CN1470564A - 水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物及其用途 - Google Patents
水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物及其用途 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1470564A CN1470564A CNA031194605A CN03119460A CN1470564A CN 1470564 A CN1470564 A CN 1470564A CN A031194605 A CNA031194605 A CN A031194605A CN 03119460 A CN03119460 A CN 03119460A CN 1470564 A CN1470564 A CN 1470564A
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- Prior art keywords
- alcohol
- aqueous dispersion
- dispersion type
- polyisocyanate composition
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 title claims description 67
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- YXRKNIZYMIXSAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,6-diisocyanatohexane Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O.O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O.O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O YXRKNIZYMIXSAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 allophanates Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- HJOVHMDZYOCNQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone Chemical compound CC1=CC(=O)CC(C)(C)C1 HJOVHMDZYOCNQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004135 Bone phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N biuret Chemical compound NC(=O)NC(N)=O OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Chemical compound OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- PCHXZXKMYCGVFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-diazetidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)N1 PCHXZXKMYCGVFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-2,3-diol Chemical compound CC(O)C(C)O OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012954 diazonium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-O diazynium Chemical compound [NH+]#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- BTVWZWFKMIUSGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylethyleneglycol Natural products CC(C)(O)CO BTVWZWFKMIUSGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 150000007973 cyanuric acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000071 diazene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- PVNFUHRSPUCTEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanic acid;1,2-xylene Chemical compound N=C=O.CC1=CC=CC=C1C PVNFUHRSPUCTEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- KCWDJXPPZHMEIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanic acid;toluene Chemical compound N=C=O.N=C=O.CC1=CC=CC=C1 KCWDJXPPZHMEIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 36
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 11
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- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 5
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 3
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012975 dibutyltin dilaurate Substances 0.000 description 2
