CN1449085A - Accumulator, super capacitor charge-discharge equalizing method and equipment - Google Patents
Accumulator, super capacitor charge-discharge equalizing method and equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN1449085A CN1449085A CN 03118370 CN03118370A CN1449085A CN 1449085 A CN1449085 A CN 1449085A CN 03118370 CN03118370 CN 03118370 CN 03118370 A CN03118370 A CN 03118370A CN 1449085 A CN1449085 A CN 1449085A
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- super capacitor
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Abstract
The present invention is charge and discharge equalizing method and device for accumulator and super condenser. The equalizing device includes the charge and discharge equalizing controller of microcomputer system and the charge and discharge equalizing units comprising voltage detectors, temperature detector and isolated step-down DC/DC converter, with the charge and discharge equalizing unit being connected across the accumulator or super condenser. The controller controls the charge and discharge equalizing units, so that the accumulator and the super condenser are charged and discharged in proper currents. The present invention can ensure the equalized charge and discharge, prevent excessive charge and discharge and prolong the service life of the accumulator and the super condenser.
Description
Technical field: the present invention relates to a kind of storage battery, super capacitor charging/discharging thereof and device, particularly storage battery, super capacitor charge and discharge balancing method and apparatus.
Background technology: all there are lack of uniformity in the storage battery of tandem working or super capacitor for various reasons when charging and discharge; During charging: storage battery that capacity is little or super capacitor usually can produce and overcharge, and will cause storage battery or super capacitor to damage when serious; And storage battery capacious or super capacitor often can not be full of.During discharge: the storage battery of electric weight deficiency or super capacitor can enter the discharge lower limit at first, the same discharge lack of uniformity that exists, if continue discharge, this storage battery or super capacitor will produce overdischarge, thereby shorten the useful life of storage battery or super capacitor, reversed polarity be can occur when serious, storage battery or super capacitor thoroughly damaged.
Summary of the invention: the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of storage battery, super capacitor charging/discharging thereof and device, overcome existing storage battery, super capacitor discharges and recharges the unbalanced above-mentioned disadvantage of bringing.
Technical solution of the present invention is a kind of storage battery, super capacitor charge and discharge balancing method and apparatus.Storage battery, super capacitor charging and discharging balance device are electrically connected by charge and discharge balancing controller and several charge and discharge balancing devices to be formed; The charge and discharge balancing controller is made of microsystem; Each charge and discharge balancing device is made up of voltage detector, Temperature Detector and isolated step-down DC/DC electric energy transducer; The input of isolated step-down DC/DC is connected to the electric energy input, output is connected to cell batteries or super capacitor two ends, the voltage detector input connects with cell batteries or super capacitor two ends, the Temperature Detector input connects with temperature probe, temperature probe is attached to cell batteries or super capacitor positive terminal place, the output of voltage detector and Temperature Detector is connected to the charge and discharge balancing controller respectively, and the charge and discharge balancing controller output end connects with the signal input end of each isolated step-down DC/DC respectively; Storage battery, super capacitor charge and discharge balancing method are: during charging, the charge and discharge balancing controller sends control signal and gives each charge and discharge balancing device, charge and discharge balancing device work is with the different charging current i corresponding to the amount of capacity of the cell batteries of each self-charging or super capacitor
1, i
2I
nEach corresponding cell batteries or super capacitor are charged, meanwhile, voltage detector and Temperature Detector carry out with machine testing the voltage and the temperature of each cell batteries or super capacitor respectively, the result who detects delivers to the charge and discharge balancing controller, when detecting charging character voltage that voltage, temperature reaches certain cell batteries or super capacitor, charging characteristic temperature value, the charge and discharge balancing controller sends command signal and gives corresponding charge and discharge balancing device, stops this cell batteries or super capacitor charging; During discharge: beginning, all charge and discharge balancing devices cut out and do not work, and the euqalizing current of the output of each charge and discharge balancing device all is null value, i.e. i '
Fj1=i '
Fj2=...=i
Fjn=0, and the discharging current of all each cell batteries or super capacitor all equates, equals load current i
L, i.e. i
F1=i
F2=...=i
Fn=i
LMeanwhile, voltage detector and Temperature Detector carry out voltage, temperature detection to all cell batteries or super capacitor, and testing result is delivered to the charge and discharge balancing controller; When the voltage of some (i) cell batteries or super capacitor dropped to the discharge characteristic magnitude of voltage, the charge and discharge balancing controller sent start signal to this charge and discharge balancing device, at this moment: i
Fji≠ 0, the charge and discharge balancing device obtains electric energy from power bus through rectifying tube D, and feedback is replenished electricity to this storage battery or super capacitor, and the voltage decrease speed of this storage battery or super capacitor is slowed down.When most of storage batterys or super capacitor all reached its discharge characteristic magnitude of voltage, the charge and discharge balancing controller sent signal, closes the charge and discharge balancing device that all have been opened, stopped discharge and reported to the police.
