CN1394159A - 用于生产成型件的方法 - Google Patents

用于生产成型件的方法 Download PDF

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CN1394159A
CN1394159A CN01803576.0A CN01803576A CN1394159A CN 1394159 A CN1394159 A CN 1394159A CN 01803576 A CN01803576 A CN 01803576A CN 1394159 A CN1394159 A CN 1394159A
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paper
facing paper
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described method
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CN100343031C (zh
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E·拉斯格布
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Smurfit Munksjo Paper GmbH and Co KG
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Munksjo Paper Decor GmbH and Co KG
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
    • D21H27/18—Paper- or board-based structures for surface covering
    • D21H27/22—Structures being applied on the surface by special manufacturing processes, e.g. in presses
    • D21H27/26—Structures being applied on the surface by special manufacturing processes, e.g. in presses characterised by the overlay sheet or the top layers of the structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/24—Pressing or stamping ornamental designs on surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
    • B44C5/04—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers
    • B44C5/0469—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers comprising a decorative sheet and a core formed by one or more resin impregnated sheets of paper
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H11/00—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only
    • D21H11/12—Pulp from non-woody plants or crops, e.g. cotton, flax, straw, bagasse
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D21H17/46—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D21H17/47—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones
    • D21H17/49—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with compounds containing hydrogen bound to nitrogen
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
    • Y10T156/1002—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with permanent bending or reshaping or surface deformation of self sustaining lamina
    • Y10T156/1028—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with permanent bending or reshaping or surface deformation of self sustaining lamina by bending, drawing or stretch forming sheet to assume shape of configured lamina while in contact therewith

Abstract

为了生产成型件，一种含有重量为纸中的总纤维成分的至少10％和至少100％的棉短绒成分的、用可交联的氨基塑性树脂浸渍了的装饰纸被敷到一个复合木制的载体上，并且在树脂交联的情况下在受压和有温升的情况下被三维地变形。

Description

用于生产成型件的方法
本发明涉及一种用于生产成型件的方法。
本发明的任务在于提供一种用于生产具有三维结构的热固性的表面的、为木制和复合木制家具和构件所专用的成型件的方法。
在解决该任务的方法中，一种含有重量为纸中的总纤维成分的至少10％和至多100％的棉短绒的、用可交联的氨基塑性树脂浸渍了的装饰纸被敷到一个复合木制的载体上并且在交联树脂的情况下并在受压和有温升的情况下被三维地变形。
变形优选地通过压制进行。
棉短绒是出自天然、可为以适当的方式清整了的杂散棉。
按常规，装饰纸在纸浆作为单一的纤维材料的基础上被制造。发明的基本构思在于，通过棉短绒全部或部分地取代纸浆，从而纸的纤维含量包括棉短绒或由棉短绒和纸浆的混合物。
纸浆是几乎纯的纤维素。棉短绒和纸浆的混合物基本上就是一种棉短绒和纤维素的混合物。
棉短绒可单独地或与纸浆一起象纯的纸浆一样由造纸机加工。显而易见的是，发明所用的装饰纸除含有纤维材料之外还可含有装饰纸的普通的其它成分，如填充剂和颜料。
用作其它用途的、具有一种纤维成分的棉短绒的纸是公知的。譬如在US 5 089 327A中，含有8％至16％的棉短绒的纸在一台敷胶机中用一种起抗静电剂作用的聚合物浸渍，直至饱和。所得到的条带被继续加工成一种多层的高压叠层。该叠层是扁平件。无三维变形发生。
US 4 061 823 A涉及一种高压叠层，其芯部多层由以纸的形式出现的棉短绒组成并含有经过固化的酚醛树脂。该叠层也是一种扁平件并且不是一种三维结构的成型件。
在一个优选的实施形式中，载体和装饰纸一起被变形。这优选地在一台压箔成型机中通过压制进行。
在一个替代性优选的实施形式中，应用了一种具有三维的表面轮廓的载体并且装饰纸相应于该轮廓地被变形。这优选地在一台膜压机中通过压制进行。
优选采用一种其纤维成分包括棉短绒和纸浆的装饰纸。棉短绒成分的重量在纸中的总纤维成分中应为10～80％，优选为20～80％。
本发明采用的装饰纸的单位面积重量为40～200克/米2。该装饰纸是一种吸收能力强、柔性好并且抗撕强度大的大体积的纸。纸的大体积和强吸收能力可确保在浸渍过程中最大限度地吸收树脂。
纸可进行印刷。对大批量的商品而言，优选采用具有为彩印所通用的、水状的油墨结构的凹版印刷或丝网印刷。对小批量和专门订做的情况而言，可考虑数字打印。
在一个优选的实施形式中，采用其表面涂覆有缓冲结构的装饰纸结构，该缓冲结构控制氨基塑性树脂的固化反应。缓冲结构被用一种适宜的涂覆设备，如一台涂胶机敷到装饰纸上。
在一替代性优选的实施形式中，采用一种在物料中加入缓冲结构的装饰纸，该缓冲结构控制氨基塑性树脂的固化反应。该缓冲结构被加入到在造纸机上用于加工的物料中。
在一个优选的实施形式中，一种木纤维垫、刨花板或木质纤维板，特别是硬纤维板、中密度纤维板或高密度纤维板被用作载体。
在一个优选的实施形式中，装饰纸被单层地覆到载体上。
下面借助实施例详细说明本发明。
例1
用一种氨基塑性树脂浸渍具有一种高纤维成分的棉短绒的装饰纸。其后，纸被干燥并被覆到一个复合木制的载体，如一个木纤维垫、硬纤维板、中密度纤维板或高密度纤维板上。
载体和纸在一个模压机中被三维变形。三维变形指的是长度、宽度和高度的变形。
模压机具有以一个阳模和一个阴模形式的模具，载体和纸在这两个模具之间被压合在一起。阳模和阴模有互补的外表面轮廓，该互补的表面轮廓作为负片映像上压制件上。在该类型的压机中，载体一并被变形。
载体和用氨基塑性树脂浸渍了的装饰纸被一起置身于100巴(10兆帕)以上的压力和100℃至140℃的温度之下并历时1至5分钟在一步工序中被压合。在该情况下，同时对氨基塑性树脂进行交联并对整个结构进行变形。对交联和固化过程而言，树脂可含有适宜的催化剂(固化剂)。
在压制过程之后得到一种具有热固性的表层的坯件。该坯件可在家俱工业中被继续加工成热固性的家具表面。
与传统的热塑性的家具表面相比，本发明的热固性的家具表面的优越之处在于具有更好的耐划痕性、更好的耐热性、在载体材料上的更强的附着能力、更好的耐光照性、更好的耐化学腐蚀性和更好的再生能力。
例2
采用一种具有预先给定的、三维结构的表面轮廓的载体。以一块相应地预先铣制的中密度纤维板为例。
用氨基塑性树脂浸渍了的装饰纸被敷到载体上并一起置入一个膜压机的气密的压室中。该压室中的空气通过建立真空被排除。然后，载体和装饰纸用一个预热到100℃至120℃的薄膜在5至18巴(0.5至1.8兆帕)的压力下在一个工序中压合在一起。压力通过压缩空气或经过调温的油产生。该工序的时期大约为1至5分钟。
在膜压机中，只有被渍了的装饰纸被变形。装饰纸与载体的预先给定的表面轮廓相适配并在其上形成一个热固性的表层。在这种类型的压机上，载体没被一并变形。
结果
所采用的装饰纸承受得住在同时对纸进行变形并对氨基塑性树脂进行固化的情况下在模压和膜压时出现的负荷。没有出现开裂情况。其关键是，纸具有含至少10％的纤维成分的棉短绒。作为结果，通过对装饰纸的压制首次得到一个经过三维变形的热固性的表层。

