CN1408200A - Microwave weeding and sterilizing method and microwave weeding, pest killing and sterilizing machine - Google Patents
Microwave weeding and sterilizing method and microwave weeding, pest killing and sterilizing machine Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a microwave weeding and sterilizing method and microwave weeding, pest killing and sterilizing machine. Based on the heat effect and biological effect of microwave, the microwave oscillator converts the electric energy into microwave energy, and the microwave radiator irradiates the soil and ground to heat biological medium material selectively so as to weed and sterilize. This can kill various harmful living things with low power consumption and without environmental pollution. The microwave weeding, pest killing and sterilizing machine possesses walking unit, microwave radiator with directional microwave antenna, resonant cavity structure, and back temperature-maintaining pull belt to reinforce the microwave treating effect.
Description
Technical field the present invention relates to a kind of microwave weeding sterilization and implements a kind of weeding, insect disinfestation and sterilizing with microwave machine of this method, exactly be to use microwave energy to carry out the method for weeding sterilization, and be used for killing various farmland weeds, live or hide in pests such as pathogenic microorganism such as the insect of each worm attitude of soil, various fungi, bacterium, virus and nematode, mites according to this method design a kind of, disinfecting fast of various plants and public place, the device of preventing and kill off processing of the various pests of family such as cockroach, mouse etc.
Various pests in the background technology agricultural production such as weeds, various insect, pathogenic microorganism etc. are the major obstacles that agricultural production obtains high-yield and high-efficiency, the mankind have carried out unremitting effort for this reason, invented various agricultural chemicals such as various weed killer herbicide, insecticide, bactericide, nematocide, miticide etc., agricultural production was once jumping onto new step.The invention of agricultural chemicals has solved human problem of food and clothing to a certain extent, is one of the invention of great significance in 20th century.But the extensive use of agricultural chemicals has brought beyond thought serious consequence, is not only the severe contamination to environment, to the destruction of the ecosystem, also the mankind itself has been brought serious consequence.Agricultural chemicals extensively and the use of high dose, not only brought 3R problem (being high residue, the pesticide resistance, rampant again of agricultural chemicals), bio-diversity has also been brought great destruction, agricultural chemicals is to the not control well of weeds, insect, germ, the opposite biology that has but killed a lot of an innocents person in large quantities, especially the various natural enemies of pest impel a large amount of species to become extinct fast.Fall in the soil after the applications of pesticide, or directly land on plant corpus,, by all means, enter human body again, the mankind itself is constituted a threat to via food chain by plants enriched absorption.The incidence of disease of the fruit district that applications of pesticide amount is very big, cotton producing region leukemia, the various illnesss of cancer is very high, and is promptly relevant with teratogenesis, the carcinogenicity of various agricultural chemicals.Because the particularity of soil, the decomposition cycle of agricultural chemicals in soil is very long, therefore be easy to enter human body by the enrichment of plant, according to surveying and determination, the DDT agricultural chemicals of using did not in early days still decompose in soil in residual 30 years, because DDT is also found in the rolling action of air in the ice sheet of the South Pole, its influence is wide, and scope is big, has some idea of.Along with the awakening of people's environmental consciousness and the people pursuit to health, people begin to seek to reduce the whole bag of tricks of agricultural chemicals side effect, even the whole bag of tricks that replaces agricultural chemicals to use.
The fuel factor of microwave and the discovery of biological effect open up a new way for this reason.Absorbing the characteristic that microwave energy is converted into heat energy according to lossy dielectric under microwave action is the fuel factor of so-called microwave, and microwave is the biological effect principle of so-called microwave to the special destruction of biology, microwave with high dose continues to handle certain hour, make processed object dead rapidly under the fuel factor of microwave and biological effect double action, kill biological purpose fast thereby can reach.Microwave obtains more widely at biological field, and application principle promptly is: organic macromolecule such as various organic matters in the organism such as nucleic acid, protein, fat and all be that polar molecule is so-called dipole as water of metabolism environment etc., under the electromagnetic field effect of periodicity Fast transforms, can swing fast, absorb microwave energy and intensification rapidly, the result causes bioactivators such as intracellular enzyme at high temperature to lose activity rapidly, finally causes cell wilting.The biological effect that compositions such as intracellular DNA, cell membrane, nucleic acid present the structural or functional damage that can not repair under the microwave radiation of high dose be microwave is had a strong impact on the normal growth of cell and heredity, has also quickened the death of cell.。The effect of microwave has selectivity, only polar molecule worked, so efficiency of heating surface height, the utmost point is suitable for agricultural and uses.The fuel factor of microwave and biological effect mutual excitation mutually, thereby weeding fast, desinsection, sterilization, and handle the restriction that object is not subjected to animation, weeds as seed, budding period, seedling stage, vegetative period and the aging time of dormancy, other pathogenic microorganisms of the insect of each worm attitude and each life stage such as fungi, bacterium, nematode, mite etc. all can be handled, to the better processing effect of perennial weed.Microwave can be absorbed fully by soil and be converted into heat energy, and powered-down or with behind the power set to zero, the microwave radiation promptly stops thereupon, the complete obiteration immediately of the microwave in the soil, without any residual and harm, weeds and insect, pathogen can not produce resistance yet to surrounding environment.Use microwave to carry out weeding, desinsection and sterilization processing and just on processed object, form one temporarily not or " no-man's-land " of biology seldom arranged; do not influence the bio-diversity in the surrounding environment; therefore have eco-friendly characteristics, meet the theory of modern environment protection and bio-diversity conservation.
