CN1354112A - Offshore platform - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention adopts corrosion preventing technology and utilizes cheap reinforced concrete or metal material to manufacture basic bolck, then utilzies the building block system method to splice-combine them into offshore platform which can be placed on any sea area, and whose area can be up to several square kilometres and whose effective load can be up to several ten of billions tons. The stabilizing body, auxiliary float, safety float and form control system placed on the platform can make it possess real-time automatic compensation function of buoyant force, and obtain never-sinking safety and good resistance to wave, and can keep stable form of a long period in the 40-5 m. angry waves.

Description

Offshore platform

The present invention relates to permanent quiet reliable basis carrier---the offshore platform that is on the waves surging turbulently sea of energy that the mankind conquered and developed the ocean.As everyone knows, land area is only taken up an area of 29 percent of ball face area, wherein has the land more than 1/3rd to be the human desert belt that is difficult to survive again.In addition, in adapting to the land area less than earth surface percentage 20 of human survival, being in the coastal land of height above sea level below 65 meters is again human at present very important economic distributed areas; Because human a large amount of discharging can form the gases such as carbon dioxide of green-house effect, cause the increase of disastrous weather, with regard to China, the flow that rises in the Yellow River, the Changjiang river obviously reduces, cutout day in the Yellow River year was up to more than 280 days, more than 400 the city serious water shortage in the north, northern large-area sandstorm frequently occurs; With regard to the whole world, the glacier in area such as the South Pole quickens to melt, and since the industrial revolution, the sea has raise 25 centimetres, and this is an apodeictic fact.If continue like this, the ice cap of terrestrial pole is fusing all, to rise about six or five ten meters in the sea, this means that human employed very bustling richly endowed a slice soil at present will all sink to the seabed, and this makes the matter worse concerning existent environment of people beyond doubt.In order to break away from above-mentioned predicament, the mankind more should challenge to the ocean, and then conquer the ocean except will controlling the discharging that causes greenhouse gases, and the ocean is become oneself more wide living space.Obtained today of tremendous development in science and technology, the mankind have found to compare neutron aspect microcosm, deeper quark such as proton, whole collection of illustrative plates sketches of human gene aspect biology, have been drawn out, the earth can fly out aspect space flight, the solar system flies out, fly to the vertical-depth in universe, aspect engineering, carry out the construction of the such giant-scale engineering in power station, the Yangtze River Gorges and making the super computer that arithmetic speed reaches per second more than several ten thousand hundred million times, but obtain marine product and provide shipping convenient such primary stage utilizing also to rest on substantially aspect the ocean, especially utilize the ocean as human another fixedly on this problem of living space, also be to adopt to reclaim land from the sea basically, the ancient method of keeping outside the door in these seas of marine reclamation land; The international airport in the Macao of blocking extra large embankment and China of famous Holland all is an instantiation of using these ancient methods.Obviously this ancient and expensive method is to be difficult to adapt to the tight pretty fact that rises year by year in the sea, more can not be adapted to the zone, deep-sea; Although also do not obtaining great progress aspect this at present, can the mankind also still do unremitting effort for this reason, floating type flat-bed structure according to one of report marine city design plan in the Chinese Central Television's the 7th channel science and technology video display gallery program can be known, a kind of offshore platform wherein has a rectangular base plate under water, several thick pillars stand on this base plate and are supporting offshore platform, four jiaos of negative are provided with four huge ferro-concrete gas tanks to provide whole platform needed buoyancy, and platform makes it be fixed on the predetermined maritime area by anchor system; Clearly, adopt this structure, if gas leakage takes place in one of them gasing tank during loss of buoyance, then be difficult to carry out on-the-spot real-time remedial measures, the also very easy danger of toppling of platform, in addition, even gas tank is all air tight, also be easy to produce under the effect of the travelling load on wind-force or platform (unloading goods operation etc. during equipment or at the enterprising luggage of platform) as driving vehicle, resettlement, make platform lose normal plateau, this structure also is not easy to constitute bigger platform.Another program of introducing in same program is to adopt piling or on-the-spot method of building stake to build foundation pile formula offshore platform in the neritic area, and this method need be avoided atrocious weather and will expend a large amount of on-site construction times when construction, causes efficient low-cost high.

