CN1390621A - 净水过滤器 - Google Patents

净水过滤器 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN1390621A
CN1390621A CN02121916.8A CN02121916A CN1390621A CN 1390621 A CN1390621 A CN 1390621A CN 02121916 A CN02121916 A CN 02121916A CN 1390621 A CN1390621 A CN 1390621A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
pottery
water
crb
purifying filter
filter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN02121916.8A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
堀切川一男
秋山元治
吉村典之
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Minebea Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Minebea Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Minebea Co Ltd filed Critical Minebea Co Ltd
Publication of CN1390621A publication Critical patent/CN1390621A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
    • B01J20/28042—Shaped bodies; Monolithic structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
    • B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
    • B01D39/1623—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/20—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of inorganic material, e.g. asbestos paper, metallic filtering material of non-woven wires
    • B01D39/2055—Carbonaceous material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/20—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of inorganic material, e.g. asbestos paper, metallic filtering material of non-woven wires
    • B01D39/2055—Carbonaceous material
    • B01D39/2058—Carbonaceous material the material being particulate
    • B01D39/2062—Bonded, e.g. activated carbon blocks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/20—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of inorganic material, e.g. asbestos paper, metallic filtering material of non-woven wires
    • B01D39/2068—Other inorganic materials, e.g. ceramics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
    • B01J20/16—Alumino-silicates
    • B01J20/18—Synthetic zeolitic molecular sieves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28002—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B01J20/28004—Sorbent size or size distribution, e.g. particle size
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
    • B01J20/28026—Particles within, immobilised, dispersed, entrapped in or on a matrix, e.g. a resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
    • B01J20/28033—Membrane, sheet, cloth, pad, lamellar or mat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
    • B01J20/28033—Membrane, sheet, cloth, pad, lamellar or mat
    • B01J20/28035—Membrane, sheet, cloth, pad, lamellar or mat with more than one layer, e.g. laminates, separated sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J20/28069—Pore volume, e.g. total pore volume, mesopore volume, micropore volume
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J20/28069—Pore volume, e.g. total pore volume, mesopore volume, micropore volume
    • B01J20/28071—Pore volume, e.g. total pore volume, mesopore volume, micropore volume being less than 0.5 ml/g
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J20/28069—Pore volume, e.g. total pore volume, mesopore volume, micropore volume
    • B01J20/28073—Pore volume, e.g. total pore volume, mesopore volume, micropore volume being in the range 0.5-1.0 ml/g
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J20/28078—Pore diameter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/02—Types of fibres, filaments or particles, self-supporting or supported materials
    • B01D2239/0241—Types of fibres, filaments or particles, self-supporting or supported materials comprising electrically conductive fibres or particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
    • B01D2239/0407—Additives and treatments of the filtering material comprising particulate additives, e.g. adsorbents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
    • B01D2239/0604—Arrangement of the fibres in the filtering material
    • B01D2239/0618—Non-woven
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
    • B01D2239/065—More than one layer present in the filtering material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/12—Special parameters characterising the filtering material
    • B01D2239/1208—Porosity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/12—Special parameters characterising the filtering material
    • B01D2239/1216—Pore size
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/12—Special parameters characterising the filtering material
    • B01D2239/1241—Particle diameter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
    • B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
    • B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
    • B01J2220/4812—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being of organic character
    • B01J2220/485—Plants or land vegetals, e.g. cereals, wheat, corn, rice, sphagnum, peat moss
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/285—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using synthetic organic sorbents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/286—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using natural organic sorbents or derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/288—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using composite sorbents, e.g. coated, impregnated, multi-layered