According to retrieval, having utilizes electromagnetic wave to carry out the patent application of desinsection, sterilization, it as the patent No. of announcing on May 24th, 2,000 99237854.0 stored grain microwave desinsection device, this device is suspended on the silo by a suspension arrangement, utilize the swing of worm and gear that following grain is carried out radiation, be applicable to the stored grain desinsection, but be not suitable for farm environment weeding, pesticide-germicide and various plant and public place sterilization use.The patent No. of announcing on March 4th, 1998 is that 96238972.2 box microwave desinsection bactericidal unit is airtight resonant cavity type device, be suitable for handling small-sized, packaged type material, and processed material must be placed in the airtight cavity, close chamber door and just can handle, also be unsuitable for disinfecting of farmland weeding, pesticide-germicide and plant, public place.The patent No. of announcing on January 5th, 1994 is that 93233817.8 indoor pest electric energy control device also is microwave device, though this device has movable stand, but microwave radiometer is fixed in the casing, can not be up and down and move left and right, this device is suitable for indoor level and smooth ground and carries out the pesticide-germicide processing, being unsuitable for agricultural uses, especially the farmland is carried out weeding, desinsection, sterilization processing and plant and is carried out long working, and its magnetron places in the power supply cabinet, it is bad to dispel the heat, and influences the stability of magnetron work.The application number of announcing on March 13rd, 2002 is that 00115959.3 physical pest killing machine is to utilize inferior ultraviolet light and low-frequency electromagnetic wave, ultrasonic to carry out the device of desinsection, this device is relatively poor to not having phototactic insect effect, and its electromagnetic frequency is too low, effective to expelling parasite, but desinsection fast, also can't use, especially can't be used for the farmland and carry out weeding, desinsection, sterilization and plant, public place disinfection in the field.The patent No. of announcing on October 13rd, 1993 is that 92237685.9 electromagnetism cockroach and mouse killer is to utilize low-frequency electromagnetic wave to carry out the device of expelling parasite, rat destruction, can eliminating worm and mouse, but insecticidal effect is not good, and weeding, desinsection, sterilization and plant, public place disinfection are carried out in the more impossible farmland that is used for.The tillage method of original " slash-and-burn cultivation " is the agricultural measures that utilizes heat energy to carry out weeding, desinsection, sterilization the earliest, but this measure is big to environmental disruption, and power consumption height and efficient is low is unsuitable for modern agriculture.Also do not utilize at present microwave energy to carry out the report of the method and apparatus of farmland weeding sterilization.
