CN1431177A - Coated fertilizer and its preparation method - Google Patents
Coated fertilizer and its preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1431177A CN1431177A CN 03111727 CN03111727A CN1431177A CN 1431177 A CN1431177 A CN 1431177A CN 03111727 CN03111727 CN 03111727 CN 03111727 A CN03111727 A CN 03111727A CN 1431177 A CN1431177 A CN 1431177A
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Abstract
A coated fertilizer is composed of fertilizer core and coated layer. The said fertilizer core contains chemical fertilizer, nutritive meta-element fertilizer and nutritive trace-element fertilizer. The said coated layer is the mixture of polyvinyl alcohol, aldehyde, water-insulable additive and filler. Its advantages are high utilization rate, high effect on increasing yield, and no pollution.
Description
Affiliated technical field:
The present invention relates to the field of slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology:
Developed many coated fertilizers in recent years, promptly used a kind of organic materials or inorganic materials, reached the raising fertilizer utilization ratio the slow stripping of granular chemical fertilizer.
A kind of is with sulphur, wax or low-molecular weight polymer coating particles chemical fertilizer; a kind of is with superpolymer coating particles chemical fertilizer such as polyolefin resin or polyvinyl dichloride multipolymers; but preceding a kind of coated material consumption is big; dissolution rate is regulated relatively poor; a kind of coated material consumption in back is less; than being easier to regulate dissolution rate, but these macromolecular materials are difficult to be decomposed, and may cause adverse influence to environment.
SU1784616 discloses a kind of coating mineral manure particulate mixture, and this mixture contains polyvinyl alcohol, methyl acrylate, sapropel and water.CS8601153 discloses the chemical fertilizer with halogen formaldehyde condensation products modified polyethylene alcohol coating.All there are some unsurmountable defectives in these prior aries aspect processing and the production cost.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of coated fertilizer that overcomes these defectives of prior art.
A further object of the invention provides a kind of production method of described coated fertilizer.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions its goal of the invention:
1, a kind of coated fertilizer, it is characterized in that this fertilizer is examined by fertilizer and its coat layer is formed: described fertilizer is one or more in chemical fertilizer, middle amount nutritive element fertilizer or the micronutrient fertiliser; Described coat layer comprises following compound: the mixing cpd of polyvinyl alcohol, aldehyde and water insoluble supplement, the weight of described coat layer are the 5-30% of this coated fertilizer gross weight.
2, according to above-mentioned (1) described coated fertilizer, the weight that it is characterized in that described coat layer is the 1-30% of this coated fertilizer gross weight.
3,, it is characterized in that described coat layer contains water-fast filler according to above-mentioned (1) described coated fertilizer.
4, according to above-mentioned (3) described coated fertilizer, the weight that it is characterized in that water insoluble filler is the 5-30% of described coat layer gross weight.
5, according to above-mentioned (4) described coated fertilizer, the weight that it is characterized in that water-fast filler is the 5-20% of described coat layer gross weight.
6,, it is characterized in that water-fast filler is one or more materials that are selected from by in talcum powder, clay, diatomite, sand, metal silicate, lime carbonate, polyethylene, sulphur, EVA metal oxide, the pitch according to above-mentioned (3) described coated fertilizer.
7,, it is characterized in that described chemical fertilizer is one or more compounds that are selected from urea, ammonium nitrate, bicarbonate of ammonia, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, composite fertilizer, compound fertilizer, nitrocalcite, potassiumphosphate, vitriolate of tartar, Repone K or the saltpetre according to above-mentioned (1) described coated fertilizer.
8,, it is characterized in that described middle amount nutritive element fertilizer is one or more fertilizer that are selected from calcareous fertilisers, fertiliser containing magnesium or the sulfur fertilizer according to (1) described coated fertilizer.
9,, it is characterized in that described micronutrient fertiliser is one or more fertilizer that are selected from boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, molydbenum fertilizer, manganese fertilizer, copper fertilizer or the iron fertilizer according to above-mentioned (1) described coated fertilizer.
10, the preparation method of the described coated fertilizer in above-mentioned (1)-(9) is characterized in that this method comprises the steps:
(1) weighing polyvinyl alcohol, wherein 500＜n＜1200 are dissolved in the water polyvinyl alcohol under stirring at room lentamente, add 1＜pH≤3.5 that its solution is regulated in acid, and described acid can be mineral acids such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, preferably sulfuric acid:
(2) above-mentioned polyvinyl alcohol solution is heated to 50-80 ℃, in this solution, drip aldehyde solution again, obtain the condensation product of a kind of polyvinyl alcohol and aldehyde, described aldehyde is any aldehyde in formaldehyde, acetaldehyde or the propionic aldehyde, and the weight ratio of described polyvinyl alcohol and described aldehyde is 15: 1-12:
(3) with alkaline solution described condensation product being neutralized to pH again is 6-8, obtains a kind of transparent liquid;
(4) add water-fast granulated filler in described transparent liquid, obtain a kind of spray coating liquor, the weight of water-fast filler is the 5-30% of the coat layer gross weight of dry coating fertilizer.