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PLFFHJWXOGYWPR-HEDMGYOXSA-N (4r)-4-[(3r,3as,5ar,5br,7as,11as,11br,13ar,13bs)-5a,5b,8,8,11a,13b-hexamethyl-1,2,3,3a,4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a-hexadecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysen-3-yl]pentan-1-ol Chemical compound C([C@]1(C)[C@H]2CC[C@H]34)CCC(C)(C)[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(C)[C@]4(C)CC[C@@H]1[C@]3(C)CC[C@@H]1[C@@H](CCCO)C PLFFHJWXOGYWPR-HEDMGYOXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNQBCZCPNUHWLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,8-dioxacyclotetradecane-2,7-dione Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC(=O)OCCCCCCO1 RNQBCZCPNUHWLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-D Chemical compound OC(=O)COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKNPMARCQMCRHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(oxiran-2-yl)propan-1-ol Chemical compound OCC(C)C1CO1 RKNPMARCQMCRHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UDBVMAQJOPTWLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpropanoic acid Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)C(O)=O.OCC(C)(CO)C(O)=O UDBVMAQJOPTWLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NSOXQYCFHDMMGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine Chemical compound CC(O)CN(CC(C)O)CCN(CC(C)O)CC(C)O NSOXQYCFHDMMGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GTTSNKDQDACYLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trihydroxybutane Chemical compound CCCC(O)(O)O GTTSNKDQDACYLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001718 carbodiimides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanol Chemical compound OC1CCCCC1 HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- JBFHTYHTHYHCDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-caprolactone Chemical compound CCC1CCC(=O)O1 JBFHTYHTHYHCDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- WHIVNJATOVLWBW-SNAWJCMRSA-N methylethyl ketone oxime Chemical compound CC\C(C)=N\O WHIVNJATOVLWBW-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VIJMMQUAJQEELS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-bis(ethenyl)ethenamine Chemical compound C=CN(C=C)C=C VIJMMQUAJQEELS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012875 nonionic emulsifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,1-diol Chemical class CCC(O)O ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005829 trimerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- AVWRKZWQTYIKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound NC(=O)NC(O)=O AVWRKZWQTYIKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006313 waterborne resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013035 waterborne resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
- C08G18/12—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step using two or more compounds having active hydrogen in the first polymerisation step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/0804—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups
- C08G18/0819—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing anionic or anionogenic groups
