CN1380204A - 对接由弹性体材料制成的型材的方法及装置 - Google Patents

对接由弹性体材料制成的型材的方法及装置 Download PDF

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CN1380204A
CN1380204A CN02105471A CN02105471A CN1380204A CN 1380204 A CN1380204 A CN 1380204A CN 02105471 A CN02105471 A CN 02105471A CN 02105471 A CN02105471 A CN 02105471A CN 1380204 A CN1380204 A CN 1380204A
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C·兰法
S·温特
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Henniges Automotive GmbH and Co KG
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Henniges Elastomer und Kunststofftechnik GmbH and Co KG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C37/00—Component parts, details, accessories or auxiliary operations, not covered by group B29C33/00 or B29C35/00
    • B29C37/02—Deburring or deflashing
    • B29C37/04—Deburring or deflashing of welded articles, e.g. deburring or deflashing in combination with welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/40—Applying molten plastics, e.g. hot melt
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
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    • B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/116—Single bevelled joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being bevelled in the joint area
    • B29C66/1162—Single bevel to bevel joints, e.g. mitre joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/524—Joining profiled elements
    • B29C66/5243—Joining profiled elements for forming corner connections, e.g. for making window frames or V-shaped pieces
    • B29C66/52431—Joining profiled elements for forming corner connections, e.g. for making window frames or V-shaped pieces with a right angle, e.g. for making L-shaped pieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J10/00—Sealing arrangements
    • B60J10/20—Sealing arrangements characterised by the shape
    • B60J10/23—Sealing arrangements characterised by the shape assembled from two or more parts
    • B60J10/233—Modular sealing arrangements, i.e. arrangements built up from a large number of joined modules
    • B60J10/2335—Modular sealing arrangements, i.e. arrangements built up from a large number of joined modules with joint end members, e.g. abutting ends
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2021/00—Use of unspecified rubbers as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0018—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular optical properties, e.g. fluorescent or phosphorescent
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29L2031/26—Sealing devices, e.g. packaging for pistons or pipe joints
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Abstract

为了对接由弹性体材料制成的型材且尤其是密封型材,该型材或型材段在连接区域内获得切面并且随后如此使它们相互接近,即在所述切面之间留下一道接缝,在所述接缝中加入连接材料。随后,继续使所述型材相互靠近,直到其切面与连接材料相互粘结地接触。连接材料在粘稠状态下最好呈膜状地被直接压到该接缝中。

