CN1440691A - 一种人参果露饮品及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种人参果露饮品及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1440691A CN1440691A CN 02144966 CN02144966A CN1440691A CN 1440691 A CN1440691 A CN 1440691A CN 02144966 CN02144966 CN 02144966 CN 02144966 A CN02144966 A CN 02144966A CN 1440691 A CN1440691 A CN 1440691A
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- Prior art keywords
- herba herminii
- preparation
- radix ginseng
- ginseng
- ethanol
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种含有人参果皂甙等人参果主要成份的饮料及其制备方法，本发明可广泛应用于矿泉水、酒类、奶制品等多种饮料中。其人参仙果露的特征是饮品中含有人参果中主要的成分：人参果皂甙、人参多糖、甜菊甙；在饮品中还含有人参果原液。人参果是五加科人参属植物人参的圆型小浆果。其制备方法的特征是将鲜人参果浆加入乙醇，搅拌、分离、过滤后，制备人参果提取物，在饮品中加入人参果提取物，按配制重量的1‰添加入参仙果原液，用柠檬酸调pH值在5.0左右，将配制好的人参仙果露经过滤、灭菌处理后，灌装即可。本发明的目的在于更好地开发人参果的药用价值，使人们在日常的饮食中就可以达到保健和治病的目的。
Description
1、技术领域：
本发明涉及一种含有人参果皂甙等人参果主要成份的饮料及其制备方法，本发明可广泛应用于矿泉水、酒类、奶制品等多种饮料中。
2、背景技术：
做为二十一世纪中国中药发展标志之一是中药通过现代化工艺和手段进行单味药的中间提取，也是实现中药质量的稳定和可控的先决条件。因此，中药的提取过程是中药现代化不可缺少的组成部分，发展中药材提取物也有助于更充分合理地利用中药材资源。可是目前对一些中药的提取还远没有达到要求，使中药材提取物没有得到充分合理地应用。这种情况也不例外地存在于饮料行业中，饮料中很少采用中药成份进行添加，更别说利用人参果这种高品级的中药材开发出的高级饮品了。
人参果是五加科人参属植物人参(Panaxginseng G.A.Mey)的圆型小浆果。七、八月间种子成熟时果实呈鲜红色，内有两颗半圆型种子，果实与种子同时采集。经过一年多的科研试验，并经过二个秋季的采摘、冬贮等过程，现已将人参果的主要成份及其含量分离鉴定，得出可喜结论，并对东北长白山生产的人参果有了新的认识，同时也说明人参果提取物在食品和饮料中有广阔的使用前景。
3、技术方案：
本发明提供一种含有人参果主要成份的饮料，其目的在于更好地开发人参果的药用价值，使人们在日常的饮食中就可以达到保健和治病的目的。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：
一种人参果露饮品及其制备方法，其人参果露的特征在于：饮品中含有人参果中主要的成分：人参果皂甙、人参多糖、甜菊甙；在饮品中还含有人参果原液，饮品中其它成分为水和饮料中所含有的通常物质。
人参果是五加科人参属植物人参(Panaxginseng G.A.Mey)的圆型小浆果。
人参果皂甙、人参多糖、甜菊甙的含量(以重量计)占饮品的0.05～1％，
人参果原液的含量(以重量计)占饮品的0.05～1％。
3、一种人参果露饮品及其制备方法，其人参果露制备方法的特征在于：将鲜人参果浆按人参果浆重量加入0.5-1‰的抗氧化剂，搅拌均匀后，再按人参果浆∶乙醇＝4∶1的重量比例加入乙醇，搅拌均匀，离心机分离、过滤后，得人参果渣I及人参果液I；再将人参果渣I内加入重量为其1倍量的乙醇，搅拌均匀，离心机分离、过滤后，得人参果渣II及人参果液II；将人参果渣II弃掉，合并人参果液I及人参果液II为人参果合并液，精过滤后，回收乙醇，70℃以下低温、减压浓缩至密度为1.1以上的人参果浸膏I，备用。
