CN1165103C - Automatic equalizing charging device for series-connected battery set - Google Patents
Automatic equalizing charging device for series-connected battery set Download PDFInfo
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- CN1165103C CN1165103C CNB021003076A CN02100307A CN1165103C CN 1165103 C CN1165103 C CN 1165103C CN B021003076 A CNB021003076 A CN B021003076A CN 02100307 A CN02100307 A CN 02100307A CN 1165103 C CN1165103 C CN 1165103C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an automatic balance charging device for battery sets connected in series. In the existing balance charging technique with a series battery set (1) to be charged, a battery voltage signal real-time collecting and isolating circuit (2), a main control circuit board (3), an inversed charging power supply (4), a battery voltage polling and displaying circuit (6), a temperature sensor (7), an isolation drive circuit (8), a power switch (11), and a bypass branch network (12) composed of the power switch (11), a discharging network formed by the serial connection of an MOS pipe and power resistors is used for replacing the power switch and the bypass branch network composed of the power switch in the prior art so as to fast, safely and reliably charge the battery sets connected in series so that the battery sets connected in series are automatically balanced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates at automatic equalization charging equipment as the series battery of every field such as electric automobile.
Background technology
Storage battery is widely used in every field, particularly in recent years in electric automobile, and electrokinetic cell such as lithium ion battery, Ni-MH batteries etc. are regarded as one of critical component.When charging with these battery pack of tandem working mode, how guaranteeing the automatic equalization charging rapidly and efficiently of battery pack in the charging process, is to guarantee lithium ion battery, Ni-MH battery safety and reliability and a key technology giving full play to its usefulness.
At known a kind of series battery charge device, the direct current or the pulsation output that are charge power supply are charged to series battery, output voltage and electric current are adjustable, this device can not detect and control the terminal voltage of cell, thereby the harmony of battery pack is poor, influences the useful life and the usefulness of battery.
At another known series battery balanced charging device, be that each cell is adopted independently charging system, or adopt a charge power supply to have the output of many group direct currents that every group of direct current output is charged to a cell respectively.This method is simple and reliable, but in the battery pack cell quantity more for a long time, then this method implements too complicatedly, volume is bigger.
At another known series battery balanced charging device, be to adopt a cover charge power supply that series battery is charged simultaneously, and the state of every cell is monitored in real time.After reaching default charged state, arbitrary cell promptly stop charging.Stop charging modes and mainly contain dual mode: a kind of mode is that the battery that reaches the preset charged state is cut off, can adopt contactor or power electronic switching, but this mode will insert a plurality of contacts of contactor or electronic switch in series battery, certainly will influence the functional reliability of series battery, the access power electronic switch also will consume a large amount of electric power, significantly reduce the operating efficiency of battery pack, and increase the volume of series battery greatly.The second way is that the charging current of the cell that reaches the preset charged state is carried out by-pass shunt, avoids overcharging.This mode then needs by-pass current is controlled comparatively accurately, and sacrifices certain charge efficiency.
Summary of the invention
It is fast, safe and reliable to the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of compared with prior art charging rate, reaches automatic equalizing charging device for series-connected battery set.
The present invention is a kind of novel automatic equalizing charging device for series-connected battery set.According to the present invention, removed power switch of the prior art and, the substitute is discharge network by the by-pass shunt network that it is formed.Each output of its isolated drive circuit is connected on the control end of metal-oxide-semiconductor, the positive pole of the cell of series battery is connected on the metal-oxide-semiconductor input, the output of metal-oxide-semiconductor connects power resistor, and the other end of power resistor is connected on the negative pole of cell of series battery.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 has power switch and the series battery equalization charging circuit block diagram of the by-pass shunt network be made up of it in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is an automatic equalizing charging device for series-connected battery set block diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
In Fig. 1 of expression prior art automatic equalizing charging device for series-connected battery set circuit block diagram, series battery 1 is by contravariant charge power supply 4 chargings that one group of positive and negative dc output end is only arranged, when charging, the current and voltage signals of each cell of series battery feeds back to battery voltage signal and gathers and buffer circuit 2 in real time, gather with buffer circuit 2 in real time through battery voltage signal again signal is input to master control circuit board 3, meanwhile, by temperature sensor 7 temperature signal of rechargeable battery also is input to master control circuit board, master control circuit board 3 control cell voltages are patrolled and examined the voltage that shows each cell with display circuit 6, its control signal is input to charge power supply 4 and isolated drive circuit 8 again, by isolated drive circuit 8 signal is inputed to the power switch 11 of series battery parallel connection and the by-pass shunt network 12 that is made of it, thereby the output current and the output voltage of control charge power supply, and control carries out by-pass shunt to the charging current of the cell that reaches the preset charged state, avoids overcharging.
Automatic equalizing charging device for series-connected battery set of the present invention, by cover series battery 1 to be charged, battery voltage signal is gathered and buffer circuit 2 in real time, master control circuit board 3, a contravariant charge power supply 4, discharge network 5, cell voltage are patrolled and examined and display circuit 6, temperature sensor 7, isolated drive circuit 8 is formed.
