CN1432520A - Automatic ventilating, stoving, cooling and dehumidifying system for granary - Google Patents

Abstract

The automatic granary ventilating, stoving, cooling and dehumidifying system is formed based on the natural phenomenon of forming wind, that is, when hot air ascends, cold air will move to replenish. The ascending hot airflow inside the radiating plate holes on the surface of granary is utilized as the heat source for stoving grains inside the granary. Similarly, when the hot air ascends, the bottom cold air will be pumped automatically into the granary to lower temperature and reduce humidify via ventilating pipes under the action of chimney effect. By means of the system, the stored grains need to stoving equipment and drying in the sun, and this will wave great amount of electricity, low grain storing cost.

Description

Grain storage storehouse automatic ventilation, oven dry, cooling, dehumidification system

Type of the present invention relates to a kind of grain storage storehouse automatic ventilation, oven dry, cooling, dehumidification system.

Thousand kinds of treasured, ten thousand kinds of treasured all than this treasure of treasures of grain only, are common to all about the importance of grain, buy grain in, how the importance of storing up grain is an eternal economic problem more, also is an eternal political issue.Grain---it is related to the firm of a state power and built on the sand, one of non-persistent key factor of social stability.Leaving grain, what goes to talk about all can be an empty verbiage.China is the big country of a population, also is a big country that produces grain, especially a big country that consumes grain and loss grain.So country must lay in a large amount of grains and prepare against war and natural disasters, storing up grain, in the time of keeping grain, there are a lot of grains improper and mouldy because of keeping, the heating and go bad, one of its basic reason is exactly the silo improper ventilation, be to have draft equipment also just to play surface action, the housing cost of the annual grain per ton of China is protected the grain effect up to dozens of yuan Renminbi in order to reach, and has to utilize mechanical taking grain out of a granary to sun it of day and night not stopping, every year has been exhausted countless electric energy and fund in the whole nation in the sound of taking grain out of a granary to sun it that does not stop that gurgles, doing silo well in China thus ventilates, oven dry, cooling, dehumidifying work not only has great especially economic implications, and very special political significance is more arranged.

The grain storage in the grain storage storehouse that utilizes now highly generally can not surpass 5-6 rice, if surpassed this height, grain in the silo just begins heating, mouldy, though built a lot of silos throughout the country in order many grain storages to eat, though silo has been filled, but in order to guarantee that grain does not go mouldy, also have to drop into manpower, electric power more, take grain out of a granary to sun it more, duty is taken grain out of a granary to sun it, perhaps adopt oven dry or artificial airing, so the grain storage cost has just increased greatly.For example diameter is 10 meters, high 15 meters big silo, but grain storage eat 800 surplus ton, for safety, loading can not be above 400 tons at most, the actual utilization that is such silo has surpassed more than 7 meters highly, that is to say that this highly has been in the dangerous area, the waste capacity is so big, really regrettable, this contradiction does not solve, and the capacity loss all too of annual whole nation waste is big.There is the storehouse not make good use of, has the storehouse can not fill grain, dress many more, loss grain is many more, and the cost of the many more keepings of loading grains is high more, and it is big more to accept the risk, and many inputs can not go out by fecund, have increased infinite burden to country on the contrary, and this situation must thoroughly be reversed.

The purpose of type of the present invention is to provide a kind of can make the grain storage storehouse realize automatic ventilation, oven dry, cooling and dehumidifying under efficient, economical, safety, premium-quality state, reaches and reduces the grain storage cost significantly.

Type of the present invention is to realize like this.Surface around the silo warehouse is fixed triangle or corrugated warehouse heating panel with screw, utilize sun shade around the silo lower edges, to cover the ground of certain area again, utilize hot air to rise, cold air replenishes, the earth just forms the natural phenomenon of wind, the thermal current that reaches in the warehouse louvre rises, and under the effect that cold air replenishes under the sun shade, realizes the integral body cooling on warehouse surface.

Can be in time in order to reach silo in-to-in heat, at any time smooth eliminating, the spy utilizes the hot air flow of warehouse surface rising and the hot air flow that the silo loam cake produces, in fully enclosed louvre, all come together in the inside, gas storehouse, because hot air is lighter than cold air, again under the combined action of the chimney effect of the main line that is higher than silo, thermal current is anxious upwards to be sprung up, at this moment be distributed on interior breather pipe of silo and by path under the effect of the chimney effect of main line, silo internal heat and damp air are all discharged outside the storehouse.In the upper and lower of any season at main line, in the silo and outside the silo, all there is the very big temperature difference, as long as this temperature difference has been arranged, at every moment all can there be airflow flowing in the storehouse He outside the storehouse, this airflow flowing is constantly being followed an eternal unmodified natural law again, rising be hot air, additional is cold air.This rule that forms naturally is the silo necessary condition of lowering the temperature just, in order to guarantee to have regulated and control at any time doing in the silo, humidity, as long as it is just passable to regulate the ventilation volume of each by path valve.

