Background technology
Electric motor cars etc. be take the power supply that equipment that power supply is kinetic energy uses and conventionally by a plurality of power brick (also referred to as battery pack), are formed, for example, the power supply being formed by 5 Battery pack groups, wherein in 4 groups every group by 24 batteries series connection, formed, another group is in series by 18 batteries, altogether forms the power supply being in series by 114 batteries.When electric motor car is worked, described 114 batteries discharge simultaneously, and to provide electric motor car work required electric energy, when electric motor car charges, these 114 batteries charge simultaneously, with energy reserve.But along with the use of electric motor car, these 114 batteries can engender charging and/or the inhomogeneous situation of discharging.This will directly cause some battery to be restarted in overcharging or excessively putting state, thereby reduce the useful life of these batteries, and then the useful life of 114 batteries is inhomogeneous.In battery pack, if having any one battery premature termination life-span in 24 or 18 batteries in a group, this Battery pack needs whole group of replacement, so that the useful life of having reduced whole Battery pack.
So the power brick that power brick in prior art, especially secondary cell form there will be the energy of part battery unbalanced so that affect the situation of the use of whole power supply.Yet along with the development of energy crisis, secondary cell has obtained application more and more widely.Secondary cell for example lithium battery has many advantages, but it still exists some shortcomings.For example, stored energy is few, the performance complexity of connection in series-parallel use, battery electric quantity calculation difficult to estimate, battery etc.So secondary cell needs battery management system (BMS, BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM) to support the use conventionally, to detect preferably and to manage battery.BMS can be in battery charge and discharge process, and the parameters such as the terminal voltage of every battery in Real-time Collection battery pack and temperature, charging and discharging currents and power brick total voltage, to prevent the phenomenons such as battery overcharges or excessively put.BMS can provide battery condition in time simultaneously, picks out problematic battery, to keep whole Battery pack reliability of operation and high efficiency.
When BMS carries out balancing energy to power brick in prior art, conventionally need to adopt equal power device (equalizer switch pipe); but; when equalizer switch pipe occurs that short circuit is abnormal; BMS loses the function of battery being carried out to balance protection; and BMS lacks the function whether detection equalizer switch pipe occurs short circuit in prior art, so that BMS sometimes cannot realize battery balanced and then the power brick life-span is reduced.
Be understandable that, the statement of this part only provides the background information relevant to the utility model, may form or not form so-called prior art.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is cannot detect the whether defect that reduces of short circuit so that power brick life-span of equalizer switch pipe for battery management system in prior art, provides a kind of and can detect the whether short circuit improve the battery management system in power brick life-span of equalizer switch pipe.
The utility model solves the technical scheme that its technical problem adopts and is to provide a kind of cell managing device, and it comprises: several for battery is carried out balanced balance module, for gather described balance module operating voltage and by described operating voltage be converted to digital signal sample conversion module, several for control the break-make between each balance module and sample conversion module and control balance module equalizer switch pipe break-make switch module and for controlling above-mentioned each module work and judging the whether control module of short circuit of equalizer switch pipe; Wherein, the two ends of each battery be electrically connected to one described in balance module, described switch module is connected between a balance module and sample conversion module, control module is electrically connected to described sample conversion module and switch module simultaneously; Each balance module comprises: resistance R 1, R2, R3 and equalizer switch pipe Q1; The positive pole of one termination one battery of resistance R 1, its other end connects source electrode or the emitter of equalizer switch pipe Q1 by resistance R 3, and the described other end of resistance R 1 meets the first end S1 of a switch module simultaneously; The negative pole of a battery described in one termination of resistance R 2, drain electrode or the collector electrode of its another termination equalizer switch pipe Q1, the described other end of resistance R 2 meets the second end S2 of described switch module simultaneously, and the grid of equalizer switch pipe Q1 or base stage meet the 3rd end S3 of described switch module.
In above-mentioned cell managing device, described switch module comprises the first switching tube Q2, second switch pipe Q3, the 3rd switching tube Q4 and the 4th switching tube Q5;
Wherein, grid or the base stage of the first switching tube Q2, second switch pipe Q3, the 3rd switching tube Q4 and the 4th switching tube Q5 all connect described control module; The described other end of the source electrode of the first switching tube Q2 or emitter while connecting resistance R1 and drain electrode or the collector electrode of second switch pipe Q3, its drain electrode or collector electrode connect grid or the base stage of source electrode or emitter and the equalizer switch pipe Q1 of the 3rd switching tube Q4 simultaneously; Source electrode or the emitter of second switch pipe Q3 connect sample conversion module; The described other end of the drain electrode of the 3rd switching tube Q4 or collector electrode connecting resistance R2; The described other end of the source electrode of the 4th switching tube Q5 or emitter connecting resistance R2, its drain electrode or collector electrode connect sample conversion module.
