CN1369127A - Electric device and apparatus for charging battery unit, and method for charging and discharging - Google Patents

Electric device and apparatus for charging battery unit, and method for charging and discharging Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1369127A
CN1369127A CN00811163A CN00811163A CN1369127A CN 1369127 A CN1369127 A CN 1369127A CN 00811163 A CN00811163 A CN 00811163A CN 00811163 A CN00811163 A CN 00811163A CN 1369127 A CN1369127 A CN 1369127A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
charging
aforementioned
battery unit
batteries
battery
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Granted
Application number
CN00811163A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN1237681C (en
Inventor
石井广
青木隆
大沼伸人
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Tokyo R&D Co Ltd
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Tokyo R&D Co Ltd
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Publication of CN1369127A publication Critical patent/CN1369127A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/12—Recording operating variables ; Monitoring of operating variables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/51—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by AC-motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/65—Monitoring or controlling charging stations involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B60L58/15—Preventing overcharging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/21—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having the same nominal voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0024—Parallel/serial switching of connection of batteries to charge or load circuit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
    • B60L2240/12—Speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/545—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/547—Voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/549—Current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/80—Time limits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2250/00—Driver interactions
    • B60L2250/10—Driver interactions by alarm
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2250/00—Driver interactions
    • B60L2250/16—Driver interactions by display
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M10/4257—Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/167—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
    • Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
    • Y04S30/14—Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

An electric device comprises a plurality of detachable battery units (2, 3, 4), each consisting of a set of storage batteries (28, 3B, 4B) and storage means (11, 12, 13) storing information about the charge and discharge states of the batteries. Connection means is provided to connect and disconnect an electric device (1) electrically in response to each battery unit being attached or detached. The device includes drive means (9) for driving load, charger means (5) for charging the storage batteries (2B, 3B, 4B) by referring to the information stored in the storage means (11, 12, 13) of the mounted battery units (2, 3, 4), and control means (6) for controlling the power supplied from the individual battery units (2, 3, 4) to the drive means (9) by referring to the above-mentioned information.

Description

The charging device of electric device and battery unit thereof and charging and discharging method
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric energy with battery and be the electric device of motor vehicles such as the electric two-wheel vehicle of power source or electric wheelchair and so on, to the charging device of its battery unit charging usefulness, and the charging and discharging method of this battery unit.
Background technology
As electric two-wheel vehicle or electric wheelchair, by the motor vehicle that carries as the batteries of forming by a plurality of storage batterys of power source.In this motor vehicle, have by electric energy (electric power) and come drive motor from the batteries of being carried, the vehicle that only depends on this actuating force to travel, or, perhaps switch the vehicle of the actuating force of using petrolic actuating force and motor etc. by the actuating force of motor and the vehicle of making a concerted effort to travel of manpower.
Though the storage battery that is equipped on as power source on these vehicles etc. must charge continually,, have from vehicle and take out and the monomer charging method of charging and be equipped on vehicle and the vehicle-mounted charge method of charging as its charging method.
For example, in the electric device of motor vehicle and so on, have sometimes to carry with the weight of vehicle body and compare heavier large-capacity battery.In this occasion,, have any problem so take out or carry battery by manpower because the weight of battery is big.Therefore on vehicle, have charging device, adopt vehicle is moved near the source power supply and the method for charging as electric device.In addition, in the less occasion of the weight ratio of the storage battery that is equipped on vehicle, except storage battery from vehicle takes out, the employing that also has is connected to the charging device of other setting and the method for charging.
Here, use the electric device of prior art of batteries and the charging method of batteries thereof as storage battery with Figure 15 to 20 explanation.
Figure 15 to 17 is the example of battery portion and the fixing electric device that carries of charging device thereof.Any one of its each electric device 200,210,220 all driven and the motor (motor) 205 of the running part of drive wheels etc. constitutes by the charging device 201 that is connected in parallel, battery portion 202, control device 203 and drive unit 204 with by this drive unit.
And these electric devices supply to drive unit 204 to the electric power of the discharge generation of battery portion 202, and drive motor 205 comes running parts such as drive wheels by its power.The action of control device 203 these drive units 204 of control.
Electric device 200 shown in Figure 15 carries a for example group storage battery group 202a of lead accumulator as battery portion 202, is used for electric wheelchair or electric pedal-type motorcycle more.And batteries 202a is the weight of battery portion 202 of the occasion of lead accumulator about 30～60kg that weighs.
Electric device 210 shown in Figure 16 carries plurality of groups of storage batteries group 202a as battery portion 202, and the m that can be connected in parallel is listed as the batteries 202a of n the cell batteries that be connected in series and constitutes battery portion 202.
Electric device 220 shown in Figure 17 carries a plurality of (m) the batteries unit 202b that is connected in parallel as battery portion 202, and this each batteries unit 202b constitutes by n the cell batteries that be connected in series.
The electric device of the object that motor vehicle that these electric devices more than 210,220 are used to work long hours or mobile weight are big, the electri forklift of the electric power source of big capacity of needs or big electric power or electrocar etc.The weight of their battery portions 202 often recuperation surpasses 60kg.
In addition, because these electric device 200,210,220 any charging devices 201 of all charging usefulness for battery portion with 202 lift-launchs of battery portion, so when batteries 202a that gives battery portion 202 or batteries unit 202b charging, this electric device one by one wheel of vehicle move or be transported near the source power supply 100, source power supply 100 is connected to charging device 201, by this charging device 201 charging current is supplied to battery portion 202 and carry out.Perhaps, also can lean on isolated plant that battery portion 202 is taken out and charges from vehicle.
Moreover the electric device 210,220 shown in Figure 16 and Figure 17 also can charge a plurality of each the batteries 202a that constitute each battery portion 202 or each batteries unit 202b and discharge as a unit.
On the other hand, the electric device 300,310,320 shown in each of Figure 18 to Figure 20 (A) does not carry charging device, has the charging device 301 shown in each (B) in garage or maintenance area etc.In addition, though each the battery portion 302 among Figure 18, Figure 19, Figure 20 respectively by with Figure 15, Figure 16, Figure 17 in same batteries 302a or the batteries unit 302b of each battery portion 202 constitute, but become the unit that can install and remove the main body of electric device 300,310,320, be provided with main body between carry out the connector 306a, the 306b that are connected usefulness on electric.Other formation and the electric device shown in Figure 15 to Figure 17 are same.
When the battery portion 302 that can be equipped on these electric devices 300,310,320 charges with installing and removing, this battery portion 302 is taken out and moves from apparatus main body, as shown in Figure 18, Figure 19, Figure 20 each (B), the charging device 301 that is provided with and is connected to source power supply 100 in addition and charging of packing into.
As the batteries 302a or the batteries unit 302b of these battery portions 302,, be equipped on the electric assisted bicycle etc. with low weight NI-G (Ni-Cd) battery in weight 1.8～3.5kg left and right sides for example more.
As this electric assisted bicycle, do not need the battery capacity of so big battery portion or the occasion of supply capability, because the degree of the weight of battery portion for moving by manpower is easy so battery portion is taken out and charges from vehicle.
But, because the battery portion of general electric device has suitable weight, so exist to charging to it, have to electric device (vehicle) itself is moved to the place with power supply that source power supply etc. can charge, or battery portion is transported to the place that has charging device and such inconvenience of charging by certain conveyer.
In addition, above-mentioned each electric device is because one (one group) is only carried in battery portion 202 or 302, if so the electric power storage state of the batteries of battery portion become be lower than fixed setting (depending on the specification of battery or the requirement condition of electric device etc.) and can't using, even then other control device or drive unit can use, electric device itself also can't use.Therefore, if battery portion can take out, have to that then the battery portion that can't use is changed into another battery portion and use.
Perhaps, though being necessary becomes the battery portion charging that is lower than setting and can't uses to the electric power storage state of batteries, unless but in this occasion with the enough big charging device of capacity, existing to being charged to the state that can use electric device needs so for a long time problem.
And then, as the electric device of battery portion shown in aforesaid Figure 17, Figure 18 or Figure 19, Figure 20, the occasion that battery portion constitutes by be connected in parallel a plurality of batteries or batteries unit, make in order not produce the deviation of charge volume in each each batteries or the batteries unit in its parameter income allowed band, it is essential that the mechanism that perhaps controls their usefulness becomes.
In addition, particularly in battery portion, use the occasion of NI-G (Ni-Cd) battery or ni-mh (Ni-MH) battery etc., if owing to recharge and discharge under the shallow state of degree of discharge are used, then produce the so-called memory effect of the capacity minimizing of battery, so it is necessary to prevent that the means of this situation from becoming.
And, the occasion of returning to battery portion from the regenerated electric power of motor even load side, according to the state of battery portion just degree of discharge also be charged to sometimes to impossible, can't store regenerated electric power efficiently.
Therefore, characteristic according to motor vehicle has been proposed, carry the batteries of desired volume with the form of cutting apart, this each batteries can be connected by serial or parallel connection, charge or discharge alone or in combination as required, the heat generation from batteries when making charging and discharging whereby improves, reduce the factor of the hot deterioration that causes, seek the long lifetime of batteries, and then make and easily to learn the remaining capacity of batteries or the electric vehicles power supply method and the device (with reference to Japanese kokai publication hei 9-298805 communique) thereof of charged state.
This motor vehicle, in starting with quicken even load when big, each batteries that is connected in parallel and heavy-current discharge are when even load diminishes during constant speed drive after starting, separately or as required by a plurality of batteries low discharging currents.
These a plurality of each batteries are carried non-contiguously mutually, are fixed on the vehicle.