收集鲜人参果初洗液，精过滤后，所得人参果渣弃掉，人参果洗液70℃以下低温、减压浓缩至密度为1.1以上的人参果浸膏II，备用。
将以上所得人参果浸膏I及人参果浸膏II合并，加乙醇至含醇量达50％左右，搅拌均匀后，静置24小时醇沉，过滤；滤液回收乙醇后，经70℃以下低温、减压干燥，制成人参果干膏，粉碎得人参果提取物粉(100目)，分装即可。
在1000ml的饮品中加入1ml的人参果提取物，按配制重量的0.05～1％添加人参果原液，搅拌均匀后，用柠檬酸调PH值在5.0左右，将配制好的人参果露经过滤、灭菌处理后，灌装即可。
将鲜人参果浆加入0.5-1‰的抗氧化剂搅拌均匀后，再按人参果浆∶乙醇＝4∶1的重量比例加入95％的乙醇；得人参果渣I后再将人参果渣I内加入1倍量的40％乙醇。
搅拌均匀的方法要求每隔20分钟搅拌一次，搅拌3-4次。
本发明的优点及效果：
人参果露是营养保健专家经近两年的潜心研究，根据中国传统的中医药及食疗理论，最新推出的新一代保肝护肝饮料。其运用现代生物工程技术，从长白山产的鲜人参果中提取出多种有效营养成份：齐墩果酸型人参皂甙Ro、人参多糖、多种离子化氨基酸、叶酸、核黄素、胆碱、多种维生素及铁、锰、锌、硒等微量元素，具有超强的保护肝脏的生物活性。
据有关专家分离鉴定：人参果中人参总皂甙的含量是人参根的4倍，其中齐墩果酸型人参皂甙Ro的含量人参果为人参根的30倍。其有效成份的不同，势必造成人参果及人参根两者药理作用的相异；且实验研究证明：齐墩果酸型人参皂甙Ro及人参多糖对实验性肝脂肪变性及肝硬变、免疫性肝损伤均有一定的抑制作用，有明显的保护肝解毒的效果，并对治疗肝炎有显效。
本品是采用高科技生物工程技术，从纯天然植物果实中提取精华物质精制而成的，营养全面而丰富。在保肝护肝的同时，能均衡、充分地补充体内营养，提高机体活力，延缓衰老、保护健康，是一种全新的机体调节型营养饮品。
本品不含蔗糖及任何添加剂，矫味所用的甜味素也是由纯天然植物提取所得的，是纯天然绿色饮品。长期饮用不会产生任何副作用及依赖性。
4、附图说明：
附图1为本发明人参果露的工艺流程图。
5、实施方式：
人参果提取工艺说明：
一、将鲜人参果浆内(按人参果浆量)加入0.5-1‰的抗氧化剂，搅拌均匀后，再(按人参果浆∶95％乙醇＝4∶1的比例)加入95％乙醇，搅拌均匀(要求每隔20分钟搅拌一次，搅拌3-4次)，离心机分离、过滤后，得人参果渣I及人参果液I；再将人参果渣I内加入1倍量的40％乙醇，搅拌均匀(要求每隔20分钟搅拌一次，搅拌2次)，离心机分离、过滤后，得人参果渣II及人参果液II；将人参果渣II弃掉，合并人参果液I及人参果液II为人参果合并液，精过滤后，回收乙醇，70℃以下低温、减压浓缩至密度为1.1以上的人参果浸膏I，备用。
二、收集鲜人参果初洗液，精过滤后，所得人参果渣弃掉，人参果洗液70℃以下低温、减压浓缩至密度为1.1以上的人参果浸膏II，备用。
三、将以上所得人参果浸膏I及人参果浸膏II合并，加乙醇至含醇量达50％左右，搅拌均匀后，静置24小时(醇沉)，滤过；滤液回收乙醇后，经70℃以下低温、减压干燥，制成人参果干膏，粉碎得人参果提取物粉(100目)，分装即为可。
人参果露配方及生产工艺
[产品配方]：人参鲜果提取物、纯天然矿泉水等，
[主要成份]：人参果皂甙、人参多糖、甜菊甙等
[主要功效]：保肝护肝、增强机体免疫力、抗疲劳
[生产工艺说明]：
在1000ml矿泉水中加入1ml人参果提取物，按配制量的1‰添加人参果原液。搅拌均匀后，用柠檬酸调PH值在5.0左右，将配制好的人参果露经过滤、灭菌处理后，灌装即可。
人参果露的配制口味依企业自己调配而定。
在其它类型的饮料中，完全可以采用类似的制备方法，如啤酒、奶制品等等。
人参果提取物
[性状]：棕红色粉未。
[功能与主治]：大补元气，复脉固脱，补脾益肺，生津止渴，安神。用于体虚欲脱，肢冷脉微，虚喘食少，虚喘咳，能促进胃肠溃疡的愈合，对肝炎、肝癌等肝病毒有抑制作用。
具有增加人体白细胞数量，提高人体免疫机能、促进物质代谢；增强体质、增强心肌收缩能力、抗疲劳、改善人体造血机能、抗衰老等多种功能；可用于冠心病、更年期综合症、隐性糖尿病、神经衰弱、贫血等症的治疗及肿瘤的辅助治疗。