Abstract

本发明提供一种可以制成各种不同形状的净水过滤器，其采用细孔直径为10～2000埃、细孔的容积为0.1～1.1cm3/g的RB陶瓷或/和CRB陶瓷作为过滤介质。

Description

净水过滤器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种净水过滤器，具体说是涉及一种用于过滤自来水、工业用水、河水、废水的净水过滤器。
背景技术
以往的净水过滤器通常以聚烯烃或聚酯类的织布、干式或湿式无纺织物或者纺粘型无纺织物等材质作为载体，并在无纺织物之间填充有活性碳或沸石。
例如，特开平7-26460号公报、特开平8-24535号公报和特开平7-207566号公报上公开了一种价格低廉、临界过滤粒径较小的过滤介质，这种过滤介质是由容喷法无纺织物和纺粘型无纺织物层层粘接而成的。
不论是何种净水过滤器，上述过滤器都需要将无纺织物加工成特定的形状，再将沸石或活性碳承载于其中。
本发明人发现了利用可成型的碳质材料RB陶瓷或CRB陶瓷可以加工出净水过滤器，进而完成了本发明。
另外还发现将无纺织物作为载体，承载RB陶瓷或CRB陶瓷粉末后也可作为净水过滤器使用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种由RB陶瓷或CRB陶瓷，直接加工成所需形状的净水过滤器。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种用无纺织物作为载体，承载RB陶瓷或CRB陶瓷粉末的净水过滤器。
本发明的净水过滤器以RB陶瓷或/和CRB陶瓷作为吸附及过滤介质，该RB陶瓷或/和CRB陶瓷的细孔直径为10～2000埃，细孔容积为0.1～1.1cm3/g。
附图说明图1a为CRB陶瓷的较大细孔说明图。图1b为由米糠造成的CRB陶瓷细孔说明图。图1c为由聚合物分子链造成的CRB陶瓷细孔说明图。图2为本发明的圆板状净水过滤器的斜视图。图3为本发明的圆筒状净水过滤器的斜视图。图4为本发明的采用无纺织物的圆筒状净水过滤器的剖面图。符号说明1.  圆板状净水过滤器的成型体2.  圆筒状净水过滤器的成型体3.  RB陶瓷或/和CRB陶瓷粉末4.  无纺织物5.  胶粘剂封合部
发明的具体实施方式
制备本发明中RB陶瓷或CRB陶瓷材料的主要原料是由米糠经加工而成的脱脂米糠，与此配合使用的另一原料是热固性树脂。
在日本每年产出90万吨的米糠，而全世界米糠的年排出量则高达3300万吨。本发明的第一发明人堀切川一男曾对用米糠制备多孔性碳材料的方法进行过研究(请参照功能材料1997年5月号Vol.17 No.5 p24-28)。在该文献中介绍了将由米糠提取的脱脂米糠与热固性树脂混合在一起进行混炼后加压成型，成型体经干燥后在惰性气体条件下烧成而得到的碳材料(称为RB陶瓷)及其制备方法。制备上述脱脂米糠时，无须选用特定品种的米，进口或国产品皆可。
另外，只要具备热固化的性质，任何一种热固树脂都适用，常用的有酚醛树脂，邻苯二甲酸二烯丙基酯树脂，不饱和聚酯树脂，环氧树脂，三嗪树脂，聚酰亚胺树脂等，其中优选酚醛树脂。
在不脱离本发明主旨的范围内，也可以同时用聚酰胺等热塑性树脂。
脱脂米糠和热固性树脂的混合比例为50～90∶50～10重量比，优选70～80∶30～20重量比。
采用上述方法时，加压成型体与再经惰性气体中烧成后的完成品相比，其尺寸的收缩比率高达25％，因此很难制造出尺寸精确的产品。针对这一问题本发明人又开发出了改性陶瓷(称为CRB陶瓷)。
本发明中所指的CRB陶瓷是指对上述的RB陶瓷进行改性处理后所得的产物，具体制备方法如下：混合由米糠提取的脱脂米糠和热固性树脂并进行混炼，再在700～1000℃的惰性气体中经过一次烧成后粉碎成小于60目的碳化粉末。混合该碳化粉末和热固性树脂进行混炼(称之为CRB陶瓷前驱体)，在20～30Mp的压力条件下使之加压成型，再将其成型体在500-1100℃惰性气体中进行热处理后可得到CRB陶瓷。CRB陶瓷是多孔性物质，具有无数多个的细孔。CRB陶瓷上的细孔可根据其形成过程分为以下3种：
第一种如图1a所示，CRB陶瓷微粒相重叠后，各微粒间会形成孔径大于5μm的较大细孔，此类细孔的峰值为约15μm。
第二种如图1b所示，由米糠本身的纤维构造形成的孔径小于5μm的细孔，此类细孔的峰值为约1.8μm。
第三种如图1c所示，高分子聚合物(酚醛树脂)在高温碳化时在分子链与分子链之间会形成孔径小于0.2μm的小细孔。此类细孔的峰值为约0.05μm。
以上三种细孔可分别过滤相应大小的微粒，起到过滤器的作用。
与RB陶瓷相比，CRB陶瓷最大的差别就是成型体和完成品尺寸收缩比由RB陶瓷的25％降至3％以下。
