CN1444467A - 用于焊接多层结构组件的方法 - Google Patents

用于焊接多层结构组件的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1444467A
CN1444467A CN01813499A CN01813499A CN1444467A CN 1444467 A CN1444467 A CN 1444467A CN 01813499 A CN01813499 A CN 01813499A CN 01813499 A CN01813499 A CN 01813499A CN 1444467 A CN1444467 A CN 1444467A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
bag
laser
district
wall
absorbent
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Granted
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CN01813499A
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English (en)
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CN1268481C (zh
Inventor
凯姆·巴格尔
英格丽德·L·芬克
索基尔德·沃姆
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Coloplast AS
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Coloplast AS
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F5/00Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices; Anti-rape devices
    • A61F5/44Devices worn by the patient for reception of urine, faeces, catamenial or other discharge; Portable urination aids; Colostomy devices
    • A61F5/445Colostomy, ileostomy or urethrostomy devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1635Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1645Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface heating both sides of the joint, e.g. by using two lasers or a split beam
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1654Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1664Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of several radiators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16Laser beams
    • B29C65/1677Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16Laser beams
    • B29C65/1677Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier
    • B29C65/168Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier placed at the interface
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/47Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/472Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces said single elements being substantially flat
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/532Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/532Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/5326Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars said single elements being substantially flat
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/61Joining from or joining on the inside
