CN1389185A - 鼻扩张器 - Google Patents

鼻扩张器 Download PDF

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CN1389185A
CN1389185A CN02119962A CN02119962A CN1389185A CN 1389185 A CN1389185 A CN 1389185A CN 02119962 A CN02119962 A CN 02119962A CN 02119962 A CN02119962 A CN 02119962A CN 1389185 A CN1389185 A CN 1389185A
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布鲁斯·C·乔森
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Creative Integration and Design Inc
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61M15/00Inhalators
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Abstract

一种鼻扩张器,其桁架件包括:第一端区,其适合于与第一鼻通道的外壁组织贴合;第二端区,其适合于与第二鼻通道的外壁组织贴合;中间段,其连接着第一端区和第二端区,并且垂直于第一和第二鼻通道之间的鼻子的一部分;桁架件处于弯曲状态时具有恢复到初始状态的固有趋势,桁架件的中间段包括粘性空隙;桁架件具有绕鼻子延伸的形状,这样,中间段垂直于鼻子的鼻梁的外部区域,而粘性空隙设置在桁架件和鼻梁之间;第一端区与第一鼻通道的外壁组织的一个外表面贴合,而第二端区与第二鼻通道的一个外表面贴合。这样的鼻扩张器在呼吸时有效地稳定鼻通道的外壁组织,从而有效地缓解鼻阻塞。戴着没有不舒服的感觉。