In above-mentioned cell managing device, also comprise the communication interface being electrically connected to control module and the timer being electrically connected to communication interface, timer is electrically connected to control module simultaneously.
In above-mentioned cell managing device, described timer is house dog.
In above-mentioned cell managing device, described each balance module also comprises the capacitor C 1 for filtering, and capacitor C 1 is connected between the described other end and ground of resistance R 1.
In above-mentioned cell managing device, described each balance module also comprises resistance R 4, and resistance R 4 is connected between the described other end of resistance R 1 and the first end S1 of described switch module.
In above-mentioned cell managing device, described each balance module also comprises the capacitor C 2 for filtering, and capacitor C 2 is connected between the described other end and ground of resistance R 2.
In above-mentioned cell managing device, described equalizer switch pipe Q1 is field effect transistor.
In above-mentioned cell managing device, also comprise the alarm module for equalizer switch tube short circuit alarm, described alarm module is electrically connected to described control module.
In above-mentioned cell managing device, described the first switching tube Q2, second switch pipe Q3, the 3rd switching tube Q4 and the 4th switching tube Q5 are field effect transistor.
In the cell managing device that the utility model provides, it controls the work of modules by control module, the break-make of control module control switch module, switch module can be controlled the break-make of equalizer switch pipe in balance module, when switch module, control and make after the disconnection of equalizer switch pipe, control module control switch module is connected balance module and sample conversion module, and then detect the operating voltage at balance module place, to obtain the residing state of each battery, the result of the operating voltage of the balance module that control module is obtained according to sample conversion module and predetermined value comparison can be judged the whether short circuit of equalizer switch pipe, so the cell managing device that the utility model provides is when having basic management battery functi on, it can also detect equalizer switch pipe in balance module and whether occur that short circuit is abnormal, and then the life-span that can improve battery pack, and, it is simple in structure, cost is lower.
Embodiment
Clearer for technical problem, technical scheme and beneficial effect that the utility model is solved, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain the utility model, and be not used in restriction the utility model.
In description of the present utility model, it will be appreciated that, term " longitudinally ", " laterally ", " on ", D score, " front ", " afterwards ", " left side ", " right side ", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end " " interior ", orientation or the position relationship of indications such as " outward " are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, only the utility model and simplified characterization for convenience of description, rather than device or the element of indication or hint indication must have specific orientation, with specific orientation structure and operation, therefore can not be interpreted as restriction of the present utility model.
The cell managing device that the utility model provides is mainly used in administration battery pack, and it is mainly for secondary cell, for example iron cell.Referring to shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, the cell managing device that the utility model provides mainly comprises: sample conversion module 2, control module 1, several balance modules 4 and several switch modules 3.Balance module 4 described in the two ends electrical connection one of each battery, described switch module 3 is connected between a balance module 4 and sample conversion module 2, and control module 1 is electrically connected to described sample conversion module 2 and switch module 3 simultaneously.Wherein, the two ends of each battery are electrically connected to a balance module 4, to carry out equilibrium by 4 pairs of these batteries of this balance module, and then make in battery pack each battery in balanced state.Sample conversion module 2 is for gathering the operating voltage of balance module 4 and being converted into digital signal, and its operating voltage by the balance module 4 of collection can be obtained the operating state of each battery indirectly.Between each balance module 4 and sample conversion module 2, be provided with a switch module 3, whether this switch module 3 allows sample conversion module 2 go to gather the operating state of this balance module 4 for the break-make of controlling between each balance module 4 and sample conversion module 2 to control, switch module 3 is also for controlling the break-make of balance module 4 equalizer switch pipes, be the unlatching of control module 1 control switch module 3 or close, by the operating state of switch module 3, can control the whether conducting of equalizer switch pipe.Control module 1 is for the work of control switch module 3 and sample conversion module 2, and then by switch module 3, both can control balance module 4 and whether carry out equilibrium, and the data that control module 1 is obtained according to sample conversion module 2 can be judged operating state the corresponding management battery of battery, for example, allow battery discharge to realize equilibrium.And the data that control module 1 can also be obtained according to sample conversion module 2 are judged the whether short circuit of equalizer switch pipe.Each balance module 4 comprises: resistance R 1, R2, R3 and equalizer switch pipe Q1; The positive pole of one termination one battery of resistance R 1, its other end connects source electrode or the emitter of equalizer switch pipe Q1 by resistance R 3, and the described other end of resistance R 1 meets the first end S1 of a switch module 3 simultaneously; The negative pole of a battery described in one termination of resistance R 2, drain electrode or the collector electrode of its another termination equalizer switch pipe Q1, the described other end of resistance R 2 meets the second end S2 of described switch module 3 simultaneously, and the grid of equalizer switch pipe Q1 or base stage meet the 3rd end S3 of described switch module 3.