(5) described spray coating liquor is sprayed on granular chemical fertilizer, middle amount nutritive element fertilizer or the micronutrient fertiliser, obtains described coated fertilizer after drying, after the drying, the weight of its coat layer is the 5-18% of this coated fertilizer gross weight.
To describe coated fertilizer of the present invention and preparation method thereof in detail below.
People know that polyvinyl alcohol resin is white or milk yellow powder, and swelling in water through low-grade fever or the i.e. dissolving of stirring, can get the tough and gentle transparence film of one deck behind its aqueous solution evaporate.The inventor finds through a large amount of tests back at coated fertilizer of the present invention, polyvinyl alcohol and aldehyde reaction can obtain a kind of organic solution, wherein n is that 200-1200 is more desirable in the polyvinyl alcohol molecule, polyvinyl alcohol and aldehyde carry out the resulting solution of condensation reaction with weight ratio 15: 1-12, and to be used for the chemical fertilizer coating be relatively suitable, if the weight ratio of aldehyde is less than 1, then coating film is thin and easily crisp, be unfavorable for controlling the slow release speed of chemical fertilizer, if the weight ratio of aldehyde was greater than 12 o'clock, then resulting soltion viscosity is bigger, thick coating, the also slow release speed of wayward chemical fertilizer, in addition, also increase the cost of this coated fertilizer greatly.
As for described aldehyde, can use formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionic aldehyde, butyraldehyde-n, isobutyric aldehyde, preferably formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionic aldehyde.
The temperature of reaction of polyvinyl alcohol and aldehyde is below 100 ℃, temperature be below 80 ℃ better, temperature be 50-80 ℃ best.
The reaction times of polyvinyl alcohol and aldehyde is 1-30 minute, preferably 5-10 minute.
In the coating of coated fertilizer of the present invention, except the condensation product of above-mentioned polyvinyl alcohol and aldehyde, also contain and be insoluble in water or water-fast filler.The described water or water insoluble that is insoluble in is meant that at room temperature meltage is less than those materials of 0.01 gram in 1000 ml waters.The part by weight of this filler in described coating can be higher, also can be lower, if this part by weight is too high, then coating is easy to fragmentation, and strength of coating is poor, if this part by weight is too low, the strength of coating height, discharge but be unfavorable for controlling chemical fertilizer, therefore the part by weight through a large amount of test and Selection is 5-30%, preferably 10-20%.
This filler is selected from talcum powder, clay, the diatom, one or more materials in the sand, metal silicate, lime carbonate, sulphur, EVA, metal oxide, pitch.
The not special regulation of the fertilizer that can wrap up for example can be one or more compounds that are selected from urea, ammonium nitrate, bicarbonate of ammonia, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, potassiumphosphate, vitriolate of tartar, Repone K or the saltpetre; Can also be to be selected from amount nutritive element fertilizer in calcareous fertilisers, fertiliser containing magnesium or the sulfur fertilizer one or more; Can also be one or more micronutrient fertilisers that are selected from boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, molydbenum fertilizer, manganese fertilizer, copper fertilizer or the iron fertilizer.
The preparation method of described coated fertilizer comprises the steps:
(1) weighing polyvinyl alcohol, 500＜n＜1200 wherein, under stirring at room, lentamente polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved in the water, after treating that whole polyvinyl alcohol have dissolved, drip acid again, with acidity adjustment to 1＜pH≤3.5 of this solution, described acid can be mineral acids such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, also can use organic acid, preferably sulfuric acid;
(2) above-mentioned polyvinyl alcohol solution is heated to 50-80 ℃, in this solution, drips aldehyde solution again, react after 1-30 minute, obtain the condensation product of a kind of polyvinyl alcohol and aldehyde, this solution is a kind of even, transparent solution, and good flowing properties is stable in air.Described aldehyde is any aldehyde in formaldehyde, acetaldehyde or the propionic aldehyde, and the weight ratio of described polyvinyl alcohol and described aldehyde is 15: 1-12;
(3) with alkaline solution described condensation product being neutralized to pH again is 6-8, is still a kind of transparent liquid; Described alkali can be mineral alkali, as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, yellow soda ash, or organic bases, as trolamine etc.;
(4) add water-fast granulated filler in described transparent liquid, obtain a kind of spray coating liquor, the weight of water-fast filler is the 5-30% of the coat layer gross weight of dry coating fertilizer.Described filler particles granularity should be less than 100 orders;
(5) adopt pressurized air that described spray coating liquor is sprayed on granular chemical fertilizer, middle amount nutritive element fertilizer or the micronutrient fertiliser, obtain described coated fertilizer after drying, after the drying, the weight of its coat layer is the 5-18% of this coated fertilizer gross weight.
Any equipment that uses in the time of can adopting the preparation coated fertilizer sprays.