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/733General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence
    • B29C66/7336General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence at least one of the parts to be joined being opaque, transparent or translucent to visible light
    • B29C66/73365General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence at least one of the parts to be joined being opaque, transparent or translucent to visible light at least one of the parts to be joined being transparent or translucent to visible light
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8126General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81266Optical properties, e.g. transparency, reflectivity
    • B29C66/81267Transparent to electromagnetic radiation, e.g. to visible light
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16Laser beams
    • B29C65/1603Laser beams characterised by the type of electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C65/1612Infrared [IR] radiation, e.g. by infrared lasers
    • B29C65/1616Near infrared radiation [NIR], e.g. by YAG lasers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1674Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of laser diodes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16Laser beams
    • B29C65/1677Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier
    • B29C65/1683Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier coated on the article
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7841Holding or clamping means for handling purposes
    • B29C65/7847Holding or clamping means for handling purposes using vacuum to hold at least one of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/23Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being multiple and parallel or being in the form of tessellations
    • B29C66/232Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being multiple and parallel or being in the form of tessellations said joint lines being multiple and parallel, i.e. the joint being formed by several parallel joint lines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
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    • B29C66/5324Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于将多层组件(1、2、3、)内的两层(1,3)或多个工件焊在一起的方法。本发明提供一种方法,其中激光(4)穿过能让激光从其外表面至少向其内表面附近传输而实质上没有任何对激光能量的吸收的组件外层(1)对准包括吸收质单元(7)的层(3),该吸收质单元对应于层(3)的一部分,能吸收在给定波长范围内的激光,因此在包括吸收7单的层(3)表面和面对着包括吸收质单元(7)的层(3)的层(1)表面之间建立一个焊接区域。该吸收质单元(7)既可以在一层的体内提供,也可以作为独立的表层在一层的一个或两个表面上提供。本发明也提供了利用本发明的原理制造的具体产品。