The charging character voltage is the magnitude of voltage V when characterizing storage battery or super capacitor full charge
CT,
The charging characteristic temperature is the temperature value T when characterizing storage battery or super capacitor full charge
CT,
Discharge characteristic voltage is to characterize storage battery or super capacitor to have put magnitude of voltage V when electric
FT
Stop discharge signal to the charge and discharge balancing device if a certain storage battery or super capacitor brownout, short circuit or open circuit, charge and discharge balancing controller send, quit work and report to the police.
If a certain battery temp is too high, the charge and discharge balancing controller sends the cooling fan that storage battery or super capacitor are opened in instruction.If through after a while, back storage battery temperature or super capacitor temperature still do not descend, and the charge and discharge balancing controller sends and stops discharge signal to the charge and discharge balancing device, quits work and reports to the police.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is an accumulator cell charging and discharging balancer structure principle chart.
Fig. 2 is a charge and discharge balancing device structure principle chart.
Fig. 3 is an accumulator cell charging and discharging balancer charge balancing schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is an accumulator cell charging and discharging balancer equalization discharge schematic diagram.
Embodiment: the present invention further specifies as follows in conjunction with specific embodiments referring to accompanying drawing:
The present invention is applicable to series connection batteries or super capacitor group is carried out charge and discharge.
The structural principle of storage battery, super capacitor charging and discharging balance device is referring to accompanying drawing 1, and present embodiment is that the present invention is used for a group storage battery is discharged and recharged.Storage battery, super capacitor charging and discharging balance device are electrically connected by charge and discharge balancing controller and several charge and discharge balancing devices to be formed, and the charge and discharge balancing controller is made of microsystem; Each charge and discharge balancing device is made up of voltage detector, Temperature Detector and isolated step-down DC/DC electric energy transducer, referring to accompanying drawing 2, input a, a ' of isolated step-down DC/DC is connected to electric energy input A, A ', output b, b ' are in parallel with the voltage detector input, be connected to cell batteries or super capacitor two ends, Temperature Detector input f connects with temperature probe T, temperature probe is attached to cell batteries or super capacitor positive terminal place, the output C of voltage detector and Temperature Detector
v, C
TBe connected to the charge and discharge balancing controller respectively, the charge and discharge balancing controller output end respectively with the signal input end C of each isolated step-down DC/DC
wConnect.Each storage battery or super capacitor charge and discharge balancing device in parallel, make each storage battery or the super capacitor can both be balanced in charging and when discharge, detect and monitoring by voltage, the temperature scanning of charge and discharge balancing device, and give the charge and discharge balancing controller measured voltage, temperature signal to all storage batterys or super capacitor; After the charge and discharge balancing controller carries out computing to measured data,, realize the charge and discharge balancing of storage battery or super capacitor according to the work of a certain each charge and discharge balancing device of rule control.Can open or close the corresponding equalizer that charges and discharge when superpressure, under-voltage or overtemperature appear in a certain storage battery or super capacitor makes it reach balanced; thereby protect storage battery or super capacitor effectively; prolong the useful life of storage battery or super capacitor, and can make full use of the electric weight of each storage battery or super capacitor storage.Charge equalization method and process: referring to accompanying drawing 3
