CN107215221B - Series battery distributed active non-dissipative equalization circuit, battery and automobile - Google Patents
Series battery distributed active non-dissipative equalization circuit, battery and automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN107215221B CN107215221B CN201710364504.5A CN201710364504A CN107215221B CN 107215221 B CN107215221 B CN 107215221B CN 201710364504 A CN201710364504 A CN 201710364504A CN 107215221 B CN107215221 B CN 107215221B
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
- B60L58/13—Maintaining the SoC within a determined range
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a series battery pack distributed active non-dissipative equalization circuit, a battery pack and an automobile. At least two distributed slave boards, a main control board, a current sensor and a storage battery are arranged; each distributed slave board corresponds to one serial battery pack and is electrically connected with the storage battery through a power supply circuit, and the distributed slave boards are used for carrying out charge-discharge equalization on the single batteries of the serial battery packs through the storage battery; the current sensor is arranged in the power supply circuit and is electrically connected with the main control board; the power supply circuit is used for collecting the current output by the series battery pack in the power supply circuit; the main control board is connected with the distributed slave board and the storage battery, and is used for obtaining the SOC parameters of each single battery in the series battery pack according to the current acquired by the current sensor, and controlling the distributed slave board to charge and discharge the single batteries of the series battery pack according to the SOC parameters. The balanced distributed design of the battery is realized, the circuit structure and the layout design are simplified, and the distributed design simultaneously splits the current acquisition process, so that the working precision is more accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a distributed active non-dissipative equalization circuit of a series battery pack, the battery pack and an automobile.
Background
The general non-dissipative active equalization slave board scheme adopts centralized arrangement, an energy sharing track is designed to exchange energy among single units or multiple single units, the track is respectively connected to a battery pack BUS+ and BUS-, and the number of battery strings collected and equalized by a slave board is larger; when the number of the battery strings is larger than the number of the slave board design strings, increasing the number of the slave boards in a modularized mode; all the currents of the battery pack are output by the total positive and total negative interfaces of the battery pack, and then are converted into low voltage 12 or 24V by the vehicle-mounted DCDC to power the vehicle-mounted electric appliance and charge the storage battery. This mature mode suffers from the disadvantages:
1. the centralized arrangement has the advantages of more strings, longer voltage sampling lines and different lengths, so that the voltage acquisition precision is slightly poor, the space is occupied, and the weight is large.
2. The adopted energy sharing track is respectively connected to the battery pack BUS+ and BUS-, and the bidirectional DCDC has large voltage-lifting amplitude.
3. When the battery pack only supplies power to the vehicle-mounted low-power electric appliance, the current collection precision is poor. .
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a series battery pack distributed active non-dissipative equalization circuit, a battery pack and an automobile, and solves the defects of complex overall layout and low working precision of a centralized battery equalization scheme in the prior art.
In order to realize the design, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the first aspect adopts a series battery distributed active non-dissipative equalization circuit, which comprises at least two distributed slave boards, a main control board, a current sensor and a storage battery;
each distributed slave board corresponds to one serial battery pack and is electrically connected with the storage battery through a power supply circuit, and the distributed slave boards are used for carrying out charge-discharge equalization on single batteries of the serial battery packs through the storage battery;
the current sensor is arranged in the power supply circuit and is electrically connected with the main control board; the power supply circuit is used for collecting the current output by the series battery pack at the power supply circuit;
the main control board is connected with the distributed slave board and the storage battery, and is used for obtaining the SOC parameters of each single battery in the series battery pack according to the current collected by the current sensor, and controlling the distributed slave board to charge and discharge the single battery of the series battery pack according to the SOC parameters.
