CN1657512A - Release controlled coated fertilizer and its composition and preparation method - Google Patents
Release controlled coated fertilizer and its composition and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1657512A CN1657512A CN 200510042081 CN200510042081A CN1657512A CN 1657512 A CN1657512 A CN 1657512A CN 200510042081 CN200510042081 CN 200510042081 CN 200510042081 A CN200510042081 A CN 200510042081A CN 1657512 A CN1657512 A CN 1657512A
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Abstract
A release-controlled coated fertilizer is composed of fertilizer core and the coated layer which consisting of thermofused sulfur layer, sealing layer made of thermofused polyvinyl wax, and elastic thermofused polyethene layer. Its preparing process is also disclosed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to can the sustained release fertilizer efficiency fertilizer, particularly individual layer, two layers or more multi-layered film-coated controlled release fertilizer and combination and preparation method.
Background technology
Developed many coatings or coated fertilizer in recent years, promptly granular fertilizer has been coated or coating, controlled the slow stripping of these fertilizer, reached the effect that improves utilization rate of fertilizer with organic materials or inorganic materials.
For example, a kind of is that this fertilizer coating consumption is less with polyolefin resin or polyvinyl dichloride-ethylene copolymer coating particles fertilizer, and than being easier to regulate dissolution rate, but these macromolecular materials are difficult to decompose, and may cause adverse influence to environment.SU1784616 discloses a kind of coating mineral manure particulate mixture, and mixture contains polyvinyl alcohol, methacrylic acid enzyme, sapropel and water.CS8601153 discloses the chemical fertilizer with halogen-formaldehyde condensation products modified polyethylene alcohol coating.ZL87104992,92101724.3, ZL97193310.3 technology are also arranged in the Chinese patent, but all there are some unsurmountable defectives in these prior aries aspect processing and the production cost, such as, 87104992 is main film forming matter with pitch, the thickness of film is too big, the release of unfavorable fertilizer efficiency; Then need spray cakingagent repeatedly 92101724.3 number apply for disclosed technology, sticking repeatedly sulphur powder, technology is loaded down with trivial details, the cost height.All there are some unsurmountable defectives in above-mentioned these technology aspect processing cost and the mould material.And these mould materials are not the crop desired nutritionals, in soil, be difficult for decomposing, and all refuse concerning crop.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides and a kind ofly can overcome to several that above-mentioned film thickness is excessive, technology is loaded down with trivial details, defectives such as cost height have controlled-release function preferably again, can control fertilizer of fertilizer release rate and preparation method thereof.
The present invention realizes by following technical proposals:
A kind of release and release control fertilizer, comprise fertilizer nuclear with and coat composed coating layer, be characterised in that said coating layer is sulphur film A: be coated on the surface of fertilizer nuclear behind the melted sulfur with device for coating, coating layer weight is the 10-40% of by weight of fertilizer;
The preparation method of this release and release control fertilizer is A ': take by weighing sulphur, be heated to 130-165 ℃, obtain a kind of spray coating liquor, pressurization is sprayed at granular fertilizer surface, forms one deck coating of different thickness, and the weight of coating layer is the 10-40% of this by weight of fertilizer.
A kind of release and release control fertilizer, comprise fertilizer nuclear with and coat composed coating layer B, be characterised in that said coating layer is sealing membrane B: it consists of polyethylene wax, beeswax, gum arabic, rubber etc., and coating layer weight is the 0.2-3% of by weight of fertilizer;
The preparation method of this release and release control fertilizer is B ': heating polyethylene wax or other glue, wax, be coated on the surface that fertilizer is examined with device for coating behind the hot melt, and form one deck coating, the weight of coating layer is the 0.2-3% of this by weight of fertilizer.
A kind of release and release control fertilizer, comprise fertilizer nuclear with and coat composed coating layer, be characterised in that said coating layer is elastica C: hot-melt polyethylene, benzene, dimethylbenzene, turps, Resins, epoxy, polystyrene etc. or its mixture, be coated on the surface of fertilizer nuclear with device for coating, form one deck coating, coating layer weight is the 0.2-6% of by weight of fertilizer;
The preparation method of this release and release control fertilizer is, C ': heating polyethylene, benzene, dimethylbenzene, turps, Resins, epoxy, polystyrene etc. or its mixture are to being melt into liquid, be applied to fertilizer nuclear surface with device for coating, form one deck coating, the weight of coating layer is the 0.2-6% of this by weight of fertilizer.
A kind of release and release control fertilizer, comprise fertilizer nuclear with and coat composed coating layer, the array mode that is characterised in that its coating layer is A+B+C:
(1), the first layer coating layer sulphur film A: be coated on the surface of fertilizer nuclear behind the melted sulfur with device for coating, coating layer weight is the 10-40% of by weight of fertilizer;
(2), second layer coating layer sealing membrane B: it consists of polyethylene wax, beeswax, gum arabic, rubber etc., and coating layer weight is the 0.2-3% of by weight of fertilizer;
(3), the 3rd layer of coating layer elastica C: hot-melt polyethylene, benzene, dimethylbenzene, turps, talcum powder, Resins, epoxy, polystyrene etc. or its mixture, be heated to and become liquid, be applied to fertilizer nuclear surface with device for coating, coating layer weight is the 0.2-6% of by weight of fertilizer.
The preparation method of this release and release control fertilizer comprises the step of following array mode: A '+B '+C ':
(1) A ' takes by weighing sulphur, is heated to 130-165 ℃, obtains a kind of spray coating liquor, and pressurization is sprayed at granular fertilizer surface, forms the coating of the first layer different thickness, and the weight of coating layer is the 10-40% of this by weight of fertilizer;
(2) B ' is with the above-mentioned fertilizer spray melted polyethylene wax that has wrapped a skim or other glue, wax, to seal the aperture on first tunic; After the drying, the weight of sealing membrane accounts for the 0.2-3% of by weight of fertilizer;
(3) C ' is above-mentioned fertilizer spray hot-melt polyethylene, benzene, dimethylbenzene, turps, polystyrene or its two kinds and the multiple mixed solution that has wrapped two membranes, or applies Resins, epoxy, forms the elastica that one deck shields; After the drying, the weight of layers of elastomeric film accounts for the 0.2-6% of by weight of fertilizer.