Description

对接由弹性体材料制成的型材的方法及装置
技术领域
本发明涉及对接由弹性体材料制成的型材且尤其是密封型材的方法，其中型材或型材段在连接区内获得切面并随后如此使它们相互接近，即在切面之间留有一道接缝，连接材料被加入该接缝中并且随后继续使型材相互接近，直到其切面粘结接触到连接材料为止。本发明还涉及用于实施上述方法的装置。
背景技术
如前序所述类型的型材至少可以是用于汽车结构的密封型材，利用所述型材来封闭用于汽车车身中开口的窗、盖板、门或类似锁具。另外，由适当型材或型材段组装成了或多或少有些长度的条材，所述条材具有对应于开口轮廓或封闭开口的封闭件的轮廓的曲线形状，从而可以仿照密封区内轮廓或形状地安装型材。
前提条件是，型材或型材段被组装成密封件或密封框，在这里，借助适当的对接来实现组装。型材或型材段平头对接，或者经过斜切地以预定角度装配在一起。因此，型材在连接区中获得切面，可以使所述切面相互接触。为了长久地将处于接触的切面连接起来，人们提出了各种方法。一种简单的方法规定了，作为连接材料地使用粘结剂，它例如被如此加入到切面之间的接缝中，即切面在其组装前被液态粘结剂适当润湿。
但是，这种粘结方法不适用于以工业规模对大量工件快速进行连接，这是因为每种粘结剂需要相应地或多或少的凝固时间。
如果把具有热塑性的弹性体材料用于密封型材，则也可以根据另一个方法如此形成对接接头，即通过加热熔融切面并在对压后进行焊接，马上进行连接区的适当冷却。这样的连接方法也需要时间并且尤其是需要可控的即可掌握的热处理，这通常只能以相当高昂的设备及工艺成本的代价来实现。
也有人提出了，把镶嵌件用作连接材料，所述镶嵌件由这样的材料构成，即它容易被加热到连接型材所需的焊接温度。具有夹在中间的连接材料件的型材在塑性化状态或塑性状态下受到压缩，从而在冷却后形成了牢固的对接接头。在这里，要耗费的工作时间是不利的，尤其是要在冷却和接头固化前经过一段时间，以便通过对接形成的密封件可以作为从此刻起成一体的部件来使用。
发明内容
本发明的任务是提供一种型材对接方法，它可以快速进行并因而导致了在生产中保持短生产周期。
按照方法，通过权利要求1的特征完成了上述任务，从权利要求2-7中得到了其它方法的设计方案。
在本发明的方法中，连接材料被直接加到型材或型材段的要彼此连接的端部之间的接缝中。可以成液态地储备连接材料并且将其压入如喷入或挤压到接缝中。优选挤压方法，其中连接材料呈膜状地从被保持在接缝区域内的挤压机输出承口中被挤出。作为用于形成连接材料的原料，可以采用塑料如热塑性弹性体、PVC或类似物，当其贴在连接区的切面上时，上述材料因其被直接送入接缝中而还是或多或少地处于液态或粘稠状态。由此得到了以下优点，即要相互连接的型材的构成接缝边界的切面也可以不用加工或者说无须预处理地被送去连接。不过，当然也可以进行利用温度或底漆的预处理。
呈膜状被直接挤压到接缝中的连接材料取代了已知方法需要的嵌片或嵌膜，它们也必须从卷匣中被拉入接缝中。
因此，根据本发明，连接材料一般在其被加入接缝中时才成型，例如被制成膜状并因此不象在嵌片或粘膜中那样需要预制加工。
本发明的方法尤其是适用于连接由任何材料组合构成的型材以及或许用于连接具有钢制、铝制或塑料的嵌入加强件的型材。由多个部分构成的且因此兼有任意的材料组合形式的型材可以通过本发明的方法毫无困难地连接起来，这是因为可以把这样的材料用作可被直接挤压到接缝中的材质，即所述材料被认为是非常易于与所用的型材材料粘结的。例如，热塑性弹性体特别适用作连接材料，这是因为它是最易于粘结的，其中甚至还可以通过挤压机的输出温度和/或膜粘度和/或被挤到接缝中的膜的厚度来影响易粘结性。
一旦把连接材料膜压入且最好是挤压到接缝中，则马上使型材相互接近，直到切面移近到两侧贴着连接材料膜的程度。每个条形型材具有一个对应于各自应用情况的形状或外轮廓，成膜状加入的连接材料超出了所述型材形状。在本发明的方法中，在从此刻起被组装成密封件的型材段被送去进一步处理或使用前，超出切面边界的连接材料部分在一个工序中被切掉。
本发明的方法优选地适用于加工各种颜色的连接材料。被挤压到接缝中的膜可以通过各种共挤层而由多层制成。连接材料可以是彩色的或透明的。每次都可以毫无困难地随意调整以适应于各种应用场合。当使分别加工各自所需的连接材料的挤压机同时作好工作准备并且例如只通过阀来控制其挤压头时，或者根据需要而例如借助一个可相应操作的机构把挤压头送入要使用的接缝中区域时，改换到其它连接材料加工的改换时间也可以有利地保持得较短。
根据本发明，一种设置用于实施该方法的装置的特点是 8-11的特征。装置特征也要求自动保护。
除了有利的特征外，即装置的一个工站成带有适于把连接材料加入接缝的挤压喷嘴的挤压机形式，本发明的装置具有突出的优点，即用于要相连的型材段的夹紧座配设有用于在夹紧座相互移近时进行冲切的刃。这种组合实现了夹紧座有利地具有双重功能，这是因为被嵌入夹紧座中的型材的切面在包夹着挤压膜地紧贴的情况下进行冲切。通过冲切，超出型材切面边界的连接材料部分通过相应切除材料而适应于型材轮廓的形状和走向。
在连接材料凝固或硬化后，切面通过连接材料相连，从而可以从装置中取出一个密封件如一个整体式密封框。
附图说明
在附图中示意示出了本发明的一个实施例，其中从该实施例中得到了本发明的其它特征，其中：
图1是一个准备用于容纳由弹性体材料制成的型材的要连接端部的装置的示意原理图；
图2是在连接材料被加入接缝中时的图1所示的示意原理图；
图3是装置闭合以便形成型材端部和连接材料之间的连接的示意原理图。
具体实施方式的说明
图1是示意原理图，其中示出了型材对接的第一操作步骤。
用1表示型材。型材1端部2、3在端面上获得切面4、5，它们是用适当的在此未示出的工具制成的。切面以一个斜面方式延伸，从而型材1端部2、3在切面4、5相聚时相互成一个在这里示出的钝角。
在一个未示出的装置上，安装了夹紧座6、7。每个夹紧座由一个嵌座8和一个闭合座9组成。这些部件完全相同地位于夹紧座7中并且因而用8′、9′来表示。
型材1端部2、3可被如此分别嵌到嵌座8或8′中，即型材1端侧切面4、5与嵌座8或8′的端面对齐。这样的嵌入例如可以用手来完成。
一旦型材1端部2、3如上所述地被嵌入嵌座8或8′中，则使闭合座9或9′贴到嵌座8或8′上，从而型材1端部2、3被夹紧地保持在从现在起被封闭的夹紧座6、7中。
当然，该装置可以配备有用于闭合夹紧座的操作机构。
在图2中，再次以示意原理图形式示出了这种装置，其中与图1相比，夹紧座如图所示地已处于上述闭合位置上，在这个闭合位置上，型材1端部被夹紧保持在封闭的夹紧座6、7中。
每个夹紧座6、7被可运动地设置在未示出的装置上，从而夹紧座6、7可以沿箭头10、11方向如此相互靠近，即被保持在夹紧座6、7中的如型材1端部的切面4、5可以相互接触。在此所示的位置对应于打开位置，其中在切面4、5之间的接缝还比较宽。该装置携载有一个具有输出喷嘴1 3的挤压机1 2，它是如此定位的，即其喷出口位于被嵌入夹紧座6、7中的如型材1端部的切面4、5之间的接缝的上方。
当然，挤压机12也可以是喷射机构，或者在此所示的装置其实是一台可以成材料膜的形式把液态或膏状连接材料14引入如压入或推入接缝中的装置。材料膜15从喷嘴13或承口中冒出地沿箭头16方向进入接缝并在这里安放在位于夹紧座6、7中的如型材1端部的切面4、5的前方。
随后，在箭头10、11方向上使夹紧座6、7相互接近，如图3所示。在图3中，相同的部件用相同符号表示。由于夹紧座6、7闭合，所以，借助位于接缝中的连接材料14薄膜15而形成了连接，由此由型材1形成了一个密封件如一体的密封框。
在这种装置中，如此设计夹紧座6、7，即它们在相互接近的位置上如图3所示地根据型材1轮廓来冲切材料膜15，即超出型材1切面的边界的连接材料部分被切掉。