Description

用于焊接多层结构组件的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及在多层组件内将两个层或工件焊在一起的方法。更具体地,但非唯一地,本发明步及包括由焊接的接头或接缝所互连的多个焊层的医学装置制造方法。通常,这种装置的材料是用于生产包状容器的薄的、弹性的聚合物薄片或薄板。本发明也涉及利用本发明的发明原理制造的具体产品。
背景技术
在过去,不同的方法已被用于将薄板形材料焊在一起,如传统的热接触焊接。用这种方法,两张要焊在一起的薄板被放在或夹在热焊接元件和支撑元件之间,以便薄板被用给定的力相互压紧以保证要焊接表面之间紧密接触。然后,从一侧加热经过其中一张薄板,通过热传导,直到第二张薄板;通常要选择材料使两种材料都熔化并在两张薄板之间建立焊接。该方法需要自由接近二层组件的两侧。
所用的另一种方法是HF(高频)焊接,其中要被焊在一起的两张薄板被放在或夹在一个支撑元件和一个无线电频率信号由其引入焊层的元件之间,这导致了材料的“内部”加热。由于焊接材料表面的幅射,在焊层具有同样厚度时,产生的热在朝向也是要焊接区域部位的二层组件的中心,即接触表面,是最强的。这种方法的缺点是焊接材料必须是对HF敏感的材料,如PVC。该材料和HF方法通常对环境是有危险的,并且与具有不同厚度的焊接材料相关的难题限制了它的应用。
另一种方法是利用CO2激光器的激光焊接,它有助于用可迅速完成的加热操作从表面向下加热多数塑料;用这种方式,它类似传统的热传导焊接。Nd:YAG(钕:铝柘榴石)和二极管激光将通过未着色的聚合物传输。该聚合物由于固有的特性或外加吸收器被设计成在这些激光束中吸收并加热。该过程首先在1985年因焊接自动组件而被描述;见1985年9月26日出版的日本专利申请JP85-213304“塑料板的激光束焊接(‘Laser beam welding of plastic plates”),并称做传输激光焊接。通常碳黑着色被用作添加剂以增加传输激光焊接的吸收,然而增加时导致材料变黑的碳黑通常被认为不适于其中多数情况希望是透明外观的医学用途。也有可能使用不透明的材料代替黑色材料;然而它们仍然缺乏所希望有的完全透明的外观。
上述原理也从EP-A-0942139得知,它公开了一种将透明窗玻璃激光焊接于一个框上的方法,该框至少在贴合表面上吸收激光,这使得有必要从该框的各个边提供激光。
然而,对于一些不同的产品,需要在其完成状态是多层组件的一个产品中的仅仅二层之间建立焊接。
这种产品的第一个例子是造口术(ostomy)袋,它通常由沿其周边焊在一起的二个袋壁组成。其中一个壁具有接收从小孔排出的材料的壁孔。一个连接元件,如一个粘性标签或面板通过焊接成粘贴被固定于孔的周围的袋壁上。连接元件使袋可活动地固紧在小孔周围的使用者身体上。
在这种“造口术”袋的生产中,开始使用的材料通常是二卷可焊接塑料薄片材料,它们通过一个带有三个工作台的装置被逐步推进。第一工作台具有一个冲孔工具以在其中一个卷材上产生孔,连接元件在第二工作台被焊在所述卷材的孔周围,而两个卷材被随后合在一起并沿着对应于袋所希望有的轮廓线借助于在第三工作台上的一个环形焊接电极连接起来。完成的袋可以同时与剩余薄片材料分离。
由于轮廓线焊接操作不能通过连接元件进行,在这种生产技术中一个主要条件是连接元件完全位于袋的轮廓线之内。在很多情况下,这是完全可接受的。然而,在另一些情况下,这意味着由于生产的原因,袋必须制的比其它方法需要的更大,或者意味着从壁孔到袋顶的距离必须被增加。具有这种已增加尺寸的袋可能导致在袋装满时由于重量的增加,袋的上部从使用者的身体被拉开。
根据EP-A-0 045 587,提出了一种制造“造口术”袋的方法,其中粘性标签或面板可以伸过袋的轮廓线部分。这个方法特殊的特点在于,在第一步骤中两个袋壁通过局部轮廓线焊接被结合起来,即越过从袋的顶边延伸的区域伸出壁孔周围的焊缝区。接着通过焊接使用粘性标签或面板,而使用分离器组件插入局部完成的袋中。该分离器用作标签被焊接于其上的袋壁的基底。接着在第二步骤中取出分离器组件后,完成轮廓焊接操作。尽管EP-A-0 045 587公开了一种适于制造所希望的“造口术”袋的方法,该方法相对复杂,使用了大量的制作步骤以及专用设备,因而高成本低效益。
在上面提到的例子中,讨论了连接元件如粘性标签的放置问题,但在其它情况下,例如具有同样尺寸特征的外部组件如过滤组件固定于袋上时,同样有效。
以在完成的产品内仅在二层之间带有焊接的多层结构为特点的另一种类型产品是“造口术”和尿收集袋,它带有在一或二个附加的内部薄片元件之间构成的内部阀。
这样一种产品从EP-A-0 106 587得知,它公开一种具有止回阀组件的排泄袋。更具体地,该阀组件包括位于袋的顶部和底部中间并从袋的左侧向右侧横向延伸的至少一个隔板。每个隔板具有一个从袋的左侧向袋的右侧连续附着于袋的一个面的上面部分,和在袋的左侧和袋的右侧之间隔开的间隔上附着于袋的另一面的下部部分。通过这种结构,沿隔板的底部形成至少一个开口,该一个或多个开口位于袋的前面或后面附近,这样使得液体易于从袋的顶部向底部流动而禁止液体从袋的底部向顶部流动。尽管EP-A-0 106 587公开了对单个隔板组件的利用,止回阀仍可以用每个附着于一个袋壁的两个中间隔板层构成。
以在完成的产品内仅在二层之间带有焊接的多层结构为特点的另一种类型产品是“造口术”和尿收集袋,它带有附着在外部前后壁之间的内壁,以便在袋装满时减少膨胀。这种袋及其制造方法在WO93/17634中公开。