CRB陶瓷和RB陶瓷的通性如下所示。.硬度高。.膨胀系数非常小。.组织构造具有多孔性。.具有导电性能。.松比重小而轻。耐磨性能优良。易于加工成型。可以加工成粉末。.由于以米糠为原料，因此可以减少地球环境污染，并且利于节约资源。
本发明中由RB陶瓷或/和CRB陶瓷直接制备净水过滤器时，为了得到尺寸精确的成型体，使用CRB陶瓷为宜。但这并不等于排除使用RB陶瓷的实施形式。因为先用较大的模具作出成型体，然后再经过切削等二次加工后，也可得到所需尺寸的产品。
RB陶瓷或/和CRB陶瓷较突出的优点是可基本上通过改变烧成条件，来控制其多孔性。通常认为处理温度越高，多孔性越好。
在本发明中由RB陶瓷或/和CRB陶瓷直接制备净水过滤器成型体时，其成型体中形成的细孔直径可达10～2000埃、细孔容积为0.1～1.1cm3/g。
在本发明中如果用陶瓷粉末，则不论是RB陶瓷或CRB陶瓷粉末都能满足要求。粉末的大小可根据目的进行选择，通常用平均粒径为1～500μm左右的粉末。
对本发明中的RB陶瓷或/和CRB陶瓷来讲，多孔性是非常重要的特性，其主要影响因素有RB陶瓷的一次烧成温度，CRB陶瓷的一次烧成温度和二次热处理温度。当一次烧成温度和二次热处理温度为800～1000℃时，RB陶瓷或/和CRB陶瓷成型体的多孔性能最佳。
在本发明中采用RB陶瓷或/和CRB陶瓷粉末时，以无纺织物作为载体为宜，另外除了采用该RB陶瓷或/和CRB陶瓷粉末也可承载常用的活性碳粉末。
RB陶瓷或/和CRB陶瓷粉末：常用活性碳粉末的重量比以50～90∶50～10为宜。
RB陶瓷或/和CRB陶瓷粉末的硬度较大，其表面凹凸不平，易于以粉末状态存在，也不容易被流体带走。无纺织物可采用玻璃纤维或石棉等无机材料或者聚酯、聚烯烃、聚酰胺等聚合物或者纤维素、麻、棉等天然材料，其中任何一种都适用于本发明。无纺织物的形式可以是干式或湿式，也可以是纺粘型无纺织物。
关于无纺织物特性的要求是平均孔径为1～30μm，最大孔径小于80μm，在压差为1cm水柱时纯水的过滤流量大于3L/m2.min，这种常用无纺织物在市面上可以买到。
本发明的具体实施形式如下：
(1)一种净水过滤器，其特征在于该净水过滤器以RB陶瓷或/和CRB陶瓷作为吸附及过滤介质，该RB陶瓷或/和CRB陶瓷的细孔直径为10～2000埃，细孔容积为0.1～1.1cm3/g。
(2)根据1所述的净水过滤器，其特征在于由该RB陶瓷或/和CRB陶瓷形成圆筒状的过滤器。
(3)根据2所述的净水过滤器，其特征在于由几个不同直径的薄圆筒状过滤器叠置而成。
(4)根据3所述的净水过滤器，其特征在于在薄圆筒状过滤器之间填充有沸石粉末、活性碳粉末。
(5)根据1所述的净水过滤器，其特征在于由该RB陶瓷或/和CRB陶瓷形成实心的圆筒状过滤器。
(6)一种净水过滤器，其特征在于以无纺织物作为载体承载RB陶瓷或/和CRB陶瓷粉末，该RB陶瓷或/和CRB陶瓷粉末的平均粒径为1～500μm，细孔直径为10～2000埃、细孔容积为0.1～1.1cm3/g。
(7)根据6所述的净水过滤器，其特征在于无纺织物或者毛毡载体上除了RB陶瓷或/和CRB陶瓷粉末外，还承载有常用的活性碳粉末。
(8)根据7所述的净水过滤器，其特征在于RB陶瓷或/和CRB陶瓷粉末与活性碳粉末的重量比为50～90∶50～10。
(9)根据6、7或8所述的净水过滤器，其特征在于该无纺织物的平均孔径为1～30μm，最大孔径小于80μm，在压差为1cm水柱时纯水的过滤流量大于3L/m2.min。
下面根据实施例，对本发明进行进一步说明。
实施例1(CRB陶瓷前驱体的制备)
取由米糠制备出的脱脂米糠75千克和液态酚醛树脂(可溶酚醛树脂)25千克，在50～60℃条件下边加热边混炼，得到具有可塑性的均质混合物。将混合物放入旋转窑炉中，在氮气气氛下进行60分钟的一次烧成，烧成温度为900℃。用300目的筛子筛选碳化烧成产物，得到粒径为50～80μm的碳化粉末。
取75千克该碳化粉末与固态酚醛树脂(可溶酚醛树脂)25千克在100～150℃下边加热边混炼，得到具有可塑性的均质混合物-CRB陶瓷前驱体的可塑物。(净水过滤器的成型)
如图2所示，制出与直径为20.0cm，厚度为1.5cm的圆盘状1相匹配的模具，将具可塑性的CRB陶瓷前驱体注入其中，在22Mpa压力下加压成型，此时模具的温度为150℃。
从模具中取出加压成型体，在氮气气氛下分三步进行加工。首先以1℃/分的速度升温至500℃，然后在500℃保持60分钟，再在950℃进行120分钟热处理。
随后，2～3℃/分的冷却速度冷却至500℃，然后进行自然冷却即可得到图2所示的CRB陶瓷成型体1。(净水过滤器的特性)
CRB陶瓷成型体1的细孔平均直径为350埃、细孔的容积为0.65cm3/g。
实施例2(CRB陶瓷前驱体的制备)
