CN105759124A - Method for on-line detection on internal resistance of power battery - Google Patents
Method for on-line detection on internal resistance of power battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN105759124A CN105759124A CN201610276104.4A CN201610276104A CN105759124A CN 105759124 A CN105759124 A CN 105759124A CN 201610276104 A CN201610276104 A CN 201610276104A CN 105759124 A CN105759124 A CN 105759124A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/14—Measuring resistance by measuring current or voltage obtained from a reference source
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for on-line detection on the internal resistance of a power battery. A direct-current charging current provided by an external charging device during the charging process as well as changing values of voltages of all single battery terminals in a battery group due to the charging current is detected; and on the basis of the charging current and the changing values, the direct-current internal resistances of all single batteries are calculated, so that on-line rapid detection of internal resistances of all single batteries in the power battery group is realized and the safety of the battery usage process is guaranteed. The changing processes of internal resistances of all single batteries of the battery group during the repeated charging and discharging usage processes are recorded and thus important basic data can be provided for improvement of the single battery production technology.
Description
Technical field
A kind of method that the present invention relates to on-line checking electrokinetic cell internal resistance, particularly to on-line checking by the method for the internal resistance of each cell in lithium rechargeable batteries set of cells in series.
Background technology
Set of cells in series is widely used in the energy-storage system of electric tool, electric automobile, wind-power electricity generation, photovoltaic generation.Power battery pack is in series by multiple chargeable cells, rechargeable battery charging-discharging performances in storage and use procedure can fail gradually, the internal resistance of cell is gradually increased, show as charge capacity to decline, because internal resistance increases, charge and discharge process causes that inside battery generates heat, serious heating can damage the electrochemical structure of inside battery, causes the security incident such as internal short-circuit, on fire, blast.
Internal resistance is one of important symbol of reaction cell state.It is no matter that battery is about to lose efficacy, capacity attenuation or the electrochemical structure of inside battery occur abnormal, can embody changing from its internal resistance.By measuring the internal resistance of cell, the health status of battery is judged, the battery of performance degradation or inefficacy is carried out early warning, over-charging of battery can be effectively prevented from, cross and put, overheated etc. jeopardize battery life and run the situation of safety and occur.
Chinese patent CN101276949B discloses " a kind of detection method for battery performance of hybrid power vehicle detecting device ", utilize output voltage and the electric current pair of entire car controller each collection one Battery pack in automobile starting process and after startup of hybrid vehicle, then calculate the internal resistance of battery.The method is using the electromotor of hybrid vehicle as the discharge load in internal resistance of cell measurement process, inverter and electromotor guiding discharge loop in discharge loop contain capacitive load, switching load, motor inductive load, load characteristic is complicated and unstable, the accuracy of the harmonic effects voltage sample that switching load produces, phase contrast is produced between voltage and electric current in capacitive load and inductive load guiding discharge loop, affect voltage, current sample corresponding relation in time, voltage, electric current certainty of measurement be difficult to be guaranteed.
Chinese patent CN102205800B, disclose " a kind of Intelligent battery management system of electric car ", in this technical scheme, exchange pressure drop internal resistance measurement method is adopted to carry out the measurement of the internal resistance of cell, concrete measuring method is: the small area analysis signal applying (injection) fixed frequency and fixed current to battery (generally uses 1KHZ frequency at present, 50mA small area analysis), and battery terminal voltage is carried out voltage sample, after a series of process such as rectification, filtering, signal amplification, by calculating the internal resistance value obtaining this battery.
Due to the internal resistance of the electrokinetic cell of electric automobile adapted minimum (initial internal resistance of cell is generally less than 2 milliohms), cell is applied small area analysis signal (being usually injected into electric current 100mA), the voltage response faint (about 200 microvolt) produced on cell, a series of process circuit such as rectification, filtering also can introduce signal noise, using common measuring circuit, accuracy of measurement is difficult to be guaranteed.Realize the high precision detection of weak voltage signals, it is necessary to use extremely complex measuring circuit, cause that practical application cost increases substantially.