A kind of release and release control fertilizer, comprise fertilizer nuclear with and the coating layer formed of two layers of coatings, feature is that its composition comprises following coating layer array mode: A+B or A+C or B+C.
The preparation method of aforesaid release and release control fertilizer, feature are the combination that may further comprise the steps: A '+B ' or A '+C ' or B '+C '.
Specific descriptions are:
A kind of release and release control fertilizer, comprise fertilizer nuclear with and the coating layer formed of two layers of coatings, array mode is A+B:
(1), the first layer coating layer sulphur film A: be coated on the surface of fertilizer nuclear behind the melted sulfur with device for coating, coating layer weight is the 10-40% of by weight of fertilizer;
(2), second layer coating layer sealing membrane B: it consists of polyethylene wax, beeswax, gum arabic, rubber etc., and coating layer weight is the 0.2-3% of by weight of fertilizer.
The preparation method of this release and release control fertilizer, the combination that may further comprise the steps: A '+B ':
(1) A ': take by weighing sulphur, be heated to 130-165 ℃, obtain a kind of spray coating liquor, pressurization is sprayed at granular fertilizer surface, forms the coating of the first layer different thickness, and the weight of coating layer is the 10-40% of this by weight of fertilizer;
(2) B ': with the above-mentioned fertilizer spray melted polyethylene wax that has wrapped a skim or other glue, wax, to seal the aperture on first tunic; After the drying, the weight of sealing membrane accounts for the 0.2-3% of by weight of fertilizer.
A kind of release and release control fertilizer, comprise fertilizer nuclear with and the coating layer formed of two layers of coatings, array mode is A+C:
(1), the first layer coating layer sulphur film A: be coated on the surface of fertilizer nuclear behind the melted sulfur with device for coating, coating layer weight is the 10-40% of by weight of fertilizer;
(2), second layer coating layer elastica C: hot-melt polyethylene, benzene, dimethylbenzene, turps, Resins, epoxy, polystyrene etc. or its mixture, be heated to and become liquid, be applied to fertilizer nuclear surface with device for coating, coating layer weight is the 0.2-6% of by weight of fertilizer.
The preparation method of this release and release control fertilizer, the combination that may further comprise the steps: A '+C ':
(1) A ' takes by weighing sulphur, is heated to 130-165 ℃, obtains a kind of spray coating liquor, and pressurization is sprayed at granular fertilizer surface, forms the coating of the first layer different thickness, and the weight of coating layer is the 10-40% of this by weight of fertilizer;
(2) C ' is above-mentioned fertilizer spray hot-melt polyethylene, benzene, dimethylbenzene, turps, polystyrene or its two kinds and the multiple mixed solution that has wrapped a skim, or applies Resins, epoxy, forms the elastica that one deck shields; After the drying, the weight of layers of elastomeric film accounts for the 0.2-6% of by weight of fertilizer.
A kind of release and release control fertilizer, comprise fertilizer nuclear with and the coating layer formed of two layers of coatings, array mode is B+C:
(1), the first layer coating layer sealing membrane B: it consists of polyethylene wax, beeswax, gum arabic, rubber etc., and coating layer weight is the 0.2-3% of by weight of fertilizer;
(2), second layer coating layer elastica C: hot-melt polyethylene, dimethylbenzene, turps, Resins, epoxy, polystyrene etc. or its mixture, be heated to and become liquid, be applied to core surfaces with device for coating, coating layer weight is the 0.2-6% of by weight of fertilizer.
The preparation method of this release and release control fertilizer, the combination that may further comprise the steps: B '+C ':
(1), B ' heating polyethylene wax or other glue, wax, be coated on the surface of fertilizer nuclear behind the hot melt with device for coating, form one deck coating, after the drying, the weight of sealed packet rete is the 0.2-3% of this by weight of fertilizer;
(2), C ' heating polyethylene, benzene, dimethylbenzene, turps, polystyrene etc. or its mixture be to being melt into liquid, is applied to fertilizer nuclear surface with device for coating, formation one deck coating, the weight of coating layer is the 0.2-6% of this by weight of fertilizer.
The release and release control fertilizer that contains elastica as mentioned above, described layers of elastomeric film contains water-fast filler.
This release and release control fertilizer, the weight of water insoluble filler are the 1-20% of described elastic layer weight.
This release and release control fertilizer, water-fast filler are one or more materials that are selected from talcum powder, clay, diatomite, sand, metal silicate, lime carbonate, the metal oxide.
This release and release control fertilizer, best results be A+B+C combination, cost is also high slightly than other several array modes certainly, the user can freely be scheduled to the menu of various array modes as required.
Describe film-coated controlled release fertilizer of the present invention and combination and preparation method below in detail.
In the present invention, can be known any inorganic and organic fertilizer particle, as the fertilizer nuclear of release and release control fertilizer as the fertilizer of release and release control fertilizer; Described device for coating can be any device for coating.
First kind of release and release control fertilizer (band A film): sulphur is a kind of yellow solid matter, does not dissolve in water, can be changed into liquid after heating, can form a kind of water-fast film on the fertiliser granulates surface after the sprinkling.The main component of sulphur is a sulphur, and it is the essential moderate-element of crop, and easily degraded is easily absorbed by crop.The contriver finds through a large amount of tests back that when invention controlled release coated fertilizer it is relatively more suitable that sulphur is used for fertilizer coating.
Second kind of release and release control fertilizer (band B film): melted polyethylene wax or other glue, wax are coated in fertilizer nuclear surface, seal, and make moisture be difficult for entering fast, help keeping fertilizer efficiency, reach the controlled release purpose.