如从刚刚所述的两种袋的说明得出,这种袋包括分别组成袋的外部前后壁和隔板组件/内壁的至少三层,内层沿着焊缝附着于外壁上。
US-A-5 165 799公开了一种其中将可加工的胶粘剂应用于,如印于多层塑料袋中所选择的那些层的表面部分的方法。该胶粘剂通过在袋的整个宽度横向发射的电子束屏蔽来加工。尽管这种方法允许对多层结构中这些层的独立部分有选择的结合,精度完全取决在加工以前所印刷的这些层的定位,这使得该方法不适于需要高精确度的产品,如不适合于医疗器具。此外,对于某些医疗器具,可能需要焊接结合。
如上文所示,最好假设所述类型的多层组件能以简单,可靠和有成本效益的方法制造,提供较高的精确度。因此,本发明的目的是要提供一种使可能制造一个组件的方法,其中在其完成状态为多层组件的产品内,一个焊缝在给定位置上仅在两层之间被建立,并且回避了现有技术中上述一个成多个缺点。
发明内容
本发明假设焊接可以利用合适的技术只直接建立在多层组件中选择的层之间。在该申清的上下文中,“层”只意味着描述的“工件”。因此,尽管对于本发明的某些实施例,该“层”用于描述薄的薄片或薄板形材料,本发明的原理一般涉及“工件”中的组件。此外,当在本发明上下文中描述的是,一层带有吸收材料的表层时,这也包括其中薄的吸收性膜元件被放在层上----附着于或自由地放在其上----的实施例。
因此,本发明的第一方面通过提供一种方法能解决提出的问题,其中激光被引导通过,使激光从其外表面向至少其内表面附近传输而实际上不会有任何对激光能量的吸收,引向包括与能在给定波长范围内吸收激光的一个部分相对应的吸收质单元的层,因此在包括吸收质单元的该层表面和面对着包括吸收质单元的该层的一个层表面之间建立了焊接区域。该吸收质单元可以被提供在层的体内(全部或部分)或者可以作为独立的表层被提供在层的一个或两个表面上的选择部分。该表层可以利用任何合适的技术来提供,包括涂覆、印刷、覆盖、共挤压和利用单独的膜元件。
该词语“提供在层的体内”,也指材料“自身”用作吸收体的材料。
通过提供一个焊层使激光在那儿穿过在其一个或两个表面的一部分上带有的涂覆或印刷的吸收质单元传输,给定的层可以在规定区域发射和吸收激光,这使得要设置的结合在吸收区域内具有很高的准确性,而同时使得要发射的激光穿过表面的其它部分,因此在多层结构中建立的结合“更深”。此外,由于吸收质单元可以具有可见的颜色,因此可以获得更吸引人的外观。
通过利用这些制造原理,可以制造各种各样的产品,其中在对多层初始装配后在产品“内部”进行焊接。
本发明另一方面,提供了用于制造分别从EP-A-0 045 587和EP-A-0 106 587已知的那种袋的方法,和上述的方法,以及包含只有这些方法才有的特征的袋。
为了提供焊接,接触表面必须利用夹紧装置使彼此更好地相互接触。然而,由于要保证更好的接触可能需要很大的力,要焊接的表面区域最好可以提供有帮助建立更好接触的粘性装置。用这种方式,夹紧装置的主要用途是在焊接期间使多层组件平整,通过粘性装置在要结合的表面之间至少部分地提供紧密的接触。可以提供胶粘剂作为以所需要的形式应用于一个表面的部分吸收涂层,或者可以以所需要的形式应用于通常的吸收表面。
的确,在其最广义的概念中,该方法提供一种在需要接触的生产过程中用于帮助提供接触的一般装置。
附图说明
本发明的方法和装置通过附图来说明,其中同样的数字表示同样的元件并且其中:
图1a和1b是对包含三层的第一种多层组件的概略表示;
图2a和2b是对包含三层的第二种多层组件的概略表示;
图3是对包含四层的第三种多层组件的概略表示;
图4是对包含四层的第四种多层组件的概略表示;
图5说明最好可通过利用本发明的方法制造的第一种多层结构;
图6说明最好能通过利本发明的方法制造的部分第二种多层结构;
图7说明最好能通过利用本发明的方法制造的部分第三种多层结构;
图8说明最好能通过利用本发明的方法制造的部分第四种多层结构。
具体实施方式
图1a和1b表示包含三层并根据本发明制造的第一种多层组件的二个变型。在图1a中,该多层组件包括第一半透明外层1,第二外层2和位于第一和第二层这间的中间层3。该中间层3包括,对应于其一部分,如在一个表面上或其体内,能吸收给定波长范围内的激光的一个吸收质单元;该单元既可以是制造该层的材料,也可以是一个附加的单元,如混入材料中的碳或染料。用于附加吸收质的具体材料将在下面更详细地讨论。在该三层彼此叠加利用适当的夹紧装置(未表示但在下文详细讨论)使接触表面更好地彼此接触后,组件受具有对应于给定的选择吸收质的波长且带有如5所示的光束聚焦位置的激光束4的照射。表示的激光束的焦点只是用于说明的并且可以根据工件和涉及的激光技术被放得更高或更低,甚至放在要焊接的工件以下。激光穿过第一半透明外层1,但在它接着穿过非常接近外层的层3的外部时,光被吸收导致局部加热并因此使对应于第一外层和中间层之间接触面的单元熔化。该两层间单元的局部熔化导致连接层1和层3的焊缝6的形成。
图1b表示了与图1a类似的组件,其中中间层3的整体吸收质已由在对着外层1的中间层3的一部分表面上所提供的吸收材料层7所代替,这导致焊缝在两层之间形成。的确,吸收材料也可以敷在外层1的内表面上并具有相对应的效果。
图2a和2b表示包含三层并根据本发明制造的第二种多层组件的两个变型。在图2a中,多层组件包括第一半透明外层1,第二半透明外层2和位于第一和第二层之间的中间层3。中间层3包括,对应于其一部分,能吸收给定波长范围内激光的一个吸收质单元。在该三层已彼此叠加;利用合适的夹紧装置(未表示)使接触表面彼此接触后,该组件受到第一激光束4照射。激光穿过半透明外层1,但在它接着穿过极接近外层的层3的外部时,光被吸收导致局部加热并因此使对应于第一外层和中间层之间接触面的单元熔化。两层间单元的局部熔化导致连接层1和3的焊缝6的形成。接着或者如果需要的话同时,组件受到第二激光束8照射。第二束激光穿过半透明外层2,但在它接着穿过极靠近第二外层2的层3的外部时,光被吸收导致局部加热并因此导致连接层2和3的焊缝9的形成。