Claims (11)

1.用于生产成型件的方法，其中，一种含有重量为纸中的总纤维成分的至少10％和至多100％的棉短绒成分的、用可交联的氨基塑性树脂浸渍了的装饰纸被敷到一个复合木制的载体上，并且在树脂交联的情况下并在受压和有温升的情况下被三维地变形。
2.按照权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，变形通过压制进行。
3.按照权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，载体和装饰纸被一起变形，即优选地通过在模压机中压制被一起变形。
4.按照权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，采用一种具有三维的表面轮廓的载体并且装饰纸相应于该轮廓地被变形，即优选地在膜压机中通过压制变形。
5.按照权利要求1至4之一所述的方法，其特征在于，采用一种其纤维成分包括棉短绒和纸浆的装饰纸。
6.按照权利要求1至5之一所述的方法，其特征在于，采用一种具有棉短绒成分的装饰纸，该棉短绒成分的重量在纸中占总纤维成分的10～80％，优选为20～80％。
7.按照权利要求1至6之一所述的方法，其特征在于，采用一种可印刷的装饰纸。
8.按照权利要求1至7之一所述的方法，其特征在于，采用在其表面上涂敷有控制氨基塑性树脂的固化反应的缓冲结构的装饰纸。
9.按照权利要求1至8之一所述的方法，其特征在于，采用在其物料中加入有控制氨基塑性树脂的固化反应的缓冲结构的装饰纸。
10.按照权利要求1至9之一所述的方法，其特征在于，采用木纤维垫、刨花板或木纤维板，特别是硬纤维板、中密度纤维板或高密度纤维板作为载体。
11.按照权利要求1至10之一所述的方法，其特征在于，装饰纸被单层地敷到载体上。
CNB018035760A 2000-11-10 2001-10-13 用于生产成型件的方法 Expired - Fee Related CN100343031C (zh)

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EP (1) EP1332027B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP3872430B2 (zh)
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AT (1) ATE425850T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU2002223480A1 (zh)
BR (1) BR0107550B1 (zh)
CA (1) CA2392864C (zh)
DE (2) DE20019180U1 (zh)
EA (1) EA004944B1 (zh)
ES (1) ES2322553T3 (zh)
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DE50114778D1 (de) 2009-04-30
EA004944B1 (ru) 2004-10-28
EP1332027A1 (de) 2003-08-06
EA200300555A1 (ru) 2003-10-30
EP1332027B1 (de) 2009-03-18
BR0107550A (pt) 2002-10-22
US6994764B2 (en) 2006-02-07
WO2002038345A1 (de) 2002-05-16
ATE425850T1 (de) 2009-04-15
PL196344B1 (pl) 2007-12-31
ES2322553T3 (es) 2009-06-23
US20040112515A1 (en) 2004-06-17
BR0107550B1 (pt) 2011-06-14
AU2002223480A1 (en) 2002-05-21
CN100343031C (zh) 2007-10-17
CA2392864A1 (en) 2002-05-16
JP3872430B2 (ja) 2007-01-24
PL355175A1 (en) 2004-04-05
JP2004512988A (ja) 2004-04-30
CA2392864C (en) 2010-11-16
DE20019180U1 (de) 2001-03-01

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