- C08G18/0823—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing anionic or anionogenic groups containing carboxylate salt groups or groups forming them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/2805—Compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/2815—Monohydroxy compounds
- C08G18/283—Compounds containing ether groups, e.g. oxyalkylated monohydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/703—Isocyanates or isothiocyanates transformed in a latent form by physical means
- C08G18/705—Dispersions of isocyanates or isothiocyanates in a liquid medium
- C08G18/706—Dispersions of isocyanates or isothiocyanates in a liquid medium the liquid medium being water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/77—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates having heteroatoms in addition to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate nitrogen and oxygen or sulfur
- C08G18/78—Nitrogen
- C08G18/79—Nitrogen characterised by the polyisocyanates used, these having groups formed by oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/791—Nitrogen characterised by the polyisocyanates used, these having groups formed by oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates containing isocyanurate groups
- C08G18/792—Nitrogen characterised by the polyisocyanates used, these having groups formed by oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates containing isocyanurate groups formed by oligomerisation of aliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic isocyanates or isothiocyanates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/80—Masked polyisocyanates
- C08G18/8003—Masked polyisocyanates masked with compounds having at least two groups containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/8006—Masked polyisocyanates masked with compounds having at least two groups containing active hydrogen with compounds of C08G18/32
- C08G18/8009—Masked polyisocyanates masked with compounds having at least two groups containing active hydrogen with compounds of C08G18/32 with compounds of C08G18/3203
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J175/04—Polyurethanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2170/00—Compositions for adhesives
- C08G2170/80—Compositions for aqueous adhesives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2666/00—Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
- C08L2666/02—Organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials
- C08L2666/14—Macromolecular compounds according to C08L59/00 - C08L87/00; Derivatives thereof
- C08L2666/20—Macromolecular compounds having nitrogen in the main chain according to C08L75/00 - C08L79/00; Derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明是关于一种水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物,它包含:(a)一种脂肪族聚异氰酸酯、或一种脂肪族聚异氰酸酯的混合物、或一种脂肪族聚异氰酸酯及其它聚异氰酸酯的混合物;及(b)成分(a)与选自下列群组中的一种成分进行反应的产物:(i)一种聚醚二元醇或三元醇或其混合物,其中该聚醚二元醇与三元醇中的环氧乙烷(EO)对环氧丙烷(PO)的重量比约大于60∶40,该聚醚二元醇具有约300至1600克/摩尔分子量,且聚醚三元醇具有约450至2400克/摩尔分子量;及(ii)一种聚醚一元醇与聚醚多元醇的混合物,其中聚醚多元醇为聚醚二元醇、三元醇、及其混合物,其中聚醚一元醇、二元醇及三元醇中EO对PO的重量比约大于60∶40,且聚醚二元醇与三元醇具有以上定义的分子量。本发明亦提供一种水性树脂粘合剂,它包含该水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物与含活泼氢反应基团的水性树脂。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物,以及一种含作为交联剂的该水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物和含活泼氢反应基团的水性树脂的水性树脂粘合剂。