Grain delivery opening is sealed immediately being input into after grain finishes, in order to avoid hot air enters the heat extraction load that increases main line in the storehouse from grain delivery opening, has reduced the heat extraction effect of whole silo.

Utilize top, storehouse deflation hole, can discharge highest point is detained in the silo gas and heat.

Because the side surface area in grain storage storehouse is big especially, the topside area of adding the grain storage storehouse is also very big, must be very high so come together in the air themperature of the inside, gas storehouse.If high like this temperature and many like this heats are again huge wastes really outside the eliminating storehouse in vain.In order to utilize this part energy fully, the spy installs a valve in top outside the storehouse of main line, utilize this valve control hot air to rise, utilize the induced draft fan that is installed in series on the main line on the top in the storehouse simultaneously, the hot air in remittance gas storehouse is drawn into main line, by the joining by path of main line hot air is arranged each place in the grain storage storehouse into again, reach the purpose of utilizing grain in so natural hot-air seasoning storehouse.The damp-heat air of evaporation can be discharged from following quilt by force by breather pipe.

After finishing the oven dry task, in the time of need dropping to standard-required to the temperature in the storehouse, just must open the valve of top, storehouse main line, stop the induced draft fan of main line in the storehouse, allow all hot airs under the effect of main line chimney effect, upwards be got rid of automatically, can start outside the storehouse on the main line series connected induced draft fan in case of necessity to accelerate the effect of heat extraction, cooperate again simultaneously each minor valve of breather pipe is opened, to realize that hot air rises, cold air replenishes, whole grain storage storehouse has become a huge packaged air conditioner again at once, has realized in the storehouse, and the while is by the ventilation cooling purpose outside the storehouse.Utilizing this system's grain storage not to need to use drying plant, is that the exceed standard grain of moisture content puts in storage, and just can reach dry standard in the storehouse.

The advantage of type of the present invention is to utilize one of natural phenomenon, be that hot air rises, cold air replenishes, the earth just forms the natural phenomenon of wind, this phenomenon is refined in the middle of the production that can be used in the automatic cooling in grain storage storehouse, because this cover system little power consumption, need not be mechanical, can be benefited forever after the disposable installation, can lower the grain storage housing cost greatly.If by the 0.5 ton of calculating of grain storage per capita of China's population, national annual grain storage can reach more than 600,000,000 ton.With 20 yuan of calculating of present grain retention fee per ton, the whole nation must be exhausted more than 100 hundred million yuans every year, if national silo all is transformed into automatic cooling system, / 5th saving housing costs by expensive 10,000,000,000 yuan, can save 2,000,000,000 yuans every year, China is a populous nation, and the physical holding of the stock amount may be far longer than this numeral.Certainly spent huge especially, because this automatic cooling system is fully by the natural ventilation cooling, need not take grain out of a granary to sun it, without airing, can reduce of the breakage of various machineries greatly to grain, with significantly reduce of the pollution of mechanical greasy dirt to grain, realize that for real the safekeeping of grain, economic keeping, science keeping and green keeping provide advantage.Whole ventilation, oven dry, cooling, dehumidification system all are in self-regulated at all seasons, automatic control, and middle realization silo is lowered the temperature automatically and is protected the effect of grain.The remarkable advantages of this system is just can be this performance of grain heat-drying in the grain storage storehouse.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing further detail explanation is done in the concrete enforcement of type of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is the integral structure scheme drawing in grain storage storehouse;

Fig. 2 is along the A-A section-drawing among Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is along the B-B section enlarged diagram among Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is along the C-C section enlarged diagram among Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is along the T-T section enlarged diagram among Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is along the clamp enlarged diagram among Fig. 2;

Fig. 7 is along the birds-eye view among Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is along the arm birds-eye view among Fig. 3;

Fig. 9 is along the left view among Fig. 8;

Figure 10 is a pore gauze scheme drawing;

