP3943023B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-12-12 CZ CZ20031879A patent/CZ20031879A3/cs unknown
-
2003
- 2003-05-28 ZA ZA200304125A patent/ZA200304125B/en unknown
-
2008
- 2008-05-12 US US12/118,998 patent/US8252071B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2002048294A1 (en) | 2002-06-20 |
PL194236B1 (pl) | 2007-05-31 |
BR0116152B1 (pt) | 2012-09-04 |
BR0116152A (pt) | 2003-12-23 |
US7575607B2 (en) | 2009-08-18 |
US8252071B2 (en) | 2012-08-28 |
US20080307699A1 (en) | 2008-12-18 |
JP3943023B2 (ja) | 2007-07-11 |
JP2004515641A (ja) | 2004-05-27 |
ATE546509T1 (de) | 2012-03-15 |
SE523228C2 (sv) | 2004-04-06 |
SE0004648D0 (sv) | 2000-12-15 |
AU2002221253A1 (en) | 2002-06-24 |
PL364710A1 (en) | 2004-12-13 |
ZA200304125B (en) | 2004-08-13 |
EP1349908A1 (en) | 2003-10-08 |
CA2429438A1 (en) | 2002-06-20 |
US20040055210A1 (en) | 2004-03-25 |
EP1349908B1 (en) | 2012-02-22 |
MXPA03005242A (es) | 2004-05-05 |
AR031802A1 (es) | 2003-10-01 |
CN1271181C (zh) | 2006-08-23 |
SE0004648L (sv) | 2002-06-16 |
CZ20031879A3 (cs) | 2003-09-17 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN1271181C (zh) | 含烃馏分、乙醇、水和包括含氮表面活性剂和醇的添加剂的微乳液燃料 | |
EP2343353B1 (en) | Uses of emulsifying agents in non-aqueous fuels and oils | |
KR100341184B1 (ko) | 지방산아미드 윤활조제 및 연료의 윤활성을 향상시키기위한 관련 방법들 | |
CN104302747A (zh) | 新的低粘度功能性流体组合物 | |
CN109971518B (zh) | 燃料添加剂混合物和含有其的燃料 | |
US11248183B2 (en) | Composition useful as friction modifier | |
CA2343296A1 (en) | Fuel additive composition and method for the treatment of fuels | |
US20050022445A1 (en) | Surfactant composition including ethoxylate of cnsl | |
CA2343083A1 (en) | Diesel fuel additive composition and method for the treatment of diesel fuels | |
JPS6252799B2 (zh) | ||
EP1135452A1 (en) | Lubricant compositions | |
MXPA02008272A (es) | Composiciones. | |
AU2007231780A1 (en) | Fuel additive | |
JP2000290669A (ja) | 燃料油の水除去剤 | |
CN1394942A (zh) | 输送带润滑剂-或链润滑剂-浓缩物 | |
RU2264434C2 (ru) | Многофункциональная добавка для получения автомобильных бензинов и топливо для двигателей внутреннего сгорания на основе бензина, содержащего многофункциональную добавку | |
US20030163952A1 (en) | Compositions | |
US11499109B2 (en) | Fuel composition with lubricity additives | |
ZA200709398B (en) | Fuel additive | |
JP2023080545A (ja) | 燃料油組成物 | |
KR20230098178A (ko) | 연료 에멀젼을 위한 분지형 계면활성제 및 선택적으로 프로폭시화 계면활성제를 포함하는 유화제 패키지 | |
TH29859B (th) | สารเติมแต่งเชื้อเพลิง | |
TH53889A (th) | สารเติมแต่งเชื้อเพลิง |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20060823 Termination date: 20161212 |