Summary of the invention the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of rapid and simple, without any residual; environmental friendliness; meet the method for the protection of sustainable development agricultural, modern environment and the farmland weeding sterilization of bio-diversity conservation theory and integrate weeding, desinsection, sterilize; weeding, insect disinfestation and sterilizing is carried out in the farmland out of doors; in plant, public place and indoor quick desinsection, the sterilization processing of carrying out, can conveniently move a kind of weeding, insect disinfestation and sterilizing with microwave machine with operation.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of microwave weeding sterilization, it is characterized in that: electric energy is converted into microwave energy by microwave oscillator, by microwave feeder microwave energy is flowed to microwave radiometer, by microwave radiometer microwave energy is radiated soil, make the weeds plant, bacterium in seed and the soil, fungi, nematode, pathogenic microorganisms such as mite are exposed under the high-intensity microwave radiation, intracellular organic macromolecule, dipole quick oscillation such as hydrone, under the biological effect double action of the fuel factor of microwave and microwave, cause DNA, nucleic acid, the cell constituent that enzyme etc. are important, apoptosis rapidly structural the or functional that can not repair appears and in important cell structure such as cell membrane, thereby kills weeds, germ etc.Moisture in the soil and other polarity compositions also can absorb microwave energy and heat up, because soil has this characteristic of non-conductor of heat, weed seed in weeds root system, the soil, pathogen etc. are formed hot environment, acceleration causes acrial part of weeds plant and the death of underground root system, weed seed and pathogen etc., thereby reaches lasting relatively weeding, sterilization effect.Microwave has certain penetration power, not only can thoroughly handle ground surface and also can kill weeds under the certain depth of the face of land and insect, pathogenic microorganism, especially farming operation layer with interior various pests.According to differences such as the quality of soil, soil moisture content, soil organic matter contents, microwave is i.e. 30 the wavelength degree of depth of 1 ∽ of 1 λ ∽, 30 λ to the penetration depth of soil.Various pests in the agricultural production such as weeds, soil pests, soil-borne disease etc. mainly concentrate on apart from ground 40cm with in the interior soil layer, especially apart from face of land 20cm with in the interior plow layer, (λ is a wavelength in the formula according to formula λ=C/f, C is the light velocity, f is a microwave frequency) as can be known, the microwave wavelength that can carry out work in the 40cm soil layer of the distance face of land is 40cm ∽ 1.4cm, and promptly Shi Yi microwave frequency is 750MHz ∽ 21500MHz.Microwave energy can be absorbed fully by soil, to environment without any residual influence.The result of microwave treatment forms temporary transient careless, the aseptic subenvironment of not having on processed object, can not influence the other biological in the surrounding environment, meets the requirement of sustainable development, environmental protection and bio-diversity.Adopt microwave to carry out the weeding sterilization, for the soil that often carries out continuous cropping continuous cropping and cultivation perennial plant, as booth vegetable, land for growing field crops economic crops, fruit tree etc., can effectively reduce the density of the pest in the soil, select bio-fertilizers such as corresponding rhizobium for use by application of organic fertilizers and biologic phosphorus fertilizer, biological potassium fertilizer, soil azotobacter and according to the characteristic of crop again, can be so that agricultural reaches high-yield and high-efficiency, requirements of green environmental protection.
A kind of biological insect control device, it is characterized in that: provide electric energy with single-phase electricity or industrial three-phase electricity by illumination, for ease of using in the open air, also can use accumulator or oil-electric engine etc. that electric energy is provided, adopt known low frequency booster circuit or half-wave voltage-multiplying circuit device to provide suitable voltage and current to microwave source, convert electrical energy into microwave energy by microwave source, by coaxial feeder or waveguide microwave is delivered to microwave radiometer, by microwave radiometer with the microwave directed radiation of high dose to soil or ground surface, thereby reach the purpose of weeding, insect disinfestation and sterilizing.Microwave radiometer can pass through the elevator up-down adjustment, also can be suitable for carrying out operation in complex environment by horizontally rotating the device left-right rotation.Running gear drives microwave treater can carry out the operation processing while walking.Running gear has the road wheel of broad or for crawler type, or the two combines, and is suitable for carrying out operation and walking fast at softer soil or ground, has very big mobility and flexibility.Running gear can drive by pushing away the grip handle manpower, also can pass through other power drive, or be motor-driven and the dual-use manual type, also can or promote advance by the traction of farmland operation car.In order to improve the effect of microwave treatment, connect a vertical rectangular traction in the back of microwave treater with insulation effect, traction can lifting.Traction is fallen during operation, and close proximity to ground can make the soil and the ground of just having handled continue to keep the condition of high temperature, to strengthen the microwave treatment effect, reaches effectively weeding, insect disinfestation and sterilizing, the purpose of saving the energy again.
