CN1411335A - 防治寄生昆虫幼虫的在皮肤上可使用的杀虫剂液体制剂 - Google Patents
防治寄生昆虫幼虫的在皮肤上可使用的杀虫剂液体制剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1411335A CN1411335A CN00817257A CN00817257A CN1411335A CN 1411335 A CN1411335 A CN 1411335A CN 00817257 A CN00817257 A CN 00817257A CN 00817257 A CN00817257 A CN 00817257A CN 1411335 A CN1411335 A CN 1411335A
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Classifications
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P33/00—Antiparasitic agents
- A61P33/14—Ectoparasiticides, e.g. scabicides
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明涉及包含至少一个季铵基的聚硅氧烷在含杀幼虫和/或杀卵活性成分的制剂作为助剂的用途,和组合物,其中包括a)杀幼虫和/或杀卵活性化合物和b)每分子包括至少一个季铵基的聚硅氧烷衍生物,和可任选的,其它的助剂和载体。
Description
本发明涉及使用包含至少一种季铵基的聚硅氧烷制备新的,储藏稳定的,与皮肤相容的,可施用于皮肤的杀幼虫和/或杀卵活性化合物的液体制剂,以防治在动物上的寄生昆虫幼虫。
在制备医药和兽医药领域的活性化合物的制剂,特别是水性制剂时经常出现的问题是活性化合物缺少溶解性,与之相关联,最终的制剂储藏稳定性也差。
当部分难溶于水的杀幼虫和/或杀卵活性化合物以皮肤可使用的液体制剂形式使用时,就需要制备以有机溶剂和杀虫活性化合物为基础的均一的溶液。为此,通常将活性化合物溶解在如异丙醇、乙酸2-丁氧基-乙基酯、二乙酸乙二醇酯的有机溶剂中,如果合适,溶液还可以与添加剂混合。这样的制剂的制备公开在US 4 874 753,EP-A 137627和GB-A 2 135 886中。使用杀幼虫和/或杀卵活性化合物的上述系统的缺点是常常对皮肤有刺激性,而且,一般的点涂(spot-on)制剂的基本包装材料的长期稳定性也较差,从长期稳定性方面考虑,是无法符合官方药典的基本要求的。
最好是用非常适合皮肤的、毒理学可接受的、在所有气候带具有好的数周的长效活性和数年的长期稳定性的在常规的点涂基本包装材料中的制剂代替这些制剂。
为了克服例如已知制剂的缺点,AU-A 627 847,EP-A 413 610专利的说明书中提出将上述活性化合物溶解于诸如丙二醇之类的高沸点溶剂中,溶剂中还含有天然的,适合于皮肤的油,如松油、向日葵油或豆油。此外,从WO 91/13545号专利申请中可知,将上述活性化合物溶解在>50%的例如2-(2-丁氧基-乙氧基)乙醇或2-(2-甲氧基-乙氧基)乙醇的脂族溶剂中可制备高效、适用于皮肤的液体制剂。上述制剂的缺点是需要使用大量的活性化合物,且对敏感的动物种类存在皮肤的刺激性。为了仅使用少量的活性化合物而获得所需的生物活性,US 5466 458号专利说明书中提出使用以上述活性化合物和如十六烷-1-醇、十八胺的长链脂族胺或醇为基础的乳液。使用长链胺的缺点是它们随时间推移使活性化合物分解。大多数情况下,以长链醇为基础的制剂都不具有足够的长期活性。
因此本发明的目的是提供一种以杀幼虫和/或杀卵活性化合物为基础的适用于皮肤的、对环境和使用者无害的制剂,所述制剂在药物产品规范中规定的常规的点涂基本包装材料(spot-on primary packagingmaterials)中是显著稳定的,并对寄生的昆虫幼虫非常有效。
EP-A 0 017 121,0 017 122,0 282 720,0 294 642,0 166 122和0 164 668中公开了大量的带有末端季氨基基团的聚硅氧烷及其在洗发香波和头发护理产品中用作调整剂的用途。
令人惊奇的是,使用上述聚硅氧烷的本发明组合物能够实现上述发明目的。获得高储藏稳定性的清澈溶液或乳液。
此外,使用本发明上述聚硅氧烷可意外地导致与皮肤的相容性得到改善以及活性的提高,增效作用。