The objective of the invention is provides failure-free carrier---offshore platform for the mankind conquer and develop the ocean.It can be divided into semisubmersible raft and implantation formula fixed platform two big classes.The semisubmersible raft is made of the semisubmersible basic block, and implantation formula fixed platform is made of implantation formula basic block.Implantation formula fixed platform can be fixed in the sea area of any degree of depth, and it is not subjected to the influence of morning and evening tides and wave, has very high vertical degree of stability and horizontal stable degree, is particluarly suitable for the occasion that profound marine site but will obtain high stability.The semisubmersible raft can both safety in neritic area and zone, deep-sea, for a long time, bear the impact of four or the five ten meters very high sea in violent typhoon center reposefully, and have the splicing-in of convenience and become very large tracts of land and can carry big load, durable in use, simple in structure, make easily, with low cost, be convenient to field maintemance, stablize buoyancy support (promptly having real-time self-regeneration function) and wait this a series of advantages with self providing in real time: utilize the semisubmersible basic block by cordwood splicing easily structure be connected into have little of tens sq ms, greatly to tens square kilometres even hundreds of, several thousand square kilometres area waterborne and capacity weight amount can reach tens of, tens billion of tons semisubmersible raft.These can steadily defeat the offshore platform of four or five ten meters very high sea because the buffering of seawater is arranged, violent earthquake is very little to its influence, the flood of land, arid, disasteies such as mud-rock flow have no chance with it especially, and for the same fire that may occur everywhere with land this " uninvited guest ", the fire appliance of the offshore platform then water of available abundance is drived out of the door it, therefore, they for realize utilizing the ocean abundant resource and the ocean become human second more wide, more comfortable, this wonderful dream of safer living space provides a real failure-free foothold.The 21st century that will arrive will be the human blue-revolution epoch of developing the ocean beyond example on a large scale at once.