The used microwave of weeding, insect disinfestation and sterilizing both can be continuous wave, also can be impulse wave.Microwave energy can be delivered to the various microwave antennas with directed radiation function by microwave feeder or waveguide, as electromagnetic horn, parabola antenna, helical antenna etc., also can be delivered in the waveguide of the resonator of similar micro-wave oven of opening or lower aperture, the lower opening of resonator, front side wall and rear wall can be up and down, in the left and right sides sidewall incision soil that makes things convenient for resonator, and it is preceding, rear wall still can return microwave reflection in the resonator, can prevent the leakage of microwave, energy that again can concentrating microwaves kills fast with the microwave of high dose and to be stranded in the various weeds in the soil in the resonator, insect and pathogenic microorganism.For ease of walking in soil, the shape of resonator sidewall can be according to the different mining of soil characteristics with square or circular, or square any distortion between circle, and the leading edge of sidewall is sharp, the resistance of soil when reducing walking.During operation, the resonator sidewall can be plumbness, and as improved procedure, its upper end more can be for turning forward, to reduce walking resistance.The upper side wall of resonator and forward and backward sidewall can as improved procedure, more can be parabolic shape, so that better resonator is returned in microwave reflection for plate.The resonator inwall can apply the material that material hard wear resistant such as one deck pottery or polystyrene can see through microwave again, to protect the smooth complete of resonator inwall, in order to avoid reduce result of use, increases the service life.The leading edge of resonator front side wall can have a groove mouth, and an embedded turning cylinder can effectively prevent microwave leakage, can reduce walking resistance again, convenient walking.The resonator rear wall also can have a turning cylinder as front side wall.The material of turning cylinder can be microwave absorbing material, more can be metal material, so that microwave reflection is returned in the resonator.The place ahead of resonator has the soil cutter, by horizontal hay knife and longitudinally the soil cutter form.The horizontal higher weeds of hay knife cutting are in order to the upper side wall of walking with the protection microwave treater.The soil cutter cut off the weeds root system in the soil in order to scratch soil longitudinally, for the resonator sidewall clears the way, make it walking operation smoothly in soil, increase the service life.For this reason, the front end of soil cutter is sharp usually longitudinally, the common broad in rear end, truncate or nick.Position during the operation of soil cutter can be plumbness.As improved procedure, the upper end of soil cutter turns forward usually, so that walking and cutting weeds root system in soil.On soil cutter longitudinally, the secondary row travelling wheel can be installed, the position of secondary row travelling wheel on the soil cutter usually can up-down adjustment, has both made things convenient for the soil cutter to walk in soil, can control the depth of cut of soil cutter again.For ease of monitoring and adjusting microwave output power, on control panel, have the microwave output power monitor, can be by the monitoring of antianode electric current or by the monitoring of guide directional coupler realization to microwave output power.The adjusting of microwave output power can be regulated continuously by pressure regulator, also can make stepping and regulate, or be switching regulator.The farm work scope is bigger, needs long power line, is convenient working, and the power line automatic retraction device can be installed on fuselage.The power line automatic retraction device can pass through driven by power, also can drive by lay mechanical linkage which controls between road wheel and power line folding and unfolding wheel.Link gear can be the belt pulley kind of drive, and the walking power of road wheel is passed to power line folding and unfolding wheel by belt, makes it interlock, reaches the purpose of automatic deploying and retracting power line.Perhaps power line folding and unfolding wheel and road wheel is chain by gear train, make it the automatic deploying and retracting power line.For convenient work, on the body tool box can also be set.The shape of casing can be for square.As improved procedure, be the left-right rotation of instant microwave processor, the front end of casing can be semi-cylindrical.Casing also can be for cylindrical, and between the base rotation slot can be arranged, and rotates to drive microwave treater.The all operations of control panel and the manipulation of running gear both can manual operations, also can straighforward operation.Description of drawings 1: magnetron; 2: the magnetron radiator fan; 3: the adjustable screw lever arm; 4: adjusting knob; 5: power supply power supply cabinet; 6: control panel; 7: push away grip handle; 8: the tool box; 9: power line folding and unfolding wheel; 10: insulation traction halyard; 11: the insulation traction; 12: the case radiation fan; 13: road wheel; 14: waveguide; 15A: resonator roof; 15B: resonator sidewall; 16A: resonator front-reflection wall: 16B: resonator back reflection wall; 17; The axis of rolling; 18: vertical cutter; 19: the secondary row travelling wheel; 20: the transverse cuts cutter; 21: the lateral rotation arm; 22: hydraulic lifting arm; 23: micromotor; 24: microwave radiometer; 25: vertical lifting arm; 26: support arm; 27: support column; 28: flange; 29: the tooth sector group; 30: turning cylinder; 31: crawler belt; 32: turning handle; 33: the microwave coaxial transmission line; 34: microwave lens; 35: the linear array feed; 36: helical antenna; 37: earth plate; 38: belt drive unit.
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with drawings and Examples for embodiment.
Fig. 1 is a microwave weeding sterilization block diagram.
Fig. 2 is the perspective view of one of embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the perspective view of second kind of embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the perspective view of the third embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the perspective view of the 4th kind of embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the perspective view of the 5th kind of embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the perspective view of the 6th kind of embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the perspective view of the 7th kind of embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the perspective view of the 8th kind of embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the perspective view of the 9th kind of embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the cutaway view of microwave lens.