[主要化学成分]：
1、皂甙类化学成分：人参果中已分离鉴定了29种皂甙成分，全部皂甙成分均为三萜类化合物，按其甙元结构可以分为三类：人参二醇类、人参三醇类和齐墩果酸类。人参果含：人参皂甙-Rb1-Rb2-Rc-Rd-Re-Rg1-Rg2-20(R)-Rg-Rh1-Rh2，其中以Re、Rg、Rb1、Rb2、Rd、Ro含量较高。
据有关专家分析检验：人参果中人参总皂甙的含量是人参根的4倍，其中齐墩果酸型人参皂甙Ro的含量人参果为人参根的30倍。其有效成份的不同，势必造成两者药理作用的相异。
2、蛋白质类化学成分：人参果肉含蛋白质约7.02％。
3、糖类化学成分：
①单糖与寡糖化学成分：人参果中含有葡萄糖、果糖、阿拉伯糖、木糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖、鼠李糖、人参三糖(Panose)A、B、C、D。
②多糖类化学成分：人参多糖主要由淀粉和果胶组成，前者占总糖量的80％。
4、氨基酸类化学成分：人参果中现已鉴定了19种氨基酸：丝氨酸、丙氨酸、组氨酸、苏氨酸、缬氨酸、蛋氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、赖氨酸、天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、甘氨酸、半胱氨酸、酪氨酸、精氨酸、脯氨酸、三七氨酸和γ-氨基丁酸，其中γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)具有降压作用；三七氨酸(DEN)具有止血作用。全部游离氨基酸中以精氨酸含量最高。
5、挥发油的化学成分：人参果挥发油的化学成分有倍半萜类、长链饱和羧酸和少量芳香烃类。倍半萜类是人参果挥发油的主要成分，大多数是人参果的香气成分，有许多是已知的活性成分：①由于抑制了癌细胞的核酸代谢、糖代谢及能量代谢，因而对癌细胞有抑制作用。②通过皮肤的渗透作用为人体所吸收，从而促进血液循环和新陈代谢，增进肌肤的发育营养和光泽，具有防皱、抗寒与防紫外线辐射的药理作用。
6、人参果的微量元素及其它成份：人参果是人参植株中微量元素富集的敏感部位。主要含有的微量元素有：钾、钙、镁、铁、铝、钠、铜、锰、锌、铅、镉、钴、钼、镍、锶、硒等；镍能刺激造血，促进红细胞再生，并能稳定凝血中的易变因子；锶可抗衰老，增强免疫功能，降低高血压及心血管疾病患者的死亡率；硒是谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的必需组成成份，具有防癌作用；钴是维生素B12的原料；铁、铜、锌、锰、钼是酶和其它活性蛋白质的原料；钾、钙、镁和钠则是细胞内外液的组分；这些均为机体必需营养元素，缺乏其中之一都会引起生理异常。尚含有水溶性维生素pp与cc，含量分别为1.00mg/100ml和0.22mg/ml。
[主要药理作用]：
一、对代谢的影响：
人参果甙和人参多糖能促进机体各器官组织细胞DNA、RNA和血清白蛋白、γ-免疫球蛋白的合成，因而将具有此作用的物质称为″蛋白质合成促进因子″。它可增强肝脏糖代谢系统及能量产生系统的功能，无论是对正常人还是对糖尿病、高胆固醇血症患者，都有改善糖和脂质代谢的作用，并有抗动脉粥样硬化的作用。
二、对免疫功能影响及抗肿瘤作用：
人参果中有效成份不仅是机体的免疫增强剂，而且也是免疫调整剂，能增强机体对各种有害因子(物理、化学及生物因子)的抵抗力。①人参果甙、人参多糖及挥发油等有效成份对T、B淋巴细胞的分裂原刺激的增殖反应有不同程度的促进作用；实验证明：人参果甙和单体人参皂甙-Rd、Re对正常和免疫受抑动物的免疫功能具有调整作用，此调整作用与机体的免疫状态有关，其机制涉及到环核苷酸水平的变化。②人参果甙及人参多糖对天然杀伤细胞干扰素-白细胞介素-2调节网起重要作用，可使巨噬细胞吞噬癌细胞的活性增加，因而有抑制肿瘤细胞增殖的作用。
三、对内分泌系统影响及抗应激作用：