For achieving the above object, the present invention's method of adopting modular system is utilizing ferro-concrete, metal, and material such as compound and come splicing-in to become offshore platform in conjunction with the aseptic technic basic block that manufacturing has a splicing-in limit with anti-marine life attachment techniques; Basic block wherein has two major types, and a class is the semisubmersible basic block, and another kind of is implantation formula basic block; Constituting every kind of basic block of flat-bed both can adopt incorporate mode to make, also can adopt various building blocks unit to come splicing-in to form than the also low level of element body piece, the outside of each basic block and building blocks unit all is provided with some splicing limits that not only had crossbeam function or pillar function but also had the splicing function, the splicing limit both can be linearly, also can be the joinery and its construction shape, all right indentation, have the vertical splicing of the general designation limit, splicing limit of pillar function concurrently, it all is on each horizontal splicing-in limit of basic block (or building blocks unit), and having the splicing limit general designation level splicing limit of crossbeam function concurrently, it generally is that floor collar tie beam as building is distributed on basic block upper and lower side and middle each position; Each basic block and building blocks unit both employing level separately splicing limit or the vertical limit of splicing, also can adopt these two kinds splicing limits simultaneously, all be provided with lockout mechanism between some basic blocks that make corresponding splicing-in (or building blocks unit) indissociable (unit) on the border of splicing-in; The semisubmersible basic block constitutes the floating type offshore platform, and implantation formula basic block constitutes implantation formula offshore platform; The profile of semisubmersible basic block all is the prism shape, preferably be the 12 prism shapes (being called for short sharp Y type) of positive hexagonal prism shape, tip Y type, the 18 prism shapes (being called for short flat Y type) and the four prisms cylinder shape of tack Y type, the solid of the 12 prism shapes that 12 prisms of its sharp head Y type are composited by the mode that a public rib is arranged by three identical positive hexagonal prisms, the housing of the cross-sectional plane that this is three-dimensional is the Y-shaped equilateral protruding dodecagon of profile, and each bifurcated of Y font is mutually 120 degree, and the top of each bifurcated is the wedge angle of 120 degree; 18 prisms of tack Y type are composited as follows by four identical positive hexagonal prisms, be the center promptly with a positive hexagonal prism, then on three cylinders of 120 degree of being separated by all each with a cylinder on the mode that coincides of two corresponding edges splice a positive hexagonal prism identical with the center prism, thereby constitute one 18 prism, the housing profile of its cross-sectional plane is equilateral protruding ten octagons, its profile also is the Y shape, three bifurcateds of Y word also distribute in the mode that is mutually 120 degree angles, and in fact each bifurcated of Y word and point of crossing are exactly a complete regular hexagon; Preferably adopting vertical projection profile and cross-sectional profiles in the basic block of four prisms cylinder shape all is these two kinds of four prisms cylinder basic blocks of rectangle or isosceles trapezoid, vertical projection is that the semisubmersible basic block of rectangle is mainly used to structure and connects rectangular platform, vertical projection is that the semisubmersible basic block of isosceles trapezoid is mainly used to structure T-Ring shape or garden shape platform, positive hexagonal prism shape the semisubmersible basic block can be used to the platform that structure is connected into different shape, the netted platform of a lot of meshes is arranged in the middle of these several semisubmersible basic blocks can be used for constituting; The bottom of semisubmersible basic block is the buoyance lift spare that produces buoyancy, the relation that slip into depth D and design-calculated the fully developed sea vertical discrepancy in elevation of trough (crest with) H of buoyance lift spare top in water is: the dark D that dives is greater than or equals 0.5 times (diving depth of buoyance lift spare is controlled by attitude control system) of fully developed sea, the centre of piece is the strut member that stands on above the buoyance lift spare as studdle, the height of strut member is more than or equal to fully developed sea and platform bottom security personnel's buoyancy aid height sum, and the top of piece is the platform that impacted by any top of the waves by supports support; Active service buoyancy aid that buoyance lift spare is fixed by buoyance lift spare framework with by buoyance lift spare framework and the standby buoyancy aid that can produce buoyancy are at any time formed, active service buoyancy aid in the buoyance lift spare can adopt any in discrete buoyancy aid, integrated buoyancy aid, permanent buoyancy buoyancy aid, inner tube of a tyre formula buoyancy aid, the compound buoyancy aid or their various combinations, and standby buoyancy aid can adopt any buoyancy aid except that permanent buoyancy buoyancy aid; The salable shell of these buoyancy aids can be used ferro-concrete, metal, rubber, material such as plastics and compound is made, discrete buoyancy aid has a stand-alone shell, has only the salable cavity that to store air or permanent buoyant material in the shell, integrated buoyancy aid has an independently shell, but but the salable cavity of a plurality of separate, stored air or permanent buoyant material is arranged in the shell, permanent buoyancy buoyancy aid is filled