CN103036258A - Battery pack balancing system and method - Google Patents
Battery pack balancing system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103036258A CN103036258A CN2011103003648A CN201110300364A CN103036258A CN 103036258 A CN103036258 A CN 103036258A CN 2011103003648 A CN2011103003648 A CN 2011103003648A CN 201110300364 A CN201110300364 A CN 201110300364A CN 103036258 A CN103036258 A CN 103036258A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a battery pack balancing system and a method. The system comprises a plurality of single batteries, a detection module, a forward motivation push-pull module and a microprocessor, the single batteries are in a series connection, and an independent charging loop is connected with each single battery; each charging loop is composed of a magnetism amplification voltage regulator circuit module and a transformer vice-side winding, the magnetism amplification voltage regulator circuit modules are connected with the single batteries, and the transformer vice-side windings are connected with the magnetism amplification voltage regulator circuit modules; and the microprocessor is used for controlling working of all magnetism amplification voltage regulator circuit modules and the forward motivation push-pull module according to signals acquired by a voltage detection module, a current detection module and a temperature detection module. By means of the system, efficient and safe dynamic balance charging and discharging of the battery pack are really achieved, the batteries can be protected to the maximum, and energy of the battery pack is fully played.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the battery protection system field of storage battery, relate to a kind of balanced system for storage battery pack and method.
Background technology
Storage battery is as energy storage medium, the all trades and professions that have been widely used in society, particularly in recent years in the industries such as communication power supply, ups power, various power car, solar power generation, wind power generation, national intelligent grid, in the system as power or power supply energy storage, ferric phosphate lithium cell has been regarded as one of assembly of most critical.Battery system is to charging, discharge with the battery pack of series system work, after each charging, discharge, the characteristic of each cell all can be different in the battery pack, such as terminal voltage, internal resistance, degree of aging, residual capacity (SOC), battery health degree (SOH) etc., and can As time goes on further aggravate otherness between the cell.How guaranteeing that battery carries out battery pack dynamic active equalization control rapidly and efficiently in charging, discharge process, is to guarantee fail safe, the reliability of ferric phosphate lithium cell and a key technology giving full play to its chemical usefulness.
Along with the use of ferric phosphate lithium cell is more and more extensive, the apparatus and method of in recent years series connection ferric phosphate lithium cell group being charged, discharge have obtained continuous improvement, so that attempt can be more fast, efficiently to protection and the equilibrium of the battery pack that is cascaded.In the traditional passive equalization methods of ferric phosphate lithium cell, it all is the discharge matrixing network of utilizing semiconductor switch device and power resistor to consist of, these matrixes are applied to each cell two ends, the higher cell of terminal voltage discharges in right amount during to charging, the voltage of each cell in the battery pack is unanimously raise with identical speed as far as possible, while is sufficient, reaches the purpose of the passive equilibrium of series-connected cell; Just can reach balanced purpose because the power resistor that adopts will discharge to cell, the caloric value of resistance is large, and is therefore lower to the capacity usage ratio of battery pack front end charger, and larger resistance generating thermal losses is arranged.
In traditional battery power discharge method; when wherein some battery reach the smallest end voltage that needs protection; then whole battery pack will be forced to stop discharge; but during this time; may also have a lot of remaining energy not to be released in other some battery in good condition, so this will greatly affect the energy utilization rate of battery pack.
In traditional ferric phosphate lithium cell group charging method of seeing at present, be that the total voltage to the battery pack that is cascaded gathers, do not monitor the terminal voltage of each cell; Although this way is simple, but because in use the electric weight of each cell is also inhomogeneous, if recycle down for a long time, it is larger that the otherness of electric weight will become, so the cell that electric weight is less will produce overdischarge, so that its service life cycle reduces greatly, therefore will affect the use of battery pack.Above-described charging method is set a battery power discharge final voltage often, when the total voltage that collects battery pack is lower than this set point, will stop the discharge of battery pack.Because final voltage can not reflect the true terminal voltage of all cells in the battery pack, therefore when stopping discharge, the phenomenon of overdischarge may appear in some cell, some cell may also have a lot of remaining electric weight not use, and the utilization rate of the energy content of battery will reduce greatly.