图2b表示与图2a类似的组件,其中中间层3的整体吸收质已由在分别面对着外层1、2的中间3表面部分上提供的吸收质材料表层7、10所代替,这导致在二层之间形成焊缝6、9。的确,具有相对应效果的吸收材料也可以提供在各自外层1、2的内表面上。如上所述,可以利用任何合适的技术提供表层。
图3表示包括四层并根据本发明制造的第三种多层组件。该多层组件包括第一外部半透明层11,第二外层14,对着第一外层11放置的第一个大体上半透明中间层12,和在第二外层与第一中间层之间放置的第二个大体上半透明中间层13。第二外层14包括能吸收给定波长范围内激光的体吸收质单元;该单元如同图1和图2的实施例,既可以是制造该层的材料也可以是附加的单元。代替体单元,第二外层也可以在其面对着第二中间层的表面带有一个吸收质层。第二中间层13在其面对着第一中间层12的表面部分带有吸收质表层15,而第一中间层12在其面对着第一外层11的表面部分带有吸收质表层16。的确,表层15,16也可以提供在相应的对面表面上。
在该四层彼此叠加并利用合适的夹紧装置(未表示)使接触表面更好的彼此接触以后,组件受到第一激光束17照射。激光穿过半透明层11、12,并在它接着穿过极接近第一中间层12的第2中间层外部时,光被吸收导致局部加热并由此使对应于第一和第二中间层12、13之间接触面的单元熔化,导致连接层12和13的第一焊缝20的形成。接着或如果需要的话同时,组件受到第二激光束18的照射。第二束激光穿过半透明层11、12、13,但在它接着穿过极接近第二中间层13的第二外层14的外部时,光被吸收导致局部加热并因此使连接层13和14的第二焊缝21形成。接着或如果需要的话同时,组件受到第三激光束19的照射。激光穿过半透明外层11,但在它接着穿过极接近第一外层11的第一中间层12的外部时,光被吸收导致局部加热并因此使对应于第一外层和第一中间层12之间接触面的单元熔化,导致连接层11和12的第三焊缝22的形成。
尽管表示了三个激光源17、18、19,用于所有三个焊缝的激光最好由可变或固定焦距的单一激光束所提供;后者在焊层相对薄时是合适的。此外,要提供在不同点或纵向焊缝上的点焊,应该相应控制激光束的位置。的确,还可以增加几层并因此清楚地显示,借助这种方法,很复杂的组件可以用方便而有效的方式制造。
图4表示包含四层并根据本发明制造的第四种多层组件。该多层组件包括第一半透明外层30,第二半透明外层33,对着第一外层30放置的第一中间层31,和放在第二外层33与第一中间层31之间的第二个大体上半透明中间层32。第一中间层31包括能吸收给定波长范围内激光的吸收质单元;该单元如同图1,2和3中的实施例,既可以是制造该层的材料也可以是附加的单元。代替体单元,第一中间层也可以在其两个表面都带有吸收质层。第二中间层32在其面对着第二外层33的表面部分提供有吸收质材料表层34。的确,表层34也可以提供在第二外层的相对的表面上。
在该四层已彼此叠加并利用合适的夹紧装置(未表示)使接触表面更好地彼此接触后,组件受到第一激光束35照射。激光穿过半透明外层30,但在它接着穿过极接近第一外层30的第一中间层31外部时,光被吸收导致局部加热并因此使对应于第一外层30和第一中间层31之间接触面的单元熔化,导致连接层30和31的第一焊缝38的形成。接着或如果需要的话同时,组件受到第二激光束36照射。第二束激光穿过半透明层33,32,但在它接着穿过极接近第二中间层32的第一中间层31外部时,光被吸收导致局部加热并因此导致连接层31和32的第二焊缝39的形成。接着或如果需要的话同时,组件受到第三激光束37照射。激光穿过第二半透明外层33,但在它接着穿过极接近第二外层33的第二中间层32外部时,光被吸收导致局加热并因此使对应于第二外层33和第二中间层32之间接触面的单元熔化,导致连接层33和32的第三焊缝44的形成。
如同图3的实施例,单一激光器最好提供第二和第三激光束36、37。
如在说明中提到的,作为增加吸收质的不透明材料或碳黑已被应用了许多年,以提供受到激光照射时将变热的材料;然而,由于材料缺少透明度,该方法还未在医疗设备的技术领域获得广泛承认。
根据WO 00/20157,上述缺点已由一种方法消除或减少,其中二个工件通过接合区通过把该区暴露于射入的辐射之中,例如具有在可见范围之外波长的激光,被焊在一起,而其中在接合区的辐射吸收材料具有与射入的辐射波长匹配的吸收波段,以便吸收射入的辐射并产生用于熔化/焊接过程的热,该吸收波段实质上在可见范围以外使得该材料在可见光中不会影响接合区或工件的外观。该方法适于用在本发明的方法上。
2000年5月11-17日在佛罗里达,奥兰多举行的塑料工程师协会会议上,在来自会议会刊Antec 2000第一卷的一份题目为“对在塑料中传输激光焊接的红外染料的应用”(“Use of infrared dye fortransmission laser welding in plastics”)论文中,上面提到的方法的原理被更详细地研究。在这篇论文中,对用于激光焊接的近红外染料选择的要求被列出:在带有高摩尔吸收系数的激光波长附近的一个窄吸收波段,在400-700nm范围内几乎没有吸收,在基体材料中有良好的溶解性,对于所用的混合方法有良好的稳定性,以及不应降低染色品的质量。满足这些要求的染料,列举为花青染料、squary lium染料和croconium染料。用于所述方法的激光器为1064nm波长的钕:钇铝柘榴石激光器(Nd:YAG)和800-1100nm波长的二极管激光器。该论文也列举一些可以混合染料的方法。上面列举的特点、材料和激光器适于用在本发明的方法上。