discrete buoyancy aid or the integrated buoyancy aid that obtains constant buoyancy for using than water light and impermeable again permanent buoyant material in the inner chamber that contains at shell, inner tube of a tyre formula buoyancy aid in sealable inner chamber again lining go into and the discrete buoyancy aid or the integrated buoyancy aid of the inner tube of a tyre that separately can stored air, compound buoyancy aid is that a part of space is used than the light and impermeable permanent buoyant material of water and filled in the salable inner chamber, another part space serves as a contrast into the discrete buoyancy aid of the inner tube of a tyre or integrated buoyancy aid; Both can adopt buoyancy aid and buoyance lift spare framework clutch removable mode easy to replace and maintain easily being connected between buoyancy aid and the buoyance lift spare framework, also can adopt the non-dismounting mode that framework firmly links to each other between buoyancy aid and buoyance lift, when adopting removable connection mode between buoyancy aid and the buoyance lift spare framework, the radical of being, cassette are arranged again, reach lock top these three kinds of connection modes of formula, corresponding buoyancy aid has the radical of being buoyancy aid, cassette buoyancy aid again, reaches lock top buoyancy aid; Marine flat netted liptinite or the column liptinite of using of floating type obtains to stablize buoyancy, make platform bigger inclination not occur, be provided with security personnel's buoyancy aid that safety control can be provided to platform in the raft bottom, on platform, also be provided with prevent anchor system that platform drifts about significantly and at any time each position of monitoring platform ANOMALOUS VARIATIONS and make platform recover the posture monitoring system of normal attitude, wherein posture monitoring system comprises sensor subsystem again, compressed air sub-system, vector propeller subsystem and the master control system of forming by micro computer, and include the water level detector that reflects intact situation of buoyancy aid and buoyancy size in the sensor subsystem, the pressure sensor of each site pressure of reflection compressed air system, the aspect sensor of reflection vector propeller thrust direction, the strain sensor of the sea instrument of each position sink-float situation of reflection platform and reflection platform frame member strained situation; Each implantation formula basic block all is a fixedly offshore platform pillar of the energy implantation formula of standing firm on ready-made sea bed, its trunk in a tubular form, the interior dividing plate that just is provided with separated by a distance of pipe, therefore trunk has and the on all four structure of bamboo pole, the trunk outside face is distributed with the multilayer and the trapezoidal or rectangle splicing-in chain-wales of axis normal wherein, be provided with around the chain-wales and be convenient to interblock splicing-in splicing limit, the bottom of trunk is the pedestal with a lot of cup-shaped suckers, the offshore platform that the trunk top is supported far exceeds design-calculated fully developed sea, the buoyancy that the seal chamber that forms between each adjacent separator in the trunk produces can be controlled by the platform posture monitoring system respectively, be equiped with the additional buoyance lift spare of rectifiable platform inclination and increase platform load between each shape chain-wales of trunk ladder, additional buoyance lift spare is in than in the also dark water of the maximum trough of design-calculated, implantation formula offshore platform is equiped with anchor system, by compressed air sub-system, sensor subsystem, the vector propeller subsystem, the posture monitoring system that vertical detection instrument and micro computer are formed, implantation formula flat-bed attitude control system makes platform maintain stable vertical state always; The ballast basket is set and increases the method for buoyance lift spare buoyancy at position again by bottom a little less than trough at implantation formula basic block, and floating type basic block bottom is provided with " long leg " of band ballast basket, and the buoyancy of adjusting the ballast amount that is pressed in basket and additional buoyance lift spare can make the center of gravity of implantation formula platform and raft be lower than center of buoyance and become the floating offshore platform of " tumbler " formula; Making above-mentioned these basic blocks can adopt staged to concentrate the multiple technologies schemes such as water track, dry dock, floating drydock down of water track, dispersion down; The various offshore platforms that utilize said method to make, can install the application body waterborne and the submersible service body that can produce various actual values, that is to say and use offshore platform can be used for building various factories, mining firm, the agriculture and animal husbandry field, residential development, school, hospital, villa, the holiday village, recreation ground, the hotel, the warehouse, adrm, satellite launch site, the marine satellite TT﹠C station, marine product plant, ocean depot, seawater desalting plant, sewage treatment plant, the high yield saltern, the oil production platform, bridge spanning the sea, break-water, superport, the artificial harbour of refuge of big midocean, sea green energy resource development device system, the pipeline of communications and transportation under water that is equivalent to conventional subway, the speed per hour that suspends in water reaches more than 10,000 kilometer hyper-speed vacuum tunnel traffic system, can stand the polar expedition station of sea area, polar region floating ice extruding, marine city and carry out the fabricate block that different combinations forms by above-mentioned various uses.