背景技术
水分散型聚异氰酸酯通常作为交联剂用于以水性树脂为基质的粘合剂中。特别需要指出的是,该异氰酸酯对于含活泼氢反应基团的化合物呈现高反应活性,从而形成诸如氨基甲酸乙酯、尿素、氨基化合物、酰胺、脲基甲酸酯、及缩二脲等产物。因此,聚异氰酸酯有助于树脂的分子量增长与交联,从而大幅改善树脂用作粘合剂时的粘着力、抗热性与机械性能。聚异氰酸酯因其高反应活性而成为用于水性树脂的优质交联剂。
水分散型聚异氰酸酯的制备与应用是一种成熟的工艺并已有报导。例如,美国专利第4,663,377号介绍一种聚异氰酸酯制剂,可分散于水中并具有约2.0至3.5个平均NCO官能团,用作分散于水中、且以聚合物为基质的水性粘合剂的添加剂。根据美国专利第4,663,377号的介绍,聚醚一元醇(polyether monols),如其实施例所列举的聚乙氧基醚一元醇(poly ethoxylated ether monol),特别适用于制备水分散型聚异氰酸酯制剂。
美国专利第5,200,489号是关于使用聚醚一元醇改性以1,6-己二异氰酸酯(HDI)与重量百分比高达70%(以二异氰酸酯重量计))的另一种二异氰酸酯的混合物为基质的聚异氰酸酯,以获得具有2至6个平均NCO官能团的水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物,该专利还提供一种测试聚异氰酸酯组合物水分散性的方法。其测试结果显示,添加约10%(重量)且具有200至1000克/摩尔分子量的聚醚一元醇,较利于改善聚异氰酸酯组合物的水分散性。
美国专利第5,252,696号介绍一种水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物,将具有约2.1至4.4个NCO官能团的脂肪族聚异氰酸酯,例如HDI三聚物,与含5至9.9个环氧乙烷(EO)单元的聚醚一元醇,在4∶1至120∶1的NCO/OH当量比下进行反应而获得。所得水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物适用于双组分水性树脂。
美国专利第5,563,207号是关于一种制备以改性脂肪族与改性芳香族二异氰酸酯为基质的水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物的方法,所得水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物作为粘合剂用于水性涂料混合物(尤其是水性聚乙酸乙烯酯涂料)中。此外,美国专利第5,563,207号介绍的聚异氰酸酯组合物是由聚异氰酸酯成分,例如改性HDI/甲苯二异氰酸酯三聚物,与具有550克/摩尔分子量、并以甲醇为起始剂聚合的聚乙氧基醚一元醇反应生成。
美国专利第5,731,396号介绍一种水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物,是将漆用聚异氰酸酯,例如具有1.8至4.6个NCO官能团的HDI三聚物,与亲水性聚醚/酯一元醇(由聚醚一元醇与ε-己内酯反应制得)在4∶1至120∶1的NCO/OH当量比下反应制得。所得水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物可用于制备聚氨基甲酸乙酯(PU)塑料或作为水溶性、水分散性漆用粘合剂的交联剂。
美国专利第6,007,619号是关于一种制备砂浆/水泥混合物的方法,在混合操作之前或期间将水分散型聚异氰酸酯加入该砂浆/水泥混合物中。根据美国专利第6,007,619号所提供之实施例,所用聚乙氧基醚一元醇具有约350克/摩尔或550克/摩尔平均分子量,并以甲醇为起始剂聚合,被添加到基于HDI的聚异氰酸酯中,然后将所得混合物加热至100℃并维持3小时,形成水分散型聚异氰酸酯。
美国专利第6,221,995号介绍一种经改性的聚异氰酸酯,它在水性树脂组合物中具有高乳化/分散性,适合作固化剂或交联剂。通过基于HDI、且含异三聚氰酸酯基的聚异氰酸酯与非离子型乳化剂(如聚氧乙烯壬基苯基醚)反应制得改性聚异氰酸酯,其具有17或更低的亲水-亲油平衡数(HLB)。同时,当其用于水性涂料、墨水与粘合剂时,可提供较佳的性能。
根据已知技术,水分散型聚异氰酸酯通常由以HDI三聚物为基质的脂肪族聚异氰酸酯与具有低分子量的非离子型聚醚一元醇反应制得。虽然曾有文献报导,聚醚多元醇类可用于改善聚异氰酸酯的亲水性,但并无利用聚醚多元醇类的详细描述,以及提供明确制备程序和测试数据的具体实施例。令人惊奇的是,本案发明人发现了特定的聚醚二元醇、三元醇、聚醚二元醇与三元醇的混合物、或聚醚一元醇与聚醚多元醇的混合物,可用于制备水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物,较之仅由聚醚一元醇制得的产物,更适合于用作水性树脂的交联剂。特别需要说明的是,使用本发明水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物进行交联后的水性树脂粘合剂具有增强的机械特性,诸如初期强度(greenstrength)、粘着力(包含初期与后期粘着力)及抗热性。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物,其包含
(a)一种脂肪族聚异氰酸酯、或一种脂肪族聚异氰酸酯的混合物、或一种脂肪族聚异氰酸酯与其它聚异氰酸酯的混合物;及
(b)成分(a)与选自下列群组中的一种成分进行反应的产物:
(i)一种聚醚二元醇或三元醇或其混合物,其中该聚醚二元醇与
三元醇中的环氧乙烷(EO)对环氧丙烷(PO)的重量比约大
于60∶40,该聚醚二元醇具有约300至1600克/摩尔分子量,
且聚醚三元醇具有约450至2400克/摩尔分子量;及
(ii)一种聚醚一元醇与聚醚多元醇的混合物,其中该聚醚多元醇
选自聚醚二元醇、三元醇、及其混合物所组成,其中该聚醚
一元醇、二元醇及三元醇中EO对PO的重量比约大于60∶40,
且聚醚二元醇与三元醇具有以上定义的分子量。
本发明亦提供一种水性树脂粘合剂,其包含本发明中的水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物及含活泼氢反应基团的水性树脂。定义
聚异氰酸酯