因此,本发明涉及包括至少一个季铵基的聚硅氧烷在杀幼虫和/或杀卵活性化合物的制剂中作为制剂助剂的用途。
此外,本申请的主题是下述新组合物,包含
a)杀幼虫和/或杀卵活性化合物和
b)每分子包括至少一个季铵基的聚硅氧烷衍生物,以及如果合适,其它的助剂和载体。
特别是,本发明组合物特别适合制备用于防治动物寄生虫的点涂(spot-on)和倾注(pour-on)组合物。
可使用以保幼激素和氟苯甲酰基脲为基础的杀幼虫和/或杀卵活性化合物制备本发明液体制剂,特别优选将保幼激素作用于蚤幼虫。保幼激素作用于昆虫幼虫是已知的(参见:GB-A 2 140 010,DE-OS 3700 881,DE-OS 38 25 172)。而且,杀幼虫和/或杀卵活性的氟苯甲酰基脲是已知且可参见下述文献(例如参见:EP-A 343 110,DE-OS 3827 133,EP-A 230 400,EP-A 255 803)。
特别优选下述活性化合物:
保幼激素和保幼激素类似物如:取代的二芳基醚如:
苯甲酰基脲如:
R1 | R3 | R5 | R6 | Z |
H | H | CH3 | H | O |
H | H | CH3 | 2-Cl | O |
5-F | H | CH3 | H | O |
H | H | CF3 | H | O |
H | H | C2H5 | H | O |
H | H | H | H | O |
H | H | CH3 | H | CH2 |
H | H | CH3 | H | C(CH3)2 |
特别优选使用蚊蝇醚(pyriproxyfen):
活性化合物的用量可在0.1-15%的宽范围内变化,优选的用量范围为0.1-7.5%。特别优选的用量为0.1-5%。制备本发明新制剂使用的最特别优选的用量为0.2-2.0%。百分比以重量计。
当然,在本发明组合物中还可使用其它活性成分作为组合物中的组合组分。
可组合使用的活性化合物优选为防治体外寄生昆虫领域使用的杀虫剂,如烟碱杀虫剂,特别是氯化烟碱杀虫剂,或N-苯基吡唑类、氨基甲酸酯类、磷酸和膦酸酯类、生长抑制剂、或上述活性化合物彼此的混合物及其混合物与增效剂的混合物。本申请中的增效剂的含义为其本身不具有所需活性,但将其用作混合物中的组分时,可提高实际使用的活性化合物活性的化合物。
n为1或2
m为0,1或2,
subst.代表上述取代基之一,特别是卤素,优选氯,和
A、Z、X和E具有上述含义。
可述及的氨基甲酸酯类为取代苯基-和萘基-氨基甲酸酯。
优选述及的是下述化合物:
-2-接(Oso)丁基苯基-N-甲基氨基甲酸酯
-4-二甲基氨基-3-甲基-苯基N-甲基氨基甲酸酯
-2-异丙氧基-苯基-N-甲基氨基甲酸酯
-1-萘基-N-甲基氨基甲酸酯
-间甲苯基-N-甲基氨基甲酸酯
-3,4-二甲苯基-N-甲基氨基甲酸酯
-4,5-二甲苯基-N-甲基氨基甲酸酯
-2-[1,3-二氧戊环-2-基]-苯基-N-甲基氨基甲酸酯。
优选述及的磷酸酯类化合物是通用名为下述的化合物:辛硫磷、杀螟松、敌敌畏、敌百虫和马拉硫磷。
保幼激素和保幼激素类似物例如为下述:取代的二芳基醚例如为下述:
苯甲酰基脲例如为下述: 三嗪类例如为下述:
(续)
(续)
R1 | R3 | R5 | R6 | Z |
H | H | CH3 | H | O |
H | H | CH3 | 2-Cl | O |
5-F | H | CH3 | H | O |
H | H | CF3 | H | O |
H | H | C2H5 | H | O |
H | H | H | H | O |
H | H | CH3 | H | CH2 |
H | H | CH3 | H | C(CH3)2 |
R1 | R2 | R3 |
环丙基 | H | H |
环丙基 | H | CH3 |
环丙基 | H | C2H5 |
环丙基 | H | C3H7-n |
环丙基 | H | C4H9-n |
环丙基 | H | C5H11-n |
环丙基 | H | C6H13-n |
环丙基 | H | C7H15-n |
R1 | R2 | R3 |
环丙基 | H | C8H17-n |
环丙基 | H | C12-H25-n |
环丙基 | H | CH2-C4H9-n |
环丙基 | H | CH2CH(CH3)C2H5 |
环丙基 | H | CH2CH=CH2 |
环丙基 | Cl | C2H5 |
环丙基 | Cl | C6H13-n |
环丙基 | Cl | C8H17-n |
环丙基 | Cl | C12H25-n |