Claims (11)

1、一种对接由弹性体材料制成的型材且尤其是密封型材的方法，其中所述型材或型材段在连接区域内获得切面并且随后如此使它们相互接近，即在所述切面之间留下一道接缝，在所述接缝中加入连接材料并且随后继续使所述型材相互靠近，直到使其切面与连接材料相互粘结地接触，其特征在于，连接材料(14)在粘稠状态下被直接压到该接缝中。
2、如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，连接材料(14)被挤压到该接缝中。
3、如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，连接材料(14)成膜(15)状地被挤压到该接缝中。
4、如权利要求2和3之一所述的方法，其特征在于，把至少两种连接材料(14)共挤压到该接缝中。
5、如权利要求1-4之一所述的方法，其特征在于，将热塑性弹性体(TPE)用作连接材料。
6、如前述权利要求之一所述的方法，其特征在于，超出型材(1)或型材段的切面(4，5)边界的连接材料(14)部分被切掉。
7、如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，当使型材(1)切面(4，5)如此相互接近并因而得到了与连接材料(14)粘结的结构时，切掉超出切面(4，5)边界的连接材料(14)部分。
8、一种实施如权利要求1-7之一所述方法的装置，它具有一对为相互接近而可移动地导向的夹紧座，其中型材被如此嵌到所述夹紧座中，即其预制切面相互靠近，它还具有一个把连接材料加入被嵌放到夹紧座中的型材的相互靠近的切面之间的接缝中的装置，其特征在于，所述的加入连接材料(14)的装置具有一个挤压机(12)以及一个对准接缝的喷嘴(13)。
9、如权利要求8所述的装置，其特征在于，喷嘴(13)成呈膜(15)状地挤压出连接材料的缝隙式喷嘴形状。
10、如权利要求8和9之一所述的装置，其特征在于，每个夹紧座(6，7)具有一对形状配合地容纳所属型材(1)的嵌座(8，8′)和所属的闭合座(9，9′)。
11、如权利要求10所述的装置，其特征在于，夹紧座(6，7)在端面上对齐在接缝闭合时紧贴的闭合面(4，5)并且它们配设有其形状和走向对应于型材(1)轮廓的刃。
CN02105471A 2001-04-06 2002-04-05 对接由弹性体材料制成的型材的方法及装置 Pending CN1380204A (zh)

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