The electrokinetic cell that current electrokinetic cell, particularly electric automobile use, it is common to adapted charger, charging pile, large-scale charger, the mode using direct current constant-current charge is power battery pack charging.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of method that the invention provides on-line checking internal resistance of cell, by detecting DC charging current and the variable quantity of each cell terminal voltage in the set of cells caused by this charging current that charging process peripheral charger provides, calculate the DC internal resistance of each cell.
The concrete technical scheme of the present invention includes: a kind of method of on-line checking electrokinetic cell internal resistance, referring to Fig. 1, including power battery pack, charger, power module PM, on and off switch KX, management module GM, current detection module CS, charge switch KC, discharge switch KD, charge connector JC, electric discharge adapter JD, communication module, also includes at least 1 voltage detection module and at least 1 isolation module.
Described power battery pack, referring to Fig. 1, in series by 1-10 battery module, each battery module is in series by 6-12 chargeable cell, and the power supply output connection of power battery pack includes anelectrode P+, negative electrode P-.
Described charger is the equipment for power battery pack charging, and charger provides DC charging current for power battery pack.
Described power module PM is made up of DC/DC isolated converter circuit and electric source filter circuit.One input of DC/DC changer is connected to the anelectrode P+ of power battery pack, and another input is connected to the negative electrode P-of power battery pack through current sensor.The outfan of DC/DC changer is connected to management module GM, working power is provided for management module GM and with management module GM other modules being connected, power module is connected with the on and off switch KX being placed in outside, and on and off switch KX controls Guan Bi and the disjunction of DC/DC changer input power.
Described management module GM includes microcontroller, and referring to Fig. 1, described microcontroller is programmable one-chip computer integrated circuit, includes but not limited to the microcontroller of 8051 series and the microcontroller of ARM series.Management module GM is connected with isolation module, current detection module CS, charge switch KC, discharge switch KD, communication module.Microcontroller performs prefabricated program, control the turn-on and turn-off of charge switch KC and discharge switch KD, and in the detection charging current of power battery pack of forward and backward moment and power battery pack of the forward and backward moment and shutoff that control charge switch KC conducting the terminal voltage of each cell, again according to the variable quantity of the variable quantity of charge switch the KC forward and backward and forward and backward charging current detected turned off turned on and each cell terminal voltage corresponding with this charging current variable quantity, calculate the DC internal resistance of each cell.
Described current detection module CS, including current sensor and A/D change-over circuit, current detection module CS accepts the order that the microcontroller in management module GM sends, the electric current of detection charge circuit, and convert the current value of charge circuit to digital quantity, it is sent to management module.Described current sensor can be Hall current sensor, diverter or other current measurement device.
Described each voltage detection module includes at least a piece of battery voltage acquisition IC chip, uses the MAX11068GUU IC chip that Maxim produces in an embodiment of the present invention.Each voltage detection module is connected with the electrode of each cell in corresponding battery module, and each voltage detection module can detect the terminal voltage of 6-12 the cell being connected in series.The control command that microcontroller in each voltage detection module receiving management module GM sends, detects the carrying out of the voltage of each cell in the battery module connected, and detection data are sent to management module GM.
Described isolation module is isolated integrated circuit by bi-directional digital and is constituted, and referring to Fig. 1, isolation module is connected with voltage detection module and management module GM, it is achieved the two-way isolated transmission of the digital signal between management module GM and voltage detection module.
Described charge switch KC and discharge switch KD can be analog switch, relay switch, dry-reed tube switch or other have and connect and the circuit devcie of disjunction circuit function.Charge switch KC and discharge switch KD is connected in charge circuit and discharge loop, charge switch KC and the control of microcontroller in the managed module GM of discharge switch KD, is respectively turned on or disconnects charge circuit and discharge loop.
Described communication module includes serial communication interface integrated circuit, and communication module is connected with the microcontroller in management module GM, it is achieved the data communication of management module GM and external equipment.
A kind of method that the invention provides on-line checking electrokinetic cell internal resistance, when set of cells charges beginning every time and in charging process, described microcontroller performs prefabricated program, control the turn-on and turn-off of charge switch KC and discharge switch KD, and before charge switch KC turn-on and turn-off, the terminal voltage of each cell in the charging current of detection of rear moment power battery pack and power battery pack, and according to the variable quantity of the variable quantity of charging current detected and each cell terminal voltage corresponding with this charging current variable quantity, calculate the DC internal resistance of each cell.