Among the figure 1, umbrella emits 2, storehouse lid heating panel 3, silo loam cake 4, remittance gas storehouse 5, warehouse 6, storehouse lid louvre 7, main line 8, warehouse heating panel 9, by path 10, warehouse louvre 11, valve 12, by path aperture 13, minor valve 14, screw 15, ventilation hole 16, sun shade 17, laterally lacing wire 18, deflation hole 19, grain delivery opening 20, angle 21, silo base 22, top, storehouse deflation hole 23, breather pipe 24, vent window 25, clamp 26, bolt 27, bolt hole 28, little wind-tunnel 29, induced draft fan 30, induced draft fan 31, valve 32, ventilation hole 33, angle 34, by path bottom surface 35, breather port 36, loam cake 37, gauze

From Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 as can be known, warehouse heating panel 8 can have various ways, and square, polygon or the like shape can.On the surface of warehouse 5, utilize screw 14 that the waveform heating panel 8 that antirust sheet steel is made into is fixed, form rule warehouse louvre 10 vertically upward on the surface of warehouse 5.Under the common effect of the height of warehouse louvre 10 and warehouse 5 and storehouse lid louvre 6 and main line 7, main line has produced very strong chimney effect, for better, efficiently, given play to the radiating effect of warehouse louvre 10, special lower edges at warehouse 5 is made sunshade Zhuo 16 with sheet steel on every side, sun shade 16 is like a huge umbrella, the surface of ground surface below the sun shade and warehouse 5, the artificial temperature difference that produced, form the huge wind field of an annular around afterwards in the storehouse, garden, utilize this temperature difference to reach the purpose of whole warehouse 5 outside faces cooling.Warehouse louvre 10 will align mutually, obturage with storehouse lid louvre 6, and the hot air flow that warehouse is risen can all converge at gas storehouse 4 smoothly, discharges by main line 7.So both strengthened the cooling-down effect on warehouse 5 surfaces, also reduced simultaneously the temperature of silo loam cake 3, the pedestal pars intermedia will be reserved the ventilation hole 15 of certain specification in the pedestal 21 of building silo, the utilization that cooperatively interacts of ventilation hole 15 and main line valve 11 can significantly improve the effect of whole cooling system.Grain delivery opening 19 will be selected and remain in the defeated grain and the non-interfering position that ventilates.The diameter of main line 7 and by path 9 will be grasped flexibly according to the size of silo scale, and what the height of main line 7 should be suitable is higher.The umbrella of main line 7 upper ends emits 1 can not allow rain, snow enter the pipe the inside.The bore dia of deflation hole 18 and the quantity in hole will satisfy the needs that all thermal currents pass through, and the size in gas storehouse 4 of converging also will suitably be grasped, and fitness for purpose is that fully to cool off the silo loam cake be standard.Laterally lacing wire 17 can also can utilize steel pipe to replace with reinforcing bar, and the minor valve 13 on the vent line will be installed in vent line 23 bottom.As can be seen from Figure 4, grain delivery opening 19 is wanted tight closing loam cake 36 after the grain of being totally lost, in case hot air constantly enters the silo the inside, to prevent to reduce the heat extraction effect of main line 7.The deflation hole 22 of silo inner top is to discharge heat and the moisture that is trapped in the silo highest point.Top, storehouse exhausr port 22 cannot dock in order to avoid influence the exhaust of main line 7, the heat extraction effect with main line 7 in the storehouse.For actv. gives full play of the cooling-down effect of this system, very crucial is when building silo, must note silo single-piece tightness.Tight more, airtight more effect can be good more.Said grain delivery opening loam cake 36 must cover tightly at any time and covers completely.

As can be seen from Figure 3, in the storehouse of each breather pipe 23 part be segmentation with same perpendicular line on each by path 9 weld intercommunication.Following of each breather pipe 23 all edge stretches out at the bottom of the storehouse, and communicates with the cold air of each little wind-tunnel 28.Following of each breather pipe 23 all respectively installed a minor valve 13.Usefulness for the regulation and control ventilation volume.There is vent window 24 below of the valve of main line 7.