In addition, the management of each batteries in this motor vehicle serves as basic with the use of the batteries of fully charged state, by a discharge that makes in a plurality of batteries,, the such method of next batteries discharge is carried out if the capacity of this batteries is used up.
So, this motor vehicle makes a plurality of batteries discharges by group, can show the remaining capacity of remaining batteries if this discharge finishes, and can easily learn the remaining capacity of the batteries of whole device whereby.
In addition,, carry out the control of device, so that opposite order is carried out by with discharge the time giving the occasion of this battery charging.That is to say that charging is necessary to proceed to full charging.
But, when needing heavy-current discharge because apply heavy load in the starting of vehicle, when quickening etc., make a plurality of batteries discharges that are connected in parallel respectively, when constant speed drive and so on underload, lean on a plurality of batteries low discharging currents separately or as required, have any problem the such problem of control that to discharge the most efficiently and to charge so exist the accurate management of the remaining capacity of each batteries.
Particularly, use if use recharge and discharge under the shallow state of depth of discharge, then produce the occasion of the batteries of the so-called memory effect that the capacity of battery reduces, though in order to prevent that this memory effect from preferably carrying out at the optimal charge of each batteries discharge control, this control is had any problem.
In addition, the batteries that finishes of discharging discharging into the regulation remaining capacity is taken out from vehicle, when charge by charging device in other places, because the management of battery becomes standardized sequence management, so under the state that takes out batteries, can't confirm its charging and discharging situation, carry out best charging control.
The present invention solves the problem in the electric device of above-mentioned this class prior art, and its purpose is to make the accurate management and the utilization efficiently all the time of battery portion that batteries is set to become possibility.More particularly, its purpose is following enumerate every.
1. make by staff and take out and carrying battery portion becomes easily, eliminate when charging must mobile electric device necessity, and the special Handling device that does not also need conveyance battery portion to use.
2. improve the usability of the battery portion in the electric device, make easy to use.
3. do not need special charging device, the work of electric device is carried out concurrently with charging.
4. can carry out the management of the battery behavior of battery portion, can freely select charging and discharging at this battery behavior.
5. preventing does not need its renewal use Ni-Cd battery and so on to produce the memory effect of occasion of the secondary cell (storage battery) of so-called memory effect as the battery portion of electric device.
6. seek to improve the accuracy of detection of the charging and discharging situation of each batteries in many Battery packs portion.
7. seek the long lifetime of batteries.
Even 8. different types of batteries also can be used in combination.
9. on battery carrier etc., charging device is set, the judicial convenience of seeking to charge, even and battery portion taken out from electric device, also can learn its charging and discharging situation accurately, make best charging control become possibility.
And then, the regenerated electric power from motor even load side being restored to battery portion, can effectively utilize.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides following electric device and to achieve these goals to the charging device of its battery unit charging usefulness and the charging and discharging method of this battery unit.
According to electric device of the present invention, be storing mechanism, be provided with this batteries and storing mechanism are connected the electric device of battery unit of a plurality of terminals of usefulness respectively with on the external electrical with information of the charging and discharging situation that constitutes batteries in couples and store relevant this batteries at least.
The charging mechanism that dress is used to battery charging in also can be in this battery unit.
In addition, the switch that is connected in series with batteries can be set in this battery unit also, also be provided with the terminal that the control terminal of this switch is connected to outside usefulness.
Here, in batteries, comprise the various secondary cells of nickel-cadmium cell or Ni-MH battery and so on.In addition, storage device is EEPROM, flash rom, prepares and carries the nonvolatile memories such as RAM with battery, writes the information of the charging and discharging situation that includes the pass batteries at least in interior various information by being located at battery unit charging mechanism or controlling organization interior or the electric device main body side.In addition, also can write the kind of batteries or the information of characteristic in advance.
No matter be equipped under the state of electric device, still under the free state that takes out, the charging and discharging situation of the batteries of dress in this battery unit can correctly be learnt with reference to being stored in the information in this storing mechanism, it is possible carrying out suitable charging and discharging control all the time.
Can also carry a plurality of battery units that the batteries and the storing mechanism of the information of the charging and discharging situation that stores relevant this batteries at least are set in pairs according to electric device of the present invention with installing and removing, on the battery unit of this each battery unit and apparatus main body side is packed portion into, be provided with the mounting or dismounting of following battery unit carry out with apparatus main body side electric on be connected the bindiny mechanism that separates.
And, have the driving mechanism that drives load in apparatus main body side, with reference to the charging mechanism that is stored in the information accumulators group charging in the storing mechanism of each battery unit that is carried, and control from the controlling organization of this each battery unit to the supply of the electric power of driving mechanism with reference to the information in the storing mechanism that is stored in each battery unit that is carried.
In addition, also the lift-launch that can install and remove is a plurality of batteries, at least storage is about the storing mechanism of the information of the charging and discharging situation of this batteries, and the incorporate battery unit of charging mechanism of using for above-mentioned battery charging, on the battery unit of this each battery unit and apparatus main body side is packed portion into, be provided with the mounting or dismounting of following battery unit carry out with apparatus main body side electric on be connected the bindiny mechanism that separates, have the driving mechanism that drives load in apparatus main body side, control from the controlling organization of this each battery unit to the supply of the electric power of driving mechanism with reference to the information in the storing mechanism that is stored in each battery unit that is carried.
In this occasion, on the charging mechanism of each battery unit, there is cross-reference the information in the storing mechanism of each battery unit that is carried of being stored in to determine the mechanism of charging order.
And then, also can carry the storing mechanism of a plurality of paired formation batteries and the information of the charging and discharging situation that stores relevant this batteries at least with installing and removing, the battery unit of the switch that is connected in series with above-mentioned batteries is set, on the battery unit of this each battery unit and apparatus main body side is packed portion into, be provided with the mounting or dismounting of following battery unit carry out with apparatus main body side electric on be connected the bindiny mechanism that separates, have the driving mechanism that drives load in apparatus main body side, via the charging mechanism of above-mentioned switch accumulators group charging, and control above-mentioned switch via this each battery unit from the controlling organization of batteries with reference to being stored in the information in the storing mechanism of each battery unit that is carried to the supply of the electric power of driving mechanism with reference to the information in the storing mechanism that is stored in each battery unit that is carried.
If use these electric devices, then can carry a plurality of battery units with installing and removing, based on the information of the charging and discharging situation that is stored in the relevant batteries in the storing mechanism that is located on this each battery unit, one or more battery units of selecting to be suitable for discharging make it discharge so that to the drive division supply capability.
In addition, occasion at the battery charging of giving this battery unit also is, can be by being located at the charging device of apparatus main body side, or be located at charging device in each battery unit, perhaps be located at the charging device on charging rack etc., based on the information of the charging and discharging situation of the relevant batteries in the storage device that is stored in this battery unit, while individually or a plurality of battery units are carried out best charging control selectively charge.
In these electric devices, the charging mechanism that is arranged with above-mentioned battery unit branch also can constitute the unit that can install and remove the electric device main body, whereby, can take out this charging mechanism (charhing unit) from electric device with one or more battery units, give the battery charging of battery unit.
And then, these charging mechanisms preferably have the mechanism of information of the charging and discharging situation of the relevant batteries of reading in the storing mechanism that is stored in above-mentioned each battery unit, with in this storing mechanism, write relevant same unit in the mechanism of information of charging and discharging situation of batteries.
In addition, above-mentioned controlling organization preferably has the information of the charging and discharging situation of the relevant batteries of reading in the storing mechanism that is stored in above-mentioned each battery unit also to store the mechanism of maintenance and comes the mechanism of the overall action of control device based on the aforementioned information that storage remains in this mechanism.
And then, storing mechanism that also can above-mentioned each battery unit also stores the information of the characteristic of relevant batteries, above-mentioned charging mechanism has the information with reference to the characteristic that is stored in the relevant batteries in the storing mechanism of above-mentioned each battery unit, at this characteristic to the charge mechanism of control of this batteries.
In addition, above-mentioned controlling organization can have the information with reference to the characteristic that is stored in the relevant batteries in the storing mechanism of above-mentioned each battery unit, controls mechanism from the discharge of this batteries at this characteristic.
In addition, in these electric devices, above-mentioned controlling organization preferably has based on the information that is stored in each battery unit, shows the remaining capacity of the batteries of this each battery unit, is having the occasion that needs the storage batteries group to carry out the mechanism of the demonstration or the alarm of charging requirement.
Charging device according to the present invention has: the storing mechanism of a plurality of paired formation batteries of can packing into and the information of the charging and discharging situation that stores relevant this batteries at least with installing and removing, be provided with respectively the battery unit that is connected a plurality of terminals of usefulness on this batteries and storing mechanism and the external electrical, packing into and the battery unit of the fixed terminal that is connected on above-mentioned a plurality of each terminal the are electric portion of packing into by this battery unit arranged, with above-mentioned each battery unit of portion that this battery unit of packing into is packed into, be stored in the charging mechanism of the information accumulators group charging in the storing mechanism via above-mentioned each terminal reference.
Perhaps, also can have: the storing mechanism of a plurality of paired formation batteries of can packing into and the information of the charging and discharging situation that stores relevant this batteries at least with installing and removing, the switch that is connected in series with this batteries is set, with the battery unit that the control terminal of this batteries and storing mechanism and switch is connected respectively to a plurality of terminals of outside usefulness, have by packing into of this battery unit and undertaken and the battery unit of the fixed terminal that is connected on above-mentioned a plurality of each terminal the are electric portion of packing into, above-mentioned each battery unit with portion that this battery unit of packing into is packed into, via above-mentioned each terminal with reference to the information that is stored in the storing mechanism, via the charging mechanism of above-mentioned each terminal and the charging of switch accumulators group.