取由米糠制备出的脱脂米糠75千克和液态的酚醛树脂(可溶酚醛树脂)25千克在50～60℃条件下边加热边混炼，得到具有可塑性的均质混合物。
将混合物放入旋转窑炉中，在氮气气氛下进行60分钟的一次烧成，烧成温度为900℃。将碳化烧成产物用200目的筛子进行筛选，得到粒径为50～120μm的碳化粉末。
取75千克该碳化粉末与固态酚醛树脂(可溶酚醛树脂)25千克在100～150℃下边加热边混炼，得到具有可塑性的均质混合物-CRB陶瓷前驱体的可塑物。(净水过滤器的成型)
如图2所示，制出与直径为20.0cm，厚度为1.5cm的圆盘状1相匹配的的模具，将具可塑性的CRB陶瓷前驱体注入其中，在25Mpa压力下加压成型，此时模具的温度为150℃。
从模具中取出加压成型体，在氮气气氛下分三步进行加工。首先以1℃/分的速度升温至500℃，然后在500℃保持60分钟，再在1000℃进行150分钟热处理。
随后，2～3℃/分的冷却速度冷却至500℃，然后进行自然冷却即可得到图2所示的CRB陶瓷成型体2。(净水过滤器的特性)
CRB陶瓷成型体1的细孔平均直径为450埃、细孔的容积为0.52cm3/g。
实施例3(RB陶瓷前驱体的制备)
取由米糠制备出的脱脂米糠75千克和液态的酚醛树脂(可溶酚醛树脂)25千克在50～60℃条件下边加热边混炼，得到具有可塑性的均质混合物-RB陶瓷前驱体。(净水过滤器的成型)
如图2所示，同实施例1，制出与直径为20.0cm，厚度为1.5cm的圆盘状1相匹配的模具，将具可塑性的RB陶瓷前驱体注入其中，在22Mpa压力下加压成型，此时模具的温度为170℃。
从模具中取出加压成型体，在氮气气氛下分三步进行加工。首先以1℃/分的速度升温至500℃，然后在800℃进行120分钟热处理。
随后，2～3℃/分的冷却速度冷却至500℃，然后进行自然冷却。(净水过滤器的特性)
CRB陶瓷成型体1的尺寸有所缩小，细孔平均直径为500埃、细孔的容积为0.51cm3/g。
实施例4(CRB陶瓷前驱体的制备)
取由米糠制备出的脱脂米糠75千克和液态的酚醛树脂(可溶酚醛树脂)25千克在50～60℃条件下边加热边混炼，得到具有可塑性的均质混合物。将混合物放入旋转窑炉中，在氮气气氛下进行60分钟的一次烧成，烧成温度为900℃。将碳化烧成产物用100目的筛子进行筛选，得到粒径为50～250μm的碳化粉末。
取78千克该碳化粉末与固态酚醛树脂(可溶酚醛树脂)22千克在100～150℃下边加热边混炼，得到具有可塑性的均质混合物-CRB陶瓷前驱体的可塑物。(净水过滤器的成型)
如图3所示，制出与外径为15cm，内径为14.0cm，长度为30cm的圆筒3相匹配的模具，将具可塑性的CRB陶瓷前驱体注入其中，在22Mpa压力下加压成型，此时模具的温度为150℃。
从模具中取出加压成型体，在氮气气氛下分三步进行加工。首先以1℃/分的速度升温至500℃，然后在500℃保持60分钟，再在1000℃进行120分钟热处理。
随后，2～3℃/分的冷却速度冷却至500℃，然后进行自然冷却即可得到图3所示的CRB陶瓷成型体2。(净水过滤器的特性)
CRB陶瓷成型体3的细孔平均直径为550埃、细孔的容积为0.50cm3/g。
实施例5(CRB陶瓷的制备)
取由米糠制备出的脱脂米糠75千克和液态的酚醛树脂(可溶酚醛树脂)25千克在50～60℃条件下边加热边混炼，得到具有可塑性的均质混合物。将混合物放入旋转窑炉中，在氮气气氛下进行60分钟的一次烧成，烧成温度为900℃。将碳化烧成产物用100目的筛子进行筛选，得到粒径为50～250μm的碳化粉末。
取75千克该碳化粉末与固态酚醛树脂(可溶酚醛树脂)25千克在100～150℃下边加热边混炼，得到具有可塑性的均质混合物。(粉末的制备)
将具有可塑性的均质混合物在20Mpa压力下加压成型成直径为3cm的球体，此时模具的温度为150℃。
从模具中取出加压成型体，在氮气气氛下分三步进行加工。首先以1℃/分的速度升温至500℃，然后在500℃保持60分钟，再在950℃进行120分钟烧结处理。
随后，2～3℃/分的冷却速度冷却至500℃，然后进行自然冷却。
用粉碎机粉碎直径为3cm的球体，然后再用球磨机进行进一步的粉碎即可得到平均粒径为5～10μm的CRB陶瓷微粒。(净水过滤器的成型)
如图4所示，将平均粒径为7μm的CRB陶瓷微粒3置于用平均孔径为5μm、最大孔径为18μm、通气量为6cm3/cm2.s、过滤流量为31L/m2.min.cmH2O的尼龙6制无纺织物4之间，并将上下两端用聚酰胺胶粘剂5封合。(净水过滤器的特性)
平均粒径为7μm的CRB陶瓷微粒的细孔容积为0.58cm3/g。
本发明净水过滤器因采用RB陶瓷和CRB陶瓷，可以制造成各种不同的形状，并保持原来的性能。另外确认了RB陶瓷和CRB陶瓷粉末也具有适于净水过滤器的性质。