The distributed slave board comprises a micro control unit MCU, an isolated direct current converter and a plurality of relay switches;
a first connecting node is arranged between two ends of the series battery pack and two adjacent single batteries; the relay switch comprises a first switch group, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, a fifth switch and a sixth switch;
the first ends of the relay switches in the first switch group are connected with the first connecting points in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the relay switches in the first switch group are numbered according to the positive and negative directions of the series battery groups; the second ends of the relay switches with odd numbers are connected with the second connecting point, and the second ends of the relay switches with even numbers are connected with the third connecting point;
the first ends of the second switch and the fourth switch are connected with the second connection point; the first ends of the third switch and the fifth switch are connected with the third connection point; the second ends of the second switch and the third switch are connected with the negative electrode of the first end of the isolated direct current converter; the second ends of the fourth switch and the fifth switch are connected with the positive electrode of the first end of the isolated direct current converter;
the first end of the sixth switch is connected with the negative electrode of the series battery pack, and the second end of the sixth switch is connected with the third connection point;
the second end of the isolated direct current converter is connected with the storage battery, the controlled end of the relay switch is connected with the control end of the MCU, and the MCU is connected with the storage battery.
The isolated direct current converter comprises a bidirectional direct current converter control chip and a transformer.
The master control board is connected with the distributed slave boards through a CAN bus.
Wherein the CAN bus comprises an ISO11898 protocol bus and/or an SAE J1939 protocol bus.
Wherein, the storage battery is a 12V or 24V low-voltage battery.
Wherein, the power supply circuit is pencil or PCB circuit.
Wherein, MCU is 16 bit control chip.
A second aspect employs a battery pack comprising a series battery pack distributed active non-dissipative equalization circuit as described in any of the preceding claims.
A third aspect employs an automobile comprising a battery pack as described above.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: at least two distributed slave boards, a main control board, a current sensor and a storage battery are arranged; each distributed slave board corresponds to one serial battery pack and is electrically connected with the storage battery through a power supply circuit, and the distributed slave boards are used for carrying out charge-discharge equalization on single batteries of the serial battery packs through the storage battery; the current sensor is arranged in the power supply circuit and is electrically connected with the main control board; the power supply circuit is used for collecting the current output by the series battery pack at the power supply circuit; the main control board is connected with the distributed slave board and the storage battery, and is used for obtaining the SOC parameters of each single battery in the series battery pack according to the current collected by the current sensor, and controlling the distributed slave board to charge and discharge the single battery of the series battery pack according to the SOC parameters. The balanced distributed design of the battery is realized, the circuit structure and the layout design are simplified, and the distributed design simultaneously splits the current acquisition process, so that the working precision is more accurate.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will briefly explain the drawings needed in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the contents of the embodiments of the present invention and these drawings without inventive effort for those skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a topology diagram of a series battery distributed active non-dissipative equalization circuit provided in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed slave board in a distributed active non-dissipative equalization circuit for a series battery provided in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a distributed active non-dissipative equalization circuit for a series battery provided in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to further describe the technical means and effects adopted by the invention to achieve the preset aim, the following detailed description refers to the specific implementation, characteristics and effects of the distributed active non-dissipative equalization circuit of the series battery, the battery and the automobile according to the invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings and the preferred embodiment.
Please refer to fig. 1 to 3, which are respectively a topology diagram of a distributed active non-dissipation type equalization circuit of a serial battery pack, a schematic structural diagram of a distributed slave board in the distributed active non-dissipation type equalization circuit of the serial battery pack, and a schematic structural diagram of an overall structure of the distributed active non-dissipation type equalization circuit of the serial battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the equalization circuit includes at least two distributed slave boards 10, a master control board 20, a current sensor 60 and a storage battery 30;
each of the distributed slave boards 10 corresponds to one serial battery pack and is electrically connected with the storage battery 30 through a power supply circuit 40, so as to charge and discharge the single cells of the serial battery pack through the storage battery 30;
the current sensor 60 is disposed in the power supply circuit 40 and electrically connected to the main control board 20; for collecting the current output by the series battery pack at the power supply circuit 40;
the main control board 20 is connected with the distributed slave board 10 and the storage battery 30, and is configured to obtain SOC parameters of each unit cell in the serial battery pack according to the current collected by the current sensor 60, and control the distributed slave board 10 to perform charge-discharge equalization on the unit cells of the serial battery pack according to the SOC parameters.