The third release and release control fertilizer (band C film): this layer elastica that with the hot-melt polyethylene is representative can play a protective role to fertilizer nuclear, is easier to control the release rate of fertilizer, and be anti-oxidant; anti-aging, be suitable for transportation, be difficult for breaking; but the price comparison height can increase the cost of release and release control fertilizer.
Because therefore the fertile each have their own shortcoming of these several unitary film controlled releases, combines them in a different manner, will produce beyond thought effect.A, B, C film can have multiple array mode, are exactly that sulphur film A will be at the first layer near fertilizer nuclear but a principle is arranged, and the C film is at outermost layer.
The 4th kind of release and release control fertilizer (A+B+C): combine the advantage of aforementioned several release and release control fertilizers, and shortcoming has separately been avoided in their combination.If only use sulfur coating, then coating layer is easily crisp, easily decomposes in soil, is unfavorable for controlling the release rate of fertilizer; The first layer sulphur film has many micropores, added second layer sealing membrane after, this tunic is coated in sulphur film surface, moisture is difficult for entering fast, helps keeping fertilizer efficiency, reaches the controlled release purpose; The 3rd layer of elastica that with the hot-melt polyethylene is representative can prevent that then the sulphur film from breaking fast; the sulphur film is played a protective role, be easier to control the release rate of fertilizer, anti-oxidant; anti-aging; be suitable for transportation, be difficult for breaking, but its shortcoming be the price comparison height; can increase the cost of release and release control fertilizer; cooperate coating then to maximize favourable factors and minimize unfavourable ones with sulphur, both reduced the coating cost, also help controlling the fertilizer release rate.
The 5th kind of release and release control fertilizer (A+B): combine the advantage of aforementioned first and second kind release and release control fertilizer, existing sulphur layer has the sealing ply of protecting the sulphur layer again, can reach the controlled release purpose well.
The 6th kind of release and release control fertilizer (A+C): combine the advantage of aforementioned first and third kind of release and release control fertilizer, existing sulphur layer has the elastic layer that shields again, can reach the controlled release purpose well, and control fertilizer has slower release rate.
The 7th kind of release and release control fertilizer (B+C): combine the advantage of aforementioned second and third kind release and release control fertilizer, existing sealing ply has the elastic layer that shields again, can reach the controlled release purpose well, and control fertilizer has slower release rate.
In the elastica of the coating layer of release and release control fertilizer of the present invention, also contain and be insoluble in water or water-fast filler.Insoluble filler can be selected from one or more materials in talcum powder, silicon-dioxide (sand), aluminium sesquioxide, titanium dioxide (titanium dioxide), clay, diatomite, metal silicate, lime carbonate, the metal oxide etc.
Any equipment that can adopt the preparation release and release control fertilizer to use carries out each layer coating.
Release and release control fertilizer of the present invention has following positively effect:
1, can adjust coating layer thickness and fertilizer release rate easily, the content that just changes water-fast filler in kind, part by weight and the elastic layer of coated fertilizer just can arbitrarily change the release rate of fertilizer.Release rate is defined as fertilizer meltage in the unit weight fertilizer unit time.With urea is example, and release rate can be 10
-1Grams Per Second-10
-6Grams Per Second because the release rate difference can satisfy the different requirements in different growing stages of various crops, not only can improve utilization rate of fertilizer, and compare with common urea, and the urea utilization ratio can improve 50%.
2, directly use coating behind the sulphur hot melt, both played controlled-release function, can kill two birds with one stone as the nutrition of crop again; Most compositions are sulphur in the sulfur coating layer, and it is the crop moderate-element, easily degraded, and easily absorbed by crop.
3, use release and release control fertilizer of the present invention can increase crop yield significantly, compare, can increase production corn 20%, wheat 25%, paddy rice 25%, cotton 20%, vegetables 25% with common urea.
4, the polymeric coating material of existing coated fertilizer may cause certain pollution to soil and environment because of being not easy to decompose, but coated fertilizer of the present invention does not pollute soil and environment, coated fertilizer prices such as sulphur are low, and degradable, absorbed by crop, both sterilizations, insect protected can be served as crop alimentary again.Use behind the waste and old material hot melt of some material of elastica as employing polyethylene, polystyrene etc., can also reduce cost environment purification.
5, the various combination mode of each coating layer is remedied the shortcoming of various coating layers, maximizes favourable factors and minimizes unfavourable ones, and obtains outstanding unexpectedly effect.
6, release and release control fertilizer of the present invention significantly reduces than the production cost of existing release and release control fertilizer.And manufacturer can adopt different array modes respectively according to customer requirement, produces the release and release control fertilizer of different controlled release speed and different costs, fully satisfies user's needs.
Embodiment
Below will the invention will be further described by embodiment.
Embodiment 1: unitary film
Take by weighing 36 parts of granular urea fertilizers and do core, take by weighing 4 parts of sulphur, be heated to 150 ℃, slowly fusing, after treating all to be fused into liquid (being spray coating liquor), adopt pressurized air described spray coating liquor to be sprayed on the granular urea, obtain film coated urea fertilizer with atomizer; After the drying, the weight of its coating layer is 10% of this coated fertilizer gross weight.
Embodiment 2: unitary film
Take by weighing 60 parts of composite fertilizers and do core, take by weighing 40 parts of sulphur, be heated to 165 ℃, slowly fusing after treating all to be fused into liquid, adopts pressurized air with atomizer described spray coating liquor to be sprayed on the particulate state fertilizer, obtains one deck coated compound fertilizer material; After the drying, the weight of its coating layer is 40% of this coated fertilizer gross weight.