Coated fertilizer of the present invention has following positively effect:
1, can adjust coat-thickness and fertilizer release rate easily, just the content of the part by weight of poly-ethanol of change and aldehyde and water-fast filler just can arbitrarily change the release rate of fertilizer.Release rate is defined as fertilizer meltage in the unit weight fertilizer unit time.With urea is example, and its release rate can 10
-1The Grams Per Second ton---10
-6Grams Per Second because the release rate difference can satisfy the wooden same requirement in different growing stages of various crops, not only can improve utilization rate of fertilizer.Compare with common urea, the urea utilization ratio can improve 50%.
2, use coated fertilizer of the present invention can increase crop yield significantly, compare, can increase production corn 20%, wheat 25%, paddy rice 25%, cotton 20%, vegetables 25% with common urea.
3, the polymeric coating material of existing coated fertilizer may cause certain pollution to soil and environment because of being not easy to decompose, but coated material of the present invention does not pollute soil and environment.
4, coated fertilizer of the present invention significantly reduces than the production cost of existing Wrapped fertilizer.
Below will the invention will be further described by embodiment.
Embodiment 1
(1) take by weighing 15 weight account polyethylene alcohol, wherein n=550 is dissolved in polyvinyl alcohol in 40 weight parts waters under stirring at room lentamente, treat that whole polyvinyl alcohol have dissolved after, drip 0.1N sulfuric acid again, with the acidity adjustment of this solution to pH=1.5;
(2) above-mentioned polyvinyl alcohol solution is heated to 50 ℃, in this solution, drips again, react after 5 minutes by 1 part of formaldehyde solution of formaldehyde weight, obtain the condensation product of a kind of polyvinyl alcohol and aldehyde, this solution is a kind of even, transparent solution, and good flowing properties is stable in air;
(3) with the 0.1N sodium hydroxide solution described condensation product being neutralized to pH again is 6.2, is still a kind of transparent liquid;
(4) in described transparent liquid, add 1 part of 100 order talcum powder, adopt mechanical stirrer that talcum powder and described liquid mixing is even, obtain a kind of spray coating liquor;
(5) adopt pressurized air with atomizer described spray coating liquor to be sprayed on the granular urea, obtain described coating urea fertilizer after drying, after the drying, the weight of its coat layer is 5% of this coated fertilizer gross weight.
Taking by weighing 100 common ureas that do not wrap up of gram present embodiments puts into 1000 ml waters and carries out solubility test.Meanwhile, take by weighing coating urea 100 grams of this embodiment of the invention preparation, transfer in people's 1000 ml waters, be determined at the urea concentration in the different time water in the condition of same room temperature.The result shows long 100000 times of the time ratio common urea that coating urea of the present invention dissolved fully.
Show that through field test compare with common urea, coating urea of the present invention can increase production corn 20%.
Embodiment 2
(1) take by weighing 15 weight account polyethylene alcohol, wherein n=550 is dissolved in polyvinyl alcohol in 40 weight parts waters under stirring at room lentamente, treat that whole polyvinyl alcohol have dissolved after, drip 0.1N sulfuric acid again, with the acidity adjustment of this solution to pH=1.5;
(2) above-mentioned polyvinyl alcohol solution is heated to 50 ℃, drips by 3 parts of formaldehyde solutions of formaldehyde weight in this solution again, reacts after 10 minutes, obtain the condensation product of a kind of polyvinyl alcohol and aldehyde, this solution is a kind of even, transparent solution, and good flowing properties is stable in air;
(3) with the 0.1N sodium hydroxide solution described condensation product being neutralized to pH again is 6.2, is still a kind of transparent liquid;
(4) in described transparent liquid, add 1.5 part of 100 order talcum powder, adopt mechanical stirrer that talcum powder and described liquid mixing is even, obtain a kind of spray coating liquor;
(5) pressurized air is sprayed at described spray coating liquor on the granular urea with atomizer, obtains described coating urea fertilizer after drying, and after the drying, the weight of its coat layer is 10% of this coated fertilizer gross weight.
Taking by weighing 100 common ureas that do not wrap up of gram present embodiments puts into 1000 ml waters and carries out solubility test.Meanwhile, take by weighing coating urea 100 grams of this embodiment of the invention preparation, transfer in people's 1000 ml waters, be determined at the urea concentration in the different time water in the condition of same room temperature.The result shows long 12.9 ten thousand times of the time ratio common urea that coating urea of the present invention dissolved fully.
Show that through field test compare with common urea, coating urea of the present invention can increase production wheat 25%.
Embodiment 3
(1) take by weighing 15 weight account polyethylene alcohol, wherein n=650 is dissolved in polyvinyl alcohol in 40 weight parts waters under stirring at room lentamente, treat that whole polyvinyl alcohol have dissolved after, drip 0.1N sulfuric acid again, with the acidity adjustment of this solution to pH=1.8;
(2) above-mentioned polyvinyl alcohol solution is heated to 55 ℃, in this solution, drips again, react after 18 minutes by 5 parts of formaldehyde solutions of formaldehyde weight, obtain the condensation product of a kind of polyvinyl alcohol and aldehyde, this solution is a kind of even, transparent solution, and good flowing properties is stable in air;
(3) with the 0.1N potassium hydroxide solution described condensation product being neutralized to pH again is 6.5, is still a kind of transparent liquid;
(4) in described transparent liquid, add 1.5 part of 100 order talcum powder, adopt mechanical stirrer that talcum powder and described liquid mixing is even, obtain a kind of spray coating liquor;
(5) adopt pressurized air with atomizer described spray coating liquor to be sprayed on the granular urea, obtain described coating urea fertilizer after drying, after the drying, the weight of its coat layer is 14% of this coated fertilizer gross weight.