In order to describe in detail, to constitute floating offshore platform of above-mentioned semisubmersible and implantation formula fixedly the component part of offshore platform division is as follows one by one.

The semisubmersible basic block is the basic element of character that constitutes the floating offshore platform of semisubmersible (abbreviation raft), and each semisubmersible basic block in fact is exactly a little semisubmersible raft.The appearance profile of semisubmersible basic block commonly used has the four prisms cylinder of being shape and is positive hexagonal prism shape two big classes, wherein appearance profile is that preferably to adopt vertical projection in the basic bulk of four prisms cylinder shape be these two kinds of four prisms cylinder shape basic blocks of rectangle or isosceles trapezoid, in appearance profile is this class basic block of positive hexagonal prism shape positive hexagonal prism basic block is arranged again and by three kinds on derivative sharp Y type of positive hexagonal prism type basic block and flat Y type etc.Above-mentioned every kind of semisubmersible basic block all includes the buoyance lift spare that is in the bottom and produces main available buoyancy (comprise depend on the buoyance lift spare can completely be included into buoyance lift spare in this for the submersible service body that reaches other useful value) usually, stand on strut member on the buoyance lift spare top, and by these several sports of above water platform (comprise and being arranged on the platform) of supports support above tide to reaching the application body waterborne of other useful value, (but some has only the basic half submerged body piece of submersible service body can not have these two of strut member and above water platforms).Wherein, can stably dive under the control of platform monitoring system in the water of the degree of depth more than or equal to 0.5 times of fully developed sea in the top of buoyance lift spare, and the height of strut member is more than or equal to security personnel's buoyancy aid height sum of fully developed sea and device and platform bottom.Every kind of basic half submerged body piece all can adopt integrated mode or cordwood system to make.Incorporate mode is exactly these several sports of the buoyance lift spare of each basic half submerged body piece, strut member and above water platform to be fused to make in factory.Cordwood system is exactly in factory the buoyance lift spare of basic half submerged body piece, strut member and these several of above water platforms to be made corresponding less buoyance lift spare building blocks unit, strut member building blocks unit and above water platform building blocks unit respectively by functional requirement, or strut member and above water platform fused to make supports and platform building blocks unit.The same with this carrier is carrier of the floating offshore platform of semisubmersible, the various application bodies (application body waterborne, submersible service body) that depend on carrier is carrier also can splice with the mode of using volume wood unit.In buoyance lift spare, if when requiring to bear very big load capacity, buoyance lift spare itself can also adopt a plurality of buoyance lift spare building blocks of modular system splicing-in unit to obtain bigger buoyancy.The buoyancy that buoyance lift spare had passes to above water platform by strut member and directly passes to coupled submersible service body.Buoyance lift spare or buoyance lift spare building blocks unit mainly are made of this two large divisions of buoyancy aid of buoyance lift spare framework that is used for fixing buoyancy aid and generation buoyancy.The buoyancy aid of the removable buoyance lift spare bee pupa in honeycomb mostly is fixed in the right prism body space at netted Beam piece mesh place, buoyance lift spare top.The upper and lower end of buoyance lift spare all must have a horizontal splicing-in frame identical with its vertical projected outline, also there are one or more horizontal splicing-in frames the position, intermediate portion when buoyance lift spare is higher, horizontal splicing-in frame is generally the polygon of a closure, also be provided with some vertical splicing-in limits between each adjacent level splicing-in frame, these splicing-in limits are provided with and make things convenient for interblock bonded assembly lockout mechanism or joinery and its construction; When constituting removable buoyance lift spare framework, utilize these horizontal splicing-in frames to make collar tie beam earlier, netted beam is set in collar tie beam then, the mesh of netted beam is foursquare chessboard trellis usually or is orthohexagonal cellular, netted beam and collar tie beam intersect the netted beam piece of the formation buoyance lift spare framework that combines, these netted beam pieces not only have interblock splicing-in function but also have fixedly buoyancy aid function, they are distributed on the needed differing heights in the mode that vertical projection overlaps, between adjacent net beam piece, all connect some suitable plumb posts again, thereby constitute a buoyance lift spare framework similar with the framework of frame-type building.Usually come appellation buoyance lift spare according to the mesh of mesh patch in the buoyance lift spare and the contour shape of whole netted beam piece, for example, mesh be foursquare chessboard trellis and whole beam piece profile be rectangle just be called chessboard trellis rectangle buoyance lift spare, mesh is a honeycomb hole shape and whole beam piece profile is the orthohexagonal cellular regular hexagon buoyance lift spare that just is called.From the above-mentioned trellis of chessboard as can be seen rectangle type buoyance lift spare profile is the profile with all mutually perpendicular four prisms cylinder shape of adjacent cylindrical, cellular regular hexagon buoyance lift spare then has the appearance profile of a positive hexagonal prism shape, they all corresponding similar in appearance to the profile of its residing basic half submerged body piece; Buoyance lift spare can be divided into two kinds of knockdown type and non-knockdown type according to the connection mode of buoyancy aid and buoyance lift spare framework; Buoyancy aid in the knockdown type buoyance lift spare can change the clutch state of it and buoyance lift spare framework easily; The non-buoyancy aid of tearing open in the type buoyance lift spare then is in the same place with buoyance lift spare framework leak-tight joint, and the clutch state between them can not change easily; Buoyancy aid in the knockdown type buoyance lift spare generally from the mesh at buoyance lift spare top by in the framework of inserting buoyance lift spare, these buoyancy aids preferably are elongated cylinder or spherical, the diameter of buoyancy aid is slightly less than the inscribe garden diameter of mesh; Buoyancy aid and buoyance lift spare framework adopt the radical of being again in the detouchable fixed form, three kinds of plug-in and lock top formulas; Corresponding with these three kinds of fixed forms, buoyancy aid also has the radical of being buoyancy aid, plug-in buoyancy aid and lock top formula buoyancy aid; And the buoyancy aid that is fixed in the buoyance lift spare framework can adopt discrete buoyancy aid, integrated buoyancy aid, inner tube of a tyre formula buoyancy aid, permanent buoyancy buoyancy aid and compound buoyancy aid, except that permanent buoyancy buoyancy aid, these buoyancy aids both can be the floatage energy adjustable buoyancy aids of control in real time, it also can be the non-adjustable buoyancy aid that buoyancy can not be controlled in real time, chessboard trellis rectangle buoyance lift spare and cellular regular hexagon buoyance lift spare both can constitute detachable type buoyance lift spare also can constitute non-dismounting type buoyance lift spare, but not tear type buoyance lift spare open and can also constitute with a buoyancy aid separately in addition, with splicing-in limit.