In traditional ferric phosphate lithium cell group charging method of seeing at present, all be that terminal voltage with reference to battery is as basis for estimation, when the terminal voltage of battery reaches certain numerical value, just force to stop discharge, but under different practical service environments, when higher such as ambient temperature, may also have a lot of remaining electric weight not discharge in the battery, and when ambient temperature was low, the phenomenon of battery over-discharge will appear, therefore can cause damage to battery.
In the dynamic active equalization method of traditional ferric phosphate lithium cell, all be to utilize the voltage of all cells that are cascaded finally to reach unanimously as the balanced operation termination condition.Coarse like this.In fact the actual storage electric weight of battery also will be subject to the temperature of battery itself, the impact that accumulative total discharges and recharges the factors such as chemical characteristic of number of times, degree of aging, health degree, battery itself.Under different temperature, charge and discharge cycles number of times, the energy that can store and discharge when the ferric phosphate lithium cell group is full of electricity is not identical, and the terminal voltage of battery also is not identical when being full of electricity.Under at low temperature environment, the energy that can store in the battery pack is less, and the terminal voltage when being full of electricity is higher, etc.Want just to need to charge to greatest extent to utilizing the electric weight of storing in the battery pack, electric discharge device can be full of maximum storable electric weight in the battery under different environment, and the electric weight that stores in the battery pack all can be discharged the supply external loading.It is worth mentioning that, reason owing to each cell manufacturing process error etc. in the ferric phosphate lithium cell group, when serial connection charge, there is certain difference in its electric weight, and this species diversity can be in use slowly gradually increase, this will affect the normal operation of whole battery pack, therefore, this just needs charging, electric discharge device can eliminate this species diversity, makes battery pack remain equilibrium state in charging, discharge process.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of compared with prior art more scientific, more reliable, more can utilize fully equalizing system and the method for ferric phosphate lithium cell group energy, to overcome deficiency of the prior art.
On the one hand, the invention provides a kind of novelly based on the dynamic electric weight of each cell and the series battery equalizing charge of voltage differences compensation, the circuit of discharge, specifically adopt following technical scheme:
A kind of balanced system for storage battery pack comprises:
Batteries comprises the cell of a plurality of series connection, all is connected with a charge circuit independently on each cell; Described charge circuit is amplified the voltage regulator circuit module and is amplified the transformer secondary winding that voltage regulator circuit module is connected with this magnetic by the magnetic that is connected with cell and consists of, and the transformer secondary winding in each charge circuit all comes from the different secondary windings of same transformer; Described magnetic amplifies the voltage regulator circuit module for charging voltage and the charging current of regulating described charge circuit;
Detection module comprises a plurality of detecting units identical with the number of described cell, each detecting unit respectively with a described charge circuit in magnetic amplify the voltage regulator circuit module and be electrically connected, for detection of voltage, electric current and the temperature of each cell;
Positive incentive is recommended module, is connected with the former limit winding of external charging system and described transformer, becomes the high frequency voltage Energy transfer to the former limit winding of described transformer for the electrical transformation that will come from external charging system; And
Microprocessor is used for the signal according to described detection module collection, controls the work that all magnetic amplification voltage regulator circuit modules and described positive incentive are recommended module, to satisfy the control needs of whole system.
As to the improving and replenishing of technique scheme, the present invention further takes following technical measures or the combination in any of these technical measures:
Described positive incentive is recommended module and also is series between the positive pole and negative pole of described batteries.
Described equalizing system also comprises a power diode, and the anode of described power diode is connected with the positive pole of described batteries, and the negative electrode of described power diode is recommended module with described positive incentive and is connected.
Described detecting unit comprises voltage detecting circuit, current detection circuit and temperature sensing circuit.
The number of turn of each secondary winding of described transformer is all identical.
Described cell is ferric phosphate lithium cell.
On the other hand, the invention provides a kind of novelly based on the dynamic electric weight of each cell and the series battery equalizing charge of voltage differences compensation, the method for discharge, specifically adopt following technical scheme:
A kind ofly use above-mentioned equalizing system to the method for batteries equilibrium, it is characterized in that: described positive incentive is recommended the electrical transformation that module will come from external charging system and is become the high frequency voltage Energy transfer to the former limit winding of transformer, and further the secondary winding by this transformer is averagely allocated to each charge circuit with this high frequency voltage energy; The signal that described microprocessor gathers according to described detection module amplifies voltage regulator circuit modules and regulates charging voltage and charging current in each described charge circuit by controlling all magnetic.