Taking by weighing 100 common ureas that wrap up of gram present embodiments puts into 1000 ml waters and carries out solubility test.Meanwhile, take by weighing coating urea 190 grams of this embodiment of the invention preparation, under the condition of same room temperature, put into 1000 ml waters, be determined at the urea concentration in the different time water.The result shows that time ratio common urea that coating urea of the present invention dissolved fully is than 2,96 ten thousand times.
Show that through field test compare with common urea, coating urea of the present invention can increase production paddy rice 25%.
Embodiment 4
(1) take by weighing 15 weight account polyethylene alcohol, wherein n=650 is dissolved in polyvinyl alcohol in 40 weight parts waters under stirring at room lentamente, treats the dissolving of whole polyvinyl alcohol successively, drips 0.1N hydrochloric acid again, with the acidity adjustment of this solution to pH=2.0;
(2) above-mentioned polyvinyl alcohol solution is heated to 55 ℃, in this solution, drips again, react after 18 minutes by 1 part of acetaldehyde solution of acetaldehyde weight, obtain the condensation product of a kind of polyvinyl alcohol and aldehyde, this solution is a kind of even, transparent solution, and good flowing properties is stable in air;
(3) with the 0.1N potassium hydroxide solution described condensation product being neutralized to pH again is 6.6, is still a kind of transparent liquid;
(4) in described transparent liquid, add 2.5 part of 100 order clay, adopt mechanical stirrer that clay and described liquid mixing is even, obtain a kind of spray coating liquor;
(5) adopt pressurized air with atomizer described spray coating liquor to be sprayed on the granular urea, obtain described coating urea fertilizer after drying, after the drying, the weight of its coat layer is 10% of this coated fertilizer gross weight.
Taking by weighing 100 common ureas that do not wrap up of gram present embodiments puts into 1000 ml waters and carries out solubility test.Meanwhile, take by weighing coating urea 100 grams of this embodiment of the invention preparation, under the condition of same room temperature, put into 1000 ml waters, be determined at the urea concentration in the different time water.The result shows long 2.96 ten thousand times of the time ratio common urea that coating urea of the present invention dissolved fully.
Show that through field test compare with common urea, coating urea of the present invention can increase production corn 25%.
Embodiment 5
(1) take by weighing 15 weight account polyethylene alcohol, wherein n=690 is dissolved in polyvinyl alcohol in 40 weight parts waters under stirring at room lentamente, treat that whole polyvinyl alcohol have dissolved after, drip 0.1N hydrochloric acid again, with the acidity adjustment of this solution to PH=2.0:
(2) above-mentioned polyvinyl alcohol solution is heated to 60 ℃, in this solution, drips again, react after 18 minutes by 4 parts of acetaldehyde solution of acetaldehyde weight, obtain the condensation product of a kind of polyvinyl alcohol and aldehyde, this solution is a kind of even, transparent solution, and good flowing properties is stable in air;
(3) with the 0.1N potassium hydroxide solution described condensation product being neutralized to pH again is 6.6, is still a kind of transparent liquid;
(4) in described transparent liquid, add 2.5 part of 100 order clay, adopt mechanical stirrer that clay and described liquid mixing is even, obtain a kind of spray coating liquor;
(5) adopt pressurized air with atomizer described spray coating liquor to be sprayed on the granular bicarbonate of ammonia, obtain described coating urea fertilizer after drying, after the drying, the weight of its coat layer is 10% of this coated fertilizer gross weight.
Taking by weighing the 100 common bicarbonate of ammonia that do not wrap up of gram present embodiments puts into 1000 ml waters and carries out solubility test.Meanwhile, take by weighing coating bicarbonate of ammonia 100 grams of this embodiment of the invention preparation, under the condition of same room temperature, put into 1000 ml waters, be determined at the bicarbonate of ammonia concentration in the different time water.The result shows long 12.9 ten thousand times of the common bicarbonate of ammonia of the consoluet time ratio of coating bicarbonate of ammonia of the present invention.
Show that through field test compare with common bicarbonate of ammonia, coating urea of the present invention can increase production corn 25%.