From Fig. 3, it can also be seen that, because many breather pipes 23 that vertically stand on the inwall of storehouse, it at every moment all is the cold air that under the effect of the chimney effect of main line 7, is aspirating the silo bottom, this effect not only can be controlled at humidity in the grain in the storehouse and temperature within the desirable scope completely, the a large amount of heats in the conduction warehouse entry outside the bulkhead have also been cooled off simultaneously, the cooling of breather pipe 23 and fanning effect are very significant thus.The induced draft fan 30 owing on main line, be installed in series, can advance a large amount of hot air row pressures the inside in grain storage storehouse at any time, so just can guarantee conscientiously that main line 7 and by path 9 are because of knot in winter top, grain storage storehouse, and making grain that a bad difficult problem such as rotten take place, the breather port 35 that said by path 9 docks with main line 7 must be tightly, weld.The angle of the angle 35 between the lower end of said each by path 9 and each the breather pipe welding part can be selected between 90 degree-150 degree.When utilizing the grain storage of this system, can analyze and find out: the valve 11 that main line 7 is installed does not bottom need to open generally speaking, that is to say in the bottom of main line 7 has had under the situation of certain long-pending soil and ponding, just can open main line valve 11, should close immediately after emitting water and soil, in order to avoid influence the chimney effect of main line 9.Each breather pipe 23 nethermost each minor valve 13 around being distributed in the silo, can according to do in the storehouse, humidity and temperature requirement and regulation and control flexibly.Can close generally speaking, like this under the effect of main line 7 chimney effects, in the discharge storehouse, outside the storehouse unnecessary heat the time, a large amount of being drawn in the silo automatically of breather pipe that can be equally spaced the cold air under the silo to install by the silo inner periphery again, and the purpose that reaches cooling, ventilation, dehumidifies.Said valve 31 also can utilize plate to replace.Because the head bottom of each breather pipe 23 has a minor valve 13 controlling intake respectively, so can arbitrarily regulate and control the temperature and humidity of each local location in the grain storage storehouse, that is to say, if during the situation that some points have taken place to go mouldy and have a fever in the grain storage storehouse, just can correspondingly open and the corresponding breather pipe 23 in this position minor valve 13 bottom, take suitable ventilation volume, administered the accident that this position takes place.Certain one is the oven drying method of taking hot air, and other method is to get rid of heat, introduce cold air can, can imagine and preferably take the utilization of two kinds of method mixed and alternates that its effect is certain to Billy with strong many of a kind of method.

When utilizing induced draft fan 30 that hot air is drawn into main line 7, when respectively hot air being compressed into every by path 9 and dries the grain in storehouse again, must close the valve 11 of being responsible for foot, heat and humidity in the storehouse are got rid of from each following minor valve 13 by by path 9 and breather pipe 23, after finishing this procedure of oven dry, close induced draft fan 30, start induced draft fan 29, close the valve 11 of main line 7, open all vent lines 23 minor valve 13 bottom again, the unnecessary heat in the storehouse is all got rid of.Such grain storage storehouse itself has just had the function of oven dry grain, the function that has cooling, dehumidifying automatic ventilation and mechanical ventilation free running fit to use again.

Because can compress into inside, grain storage storehouse to a large amount of hot airs by induced draft fan 30 dries grain, for the temperature that improves the hot air of drying grain can utilize a valve 31 to be installed in the below certain position of induced draft fan 29, when in storage food storehouse, pressing hot blast so as not to induced draft fan 30, the cold air on main line 7 tops also is drawn into silo simultaneously, and has reduced the gas flow temperature of oven dry grain.Be noted that when utilizing this cover technology that said induced draft fan 29 and induced draft fan 30 can not start simultaneously, but open respectively as required or close.The valve 11 that install said main line lower end must be constructed with ventilation hole 32 matching design.Said and breather ports 24 main line 11 lower end side have ventilation, dedusting and emit effect such as rainwater.Said induced draft fan 29 can be assisted the chimney effect that strengthens main line 9, that is to say, when because of weather or when leaning on the desirable aeration-cooling effect of natural ventilation out of reach season, just can start the induced draft fan 29 that is series at above the main line 7, with the flow and the flow velocity of increase thermal current, thereby reach the purpose of cooling off silo.The effect of said induced draft fan 30 is for the thermal current that can rise grain storage storehouse outside face, takes out and compresses into main line 7 the insides from converging gas storehouse 4, is entered each by path 9 the inside by pressure respectively again, utilizes the grain in such hot air dries grain storage storehouse.Because this system has the double action of oven dry and cooling simultaneously, so utilize the grain storage storehouse after this system reform can not need drying plant fully.A grain storage storehouse of transforming had so both had drying capacity and effect, also had the ability and the effect of cooling, ventilation, drying, dehumidifying simultaneously.From Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 as can be known, the effect of said steel pipe clamp 25, bolt 26, bolt hole 27 is in order to stablize each root breather pipe 23 above the inwall of silo.