Embodiment 3: unitary film
Take by weighing 28 parts of diammonium phosphate and do core, take by weighing 7 parts of sulphur, be heated to 130 ℃, slowly fusing after treating all to be fused into liquid, adopts pressurized air with atomizer described spray coating liquor to be sprayed on the granular urea, obtains film coated urea fertilizer; After the drying, the weight of its coating layer is 20% of this coated fertilizer gross weight.
Effect: take by weighing 100 gram present embodiments not the common urea of coating put into 1000 ml waters and carry out solubility test.Meanwhile, take by weighing coated carbamide 100 grams of this embodiment of the invention preparation, under the condition of same room temperature, put into 1000 ml waters, the urea concentration of water behind the mensuration different time.The result shows long 2.9 ten thousand times of the time ratio common urea that coated carbamide of the present invention dissolved fully.
Show that through field test compare with common urea, coated carbamide of the present invention can increase production wheat 15%.
Embodiment 4: unitary film
Take by weighing 15 parts of particulate state compoiste fertilizers and do core, take by weighing 0.3 part of polyethylene wax and be sprayed on the fertilizer top layer, obtain the coating organic composite fertilizer; After the drying, the weight of its coating layer (sealing ply) is 1.3% of this coated fertilizer gross weight.
Embodiment 5: unitary film
Take by weighing 20 parts of particulate state phosphoric acid two ammoniums and do core, take by weighing 0.04 part of beeswax and be sprayed on the fertilizer top layer, obtain coated fertilizer; After the drying, the weight of its coating layer (sealing ply) is 0.2% of this coated fertilizer gross weight.
Embodiment 6: unitary film
Take by weighing 20 parts of urea fertilizers and do core, take by weighing 0.61 part of gum arabic and be sprayed on the fertilizer top layer, obtain film coated urea fertilizer; After the drying, the weight of its coating layer (sealing ply) is 3% of this coated fertilizer gross weight.
Effect: take by weighing 100 and restrain not the common diammonium phosphate of coating and put into 1000 ml waters and carry out solubility test.Meanwhile, take by weighing coating diammonium phosphate 100 grams of present embodiment preparation of the present invention, put into 1000 ml waters, be determined at the diammonium phosphate concentration in the different time water at same room temperature condition.The result shows long 50,000 times of the common diammonium phosphate of time ratio that coating diammonium phosphate of the present invention dissolved fully.
Embodiment 7: unitary film
Take by weighing 1.28 parts of polyethylene, dimethylbenzene, talcum powder (1: 1: 0.2), be heated to 150 ℃, form mixed solution; 20 parts of urea fertilizer particles are sprayed mixed solution, form elastica; After the drying, layers of elastomeric film weight accounts for 6% of by weight of fertilizer; The talcum powder granularity is 100 orders.
Embodiment 8: unitary film
Take by weighing 50 parts of nitrophosphate fertilizer particles as core, get 0.1 part of polyethylene, turps, diatomite (1: 1: 0.4), be heated to 150 ℃, form mixed solution; 20 parts of urea fertilizer particles are sprayed mixed solution, form elastica; After the drying, layers of elastomeric film weight accounts for 0.2% of by weight of fertilizer; The talcum powder granularity is 80 orders.
Embodiment 9: unitary film
Take by weighing 30 parts of kalium nitrate fertilizer particles as core, fertiliser granulates is sprayed 1 part of Resins, epoxy, make the fertiliser granulates surface form elastica; After the drying, the weight of layers of elastomeric film accounts for 3.2% of fertilizer nuclear weight.
Effect: take by weighing 100 and restrain not the common saltpetre of coating and put into 1000 ml waters and carry out solubility test.Meanwhile, take by weighing coating saltpetre 100 grams of present embodiment preparation, put into 1000 ml waters under the condition of same room temperature, be determined at the saltpetre concentration in the different time water, the result shows long 60,000 times of the common saltpetre of time ratio that coating saltpetre of the present invention dissolved fully.Show that through field test compare with common saltpetre, coating saltpetre of the present invention can increase production apple 30%.
Embodiment 10: trilamellar membrane
(1) takes by weighing 23 parts of granular urea fertilizers and do core, take by weighing 5 parts of sulphur, be heated to 130 ℃, slowly fusing, after treating all to be fused into liquid, adopt pressurized air described spray coating liquor to be sprayed on the granular urea, obtain described the first layer film coated urea fertilizer with atomizer; After the drying, the weight of its coating layer is 17.9% of this coated fertilizer gross weight;
(2) take by weighing 0.1 part of polyethylene wax and be sprayed on the fertilizer top layer, obtain second layer film coated urea fertilizer, after the drying, the weight of its second coating layer (sealing ply) is 0.36% of this coated fertilizer gross weight;
(3) take by weighing 0.1 part of dimethylbenzene, polystyrene, titanium dioxide (1: 1: 0.1), be heated to 165 ℃, form mixed solution; The above-mentioned urea fertilizer particle that has wrapped two membranes is sprayed mixed solution, form elastica; After the drying, the weight of layers of elastomeric film accounts for 0.35% of fertilizer nuclear weight.
The weight of coating layer is 18.61% of this release and release control fertilizer gross weight.
Effect: take by weighing 100 gram present embodiments not the common urea of coating put into 1000 ml waters and carry out solubility test.Meanwhile, take by weighing three layers of coated carbamide, 100 grams of this embodiment of the invention preparation, under the condition of same room temperature, put into 1000 ml waters, the urea concentration of water behind the mensuration different time.The result shows long 200,000 times of the time ratio common urea that three layers of coated carbamide of the present invention have dissolved fully.
Show that through field test compare with common urea, film coated urea fertilizer of the present invention can increase production wheat 25%.