用于本发明的聚异氰酸酯是一种脂肪族聚异氰酸酯、或一种脂肪族聚异氰酸酯混合物、或一种脂肪族聚异氰酸酯与其它聚异氰酸酯的混合物,该聚异氰酸酯具有约2至6,较佳约2.5至4个平均NCO官能团,以及约5-30%,较佳约10-25%的NCO含量。
在本发明中,合适的脂肪族聚异氰酸酯包括(但不限于)异氰酸酯的下列衍生物,例如异三聚氰酸酯、缩二脲、脲二酮环(uretdione)、氨基甲酸乙酯、脲基甲酸盐、碳二亚胺、噁重氮三酮(oxadiazonetrione)衍生物以及它们的混合物。此类脂肪族聚异氰酸酯及其制备方法已为人们熟知,并见于以前的工艺描述中,如美国专利第4,518,522号与美国专利第4,663,377号,此类报导可视为参考。较佳的脂肪族聚异氰酸酯为环系聚异氰酸酯,例如异三聚氰酸酯衍生物、缩二脲衍生物及其混合物;更佳的为HDI三聚物、异佛乐酮二异氰酸酯(isophorone diisocyanate,IPDI)三聚物、HDI/IPDI三聚物及其混合物。
适合于本发明的其它聚异氰酸酯可以是工艺中常用的成分,例如芳香族聚异氰酸酯。合适的芳香族聚异氰酸酯包括(但不限于)二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate,MDI)、聚合型MDI、甲苯二异氰酸酯、二甲苯二异氰酸酯及其混合物。芳香族聚异氰酸酯及其制备方法也是人们熟知的,见于以前的工艺描述中,如美国专利第4,939,191号,该介绍可供参考。
聚醚多元醇
用于本发明的聚醚多元醇可由任何已知的方法制备,例如以EO或EO/PO混合物在适当起始剂的引发下进行烷氧化反用。制备聚醚一元醇、二元醇及三元醇(聚醚醇类)的适当起始剂包括(但不限于):甲醇、乙醇、正丁醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、环己醇、苯酚、水、乙二醇、二乙二醇(DEG)、丙二醇、甘油、2-丁酮肟(2-butone oxime)、苯胺、三甲醇丙烷、及3-甲基-3-羟甲基环氧丙烷。EO或EO/PO混合物可被陆续添加和/或作为混合物直接加入烷氧化反应中。
根据本发明,聚醚醇类的EP对PO重量比约大于60∶40,较佳在70∶30至90∶10之间,最佳在80∶20左右。倘若形成的水性树脂粘合剂中的残余亲水基团的亲水性太强,水性树脂粘合剂将易使其亲水基团,即聚醚醇类嵌段吸附太多的水分,而易导致邻近氨基甲酸乙酯与酯基团的水解,并降低其粘着性能。因此,在本发明中,向用于制备水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物的聚醚多元醇中导入约大于60∶40(疏水性基团/亲水性基团)的疏水性基团(即PO),可在混合聚异氰酸酯与水性树脂时,适当地避免异氰酸酯基团的过分消耗,同时通过疏水性基团与水性树脂的胺基、羟基、和/或羧基的键合,提高起始粘着力。此外,采用具有较长烷链的起始剂(例如丁醇)来制备聚醚多元醇类,亦可降低所得水性树脂粘合剂的亲水性,避免水解现象。
在作为反应产物(b)的聚醚一元醇与聚醚多元醇的混合物中,聚醚一元醇与聚醚多元醇可按任何比例混合,建议以1∶4至3∶2当量比的比例混合。用于本发明的水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物的聚醚二元醇与三元醇的分子量分别约为300至1600克/摩尔,较佳约500至1000克/摩尔,更佳约600至800克/摩尔;以及约450至2400克/摩尔,较佳约600至1800克/摩尔,更加约900至1200克/摩尔。任何常用的聚醚一元醇(较佳约150至800克/摩尔,更佳约300至500克/摩尔)均可与聚醚多元醇混合使用。
水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物
由脂肪族异氰酸酯与聚醚醇类进行反应,制备本发明的水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物的工艺是成熟的,如US 4,663,377与US 5,252,696中所介绍。起始成分通常在温度约20℃至120℃,较佳约40℃至110℃,NCO/OH当量比约4∶1至120∶1,较佳6∶1至100∶1,更佳10∶1至30∶1,的条件下进行反应。反应时间视反应温度而定,通常约2至4小时。亦可使用催化剂来提高反应速度。
所制得的水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物通常具有约1500至约8000cps/RT的粘度,较佳约2000至约5500cps/RT,更佳约2500至约4000cps/RT(RT表示室温)。在一较佳实施例中,为进一步控制水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物的粘度,可在聚异氰酸酯组合物使用前添加低沸点的惰性有机溶剂。该有机溶剂可以是(但不限于):乙酸乙酯、丙酮、二甲基乙二醇、甲基酮、及其混合物;优选乙酸乙酯。此外,可通过调整添加量来控制最终水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物所需的粘度,例如介于2500与4000cps/RT之间。
本发明的水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物特别适合作为含活泼氢反应基团的水性树脂的交联剂,以制备水性树脂粘合剂。理由是:与用聚醚一元醇类改性的产品相比较,本发明的聚异氰酸酯组合物具有增加的NCO官能团。一般而言,传统上由聚醚一元醇与聚异氰酸酯合成的水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物,其NCO官能团约减少4%(按使用的聚异氰酸酯计)。而本发明的水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物,其NCO官能团约增加3.3%至6%(按使用的聚异氰酸酯计)。所以,依据本发明制备的聚异氰酸酯组合物增加了NCO官能团,可提高该组合物在水性树脂粘合剂中的交联力。
水性树脂粘合剂
根据本发明,可利用任何已知的搅拌手段,例如机械搅拌,将本发明的水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物与水性树脂混合。
适用于生产本发明的水性树脂粘合剂的水性树脂的例子包括含活泼氢反应基团的水性树脂,例如含羟基、胺基、羧基及其相似基团等,特别是含羟基与胺基的水性树脂。根据本发明,较佳的水性树脂是水性聚氨基甲酸乙酯(PUs)、水性聚乙酸乙烯酯(PVACs)、水性聚乙烯醇(PVOHs)、及水性羟基聚丙烯酸酯,以及它们的混合物,较佳者为水性PUs。关于水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物与水性树脂的混合方法:水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物的用量以水性树脂的重量计,约1-10%(重量),较佳约2-8%(重量),更佳约3-6%(重量)。
根据本发明的水性树脂粘合剂适用于粘合相同或不同种类的材料,例如木材、纸张、塑料、织物、皮革及无机材料,尤其是PUs、PVACs与橡胶。