人参果甙、氨基酸及人参多糖是对垂体-肾上腺皮质系统产生刺激作用的有效成分，其作用部位在垂体水平以上，其作用过程必须通过第二信使cAMP。CAMP普遍存在于生物细胞中，具有广泛的生理效应，是传递多种激素作用的重要物质。因此，能使人体胰岛释放胰岛素，直接作用于胰岛的β-细胞，可引起人体血糖的降低。
四、对心血管系统的影响：
(1)人参果甙具有强心作用。能降低机体在严重缺氧情况下在脑和心肌的乳酸含量，能恢复缺氧时心肌cAMP/cGMP比值的下降，并具有保护心肌毛细血管内皮细胞及减轻线粒体损伤的作用。
(2)人参果甙能显著降低心肌和脑组织脂褐质及血清过氧化脂质含量，可升高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇及其亚组分含量，增加高密度脂蛋白胆固醇/血清总胆固醇的比值，可降血脂及防止动脉粥样硬化。
五、对神经系统的影响：
人参果甙在剂量时(ip2.5-5.0mg/kg)对中枢神经系统有兴奋作用，反应为自发活动与探究反应增加等，大剂量时(100mg/kg)则转为抑制。实验发现，人参果甙可使人较低部位的脑细胞结合皮质醇的能力增强数倍到上百倍。皮质醇结合脑细胞，可改善机体的选择能力和辨别能力，而脑细胞结合ACTH则能增进运动、提高功能和觉醒反应，二者都能使机体产生暂时的活力和舒适感，因而有提高记忆力、抗疲劳作用。
六、其他药理作用：
(1)齐墩果酸型人参皂甙Ro及人参多糖有保护肝脏的作用
实验研究证明：其对实验性肝脂肪变性及肝硬变、免疫性肝损伤均有一定的抑制作用，对治疗肝炎有显效。
①Kubo，michitoku等专家发现人参皂甙Ro对于由半乳糖胺和四氯化碳诱导的大鼠原发性肝细胞中毒(体外培养)有抑制作用：以大鼠吸和入四氯化碳后造成血清转氨酶增高作为肝损伤的参数，结果发现其对吸入四氯化碳引起的血清转酶升高有抑制作用。其就人参皂甙Ro的抗肝炎药理活性已申请了日本专利。
②人参果胶可抑制四氯化碳引起中毒小鼠血清谷丙转氨酶活性升高，可减少正常小鼠对磺溴酞钠(BSP)的滞留，说明人参果胶有保护肝解毒的作用。
(2)人参果甙有抗利尿、导致水钠潴留、排钾以及使钠/钾比值降低的作用。
Claims (6)
1、一种人参果露饮品及其制备方法，其人参果露的特征在于：饮品中含有人参果中主要的成分：人参果皂甙、人参多糖、甜菊甙；在饮品中还含有人参果原液，饮品中其它成分为水和饮料中所含有的通常物质。
2、根据权利要求1所述的人参果露饮品及其制备方法，其人参果露的特征在于：人参果是五加科人参属植物人参(Panaxginseng G.A.Mey)的圆型小浆果。
3、根据权利要求1所述的人参果露饮品及其制备方法，其人参果露的特征在于：人参果皂甙、人参多糖、甜菊甙的含量(以重量计)占饮品的0.05～1％，人参果原液的含量(以重量计)占饮品的0.05～1％。
4、一种人参果露饮品及其制备方法，其人参果露制备方法的特征在于：将鲜人参果浆按人参果浆重量加入0.5-1‰的抗氧化剂，搅拌均匀后，再按人参果浆∶乙醇＝4∶1的重量比例加入乙醇，搅拌均匀，离心机分离、过滤后，得人参果渣I及人参果液I；再将人参果渣I内加入重量为其1倍量的乙醇，搅拌均匀，离心机分离、过滤后，得人参果渣II及人参果液II；将人参果渣II弃掉，合并人参果液I及人参果液II为人参果合并液，精过滤后，回收乙醇，70℃以下低温、减压浓缩至密度为1.1以上的人参果浸膏I，备用。
收集鲜人参果初洗液，精过滤后，所得人参果渣弃掉，人参果洗液70℃以下低温、减压浓缩至密度为1.1以上的人参果浸膏II，备用。
将以上所得人参果浸膏I及人参果浸膏II合并，加乙醇至含醇量达50％左右，搅拌均匀后，静置24小时醇沉，过滤；滤液回收乙醇后，经70℃以下低温、减压干燥，制成人参果干膏，粉碎得人参果提取物粉(100目)，分装即可。
在1000ml的饮品中加入1ml的人参果提取物，按配制重量的0.05～1％添加人参果原液，搅拌均匀后，用柠檬酸调PH值在5.0左右，将配制好的人参果露经过滤、灭菌处理后，灌装即可。
5、根据权利要求3所述的一种人参果露饮品及其制备方法，其人参果露制备方法的特征在于：将鲜人参果浆加入0.5-1‰的抗氧化剂搅拌均匀后，再按人参果浆∶乙醇＝4∶1的重量比例加入95％的乙醇；得人参果渣I后再将人参果渣I内加入1倍量的40％乙醇。