Embodiment 11: trilamellar membrane
(1) take by weighing 66 parts of composite fertilizers and do core, take by weighing 20 parts of sulphur, be heated to 165 ℃, slowly fusing, treat all to be fused into liquid (being spray coating liquor) after, adopt pressurized air spray coating liquor to be sprayed in the granular composite fertilizer with atomizer, obtain the first layer coated fertilizer; After the drying, the weight of its coating layer is 23.3% of this coated compound fertilizer material gross weight;
(2) take by weighing the compound manure top layer that 0.18 part of beeswax is sprayed on bag sulphur film again, after the drying, the weight of its second coating layer (sealing membrane) is 0.2% of this coated fertilizer gross weight;
(3) take by weighing 5.5 parts of polyethylene, dimethylbenzene, talcum powder (1: 1: 0.5), be heated to 145 ℃, form mixed solution.The above-mentioned compound fertilizer granule that has wrapped two membranes is sprayed mixed solution, form elastica; After the drying, the weight of layers of elastomeric film accounts for 6% of fertilizer nuclear weight; The talcum powder granularity is 120 orders.
The weight of coating layer is 29.5% of this release and release control fertilizer gross weight.
Effect: take by weighing 100 gram present embodiments not the common composite fertilizer of coating put into 1000 ml waters and carry out solubility test.Meanwhile, take by weighing three layers of coated compound fertilizer, 100 grams of this examples preparation of the present invention, put into 1000 ml waters, be determined at the composite fertilizer's concentration in the different time water in the condition one of same room temperature.The result shows 250,000 times of the common composite fertilizer head of time ratio that coated compound fertilizer of the present invention dissolved fully.
Show through field test, compare that three layers of coated compound fertilizer material of the present invention can increase production paddy rice 25% with common composite fertilizer.
Embodiment 12: trilamellar membrane
(1) takes by weighing 60 parts of diammonium phosphate and do core.Take by weighing 40 parts of sulphur, heat 155 ℃, slowly fusing, treat all to be fused into liquid (being spray coating liquor) after, adopt pressurized air spray coating liquor to be sprayed on the granular diammonium phosphate with atomizer, obtain the first layer coating diammonium phosphate fertilizer; After the drying, the weight of its coating layer is 40% of this coating diammonium phosphate fertilizer gross weight;
(2) take by weighing 3.1 parts of styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR) liquid again and be sprayed on bag sulphur film diammonium phosphate fertilizer top layer, after the drying, the weight of its second coating layer (sealing membrane) is 3% of this coated fertilizer gross weight.
(3) take by weighing 0.21 part of benzene, dimethylbenzene, sand (1: 1: 0.5), be heated to 165 ℃, form mixed solution.The above-mentioned diammonium phosphate fertilizer particle that has wrapped two membranes is sprayed mixed solution, form elastica; After the drying, the weight of layers of elastomeric film accounts for 0.2% of coating diammonium phosphate fertilizer weight; The granularity of sand is 150 orders.
The weight of coating layer is 43.2% of this release and release control fertilizer gross weight.
Effect: take by weighing 100 and restrain not the common diammonium phosphate of coating and put into 1000 ml waters and carry out solubility test.Meanwhile, take by weighing coating diammonium phosphate 100 grams of present embodiment preparation of the present invention, put into 1000 ml waters, be determined at the diammonium phosphate concentration in the different time water at same room temperature condition.The result shows long 150,000 times of the common diammonium phosphate of time ratio that coating diammonium phosphate of the present invention dissolved fully.
Show through field test, compare that three layers of coating diammonium phosphate fertilizer of the present invention can increase production cotton 25% with common diammonium phosphate.
Embodiment 13: trilamellar membrane
(1) takes by weighing 65 parts of saltpetre and do core.Take by weighing 35 parts of sulphur, heat 145 ℃, slowly fusing, treat all to be fused into liquid (being spray coating liquor) after, adopt pressurized air spray coating liquor to be sprayed on the granular saltpetre with atomizer, obtain the first layer coating saltpetre fertilizer; After the drying, the weight of its coating layer is 35% of this coated fertilizer gross weight;
(2) take by weighing 0.1 part of gum arabic again and be sprayed on bag sulphur film saltpetre fertilizer top layer, after the drying, the weight of its second coating layer (sealing ply) is 0.1% of this coated fertilizer gross weight;
(3) take by weighing 1.1 parts of benzene, polystyrene, clay powder (1: 1: 0.4) and be heated to 150 ℃, form mixed solution.The above-mentioned saltpetre fertilizer particle that has wrapped two membranes is sprayed mixed solution, form elastica; After the drying, the weight of layers of elastomeric film accounts for 1.1% of fertilizer nuclear weight; Clay powder degree is 100 orders.
The weight of coating layer is 36.2% of this trilamellar membrane saltpetre fertilizer gross weight.
Effect: take by weighing 100 and restrain not the common saltpetre of coating and put into 1000 ml waters and carry out solubility test.Meanwhile, take by weighing coating saltpetre 100 grams of this examples preparation of the present invention, put into 1000 ml waters under the condition of same room temperature, be determined at the saltpetre concentration in the different time water, the result shows long 160,000 times of the common saltpetre of time ratio that coating saltpetre of the present invention dissolved fully.Show through field test, compare that three layers of coating saltpetre fertilizer of the present invention can increase production apple 15% with common saltpetre.
Embodiment 14: trilamellar membrane
(1) takes by weighing 80 parts of nitrophosphate fertilizer material and do core.Take by weighing 20 parts of sulphur, heat 150 ℃, slowly fusing, treat all to be fused into liquid (being spray coating liquor) after, adopt pressurized air spray coating liquor to be sprayed on the granular nitrophosphate fertilizer with atomizer, obtain the first layer coating nitrophosphate fertilizer material; After the drying, the weight of its coating layer is 20% of this coated fertilizer gross weight;
(2) take by weighing the nitrophosphate fertilizer material top layer that 2.1 parts of paraffin are sprayed on bag sulphur film again, after the drying, the weight of its second coating layer (sealing ply) is 2.1% of this coating nitrophosphate fertilizer material gross weight;
(3) took by weighing 6.5 parts of polyethylene, dimethylbenzene, polystyrene, talcum powder (1: 1: 1: 0.5), be heated to 150 ℃, form mixed solution.The above-mentioned nitrophosphate fertilizer material particle that has wrapped two membranes is sprayed mixed solution, form elastica; After the drying, the weight of layers of elastomeric film accounts for 6% of fertilizer nuclear weight; The talcum powder granularity is 150 orders.