Charging and discharging method according to the battery unit in above-mentioned each electric device of the present invention, with reference to the information that is stored in respectively in the storing mechanism, the batteries of a plurality of above-mentioned each battery unit that are equipped on above-mentioned electric device, sequence discharge charges behind the remaining capacity that becomes regulation.
Perhaps, also can the batteries of a plurality of each battery unit that are equipped on above-mentioned electric device, discharge, press the few order charging of remaining capacity with reference to the information that is stored in respectively in the storing mechanism by the order that remaining capacity is many.
In addition, also can the batteries of each battery unit that is equipped on above-mentioned electric device, discharge, if remaining capacity becomes setting with next charging with reference to the information that is stored in respectively in the storing mechanism by the order that remaining capacity is few.
And then, also can be with reference to the information that is stored in respectively in the storing mechanism, the batteries of each battery unit that is equipped on above-mentioned electric device, select one or more battery units to make its each batteries discharge, select remaining one or more battery unit to give its each battery charging.
Brief description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the square circuit diagram of electric device of the battery-mounted unit of expression the 1st embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the square circuit diagram of electric device of the battery-mounted unit of expression the 2nd embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the square circuit diagram of electric device of the battery-mounted unit of expression the 3rd embodiment of the present invention.
To be expression take out charhing unit and a plurality of battery unit and the figure of the connection status of the occasion of charging from the electric device shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 4.
Fig. 5 takes out a battery unit and the figure of the occasion of charging from the electric device shown in Fig. 2.
To be expression take out charhing unit and a plurality of battery unit and the figure of the connection status of the occasion of charging from the electric device shown in Fig. 3 to Fig. 6.
Fig. 7 is the flow chart of the charging action of the battery unit that carries out of the charging mechanism in the electric device shown in the presentation graphs 1.
Fig. 8 is the same flow chart that is connected on thereafter.
Fig. 9 is the flow chart of the action carried out of the control device in electric device when work shown in the presentation graphs 1.
Figure 10 is the same flow chart that is connected on thereafter.
Figure 11 is the flow chart that independently charges and move that the charging mechanism of each battery unit in the electric device shown in the presentation graphs 2 carries out.
Figure 12 is the charging mechanism of each battery unit in the electric device shown in the presentation graphs 2 information of giving and accepting mutually, and order is given the flow chart of action of the occasion of each battery charging.
Figure 13 is the charging mechanism of each battery unit in the electric device shown in the presentation graphs 2 information of giving and accepting mutually, while control the flow chart of action that charging power is given the occasion of each battery charging.
Figure 14 is the same flow chart that is connected on thereafter.
Figure 15 is the block diagram that one of the batteries of prior art and electric device of charging device thereof example is carried in expression.
Figure 16 is another routine block diagram that the electric device of the batteries of prior art and charging device thereof is carried in expression.
Figure 17 is the block diagram of the another example of the expression electric device that carries the batteries of prior art and charging device thereof.
Figure 18 is the block diagram of example of the charged state of charging device that expression is arranged by the electric device branch with the batteries of the carrying prior art batteries of carrying out.
Figure 19 is another routine block diagram of charged state of charging device that expression is arranged by the electric device branch with the batteries of the carrying prior art batteries of carrying out.
Figure 20 is the block diagram of the another example of charged state of charging device that expression is arranged by the electric device branch with the batteries of the carrying prior art batteries of carrying out.
The optimal morphology that carries out an invention
With reference to the accompanying drawings most preferred embodiment of the present invention is described.
Though for according to the electric device of battery-mounted unit of the present invention, the charging device of battery unit and the charging and discharging method of the battery unit in the electric device, roughly be divided into three embodiment and describe in proper order, but the electric device that is primarily aimed at the invention that comprises above-mentioned each category in any one embodiment describes.
Moreover, can carry basically according to electric device of the present invention, batteries and the incorporate in couples battery unit of storing mechanism that stores the information (information that can comprise the characteristic of relevant batteries) of relevant its charging and discharging situation at least with installing and removing.
(the 1st embodiment)
Fig. 1 is the square circuit diagram of electric device of the battery-mounted unit of expression the 1st embodiment of the present invention.
The electric device 1 of present embodiment can carry a plurality of battery units 2,3,4 respectively and to the charhing unit 8 of this each batteries 2B, 3B, 4B charging usefulness with installing and removing on the apparatus main body (not shown).
Each battery unit the 2,3, the 4th, identical formation is the incorporate in couples unit of storing mechanisms such as batteries 2B, 3B, 4B and EEPROM 11,12,13 difference.On the battery unit of each battery unit 2,3,4 and apparatus main body is packed portion's (not shown) into, carry out respectively as the mounting or dismounting of following battery unit 2,3,4 with apparatus main body side electric on be connected the bindiny mechanism that separates, connector Ba1, the Ba2, the Ba3 that are made up of paired terminal respectively are set, connector Bb1, Bb2, Bb3, and connector Bc1, Bc2, Bc3.
Charhing unit 8 is equipped with the charging mechanism 5 of microcomputer in being, with with the unit of the corresponding switch SW 21 of each battery unit, SW22, SW23, and the charhing unit of apparatus main body pack between portion's (not shown), carry out as the mounting or dismounting of following charhing unit 8 with apparatus main body side electric on be connected the bindiny mechanism that separates, connector Cp1, the Cp2, Cp3, Cg1, Cg2, Cg3, Cs1, Cs2, the Cs3 that are made up of paired terminal respectively are set.
And then, main body side at this electric device 1, have the controlling organization 6 of the overall action of control electric device 1, control power supply 7 that is attached thereto and driving mechanism 9, drive by this driving mechanism 9, drive the motor even load 10 of unillustrated running part, and be plugged in from three switch SW 11, SW12, the SW13 of each battery unit 2,3,4 to discharge (power supply) circuit of controlling organization 6 and driving mechanism 9.
And the charging mechanisms 5 in the charhing unit 8 have the charging controlled function of batteries 2B, 3B to each battery unit 2,3,4,4B and the information of each storing mechanism 11,12,13 are read and write-in functions.In addition, controlling organization 6 wherein except overall signal controlling function, has the information of the storage part 11,12,13 of each battery unit 2,3,4 is read and write-in functions too.
Charging mechanism 5 is from the supply of source power supply 100 reception alternating electromotive forces, and direct currentization is transformed into the output voltage that is suitable for charging to its rectification is level and smooth.In addition, read the information etc. of charging and discharging situation of relevant batteries 2B, 3B, 4B and interim storage from the storing mechanism 11,12,13 of a plurality of battery units 2,3,4 of being carried, will be to the battery charging of the charhing unit selected based on this information, connect some among switch SW 21, SW22, the SW23 selectively by switch 2n control signal.
Though Fig. 1 illustrates the example that carries three battery units, just can realize purpose of the present invention as long as carry two above battery units.In addition, though,, outside electric device 1, also can use, also can be located at regularly on the main body of electric device 1 so also can easily take out from electric device 1 because charhing unit 8 also can carry the main body of electric device 1 with installing and removing.
Batteries 2B, the 3B of each battery unit 2,3,4,4B respectively can storage batteries or a plurality of being connected in series of secondary cell obtain.
In each storing mechanism 11,12,13 of each battery unit 2,3,4, store the distinctive information of battery such as rated capacity, temperature characterisitic, preservation characteristics of each batteries 2B, 3B, 4B, with the information of the charging and discharging situation of relevant batteries such as charge volume, discharge capacity, charging and discharging number of times.
So, because each battery unit 2,3,4 has intrinsic information respectively, so the mounting or dismounting of a plurality of each battery unit 2,3,4 are all no problem by which type of order.Be located at switch SW 11, SW12, SW13 SW1n control signal in each supply line between each battery unit 2,3,4 and controlling organization 6 and the driving mechanism 9 by controlling based on the controlled function of controlling organization 6, be switched on (ON) selectively, be used to use of the selection of which battery unit to controlling organization 6 and driving mechanism 9 power supplies.
Controlling organization 6 portion within it has microcomputer, read/coordination of write-in functions by controlled function and information, detect the state of packing into of a plurality of battery units 2,3,4, and read the information that is stored in its inner storing mechanism 11,12,13 and interim storage, select the battery unit that discharged based on this information, control its discharging current and discharge voltage etc., carry out the management of the characteristic of the battery behavior of fit for service battery unit and electric device 1 as required.
And then, also carry out the information of each battery unit of being carried as required, for example other or the overall remaining capacity of a plurality of battery unit of the battery unit that is carried, or in the demonstration of the occasion charging requirement that the battery unit that needs charging is arranged etc. or alarm etc.That is to say that this controlling organization 6 has based on the information in the storing mechanism 11,12,13 that is stored in each battery unit 2,3,4, carry out the overall management of the control of connection/cut-out of control switch SW11, SW12, SW13 and electric device 1 and the function of control.
Control power supply 7 has the occasion at least one electric device 1 of packing into of each battery unit 2,3,4, the function of apparatus for controlling of supply 6 needed electric power.Though also to control power supply 7 supply capabilities, move this moment as required, to controlling organization 6 supply capabilities in the occasion of charging for by charging mechanism 5 at least one batteries of each battery unit.
In addition, this control power supply 7 is in the taking-up of each battery unit 2,3,4 or when the halt instruction etc. of electric device 1 is arranged, to controlling organization 6 supply capabilities, up to controlling organization 6 driving of the load 10 that driving mechanism 9 carries out is stopped, the information such as charging and discharging situation of the batteries of working in the battery unit 2,3,4 are write storing mechanism in each battery unit, and the safety that finishes electric device 1 stops etc. till the necessary processing.