6、根据权利要求3所述的一种人参果露饮品及其制备方法，其人参果露制备方法的特征在于：搅拌均匀的方法要求每隔20分钟搅拌一次，搅拌3-4次。
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| CN100360137C (zh) * | 2005-12-15 | 2008-01-09 | 吉林大学 | 抗辐射损伤药物 |
| WO2007061907A3 (en) * | 2005-11-23 | 2008-03-06 | Coca Cola Co | High-potency sweetener composition for treatment and/or prevention of autoimmune disorders and compositions sweetened therewith |
| CN101828710A (zh) * | 2010-04-26 | 2010-09-15 | 吉林省长白山生态食品发展中心 | 一种含有人参成分的矿泉水及其制备方法 |
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| US8993027B2 (en) | 2005-11-23 | 2015-03-31 | The Coca-Cola Company | Natural high-potency tabletop sweetener compositions with improved temporal and/or flavor profile, methods for their formulation, and uses |
| WO2007061872A3 (en) * | 2005-11-23 | 2008-02-21 | Coca Cola Co | High potency sweetener composition with saponin and compositions sweetened therewith |
| WO2007061907A3 (en) * | 2005-11-23 | 2008-03-06 | Coca Cola Co | High-potency sweetener composition for treatment and/or prevention of autoimmune disorders and compositions sweetened therewith |
| US9101160B2 (en) | 2005-11-23 | 2015-08-11 | The Coca-Cola Company | Condiments with high-potency sweetener |
| WO2007061872A2 (en) * | 2005-11-23 | 2007-05-31 | The Coca-Cola Company | High potency sweetener composition with saponin and compositions sweetened therewith |
| CN100360137C (zh) * | 2005-12-15 | 2008-01-09 | 吉林大学 | 抗辐射损伤药物 |
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| CN102895144B (zh) * | 2007-05-31 | 2014-10-08 | 株式会社太平洋 | 含有人参浆果提取物的皮肤外用组合物 |
| US8652542B2 (en) | 2008-11-28 | 2014-02-18 | Amorepacific Corporation | Composition for preventing or treating arteriosclerosis |
| CN101828710A (zh) * | 2010-04-26 | 2010-09-15 | 吉林省长白山生态食品发展中心 | 一种含有人参成分的矿泉水及其制备方法 |
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