环丙基 | H | 环丙基 |
环丙基 | H | COCH3 |
环丙基 | H | COCH3 HCl |
环丙基 | H | COC2H5 HCl |
环丙基 | H | COC2H5 |
环丙基 | H | COC3H7-n |
环丙基 | H | COC3H7-i |
环丙基 | H | COC4H9-t HCl |
环丙基 | H | COC4H9-n |
环丙基 | H | COC6H13-n |
R1 | R2 | R3 |
环丙基 | H | COC11-H23-n |
环丙基 | COCH3 | COC2H5 |
环丙基 | COC3H7-n | COC6H13-n |
环丙基 | COCH3 | COC3H7-n |
环丙基 | COC2H5 | COC3H7-n |
环丙基 | H | CO-环丙基 |
环丙基 | CO-环丙基 | CO-环丙基 |
环丙基 | COCH3 | COCH3 |
异丙基 | H | H |
异丙基 | H | COCH3 |
异丙基 | H | COC3H7-n |
环丙基 | H | CONHCH3 |
环丙基 | H | CONHC3H7-i |
环丙基 | CONHCH3 | CONHCH3 |
环丙基 | H | SCNHCH3 |
环丙基 | H | CONHCH2CH=CH2 |
环丙基 | CONHCH2CH=CH2 | CONHCH2CH=CH2 |
环丙基 | CSNHCH3 | CSNHCH3 |
组合的活性化合物的量可在0.1-12.5%的宽范围内变化,优选的用量范围为0.1-10.0%。特别优选的用量范围为0.5-7.5%。百分比以重量计。
作为上述化合物的增效剂优选为胡椒基丁醚和芝麻油。这些增效剂例如公开于EP-413 610号专利申请中。
选用的以下式带有季铵阳离子基团的聚二甲基硅氧烷为基础的制剂助剂是已知的聚合物或低聚物:R’=各种有机基团以实例的形式且非限定性地可提及的聚硅氧烷公开在下述文献中:EP-A 0 017 121,第2页11行至第3页第3行,EP-A 0 017 122,第2页11行至第3页13行,EP-A 0 166 122,第4页31行至第7页末,EP-A 0 294 642,第5页10行至第8页51行,EP-A 282 720,第6页10行至第14页54行,以及EP-A 0 164 668,4页31行至8页3行。
为了制备本发明组合物,既可以使用带有单季铵基的聚硅氧烷,也可使用带有多季铵基的聚硅氧烷。当然,这些聚二甲基硅氧烷还可以带有其他官能基如羧基、氨基、羟基、羧酸酯基。官能基中特别优选羟基和羧基。通过DIN 53 019方法测定50%水溶液的粘度在200至17,500mm2s-1(在25℃)宽范围内变化,优选的粘度范围为250至10,000mm2s-1(在25℃),且特别优选的粘度范围为250至1,350mm2s-1(在25℃)。
聚二甲基硅氧烷的用量可以在0.1-15%的宽范围内变化,优选的用量范围为0.1-5%。特别优选的用量为0.1-2.5%。制备本发明新制剂使用的最特别优选的用量为0.25-2.5%。百分比以重量计。
根据本发明使用的溶剂是脂族聚醚,如二乙二醇单甲基醚、二丙二醇单丙基醚、环化碳酸酯如碳酸亚丙基酯、碳酸亚乙基酯,脂族和芳香族醇如乙醇、异丙醇,乙酸酯如乙酸苄酯、苯甲酸苄酯,或上述溶剂彼此的混合物。
特别优选的溶剂是脂族聚醚,特别是二乙二醇单甲基醚、二丙二醇单丙基醚或二乙二醇单甲基醚。制备新液体制剂特别优选使用二丙二醇单丙基醚。还可使用上述溶剂的混合物。
在本发明制剂中有机溶剂的用量为2.5-99.8%重量,优选60-99.0%重量,特别优选60-93.7%重量,更特别优选65-90%重量,且特别为75-83%重量。
在新制剂中水的用量在0-95%重量的宽范围内变化,优选0-30%重量,特别优选7.5-30%重量,更特别优选7.5-25%重量,且特别优选12.5-17.5%重量。
另外,本发明制剂还可含有常规的助剂如抗氧化剂或掩味剂(flavour-masking agents)。
可述及的稳定剂和抗氧化剂为亚硫酸盐或偏亚硫酸氢盐如偏亚硫酸氢钾,有机酸如柠檬酸、抗坏血酸;酚、丁基羟基甲苯、丁基羟基苯甲醚、或生育酚;有机酸优选柠檬酸和苹果酸。稳定剂特别优选柠檬酸和丁基羟基甲苯。其用量可在0.05-2.5%重量范围内变化,特别优选0.075-0.15%重量。
掩味剂的实例是有机脂肪酸酯的混合物。在本发明的制剂中掩味剂的优选用量为0.1至2%重量。