As to the improving and replenishing of technique scheme, the present invention further takes following technical measures or the combination in any of these technical measures:
When described batteries was connected load discharge: the total voltage at described batteries two ends fed back to described positive incentive and recommends module, and further is passed on the described transformer; The signal that described microprocessor gathers according to described detection module, the charge circuit at the cell place that conducting is under-voltage charges to this under-voltage cell.
When described batteries was charged, charge value and the magnitude of voltage of controlling all the time each cell were not more than its maximum rated value that allows; When described batteries was connected load discharge, charge value and the magnitude of voltage of controlling all the time each cell were not less than its minimum rated value that allows; Adequately protect ferric phosphate lithium cell and take full advantage of the final purpose of the electric energy of its storage to reach.
Described cell is ferric phosphate lithium cell.
Above-mentioned equalizing system provided by the present invention and method, that each cell is carried out charge independence, with the dynamic electric weight of each cell and voltage as basis for estimation, in charging process of storage battery set, because magnetic amplifies the regulating action of voltage regulator circuit module, so that each cell can obtain respectively charging voltage and the electric current of needs, realize the dynamic equalization in charging process.In the process that batteries connection load is discharged, undervoltage condition appears such as some cell, then the total voltage at batteries two ends can be fed back to the charge circuit that described positive incentive is recommended the under-voltage cell place of module conducting, this under-voltage cell is charged.Finally reach real efficient, the safe dynamic equalization charging and discharging of battery pack, can protect to greatest extent battery, give full play to the energy of battery pack.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the equalizing system syndeton schematic diagram of n cell series connection among the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the charging circuit schematic diagram that connects on cell among the present invention.
Fig. 3 is to the work schematic diagram of cell CELL-1 equalizing charge among the present invention.
Embodiment
Further set forth the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, should be understood that these embodiment only are used for explanation the present invention and are not used in restriction protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is equalizing system syndeton schematic diagram of the present invention, it comprises: the batteries that is composed in series by n cell, n magnetic amplifies the voltage regulator circuit module, n the detection module that is formed by voltage detecting circuit, current detection circuit and temperature sensing circuit respectively, a microprocessor 30, an amorphous alloy transformer 10, a positive incentive are recommended module 20, a power diode 40 that prevents batteries charging; Wherein each cell all possesses a charge circuit independently.See also Fig. 1 and 2, take first cell CELL-1 wherein as example: charge circuit is amplified voltage regulator circuit module 1b and is amplified the transformer secondary winding 1c that voltage regulator circuit module 1b is connected with this magnetic by the magnetic that is connected with cell CELL-1 and consists of.Cell CELL-1 also is connected with the detecting unit 1a that is comprised of voltage detecting circuit, current detection circuit and temperature sensing circuit.Detecting unit 1a amplifies voltage regulator circuit module 1b with magnetic and is electrically connected.The charge circuit that connects on each cell is all identical, and just the transformer secondary winding in each charge circuit all comes from the different secondary windings on the amorphous alloy transformer 10.
See also Fig. 1, the input of whole system is that positive incentive is recommended module 20, its input energy comes from 220V～electric main, positive incentive is drawn and is pushed away the former limit winding that module 20 is given amorphous alloy transformer 10 the high frequency voltage energy after the conversion, the secondary winding that this amorphous closes transformer 10 has a plurality of, and they are mean allocation, and the number of turn is the same, thereby so that the voltage and current of inputting in each charge circuit is consistent, can carry out independent charging to cell CELL1-CELLn.Microprocessor (MCU) 30 is as master controller, the collection signal of all voltage detecting circuits, current detection circuit and temperature sensing circuit is all sent in the microprocessor 30, microprocessor 30 amplifies the work of voltage regulator circuit module according to all magnetic of these signal controlling, in order to regulate charging voltage and the charging current in each charge circuit, the charging voltage of each cell is adjustable from 1～3.6V, and the electric current of each cell is adjustable from 0～15A.Adopt in real time by voltage, electric current, the temperature of detection module to cell, and carry out real-time tracking, so that the parameters such as the charging current of each cell, charging voltage, charging temperature compensation reach unanimity, the life-span of battery will prolong greatly like this, will not be owing to the inconsistent reason of the characteristic of cell, and the phenomenon of the rear damage of overcharging of individual cell even blast appears.