Embodiment 6
(1) take by weighing 15 weight account polyethylene alcohol, wherein n=800 is dissolved in polyvinyl alcohol in 40 weight parts waters under stirring at room lentamente, treat that whole polyvinyl alcohol have dissolved after, drip 0.1N nitric acid again, with the acidity adjustment of this solution to Ph-2.0;
(2) above-mentioned polyvinyl alcohol solution is heated to 60 ℃, in this solution, drips again, react after 22 minutes by 7 parts of acetaldehyde solution of acetaldehyde weight, obtain the condensation product of a kind of polyvinyl alcohol and aldehyde, this solution is a kind of even, transparent solution, and good flowing properties is stable in air;
(3) with the 0.1N potassium hydroxide solution described condensation product being neutralized to pH again is 7.0, is still a kind of transparent liquid;
(4) in described transparent liquid, add 4.5 part of 100 order clay, adopt mechanical stirrer that clay and described liquid mixing is even, obtain a kind of spray coating liquor;
(5) adopt pressurized air with atomizer described spray coating liquor to be sprayed on the granular bicarbonate of ammonia, obtain described coating urea fertilizer after drying, after the drying, the weight of its coat layer is 16% of this coated fertilizer gross weight.
Taking by weighing the 100 common bicarbonate of ammonia that wrap up of gram present embodiments puts into 1000 ml waters and carries out solubility test.Meanwhile, take by weighing coating bicarbonate of ammonia 100 grams of this embodiment of the invention preparation, under the condition of same room temperature, put into 1000 ml waters, be determined at the bicarbonate of ammonia concentration in the different time water.The result shows long 12.9 ten thousand times of the common bicarbonate of ammonia of the consoluet time ratio of coating bicarbonate of ammonia of the present invention.
Show that through field test compare with common bicarbonate of ammonia, coating urea of the present invention can increase production corn 26%.
Embodiment 7
(1) take by weighing 15 weight account polyethylene alcohol, wherein n=800 is dissolved in polyvinyl alcohol in 40 weight parts waters under stirring at room lentamente, treat that whole polyvinyl alcohol have dissolved after, drip 0.1N nitric acid again, with the acidity adjustment of this solution to Ph=2.0;
(2) above-mentioned polyvinyl alcohol solution is heated to 60 ℃, in this solution, drips again, react after 22 minutes by 7 parts of acetaldehyde solution of acetaldehyde weight, obtain the condensation product of a kind of polyvinyl alcohol and aldehyde, this solution is a kind of even, transparent solution, and good flowing properties is stable in air;
(3) with the 0.1N potassium hydroxide solution described condensation product being neutralized to pH again is 7, is still a kind of transparent liquid;
(4) in described transparent liquid, add 4.5 part of 100 order clay, adopt mechanical stirrer that clay and described liquid mixing is even, obtain a kind of spray coating liquor;
(5) adopt pressurized air with atomizer described spray coating liquor to be sprayed on the granular bicarbonate of ammonia, obtain described coating urea fertilizer after drying, after the drying, the weight of its coat layer is this coated fertilizer gross weight 18%.
Taking by weighing the 100 common bicarbonate of ammonia that do not wrap up of gram present embodiments puts into 1000 ml waters and carries out solubility test.Meanwhile take by weighing coating bicarbonate of ammonia 100 grams of this embodiment of the invention preparation, transfer in people's 1000 ml waters, be determined at the bicarbonate of ammonia concentration in the different time water at same room temperature condition.The result shows long 12.982 ten thousand times of the common bicarbonate of ammonia of the consoluet time ratio of coating bicarbonate of ammonia of the present invention.
Show through field test, compare with common bicarbonate of ammonia.Coating urea of the present invention can increase production soybean 21%.
Embodiment 8
(1) take by weighing 15 weight account polyethylene alcohol, wherein n=890 is dissolved in polyvinyl alcohol in 40 weight parts waters under stirring at room lentamente, treat that whole polyvinyl alcohol have dissolved after, drip 0.1N sulfuric acid again, with the acidity adjustment of this solution to PH=3.0;
(2) above-mentioned polyvinyl alcohol solution is heated to 60 ℃, drip by 5 parts of propionic aldehyde solution of propionic aldehyde weight in this solution, react after 25 minutes: obtain the condensation product of a kind of polyvinyl alcohol and aldehyde, this solution is a kind of even, transparent solution again, good flowing properties is stable in air;
(3) with the 0.1N sodium hydroxide solution described condensation product being neutralized to pH again is 7.0, is still a kind of transparent liquid;
(4) in described transparent liquid, add 4.0 part of 120 order diatomite, adopt mechanical stirrer that diatomite and described liquid mixing is even, obtain a kind of spray coating liquor;
(5) adopt pressurized air with atomizer described spray coating liquor to be sprayed on the granular ammonium sulfate, obtain described coating ammonium sulfate fertilizer after drying, after the drying, the weight of its coat layer is 24% of this coated fertilizer gross weight.
Taking by weighing the 100 common ammonium sulfate that do not wrap up of gram present embodiments puts into 1000 ml waters and carries out solubility test.Meanwhile, take by weighing coating ammonium sulfate 100 grams of this embodiment of the invention preparation, under the condition of same room temperature, put into 1000 ml waters, be determined at the ammonium sulfate concentrations in the different time water.The result shows long 13.1 ten thousand times of the common ammonium sulfate of the consoluet time ratio of coating ammonium sulfate of the present invention.