Cell managing device that the utility model provides is realized and is detected equalizer switch pipe the operation principle of short circuit is roughly as follows:
Detecting equalizer switch pipe whether during short circuit, first, control module 1 control switch module 3, and then switch module 3 disconnects equalizer switch pipe in balance module 4.Then, control module 1 detects in each balance module 4 the whether short circuit of equalizer switch pipe, and the control module 1 of take below detects equalizer switch pipe in a balance module 4, and whether short circuit is example.Control module 1 is sent instruction and is made a switch module closure, so that sample conversion module 2 and a balance module are connected.Example as shown in Figure 3, so, the first end S1 of switch module 3 and the second end S2 are access in a balance module, make sample conversion module 2 detect the voltage V1 at first end S1 place and the voltage V2 at the second end S2 place, control module 1 compares the predeterminated voltage Vset in the difference V0 of voltage V1 and V2 and control module 1, if voltage V0 is greater than voltage Vset, shows equalizer switch tube short circuit, otherwise show that equalizer switch pipe does not have short circuit.Concrete test process and principle are as follows, during test, first close Q1, record voltage V1, then open Q1, record voltage V2, (V1-V2)=V0.Judge whether switching tube Q1 has short circuit: if (V1-V2) >Vset, switching tube Q1 short circuit, otherwise, with V2, replace V1, that survey next time is V2, recursion is gone down successively.Because when there is short circuit in equalizer switch pipe Q1, battery cell, resistance R 1, resistance R 3, equalizer switch pipe Q1 and resistance R 2 form loop, while ignoring MOSFET pressure drop, V0=V-V*R3/ (R1+R2+R3), V is the current rated voltage of this cell, and predeterminated voltage Vset can be default according to resistance value.If V0>Vset, switching tube Q1 short circuit.For example: recording V1 is 3.2V, and V2 is 3.0V, and Vset is made as 0.1V, V0={V-V*R3/ (R1+R2+R3) }=0.2, so the large Vset of V0, so Q1 short circuit.
Simultaneously, cooperation due to resistance R 3 and equalizer switch pipe, when battery in battery pack electric weight is unbalanced, control module 1 is controlled and is made the too high battery of electric weight start electric discharge, even if equalizer switch pipe Q1 is closed, on battery, too high energy can consume by resistance R 3, and then realizes each energy content of battery equilibrium in battery pack.And control module 1 can be understood the state of each battery at any time in conjunction with switch module 3 and sample conversion module 2, and then control module 1 is sent instruction to manage each battery.So, when the cell managing device that the utility model provides has basic management battery functi on, it can also detect equalizer switch pipe in balance module 4 and whether occur that short circuit is abnormal, and then can improve the life-span of battery pack, and it is simple in structure, cost is lower.
In the preferred embodiment providing at the utility model, control module 1 is also electrically connected with alarm module, for equalizer switch tube short circuit alarm.Be that control module 1 is carried out sound by alarm module when detecting equalizer switch pipe and occurring that short circuit is abnormal and/or light is reported to the police, to point out user in time the equalizer switch pipe of short circuit to be repaired or replaced.
Further, switch module 3 can comprise the first switching tube Q2, second switch pipe Q3, the 3rd switching tube Q4 and the 4th switching tube Q5; Wherein, the grid (or base stage) of the first switching tube Q2, second switch pipe Q3, the 3rd switching tube Q4 and the 4th switching tube Q5 all connects control module 1; The described other end of the source electrode of the first switching tube Q2 (or emitter) while connecting resistance R1 and the drain electrode (or collector electrode) of second switch pipe Q3, its drain electrode (or collector electrode) connects the source electrode (or emitter) of the 3rd switching tube Q4 and the grid (or base stage) of equalizer switch pipe Q1 simultaneously; The source electrode (or emitter) of second switch pipe Q3 connects sample conversion module 2; The described other end of the drain electrode of the 3rd switching tube Q4 (or collector electrode) connecting resistance R2; The described other end of the source electrode of the 4th switching tube Q5 (or emitter) connecting resistance R2, its drain electrode (or collector electrode) connects sample conversion module 2.The first switching tube Q2, second switch pipe Q3, the 3rd switching tube Q4 and the 4th switching tube Q5 can be all various common switching tubes, for example triode, field effect transistor, IGBT, preferably, the first switching tube Q2, second switch pipe Q3, the 3rd switching tube Q4 and the 4th switching tube Q5 are field effect transistor, so that circuit is integrated and its corresponding speed is fast, low in energy consumption.In like manner, preferably, equalizer switch pipe Q1 is field effect transistor.For example, when above-mentioned each switching tube is replaced field effect transistor by triode, in connecting circuit structure, the base stage of triode is corresponding to the grid of field effect transistor, and its collector electrode is corresponding to the drain electrode of field effect transistor, and its emitter is corresponding to the source electrode of field effect transistor.