如上面提到的,在不同的层彼此叠加后,接触表面必须利用夹紧装置使彼此更好地接触。在上面提到的Antec 2000论文中,图5表示其中利用位于要通过焊接接合的区域外侧的传统夹具—即为了不与激光束发生干涉—夹紧两个工件。然而,通过利用本发明的原于是可以通过利用相对坚硬、板形的夹紧元件,跨过要焊接的多层组件的较大区域提供夹紧,夹紧元件通常覆盖要设置焊缝的整个区域并使激光的传输经过它。夹紧元件包括至少一个对着多层组件的弹性表面,以便不同厚度的多层组件将用实质上相同的接触压力夹紧。夹紧压力可以通过在夹子的外侧施加的力建立,或者通过将夹子的周边密封并抽空面对着多层组件的夹子内表面间的空气来建立。这样一种夹紧方法具有一些优点,如它易于定位而不管要完成的焊接的实际位置,而且在改变生产过程的情况下也很容易,因为焊接位置的设置可以改变而不需要对透明夹紧元件作任何修改。此外,跨过多层组件整个区域的夹紧在夹紧装置与组件接触时减少了起皱的问题。的确,如果组件要利用激光从两侧焊接,透明夹紧装置应该被用在两侧。
如开始部分所述的,可能需要很大的力保证更好的接触。因此,要焊接的表面区域最好提供有在建立良好接触方面提供帮助的粘性装置。用这种方式,夹紧装置的主要用途是在焊接期间使多层组件平整,通过粘性装置至少部分地使接合表面紧密接触。
根据图5,将叙述利用本发明的方法制造“造口术”收集袋的第一种最佳方法。如上面根据EP-A-0 045 587提到的,难以制造其中粘性标签或面板可能部分乃至整个伸过袋的轮廓线的“造口术”袋。
首先提供一种袋,其中第一步外袋壁101和内袋壁102通过任何合适的方式沿其边缘轮廓焊在一起,形成周边焊缝103。内壁包括一个开口104,带有对应开口106的连接单元105,如粘性标签,位于开口104周围。在连接单元已适当地夹在袋上之后,利用本发明的方法将连接单元沿焊缝107焊在内袋壁上。图5说明固定连接单元的两种不同方法。在连接单元105是由半透明材料制造的情况下,一个吸收质单元被提供在要接合的区域,即对应于开口104,106的周边。吸收材料可以整体地在内袋壁中提供或者可以在要接合的某一个表面上提供,即,面对着内袋壁的连接单元表面或面对着连接单元的内袋壁表面。最好,只对应连接单元或袋壁表面的一部分提供吸收材料。随后激光束108被引导穿过要焊接的区域,形成焊缝107。在另一个方案中,当外装壁101对激光半透明时,吸收材料可以在连接单元中整体提供,最好只对应连接单元的一部分,或者如上所述,可以在要连接的一个表面上提供。随后,激光束109被引到要焊接的区域形成焊缝107。
在上述的最佳实际在施例中,一个连接单元如粘性标签或连接环作为例子被使用;然而,除了连接单元以外,各种各样的其它单元也可以利用公开的方法固定,例如在带有相同尺寸特征的过滤组件固定于袋上时。
根据图6,将叙述利用本发明的方法制造“造口术”收集袋的第二种最佳方法。如上面根据EP-A-0 106 587和WO 93/17643所提到的,通常最好将一个中间元件固定于收集袋的前壁和后壁上,因此建立了跨越各壁之间一个元件,例如,建立了一个阀或支撑结构。
首先提供的层叠板200包括第一袋壁201和第二袋壁202以及置于其间带有上下边204,205的中间隔层。在这点上,该三层可以通过任何合适的方式沿其周边焊在一起,形成一个袋;隔层元件可以固定在对应于其各端的壁上,即相对于图中平面的向内和向外部分。第一袋壁201和隔层元件203主要由半透明材料制成,使激光穿过要接合的区域。吸收材料210,211被提供给对应的要结合区域,即对应于第一袋壁201和隔层元件之间沿后者上端(204)的区域,及第二袋壁202和隔层元件之间沿后者下边的区域。用这种方式,吸收材料210,211以不相重叠的形式提供,使激光仅从一侧使用。如上面根据图5所述,吸收材料可以被装在要结合的任一个表面。此后,层叠板被适当夹紧并且第一激光束206被引导穿过第一袋壁201因此建立第一结合区207,而第二激光束208被引导穿过第一袋壁201和隔层元件203因此建立第二结合区209。根据隔层元件的具体用途,如用作阀或支撑元件,结合区域207,209可以沿隔层元件的上边204和下边205完全或部分连接。如果隔层元件被用于形成一个阀,隔层元件通常沿上边的长度与第一壁结合,而下边留有一个成多个断点,以使液体通过,这如同在EP-A-0 106 587的图1和2中举例说明的。
图7和8表示最好可利用本发明的方法制造的多层构造的其它的实施例。图7部分地表示包括第一和第二外壁301、302,以及在第一和第二中间层303,304之间形成的阀元件305的四层袋组件300。要注意到,焊缝307相对于焊缝306略微偏移,这样能使焊缝用激光从同一侧形成。图8部分地表示包括第一和第二外壁401,402以及用于在中间层405和第二外壁402之间形成过滤器404的包装403的三层袋组件400。还要注意到,在图中右面的两个焊缝彼此略微错开。考虑对图5和6中实施例的详细说明,对于熟练的技术人员如何将本发明的方法应用于这些实施例也是清楚的,即在相关位置提供吸收材料并引导激光通过相应各层。
要明白,本文所述的实施例仅是解释性的,并且熟练的技术人员可以进行很多变更和修改而不会脱离本发明的范围。

Claims (31)

1.一种在多层组件内的二层之间形成焊缝的方法,包括以下步骤:
--提供分层的多层组件,它包括带有第一外和内表面的第一外层(1),带有第二外和内表面的第二外层(2),和位于第一和第二层之间的至少一个中间层(3),层(3)中至少有一层包括,对应其一部分,能吸收给定波长范围内的激光的吸收质单元,外层(1)中至少有一个外层允许激光从其外表面向其内表面附近传输而实质上没有对激光的任何能量吸收;
--在给定波长范围内引导激光(4)通过外层朝向吸收质单元;