Concrete detecting step includes detecting, when charging starts, the step detecting each cell DC internal resistance in the step of each cell DC internal resistance and charging process, is described below respectively:
1. the step detecting each cell DC internal resistance during charging beginning includes:
1.1 turn off charge switch KC and discharge switch KD
The electric current Is1 of the 1.2 voltage V1i simultaneously detecting each cell and charge circuit.The numbering of cell (i be)
1.3 Guan Bi charge switch KC
1.4 time delay 2-100 milliseconds
The electric current Is2 of the 1.5 voltage V2i simultaneously detecting each cell and charge circuit
1.6 turn off charge switch KC
1.7 time delay 2-100 milliseconds
The electric current Is3 of the 1.8 voltage V3i simultaneously detecting each cell and charge circuit
1.9 use charge switch KC to close the difference V2i-V1i of the forward and backward monomer battery voltage recorded, and calculate the DC internal resistance Rai of each cell:
Rai=(V2i-V1i)/(Is2-Is1)
1.10 use the charge switch KC difference V2i-V3i disconnecting the forward and backward monomer battery voltage recorded to calculate the DC internal resistance Rbi of each cell:
Rbi=(V2i-V3i)/(Is2-Is3)
1.11 management modules by DC internal resistance Rai, the Rbi of calculated each cell compared with the initial internal resistance of each cell (when power battery pack is assembled for the first time the DC internal resistance of each cell), calculate the variable quantity of each internal resistance of single cell, it is judged that the attenuation degree of the charge-discharge performance of each cell
2. the step detecting each cell DC internal resistance in charging process includes:
The electric current Is4 of the 2.1 voltage V4i detecting each cell and charge circuit.The numbering of cell (i be)
2.2 turn off charge switch KC
2.3 time delay 2-100 milliseconds
The electric current Is5 of the 2.4 voltage V5i simultaneously detecting each cell and charge circuit
2.5 Guan Bi charge switch KC
2.6 time delay 2-100 milliseconds
The electric current Is6 of the 2.7 voltage V6i simultaneously detecting each cell and charge circuit
2.8 use charge switch KC to disconnect the forward and backward voltage difference values among single batteries V4i-V5i recorded, and calculate the DC internal resistance Rci of each cell:
Rci=(V4i-V5i)/(Is4-Is5)
2.9 use charge switch KC to close the forward and backward voltage difference values among single batteries V6i-V5i recorded, and calculate the DC internal resistance Rci of each cell:
Rci=(V6i-V5i)/(Is6-Is5)
2.10 management module GM by DC internal resistance Rci, the Rdi of calculated each cell compared with the initial internal resistance of each cell (when power battery pack is assembled for the first time the DC internal resistance of each cell), calculate the variable quantity of each internal resistance of single cell, it is judged that the attenuation degree of the charge-discharge performance of each cell
2.11 management module GM judge that the state of each cell is normal, then send order to charge switch KC, close charge switch KC, and power battery pack charging is normally carried out；
2.12 management module GM judge the abnormal state of each cell, then send order, turn off charge switch KC and discharge switch KD to charge switch KC and discharge switch KD, forbid power battery pack charging and discharging.And send warning message by communication module to external equipment.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described further.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the testing circuit structure chart of the method for a kind of on-line checking electrokinetic cell internal resistance of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the charge switch KC and discharge switch KD circuit structure diagram that use in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The present embodiment, for 16 single lithium battery power battery pack in series, illustrates specific embodiment of the invention step.
Single lithium battery capacity 30Ah used, allows charging current less than 30A, cell initial DC internal resistance 2 milliohm.The charger of adapted is the direct current constant current-constant-pressure type charger of nominal 60V, constant-current charge electric current 20A.
In the present embodiment, 16 cells being divided into 2 battery modules, referring to Fig. 1, corresponding arranges 2 voltage detection module and 2 isolation modules, including voltage detection module 1 and voltage detection module 2, isolation module 1 and isolation module 2.