Show that through field test compare with common ammonium sulfate, coating ammonium sulfate of the present invention can increase production corn 26%.
Embodiment 9
(1) take by weighing 15 weight account polyethylene alcohol, wherein n=1200 is dissolved in polyvinyl alcohol in 40 weight parts waters under stirring at room lentamente, treat that whole polyvinyl alcohol have dissolved after, drip 0.1N sulfuric acid again, with the acidity adjustment of this solution to PH=3.0;
(2) above-mentioned polyvinyl alcohol solution is heated to 70 ℃, in this solution, drips again, react after 30 minutes by 9 parts of propionic aldehyde solution of propionic aldehyde weight, obtain the condensation product of a kind of polyvinyl alcohol and aldehyde, this solution is a kind of even, transparent solution, and good flowing properties is stable in air;
(3) with the 0.1N sodium hydroxide solution described condensation product being neutralized to PH again is 7.6, is still a kind of transparent liquid;
(4) in described transparent liquid, add 6.0 part of 100 order lime carbonate, adopt mechanical stirrer that lime carbonate and described liquid mixing is even, obtain a kind of spray coating liquor;
(5) adopt pressurized air with atomizer described spray coating liquor to be sprayed on the granular ammonium sulfate, obtain described coating ammonium sulfate fertilizer after drying, after the drying, the weight of its coat layer is 27% of this coated fertilizer gross weight.
Taking by weighing the 100 common ammonium sulfate that do not wrap up of gram present embodiments puts into 1000 ml waters and carries out solubility test.Meanwhile, take by weighing coating ammonium sulfate 100 grams of this embodiment of the invention preparation, under the condition of same room temperature, put into 1000 ml waters, be determined at the ammonium sulfate concentrations in the different time water.The result shows long 13.5 ten thousand times of the common ammonium sulfate of the consoluet time ratio of coating ammonium sulfate of the present invention.
Show that through field test compare with common ammonium sulfate, coating ammonium sulfate of the present invention can increase production cotton 26%.
Embodiment 10
(1) take by weighing 15 weight account polyethylene alcohol, wherein n=1200 is dissolved in polyvinyl alcohol in 40 weight parts waters under stirring at room lentamente, treat that whole polyvinyl alcohol have dissolved after, drip 0.1N hydrochloric acid again, with the acidity adjustment of this solution to pH=3.0;
(2) above-mentioned polyvinyl alcohol solution is heated to 70 ℃, in this solution, drips again, react after 30 minutes by 1 part of butyraldehyde solution of butyraldehyde weight, obtain the condensation product of a kind of polyvinyl alcohol and aldehyde, this solution is a kind of even, transparent solution, and good flowing properties is stable in air;
(3) with the 0.1N sodium hydroxide solution described condensation product being neutralized to pH again is 7.8, is still a kind of transparent liquid;
(4) in described transparent liquid, add 6.0 part of 100 order ferric oxide, adopt mechanical stirrer that ferric oxide and described liquid mixing is even, obtain a kind of spray coating liquor;
(5) adopt pressurized air with atomizer described spray coating liquor to be sprayed on the granular vitriolate of tartar, obtain described coating potassium sulfate fertilizers after drying, the weight of dry back, its coat layer is 7% of this coated fertilizer gross weight.
Taking by weighing the 100 common vitriolate of tartar that do not wrap up of gram present embodiments puts into 1000 ml waters and carries out solubility test.Meanwhile, take by weighing coating vitriolate of tartar 100 grams of this embodiment of the invention preparation, under the condition of same room temperature, put into 1000 ml waters, be determined at the vitriolate of tartar concentration in the different time water.The result shows long 13.8 ten thousand times of the common ammonium sulfate of the consoluet time ratio of coating ammonium sulfate of the present invention.
Embodiment 11
(1) take by weighing 15 weight account polyethylene alcohol, wherein n=820 is dissolved in polyvinyl alcohol in 49 weight parts waters under stirring at room lentamente, treat that whole polyvinyl alcohol have dissolved after, drip 0.1N hydrochloric acid again, with the acidity adjustment of this solution to PH=3.5;
(2) above-mentioned polyvinyl alcohol solution is heated to 75 ℃, in this solution, drips again, react after 30 minutes by 4 parts of butyraldehyde solution of butyraldehyde weight, obtain the condensation product of a kind of polyvinyl alcohol and aldehyde, this solution is a kind of even, transparent solution, and good flowing properties is stable in air;
(3) with the 0.1N sodium hydroxide solution described condensation product being neutralized to pH again is 7.8, is still a kind of transparent liquid;
(4) in described transparent liquid, add 6.0 part of 100 order water glass, adopt mechanical stirrer that water glass and described liquid mixing is even, obtain a kind of spray coating liquor;
(5) described spray coating liquor is sprayed on the granular potassium primary phosphate with atomizer with pressurized air: obtain described coating potassium dihydrogen phosphate after drying, after the drying, the weight of its coat layer is 21% of this coated fertilizer gross weight.