Driving mechanism 9 receives separately or as required the supply of the electric power of their combinations, carries out the driving and the control of motor or actuator, lamp ﹠ lantern even load 10 from a plurality of battery units 2,3,4 that are equipped on electric device 1.
Running parts such as the unillustrated wheel of motor driven of load 10 travel electric device 1.Actuator makes actions such as brake.Lamp ﹠ lantern is lamps such as headlight, taillight or side marker light.
In addition, in the occasion that is necessary to detect charging current or discharging current according to purpose, though do not draw, but for example on the position that can detect charging and discharging, current detecting mechanism is set, obtains the definite information of charging current and/or discharging current whereby at connector Ba2, the Bb2 of battery unit 2,3,4, the connection line of Bc2 etc.
Equally, characteristic according to the batteries of in each battery unit 2,3,4, using, by the voltage detection mechanism of the overall voltage of a plurality of battery cells of detection or this battery pack is set, or detect the temperature testing organization of the overall temperature of battery cell or this battery pack, can obtain at each batteries 2B, 3B in each battery unit 2,3,4, definite voltage or the temperature information of 4B.For these each testing results also can be installed and removed with respect to apparatus main body with each battery unit 2,3,4, need the bindiny mechanism of its holding wire.
Next, the charging action to the battery unit in the electric device shown in this Fig. 12,3,4 describes.
If source power supply 100 or replace its power supply to be fed to the charging mechanism 5 of charhing unit 8, enter the charging action, each storing mechanism 11,12,13 in a plurality of each battery unit 2,3,4 of the microcomputer of charging mechanism 5 visit at first then, whether detect it packs into, and read the information that obtains in the storing mechanism that is stored in the battery unit of being packed into, just this information storage that obtains is remained in the memory that this charging mechanism 5 has if necessary.
Whereby, charging mechanism 5 is understood batteries 2B, the 3B of each battery unit 2,3,4 of the electric device 1 of packing into, the information such as charging and discharging situation of 4B.Then,, select the battery unit of fast end of for example charging, make some connections of switch SW 21～SW23, enter the charging action of batteries of the battery unit of selection by the SW2n signal according to the information of each battery unit 2,3,4 of this understanding.
If the charging of this battery unit finishes, charge information such as temperature writes the storing mechanism of the battery unit that this charging is through with, the next charging that needs the battery unit of charging of beginning during then the increase of charging times, full charge information, accumulative total charge volume, charging.Charging proceeds to till the battery unit that does not need to charge in a plurality of battery units that carried, and these complete charge actions are just finished.
In addition, even the occasion of ending to charge action midway for certain reason in charging, also because same when finishing with charging, being stored in the storing mechanism set in this battery unit that is charging, so when the charging and discharging of this battery unit, can utilize this information up to midway charge information.With regard to above-mentioned charging action, describe with the flow chart of Fig. 7 and Fig. 8.
If the charging mechanism 5 of the charhing unit among Fig. 18 enters the charging action described in the flow chart of Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, then at first as shown in Figure 7, visit the storage device (storing mechanism 11 of battery unit 2 in this example) of the battery unit of the 1st position of packing into, read in the information (data) that is stored in the there.
Then, judge whether these data are normal.Here, circuit is constituted to be unkitted fashionable data at battery unit be zero entirely.In this occasion, also can utilize the mechanism that for example is provided with and confirms to check sum data.
Whether normal judged results of data normal if (being) then setting up battery unit to pack into behind the sign of the 1st position, undesired if (denying) then do nothing, then visit the storage device (storing mechanism 12 of battery unit 3 in this example) of the 2nd position, read in the information (data) that is stored in the there.
Then, judge whether these data are normal.Normal if (being) then setting up battery unit to pack into behind the sign of the 2nd position, undesired if (denying) then the ground of doing nothing, then visit the storage device (storing mechanism 13 of battery unit 4 in this example) of the 3rd position, read in the information (data) that is stored in the there.
Then, judge whether these data are normal.Normal if (being) then, enter the processing of the charging shown in Fig. 8 setting up battery unit to pack into behind the sign of the 3rd position.
If the result whether data are judged normally is undesired (denying), then check and whether set up the sign of packing into, if set up then because battery unit the 1st and/or the 2nd position of packing into, so enter the processing of the charging shown in Fig. 8, if but do not set up, then judge into which position battery unit of also not packing into of packing into, complete charge action here.
Move from the charging shown in Fig. 8, at the sign of packing into a plurality of occasions is arranged at battery unit, based on the information that obtains from each storing mechanism (information of the charging and discharging situation of relevant batteries), select the battery unit of fast end of for example charging, by the SW2n control signal, switch SW 21, SW22, SW23 in the charhing unit 8 shown in the control chart 1 are connected to this battery unit.Whereby, the batteries of the battery unit of selection begins charging.
After beginning charging, though the short of charging halt instruction of ending this charging halfway (cut-out of source power supply or based on the instruction from the charging shut-down operation of unillustrated operation board etc.) just continues charging, proceeding to the full charging finished of charging is normal charging method, but the charge information that charges so far is write the storing mechanism of the battery unit of selecting charging when sending the charging halt instruction halfway and complete charge is moved.
On the other hand, if the batteries of the battery unit of selecting begins charging, then in this charging, lean on the charging controlled function of charging mechanism 5, charge information such as temperature stores maintenance by the storing mechanisms in the charhing unit 8 when being necessary to measure with predetermined accumulative total charge volume of computing or charging with predetermined method according to the battery behavior of the battery unit of selecting.
Then, if the charging of the battery unit of selecting is finished, then its charge information is write the storing mechanism of selected battery unit.Then remove the sign of packing at this battery unit.
Then, judge whether other signs of packing into are set up, if do not set up (if being eliminated) then the complete charge action.But, still having here packs into indicated into the time (when not being eliminated), be restored to the initial step of Fig. 8, repeat above-mentioned processing, select charging in remaining battery unit the battery unit (battery unit of No. 2 charging) of fast end begin charging.Later processing is same with the passerby that battery unit advances who charges at No. 1.
After finishing the charging of this battery unit, when the sign of packing into that also has other battery units is set up, repeat the charging that the batteries of all battery units is finished in same action.
Though be certain thing, according to information, do not need the occasion of the charging of batteries not enter the charging action from the storing mechanism of each battery unit, only remove and pack sign into and finish processing at the battery unit of object.Whereby, can prevent just charging back or under fully charged state, charge once more and make to overcharge and flow through the batteries that does not need the battery unit that charges.
Here, as the information that is stored in the storing mechanism 11,12,13 that is located on each battery unit 2,3,4, be to use the information of relevant charging and discharging situation necessary on the characteristic of the characteristic of battery ( batteries 2B, 3B, 4B) and electric device 1, temperature etc. when temperature, discharge time, accumulated discharge amount, remaining capacity, discharge when for example charging times, full charge information, accumulative total charge volume, charging are arranged.Details about this information is hereinafter addressed.
Next, just the action the during work (driving of load 10) of the electric device 1 shown in Fig. 1 describes.
Three place's battery units of electric device 1 at least one place of portion of packing into if battery unit is packed into then supplies with required power supply from control power supply 7 to controlling organization 6.
If power supply supplies to controlling organization 6, then the controlled function visit that has by controlling organization 6 is located at the storing mechanism 11,12,13 on each battery unit 2,3,4, controlling organization 6 is obtained the information of the required storing mechanism of the discharge of the battery unit whether battery unit pack into and packed into, and the information storage function that has by controlling organization 6 stores and keeps them as required.
By this action, same with aforementioned occasion by charging mechanism 5, understand the battery unit of the electric device 1 of packing into.Though do not draw, if the job requirement signal of electric device 1 is input to controlling organization 6, then controlling organization 6 is selected for example minimum battery unit of remaining capacity according to the needed information of above-mentioned discharge that obtains and keep.In fact, though according to the characteristic of batteries or the characteristic of electric device, the battery unit that selection is discharged describes with the example of selecting the minimum battery unit of remaining capacity in this example.
Then, come diverter switch SW11, SW12, SW13 by the SW1n control signal, according to above-mentioned requirements signal is delivered to driving mechanism 9, for example motor (not shown) that driving mechanism 9 drives as load 10 makes electric device work.
If Fang Dian battery unit becomes predetermined discharge done state selectively, then controlling organization 6 writes discharge information the storing mechanism of this battery unit.Then, according to from the information of the storing mechanism of other battery units of being packed into or the information that has obtained and stored, select the battery unit of next discharge, with the above-mentioned SW11 of diverter switch similarly, SW12, SW13, the battery unit that connects this selection cuts off the battery unit discharged.
In addition, even the occasion that disappears by the job requirement of the electric device 1 of driving mechanism 9 in discharge midway, discharge information also is written into the storing mechanism of the battery unit that is using.
Action when with the flow chart of Fig. 9 and Figure 10 this electric device being worked describes.
Controlling organization 6 among Fig. 1, in the initial step shown in Fig. 9, judge the job requirement whether electric device is arranged, if do not have job requirement then wait for, if have then enter next procedure immediately and the storing mechanism (storing mechanism 11 of battery unit 2 in the example of Fig. 1) of visiting the 1st position, read in its information.Then, judge that it is normal data (information).
Consequently normal if (being) then the memory block of the information storage of the 1st storing mechanism in regulation.In this occasion also be, same with explanation in charging action also can be set up the sign of packing into, whenever the information of storing mechanism for need occasion just visit the storing mechanism of this battery unit.