Figure 1 shows that microwave weeding sterilization block diagram.Power supply provides electric energy to microwave oscillator, by microwave oscillator electric energy is converted into microwave energy, by microwave feeder microwave energy is flowed to microwave radiometer, by microwave radiometer microwave energy is radiated soil, make the weeds plant, bacterium in seed and the soil, fungi, nematode, pathogenic microorganisms such as mite are exposed under the high-intensity microwave radiation, intracellular organic macromolecule, dipole quick oscillation such as hydrone, under the biological effect double action of the fuel factor of microwave and microwave, cause DNA, nucleic acid, the cell constituent that enzyme etc. are important, apoptosis rapidly structural the or functional that can not repair appears and in important cell structure such as cell membrane, thereby kills weeds, germ etc.Moisture in the soil and other polarity compositions also can absorb microwave energy and heat up, because soil has this characteristic of non-conductor of heat, weed seed in weeds root system, the soil, pathogen etc. are formed hot environment, quicken acrial part of weeds plant and the death of underground root system, weed seed and pathogen etc., thereby reach lasting relatively weeding, sterilization effect.Microwave energy can be absorbed fully by soil, to environment without any residual influence.The result of microwave treatment forms temporary transient careless, the aseptic subenvironment of not having on processed object, can not influence the other biological in the surrounding environment, meets the requirement of sustainable development, environmental protection and bio-diversity.
Figure 2 shows that first kind of embodiment of the present invention: the running gear of this embodiment is wheeled, and the width of road wheel 13 is bigger, has bigger contact area with ground, is beneficial to walk on softer soil or road surface.For smooth running, be generally 4 road wheels, can certainly be 3 or more, as long as the energy smooth running is convenient to operation and is got final product.Road wheel 13 is installed on the base.The horizontal connecting axle of two road wheels in front hangs and connects a horizontal thin axle, the fixedly connected vertical rectangular traction 11 of this thin axle with insulation effect, and traction 11 also can directly be connected on the microwave radiometer 24.This traction can lifting, and put down close proximity to ground during operation and be incubated, strengthening the microwave treatment effect, the non-activity duration, can pack up by traction halyard 10 when especially walking, be beneficial to walking and reduce wear, prolong the service life of insulation traction 11.Transformer, rectifier, electronic circuit board, hydraulic elevator etc. all are fixed in the power supply cabinet 5, and radiator fan 12 is installed on the power machine tank wall, and power supply cabinet 5 is fixed on the base.The front end of power supply cabinet 5 is half-cylindrical, is beneficial to the left-right rotation of microwave treater.Certainly, if the length of lateral rotation arm 21 is enough, the front end of power supply cabinet 5 also can be for square.The elevating lever 22 of hydraulic lift stretches out from the power machine case lid, according to the difference of manipulating object, elevating lever 22 can free lifting under the driving of hydraulic lifting circuit, the distance on control microwave radiometer and ground, to enlarge the scope of manipulating object, improve treatment effect.Certainly, the elevating lever 22 of hydraulic lift also can be placed in outside the cabinet.The top of hydraulic lifting arm 22 connects turning cylinder 30, and turning cylinder 30 connects lateral rotation arm 21, and lateral rotation arm 21 can rotate around hydraulic lifting arm 22 in the horizontal direction by turning cylinder 30.Lateral rotation arm 21 can be for single-unit, also can be for more piece, and can fix and be connected by known various connected modes.The end of lateral rotation arm 21 connects microwave radiometer 24 by connection box.Microwave radiometer 24 provides microwave source by magnetron 1, microwave energy by waveguide 14 by microwave radiometer 24 directional transmissions on processed soil or other objects.Waveguide 14 is connected by flange 28 with microwave radiometer 24.Microwave radiometer 24 is an electromagnetic horn.Magnetron 1 is by 2 coolings (also can lower the temperature by water-cooling pattern) of magnetron radiator fan.Gear train is housed on the road wheel, can link to each other by gear train 29 with power line folding and unfolding wheel 9, two gear inclined-planes of this gear train are respectively 45 °, gear shaft intersects 90 °, road wheel rotation in the horizontal direction can be changed into power line folding and unfolding wheel 9 rotation in vertical direction, power line folding and unfolding wheel and road wheel are rotated synchronously, reach the purpose of automatic deploying and retracting power line.The rear side of power supply cabinet 5 is tool box 8, and the top in tool box 8 is a control panel 6, controls the various monitors of the switch of various power supplys and monitoring microwave output such as anode current monitor etc. and all is fixed on the control panel 6.Certainly, tool box 8 also can be placed in other positions of cabinet 5.The back of base is for pushing away grip handle 7.Road wheel can manually provide power by pushing away grip handle 7, also can provide the power walking by electromotor, or by agricultural machinery traction, promotion walking.The operation such as turn to of the open and close of various power supplys and road wheel can manually be controlled at the scene, also can carry out straighforward operation by remote control.