From Fig. 8, Fig. 9 as can be known, the certain width 34 of vertical bottom surface of said by path 9 does not process air extractor vent 12, utilizes such by path 9 to discharge the grain storage storehouse outside the storehouse smoothly because of the water that frost and snow that winter, pipeline produced changes into.

As can be seen from Figure 10, said gauze 37 can be used for looping on the surface of each by path 9, in case fine grain grain falls into stone in the pipe from air extractor vent 12, and makes by path 9 blocked.

In sum, as can be seen, this automatic cooling system in cover grain storage storehouse is that a silo innner and outer combines, silo combines up and down, combine with by path 9 with main line 7, the top of main line 7 itself, middle part, and the bottom combine, the automatic cooling system in single-piece grain storage storehouse that louvre 6 and warehouse louvre 8 combine is covered in main line 7 and storehouse.

This cover system not light-use also can utilize the storage fruit aspect the grain storage cooling, and dry fruit is preserved the dish class, other needs flesh of fish or the like to ventilate, the industry of cooling, and this cover system has full automaticity, few power consumption, cost is low, makes simple, easy for installation, sturdy and durable, overall performance is good, and is easy to maintenance, disposable installation is benefited forever, and the efficient height can lower carrying cost greatly, accomplish the little expense of state, the little labor of people is finished the keeping task in comfortable environment.This overlaps automatic cooling system and is suitable for newly-built silo, also be suitable for transforming silo, if old-fashioned silo, as long as just can reach result of use by the figure construction, it is more outstanding particularly to transform existing iron-clad silo effect, and the small investment instant effect is about being nearly doubled by the every storage index of flow of improved large-scale iron-clad silo amount, and when can improve the grain storage in conventional grain storage storehouse highly greatly, can preserve grain need not take grain out of a granary to sun it airing and oven dry in that foolproof environment is medium-term and long-term.

This automatic cooling system in cover grain storage storehouse both had been suitable for needs small-sized, medium-sized, large granary, the needs that also are suitable for the ultra-large type silo, if large-scale and ultra-large type silo will utilize this system, aeration-cooling dehumidifying and oven dry can be distributed among the silo with many main lines.Discharge storehouse inside and outside heat and moisture simultaneously.The method that also can increase the diameter of the diameter of main line 7 and overstriking main line 7 and by path 9 and quantity can reach the needs of the cool-down dehumidification in large-scale or ultra-large type grain storage storehouse equally.Utilize this cover grain storage storehouse cooling system, the silo in winter that can solve the northern area of China is generally tied and is met with into a large amount of losses of grain behind the top reliable assurance is provided.Particularly can break a new path because of the too thin grain storage for a long time of bulkhead for solving the iron-clad silo.Certainly this cover system also is adapted in all parts of the country being extensive use of, and is more suitable for the application that big-and-middle-sized feed processing stores enterprise.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of grain storage storehouse automatic ventilation, oven dry, cooling, dehumidification system, it is characterized in that: the inside, storehouse of said every breather pipe (23) is all docked with by path (9) in the storehouse respectively and is welded, all respectively along stretching out outside at the bottom of the silo, the lower end head of said each breather pipe (23) is all installed a minor valve (13) to following part of said every breather pipe (23) separately.The higher authorities of said every by path (9) weld with main line (7) all.

2, silo automatic ventilation according to claim 1, oven dry, cooling, dehumidification system, it is characterized in that: said steel pipe clamp (25), bolt (26), the bolt hole (27) suitably highly all used respectively in the storehouse of each breather pipe (23) is fixed on the internal face of silo, said each minor valve (13) of installing with each breather pipe (23) lower end all is installed in ventilation hole (28) the inside of grain storage storehouse bottom periphery separately, vent window (24) is arranged below the said main line valve (11), and said breather port (15) communicates with ventilation hole (32).

3, grain storage according to claim 1 storehouse automatic ventilation, oven dry, cooling, dehumidification system, it is characterized in that the said induced draft fan (29) that is installed in series with main line (7), the said valve (31) that is installed in series with main line (7), angle (33) can be selected between the 90-150 degree between said every breather pipe (23) and the every by path (9), vertical bottom surface (34) of said every by path (9) will be reserved certain width and not process aperture (12), the by path (9) that every row vertically arranges in the said grain storage storehouse all respectively with same straight line on the fixing and intercommunication of breather pipe (23) welding, between said storehouse lid heating panel (2) and the silo loam cake (3) is the remittance gas storehouse (4) of stored heat air, the loam cake (36) of said grain delivery opening (19) is a hinge-coupled, the said pore gauze (37) that is wrapped in each by path (9) outside face.

Images