同目前商业化的产品比较,添加本发明的水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物至水性树脂中,可显著改善其粘着力、抗热性与机械性能。
具体实施方式
下列实施例将更详细地阐述本发明,除特别说明之外,所有百分比均为重量百分比。
实施例
实施例1:由聚醚一元醇、二元醇、或三元醇制备水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物
将HDI三聚物(经HDI三聚反应所得,粘度约为2000至2400cps/25℃,NCO%约为21-22%,可自Bayer Corp.、Rhodia Chimie或BASF股份有限公司购得)添加至一上盖分离式反应器中,并使用特氟纶棒在300rpm的速率下进行机械搅拌,然后加热至100℃。再将购自台湾稳好聚合物化学工业有限公司(En Hou Polymer ChemicalIndustry Co.,Ltd.)的聚醚一元醇、二元醇或三元醇(如表1中所列)慢慢地加至反应器中。该混合物在100至105℃的温度下反应3小时,再冷却至室温。
表1
改性剂 | 起始剂 | EO/PO比 | MW(克/摩尔) |
聚醚一元醇一元醇-1一元醇-2一元醇-3一元醇-4一元醇-5聚醚二元醇二元醇-1二元醇-2聚醚三元醇三元醇-1 | 甲醇丁醇丁醇甲醇甲醇二甘醇丙二醇甘油 | 100%EO80/20100%EO100%EO100%EO100%EO80/20100%EO | 35035035080020006007001000 |
用于制备水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物的HDI三聚物和聚醚醇类的用量,以及所得水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物的NCO%和粘度见表2。
表2
RT:室温(a)所得组合物在室温下固化。实施例2:利用不同比例的聚醚一元醇与二元醇制备水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物
样品编号 | 起始原料 | 重量% | 当量比 | 添加量(g) | NCO% | 粘度(cps/RT) |
1 | HDI三聚物一元醇-1 | 91.136.87 | 24.341 | 279.420.6 | 18.90 | 2930/28.8℃ |
2 | HDI三聚物一元醇-2 | 93.136.87 | 24.341 | 279.420.6 | 19.27 | 2105/32.0℃ |
3 | HDI三聚物一元醇-3 | 93.136 | 24.341 | 279.420.6 | 19.20 | 1995/32.0℃ |
4 | HDI三聚物一元醇-4 | 93.136.87 | 55.641 | 279.420.6 | 18.61 | 3545/27.0℃ |
5 | HDI三聚物一元醇-5 | 93.136.87 | 139.111 | 279.420.6 | 19.92 | (a) |
6 | HDI三聚物 | 93.13 | 20.87 | 279.4 | 19.38 | 8160/ |
二元醇-1 | 6.87 | 1 | 20.6 | 24.7℃ | ||
7 | HDI三聚物二元醇-2 | 93.136.87 | 24.341 | 279.420.6 | 19.15 | 7180/24.7℃ |
8 | HDI三聚物三元醇-1 | 93.136.87 | 23.181 | 279.420.6 | 19.95 | 5330/30.5℃ |
制备步骤中除了将一元醇-3与二元醇-2的混合物与HDI三聚物进行反应外,其它步骤与实施例1相同。用于制备水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物的HDI三聚物、一元醇-3及二元醇-2的用量,及所得水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物的NCO%和粘度见表3。
表3
样品编号 | 起始原料 | 重量% | 当量比 | 添加量(g) | NCO% | 粘度(cps/RT) |
9 | HDI三聚物一元醇-3二元醇-2 | 91.136.870 | 24.3410 | 279.420.60 | 19.15 | 2800/29.5℃ |
10 | HDI三聚物一元醇-3二元醇-2 | 93.133.4353.435 | 24.340.50.5 | 279.410.310.3 | 18.73 | 3960/29.5℃ |
11 | HDI三聚物一元醇-3二元醇-2 | 93.131.71755.1525 | 24.340.250.75 | 279.45.1515.45 | 19.25 | 4540/29.5℃ |
12 | HDI三聚物一元醇-3二元醇-2 | 93.1306.87 | 24.3401 | 279.4020.6 | 19.15 | 5540/29.5℃ |
实施例3:水件PU粘合剂的粘著力与抗热性测试
从根据实施例1与2制得的样品中,选取0.8g水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物和0.8g商业产品(样品C,是一种无水且由HDI三聚物与聚醚一元醇合成的脂肪族聚异氰酸酯,具有18.5-20.5%的NCO%及3,000mPa s/23℃的粘度),分别添加至20g的水性PU中(商品名为GE-6608,由大东树脂化学股份有限公司制造),以制备水性PU粘合剂。由于每次测试所用的水性PUs是由不同批次所制备,因此测试结果以样品C的测试结果为基准。换言之,所得数据仅用于比较粘着力或抗热性,不是绝对数值。测试橡胶基材间水性PU粘合剂的粘着力与抗热性的操作条件如下:1.用打粗机将欲粘着的橡胶基材表面打粗。2.以底层处理剂(商品名为GE-001AB,由大东树脂化学股份有限公司制造)处理橡胶基材表面。3.将处理过的橡胶基材于60℃烘箱中干燥3分钟。4.用含水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物的水性PU粘合剂均匀涂覆干燥过的橡胶基材。5.将经涂覆的橡胶基材再置于60℃烘箱中干燥5分钟。6.取两个自步骤5所得的橡胶基材,将涂覆表面予以粘着,然后于30kg压力下层压10秒钟。7.静置经层压的橡胶基材10分钟后,利用计算机型万能测试机测试其初期强度。8.静置该经层压的橡胶基材1小时后,再利用计算机型万能测试机测试其粘着力。9.静置该经层压的橡胶基材24小时后,再利用计算机型万能测试机测试其后期粘着力。10.静置该经层压的橡胶基材72小时后,再将其置于70℃的烘箱中,以1.5kg法码重悬吊60小时,以测试其后期抗热性。
测试(A)
根据上述步骤对样品6、7或C交联的水性PU粘合剂进行粘着力与抗热性的测试,测试结果如表4所示。
表4
(b)基材完全拉开
样品6 | 样品7 | 样品C | |
测试时间 | 拉力强度(kg/2.5cm) | ||