Figure 3 shows that another kind of embodiment.This embodiment is similar to embodiment shown in Figure 1, and its difference is: microwave radiometer 24 is helical antenna 36, and microwave source is placed in the power supply cabinet 5, uses coaxial line 33 to come feed.The shape of earth plate 37 can be disc, can certainly be rectangle or pyramid, or be other shapes.The lifting regulation and control of microwave radiometer are controlled by the angle between support arm 26 and the vertical cursor 25.Having a series of grooves on the contact-making surface of vertical cursor 25 and support arm 26, caves in slightly in the top of support arm 26, and central authorities are ligulate, and this ligulate tooth mates with the groove of vertical cursor 25, both can control the lifting of vertical cursor 25, prevents from again to vacillate now to the left, now to the right.Microwave radiometer reached the extreme higher position when support arm 26 was vertical, then reduced height during inclination.Lateral rotation arm 21 can rotate in the horizontal direction around vertical cursor 25.The leading edge of the insulation traction 11 of microwave radiometer back can be made semicircle, matches with the shape of microwave radiometer, in order to insulation better.
Figure 4 shows that the third embodiment.This embodiment is similar to embodiment shown in Figure 1, and its difference is: the lifting regulation and control of microwave radiometer 14 are to control by the focusing screw that is similar to biomicroscope.Adjustable screw lever arm 3 links to each other with the association that is made up of waveguide 14, magnetron 1, magnetron radiator fan 2, microwave radiometer 24, the fixed arm of adjustable screw is fixed on the sidewall of power supply cabinet 5, regulates the lifting of microwave radiometer 24 by adjusting knob 4.Certainly, the fixed arm of adjustable screw can not link to each other with power supply cabinet 5 yet, and is directly fixed on the base.Power supply cabinet 5 is a cylindrical shape, and can link to each other by rotation slot between the base, also can link to each other by rolling bearing, so that power supply cabinet left-right rotation is rotated thereby drive microwave radiometer 24.In this embodiment, power line folding and unfolding wheel 9 drives by micromotor 23.
Fig. 5 is the 4th kind of embodiment.This embodiment is similar to embodiment shown in Figure 1, and its difference is: microwave radiometer is open box typed structure, is " n " font, and being similar to front side, rear side can activity and the micro-wave oven of lower aperture or the waveguide of lower opening.Waveguide 14 connects by flange with resonator roof 15A.The front of resonator roof 15A links to each other with resonator reflecting wall 16A, 16B respectively with the back opening portion, and microwave energy is concentrated in the resonator, prevents microwave leakage. Resonator reflecting wall 16A, 16B can be up and down with respect to resonator sidewall 15B during operation.The leading edge of resonator reflecting wall 16A has recess, the embedded rotary axis of rolling 17.The trailing edge of resonator reflecting wall 16B also can be installed the axis of rolling.The shape of resonator roof 15A can also can be parabolic shape for plate.Resonator roof 15A, sidewall 15B inner surface can be covered with the wear-resisting material that can see through microwave as materials such as pottery, polystyrene, to strengthen anticorrosive, the wear-resistant ability of resonator wall, increase the service life.The axis of rolling 17 can be made with microwave absorbing material, also can make with the metal material of microwave reflection.The soil cutter can be installed in the place ahead of microwave treater, to cut hard soil, cuts off the weeds root system, drives away hard things such as stone bigger in the soil, for microwave treater clears the way, strengthens the protection to microwave treater.The soil cutter is made up of vertical cutter 18, transverse cuts cutter 20 and secondary row travelling wheel 19.Vertically the front end of cutter 18, transverse cuts cutter 20 is sharp, the truncate or depression in rear end.Secondary row travelling wheel 19 is installed on vertical cutter 18, can up-down adjustment, and with the depth of cut of Cutting Control cutter, convenient simultaneously walking.Vertically cutter 18 can be vertical, also can tilt forward or backward the upper end, is beneficial to cutting walking in soil.Resonator sidewall 15B can be vertical, also can tilt forward and back, and walks in soil with convenient.The trailing edge of resonator reflecting wall 16B links to each other with the leading edge of insulation traction 11.Microwave radiometer links to each other with hydraulic lifting arm 22 by lateral rotation arm 21.The place ahead of microwave radiometer also can be installed ground-working equipment such as soil circle and plough machine, ridging machine etc. to improve operating efficiency except that the soil cutter can be installed.