Claims (9)

1、一种净水过滤器，其特征在于该净水过滤器以RB陶瓷或/和CRB陶瓷作为吸附及过滤介质，该RB陶瓷或/和CRB陶瓷的细孔直径为10～2000埃，细孔容积为0.1～1.1cm3/g。
2、根据权利要求1所述的净水过滤器，其特征在于由该RB陶瓷或/和CRB陶瓷制成的过滤器呈圆筒状。
3、根据权利要求2所述的净水过滤器，其特征在于由多个不同直径的薄圆筒状过滤器叠置而成。
4、根据权利要求3所述的净水过滤器，其特征在于在薄圆筒状过滤器之间填充有沸石粉末、活性碳粉末。
5、根据权利要求1所述的净水过滤器，其特征在于由该RB陶瓷或/和CRB陶瓷制成的过滤器呈实心圆筒状。
6、一种净水过滤器，其特征在于以无纺织物作为载体承载RB陶瓷或/和CRB陶瓷粉末，该RB陶瓷或/和CRB陶瓷粉末的平均粒径为1～500μm，细孔直径为10～2000埃，细孔容积为0.1～1.1cm3/g。
7、根据权利要求6所述的净水过滤器，其特征在于无纺织物或者毛毡载体上除了RB陶瓷或/和CRB陶瓷粉末外，还承载有常用的活性碳粉末。
8、根据权利要求7所述的净水过滤器，其特征在于RB陶瓷或/和CRB陶瓷粉末与活性碳粉末的重量比为50～90∶50～10。
9、根据权利要求6、7或8所述的净水过滤器，其特征在于该无纺织物的平均孔径为1～30μm，最大孔径小于80μm，在压差为1cm水柱时纯水的过滤流量大于3L/m2.min。
CN02121916.8A 2001-05-25 2002-05-27 净水过滤器 Pending CN1390621A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2001157546A JP2002346321A (ja) 2001-05-25 2001-05-25 浄水フィルター
JP157546/2001 2001-05-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1390621A true CN1390621A (zh) 2003-01-15

Family

ID=19001392

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN02121916.8A Pending CN1390621A (zh) 2001-05-25 2002-05-27 净水过滤器