When battery is in discharge condition, if not adding control processes, indivedual cells will occur voltage be lower than on the same group in the situation of other cell voltage, but the total voltage of battery pack is not low, in this case, if also continue discharge after some cell is under-voltage, those batteries of low pressure will damage in advance so.Therefore the present invention also provides one preferred embodiment: described positive incentive is recommended module be series between the positive pole and negative pole of described batteries.Like this can be so that batteries when connecting load discharge, the total voltage at batteries two ends feeds back to positive incentive and recommends module 20, and further is delivered on the amorphous alloy transformer 10; Find out under-voltage some or certain several battery in external charging process by the signal of detection module collection, charge circuit by the under-voltage cell place of microprocessor 30 conductings, this under-voltage cell is charged, guarantee that farthest the voltage of they and other battery reaches unanimity.In addition, recommend the power diode 40 of also need connecting between the positive pole of module 20 and batteries at positive incentive, can be to load discharge by this diode batteries, but external charging system can not carry out the integral body charging to this batteries, in order to avoid destroy the design idea of cell being carried out charge independence.
Fig. 3 is to the work schematic diagram of cell CELL-1 equalizing charge among the present invention.As shown in Figure 3, the terminal voltage of the cell CELL-1 that is recharged, charging current, battery temperature all will be carried out real-time collection by voltage detecting circuit, current detection circuit and the temperature sensing circuit that is attached thereto, and with the communication that collects to microprocessor 30, microprocessor 30 is adjusted terminal voltage, the charging current of each cell in real time according to the otherness of the voltage between the cell, capacity, and controls the variation of its temperature.In the situation of the primary winding positive incentive of amorphous alloy transformer 10, all windings of this transformer secondary all can be sensed go out identical voltage, they have identical load driving force in theory, but amplify at magnetic under the intervention of voltage regulator circuit module, final charging voltage, charging current that they provide to cell all will be received strict restriction and control, the charging voltage of each cell is adjustable from 1～3.6V, and the electric current of each cell is adjustable from 0～15A.In whole battery pack in the process of load discharge, if there is the minority cell to be about to occur undervoltage condition, amorphous alloy transformer 10 will be obtained voltage energy to whole batteries so, by above-mentioned implementation method, again that is about to occur under-voltage cell and charges, guarantee that its voltage and capacity keep abreast with other battery.
According to said process; just finished the process that some cells can charge separately; its charging voltage; charging current can be regulated; no matter battery pack is recharged; or battery pack outwards the discharge in; can realize the independent charging of some cells; can guarantee that the cell that is cascaded can guarantee that under any state voltage approaches or capacity approaches; protection can not produce the serious overvoltage of indivedual cells in charging process; also guarantee in discharge process simultaneously; do not have individual cell seriously under-voltage, to protect to greatest extent battery, give full play to the energy of battery pack.
Foregoing description of the present invention and application are illustrative, are not to want with scope restriction of the present invention in the above-described embodiments.Here the distortion of disclosed embodiment and change is possible, and the various parts of the replacement of embodiment and equivalence are known for those those of ordinary skill in the art.Those skilled in the art are noted that in the situation that do not break away from spirit of the present invention or substantive characteristics, the present invention can realize with other forms.In the situation that do not break away from the scope of the invention and spirit, can carry out other distortion and change to disclosed embodiment here.