The result of above-mentioned judgement be undesired (denying) occasion immediately, after the occasion of normal (being) was carried out above-mentioned processing, the storing mechanism (storing mechanism 12 of battery unit 3 in the example of Fig. 1) of then visiting the 2nd position was read in its information.Then, judge that it is normal data (information).
The result of this judgement be undesired (denying) occasion immediately, behind the memory block that the occasion of normal (being) is being stipulated the information storage of the 2nd storing mechanism, then visit the storing mechanism (storing mechanism 13 of battery unit 4 in the example of Fig. 1) of the 3rd position, read in its information.Then, judge that it is normal data (information).
If the result of this judgement is normal (being), then, enter the work disposal shown in Figure 10 the memory block of the information storage of the 3rd storing mechanism in regulation.
Result in above-mentioned judgement is the occasion of undesired (denying), whether judgement has store information in the memory block of regulation, if have then enter the work disposal shown in Figure 10, if but not then judge into the 1st to the 3rd each battery unit of all not packing into of packing in the position, do not finish this processing here.
The processing of the initial step of Figure 10, relatively be stored in the content of the information in the memory block of regulation, select for example minimum battery unit of remaining capacity,, the battery unit of this selection is connected to controlling organization 6 and driving mechanism 9 by SW1n control signal control switch SW11, SW12, SW13.
Then, the batteries of the battery unit of this selection is discharged and supply capability, drive load 10 according to job requirement and make electric device 1 work.The batteries of this battery unit has remaining capacity, this battery unit continuous discharge duration of job requirement.When job requirement disappears, discharge information so far is write the storing mechanism of battery unit of selection after, end process.
In addition, if select battery unit and begin discharge, temperature etc. when then measuring the predetermined accumulated discharge amount of union necessity and discharge according to battery behavior and electric device characteristic with predetermined method by the controlled function of controlling organization 6 in this discharge stores by the information storage function of controlling organization 6 and to keep it.In addition, write the storing mechanism of this selected battery unit as required.
On the other hand, no matter whether this job requirement continues, the battery unit of way selection therein becomes storing mechanism and other storing mechanisms in case of necessity, for example storing mechanism of using in the information storage function that controlling organization 6 has that when discharging the state that finishes discharge information so far is stored in the battery unit of this selection.
Then, inspection is stored in the information in the memory block of aforementioned regulation, judge to have and do not have other battery units that can discharge, occasion end process ' denying ', but when ' being ', turn back to the initial step of Figure 10, repeat above-mentioned processing, in other battery units of being packed into, select the few battery unit of next remaining capacity to make it discharge, the load of job requirement drive is being arranged.
To be expression take out charhing unit 8 and a plurality of battery unit 2,3,4 and the figure of the connection status of the occasion of charging from the electric device shown in Fig. 11 Fig. 4, and it is same that its charging action is moved with aforementioned charging under the state that is equipped on the electric device 1.
Though illustrate in this example charhing unit 8 and three Battery pack unit 2,3,4 are taken out and the state of charging from electric device 1 simultaneously, there is no need necessarily a plurality of battery units that are equipped on electric device 1 all to be taken out simultaneously and charge.
For example, if in being equipped on a plurality of battery units of electric device 1, only the battery unit that the remaining capacity of the battery unit of discharge end or batteries is reduced takes out with charhing unit 8 and charges, and then can use remaining battery unit to make load 10 work according to job requirement till carrying this battery unit again.
In addition, charhing unit 8 is being located on the electric device 1 regularly, carry out the occasion of the charging of battery unit with the state that is equipped on electric device, because be necessary this charhing unit 8 is connected to source power supply 100, so have to electric device 1 itself is stopped at the place that can be connected to source power supply 100, can't use when charging.Thereby, have to charge in obsolete time periods such as nights.
But, if as present embodiment, can both be equipped on the main body of electric device 1 to any one of charhing unit 8 and battery unit 2,3,4 with installing and removing, only charhing unit 8 and the battery unit that needs charging are taken out and charge from electric device 1, then there is no need an electric device 1 and be connected to source power supply, also can use remaining battery unit to drive load as mentioned above even charging, freely travel.
Though but the not shown charhing unit that can install and remove pack into freely this charhing unit 8 and one or more battery units portion and the battery unit portion of packing into of packing into integrally is set with this charhing unit 8, preparation is provided with the charging frame of the connecting line of receiving source power supply, packs into and is provided with that to constitute charhing unit 8 just passable with the fixed terminal (with being connected corresponding to charhing unit 8 each terminal with battery unit 2 grades) that battery unit 2 grades are electrically connected the connector of usefulness in the portion respectively at pack into portion and battery unit of this charhing unit.
So, only this charging of wearing or featuring stage armour is connected to source power supply with the connecting line of frame, the charhing unit 8 charhing unit portion of packing into of packing into, just can finish being connected between each connector between charhing unit 8 and the battery unit of packing into to the battery unit battery unit portion of packing into of packing into fully, begin charging immediately.
Use frame by this charhing unit 8 and charging, can constitute according to charging device of the present invention.Be the occasion of not carrying the charging device in electric device, can be integrated and constitute charging device with frame charhing unit 8 and charging.
(the 2nd embodiment)
Fig. 2 is the square circuit diagram of electric device of the battery-mounted unit of expression the 2nd embodiment of the present invention, gives same label and omits or simplify explanation to them for the part identical with Fig. 1.
The battery unit 22,23,24 of this 2nd embodiment respectively with the battery unit of the 1st embodiment similarly, integrated in couples the storing mechanism 11,12,13 of the information of relevant its charging and discharging situation of batteries 2B, 3B, 4B and storage, and respectively dress and Fig. 1 be located at the same charging mechanism 25,26,27 of charging mechanism 5 on the charhing unit 8.Thereby the battery unit 22,23,24 of this occasion also can be called power subsystem.
And each battery unit 22,23,24 can be equipped in the main body of electric device 1 with installing and removing.On the battery unit of this each battery unit 22,23,24 and apparatus main body is packed portion's (not shown) into, as the mounting or dismounting of following battery unit 22,23,24 and respectively with apparatus main body electric connect from bindiny mechanism, connector Ca1, the Ca2, the Ca3 that are made up of paired terminal respectively are set, connector Cb1, Cb2, Cb3, connector Cc1, Cc2, Cc3.
The electric device 1 of present embodiment is adorned a plurality of battery units 22,23,24 of charging mechanism in carrying respectively, so do not carry the charhing unit 8 among Fig. 1.Other formation, just having controlling organization 6, control power supply 7, come the driving mechanism 9 of drive motor even load 10 according to the requirement of controlling organization 6, and by switch from the SW1n control signal of controlling organization 6 be same on three switch SW 11 using of the battery unit of discharge (power supply), SW12, the SW13 this point with the 1st embodiment.
The charging mechanism 25,26,27 of each battery unit 22,23,24 directly is connected with source power supply 100 respectively, and, constitute respectively with reference to the information in the storing mechanism 11,12,13 that is stored in, the batteries 2B in same unit, 3B, 4B charge same the unit in.Though the example that carries three Battery pack unit is shown, just passable more than carrying two groups.
Next, describe with regard to the action of the charging in the electric device of present embodiment.
If source power supply 100 or replace its power supply to be fed to the charging mechanism 25,26,27 of a plurality of battery units 22,23,24 then enter the charging action.
At first, each battery unit 22,23,24 is visited the storing mechanism 11,12,13 in the same unit respectively, read and be stored in each batteries 2B, the 3B that needs charging, the information among the 4B, need charge then this batteries is begun to charge if judge into batteries same unit in.Then, when this batteries becomes full charging, this charge information is write storing mechanism in the same unit and the complete charge action.
In addition, when the charging action is cut off in charging midway, the occasion of charge information so far and charging end is similarly write storing mechanism in the same unit, can utilize this information when making later charging and discharging.
Above-mentioned charging action is the example that a plurality of battery units 22,23,24 carry out charging process respectively independently.Yet if charge simultaneously in a plurality of battery units, to source power supply 100 or replace the electric power that requires of its power supply to strengthen, for example the occasion at domestic power supply exists the possibility that produces the such problem of circuit breaker group tripping operation.
As the means that address this is that, illustrate with Figure 12 as described later, 25,26,27 of charging mechanisms that have respectively at each battery unit 22,23,24 couple together with unillustrated connector and holding wire, each charging mechanism 25,26,27 leans on the information exchange of this holding wire by way of the information of giving and accepting mutually, determine the order of accumulators group 2B, 3B, 4B charging, it also is possible being controlled to the order charging.
The content of the information that has according to each storing mechanism 11,12,13 how, can prepare required source power supply or replace its power supply, or be taken as with source power supply or replace the electric power of power capacity balance of its power supply to require and carry out the order charging, the charge volume of perhaps controlling a plurality of batteries 2B, 3B, 4B is corresponding with it.
On the other hand, in the present embodiment, owing in each battery unit 22,23,24, connecting batteries 2B, 3B, 4B and charging mechanism 25,26,27 respectively all the time, so be necessary between batteries and charging mechanism, but, seek to prevent to the adverse current of the electric current of charhing unit 25,26,27 from batteries 2B, 3B, 4B though not shownly can plug for example diode or reverse current prevention circuit etc.
Next, with the charging action in above this electric device that illustrates of flow chart detailed description of Figure 11 and Figure 12.
According to the charging action of the flow chart of Figure 11, charge the independently respectively situation of action of the charging mechanism 25,26,27 of each battery unit 22,23,24 shown in Fig. 2 is arranged.