In the scheme, the power supply of the distributed slave board 10, namely the storage battery 30 is used as an energy sharing medium, so that modules with different charge amounts can be balanced through the low-voltage track sharing energy, and the flow of balancing monomers with smaller charge amounts among batteries by quickly calling the charge amount of the vehicle-mounted storage battery 30, along with high parallel balancing speed and reduced balancing is realized.
Based on the design, non-dissipation active equalization is realized, distributed arrangement is realized, a distributed slave plate can be embedded and installed on a battery module, a voltage sampling wire harness is greatly simplified, only power supply and communication wire harnesses are arranged in a Pack, space occupation and importance are reduced, and production workload is reduced. Overall, the balanced distributed design of the battery is realized, the circuit structure and the layout design are simplified, and the distributed design simultaneously splits the current acquisition process, so that the working accuracy is more accurate.
In a specific implementation, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the distributed slave board 10 includes a micro control unit MCU 14, an isolated dc converter 13, and a plurality of relay switches 12;
a first connection node is arranged between two ends of the series battery pack and two adjacent single batteries 11; the relay switch 12 includes a first switch group, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, a fifth switch, and a sixth switch;
the first ends of the relay switches 12 in the first switch group are connected with the first connecting points in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the relay switches 12 in the first switch group are numbered according to the positive and negative directions of the series battery groups; the second ends of the relay switches 12 with odd numbers are connected with the second connection point, and the second ends of the relay switches 12 with even numbers are connected with the third connection point;
the first ends of the second switch and the fourth switch are connected with the second connection point; the first ends of the third switch and the fifth switch are connected with the third connection point; the second ends of the second switch and the third switch are connected with the negative electrode of the first end of the isolated direct current converter 13; the second ends of the fourth switch and the fifth switch are connected with the positive electrode of the first end of the isolated direct current converter 13;
the first end of the sixth switch is connected with the negative electrode of the series battery pack, and the second end of the sixth switch is connected with the third connection point;
the second end of the isolated direct current converter 13 is connected with the storage battery 30, the controlled end of the relay switch 12 is connected with the control end of the MCU 14, and the MCU 14 is connected with the storage battery 30.
In fig. 2 and 3, taking the serial connection of 6 unit cells 11 as an example, the unit cells 11 are numbered a and b … … in sequence from left to right (the numbers of the unit cells are not all identified in fig. 2 and 3), and the numbers of the unit cells 11 are sequentially obtained; the switches are generally divided into a first switch group, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, a fifth switch and a sixth switch according to different connection objects, wherein the first switch group is connected with the single battery 11, and are numbered (1), (2) and (3) … … in sequence according to the positive and negative directions of the battery (the numbers of the first switch group are not all marked in fig. 2 and 3), and the second switch, the third switch, the fourth switch and the fifth switch are numbered (4), (5), (6) and (7) respectively for convenience of subsequent description. According to the connection setting of the relay switches 12 described above in connection with fig. 2, it CAN be confirmed that a series battery pack composed of n single cells 11 requires n+1 relay switches 12 to form a first switch group, two ends of the single cell 11 are respectively provided with one switch, the right end of the last single cell 11 is provided with two switches, 5 relay switches 12 are additionally provided, n+6 switches are required in total, the odd and even relay switches 12 are respectively connected to two rails (i.e., the second connection point and the third connection point), the two rails are respectively connected with the two relay switches 12 (refer to the connection relation of (4), (5), (6), (7) in fig. 2 in particular), both rails are connected to the first end of the isolated dc converter 13 through the relay switches 12, i.e., one input/output port of the isolated dc converter 13, the second end of the isolated dc converter 13, i.e., the other input/output port of the isolated dc converter 13 is connected with the power supply circuit 40, the power supply circuit 40 is used as an energy transmission channel, and the plurality of distributed power supply boards 10 and the distributed communication boards 20 are subjected to the equalization via the bus 50. The sixth switch can be matched with the leftmost switch, namely the switch (1), so that the whole battery module is connected into the circuit for discharging at the same time, and the maximum output power is realized.