令人惊奇的,本发明液体制剂的优异之处是在所有气候带的数年的突出的储藏稳定性、和与皮肤的相容性、与使用者和环境的相容性。令人惊奇的,它们非常适合以通常容易出现储存问题的单剂量聚丙烯聚合物管的形式包装和销售,上述管的壁厚为300-500μm和容积为1.0-4.0ml。
而且,本发明的液体制剂显示没有预料的增效作用,即活性的提高,例如当使用蚊蝇醚作为活性化合物时即如此。
本发明的活性化合物与环境相容,事实上其毒性非常低,对使用者安全。
本发明组合物对温血动物毒性低,适合防治在家养动物和家畜的保存和饲养中发现的寄生昆虫,还适用于动物园动物,实验室动物,试验动物和宠物。它们对有害动物的所有或单独的发育阶段都有活性,且对有害动物的抗性和正常敏感品系都有活性。
有害动物包括:
虱目例如:血虱属、颚虱属、管虱属、虱属和阴虱属。
食毛目例如:毛羽虱属、禽羽虱属、Eomenacanthus spp.、鸡体虱属、毛虱属、猫虱属、畜虱属(Damalinea spp.)、羽虱属;
双翅目例如:斑虻属、虻属、蝇属、齿股蝇属、腐蝇属、Haematoboscaspp.、血蝇属、螫蝇属、厩蝇属(Fannia spp.)、舌蝇属、绿蝇属、丽蝇属、尖蝇属(Auchmeromyia spp.)、粪蝇属(Cordylobia spp.)、锥蝇属、金蝇属、麻蝇属、污蝇属(Wohlfartia spp.)、胃蝇属、Oesteromyia spp.、Oedemagenaspp.、皮蝇属(Hypoderma spp.)、狂蝇属、鼻狂蝇属、蜱蝇属、虱蝇属。
蚤目例如:栉首蚤属、冠蚤属、角叶蚤属。
对蚤和蜱的活性也特别重要。
可述及的蜱的种类例如:硬蜱、扇头蜱、革蜱、血蜱、牛蜱;璃眼蜱。
家畜和饲养动物包括哺乳动物例如:如牛、马、绵羊、猪、山羊、骆驼、水牛、驴、兔子、扁角鹿(Damwild)、驯鹿、毛皮动物例如:貂、毛丝鼠(Chinchilla)、浣熊,和禽类例如:鸡、鹅、火鸡和鸭。
试验室动物和试验动物包括小鼠、大鼠、豚鼠、金仓鼠、狗和猫。
宠物包括狗和猫。
在狗和猫上应用特别重要。
应用既可以是预防又可治疗。
为了制备本发明制剂,将适合量的所需成分彼此混合,例如使用常规的搅拌容器或适合的其他设备混合。
本方法还可在保护性气氛或其他去除氧的方法下进行,如果所需成分需要采用这样的工艺。
下述实施例旨在例示本发明:
实施例1
均一的点涂制剂(spot-on formulation)(100g),组成为
1.00g 蚊蝇醚(2-[1-甲基-2-(4-苯氧基苯氧基)乙氧基]
吡啶(PPF)
82.00g 二乙二醇单乙基醚
15.00g 水
2.00g Abil Quat 3272(1)
Abil Quat 3272是市售的50%浓度的带有二季铵基的聚二甲基硅氧烷,在25℃下,粘度范围为1000+/-200[mm2.s-1],为Goldschmidt AG公司D-4300 Essen的产品。
实施例2
均一的点涂制剂(100g),组成为
1.00g 蚊蝇醚(2-[1-甲基-2-(4-苯氧基苯氧基)乙氧基]
吡啶
82.00g 二丙二醇单甲基醚
15.00g 水
2.00g Abil Quat 3272(1)
Abil Quat 3272是市售的50%浓度的带有二季铵基的聚二甲基硅氧烷,在25℃下,粘度范围为1000+/-200[mm2.s-1],为Goldschmidt AG公司D-4300 Essen的产品。
实施例3
均一的点涂制剂(100g),组成为
1.00g 蚊蝇醚(2-[1-甲基-2-(4-苯氧基苯氧基)乙氧基]
吡啶
82.00g 二丙二醇单甲基醚
15.00g 水
2.00g Abil Quat 3274(2)
(2)Abil Quat 3274是Goldschmidt AG公司D-4300 Essen的50%浓度的带有二季铵基的聚二甲基硅氧烷溶液,在25℃下,粘度范围为5000-15,000[mm2.s-1]。
实施例4
均一的点涂制剂(100g),组成为
1.00g 蚊蝇醚(2-[1-甲基-2-(4-苯氧基苯氧基)乙氧基]
吡啶
82.00g 二乙二醇单乙基醚
15.00g 水
2.00g Abil Quat 3274(2)
(2)Abil Quat 3274是Goldschmidt AG公司D-4300 Essen的50%浓度的带有二季铵基的聚二甲基硅氧烷溶液,在25℃下,粘度范围为5000-15,000[mm2.s-1]。
对比实施例1
均一的点涂制剂(100g),组成为
1.00g 蚊蝇醚(2-[1-甲基-2-(4-苯氧基苯氧基)乙氧基]
吡啶