If source power supply 100 or replace its power supply to supply to the charging mechanism 25,26,27 of each battery unit 22,23,24, then this each charging mechanism 25,26,27 enters the charging action shown in the flow chart of Figure 11.Though all carry out same action in which battery unit, the occasion with battery unit 22 is that example describes below.
In battery unit 22, charging mechanism 25 is at first visited storing mechanism 11, judges whether its data are normal.In normal occasion, judge the necessity of the charging of batteries 2B according to the information that obtains from this storing mechanism 11.Then, if judging to become to need charges, then begin the charging of batteries 2B.The halt instruction of short of this charging in back of beginning to charge just continues charging, and whether judging charges finishes, if finish, then at that time charge information is write storing mechanism 11 and complete charge is moved.
Begin the charging action, do not charge action as makeing mistakes when the result of visit storing mechanism 11 is not normal data.In this occasion, after investigating its reason etc. and disposing, entering the charging action again.In addition, the result of necessity who judges the charging of batteries 2B according to the information that obtains from storing mechanism judges when becoming needs charging complete charge action there.
On the other hand, have after beginning to charge when charging the instruction that stops,, also charge information so far is write storing mechanism 11 and the complete charge action midway even in charging.
, if carry out above-mentioned this charging action simultaneously in a plurality of battery units, then as illustrating, require electric power too to strengthen, the circuit breaker group that is located at sometimes in the supply line of source power supply 100 trips.
In order to prevent the generation of this problem, it is just passable to carry out the order charging shown in the flow chart of Figure 12.
In this occasion, the approach of the information of can giving and accepting mutually is set between the charging mechanism 25,26,27 of each battery unit 22,23,24 that is equipped on electric device 1 shown in Fig. 2.Then, each charging mechanism 25,26,27 exchanges the information that obtains from storing mechanism 11,12,13 respectively, can at random determine the charging order of each batteries 2B, 3B, 4B.
For example, the information that obtains based on from each storing mechanism is arranged, obtain the charging necessary amount, carry out time conversion and calculate the necessary charging interval, from method from the short batteries order charging of its necessary charging interval according to the remaining capacity of each batteries.In addition, also have method, perhaps irrespectively give method to the battery charging of battery unit by predetermined order with the size of remaining capacity by few (discharge at most) the order charging of the remaining capacity of each batteries.And then, also have the method that begins the order charging from the big batteries of the charging capacity of time per unit.
In the example shown in the flow chart of Figure 12, in initial step, the charging mechanism 25,26,27 of each battery unit 22,23,24 of being packed into and the charging mechanism of other battery units carry out giving and accepting of information mutually, understand number, the necessity that obtains charging and the information in charging interval of the battery unit of being packed into respectively.
Then, judge the number of the battery unit that needs charging.In the result of this judgement, the number that needs the battery unit of charging is 3 occasion, and a side short from the charging interval selects two battery units, and its each batteries is begun charging.At the battery unit number of needs chargings is not 3 occasion, begins the charging of this battery unit that need charge.
Then, each charging mechanism 25,26,27 also carries out and the giving and accepting of the information of other battery units all the time in charging, obtains the up-to-date information of the charging and discharging situation of relevant batteries mutually.
If the charging halt instruction is arranged in charging, the charging mechanism of the action of then charging writes the storing mechanism of same unit to charge information so far, and complete charge is moved.
Short of charging halt instruction just continues the charging action, judges whether to finish charging.If the result of this judgement does not finish, then between each charging mechanism, carry out giving and accepting of information on one side and continue the charging action on one side.
Finished charging if having, the charging mechanism of then having finished the battery unit of charging writes the charge information that had at that time the storing mechanism of same unit.
Then, based on the mutual information of giving and accepting of each charging mechanism, further whether judgement needs the battery unit that charges, if whether the number that has then turn back to the battery unit that needs charging is 3 judgement, repeat above-mentioned charging action, needs the charging of the batteries of the battery unit that charges.
Then, after finishing this charging, the result who needs charging person's judgement whether is the occasion of ' denying ', judges that the charging of the batteries of all battery units that need is in pairs finished, the complete charge action.
Next with the limit procedure among this 2nd embodiment of flow chart explanation of Figure 13 and Figure 14 about the charging power (charge volume) of charging power control.
In the battery of in constant current charge, detecting as Ni-Cd battery or Ni-MH battery-Δ V or Δ V (high accuracy) peak value, it is difficult suppressing charging current and reducing charging power, but constant voltage constant current charge battery as lithium ion, excide battery reduces charging current and reduces charging power and become easy.
Therefore, in the example of following explanation, can distinguish the kind of battery and suppress charging current (electric power), and then make the detection of charging voltage and charging current become possibility, have the function of calculating charging power.
If the charging power control action shown in each charging mechanism 25,26,27 usefulness source power supplies 100 beginning Figure 13 of a plurality of battery units 22,23,24, then at first pack into the charging mechanism of each battery unit of electric device 1 and the charging mechanism of other battery units carries out giving and accepting of information, obtains the necessity of charging of each battery unit of being packed into and the information in charging interval.
Then, whether need the judgement of the battery unit that charges, when the battery unit that does not need to charge, finish the charging action of all battery units.
When the battery unit that needs charging is arranged, the shortest battery unit of charging interval be no more than from the electric power amount of source power supply, and in the scope of the maximum capacity of charging mechanism, begin charging.
Here the electric power amount of source power supply can be obtained according to the efficient of for example charging voltage and charging current and charging mechanism.Back each charging mechanism of a plurality of battery units that begins to charge comprises the giving and accepting of charge information of the electric power amount of source power supply by its charging controlled function.Then shown in Figure 14 up to the processing that finishes, if owing to repeat above-mentioned processing then carry out and the same processing of occasion, so omit its explanation with the order charging of Figure 12 explanation.
As above explanation, in the present embodiment, all the time carry out giving and accepting of charge information between each charging mechanism 25,26,27, grasp the charge information of all battery units that carried whereby respectively, when batteries 2B, the 3B of each battery unit 22,23,24, some chargings among the 4B are finished, all the time judge to have do not have the next battery unit that needs charging perhaps therein on the way.
Then, when they were arranged, next short battery unit of charging interval was no more than the electric power amount from source power supply 100, and begins charging in the maximum capacity of charging mechanism.
That is to say that the charging mechanism of each battery unit is grasped the charge information of the charging mechanism of other all battery units respectively mutually, can grasp each whereby to source power supply 100 desired total electricities.
By the grasp of this total electricity, each charging mechanism is adjusted the charging power of oneself, makes all the time the ability at source power supply 100 become possibility with interior parallel charging.
For example as lithium ion battery, concerning the occasion of the battery that charges in constant current constant voltage mode, have from constant current, charging power is little when voltage is low, rising charging power increase along with voltage, charging power becomes maximum when entering constant voltage mode under the voltage of defined, reduces such characteristic because of charging current reduces charging power later on.
The characteristic of utilizing this required charging power to change along with charged state makes each charging mechanism action with whole permission electric power of source power supply, and the charging that efficient is high becomes possibility whereby.Though these are descriptions of the battery that just charges in constant current constant voltage mode, even have the battery of other characteristics, also can obtain same effect certainly by the grasp and the charging control of its characteristic.
Though in Figure 13 and example illustrated in fig. 14, be taken as batteries order charging since the shortest battery unit of charging interval, but also can be altered to these from the big battery unit portion charging of charging power, perhaps from little battery unit charging of charging power etc.In any case, by determining can to realize its purpose at the charging order of the characteristic of the battery behavior of batteries or electric device.
Be through with like this to the battery unit of battery charging, at this moment its charging mechanism writes its storing mechanism to charge information by the charging controlling organization and waits by the time the charging of all battery units finishes, and finishes by all chargings, and the charging action is finished.In addition, cut-out by source power supply or charging shut-down operation are charged when being stopped, and having begun the battery unit of charging action and aforementionedly similarly charge information so far are write each storing mechanism and finish.
To be expression take out the Battery pack unit among Fig. 2 and the figure of the charging method of the occasion that the accumulators group is charged from electric device 1 Fig. 5, and the example of battery unit 22 is shown.Be with the charging method difference on the aforementioned electric device 1, not to charge in proper order to each batteries of a plurality of battery units, but respectively each battery unit 22,23,24 is taken out from electric device 1, its charging mechanism 25,26,27 is connected to source power supply 100, charge monolithically for its batteries 2B, 3B, 4B respectively, be equipped on electric device 1 again.
In addition, in the occasion of taking out a plurality of battery units, when being equipped on electric device 1 similarly, if the charging mechanism at each battery unit connects each other so that giving and accepting of charge information becomes possibility, even then when a plurality of battery units were connected to a source power supply conveying end, the parallel charging action in the permission electric power of this source power supply also became possibility.
If use present embodiment, then there is no need charhing unit is equipped on electric device, perhaps be equipped with charging device in addition, so long as source power supply, no matter wherein one by one battery unit ground give its battery charging.In addition, in the occasion of the battery charging of giving a plurality of battery units, can charge or easily carry out charging power control as mentioned above in proper order.
(the 3rd embodiment)
Fig. 3 is the square circuit diagram of electric device of the battery-mounted unit of expression the 3rd embodiment of the present invention, to giving same label with the equal part of Fig. 1, omits its explanation.
The battery unit 32,33,34 of the 3rd embodiment shown in this Fig. 3 is same with the battery unit of the 1st embodiment respectively, integrated in couples the storing mechanism 11,12,13 of the information of relevant its charging and discharging situation of batteries 2B, 3B, 4B and storage, and with batteries 2B, 3B, 4B switch SW a, SWb, SWc are set in series respectively.