--于是在包括吸收质单元的这层表面和面对着包括吸收质单元这层的一层表面之间,建立焊接区域(6)。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中第一层具有包括吸收质单元的第一区和无吸收质单元的第二区,第二层具有包括吸收质单元的第三区,该第三区叠放在第二区上,其中布置在外表面和第一区、第三区之间的所有其它层,如果有,允许使激光对应于该区传输,并且其中激光朝向第一区提供第一焊缝和通过第二区朝向第三区提供第二焊缝。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中使激光经其传输的一个中间层(3)在其各个表面(7、10)一部分之上,最好以不相叠加方式都提供有吸收质单元。
4.根据权利要求1或3所述的方法,其中第一层(14,31)在其体内提供有吸收质单元,而第二层(12,33)在一部分表面上提供有吸收质单元。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法,适于将一个中间元件固定在一个袋组件(200)内,包括以下步骤:
--提供一个袋组件,它包括各具有内和外表面的第一袋壁(201),第二袋壁(202),和一个布置在各壁之间并具有第一和第二表面的中间元件(203);其中
--能吸收给定波长范围内激光的吸收质单元(210)被提供在中间元件和至少一个袋壁之间要连接的区域上;并且其中
--至少一个袋壁(201)能让激光从其外表面向其内表面附近传输而实质上没有任何对激光能量的吸收;
--在给定的波长范围内使激光(206)对准要连接的区域;
--因此在中间元件和至少一个袋壁之间建立焊接区域(207)。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法,其中要连接的第一区(207)定义为在中间元件的一部分第一表面和第一袋壁(201)的内表面之间,而要连接的第二区(209)定义为在中间元件的一部分第二表面和第二袋壁(202)的内表面之间,吸收质单元(210,211)最好以不相重叠形式提供于第一和第二区上。
7.如权利要求5所述的方法,其中要连接的第一区(307)定义为在中间元件(303)的一部分第一表面和第一袋壁(301)的内表面之间,而要连接的第二区(305)定义为在中间元件的一部分第二表面和另一个中间元件(304)的一个表面之间,吸收质单元最好以一种不相重叠形式提供于第一和第二区上。
8.如权利要求6或7所述的方法,其中第一袋壁(201)允许激光(206)经过其传输到相应的要连接的第一区(207),而第一袋壁和中间元件(203)允许激光(208)经过其传输到相应要连接的第二区(209),并且其中激光通过第一袋壁对准第一和第二区。
9.如权利要求5-8中任一项所述的方法,其中第一和第二袋壁在其周边具有环形的边缘,中间元件的一个边被限制在环形边缘之内并且对应于至少一个位置具有距离。
10.一种多层组件,包括:
--带有第一外和内表面的第一外层(1);
--带有第二外和内表面的第二外层(2);及
--位于第一和第二层之间的至少一个中间层(3),其中;
--层(3)中至少一层包括,对应于其一部分,能吸收给定波长范围内激光的吸收质单元,外层中至少一层能让激光从其外表面向其内表面附近传输而实质上没有任何对激光能量的吸收;以及
--在包括吸收质单元的该层表面和面对着包括吸收质单元的该层的一层表面之间,形成一个焊缝(6)。
11.如权利要求10所述的多层组件,其中第一层具有一个包括吸收质单元的第一区和包括无吸收质单元的第二区,第二层具有包括吸收质单元的第三区,第三区与第二区重叠,其中布置在外表面和第一区、第三区之间的所有其它层,如果有,允许激光对应于该区传输,并且其中对应于第一区提供第一焊缝而对应于第三区提供第二焊缝。
12.如权利要求11所述的多层组件,其中允许激光经其传输的中间层(3)最好以不相重叠的形式在其各个表面(7,10)的一部分上提供有吸收质单元。
13.如权利要求11所述的多层组件,其中第一层(14,31)在其体内提供有吸收质单元,而第二层(12、33)在一部分表面上提供有吸收质单元。
14.如权利要求11所述的多层组件(200),包括:
--各具有内、外表面的一个第一袋壁(201)、第二袋壁(202),和布置在各袋壁之间并具有第一和第二表面的中间元件(203);其中
--在中间元件和至少某一个袋壁之间的一个区域提供能吸收给定波长范围激光的一个吸收质单元(201);并且其中
--袋壁中至少一个袋壁(201)允许激光从其外表面向内表面附近传输而实质上没有任何对激光能量的吸收;
--在中间元件和对应于包含吸收质单元的这个区的至少一个袋壁之间形成一个焊缝(207)。
15.如权利要求14所述的多层组件,其中第一区被定义在中间元件(203)的一部分第一表面和第一袋壁的内表面之间,而第二区定义在中间元件的一部分第二表面和第二袋壁(202)的内表面之间,最好以不相重叠的形式在第一和第二区提供吸收质单元(210,211)。
16.如权利要求14所述的多层组件,其中第一区(307)被定义在中间元件(303)的一部分第一表面和第一袋壁(301)的内表面之间,而第二区(305)被定义在中间元件的一部分第二表面和另一中间元件(304)的一个表面之间,最好以不相重叠的形式在第一区和第二区上提供吸收质单元。
17.如权利要求15或16所述的多层组件,其中第一袋壁(201)能使激光(206)对应第一区传输,而第一袋壁和中间元件(203)能使激光(208)对应于第二区传输。
18.如权利要求14-17中任一项所述的多层组件,其中第一和第二袋壁在其周边上具有环形边缘,中间元件的一个边被限制在该环形边缘以内并且距相应至少一个位置具有一个距离。
19.一种用于把外部单元固定于袋组件(100)的方法,包括以下步骤:
--提供一种袋组件,它包括各具有内和外表面的外袋壁(101)和内袋壁(102);
--放置一个外部单元(105),该外部单元具有第一和第二表面,其第二表面面对着内袋壁;其中