The weight of coating layer is 28.1% of this release and release control fertilizer gross weight.
Effect: take by weighing 100 and restrain not the common nitrophosphate fertilizer of coating and put into 1000 ml waters and carry out solubility test.Meanwhile, take by weighing coating nitrophosphate fertilizer 100 grams of this examples preparation of the present invention, under the condition of same room temperature, put into 1000 ml waters, be determined at the nitrophosphate fertilizer concentration in the different time water, the result shows long 180,000 times of the common nitrophosphate fertilizer of time ratio that coating nitrophosphate fertilizer of the present invention dissolved fully.
Show through field test, compare that three layers of coating nitrophosphate fertilizer material of the present invention can increase production corn 25% with common nitrophosphate fertilizer.
15: two tunics of embodiment
(1), the first layer: be coated on the surface of 40 parts of granular urea fertilizer nuclears behind 10 parts of sulphur of hot melt (140 ℃) with device for coating, coating layer weight is 20% of by weight of fertilizer;
(2), second layer coating layer elastica: 3.2 parts of polyethylene of hot melt, dimethylbenzene (1: 1) back and diatomite (0.3) mix, and are applied to fertilizer nuclear surface with device for coating, and coating layer weight is 6% of by weight of fertilizer.
The weight of coating layer is 26% of this trilamellar membrane fertilizer gross weight.
16: two tunics of embodiment
(1), the first layer: be coated on the surface of 60 parts of granular urea fertilizer nuclears behind 40 parts of sulphur of hot melt (130 ℃) with device for coating, coating layer weight is 40% of by weight of fertilizer;
(2), second layer coating layer elastica: 0.2 part of polystyrene of hot melt, dimethylbenzene (1: 1) back and diatomite (0.2) mix, and are applied to fertilizer nuclear surface with device for coating, and coating layer weight is 0.2% of by weight of fertilizer.
The weight of coating layer is 40.2% of this trilamellar membrane fertilizer gross weight.
17: two tunics of embodiment
(1), the first layer: be coated on the surface of 70 parts of particulate state saltpetre fertilizer nuclears behind 30 parts of sulphur of hot melt (155 ℃) with device for coating, coating layer weight is 30% of by weight of fertilizer;
(2), second layer coating layer elastica: behind 2 parts of Resins, epoxy of hot melt, be sprayed on fertilizer nuclear surface, coating layer weight is 2.1% of by weight of fertilizer.
The weight of coating layer is 32.1% of this trilamellar membrane fertilizer gross weight.
18: two tunics of embodiment
(1), the first layer coating layer sealing membrane: heat 0.2 part of polyethylene wax, be coated on the surface of 100 parts of granular urine fertilizers behind the hot melt with device for coating, make fertilizer nuclear surface form one deck coating, after the drying, the weight of sealed packet rete is 0.2% of this by weight of fertilizer;
(2), second layer coating layer elastica: behind 2 parts of polyethylene of hot melt, the dimethylbenzene (1: 1) and 0.2 part of talcum powder mix, be applied to fertilizer nuclear surface with device for coating, coating layer weight is 2.1% of by weight of fertilizer
The weight of coating layer is 2.3% of this two tunics fertilizer gross weight.
19: two tunics of embodiment
(1) take by weighing 3 parts of gum arabics, pressurization is sprayed at 97 parts of granular diammonium phosphate fertilizer surfaces after the fusion, forms the first layer sealing ply coating, and the weight of coating layer is 3% of this by weight of fertilizer;
(2) second layer coating layer elastica: behind 6 parts of polyethylene+turps of hot melt (1: 1) and 0.6 part of talcum powder mix, be applied to fertilizer nuclear surface with device for coating, coating layer weight is 6% of by weight of fertilizer.
The weight of coating layer is 9% of this two tunics fertilizer gross weight.
20: two tunics of embodiment
(1), the first layer coating layer sealing membrane: heat 1.3 parts of beeswaxs, be coated on the surface of 95 parts of particulate state saltpetre fertilizer behind the hot melt with device for coating, make fertilizer nuclear surface form one deck coating, after the drying, the weight of sealed packet rete is 1.35% of this by weight of fertilizer;
(2), second layer coating layer elastica: behind 4 parts of polystyrene of hot melt, the dimethylbenzene (1: 1) and 0.4 part of lime carbonate mix, be applied to fertilizer nuclear surface with device for coating, coating layer weight is 4.4% of by weight of fertilizer.
The weight of coating layer is 5.75% of this two tunics fertilizer gross weight.
21: two tunics of embodiment
(1) get 40 parts of sulphur, be heated to 165 ℃, slowly fusing after treating all to be fused into liquid, adopts pressurized air with atomizer described spray coating liquor to be sprayed on 60 parts of granular urine fertilizers, obtains the first layer coated fertilizer; After the drying, the weight of its coating layer is 40% of this coated fertilizer gross weight;
(2) with above-mentioned 0.2 part of gum arabic of fertilizer spray hot melt that has wrapped a skim, to seal the aperture on first tunic; After the drying, the weight of sealing ply accounts for 0.2% of by weight of fertilizer.
The weight of coating layer is 40.2% of this two tunics fertilizer gross weight.
22: two tunics of embodiment
(1) take by weighing 10 parts of sulphur, be heated to 160 ℃, obtain a kind of spray coating liquor, pressurization is sprayed at 90 parts of granular diammonium phosphate fertilizer surfaces, forms the first layer coating, and the weight of coating layer is 10% of this by weight of fertilizer;
(2) with above-mentioned 3 parts of hot melt beeswaxs of fertilizer spray that wrapped a skim; After the drying, the weight of sealing ply accounts for 3% of by weight of fertilizer.