These switches can be realized having both and be located at switch SW 21, SW22, SW23 and the switch SW of being controlled by controlling organization 6 11 in the charhing unit 8, the function of SW12, SW13 among Fig. 1, and the cost that can seek product reduces.
And these each battery units 32,33,34 can be equipped on the main body of electric device 1 with installing and removing.This each battery unit 32,33,34 is respectively equipped with the control terminal of the series circuit of batteries 2B, 3B, 4B and switch SW a, SWb, SWc and this each switch SW a, SWb, SWc, and the terminal (terminal of the cell side separately of connector Ba1～Ba6, connector Bb1～Bb6 and connector Bc1～Bc6) that storing mechanism 11,12,13 is connected to outside usefulness.
And, on each battery unit of electric device 1 is packed portion into, be provided with the mounting or dismounting of following each battery unit 32,33,34 and be connected the connector Ba1～Ba6, the connector Bb1～Bb6 that separate and the fixed terminal separately of connector Bc1～Bc6 on above-mentioned each terminal is electric.
The electric device 1 of this 3rd embodiment carries above-mentioned a plurality of battery units 32,33,34, and can carry the charhing unit 18 that is provided with charging mechanism 5 with installing and removing.And then, though having controlling organization 6, control power supply 7 and coming according to the requirement of controlling organization 6 on driving mechanism 9 this point of drive motor even load 10 with the 1st embodiment shown in Fig. 1 is same, does not have to be provided with switch SW 11, SW12, the SW13 that is controlled by controlling organization 6.
This charhing unit 18 is that the charhing unit 8 from Fig. 1 omits switch SW 21, SW22, SW23, respectively the SW control signal is individually outputed to three connector Cr1, Cr2, Cr3, three ground connection side-connector Cg1, Cg2, Cg3 among Fig. 1 are merged into a ground connection side-connector Cg1 person.
In the present embodiment, in each battery unit 32,33,34, switch SW a, SWb, SWc are set respectively, corresponding, the charging mechanism of charhing unit 18 5 is by based on the SW control signal of its charging controlled function switch SW a, SWb, the SWc in each battery unit 32,33,34 of open and close controlling individually respectively.
In addition, controlling organization 6 also is can lean on based on the SW control signal of its controlled function switch SW a, SWb, the SWc in each battery unit 32,33,34 of open and close controlling individually respectively.
Here, has relative importance value from the SW control signal of charging mechanism 5 with from the SW control signal of controlling organization 6 some, the occasion that for example has relative importance value at charging mechanism 5, detect and be connected to the true of source power supply 100 and this information is sent to controlling organization 6, by forbidding output, can guarantee the normal action of three switch SW a, SWb, SWc from the SW control signal of controlling organization 6.
In addition, be provided as the function of control power supply 7, supply with for the controlling organization 6 when certain battery unit carries carries out necessary electric power, the output of the batteries 2B that is not switched, the 3B of battery unit 32,33,34,4B is supplied to the connector circuit of control power supply 7 usefulness.
Charging action in the electric device of this 3rd embodiment, though each switch SW 21, SW22, SW23 in the charhing unit 8 among the 1st embodiment shown in Fig. 1 are being replaced as switch SW a, SWb, the SWc that is located at respectively in each battery unit 32,33,34, and be replaced as the SW2n control signal on the SW control signal this point different, but in addition with the 1st embodiment shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 in charging action be same, so omit its explanation here.
Work (load driving) action that the electric device 1 of this 3rd embodiment carries out, though the switch SW shown in Fig. 1 21, SW22, SW23 are being replaced as switch SW a, SWb, the SWc that is located at respectively in each battery unit 32,33,34, and be replaced as the SW1n control signal among the 1st embodiment (Fig. 1) on the SW control signal this point different, but in addition the action with the electric device 1 of the 1st embodiment shown in Fig. 9 and Figure 10 is same, so omit its explanation here.
Fig. 6 illustrates charhing unit 18 and a plurality of battery unit 32,33,34 is taken out and the state of charging from the electric device shown in Fig. 31.Because this charging action is same with the charging action that the 1st embodiment that illustrates with Fig. 4 carries out, so omit its explanation here.
Moreover, in the battery unit 22,23,24 of the 2nd embodiment shown in Fig. 2 also be, on batteries 2B, 3B, 4B, be arranged to respectively in series to connect/to cut off control switch from the outside, can omit switch SW 11, SW12, SW13 whereby.
Next, just integrated in couples to as maximum characteristic point of the present invention the storing mechanism (memory) of batteries and the information that stores relevant its charging and discharging situation etc., formation battery unit and the effect brought describes.
As the information in the storing mechanism that is stored in battery unit according to the present invention, following all information of the information of the charging and discharging situation that comprises the battery (batteries) in the relevant same unit is at least arranged.
(1) rated capacity of battery, charge characteristic, discharge load characteristic, cycle characteristics, preservation characteristics, battery behaviors such as temperature characterisitic.
(2) charging beginning voltage, charging accumulative total capacity, temperature during charging, discharge accumulative total capacity, temperature during discharge, voltage when discharge finishes, remaining capacity, discharge cycles number, charging and discharging capacity record, charging and discharging experience such as temperature during use.
(3) capacity of battery, charge characteristic, battery behaviors such as discharge load characteristic, and the correction data of the basic constant of using in the management of the battery control etc.
Can store the management information that these battery behaviors cause, the environment record information when battery uses, the update information of each information that the service recorder of battery causes is given the characteristic information of battery with the electric device of influence etc. as required.
So, the present invention is by using in battery unit storing mechanism is integrated, can grasp the state of the battery behaviors such as capacity, charge characteristic, discharge load characteristic of the battery (batteries) in the battery unit all the time.As a result, can obtain following multiple effect.
(1) by the storing mechanism of each battery unit, with (expire) charging fully or charge midway, discharge wait battery midway state irrespectively, the use under remaining capacity is managed becomes possibility, can freely change battery unit.
(2) according to the information of the storing mechanism of each battery unit, from the few battery unit charging of remaining capacity, or from the many battery unit chargings of remaining capacity, perhaps based on the information of revising period, make the utilization rate equalization from the few battery unit charging of charging and discharging period, judgement Deng charging order is possible, can be from user's wish or characteristic person's charging of battery and electric device.
(3) based on the information of the storing mechanism of each battery unit, in the occasion of using the battery that produces memory effect, discharge from the few battery unit of remaining capacity, perhaps according to experience information from being easy to generate the battery unit discharge of memory effect, increase the chance discharge into the discharge end voltage and prevent memory effect, can judge the discharge order that makes utilization rate equalization etc. from the few battery unit discharge of charging and discharging period.
(4) according to the volume change rate of charging and discharging experience information, the duplicate message of charging and discharging etc. automatically upgrade the back charging in the time might producing memory effect, and only the occasion that is lower than setting at remaining capacity is automatically upgraded, and seeks the shortening of update time.
(5) according to charge information and discharge information in the charging and discharging experience information of the storing mechanism of each battery unit, determine the charging and discharging order best, the probability of seeking to increase charging fully whereby and discharging fully, under the segmentation of charging and discharging action, carry out the correction of the remaining capacity management of battery, can improve the accuracy of detection of remaining capacity of the battery of battery unit whereby, the reliable work of electric device becomes possibility.
(6) according to using experience information from the charging and discharging period of the storing mechanism of each battery unit, charging and discharging capacity record etc., the judgement in the life-span of battery becomes possibility, for example from the few battery unit discharge of charging and discharging number of times, the equalization that can seek battery life.
(7) particularly using Ni-Cd, Ni-MH battery etc. to have the occasion of the battery of the characteristic that produces memory effect, based on the discharge end voltage information in the charging and discharging experience information, seek the raising of arrival rate by discharge order to the discharge end voltage, begin discharge from the battery unit that is easy to generate memory effect, can avoid memory effect whereby.
(8) based on from battery behavior information such as the rated capacity of the battery of the storing mechanism of battery unit, discharge load characteristics, with charging and discharging experience information and correction data etc., though management is the still different battery of capacity between each battery unit of congener battery, the different capabilities battery can mix use whereby.
(9) even in the formation of a plurality of battery units, the occasion of the battery unit mixing of xenogenesis battery is set, also based on battery behavior information, the charging and discharging experience information of the storing mechanism of each battery unit and revise data etc., management each battery separately, the xenogenesis battery can mix use whereby.
(10) battery (batteries), with storage batteries characteristic information or charging and discharging experience information and to revise the storing mechanism of information such as data integrated in pairs and make the unit that can install and remove in electric device, whereby because the generalization of battery unit becomes possibility in having the electric device of a plurality of battery units, so can seek the judicial convenience of the battery charge of carrying out with battery carrier etc.
(11) in the occasion of using motor, by partly being slit into a plurality of battery, and it is integrated battery portion and storing mechanism, its regenerated electric power is supplied to the dark battery of depth of discharge of the battery unit of lift-launch, the recovery of bigger whereby regenerated electric power becomes possibility, can seek the raising of organic efficiency.
(12) by carrying the battery unit of a plurality of necessary capacity, even only depend on single battery unit also can make electric device work, even and this battery unit working and also can give other battery units chargings.
(13) in the occasion that charging mechanism is arranged at integratedly each battery unit, charging becomes possibility in the time of each battery unit, can seek the shortening in charging interval.
Industrial applicibility
As described above, if use the present invention, then can use easily, and efficient height all the time Ground utilizes the battery section of the drive energy that becomes the electric devices such as electric two-wheel vehicle or electric wheelchair.