Taking by weighing 100 gram present embodiments does not wrap up the common potassium primary phosphate of white peony root and puts into 1000 ml waters and carry out solubility test.Meanwhile, take by weighing coating potassium primary phosphate 100 grams of this embodiment of the invention preparation, under the condition of same room temperature, put into 1000 ml waters, be determined at the biphosphate potassium concn in the different time water.The result shows long 13.8 ten thousand times of the common ammonium sulfate of the consoluet time ratio of coating potassium primary phosphate of the present invention.
Embodiment 12
(1) take by weighing 15 weight account polyethylene alcohol, wherein n=820 is dissolved in polyvinyl alcohol in 40 weight parts waters under stirring at room lentamente, treat that whole polyvinyl alcohol have dissolved after, drip 0.1N hydrochloric acid again, with the acidity adjustment of this solution to pH=3.5;
(2) above-mentioned polyvinyl alcohol solution is heated to 75 ℃, drip by 8 parts of butyraldehyde solution of butyraldehyde weight in this solution, react after 30 minutes, obtain the condensation product of a kind of polyvinyl alcohol and aldehyde: this solution is a kind of even, transparent solution, good flowing properties is stable in air;
(3) with the 0.1N sodium hydroxide solution described condensation product being neutralized to pH again is 7.8, is still a kind of transparent liquid;
(4) in described transparent liquid, add 6.0 part of 100 order water glass, adopt mechanical stirrer that water glass and described liquid mixing is even, obtain a kind of spray coating liquor;
(5) adopt pressurized air with atomizer described spray coating liquor to be sprayed on the granular urea, obtain described coating urea fertilizer after drying, after the drying, the weight of its coat layer is 23% of this coated fertilizer gross weight.
Taking by weighing 100 common ureas that do not wrap up of gram present embodiments puts into 1000 ml waters and carries out solubility test.Meanwhile, take by weighing coating urea 100 grams of this embodiment of the invention preparation, under the condition of same room temperature, put into 1000 ml waters, be determined at the urea concentration in the different time water.The result shows long 13.82 ten thousand times of the consoluet time ratio common urea of coating urea of the present invention.
Show that through field test compare with common urea, coating urea of the present invention can increase production vegetables 26%.
Embodiment 13
(1) take by weighing 15 weight account polyethylene alcohol, wherein n=1120 is dissolved in polyvinyl alcohol in 40 weight parts waters under stirring at room lentamente, treat that whole polyvinyl alcohol have dissolved after, drip 0.1N hydrochloric acid again, with the acidity adjustment of this solution to Ph=3.5;
(2) above-mentioned polyvinyl alcohol solution is heated to 80 ℃, drip by 12 parts of butyraldehyde solution of butyraldehyde weight in this solution, react after 30 minutes, obtain the condensation product of a kind of polyvinyl alcohol and aldehyde: this solution is a kind of even, transparent solution, good flowing properties is stable in air;
(3) with the 0.1N sodium hydroxide solution described condensation product being neutralized to pH again is 7.8, is still a kind of transparent liquid;
(4) in described transparent liquid, add 6.0 part of 100 order clay, adopt mechanical stirrer that clay and described liquid mixing are evenly obtained a kind of spray coating liquor;
(5) adopt pressurized air with atomizer described spray coating liquor to be sprayed on the granular urea, obtain described coating urea fertilizer after drying, after the drying, the weight of its coat layer is 6% of this coated fertilizer gross weight.
The common ureas that take by weighing 100 gram present embodiments end parcels are put into 1000 ml waters and are carried out solubility test.Meanwhile, take by weighing coating urea 100 grams of this embodiment of the invention preparation, under the condition of same room temperature, put into 1000 ml waters, be determined at the urea concentration in the different time water.The result shows long 13.85 times of the common ammonium sulfate of the consoluet time ratio of coating urea of the present invention.
Show that through field test compare with common urea, coating urea of the present invention can increase production apple 28%.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of coated fertilizer is characterized in that this fertilizer is examined by fertilizer and its coat layer is formed; Described fertilizer is chemical fertilizer, middle amount nutritive element fertilizer and micronutrient fertiliser; Described coating comprises following compound: the mixing cpd of polyvinyl alcohol, aldehyde and water insoluble supplement, the weight of described coat layer are 1～30% of this coated fertilizer total amount.
2, coated fertilizer according to claim 1, the weight that it is characterized in that described coat layer are 1～30% of this coated fertilizer gross weights.
3, coated fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that described coat layer contains water-fast filler.
4, coated fertilizer according to claim 3, the weight that it is characterized in that water-fast filler are 5～30% of described coat layer gross weights.
5, coated fertilizer according to claim 4, the weight that it is characterized in that water-fast filler are 5～20% of described coat layer gross weights.
6, coated fertilizer according to claim 3 is characterized in that water-fast filler is one or more materials that are selected from by in talcum powder, clay, diatomite, sand, metal silicate, lime carbonate, polyethylene, EVA, sulphur, metal oxide, the pitch.