Description

鼻扩张器
本申请为一分案申请,其原案的申请日为1992年6月9日,申请号为92104444.5,发明名称为“鼻扩张器”。
发明领域
本发明主要涉及治疗畸形的装置,特别是一种鼻扩张器,它可以防止在呼吸时鼻通道的外壁组织被吸入的情况。
背景技术
相当多的人患有某种鼻通道畸形,这种畸形会引起呼吸不畅,这种畸形可以举出一些例子,例如隔膜偏斜,过敏性反应引起的肿胀。鼻孔的下部,即鼻孔入口稍稍向上的位置称之为孔腔。孔腔呈向内的锥形,到达颈口一样的窄区域称之为小孔区(鼻管内口)。在小孔区再向上鼻通道又变得宽了。鼻阻塞一般发生在该小孔处,对于不同的患者,可能是由于过敏反应引起的肿胀,也可能是隔膜偏斜或类似问题,但往往都会产生小孔基本上被阻塞。一般来说,在小孔横壁(即鼻通道的外壁组织)的松弛会在呼吸过程中造成外壁组织的吸入,这样会产生空气通过鼻通道时通道基本上被阻塞。外壁组织的这种吸入就好像“单向阀”,阻塞在吸气时空气的流动。
鼻通道阻塞往往给患者带来诸多不便,尤其是迫不得已而长时间用嘴呼吸,这样使得外界灰尘、微粒不能像通过鼻子呼吸时那样受到过滤而被直接吸入肺部,会引起肺部感染。鼻通道阻塞在夜间则更为不便,因为在睡眠时很难用嘴来呼吸,由于不能吸入足够的氧气,在夜间不断醒来,结果会打乱患者的正常睡眠习惯。
对于上述的慢性和严重的鼻通道阻塞一般考虑采用外科手术,以纠正鼻通道的变形。但是,一般手术花费比较大,也很难最终解决鼻通道变形的问题。
如果不进行外科手术,则一般使用鼻扩张器来帮助鼻呼吸。专利号为No.4,414,977的美国专利就公开了这样一种鼻扩张器。该鼻扩张器主要包括拉长的顶环和底环,通过后支杆和前支杆将顶环和底环隔开并连接起来。前支杆要比后支杆长,在靠近底环前端处前支杆上形成一个弯头。在鼻通道内设置时,顶环安置在鼻孔内的小孔处,以避免吸气时外壁组织的吸入,也说并且减小了吸气时额外的空气流动阻力。底环安置在鼻孔入口处稍靠上,用来稳定顶环在鼻通道内的位置,这种鼻扩张器必须放置在鼻通道内来使呼吸畅通。
由于这种鼻扩张器佩戴起来不舒服,因此其使用效果并不总是十分有效。将该扩张器置放在鼻通道内可能会引起发炎或鼻腔骚痒。此外,这种鼻扩张器必须定做以适合不同的患者。
发明概述
因此,本发明的目的是提供一种改进的鼻扩张器,以防止在呼吸时鼻通道外壁组织的吸入。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种鼻扩张器,其既可以有效地减轻患者的痛苦,又不必在鼻通道内设置器物。尤其需要一种在夜间也可以佩戴的鼻扩张器,因为夜间往往是鼻阻塞最易发生,一旦发生又最令人不舒服的时间。
为此,本发明提供了一种鼻扩张器,其防止患者在呼吸过程中吸入鼻子的鼻通道的外壁组织,该鼻扩张器包括:
一有弹性的柔软的桁架件,其为单体结构,具有初始状态,进一步具有:第一端区,其适合于与第一鼻通道的外壁组织贴合;第二端区,其适合于与第二鼻通道的外壁组织贴合;中间段,其连接着第一端区和第二端区,并且垂直于第一和第二鼻通道之间的鼻子的一部分;桁架件处于弯曲状态时具有恢复到初始状态的固有趋势,从而稳定外壁组织,防止在呼吸过程中吸入第一和第二鼻通道的外壁组织,其中,桁架件的中间段包括粘性空隙;桁架件具有绕鼻子延伸的形状,这样,中间段垂直于鼻子的鼻梁的外部区域,而粘性空隙设置在桁架件和鼻梁之间;第一端区与第一鼻通道的外壁组织的一个外表面贴合,而第二端区与第二鼻通道的一个外表面贴合。
特别是,粘性空隙由一个吸附件组成。
特别是,该鼻扩张器进一步包括具有弹性装置的桁架件,该弹性装置限定了桁架件的初始状态。
特别是,该鼻扩张器进一步包括一粘接物质,其在第一和第二端区位于挠性条片材料的一侧,以可揭下地把桁架件固定在第一和第二鼻通道的外壁组织上。
特别是,桁架件包括一挠性条片材料,该挠性条片材料限定了第一和第二端区和中间段。
特别是,桁架件的初始状态本质上是平面的状态。
特别是,所述弹性装置包括至少一个第一弹性带,该第一弹性带包括数个槽,这些槽本质上平行于弹性带的长度方向延伸;这些槽产生材料减少的区域,从而在垂直于数个槽的延伸方向提高了第一弹性带的挠性。
特别是,所述弹性装置包括至少一个第一弹性带,该第一弹性带具有第一和第二呈角度的端部。