Fig. 6 is another kind of embodiment.This embodiment is similar to embodiment shown in Figure 4, and its difference is: microwave radiometer with take being connected of body similarly to install with the focusing screw of biomicroscope.Microwave radiometer links to each other with body by lever arm 3.The lifting control of microwave radiometer both can manually be controlled by adjustable screw 4, also can pass through electric control.The folding and unfolding of power line shown in figure wheel 9 is by micromachine 23 controls.
Fig. 7 is another kind of embodiment.This embodiment is similar to embodiment shown in Figure 6, its difference is: microwave cavity roof 15A is a parabolic shape, and the chamber wall 15B of both sides is circular, and forward and backward reflecting wall 16A, the 16B of resonator also is parabolic shape, the reflection that helps microwave improves treatment effeciency with concentrated.
Fig. 8 is another embodiment.This embodiment is similar to embodiment shown in Figure 6, and its difference is: microwave cavity is multi-cavity type, and microwave source is a plurality of independently magnetrons 1, and waveguide 14 is also correspondingly independent, and the radiator fan 2 of each magnetron is also independent separately.The vertical cutter 18 that are positioned at the soil cutter in microwave cavity sidewall 15B the place ahead during operation also correspondingly increase, and all there are vertical cutter 18 front of each sidewall of microwave cavity sidewall 15B.
Fig. 9 is another kind of embodiment.This embodiment is similar to embodiment shown in Figure 6, and its difference is: running gear is a crawler type, is convenient to look like on the ground of particularly soft walking operations such as rice field, fish pond.
Figure 10 is another kind of embodiment.The characteristics of this embodiment are: microwave source is placed in the power supply cabinet 5, and microwave feeder 33 is a coaxial line.Microwave radiometer is a parabolic-cylinder antenna, and linear array feed 35 is positioned on the focal line of cylindro-parabolic 15A, and 15B is a sidewall, to prevent microwave leakage.Leading edge and trailing edge at cylindro-parabolic have microwave reflection wall 16A, 16B respectively, to prevent microwave leakage. Microwave reflection wall 16A, 16B are fixed, also can be for up and down formula.Opening part at parabolic-cylinder antenna is equipped with microwave lens 34, microwave lens 34 is made up of the sheet metal that is arranged in parallel of spill, spill is downward, the microwave that parabolic-cylinder antenna can be given off is assembled, concentrating microwaves can be carried out irradiation treatment, and the irradiation treatment by high dose is to improve killing effect.Microwave lens also can be di-lens.If in order to handle soil, also can the soil cutter be installed in the place ahead of parabolic-cylinder antenna, with the protection parabolic-cylinder antenna, increase the service life.The trailing edge of parabolic-cylinder antenna also has insulation traction 11, to strengthen the effect of microwave treatment.Insulation traction 11 can carry out descending operation by halyard 10.Microwave radiometer can be under the control of lateral rotation arm 21 left-right rotation, also can under the effect of control crank 32, move up and down.Also control crank 32 can be made the form that not only can control the microwave radiometer left-right rotation but also can rotate up and down.Power line folding and unfolding wheel 9 reaches the purpose of automatic deploying and retracting power line by belt drive unit 38 and road wheel interlock.The power line of folding and unfolding in the other direction can be realized by reversing belt.
Figure 11 is the microwave lens cutaway view.Linear array feed 35 is positioned on the focal line of cylindro-parabolic resonator roof 15A, and metal lens 34 is installed on the opening part of cylindro-parabolic resonator roof 15A, plays the effect of assembling microwave energy.Reflecting wall 16A, 16B are installed on the forward and backward ora terminalis of resonator roof 15A, to prevent microwave leakage.Adopt microwave feeder 33 to carry out feed.
Cited various embodiments among the above-mentioned various embodiment can make up according to the difference of concrete processing object, some device can lack as, as be exclusively used in farmland and other agricultural machinery and unite use, push away that then grip handle 7 can be save etc.Lacking of all these combinations and some parts as all within claim protection domain of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. microwave weeding sterilization, it is characterized in that: electric energy is converted into microwave energy by microwave oscillator, by microwave feeder microwave energy is flowed to microwave radiometer, by microwave radiometer microwave energy is radiated soil, pathogenic microorganisms such as bacterium in weeds plant, seed and the soil, fungi, nematode, mite are exposed under the high-intensity microwave radiation, dead rapidly under the fuel factor of microwave and biological effect double action.Moisture in the soil and other polarity compositions also can absorb microwave energy and heat up, and form hot environment, quicken the death of weeds, pathogen, thereby reach lasting relatively weeding, sterilization effect.