Voltage detection module 1 and voltage detection module 2 all use the MAX11068 battery detecting IC chip that MaximIntegrated company produces, and isolation module 1 and isolation module 2 select the two-way I2C numeral isolation integrated circuit of ADuM1250 that AnalogDevices company produces.
Management module GM includes the basic peripheral circuit of microcontroller and microcontroller, and microcontroller selects the AT89S52 microcontroller that atmel corp produces, and configures basic peripheral circuit.Microcontroller builds up the I2C communication channel of isolation by simulating between I2C interface 1 and voltage detection module 1, carry out the transmission of data and order, microcontroller builds up the I2C communication channel of isolation by simulating between I2C interface 2 and voltage detection module 2, carry out the transmission of data and order.
Communication module selects the MaximIntegrated MAX3232 serial ports RS232 interface integrated circuit produced, it is connected with the microcontroller in management module GM, it is achieved the real-time data communication between management module GM and external equipment (display device, central vehicle control system or control computer etc.).
Power module PM selects general DC-DC insulating power supply, output voltage range according to the present embodiment medium power set of cells, selecting the DC-DC insulating power supply of the input voltage 36-72V of Guangzhou Jinshengyang Science and Technology Co., Ltd's production, output voltage 5V, model is WRF4805P-6W.External on and off switch KX is connected to the input of DC-DC insulating power supply.
Current detection module CS includes current sensor and A/D change-over circuit, and current sensor selects the AllegroMicroSystems ACS726LLFTR-40B Hall linear current sensing IC produced, its current range ± 40A；The MaximIntegrated MAX1236 analog-digital conversion integrated circuit produced selected by A/D change-over circuit.
Charge switch KC, referring to Fig. 2, including insulating power supply DC1, is optically isolated Rhizoma Nelumbinis GD and high-power FET Q1, Q2.Wherein insulating power supply DC1 selects the DCH010515S that TexasInstruments company produces to isolate DC/DC transducer, it is optically isolated Rhizoma Nelumbinis and selects commercially available common TLP521-1 light Rhizoma Nelumbinis, high-power FET Q1 and Q2 selects the InternationalRectifier IRFB4110 high-power FET produced, in drive circuit, the resistance value of resistance R1 is 200 ohm, the resistance value of resistance R2 is 10 ohm, and the resistance value of resistance R3 is 10 kilohms.The input of the input and insulating power supply DC1 that are optically isolated Rhizoma Nelumbinis GD is connected the device J30 microcontroller being connected in management module GM, connects terminal J31 and J32 and is connected to charge circuit.Insulating power supply DC1 provides the driving power supply of isolation for drive circuit, is optically isolated the order that in Rhizoma Nelumbinis GD receiving management module GM, microcontroller is sent, and drives the turn-on and turn-off of high-power FET Q1 and Q2.
Discharge switch KD uses the isolated drive circuit identical with charge switch KC and high-power FET switch, referring to Fig. 2.
The strategy of this examinations internal resistance of cell is designed as:
1., when charging starts every time, detect the internal resistance of each cell in a power battery pack；
2. in charging process, the average voltage of each cell often raises 0.1V, detects the internal resistance of each cell in a power battery pack.