10分钟1小时24小时 | 13.820.7520 | 18.525.531 | 11.11918.5 |
抗热性 | |||
法码掉落时间(min)基材拉开距离(cm) | 1090(b) | 未掉落2.5 | 未掉落5.5 |
根据上述测试结果,样品6与7使改良水性PU粘合剂的粘着性能大幅度超过样品C(即商业化产品)。尤其是样品7(具有7180cps/RT的粘度,属本发明范围)在提高水性PU粘合剂的抗热性方面优于样品C。然而,与样品7相比较,样品6(具大于8000cps/RT的粘度)在水性PU粘合剂的抗热性方面显得稍差。
测试(B)
根据上述步骤对样品8或C交联的水性PU粘合剂进行粘着力与抗热性测试,测试结果如表5所示。
表5
样品8 | 样品C | |
测试时间 | 拉开强度(kg/2.5cm) | |
10分钟1小时24小时 | 18.82634 | 18.52225 |
抗热性 | ||
法码掉落时间(min)基材拉开距离(cm) | 未掉落2.8 | 未掉落3 |
此测试结果进一步证明以样品8(具有5330cps/RT的粘度,属本发明范围)交联的水性PU粘合剂,其粘着力与抗热性优于以样品C(即商业产品)交联的水性PU粘合剂。
测试(C)
根据上述步骤对样品样品9、10、11、12或C交联的水性PU粘合剂进行进行粘着力与抗热性的测试,测试结果如表6所示。
表6
(b)基材完全拉开(c)破裂的基材显示水性PU粘合剂的粘着性能相当优异
样品9 | 样品10 | 样品11 | 样品12 | 样品C | |
测试时间 | 拉开强度(kg/2.5cm) | ||||
10分钟1小时24小时 | 131316 | 15.52538 | 10.53637 | 11.52237 | 10.51117 |
抗热性 | |||||
法码掉落时间(min)基材拉开距离(cm) | 1284.7(b) | 基材破裂(c) | 未掉落1.6 | 未掉落4 | 1567(b) |
样品10(具有3960cps/RT的粘度,属本发明范围)与样品11(具有4540cps/RT的粘度,属本发明范围)不但成功地降低了粘度,避免阻碍水中NCO官能团的分散,而且维持了高NCO官能团数,有利于交联反应的进行。很清楚,以样品10或11交联的水性PU粘合剂的粘着力得到了改善。测试结果亦验证以样品10与11交联的水性PU粘合剂的抗热性得到改进。
实施例4:水件PU的拉伸力测试
拉伸力测试的目的在于了解发生于材料内部的交联程度,具体地说,倘若测试材料的拉伸强度提高(即其伸长百分比降低),即可推论出测试材料中发生了交联现象。首先,以预聚物混合方法制备水性PU。更具体地说,溶于28.30g甲基乙基酮溶剂中的77g聚己烯己二酸(poly(hexylene adipate)))(MW=2000)与5.16g二羟甲基丙酸(dimethylolpropionic acid)(MW=134)的混合物在搅拌下加热至75℃。然后,将30.95g异佛乐酮二异氰酸酯与催化剂二丁基锡二月桂酸酯(dibutyltin dilaurate,其商品名为T-12,由Air Products andChemicals,Inc.制造)加入该混合物中,然后使该混合物在75℃下反应4小时,得到预聚物。将所得预聚物冷却至50℃以下,再将3.89g三乙胺(triethyleneamine)加入该混合物,以中和羧酸。接着,在搅拌下将250g水连续地加到该预聚物中,或相反地,将该预聚物连续地加到250g水中。最后,再将2.4g乙二胺(ethylediamine)加到该预聚物中,形成水性PU。合成的水性PU具有30%的固体含量及约30,000的分子量。
将0.24、0.48或0.96g(2、4或8%,以水性PU固体含量计)的样品7添加至40g合成水性PU中,并将所得混合物机械搅拌约3分钟。将10g该混合物倾注至特氟纶盘中,置于相对湿度(RH)为60%的熟化室(curing room)中熟化1天,再置入干燥箱(RH=40%)中干燥24小时,然后自特氟纶盘中取出厚度约为0.3至0.4mm的薄膜。最后,将该薄膜置于60℃真空箱中4个小时,再以PE袋密封并储存于熟化室(RH=60%)中。随后利用万能测试机进行拉力测试,其测试结果(4次测试的平均值)如表7所示。
表7
100%模数(Mpa) | 300%模数(MPa) | 500%模数(MPa) | 伸长率(%) | |
PUPU+2%样品7PU+4%样品7PU+8%样品7 | 3.5273.7863.8644.107 | 2.0682.2082.2892.421 | 2.4162.5302.7182.823 | 683.08575.81608.08567.08 |
由上述数据可知,水性PU的模数随着样品7的添加量而提高,亦显示包含样品7的水性PU确实比不含样品7者具有较低的伸长率。此外,100%模数值表示对抗起始拉伸力的强度,在定义粘着性能上是相当有意义的。可以发现,列于表7中的数据再次验证:相比于不含样品7的水性PU,含样品7的水性PU具有较高的100%模数值。
为了描述了本发明,上文列举了详细的实施例。需要注意的是,这些细节仅适用于举例的目的;在本权利要求书中若无特别限制,专业人士可以对细节进行不偏离本发明精神与范围的改动。
Claims (22)
1.一种水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物,其包含:
(a)一种脂肪族聚异氰酸酯、或一种脂肪族聚异氰酸酯的混合物、或一种脂肪族聚异氰酸酯与其它聚异氰酸酯的混合物;及
(b)成分(a)与选自下列群组中的一种成分进行反应的产物:
(i)一种聚醚二元醇或三元醇或其混合物,其中该聚醚二元醇
与三元醇中的环氧乙烷(EO)对环氧丙烷(PO)的重量比
约大于60∶40,该聚醚二元醇具有约300至1600克/摩尔
分子量,聚醚三元醇具有约450至2400克/摩尔分子量;
及
(ii)一种聚醚一元醇与聚醚多元醇的混合物,其中该聚醚多
元醇是选自聚醚二元醇、三元醇、及其混合物,且其中该
聚醚一元醇、二元醇及三元醇中EO对PO的重量比约大于
60∶40,且聚醚二元醇与三元醇具有以上定义的分子量。
2.根据权利要求1所述的水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物,其特征在于所述的脂肪族聚异氰酸酯是选自异氰脲酸盐、缩二脲、脲二酮环(uretdione)、氨基甲酸乙酯、脲基甲酸盐、羰二亚胺、噁重氮三酮(oxadiazonetrione)衍生物、及其混合物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物,其特征在于所述的脂肪族聚异氰酸酯是选自异氰脲酸盐衍生物、缩二脲衍生物、及其混合物的环系聚异氰酸酯。
4.根据权利要求3所述的水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物,其特征在于所述的脂肪族聚异氰酸酯是选自1,6-己二异氰酸酯(HDI)三聚物、异佛乐酮二异氰酸酯(isophorone diisocyanate,IPDI)三聚物、及HDI/IPDI三聚物、及其混合物。
5.根据权利要求4所述的水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物,其特征在于所述的脂肪族聚异氰酸酯是HDI三聚物。