The weight of coating layer is 13% of this two tunics fertilizer gross weight.
23: two tunics of embodiment
1) take by weighing 25 parts of sulphur, be heated to 150 ℃, obtain a kind of spray coating liquor, pressurization is sprayed at 75 parts of granular ammonium nitrate fertilizer surfaces, forms the first layer coating, and the weight of coating layer is 25% of this by weight of fertilizer;
(2) with above-mentioned 0.2 part of melted polyethylene wax of fertilizer spray that has wrapped a skim; After the drying, the weight of sealing ply accounts for by weight of fertilizer 0.2%.
The weight of coating layer is 25.2% of this two tunics fertilizer gross weight.
All the other embodiment following tables are represented:
In the table: unit: part; Fertilizer title: be called for short urine, nitre, phosphorus etc.; Weight ratio: %;
Weight ratio 1: the ratio of filler and elastica materials such as polyethylene;
Weight ratio 2: be the ratio that layers of elastomeric film weight accounts for by weight of fertilizer.
Claims (12)
1. release and release control fertilizer, comprise fertilizer nuclear with and coat composed coating layer, it is characterized in that said coating layer is sulphur film A: be coated on the surface of fertilizer nuclear behind the melted sulfur with device for coating, coating layer weight is the 10-40% of by weight of fertilizer.
2. release and release control fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, its preparation method A ' is characterised in that: take by weighing sulphur, be heated to 130-165 ℃, obtain a kind of spray coating liquor, pressurization is sprayed at granular fertilizer surface, forms one deck coating of different thickness, and the weight of coating layer is the 10-40% of this by weight of fertilizer.
3. release and release control fertilizer, comprise fertilizer nuclear with and coat composed coating layer, it is characterized in that said coating layer is sealing membrane B: it consists of polyethylene wax, beeswax, gum arabic, rubber etc., and coating layer weight is the 0.2-3% of by weight of fertilizer.
4. release and release control fertilizer as claimed in claim 3, its preparation method B ' is characterised in that: heating polyethylene wax or other glue, wax, be coated on the surface that fertilizer is examined with device for coating behind the hot melt, form one deck coating, the weight of coating layer is the 0.2-3% of this by weight of fertilizer.
5. release and release control fertilizer, comprise fertilizer nuclear with and coat composed coating layer, it is characterized in that said coating layer is elastica C: hot-melt polyethylene, benzene, dimethylbenzene, turps, Resins, epoxy, polystyrene etc. or its mixture, be coated on the surface of fertilizer nuclear with device for coating, form one deck coating, coating layer weight is the 0.2-6% of by weight of fertilizer.
6. release and release control fertilizer as claimed in claim 5, its preparation method C ' is characterised in that, heating polyethylene, benzene, dimethylbenzene, turps, Resins, epoxy, polystyrene etc. or its mixture are to being melt into liquid, be applied to fertilizer nuclear surface with device for coating, form one deck coating, the weight of coating layer is the 0.2-6% of this by weight of fertilizer.
7. a release and release control fertilizer comprises fertilizer nuclear and coat composed coating layer, comprises following combination A+B+C:
(1), the first layer coating layer sulphur film A: be coated on the surface of fertilizer nuclear behind the melted sulfur with device for coating, coating layer weight is the 10-40% of by weight of fertilizer;
(2), second layer coating layer sealing membrane B: it consists of polyethylene wax, beeswax, gum arabic, rubber etc., and weight layer weight is the 0.2-3% of by weight of fertilizer;
(3), the 3rd layer of coating layer elastica C: hot-melt polyethylene, benzene, dimethylbenzene, turps, Resins, epoxy, polystyrene etc. or its mixture, be heated to and become liquid, be applied to fertilizer nuclear surface with device for coating, coating layer weight is the 0.2-6% of by weight of fertilizer.
8. release and release control fertilizer as claimed in claim 7, its preparation method are characterised in that combination A '+B '+C ' that comprises the steps:
(1) A ': take by weighing sulphur, be heated to 130-165 ℃, obtain a kind of spray coating liquor, pressurization is sprayed at granular fertilizer surface, forms the coating of the first layer different thickness, and the weight of coating layer is the 10-40% of this by weight of fertilizer;
(2) B ': with the above-mentioned fertilizer spray melted polyethylene wax that has wrapped a skim or other glue, wax, to seal the aperture on first tunic; After the drying, the weight of sealing ply accounts for the 0.2-3% of by weight of fertilizer;
(3) C ':, form the elastica that one deck shields with above-mentioned fertilizer spray hot-melt polyethylene, benzene, dimethylbenzene, turps, Resins, epoxy, polystyrene or its two kinds and the multiple mixed solution that has wrapped two membranes; After the drying, the weight of layers of elastomeric film accounts for the 0.2-6% of by weight of fertilizer.
9. release and release control fertilizer, comprise fertilizer nuclear with and the coating layer formed of two layers of coatings, it is characterized in that its coating layer array mode comprises: A+B or A+C or B+C.
10. release and release control fertilizer as claimed in claim 9, its preparation method are characterised in that the combination that may further comprise the steps: A '+B ' or A '+C ' or B '+C '.
11. as claim 5,6,7,8 each or claims 9,10 release and release control fertilizer that comprises elastica C described in each, it is characterized in that described elastica C layer contains water-fast filler, the weight of water insoluble filler is the 1-20% of described elastic layer weight.
12., it is characterized in that described water-fast filler is one or more materials that are selected from talcum powder, clay, diatomite, sand, metal silicate, lime carbonate, the metal oxide as claim 5,6,7,8 each or claims 9,10 release and release control fertilizer that comprises elastica C described in each.