Connect external charger, Guan Bi on and off switch, power module works on power, in management module GM, microcontroller performs prefabricated program, each internal resistance of single cell in detection power battery pack, microcontroller controls charge switch KC and discharge switch KD, detects each monomer battery voltage and calculates the specific procedure step of each internal resistance of single cell to include:
(1) each internal resistance of single cell in power battery pack is detected when charging starts:
1) turn off charge switch KC and discharge switch KD
2) the voltage V1i of each cell and the electric current Is1 of charge circuit is detected.The numbering of cell (i be)
3) Guan Bi charge switch KC
4) time delay 50 milliseconds
5) detect the voltage V2i of each cell and the electric current Is2 of charge circuit simultaneously
6) turn off charge switch KC
7) time delay 50 milliseconds
8) detect the voltage V3i of each cell and the electric current Is3 of charge circuit simultaneously
9) use charge switch KC to close the difference V2i-V1i of the forward and backward monomer battery voltage recorded, calculate the DC internal resistance Rai of each cell:
Rai=(V2i-V1i)/(Is2-Is1)
10) the charge switch KC difference V2i-V3i disconnecting the forward and backward monomer battery voltage recorded is used to calculate the DC internal resistance Rbi of each cell:
Rbi=(V2i-V3i)/(Is2-Is3)
(2) in charging process, each internal resistance of single cell in power battery pack is detected:
1) the voltage V4i of each cell and the electric current Is4 of charge circuit is detected.The numbering of cell (i be)
2) turn off charge switch KC
3) time delay 50 milliseconds
4) detect the voltage V5i of each cell and the electric current Is5 of charge circuit simultaneously
5) Guan Bi charge switch KC
6) time delay 50 milliseconds
7) detect the voltage V6i of each cell and the electric current Is6 of charge circuit simultaneously
8) use charge switch KC to disconnect the forward and backward voltage difference values among single batteries V4i-V5i recorded, calculate the DC internal resistance Rci of each cell:
Rci=(V4i-V5i)/(Is4-Is5)
(9) use charge switch KC to close the forward and backward voltage difference values among single batteries V6i-V5i recorded, calculate the DC internal resistance Rci of each cell:
Rci=(V6i-V5i)/(Is6-Is5)
(10) microcontroller by DC internal resistance Rci, the Rdi of calculated each cell compared with the initial internal resistance of each cell (when power battery pack is assembled for the first time the DC internal resistance of each cell), calculate the variable quantity of each internal resistance of single cell, it is judged that the attenuation degree of the charge-discharge performance of each cell
(11) microcontroller judges that the state of each cell is normal, then send order to charge switch KC, close charge switch KC, and power battery pack charging proceeds.
Claims (3)
1. the method for an on-line checking electrokinetic cell internal resistance, including power battery pack, charger, power module PM, on and off switch KX, management module GM, current detection module CS, charge switch KC, discharge switch KD, charge connector JC, electric discharge adapter JD, communication module, also includes at least 1 voltage detection module and at least 1 isolation module.
2. the method for a kind of on-line checking electrokinetic cell internal resistance according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described management module GM is connected with isolation module, current detection module CS, charge switch KC, discharge switch KD, communication module.
3. the method for a kind of on-line checking electrokinetic cell internal resistance according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described management module GM includes microcontroller, microcontroller performs prefabricated program, control the turn-on and turn-off of charge switch KC and discharge switch KD, and before controlling charge switch KC conducting, before rear moment and shutoff, the terminal voltage of each cell in the charging current of detection of rear moment power battery pack and power battery pack, again according to before charge switch KC conducting, afterwards with turn off before, after the variable quantity of the variable quantity of charging current that detects and each cell terminal voltage corresponding with this charging current variable quantity, calculate the DC internal resistance of each cell.
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| CN201610276104.4A CN105759124A (en) | 2016-04-29 | 2016-04-29 | Method for on-line detection on internal resistance of power battery |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109752664A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-05-14 | 嘉兴梅森储能设备有限公司 | A kind of charging detects the method and application of battery core internal resistance in battery pack |
| CN109946613A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-06-28 | 上海理工大学 | The internal resistance On-line Estimation and life detecting method of Vehicular dynamic battery |
| CN110794317A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2020-02-14 | 珠海朗尔电气有限公司 | Method, device and equipment for measuring internal resistance of battery and storage medium |
| CN111693782A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-09-22 | 珠海伊托科技有限公司 | Storage battery internal resistance test and large current tolerance test device with loop resistor |
-
2016
- 2016-04-29 CN CN201610276104.4A patent/CN105759124A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109752664A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-05-14 | 嘉兴梅森储能设备有限公司 | A kind of charging detects the method and application of battery core internal resistance in battery pack |
| CN109946613A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-06-28 | 上海理工大学 | The internal resistance On-line Estimation and life detecting method of Vehicular dynamic battery |
| CN110794317A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2020-02-14 | 珠海朗尔电气有限公司 | Method, device and equipment for measuring internal resistance of battery and storage medium |
| CN111693782A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-09-22 | 珠海伊托科技有限公司 | Storage battery internal resistance test and large current tolerance test device with loop resistor |
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