6.根据权利要求1所述的水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物,其特征在于所述的其它聚异氰酸酯是选自4,4-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)、聚合型MDI、二异氰酸甲苯、异氰酸二甲苯、及其混合物的芳香族聚异氰酸酯。
7.根据权利要求1所述的水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物,其特征在于所述的聚醚一元醇具有约150至800克/摩尔分子量,该聚醚二元醇具有约500至1000克/摩尔分子量,及该聚醚三元醇具有约600至1800克/摩尔分子量。
8.根据权利要求7所述的水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物,其特征在于所述的聚醚一元醇具有约300至500克/摩尔分子量,所述的聚醚二元醇具有约600至800克/摩尔分子量,及所述的聚醚三元醇具有约900至1200克/摩尔分子量。
9.根据权利要求1所述的水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物,其特征在于所述的聚醚一元醇、二元醇及三元醇中EO对PO的重量比约介于70∶30至90∶10之间。
10.根据权利要求9所述的水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物,其特征在于所述的聚醚一元醇、二元醇及三元醇中EO对PO的重量比约为80∶20。
11.根据权利要求1所述的水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物,其特征在于其成分(ii)中的聚醚一元醇与聚醚多元醇的当量比为约1∶4至3∶2。
12.根据权利要求1所述的水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物,其特征在于其还包含低沸点的惰性有机溶剂。
13.根据权利要求12所述的水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物,其特征在于其中所用的溶剂选自乙酸乙酯、丙酮、二甲基乙二醇、甲基酮、及其混合物。
14.根据权利要求1所述的水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物,其特征在于所述的水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物的粘度约为1500至8000cps/25℃。
15.根据权利要求14所述的水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物,其特征在于所述的水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物的粘度约为2000至5500cps/25℃。
16.根据权利要求15所述的水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物,其特征在于所述的水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物的粘度约为2500至4000cps/25℃。
17.一种水性树脂粘合剂,其特征在于其包含水性树脂及根据权利要求1所述的水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物。
18.根据权利要求17所述的水性树脂粘合剂,其特征在于以该水性树脂重量计,该水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物的含量约为1至10%。
19.根据权利要求18所述的水性树脂粘合剂,其特征在于以该水性树脂重量计,该水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物的含量约为2至8%。
20.根据权利要求19所述的水性树脂粘合剂,其特征在于以该水性树脂重量计,该水分散型聚异氰酸酯组合物的含量约为3至6%。
21.根据权利要求17所述的水性树脂粘合剂,其特征在于所述的水性树脂是选自聚氨基甲酸乙酯、聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚乙烯醇、烃基聚丙烯酸酯、及其混合物。
22.根据权利要求21所述的水性树脂粘合剂,其特征在于所述的水性树脂是水性聚氨基甲酸乙酯。
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CN101619128B (zh) * | 2009-07-31 | 2011-12-21 | 中国科学院广州化学研究所 | 酰胺封端非离子型水性异氰酸酯及其制备方法与应用 |
CN102391454A (zh) * | 2011-09-09 | 2012-03-28 | 北京高盟新材料股份有限公司 | 挤出复合用聚氨酯粘合剂的制备方法 |
CN102391454B (zh) * | 2011-09-09 | 2013-12-18 | 北京高盟新材料股份有限公司 | 挤出复合用聚氨酯粘合剂的制备方法 |
CN102807835A (zh) * | 2012-05-23 | 2012-12-05 | 烟台信友电子有限公司 | 一种可水解紫外线固化胶及其制备方法 |
CN102816551A (zh) * | 2012-05-23 | 2012-12-12 | 烟台信友电子有限公司 | 一种uv-湿气双固化液态光学透明胶及其制备方法 |
CN103788329A (zh) * | 2012-10-29 | 2014-05-14 | 罗门哈斯公司 | 乙氧基化异氰酸酯化合物及其作为乳化剂的使用 |
CN103015190A (zh) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-03 | 卜迪迪 | 编织袋内部的涂覆方案 |
CN112898939A (zh) * | 2019-12-03 | 2021-06-04 | Sika技术股份公司 | 低总voc含量的无底漆快速固化的聚氨酯组合物 |
Also Published As
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TW200401787A (en) | 2004-02-01 |
CN100371390C (zh) | 2008-02-27 |
US6838516B2 (en) | 2005-01-04 |
US20040019160A1 (en) | 2004-01-29 |
TWI276644B (en) | 2007-03-21 |
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