--在外部单元和内袋壁之间要连接的一个区域,提供能吸收给定波长范围内激光的吸收质单元;
--使在给定波长范围内的激光(108,109)对准要连接的区域;
--因此在外部单元和内袋壁之间建立了一个焊接区域(107)。
20.如权利要求19所述的方法,其中外部单元能让激光从其第一表面向其第二表面附近传输而实质上没有任何对激光能量的吸收,并且其中激光(108)经过外部单元对准要连接的区域。
21.如权利要求19所述的方法,其中外袋壁(101)能让激光经其传输,而内袋壁(102)能让激光从其内表面向其外表面附近传输而实质上没有任何对激光能量的吸收,并且其中激光(109)通过外袋壁和内袋壁对准要连接的区域。
22.如权利要求19-21中任一项所述的方法,其中内外袋壁在其周边具有环形边缘,外部单元在至少一个方向上伸过该边缘。
23.如权利要求19-22中任一项所述的方法,其中内壁包括第一开口(104)而外部单元包括一个第二开口(106),以第二开口对着第一开口放置外部单元。
24.一种袋组件(100),包括:
--各具有内、外表面的一个外袋壁(101)和一个内袋壁(102);
--具有第一和第二表面的一个外部单元(105),该第二表面面对着内袋壁;其中
--在外部单元和内袋壁之间的一个区域上提供能吸收给定波长范围激光的吸收质单元。
--在外部单元和内袋壁之间对应于该区域形成一个焊缝(107)。
25.如权利要求24所述的袋组件,其中外部单元(105)能让激光从其第一表面向其第二表面附近传输而实质上没有任何对激光能量的吸收。
26.如权利要求24所述的袋组件,其中外袋壁(101)能让激光经其传输,而内袋壁(102)能让激光从其内表面向其外表面附近传输而实际上没有任何对激光能量的吸收。
27.如权利要求24-26中任一项所述的袋组件,其中内外袋壁在其周边具有环形边缘,该外部单元在至少一个方向上伸过该边缘。
28.如权利要求24-27中任一项所述的袋组件,其中内壁包括第一开口(104)而外部单元包括第二开口(106),该外部单元以第二开口对着第一开口来放置。
29.如权利要求1-9或19-23中任一项所述的方法,其中该组件利用夹紧装置来夹紧,夹紧装置施加实质上均匀的接触压力并且通常覆盖要设置焊缝的区域,而且它能让激光经其传输,并且其中要焊接的区域最好包括在建立良好接触方面提供帮助的粘性装置。
30.如权利要求1-9或19-23中任一项所述的方法,其中从包括花青染料、squarylium染料和croconium染料的一组染料中选择吸收质单元,并且要使用的激光具有在800-1100nm范围内的波长。
31.如权利要求10-18或24-28中任一项所述的组件,其中从包括花青染料、squarylium染料和croconium染料的一组染料中选择吸收质单元。
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CN102161233B (zh) * 2010-01-08 2014-09-17 早川橡胶株式会社 使用激光的接合方法
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CN115091768A (zh) * 2022-06-01 2022-09-23 深圳泰德激光技术股份有限公司 激光焊接方法、装置、设备与计算机可读存储介质
CN115091768B (zh) * 2022-06-01 2024-04-09 深圳泰德激光技术股份有限公司 激光焊接方法、装置、设备与计算机可读存储介质

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EP1294326B2 (en) 2010-02-24
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US7244482B2 (en) 2007-07-17
DE60124395T3 (de) 2010-09-09
JP2004500990A (ja) 2004-01-15
EP1785260A2 (en) 2007-05-16
DE60124395D1 (de) 2006-12-21
AU6733401A (en) 2002-01-08
WO2002000144A1 (en) 2002-01-03
EP1294326B8 (en) 2006-12-27
DK1294326T4 (da) 2010-06-14
CN1268481C (zh) 2006-08-09
DE60124395T2 (de) 2007-10-04
DK1294326T3 (da) 2007-03-12
EP1294326B1 (en) 2006-11-08
ATE344648T1 (de) 2006-11-15
EP1785260A3 (en) 2013-06-26
EP1785260B1 (en) 2017-11-15
CN1879580A (zh) 2006-12-20
CA2414482C (en) 2010-08-03
US20070262479A1 (en) 2007-11-15
HU226932B1 (en) 2010-03-29
CA2414482A1 (en) 2002-01-03
EP1294326A1 (en) 2003-03-26
CN1879580B (zh) 2014-05-14
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US20040089640A1 (en) 2004-05-13
US7572492B2 (en) 2009-08-11

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