In vertical projection profile is in the semisubmersible basic block of quadrangular build of a rectangle, its adjacent cylindrical must be vertical mutually, and this basic block abbreviated as the rectangle basic block, the rectangle basic block is made up of buoyance lift spare, strut member, these three parts of platform, dive in the also dark water of the darkest trough that bears than designing institute in the top of buoyance lift spare, the height of strut member pillar should be more than or equal to fully developed sea and platform bottom security personnel's buoyancy aid height sum, and the profile of its buoyance lift spare also is a mutually perpendicular four prisms cylinder shape of adjacent cylindrical; The vertical projection profile of buoyance lift spare is the rectangle that the vertical projection of energy and piece coincides, the rectangle basic block adopts removable buoyance lift spare of rectangle and the non-dismounting of rectangle buoyance lift spare usually, and these basic blocks are called corresponding removable rectangle basic block and non-dismounting rectangle basic block.

The feature of the removable buoyance lift spare of rectangle of removable rectangle basic block is: it is made up of buoyance lift spare framework and this two large divisions of buoyancy aid of being fixed among the framework with removably, this buoyance lift spare framework is distributed with the level net Beam piece that has the gridiron pattern mesh more than two-layer or two-layer in vertical direction, the rectangular loop Beam that one double as splicing frame horizontal is arranged around the net Beam piece, the long limit size of this rectangle collar tie beam must just be the integral multiple of broadside size, the size that also will make broadside simultaneously just be again square gridiron pattern mesh (square mesh that is woven in length and breadth by the axis of the Beam) length of side in the netted collar tie beam piece positive integer doubly; Exactly, the available following method of the netted Beam piece of each gridiron pattern that distributes on the vertical direction in the removable buoyance lift spare framework of rectangle type constitutes: the axis spacing that is parallel to Y-axis and their adjacent two beams by the N bar be one group of horizontal gird and the M bar of unit length a be parallel to X-axis simultaneously the axis spacing of adjacent two beams also be another group horizontal gird of unit length a quadrature mutually, these crossbeams generally all have equal horizontal clearance w, so these two groups of crossbeams just can form have contain (N-1) (M-1) the individual length of side be the rectangle chessboard lattice beam piece of the square mesh grid of (a-w), these length of sides substantially all become the porthole of removable buoyancy aid turnover buoyance lift spare in the over water flat-topped ridge piece layer for the square mesh of (a-w).Whole buoyance lift spare is according to needs, in vertical direction can on even keel be distributed with two-layer or two-layer above identical and rectangle chessboard lattice beam piece that their vertical projection can overlap, form the general frame of a removable buoyance lift spare of rectangle again at neighbouring rectangle chessboard lattice beam piece interlayer by the mode of setting up dispersion pillar or concentrated pillar.The fixing means of buoyancy aid in the removable buoyance lift spare framework of rectangle has three kinds of the radical of being, cassette and lock top formulas.