Series battery to be charged can be a Li-Ion rechargeable battery, also can be Ni-MH battery etc.The capacity of each cell can be hundreds of MAH or hundreds of ampere-hour, and amount of monomer is not limit in the battery pack.
Battery voltage signal is gathered the terminal voltage of gathering each cell by lead with buffer circuit 2 in real time, and through processing and amplifying, photoelectricity is delivered to master control circuit board 3 after isolating.
Master control circuit board 3 is made of microprocessor and logic control circuit, receive battery voltage signal and gather the terminal voltage signal of each cell that transmits with buffer circuit 2 in real time, and the temperature signal of the battery pack that transmits of temperature sensor 7, the output current and the output voltage of control charge power supply, and control the higher battery cell of discharge network opposite end magnitude of voltage and discharge in right amount, control cell voltage simultaneously and patrol and examine the terminal voltage that shows each cells with display circuit 6.
Charge power supply is a kind of contravariant charge power supply, main power device has adopted IGBT (igbt) module, main circuit is made up of the IGBT inverter circuit, by to output current, Voltage Feedback, can realize output external characteristic control, thereby realize control charging current and charging voltage to charge power supply.The output current of charge power supply, voltage are looked the state decision of battery pack.
Discharge network 5 loops in parallel are made up of the power resistor 10 of metal-oxide-semiconductor 9 and series connection, are discharged by master control circuit board 3 isolation drive switch MOS management and control system discharge loops.The size of discharging current is by the size decision of power electricity group 10.Cell voltage is patrolled and examined and display circuit 6, detects each monomer battery voltage by routing inspection circuit, charactron or liquid crystal display displays.
Series battery can be a Li-Ion rechargeable battery, also can be Ni-MH battery etc.With regard to a certain battery pack, maximum charging current I
MBe meant the maximum current that battery pack can be born, the battery pack temperature rise can be not too high under this electric current, and performance is not destroyed; Most significant end voltage V
MBe meant the ceiling voltage that cell can be charged to.
The concrete charging procedure of this programme is as described below:
Export with maximum charging current I by master control borad control charge power supply earlier
MWhole series battery is charged, and the terminal voltage to each batteries in the charging process is monitored, when the terminal voltage that detects a certain the highest cell of terminal voltage near most significant end voltage V
MThe time, magnitude of voltage higher cell in opposite end carries out the trace discharge by master control borad to it, and the battery lower to terminal voltage continues charging, at this moment can suitably reduce charging current.Guarantee that the battery terminal voltage in the series battery rises synchronously, finally is charged to most significant end voltage V simultaneously
MThereby, realize the battery pack balancing charging.
In the charging process of the present invention, each monomer battery voltage of battery pack rises synchronously, has realized the equalization of battery pack, and charging process remains higher charging current for charging efficient height simultaneously.Charging process has realized intellectuality and automation.
The final charging voltage that charging process is set is exactly the most significant end voltage V of battery
M, be higher than most significant end voltage V when detecting cell voltage
MThe time, just it is discharged, do not overcharge so can not produce, guaranteed the safety of charging process.
In the charging process, battery discharge is undertaken by the mode that the MOS switching tube is connected with power resistor.
In charging process,, must monitor the temperature of battery pack for guaranteeing the safety of battery pack.In each battery combination, be provided with a temperature sensor, each battery combination is all carried out temperature detection.Temperature sensor signal input master control borad, the temperature to battery in the charging process detects in real time, when any one battery combination temperature surpasses specified charging temperature, suspends charging (output of charge closing power supply).
This characteristic feature of an invention: when charge to the series connected battery group (1), only have the contravariant charge power supply of one group of positive and negative dc output end directly series battery to be charged, adopt the method for many group direct currents output to compare with similar charger, volume of the present invention is little, in light weight, the charge efficiency height.(2) adopt discharge network to discharge in right amount for the higher cell of terminal voltage in the charging process, the voltage of each cell in the battery pack is raise synchronously, the while is sufficient, reaches the automatic equalization of series battery.(3) the final charging voltage of charging process setting is exactly the most significant end voltage V of battery
M, be higher than most significant end voltage V when detecting cell voltage
MThe time, just it is discharged, do not overcharge so can not produce, guaranteed the safety of charging process.(4) in the charging process, charging process was proceeded when the higher cell of terminal voltage was discharged, and charging rate is fast, and efficient is higher.
Below in conjunction with concrete instance the invention process is described further.
Lithium-ion-power cell series battery 1 to be charged has 84 cells to be formed, and every monomer capacity is 55Ah (ampere-hour), maximum charging current I
M, the most significant end voltage V of battery
MBe 4.15V.Each monomer two ends of battery pack are connected to battery voltage signal by lead and gather and isolating amplifier circuit 2 and discharge network 5 in real time, and isolating amplifier circuit 2 is delivered to master board 3 with voltage signal after photoelectricity is isolated.Charge power supply 4 is contravariant charge power supplies, and peak power output is 3.5Kw, and output current is 0～10A.The positive input terminal of the positive output termination battery pack of charge power supply 4, the negative input end of its negative output termination battery pack.Discharge network 5 is to be made of 84 metal-oxide-semiconductors 9 and 84 power resistors 10, is connected in parallel on the two ends of battery cell respectively.