99.00g 二乙二醇单乙基醚
对比实施例2
均一的点涂制剂(100g),组成为
1.00g 蚊蝇醚(2-[1-甲基-2-(4-苯氧基苯氧基)乙氧基]
吡啶
99.00g 二丙二醇单甲基醚
实施例1-4的点涂制剂对猫蚤的功效研究
用上述实施例的1%浓度的蚊蝇醚溶液对猫蚤进行消毒试验,研究其功效。
将被20只蚤侵染的猫分成2组,每组10只猫。第一组在颈上点涂1%浓度的蚊蝇醚,受药量为0.1ml/kg,同时另外的组作为未处理对照。以一周为间隔使猫被重复侵染,在其后的24小时收集排出的蚤卵。将上述卵在28℃和相对空气湿度85%下温育30天观察蚤的发育。
而且,将20只猫分成2组,每组10只猫。第一组在颈上点涂1%浓度的蚊蝇醚,受药量为0.1ml/kg,同时另外的组作为未处理对照。在4周中,将猫以每周的间隔,每次6小时放在羊毛地毯上。蚤卵散布在地毯上,将该卵在28℃和相对空气湿度85%下温育30天,观察蚤发育。
在7周中,与对照组相比,被处理组的抑制卵发育为成蚤的抑制率至少为95%。施药后56天的抑制率为92%。
地毯上发育的成蚤与用药处理的猫接触后,17天内抑制率为95%或更多。
实施例1-4的点涂制剂对狗蚤的功效研究
用上述实施例的1%浓度的蚊蝇醚溶液对狗蚤进行消毒试验,研究其功效。
将被20只蚤侵染的狗分成2组,每组10只狗。第一组在颈上点涂实施例1-4中的1%浓度的蚊蝇醚溶液,受药量为0.04ml/kg,同时另外的组作为未处理对照。在11周中,以一周的间隔使狗被重复感染,在其后的24小时收集排出的蚤卵。将这些卵在28℃和相对大气湿度85%下温育30天,观察蚤发育。
此外,在4周中,将狗以每周的间隔,每次6小时放在羊毛地毯上。蚤卵散布在地毯上,将该卵在28℃和相对空气湿度85%下温育,30天内观察蚤发育。
在10周中,被处理组的抑制卵发育为成蚤的抑制率为100%。
在试验的全部24天中,在与被处理狗接触后的地毯上成蚤的发育的被抑制率为100%。
长期稳定性的测定
为此,使平均壁厚大约350μm常规的PP点涂管充满0.4ml的点涂溶液,并在40℃和相对空气湿度75%的条件下储藏6个月。所述研究的结果示于表1。
表1:点涂溶液的长期稳定性
样品号 | 批量产品 | 水(%)(t/开始时) | 水(%)(t/结束时) | PPF(%)(t/开始时) | PPF(%)(t/结束时) |
1 | 实施例1 | 15 | 15 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
2 | 实施例2 | 15 | 15 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
3 | 实施例3 | 15 | 15 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
4 | 实施例4 | 15 | 15 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
5 | 对比实施例1 | 0 | 12 | 1.00 | 0.88 |
6 | 对比实施例2 | 0 | 13 | 1.00 | 0.87 |
从表1中可见制剂1-4可以满足药品法规的稳定性的要求。不幸的是,对比实施例1-2不能稳定储藏。在储藏期间各自的活性化合物减少了>10%。
所研究的制剂的毒理学性能示于表2。
表2:点涂溶液的毒理学性质
样品 | 大鼠急性口服LD50 | 大鼠急性经皮LD50 | 对兔子的皮肤刺激性 | 对兔子的眼刺激性 |
实施例1-4的批量产品 | >2500(mg/kg b.w.) | >4000(mg/kg b.w.) | 无刺激性 | 无刺激性 |
对比实施例1-2批量产品 | 2000(mg/kg b.w.) | >4000(mg/kg b.w.) | 刺激 | 刺激 |
从表中可见,新的点涂制剂与靶标动物和环境有很好的相容性,并对使用者非常安全。
Claims (3)
1.包含至少一个季铵基的聚硅氧烷在杀幼虫和/或杀卵活性化合物制剂中作为制剂助剂的用途。
2.组合物,其中包括
a)杀幼虫和/或杀卵活性化合物和
b)每分子包括至少一个季铵基的聚硅氧烷衍生物,和,如果合适,其它的助剂和载体。
3.单剂量聚丙烯聚合物管剂,其特征在于其用根据权利要求2的组合物填充。