That is to say, carry out easily artificial taking-up and the carrying of battery section, there is no need certain during charging Electric device is moved to the place that can be connected to source power supply, and the spy that uses of conveyance battery section Other Handling device also becomes unwanted.
In addition, do not need special charging device, the parallel electric device that many Battery packs section is set Work and the charging of battery section also become possibility. And then the management of the battery behavior of battery section is Possible, can freely select for its each battery behavior the charging and discharging of many Battery packs section. Cause And, even using, different types of battery combination also becomes possibility.
Can prevent from using Ni-Cd battery and so on to produce so-called memory as the battery section of electric device The memory effect of the occasion of the secondary cell of effect (battery), it also is possible not needing its renewal . Can seek whereby the long lifetime of battery.
In addition, at battery carrier etc. the judicial convenience that charging device can be sought to charge is set, even because Battery section is taken out from electric device, also can learn accurately its charging and discharging situation, institute Become possibility with all the time best charging control.
And then, the regenerated electric power from motor even load side is restored to battery section efficiently, also can To effectively utilize.

Claims (19)

1. electric device, wherein: have the storing mechanism of the information of the charging and discharging situation that constitutes batteries in couples and store relevant this batteries at least, be provided with aforementioned batteries and storing mechanism are connected the battery unit of a plurality of terminals of usefulness respectively with on the external electrical.
2. electric device, wherein: have batteries and to store the storing mechanism and the charging mechanism used to aforementioned battery charging of information of charging and discharging situation of relevant this batteries at least integrated, be provided with aforementioned batteries, storing mechanism and charging mechanism are connected the battery unit of a plurality of terminals of usefulness respectively with on the external electrical.
3. electric device, wherein: have the storing mechanism that constitutes the batteries and the information of the charging and discharging situation that stores relevant this batteries at least in couples, be provided with the switch that is connected in series with aforementioned batteries, the control terminal of aforementioned batteries and storing mechanism and aforementioned switches is connected the battery unit of a plurality of terminals of usefulness respectively with on the external electrical.
4. an electric device is characterized in that,
Can carry a plurality of battery units that the batteries and the storing mechanism of the information of the charging and discharging situation that stores relevant this batteries at least are set in pairs with installing and removing,
On the battery unit of this each battery unit and apparatus main body side is packed portion into, be provided with the mounting or dismounting of following the aforementioned electric pool unit and apparatus main body side carry out electric connect from bindiny mechanism,
Have the driving mechanism that drives load at the aforementioned means main body side,, and control from the controlling organization of this each battery unit to the charging mechanism of aforementioned battery charging with reference to the information in the aforementioned storing mechanism of aforementioned each battery unit that is carried of being stored in to the supply of the electric power of aforementioned driving mechanism with reference to the information in the storing mechanism that is stored in aforementioned each battery unit that is carried.
5. an electric device is characterized in that,
Can carry a plurality of storing mechanisms of information that are provided with batteries and store the charging and discharging situation of relevant this batteries at least with installing and removing, and the battery unit of the charging mechanism of using to aforementioned battery charging,
On the battery unit of this each battery unit and apparatus main body side is packed portion into, be provided with the mounting or dismounting of following the aforementioned electric pool unit and apparatus main body side carry out electric connect from bindiny mechanism,
Have the driving mechanism that drives load at the aforementioned means main body side, control from the controlling organization of this each battery unit to the supply of the electric power of aforementioned driving mechanism with reference to the information in the storing mechanism that is stored in aforementioned each battery unit that is carried,
On the charging mechanism of aforementioned each battery unit, there is cross-reference the information in the storing mechanism of aforementioned each battery unit that carries of being stored in to determine the mechanism of charging order.
6. an electric device is characterized in that,
Can carry a plurality of storing mechanisms of information that batteries are set and store the charging and discharging situation of relevant this batteries at least with installing and removing, and the battery unit of the switch that is connected in series with aforementioned batteries,
On the battery unit of this each battery unit and apparatus main body side is packed portion into, be provided with the mounting or dismounting of following the aforementioned electric pool unit and apparatus main body side carry out electric connect from bindiny mechanism,
Have the driving mechanism that drives load at the aforementioned means main body side, give the charging mechanism of aforementioned battery charging with reference to being stored in the information in the aforementioned storing mechanism of aforementioned each battery unit that is carried via aforementioned switches, and control aforementioned switches via this each battery unit from the controlling organization of aforementioned batteries to the supply of the electric power of aforementioned driving mechanism with reference to the information in the storing mechanism that is stored in aforementioned each battery unit that is carried.
7. according to the electric device described in the claim 4, it is characterized in that,
Aforementioned charging mechanism constitutes the unit that can install and remove with respect to aforementioned electronic apparatus main body.
8. according to the electric device described in the claim 6, it is characterized in that,
Aforementioned charging mechanism constitutes the unit that can install and remove with respect to aforementioned electronic apparatus main body.
9. according to any one the described electric device in the claim 4 to 8, it is characterized in that,
Aforementioned charging mechanism have the charging and discharging situation of reading the relevant at least aforementioned batteries in the aforementioned storing mechanism that is stored in aforementioned each battery unit information mechanism and in this storing mechanism, write to the mechanism of information of the charging and discharging situation of the aforementioned batteries in the same unit, rare pass.
10. according to any one the described electric device in the claim 4 to 8, it is characterized in that,
Aforementioned controlling organization has the information of reading in the aforementioned storing mechanism that is stored in aforementioned each battery unit to come the mechanism of the overall action of control device.
11. the electric device according to described in the claim 4 to 8 any one is characterized in that,
The aforementioned storing mechanism of aforementioned each battery unit also stores the information of the characteristic of relevant aforementioned batteries, aforementioned charging mechanism has the information with reference to the characteristic of the relevant aforementioned batteries in the aforementioned storing mechanism that is stored in aforementioned each battery unit, at the mechanism of this this batteries of characteristic charging control.
12. any one the described electric device according in the claim 4 to 8 is characterized in that,
The aforementioned storing mechanism of aforementioned each battery unit also stores the information of the characteristic of relevant aforementioned batteries, aforementioned controlling organization has the information with reference to the characteristic of the relevant aforementioned batteries in the aforementioned storing mechanism that is stored in aforementioned each battery unit, at the mechanism of this Characteristics Control from the discharge of this batteries.
13. any one the described electric device according in the claim 4 to 8 is characterized in that,
Aforementioned controlling organization has based on the information that is stored in aforementioned each battery unit, shows the remaining capacity of the batteries of this each battery unit, is having the occasion that needs the storage batteries group to carry out the mechanism of the demonstration and/or the alarm of charging requirement.
14. a charging device is characterized in that, has:
A plurality of battery units of can packing into with installing and removing, have by packing into of this battery unit and the battery unit of the fixed terminal that is connected on aforementioned a plurality of each terminal the are electric portion of packing into, this battery unit constitutes batteries in couples and stores the storing mechanism of information of the charging and discharging situation of relevant this batteries at least, and is provided with aforementioned batteries and storing mechanism are connected a plurality of terminals of usefulness respectively with on the external electrical; With
To pack into aforementioned each battery unit of portion of this battery unit of packing into, give the charging mechanism of aforementioned battery charging with reference to the information in the aforementioned storing mechanism of being stored in via aforementioned each terminal.
15. a charging device is characterized in that, has:
A plurality of battery units of can packing into with installing and removing, have by packing into of this battery unit and undertaken and the battery unit of the fixed terminal that is connected on aforementioned a plurality of each terminal the are electric portion of packing into, this battery unit constitutes the storing mechanism of the batteries and the information of the charging and discharging situation that stores relevant this batteries at least in couples, and the switch that is connected in series of setting and aforementioned batteries and a plurality of terminals that the control terminal of aforementioned batteries and storing mechanism and aforementioned switches are connected respectively to outside usefulness; With
To pack into aforementioned each battery unit of portion of this battery unit of packing into, with reference to the information that is stored in the aforementioned storing mechanism, give the charging mechanism of aforementioned battery charging via aforementioned each terminal and aforementioned switches via aforementioned each terminal.
16. a charging and discharging method is according to the charging and discharging method of the aforementioned electric pool unit in any one the described electric device in the claim 4 to 8, it is characterized in that,
With reference to the information that is stored in the aforementioned storing mechanism, the batteries of aforementioned each battery unit that carries, sequence discharge charges behind the remaining capacity that becomes regulation.
17. a charging and discharging method is according to the charging and discharging method of the aforementioned electric pool unit in any one the described electric device in the claim 4 to 8, it is characterized in that,
With reference to the information that is stored in the aforementioned storing mechanism, the batteries of aforementioned each battery unit that carries, press the many sequence discharges of remaining capacity, press the few order charging of remaining capacity.
18. a charging and discharging method is according to the charging and discharging method of the aforementioned electric pool unit in any one the described electric device in the claim 4 to 8, it is characterized in that,
With reference to the information that is stored in the aforementioned storing mechanism, the batteries of aforementioned each battery unit that carries, press the few sequence discharge of remaining capacity, if remaining capacity is lower than just charging of setting.
19. a charging and discharging method is according to the charging and discharging method of the aforementioned electric pool unit in any one the described electric device in the claim 4 to 8, it is characterized in that,
With reference to the information in the aforementioned storing mechanism that is stored in aforementioned each battery unit that carries, select one or more battery units to make its each batteries discharge, select remaining one or more battery unit to give its each battery charging.
CNB008111634A 1999-08-03 2000-07-31 Electric device and apparatus for charging battery unit, and method for charging and discharging Expired - Fee Related CN1237681C (en)

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