Each output of its isolated drive circuit 8 is connected on the control end of metal-oxide-semiconductor 9, the positive pole of the cell of series battery 1 is connected on metal-oxide-semiconductor 9 inputs, the output of metal-oxide-semiconductor 9 connects power resistor 10, and the other end of power resistor 10 is connected on the negative pole of cell of series battery 1.
Charging process is: the monomer voltage of pond to be charged group is generally 3～4V, and this moment, charging current was bigger, can be 10A, provides constant direct current output by charge power supply 4.By master control borad the voltage of each batteries is monitored in the charging process, and show by cell voltage display circuit 6, when the terminal voltage that detects a certain the highest cell of terminal voltage during near most significant end voltage 4.15V, the higher cell of terminal voltage is driven discharge network 5 by master control borad 3 by isolated drive circuit 8 it is carried out the trace discharge, continue charging for the lower battery of terminal voltage simultaneously, at this moment can suitably reduce charging current.Guarantee that the battery terminal voltage in the series battery rises synchronously, finally is charged to most significant end voltage V simultaneously
MThereby, realize the battery pack balancing charging.When carrying out quantitative trace discharge by discharge network, discharging current is by the power resistor decision of discharge network, and controlled by the time relay on the master control borad discharge time.
The final charging voltage that charging process is set is exactly the most significant end voltage 4.15V of battery, when detecting cell voltage and be higher than most significant end voltage 4.15V, just it is discharged, and does not overcharge so can not produce, and has guaranteed the safety of charging process.
In charging process,, in each battery combination, be provided with a temperature sensing circuit 7 for guaranteeing the safety of battery pack.Temperature sensor signal input master control circuit board 3, the temperature to battery in the charging process detects in real time, and when any one battery combination temperature surpassed specified charging temperature, the charge closing power supply suspended charging.
Employing isolated amplifier 2 detects each cell voltage, is input to master control borad 3, is patrolled and examined with display circuit 6 by master control borad driving cell voltage to show, is convenient to observe.
Final charging result is:
The terminal voltage 4.15V of each cell ± 0.02V.
Charging process is reliable and stable, the too high phenomenon of no temperature rise.
The present invention adopts only has the contravariant charge power supply of one group of positive and negative dc output end directly series battery to be charged, and adopts the method for many group direct currents output to compare with similar charger, and volume of the present invention is little, and is in light weight.Adopt discharge network that the higher cell of terminal voltage is discharged in right amount in the charging process, the voltage of each cell in the battery pack is raise synchronously, and the while is sufficient, reaches the automatic equalization of series battery, safe and reliable, that has improved battery pack is to use efficient and life-span.Charging process can be used higher charging current, the charge efficiency height.Therefore, the present invention has excellent application value.
Claims (1)
1. automatic equalizing charging device for series-connected battery set, it comprises that series battery to be charged (1), battery voltage signal are gathered with buffer circuit (2), master control circuit board (3), contravariant charge power supply (4) in real time, cell voltage is patrolled and examined and display circuit (6), temperature sensor (7), isolated drive circuit (8); The series connected battery group is by contravariant charge power supply (4) charging that one group of positive and negative dc output end is only arranged, the current/voltage of the cell of series battery during charging (1) feeds back to battery voltage signal and gathers and buffer circuit (2) in real time, through it signal is input to master control circuit board (3), meanwhile the temperature of rechargeable battery is imported master control circuit board (3) by temperature sensor (7) with signal, master control circuit board (3) promptly inputs to cell voltage to signal and patrols and examines and display circuit (6), be defeated by charge power supply (4) and isolated drive circuit (8) again, it is characterized in that: each output at isolated drive circuit (8) is connected on the control end of metal-oxide-semiconductor (9), the positive pole of the cell of series battery (1) is connected on metal-oxide-semiconductor (9) input, the output of metal-oxide-semiconductor (9) connects power resistor (10), and the other end of power resistor (10) is connected on the negative pole of cell of series battery (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021003076A CN1165103C (en) | 2002-01-07 | 2002-01-07 | Automatic equalizing charging device for series-connected battery set |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021003076A CN1165103C (en) | 2002-01-07 | 2002-01-07 | Automatic equalizing charging device for series-connected battery set |
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| CN1367565A CN1367565A (en) | 2002-09-04 |
| CN1165103C true CN1165103C (en) | 2004-09-01 |
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| CNB021003076A Expired - Fee Related CN1165103C (en) | 2002-01-07 | 2002-01-07 | Automatic equalizing charging device for series-connected battery set |
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Cited By (1)
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| WO2012068734A1 (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2012-05-31 | Kenneth Hamilton Norton | Battery management system and method |
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- 2002-01-07 CN CNB021003076A patent/CN1165103C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| WO2012068734A1 (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2012-05-31 | Kenneth Hamilton Norton | Battery management system and method |
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| CN1367565A (en) | 2002-09-04 |
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