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DE19960775A DE19960775A1 (de) | 1999-12-16 | 1999-12-16 | Dermal applizierbare insektizide Flüssigformulierungen zur Bekämpfung von parasitierenden Insektenlarven |
DE19960775.3 | 1999-12-16 |
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US (1) | US20030109496A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1253824A2 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2003516943A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1411335A (zh) |
AR (1) | AR026960A1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU3006101A (zh) |
BR (1) | BR0016413A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2391802A1 (zh) |
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DE4443888A1 (de) * | 1994-12-09 | 1996-06-13 | Bayer Ag | Dermal applizierbare Formulierungen von Parasitiziden |
JP2006213616A (ja) * | 2005-02-02 | 2006-08-17 | Osaka Seiyaku:Kk | 動物用外部寄生虫防除剤 |
GB201019975D0 (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2011-01-05 | Excella Tec Ltd | A composition and method for the control of arthropods |
AU2013204386B2 (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2016-04-14 | Intervet International B.V. | Topical parasiticidal formulation |
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DE4318537A1 (de) * | 1993-06-04 | 1994-12-08 | Bayer Ag | Kationische siloxanylmodifizierte polyhydroxylierte Kohlenwasserstoffe |
DE19807630A1 (de) * | 1998-02-23 | 1999-08-26 | Bayer Ag | Wasserhaltige Mittel zur Bekämpfung parasitierender Insekten und Milben an Menschen |
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AR026960A1 (es) | 2003-03-05 |
JP2003516943A (ja) | 2003-05-20 |
WO2001043545A2 (de) | 2001-06-21 |
AU3006101A (en) | 2001-06-25 |
HUP0203738A2 (hu) | 2003-04-28 |
US20030109496A1 (en) | 2003-06-12 |
DE19960775A1 (de) | 2001-06-21 |
WO2001043545A3 (de) | 2001-12-20 |
EP1253824A2 (de) | 2002-11-06 |
CA2391802A1 (en) | 2001-06-21 |
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