2. weeding, insect disinfestation and sterilizing with microwave machine of realizing the described microwave weeding sterilization of claim 1, it is characterized in that: be made up of power supply, transformer, rectifier, microwave source, microwave feeder, microwave radiometer, control panel, running gear etc., microwave radiometer can move up and down and left-right rotation; The back of microwave radiometer has the traction of insulation effect.
3. according to the described microwave weeding sterilization of claim 1, it is characterized in that: microwave source is a continuous microwave, also can be pulse microwave.
4. according to the described microwave weeding sterilization of claim 1, it is characterized in that: microwave frequency is 750MHz ∽ 21500MHz.
5. according to the described weeding, insect disinfestation and sterilizing with microwave machine of claim 2, it is characterized in that: microwave radiometer is the microwave antenna with directed radiation effect
6. according to the described weeding, insect disinfestation and sterilizing with microwave machine of claim 2, it is characterized in that: microwave radiometer is the resonator of lower aperture.
7. according to the described weeding, insect disinfestation and sterilizing with microwave machine of claim 2, it is characterized in that: the radiation exit at microwave radiometer is equipped with microwave lens.
8. according to the described weeding, insect disinfestation and sterilizing with microwave machine of claim 6, it is characterized in that: can be vertical during the microwave radiometer sidewall operation of resonant cavity type, also can tilt to place.
9. according to the described weeding, insect disinfestation and sterilizing with microwave machine of claim 6, it is characterized in that: the place ahead of the microwave radiometer of resonant cavity type has the soil cutter.
10. according to the described weeding, insect disinfestation and sterilizing with microwave machine of claim 6, it is characterized in that: the upper side wall of the microwave radiometer of resonant cavity type can be plate, also can be parabolic shape.
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| CNB021296286A CN1149909C (en) | 2002-09-05 | 2002-09-05 | Microwave weeding and sterilizing method and microwave weeding, pest killing and sterilizing machine |
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| CNB021296286A CN1149909C (en) | 2002-09-05 | 2002-09-05 | Microwave weeding and sterilizing method and microwave weeding, pest killing and sterilizing machine |
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| CN101513178B (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2011-04-20 | 中华人民共和国秦皇岛出入境检验检疫局 | Method for deactivating quarantine weed seed in entry grain |
| CN102487910A (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2012-06-13 | 潍坊科技学院 | Method for killing garlic maggots in garlic growth peroid |
| CN101732741B (en) * | 2010-01-05 | 2013-04-24 | 中国农业大学 | Microwave desinsection disinfection device |
| CN103535338A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2014-01-29 | 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 | Soil sterilization and deinsectization device and root-knot nematode killing method with same |
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| CN101513178B (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2011-04-20 | 中华人民共和国秦皇岛出入境检验检疫局 | Method for deactivating quarantine weed seed in entry grain |
| CN101732741B (en) * | 2010-01-05 | 2013-04-24 | 中国农业大学 | Microwave desinsection disinfection device |
| CN102487910A (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2012-06-13 | 潍坊科技学院 | Method for killing garlic maggots in garlic growth peroid |
| CN102487910B (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2013-04-17 | 潍坊科技学院 | Method for killing garlic maggots in garlic growth period |
| CN103535338A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2014-01-29 | 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 | Soil sterilization and deinsectization device and root-knot nematode killing method with same |
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| CN103638541A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2014-03-19 | 安徽远大机械制造有限公司 | Microwave and optical wave rotary tillage sterilization machine |
| CN103638541B (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2016-04-27 | 安徽远大机械制造有限公司 | A kind of microwave light wave rotary tillage sterilizer |
| CN104853465A (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2015-08-19 | 云南师范大学 | Microwave oven heating chamber structure equipped with microwave lenses |
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| CN105723839A (en) * | 2016-02-27 | 2016-07-06 | 沈栎川 | Field operation machine for overcoming continuous cropping barrier soil |
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| CN106386750A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-02-15 | 西北农林科技大学 | Insect killing device used inside and outside ground |
| CN106410677A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-02-15 | 国网江西省电力公司赣西供电分公司 | Microwave technology based power line patrol road plant removing device |
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| CN117181797B (en) * | 2023-09-26 | 2024-06-04 | 河北科技大学 | Continuous organic contaminated soil restoration device |
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