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (2) US20020175118A1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2002346321A (zh)
CN (1) CN1390621A (zh)
AU (1) AU4437902A (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105555714A (zh) * 2014-04-03 2016-05-04 关西热化学株式会社 净水器用活性炭

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6787075B2 (en) * 2002-03-01 2004-09-07 Minebea Co., Ltd. Method of making synthetic resin composition with lubricative underwater properties containing RBC or CRBC fine powder
US20030210995A1 (en) * 2002-03-13 2003-11-13 Minebea Co., Ltd. Electrically motorized pump for use in water
JP4116333B2 (ja) 2002-06-05 2008-07-09 ミネベア株式会社 超仕上用砥石
JP2004011228A (ja) * 2002-06-05 2004-01-15 Minebea Co Ltd 大気浄化防音壁及びその用途
JP2004211851A (ja) * 2003-01-07 2004-07-29 Minebea Co Ltd 撥油膜を形成した動圧軸受装置およびこれを搭載したハードディスクドライブ用のスピンドルモータ
US20040258334A1 (en) * 2003-02-28 2004-12-23 Minebea Co., Ltd. Underwater sleeve bearing and application thereof
US7008196B2 (en) 2003-03-11 2006-03-07 Minebea Co. Ltd. Electrically motorized pump having a submersible sleeve bearing
JP2010108258A (ja) * 2008-10-30 2010-05-13 Panasonic Corp コンパイル方法及びコンパイルプログラム
CN101947050A (zh) * 2010-08-03 2011-01-19 黄志发 一种陶瓷净水饮水器
US11413558B1 (en) 2018-11-28 2022-08-16 Gautham Parangusa Das Water filtration apparatus and process

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5679248A (en) * 1995-12-19 1997-10-21 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Coextruded blocks and applications therefor

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105555714A (zh) * 2014-04-03 2016-05-04 关西热化学株式会社 净水器用活性炭
CN105555714B (zh) * 2014-04-03 2020-01-14 关西热化学株式会社 净水器用活性炭

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU4437902A (en) 2002-11-28
US6821433B2 (en) 2004-11-23
US20020175118A1 (en) 2002-11-28
US20040168984A1 (en) 2004-09-02
JP2002346321A (ja) 2002-12-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN1390621A (zh) 净水过滤器
US5972253A (en) Preparation of monolithic carbon fiber composite material
CN1269770C (zh) 用于制造复合材料部件的缝制纤维预型件的制备方法
KR100374779B1 (ko) 열경화성수지로부터제조된압출성형구조체
CN1247523A (zh) 由致密碳泡沫体制成的碳－碳复合材料
CN1792580A (zh) 将植物丝矿物化的方法及其建筑材料
CN104230368A (zh) 沥青基碳纤维无纺毡保温板及其制造方法
CN1229770A (zh) 均匀块状多孔陶瓷材料
CN1390620A (zh) 空气净化用过滤器
KR20010032066A (ko) 정수 조성물과 디바이스 및 이의 제조방법 및 이용방법
CN1268584C (zh) 梯度孔陶瓷过滤元件的制备方法
CN1628004A (zh) 用于熔融钢过滤的过滤装置
KR101777676B1 (ko) 콜타르피치와 물유리를 이용한 흡착 담체 및 그 제조방법
JPH05131121A (ja) 濾過膜支持用の、炭素繊維マツトの基体を有する炭素−炭素複合材料の多孔性支持体と、その製造方法
CN1617840A (zh) 制备碳部件或陶瓷部件的方法
KR20110057691A (ko) 다공성 반응소결질화규소의 제조 방법 및 그에 의해 제조된 다공성 반응소결질화규소
US20050184421A1 (en) Dynamically forced wetting of materials and products produced therefrom
JPH05325984A (ja) 炭素質予備成形体とその製造方法並びに燃料電池用電極基板の製造方法
JPH02208264A (ja) 成形断熱材とその製造方法
CN1387918A (zh) 芳香剂收纳材料
JP3233922B2 (ja) ハニカム状活性炭の製造方法
CN1309683C (zh) 新型轻质耐火材料及其制备方法
TWI554488B (zh) 廢棄泥灰再利用製備多孔陶瓷之方法
KR101678283B1 (ko) 고온 활성 바이오 세라믹 성형 여과재 및 여과재 제조방법
JPS6059171B2 (ja) 疎密構造を有する炭素製品の製造方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
AD01 Patent right deemed abandoned
C20 Patent right or utility model deemed to be abandoned or is abandoned