After the distributed slave board 10 receives the command of the master control board 20, it starts to process the unit cells 11 that need to be equalized. When the battery 11 with the excessively low SOC needs to be charged, assuming the battery (1), the MCU 14 controls the switches (1), (2), (5) and (6) at the two ends of the battery 11 to be closed, so that the positive and negative poles of the battery (1) are correctly connected to the positive and negative poles of the first end of the isolated DC converter 13, then the isolated DC converter 13 is controlled to operate, the charge of the storage battery 30 is transferred to the battery (1), the SOC of the battery (1) is improved to reach the balanced standard, and then the switches (1), (2), (5) and (6) are disconnected; after the processing of the unit cells (1) is completed, the unit cells 11 having excessively low SOC are processed one by one in the same way.
When an excessively high SOC monomer is required to be discharged, the MCU 14 controls the switches (2), (3), (4) and (7) at the two ends of the monomer to be closed, so that the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the monomer are correctly connected into the positive electrode and the negative electrode of one end of the isolated direct current converter 13, then the isolated direct current converter 13 is controlled to operate by controlling the output control command, the charge of the monomer battery (2) is transferred to the storage battery 30, the SOC of the monomer battery (2) is reduced, the monomer battery (2) reaches the balanced standard, and then the switches (2), (3), (4) and (7) are disconnected; after the processing of the unit cells (2) is completed, the unit cells 11 having excessively high SOC are processed one by one in the same way.
When the storage battery 30 needs to be charged or the power is supplied to the piezoelectric device, the plurality of distributed slave boards 10 output proper currents at each single battery 11 according to the command of the main control board 20, power is supplied to the low-voltage electric device and the storage battery 30, meanwhile, the balance of the module and the single battery can be completed, and the current sensor 60 of the energy sharing track, for example, the Hall current sensor 60 collects the currents output by the battery pack at the track and is used for estimating parameters such as SOC.
The relay switch 12 in this solution may be a MOSFET switch or an optical relay switch, and the overall requirement is that a corresponding signal (an electrical signal or an optical signal) can be generated to drive on or off after receiving a corresponding control instruction.
Wherein, the isolated DC converter 13 comprises a bidirectional DC converter control chip and a transformer.
Wherein, the master control board 20 is connected with the distributed slave boards 10 through a CAN bus 50.
Wherein the CAN bus 50 comprises an ISO11898 protocol bus and/or an SAE J1939 protocol bus.
Wherein, the storage battery 30 is a 12V or 24V low-voltage battery.
Wherein, the power supply circuit 40 is a wire harness or a PCB circuit.
Wherein, the MCU 14 is a 16-bit control chip.
The embodiment of the invention adopts a battery pack, which comprises the distributed active non-dissipative equalization circuit of the series battery pack in any embodiment.
The embodiment of the invention also adopts an automobile, comprising the battery pack.
After the battery pack and the automobile adopt the distributed active non-dissipative equalization circuit of the series battery pack, the battery pack and the automobile have the same technical effects correspondingly, and further description is omitted here.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, but is intended to be limited to the following embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent changes and variations in the above-mentioned embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The distributed active non-dissipative equalization circuit of the series battery pack is characterized by comprising at least two distributed slave boards, a main control board, a current sensor and a storage battery;
each distributed slave board corresponds to one serial battery pack and is electrically connected with the storage battery through a power supply circuit, and the distributed slave boards are used for carrying out charge-discharge equalization on single batteries of the serial battery packs through the storage battery;
the current sensor is arranged in the power supply circuit and is electrically connected with the main control board; the power supply circuit is used for collecting the current output by the series battery pack at the power supply circuit;
the main control board is connected with the distributed slave board and the storage battery, and is used for obtaining the SOC parameters of each single battery in the series battery pack according to the current acquired by the current sensor and controlling the distributed slave board to charge and discharge the single batteries of the series battery pack according to the SOC parameters;
the distributed slave board comprises a micro control unit MCU, an isolated direct current converter and a plurality of relay switches;
a first connecting node is arranged between two ends of the series battery pack and two adjacent single batteries; the relay switch comprises a first switch group, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, a fifth switch and a sixth switch;
the first ends of the relay switches in the first switch group are connected with the first connecting points in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the relay switches in the first switch group are numbered according to the positive and negative directions of the series battery groups; the second ends of the relay switches with odd numbers are connected with the second connecting point, and the second ends of the relay switches with even numbers are connected with the third connecting point;
the first ends of the second switch and the fourth switch are connected with the second connection point; the first ends of the third switch and the fifth switch are connected with the third connection point; the second ends of the second switch and the third switch are connected with the negative electrode of the first end of the isolated direct current converter; the second ends of the fourth switch and the fifth switch are connected with the positive electrode of the first end of the isolated direct current converter;
the first end of the sixth switch is connected with the negative electrode of the series battery pack, and the second end of the sixth switch is connected with the third connection point;
the second end of the isolated direct current converter is connected with the storage battery, the controlled end of the relay switch is connected with the control end of the MCU, and the MCU is connected with the storage battery;
the main control board is connected with the distributed slave boards through a CAN bus.