特别是,该鼻扩张器进一步包括第一和第二可移开的衬片,其在挠性条片材料的第一和第二端区分别覆盖粘接物质,该第一和第二可移开的衬片易于从挠性条片材料上移开,从而暴露出粘接物质,以允许桁架件固定到第一和第二鼻通道的外壁组织上。
特别是,挠性条片材料由纤维交织材料制成。
这样的鼻扩张器既简便又有效,从而在呼吸时有效地稳定鼻通道的外壁组织,从而有效地缓解鼻阻塞。此外,这样的鼻扩张器对于佩戴者来缓解鼻阻塞十分有效,戴着又没有不舒服的感觉。
本发明是一种鼻扩张器,用来防止在呼吸时鼻通道的外壁组织的吸入。该鼻扩张器包括一个桁架件,该桁架件带有第一和第二端区以及中间段。第一端区用来与第一鼻通道的外壁组织贴合;第二端区用来与第二鼻通道的外壁组织贴合。通过中间段将桁架件的第一和第二端区连接起来。中间段横过位于第一和第二鼻通道之间的鼻子的部位上。桁架件安放就位后,起到稳定外壁组织的作用,以便防止在呼吸时第一和第二鼻通道的外壁组织的吸入。
桁架件还包括一个挠性条片,正是在该条片上设置了鼻扩张器的第一和第二端区以及中间段,第一弹性带固定在挠性条片的第一侧,并靠近挠性条片的第一边缘。第二弹性带与第一弹性带间隔布置,固定在挠性条带的第一侧,并靠近该条带的第二边缘。第一和第二弹性带基本上彼此平行,并且基本上平行于挠性条带的纵向。
第一和第二弹性带包括多个槽,这些槽分别沿弹性带的纵向基本平行地延伸;这些槽产生了一个材料减少的区域,从而在垂直于多个槽的方向使第一和第二弹性带的挠性得到加强。通过第一和第二粘接件分别将第一和第二弹性带固定到挠性条片的第一侧,其中第一和第二弹性带都包括第一表面和第二表面,多个槽形成在第一和第二弹性带的第一表面上,而第一和第二粘接件分别固定在第一和第二弹性带的第二表面上,此外,第一和第二弹性带都包括第一和第二呈角度端部,这些呈角度端部向挠性条片的第一侧延伸,以及在桁架件弯曲时,防止第一和第二弹性带易于从挠性条片上分离。第一和第二弹性带的弹性防止在呼吸时第一和第二鼻通道的外壁组织的吸入。
桁架件还包括位于挠性条片第二侧的粘接物质。所述的粘接物质使桁架件可松开地固定在第一和第二鼻通道的外壁组织上。第一和第二可移开的衬片覆盖在第一和第二端区上的粘接物质上。第一和第二可移开的衬片易于从挠性条片上移开,从而暴露出粘接物质,以便使桁架能够固定到第一和第二鼻通道的外壁组织上。
本发明的鼻扩张器是一种良好的装置,它可以有效地防止在呼吸时第一和第二鼻通道的外壁组织的吸入。此外,本发明的鼻扩张器在佩戴者吸气时有效地消除了鼻阻塞的问题,并且不存在佩戴不舒服或引起炎症,而后者往往是在鼻通道内放置的鼻扩张器所带来的问题。再者,本发明的鼻扩张器可以在夜间佩戴(夜间往往是鼻阻塞问题最易发生的时候),而不会产生定做的内置式鼻扩张器带来的不方便以及担心其副作用的忧虑心情。
对附图的简要说明
图1为将要发明的鼻扩张器固定到鼻子上时脸部的局部透视图;
图2为本发明的鼻扩张器部件的分解透视图;
图3是与图1类似,只不过将本发明的鼻扩张器从鼻子上取走的脸部的局部透视图;
图4是沿图3中4-4线的剖视图,显示出鼻通道并不能通过较大的空气流的状况;
图5是与图4类似的剖视图,显示鼻子在吸气时的状态;
图6是沿图1中6-6线的剖视图,显示出固定有本发明鼻扩张器时鼻子在吸气时的状态。
对推荐实施例的详细说明
按照本发明的鼻扩张器基本上可参照图1进行说明。鼻扩张器10固定到佩戴者14的鼻子12上。
如图2所示,鼻扩张器10包括桁架件16,该桁架件包括挠性条片18,该条片带有第一端区20,第二端区22,通过中间段24将第二端区22与第一端区20结合起来。中间段24的宽度比第一端区20和第二端区22的宽度要小。挠性条片18最好用交织有纤维的材料来制作,这样制作的条片可使鼻子在呼吸时舒适,最大限度地减小对鼻子的刺激。另一方面,条片18也可由塑料膜片制作。
桁架件还包括弹性装置26,它固定在条片18的第一侧28。弹性装置26包括第一弹性带30a,它通过第一粘接件31a固定到条片18的第一侧28上。第一弹性带30a是靠近中间段24的第一边缘32而固定到条片18上。此外,第二弹性带30b通过第二粘接件31b与第一弹性带30a带有间隔地固定在条片18的第一侧28。第二弹性带30b靠近中间段24的第二边缘36固定到条片18上。第一和第二弹性带30a、30b基本上彼此平行。并且基本上平行于条片18的纵向。第一和第二粘接件31a、31b可用粘接材料制作,例如双面带粘接物质的泡沫材料带。