In above preferred embodiment, the operation principle of each switch module 3 is as follows: the ON time of the first switching tube Q2 and the 3rd switching tube Q4 is complementary, when the first switching tube Q2 conducting, the 3rd switching tube Q4 cut-off, when the first switching tube Q2 cut-off, the 3rd switching tube Q4 conducting.Control module 1 break-make by controlling the first switching tube and the 3rd switching tube is controlled whether conducting of equalizer switch pipe Q1 to realize.Control module 1 by controlling second switch pipe Q3 and the 4th switching tube Q5, whether whether connect with this balance module 4 to realize control sample conversion module 2 by conducting, and then determine whether sample conversion module 2 can detect the operating voltage of balance module 4, when second switch pipe Q3 and the equal conducting of the 4th switching tube Q5, sample conversion module 2 can be obtained above-mentioned voltage V0, and then control module 1 can relatively be judged whether short circuit of equalizer switch pipe Q1 according to voltage V0.
Again participate in shown in Fig. 2 to Fig. 4, in the preferred embodiment providing at the utility model, cell managing device also comprises the communication interface 5 being electrically connected to control module 1 and the timer 6 being electrically connected to communication interface 5, and timer 6 is electrically connected to control module 1 simultaneously.Communication interface 5 communicates for cell managing device and host computer.Owing to there is communication failure, may there is the phenomenon that equilibrium can not be closed in cell managing device, and then battery is discharged always and affected the equalization problem of battery pack.So, timer 6 is electrically connected to communication interface 5 and control module 1 simultaneously, when in the certain hour of setting at timer 6, communication interface 5 does not receive the reset signal (or host computer other command signal) of host computer, control module 1 is initiatively sent accordingly instruction and is turn-offed balance module 4, with the problems such as battery loss of avoiding balance module 4 equilibriums excessively to bring.Preferably, timer 6 is house dog, and it can detect communication interface time sequence, in timing, could not remove house dog, control module the last 1 causes and closes all equilibrium switch, so also can effectively solve due to Communications failure can not close equalizer switch problem and cost lower.
Refer again to preferred embodiment shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, each balance module also comprises the capacitor C 1 for filtering, and capacitor C 1 is connected between the described other end and ground of resistance R 1.Can reduce like this cell managing device and be subject to extraneous interference.Further, each balance module also comprises resistance R 4, and resistance R 4 is connected between the described other end of resistance R 1 and the first end S1 of described switch module.By the cooperation of resistance R 4 and capacitor C 1, its filter effect is better.As improvement, each balance module also comprises the capacitor C 2 for filtering, and capacitor C 2 is connected between the described other end and ground of resistance R 2.
In sum, when the cell managing device that the utility model provides has the function of basic administration battery pack, it can detect equalizer switch pipe in balance module and whether occur short circuit, and then make cell managing device there is better battery balanced function, therefore it can make every batteries electric weight in battery pack keep in balance, thus the life-span of prolongation complete machine.And its overall structure is simple, cost is lower.
In the description of this specification, the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiment ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means to be contained at least one embodiment of the present utility model or example in conjunction with specific features, structure, material or the feature of this embodiment or example description.In this manual, the schematic statement of above-mentioned term is not necessarily referred to identical embodiment or example.And the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can be with suitable mode combinations in any one or more embodiment or example.
In description of the present utility model, unless otherwise prescribed and limit, it should be noted that, term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, can be mechanical connection or electrical connection, also can be the connection of two element internals, can be to be directly connected, and also can indirectly be connected by intermediary, for the ordinary skill in the art, can understand as the case may be the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model; not in order to limit the utility model; all any modifications of doing within spirit of the present utility model and principle, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in protection range of the present utility model.