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| CN 200510042081 CN1657512A (en) | 2005-02-05 | 2005-02-05 | Release controlled coated fertilizer and its composition and preparation method |
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| CN 200510042081 CN1657512A (en) | 2005-02-05 | 2005-02-05 | Release controlled coated fertilizer and its composition and preparation method |
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| WO2007022732A1 (en) * | 2005-08-26 | 2007-03-01 | Nanjing University Of Science And Technology | A composite slow-release coated fertilizer without environmental pollution |
| WO2007025462A1 (en) * | 2005-09-01 | 2007-03-08 | Nanjing University Of Science And Technology | A slow-release fertilizer coated with degradable polymer |
| CN100475749C (en) * | 2005-08-26 | 2009-04-08 | 南京理工大学 | Coating method for sulfur-containing mixture film |
| CN100475751C (en) * | 2005-09-01 | 2009-04-08 | 南京理工大学 | Degradable polymer integument type slow release fertilizer |
| CN100540512C (en) * | 2005-08-26 | 2009-09-16 | 南京理工大学 | environmental protection composite envelope type slow release fertilizer |
| CN1948241B (en) * | 2005-10-13 | 2010-04-21 | 南京理工大学 | Polymer composite coated slow release fertilizer |
| CN101177365B (en) * | 2007-11-01 | 2010-08-11 | 山东农业大学 | Long-acting special controlled release fertilizer for corn and preparation method thereof |
| CN1970510B (en) * | 2005-11-18 | 2011-03-23 | 南京理工大学 | Sulfur envelope type slow release fertilizer with controlled release property and its preparation method |
| CN1958533B (en) * | 2005-11-02 | 2011-03-23 | 南京理工大学 | Polymer emulsion composite capsule type slow-release fertilizer |
| CN101362664B (en) * | 2008-09-03 | 2011-03-30 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping control-releasing fertilizer using sulfur as base coat |
| CN101348396B (en) * | 2007-08-15 | 2011-05-11 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Aqueous polymer-sulfur dual-layer coated controlled release fertilizer and preparation thereof |
| CN101348397B (en) * | 2007-08-15 | 2011-05-11 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Aqueous polymer coated controlled release fertilizer and preparation thereof |
| CN101003454B (en) * | 2006-01-19 | 2012-05-30 | 南京理工大学 | Composite sulfur enveloped slow release fertilizer |
| CN103044143A (en) * | 2012-12-29 | 2013-04-17 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Toughening method of sulphur-coated controlled-release fertilizer |
| CN103553849A (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2014-02-05 | 大连汉枫集团有限公司 | Sulfur-coated urea controlled-release fertilizer as well as preparation method thereof |
| CN104387157A (en) * | 2005-09-29 | 2015-03-04 | 艾弗里斯国际私人有限公司 | Granular controlled release agrochemical compositions and process for the preparation thereof |
| CN104496691A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-08 | 营口菱镁化工集团有限公司 | Sulfur coated slow-release magnesium sulfate fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN105924294A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-09-07 | 安徽金帝豪肥业有限公司 | Slow release fertilizer for peanuts |
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| CN100475749C (en) * | 2005-08-26 | 2009-04-08 | 南京理工大学 | Coating method for sulfur-containing mixture film |
| CN100540512C (en) * | 2005-08-26 | 2009-09-16 | 南京理工大学 | environmental protection composite envelope type slow release fertilizer |
| WO2007022732A1 (en) * | 2005-08-26 | 2007-03-01 | Nanjing University Of Science And Technology | A composite slow-release coated fertilizer without environmental pollution |
| WO2007025462A1 (en) * | 2005-09-01 | 2007-03-08 | Nanjing University Of Science And Technology | A slow-release fertilizer coated with degradable polymer |
| CN100475751C (en) * | 2005-09-01 | 2009-04-08 | 南京理工大学 | Degradable polymer integument type slow release fertilizer |
| CN104387157A (en) * | 2005-09-29 | 2015-03-04 | 艾弗里斯国际私人有限公司 | Granular controlled release agrochemical compositions and process for the preparation thereof |
| CN1948241B (en) * | 2005-10-13 | 2010-04-21 | 南京理工大学 | Polymer composite coated slow release fertilizer |
| CN1958533B (en) * | 2005-11-02 | 2011-03-23 | 南京理工大学 | Polymer emulsion composite capsule type slow-release fertilizer |
| CN1970510B (en) * | 2005-11-18 | 2011-03-23 | 南京理工大学 | Sulfur envelope type slow release fertilizer with controlled release property and its preparation method |
| CN101003454B (en) * | 2006-01-19 | 2012-05-30 | 南京理工大学 | Composite sulfur enveloped slow release fertilizer |
| CN101348396B (en) * | 2007-08-15 | 2011-05-11 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Aqueous polymer-sulfur dual-layer coated controlled release fertilizer and preparation thereof |
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| CN101177365B (en) * | 2007-11-01 | 2010-08-11 | 山东农业大学 | Long-acting special controlled release fertilizer for corn and preparation method thereof |
| CN101362664B (en) * | 2008-09-03 | 2011-03-30 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping control-releasing fertilizer using sulfur as base coat |
| CN103044143A (en) * | 2012-12-29 | 2013-04-17 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Toughening method of sulphur-coated controlled-release fertilizer |
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| CN104496691A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-08 | 营口菱镁化工集团有限公司 | Sulfur coated slow-release magnesium sulfate fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN105924294A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-09-07 | 安徽金帝豪肥业有限公司 | Slow release fertilizer for peanuts |
| CN105967867A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-09-28 | 安徽金帝豪肥业有限公司 | Controlled-release fertilizer for growth stage of peanuts |
| CN105967868A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-09-28 | 安徽金帝豪肥业有限公司 | Controlled-release fertilizer for germination stage of peanuts |
| CN106007894A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-10-12 | 安徽金帝豪肥业有限公司 | Release control method for peanut slow release fertilizer |
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