7, coated fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that described chemical fertilizer is one or more compounds that are selected from urea, ammonium nitrate, bicarbonate of ammonia, ammonium chloride, ammonium phosphate, composite fertilizer, compound fertilizer, nitrocalcite, potassiumphosphate, vitriolate of tartar, Repone K or the saltpetre.
8, coated fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that described middle amount nutritive element fertilizer is one or more fertilizer that are selected from calcareous fertilisers, fertiliser containing magnesium or the sulfur fertilizer.
9, coated fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that described micronutrient fertiliser is one or more fertilizer that are selected from boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, molydbenum fertilizer, door manganese fertilizer, copper fertilizer or the iron fertilizer.
10,, it is characterized in that this method comprises the steps: according to the described coated fertilizer of claim 1～9
(1) weighing polyvinyl alcohol, wherein 500＜n＜1200 are dissolved in the water polyvinyl alcohol under stirring at room lentamente, add acid regulate its solution＜1＜ph＜3.5, described acid can be sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, the acid of nitric acid mineral acid.
(2) above-mentioned polyvinyl alcohol solution is heated to 50-80 ℃, in this solution, drip additive aldehyde solution again, obtain the condensation product of a kind of polyvinyl alcohol and aldehyde, described aldehyde is any aldehyde that is selected from formaldehyde, acetaldehyde or the propionic aldehyde, and the weight ratio of described polyvinyl alcohol and described aldehyde is 15: 1-12;
(3) with alkaline solution described condensation product being neutralized to PH again is 6-8, obtains a kind of transparent liquid that gets;
(4) add water-fast granulated filler in the described transparent liquid of this case, obtain a kind of spray coating liquor, the weight of water-fast filler is the 5-30% of the coat layer gross weight of dry coating fertilizer.
(5) described spray coating liquor is sprayed at granular chemical fertilizer, on middle amount nutritive element fertilizer or the trace element fertilizer, obtains described coated fertilizer after drying, after the drying, the weight of its coat layer is the 5-30% of this coated fertilizer gross weight.
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| CN 03111727 CN1257135C (en) | 2003-01-16 | 2003-01-16 | Coated fertilizer and its preparation method |
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| CN 03111727 CN1257135C (en) | 2003-01-16 | 2003-01-16 | Coated fertilizer and its preparation method |
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| CN1431177A true CN1431177A (en) | 2003-07-23 |
| CN1257135C CN1257135C (en) | 2006-05-24 |
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| CN100384789C (en) * | 2006-10-19 | 2008-04-30 | 刘俊松 | Control release composite fertilizer special for cotton and its preparation method |
| CN100384788C (en) * | 2006-10-19 | 2008-04-30 | 刘俊松 | Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium high content controlled release composite fertilizer special for cotton and its preparation method |
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| CN102417426A (en) * | 2011-08-15 | 2012-04-18 | 山东金山化肥有限公司 | Production method of spraying sulfoacid resin type sustained and controlled-release fertilizer |
| CN102432403A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-05-02 | 瓮福（集团）有限责任公司 | Coating fertilizer special for soybean and preparation method for coating fertilizer |
| CN102731199A (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2012-10-17 | 苏州安德鲁尹生物技术咨询有限公司 | Particulate sustained-release calcium fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN100384789C (en) * | 2006-10-19 | 2008-04-30 | 刘俊松 | Control release composite fertilizer special for cotton and its preparation method |
| CN100384788C (en) * | 2006-10-19 | 2008-04-30 | 刘俊松 | Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium high content controlled release composite fertilizer special for cotton and its preparation method |
| CN100469740C (en) * | 2007-04-17 | 2009-03-18 | 刘俊松 | Special release control composite fertilizer for cole and preparation method thereof |
| CN102417426A (en) * | 2011-08-15 | 2012-04-18 | 山东金山化肥有限公司 | Production method of spraying sulfoacid resin type sustained and controlled-release fertilizer |
| CN102432403B (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2013-07-17 | 瓮福（集团）有限责任公司 | Coating fertilizer special for soybean and preparation method for coating fertilizer |
| CN102432403A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-05-02 | 瓮福（集团）有限责任公司 | Coating fertilizer special for soybean and preparation method for coating fertilizer |
| CN102731199A (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2012-10-17 | 苏州安德鲁尹生物技术咨询有限公司 | Particulate sustained-release calcium fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN102731199B (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2014-08-27 | 苏州安德鲁尹生物技术咨询有限公司 | Particulate sustained-release calcium fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104355695A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-02-18 | 武汉赛润科技有限公司 | Organic fertilizer |
| CN105085042A (en) * | 2015-08-17 | 2015-11-25 | 李志山 | Litchi controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN105418176A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-03-23 | 中林山水（北京）生态科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of organic fertilizer through dry type high temperature anaerobic fermentation |
| CN105660093A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-06-15 | 广西鑫华农业科技股份有限公司 | Ginger high-quality high-yield plantation method |
| CN106220358A (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2016-12-14 | 苏州灵垦农业科技有限公司 | A kind of Semen Tritici aestivi coated fertilizer and preparation technology thereof |
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