Claims (10)
1. a balanced system for storage battery pack is characterized in that, comprising:
Batteries comprises the cell of a plurality of series connection, all is connected with a charge circuit independently on each cell; Described charge circuit is amplified the voltage regulator circuit module and is amplified the transformer secondary winding that voltage regulator circuit module is connected with this magnetic by the magnetic that is connected with cell and consists of, and the transformer secondary winding in each charge circuit all comes from the different secondary windings of same transformer; Described magnetic amplifies the voltage regulator circuit module for charging voltage and the charging current of regulating described charge circuit;
Detection module comprises a plurality of detecting units identical with the number of described cell, each detecting unit respectively with a described charge circuit in magnetic amplify the voltage regulator circuit module and be electrically connected, for detection of voltage, electric current and the temperature of each cell;
Positive incentive is recommended module, is connected with the former limit winding of external charging system and described transformer, becomes the high frequency voltage Energy transfer to the former limit winding of described transformer for the electrical transformation that will come from external charging system; And
Microprocessor is used for the signal according to described detection module collection, controls the work that all magnetic amplification voltage regulator circuit modules and described positive incentive are recommended module.
2. balanced system for storage battery pack as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described positive incentive is recommended module and also is series between the positive pole and negative pole of described batteries.
3. balanced system for storage battery pack as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, also comprises a power diode, and the anode of described power diode is connected with the positive pole of described batteries, and the negative electrode of described power diode is recommended module with described positive incentive and is connected.
4. balanced system for storage battery pack as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described detecting unit comprises voltage detecting circuit, current detection circuit and temperature sensing circuit.
5. balanced system for storage battery pack as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the number of turn of each secondary winding of described transformer is all identical.
6. such as the arbitrary described balanced system for storage battery pack of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that, described cell is ferric phosphate lithium cell.
7. a use such as the arbitrary described balanced system for storage battery pack of claim 1-6 are to the method for batteries equilibrium, it is characterized in that: described positive incentive is recommended the electrical transformation that module will come from external charging system and is become the high frequency voltage Energy transfer to the former limit winding of transformer, and further the secondary winding by this transformer is averagely allocated to each charge circuit with this high frequency voltage energy; The signal that described microprocessor gathers according to described detection module amplifies voltage regulator circuit modules and regulates charging voltage and charging current in each described charge circuit by controlling all magnetic.
8. batteries equalization methods as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, when described batteries was connected load discharge: the total voltage at described batteries two ends fed back to described positive incentive and recommends module, and further is passed on the described transformer; The signal that described microprocessor gathers according to described detection module, the charge circuit at the cell place that conducting is under-voltage charges to this under-voltage cell.
9. batteries equalization methods as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, when described batteries was charged, charge value and the magnitude of voltage of controlling all the time each cell were not more than its maximum rated value that allows; When described batteries was connected load discharge, charge value and the magnitude of voltage of controlling all the time each cell were not less than its minimum rated value that allows.
10. such as the arbitrary described batteries equalization methods of claim 7-9, it is characterized in that, described cell is ferric phosphate lithium cell.
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| CN2011103003648A CN103036258A (en) | 2011-10-08 | 2011-10-08 | Battery pack balancing system and method |
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| CN2011103003648A CN103036258A (en) | 2011-10-08 | 2011-10-08 | Battery pack balancing system and method |
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Cited By (8)
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| CN103441554A (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2013-12-11 | 无锡交大银河科技有限公司 | Charging and discharging circuit of series battery pack and working method thereof |
| CN104716674A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2015-06-17 | 宝星电器（上海）有限公司 | Charging and discharging compensation system for series storage battery pack |
| CN104868514A (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-08-26 | 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 | Balanced current acquisition device, active balance efficiency calculation method, and system |
| CN104868185A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-08-26 | 株洲中车电气科技有限公司 | Operating method of battery pack of electric locomotive |
| CN106026285A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-10-12 | 肖兴龙 | Battery equalizer formed by multi-winding transformer |
| CN106787095A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-05-31 | 柳州铁道职业技术学院 | A kind of many gear solar charger circuits of family expenses |
| CN113872290A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2021-12-31 | 傲普(上海)新能源有限公司 | Quick and accurate storage battery pack balancing system |
| CN113904410A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-01-07 | 傲普(上海)新能源有限公司 | Low-cost storage battery pack equalization circuit and method |
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| CN113872290A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2021-12-31 | 傲普(上海)新能源有限公司 | Quick and accurate storage battery pack balancing system |
| CN113904410A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-01-07 | 傲普(上海)新能源有限公司 | Low-cost storage battery pack equalization circuit and method |
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Application publication date: 20130410 |