第一和第二弹性带30a、30b分别带有多个槽38a和38b,这些槽分别沿与弹性带30a和30b平行的方向延伸。由图2可清楚地看到,槽38a和38b形成在第一和第二弹性带30a、30b的暴露的一侧(即与固定有第一和第二粘接件31a、31b相反的一侧)。槽38a和38b所在的区域材料被减少,这样就增加了第一和第二弹性带30a、30b的挠度,这个挠度是在垂直于多个槽38a和38b方向上的挠度。此外,第一和第二弹性带30a、30b又分别带有第一呈角度端部40a和40b,以及第二呈角度端部42a和42b。第一呈角度端部40a、40b以及第二呈角度端部42a和42b向条片18的第一侧28延伸,以便在桁架件10弯曲时,防止第一和第二弹性带30a、30b从条片18和第一和第二粘接件31a、31b上分离。第一和第二弹性带30a和30b可由塑料材料制成。
正如图2所示,条片18的第二侧44包括具有粘接物质46的层,该层延伸过第一和第二端部区20和22以及中间段24。粘接物质46是一种适于鼻子12皮肤的生物兼容性物质。衬垫件48通过粘接物质46固定在中间段24的中间。易于移开的第一和第二可移开衬片49和50分别覆盖在条片18的第一端部20和第二端部22上。第一和第二可移开衬片49、50覆盖着粘接物质46并保持在条片18上,直到鼻扩张器使用时才取开。第一和第二可移开衬片49和50同样分别包括延伸部51和52,并覆盖衬垫件48,在鼻扩张器固定到佩戴者14的鼻子12之前,起着保护衬垫件48的作用。
正如图3和图4所示,鼻子包括第一鼻通道54,第二鼻通道56,以及位于第一鼻通道54和第二鼻通道56之间称之为鼻梁58的部分。图4中显示的状况是,在没有较多的空气流通过鼻通道54和56时第一和第二鼻通道54和56的状况。如果产生畸形(例如隔膜偏斜,或由于过敏反应而引起肿胀),在鼻子吸气时第一和第二鼻通道的外壁组织60和62被吸入(即塌陷)(见图5所示)。这种在吸气时产生的吸入情况是由于第一和第二鼻通道54、56内空气压力降低而引起的,这是由于吸入的空气通过第一和第二鼻通道54和56时空气流速增加的缘故。在吸气时外壁组织60和62的吸入部分(即小孔)位于鼻软骨64(图1和图3虚线所示)和鼻通道54和56的入口之间。外壁组织60和62的这种吸入导致鼻子堵塞。本发明的鼻扩张器10则可以纠正这一情况。
要将鼻扩张器10固定到鼻子上,就要把第一和第二可移开衬片49和50从条片18上取下,从而暴露出粘接物质46。正如在图1和图6中所示那样,鼻扩张器置放在鼻子12的外部,使中间段24横跨鼻12的鼻梁58,第一和第二端区20和22与第一和第二鼻通道54和56的外壁组织60和62相接触。在第一和第二端区20和22上的粘接物质46将桁架件16可松放开地固定到第一和第二鼻通道54和56的外壁组织60和62上。正如图6所示那样,衬垫件48在桁架件16和鼻梁58之间设有粘性吸水空隙。在出汗或类似情况发生时,该粘性吸水空隙可吸收水份。将鼻扩张器10就位于鼻子12上时,第一和第二弹性带30a和30b的弹性(即弹性带倾向于恢复到图2所示的平面状态)起到稳定外壁组织60和62的作用。从而在呼吸时(即吸气时)防止第一和第二鼻通道54和56的外壁组织60和62的吸入。此外,条片18的挠性,第一和第二粘接件31a和31b的挠性,第一和第二带30a和30b的弹性,以及由于槽38a和38b存在使第一和第二带30a、30b还具有的挠性,所有这些都使鼻扩张器10能与每一位佩戴者各自鼻子的曲线相适应。
本发明的鼻扩张器是一个十分有效的设计,因为它可以在呼吸时有效地防止鼻子12的第一和第二鼻通道54、56的外壁组织60和62的吸入。此外,鼻扩张器10有效地消除了在呼吸时的鼻腔堵塞,而又不会有使用鼻通道内置放的扩张器所产生的不舒服或痛疼等缺陷。而且,鼻扩张器10在夜间也可以戴着(此时往往是鼻子呼吸阻塞最严重的时候)而不会产生普通内置式鼻扩张器所带来的不方便以及忧虑不安的心情。
虽然本发明结合实施例已做了描述,但是,本领域的技术人员知道,在不违背本发明构思和范围的情况下,本发明的形式和细节可以改变。