The charge and discharge balancing controller sends cooling fan and all charge and discharge balancing devices that storage battery or super capacitor are opened in instruction, begins storage battery or super capacitor charging; Simultaneously, the voltage of charge and discharge balancing device inside, Temperature Detector are monitored the charged state of storage battery or super capacitor, and send detected parameters to the charge and discharge balancing controller.The charge and discharge balancing controller is according to the charging characteristic parameter V of certain control algolithm and storage battery or super capacitor
CT, T
CTControl the charging process of each charge and discharge balancing device, have this moment: i
1, i
2I
nNon-vanishing, size is separately determined according to its capacity corresponding.Respectively charge and discharge equalizer with storage battery or the super capacitor charging of pressure limiting, current constant mode or certain charging modes to correspondence.Charge and discharge the equalizer power supply by charging intake end to all.Because the reverse connection of rectifying tube D can not must be charged the charging intake directly to storage battery or super capacitor charging by charging and discharging storage battery or the super capacitor of equalizer to correspondence.Each charges and discharge equalizer inside and by high frequency transformer storage battery or super capacitor and rechargeable energy input is isolated.When the voltage of certain battery or temperature value reached its charging characteristic value, the charge and discharge balancing controller just sent the charging that this battery or super capacitor are closed in instruction.
As: a certain storage battery or super capacitor overtemperature, the charge and discharge balancing controller sends instruction makes this charge and discharge balancing device reduce charging current, if through after a while, for example temperature does not also drop to normal value behind the 30min, it is too high that this storage battery or super capacitor are considered to internal resistance, the charge and discharge balancing controller sends warning and latchs, and closes this charge and discharge balancing device simultaneously.
As: a certain storage battery or super capacitor always can not be full of electricity, and other storage battery or super capacitor all have been full of electricity, and this storage battery or super capacitor are considered to electric leakage, and the charge and discharge balancing controller sends warning and latchs, and closes this charge and discharge balancing device simultaneously.
If all storage batterys or super capacitor all are full of electricity, keep the floating charge of a period of time after, the charge and discharge balancing controller sends the closeall charge and discharge balancing device of instruction, and closes the cooling fan of storage battery or super capacitor.Equalization discharge method and process: referring to accompanying drawing 4
During the discharge beginning, all charge and discharge balancing devices are in closed condition,
Have this moment: i
F1=i
F2=i
F3=...=i
Fn=i
L
i’
Fj1＝i
Fj2＝i’
Fj3＝……＝i’
Fjn＝0
When the voltage of some (i) storage battery or super capacitor drops to V
FTDuring value, the charge and discharge balancing controller sends start signal to this charge and discharge balancing device, at this moment: i
Fji≠ 0, the charge and discharge balancing device obtains the electric energy feedback from power bus through rectifying tube D and replenishes electricity to this storage battery or super capacitor, and the voltage decrease speed of this storage battery is slowed down.When the voltage of most storage battery or super capacitor all reaches its discharge characteristic V parameter
FTDuring value, the charge and discharge balancing controller cuts out all charge and discharge balancing devices of having opened, and sends and stop discharge signal, disconnects discharge switch K, and reports to the police.Referring to accompanying drawing 1.Make storage battery or super capacitor reach balanced, make full use of the electric weight energy of each storage battery or super capacitor at discharge process.
If a certain storage battery or super capacitor brownout, short circuit or open circuit, the charge and discharge balancing controller sends and stops discharge signal, disconnects discharge switch K, and reports to the police.Referring to accompanying drawing 1.
If a certain battery temp is too high, the charge and discharge balancing controller sends the cooling fan that storage battery or super capacitor are opened in instruction (start signal).If sometime, as: storage battery or super capacitor temperature still do not descend behind the 30min, and the charge and discharge balancing controller can send and stop discharge signal, disconnect discharge switch and warning.Referring to accompanying drawing 1.