2. The distributed active non-dissipative equalization circuit of a series battery of claim 1, wherein the isolated dc converter comprises a bi-directional dc converter control chip and a transformer.
3. The series battery distributed active non-dissipative equalization circuit of claim 1, wherein the CAN bus comprises an ISO11898 protocol bus and/or an SAE J1939 protocol bus.
4. The distributed active non-dissipative equalization circuit of a series battery of claim 1, wherein the battery is a 12V or 24V low voltage battery.
5. The distributed active non-dissipative equalization circuit of a series battery of any of claims 1-4, wherein the power supply circuit is a wire harness or PCB circuit.
6. The distributed active non-dissipative equalization circuit of a series battery of claim 1, wherein the MCU is a 16-bit control chip.
7. A battery comprising a series-connected battery distributed active non-dissipative equalization circuit as defined in any of claims 1-6.
8. An automobile comprising the battery pack of claim 7.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710364504.5A CN107215221B (en) | 2017-05-22 | 2017-05-22 | Series battery distributed active non-dissipative equalization circuit, battery and automobile |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710364504.5A CN107215221B (en) | 2017-05-22 | 2017-05-22 | Series battery distributed active non-dissipative equalization circuit, battery and automobile |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107215221A CN107215221A (en) | 2017-09-29 |
| CN107215221B true CN107215221B (en) | 2023-09-05 |
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| CN201710364504.5A Active CN107215221B (en) | 2017-05-22 | 2017-05-22 | Series battery distributed active non-dissipative equalization circuit, battery and automobile |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107769316B (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2021-05-11 | 许继电源有限公司 | Online equalization system of battery pack and battery |
| CN114665577B (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-07-29 | 南京博兰得电子科技有限公司 | Battery pack charging and discharging device |
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| CN1367565A (en) * | 2002-01-07 | 2002-09-04 | 北京航空航天大学 | Automatic equalizing charging device for series-connected battery set |
| DE102010037094A1 (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2012-02-23 | Hochschule Regensburg | Charge equalization circuit for e.g. lithium ion battery cells of vehicle, has connection unit delivering battery cell via direct current/direct current converter selectively either with another battery cell or connecting third cell |
| CN204732926U (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-10-28 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of battery set charge/discharge equalizing circuit |
| CN105406526A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-03-16 | 北方工业大学 | Novel Buck-Boost converter and integrated design circuit of charge and discharge circuit and equalizing circuit |
| CN207225102U (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2018-04-13 | 惠州亿纬锂能股份有限公司 | Series-connected cell distribution type active nondissipative equalization circuit, battery pack and automobile |
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| CN1367565A (en) * | 2002-01-07 | 2002-09-04 | 北京航空航天大学 | Automatic equalizing charging device for series-connected battery set |
| DE102010037094A1 (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2012-02-23 | Hochschule Regensburg | Charge equalization circuit for e.g. lithium ion battery cells of vehicle, has connection unit delivering battery cell via direct current/direct current converter selectively either with another battery cell or connecting third cell |
| CN204732926U (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-10-28 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of battery set charge/discharge equalizing circuit |
| CN105406526A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-03-16 | 北方工业大学 | Novel Buck-Boost converter and integrated design circuit of charge and discharge circuit and equalizing circuit |
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| CN107215221A (en) | 2017-09-29 |
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