Claims (10)

1.一种鼻扩张器(10),其防止患者在呼吸过程中吸入鼻子(12)的鼻通道(54,56)的外壁组织(60,62),该鼻扩张器(10)包括:
一有弹性的柔软的桁架件(16),其为单体结构,具有初始状态,进一步具有:第一端区(20),其适合于与第一鼻通道(54)的外壁组织(60)贴合;第二端区(22),其适合于与第二鼻通道(56)的外壁组织(62)贴合;中间段(24),其连接着第一端区(20)和第二端区(22),并且垂直于第一和第二鼻通道(54,56)之间的鼻子(12)的一部分;桁架件(16)处于弯曲状态时具有恢复到初始状态的固有趋势,从而稳定外壁组织,防止在呼吸过程中吸入第一和第二鼻通道(54,56)的外壁组织(60,62),其中,桁架件(16)的中间段(24)包括粘性空隙(48);桁架件(16)具有绕鼻子(12)延伸的形状,这样,中间段(24)垂直于鼻子(12)的鼻梁(56)的外部区域,而粘性空隙(48)设置在桁架件(16)和鼻梁(56)之间;第一端区(20)与第一鼻通道(54)的外壁组织(60,62)的一个外表面贴合,而第二端区(22)与第二鼻通道(56)的一个外表面贴合。
2.如权利要求1所述的鼻扩张器,其特征在于,粘性空隙(48)由一个吸附件组成。
3.如权利要求1所述的鼻扩张器,其特征在于,进一步包括具有弹性装置(26)的桁架件(16),该弹性装置(26)限定了桁架件(16)的初始状态。
4.如权利要求1所述的鼻扩张器,其特征在于,进一步包括一粘接物质(46),其在第一和第二端区(20,22)位于挠性条片材料(18)的一侧,以可揭下地把桁架件(16)固定在第一和第二鼻通道的外壁组织上。
5.如权利要求1所述的鼻扩张器,其特征在于,桁架件(16)包括一挠性条片材料(18),该挠性条片材料(18)限定了第一和第二端区(20,22)和中间段(24)。
6.如权利要求3所述的鼻扩张器,其特征在于,桁架件(16)的初始状态本质上是平面的状态。
7.如权利要求3所述的鼻扩张器,其特征在于,所述弹性装置(26)包括至少一个第一弹性带(30a),该第一弹性带(30a)包括数个槽(38a),这些槽本质上平行于弹性带的长度方向延伸;这些槽产生材料减少的区域,从而在垂直于数个槽(38a)的延伸方向提高了第一弹性带的挠性。
8.如权利要求3所述的鼻扩张器,其特征在于,所述弹性装置(26)包括至少一个第一弹性带(30a),该第一弹性带(30a)具有第一和第二呈角度的端部。
9.如权利要求4所述的鼻扩张器,其特征在于,进一步包括第一和第二可移开的衬片(49,50),其在挠性条片材料的第一和第二端区分别覆盖粘接物质,该第一和第二可移开的衬片易于从挠性条片材料上移开,从而暴露出粘接物质,以允许桁架件固定到第一和第二鼻通道的外壁组织上。
10.如权利要求5所述的鼻扩张器,其特征在于,挠性条片材料由纤维交织材料制成。
CNB021199620A 1991-06-10 2002-05-16 鼻扩张器 Expired - Lifetime CN1264485C (zh)

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CN92104444A Expired - Lifetime CN1113634C (zh) 1991-06-10 1992-06-09 鼻扩张器
CNB2005100558771A Expired - Lifetime CN100506191C (zh) 1991-06-10 1992-06-09 鼻扩张器
CNB021199612A Expired - Lifetime CN1219555C (zh) 1991-06-10 1992-06-09 鼻扩张器
CNB021199590A Expired - Lifetime CN1309430C (zh) 1991-06-10 1992-06-09 鼻扩张器
CNB021199604A Expired - Lifetime CN1258349C (zh) 1991-06-10 2002-05-16 鼻扩张器
CN02119961A Granted CN1389275A (zh) 1991-06-10 2002-05-16 鼻扩张器
CNB021199639A Expired - Lifetime CN100408123C (zh) 1991-06-10 2002-05-16 鼻扩张器
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CNB2005100558771A Expired - Lifetime CN100506191C (zh) 1991-06-10 1992-06-09 鼻扩张器
CNB021199612A Expired - Lifetime CN1219555C (zh) 1991-06-10 1992-06-09 鼻扩张器
CNB021199590A Expired - Lifetime CN1309430C (zh) 1991-06-10 1992-06-09 鼻扩张器
CNB021199604A Expired - Lifetime CN1258349C (zh) 1991-06-10 2002-05-16 鼻扩张器
CN02119961A Granted CN1389275A (zh) 1991-06-10 2002-05-16 鼻扩张器
CNB021199639A Expired - Lifetime CN100408123C (zh) 1991-06-10 2002-05-16 鼻扩张器

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