Advantage of the present invention is: can make the batteries of series connection or super capacitor group realize that in charge and discharge process each is single The equalizaing charge of accumulator body or super capacitor and balanced discharge, prevent that low capacity battery or super capacitor from overcharging or Overdischarge and cause damaging and affecting the life-span; Avoid the charging of low capacity battery or super capacitor discontented.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of storage battery, super capacitor charging and discharging balance device are electrically connected by charge and discharge balancing controller and several charge and discharge balancing devices and to form, and it is characterized in that: the charge and discharge balancing controller is made of microsystem; Each charge and discharge balancing device is by voltage detector, Temperature Detector and isolated step-down DC/DC electric energy transducer are formed, the input of isolated step-down DC/DC is connected to the electric energy input, output is connected to cell batteries or super capacitor two ends, the voltage detector input connects with cell batteries or super capacitor two ends, the Temperature Detector input connects with temperature probe, temperature probe is attached to cell batteries or super capacitor positive terminal place, the output of voltage detector and Temperature Detector is connected to the charge and discharge balancing controller respectively, and the charge and discharge balancing controller output end connects with the signal input end of each isolated step-down DC/DC respectively.
2, a kind of storage battery, super capacitor charge and discharge balancing method, it is characterized in that: during charging, the charge and discharge balancing controller sends control signal and gives each charge and discharge balancing device, charge and discharge balancing device work is with the different charging current i corresponding to the amount of capacity of the cell batteries of each self-charging or super capacitor
1, i
2I
nEach corresponding cell batteries or super capacitor are charged, meanwhile, voltage detector and Temperature Detector carry out with machine testing the voltage and the temperature of each cell batteries or super capacitor respectively, the result who detects delivers to the charge and discharge balancing controller, when detecting charging character voltage that voltage, temperature reaches certain cell batteries or super capacitor, charging characteristic temperature value, the charge and discharge balancing controller sends command signal and gives corresponding charge and discharge balancing device, stops this cell batteries or super capacitor charging; During discharge, begin all charge and discharge balancing devices and close and do not work, the euqalizing current of the output of each charge and discharge balancing device all is null value, i.e. i '
Fj1=i '
Fj2=...=i
Fjn=0, and the discharging current of all each cell batteries or super capacitor all equates, equals load current i
L, i.e. i
F1=i
F2=...=i
Fn=i
LMeanwhile, voltage detector and Temperature Detector carry out the voltage temperature detection to all cell batteries or super capacitor, and testing result is delivered to the charge and discharge balancing controller; When the voltage of some (i) cell batteries or super capacitor dropped to the discharge characteristic magnitude of voltage, the charge and discharge balancing controller sent start signal to this charge and discharge balancing device, at this moment: i
Fji≠ 0, the charge and discharge balancing device obtains electric energy from power bus through rectifying tube D, and feedback is replenished electricity to this storage battery or super capacitor, and the voltage decrease speed of this storage battery or super capacitor is slowed down.When most storage battery or super capacitor all reached its discharge characteristic magnitude of voltage, the charge and discharge balancing controller sent all charge and discharge balancing devices of having opened of signal at stop, stopped discharge and reported to the police;
Stop discharge signal to the charge and discharge balancing device if a certain storage battery or super capacitor brownout, short circuit or open circuit, charge and discharge balancing controller send, quit work and report to the police;
If a certain battery temp is too high, the charge and discharge balancing controller sends the cooling fan that storage battery or super capacitor are opened in instruction.If still do not descend through back storage battery temperature or super capacitor temperature after a while, the charge and discharge balancing controller can send and stop discharge signal to the charge and discharge balancing device, quits work and reports to the police.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031183700A CN1316710C (en) | 2003-05-13 | 2003-05-13 | Accumulator, super capacitor charge-discharge equalizing method and equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031183700A CN1316710C (en) | 2003-05-13 | 2003-05-13 | Accumulator, super capacitor charge-discharge equalizing method and equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1449085A true CN1449085A (en) | 2003-10-15 |
| CN1316710C CN1316710C (en) | 2007-05-16 |
Family
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031183700A Expired - Fee Related CN1316710C (en) | 2003-05-13 | 2003-05-13 | Accumulator, super capacitor charge-discharge equalizing method and equipment |
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