The dispersion of removable rectangle buoyance lift spare framework is provided with the pillar mode, be exactly two that a pair of vertical projection overlaps in neighbouring rectangle chessboard lattice beam piece again and all set up a pillar that equals adjacent Beam piece floor height h in length and breadth between the beam intersection point, numerous so orthogonal thereto Beam posts have just constituted the frame-type skeleton of the detachable class of chessboard trellis buoyance lift spare, each length of side has just formed the space interval for the buoyancy aid installation of a four-prism shape (or claiming the hexahedron shape) in the skeleton top layer Beam piece on intraskeletal vertical direction for the square grid of (a-w), the buoyancy aid that is installed in each interval preferably is cylindric or spherical, and their diameter all is slightly less than the diameter of the length of side for the inscribe garden of the square mesh of (a-w).Some edge pillars in adopt disperseing to be provided with the removable buoyance lift spare of pillar mode on the prismatic surface can be installed lockout mechanism, form the edge pillar with vertical splicing limit function.Some and the heterotropic bracing element of pillar can be set simultaneously.

The concentrated pillar mode that is provided with of removable rectangle buoyance lift spare framework is exactly that the net Beam piece of buoyance lift spare top layer is divided into several horizontal zones by certain mesh number, concentrates at the mesh place of each regional middle position a pillar that connects each layer net Beam piece is set; It is considered herein that preferably to adopt the sub-district is installed one by one by next whole buoyance lift piece is divided into of the pattern of nine palace lattice (each square mesh being called a palace here) square formation, set up a pillar to collect at place, each sub-district to be distributed in this sub-district buoyancy aid produced to buoyancy, eight " palaces " wherein being in the sub-district periphery in the nine palace lattice are used for installing detachable buoyancy aid, and the position of central authorities this " palace " is used for setting up a concentrated pillar; When the mode that adopts nine palace lattice is arranged pillar, in each layer beam piece in length and breadth the number of beam aforesaid except that satisfying (M-1) be (N-1) positive integral multiple requires, (N-1) can be divided exactly by three, all contain integer nine an above-mentioned palace lattice in every layer of chessboard lattice beam piece the sub-district is installed so that make.The thick concentrated pillar of between Middle Palace of two-layer nine palace lattice central authorities up and down, setting up of this root, it also can be designed to preferred design becomes one or more sealed cavities as bamboo pole cylinder when intensity is permitted, make it not only play the effect of pillar, and have and reduce weight and increase buoyancy function, certainly buoyance lift spare concentrates the set-up mode of pillar to be not limited to the mode of nine palace lattice, can also be applicable to 16,25,36,49 grid square formations, uniquely want flexible and be, when not having single center grid when square formation is big or in the square formation, can lump together the several grids position that is positioned at middle section one big pillar or composition pillar boundling are set.On adopting the prismatic surface of concentrating in the removable buoyance lift spare that the pillar mode is set, some edge pillars with vertical splicing limit function should be set also.

In order to improve the structural stability that detachable rectangle rises the part framework, all heterotropic bracing element of some and crossbeam and pillar preferably is set, and the projection of bracing element to drop in the projection of buoyance lift spare over water flat-topped ridge.

The strut member of detachable rectangle basic block stands on removable rectangle buoyance lift spare top, the floor plan mode of each pillar of strut member is identical with the floor plan mode of pillar in the detachable rectangle buoyance lift spare framework, when being the pillar employing dispersed arrangement form of buoyance lift spare framework, the pillar of strut member adopts dispersed arrangement form equally, when the pillar of buoyance lift spare framework adopted the centralized arrangement mode, the pillar of strut member adopted the centralized arrangement mode too; The pillar of strut member is planted in the top of buoyance lift spare pillar, is generally the extension naturally vertically upward of buoyance lift spare pillar.The height of pillar should be more than or equal to fully developed sea and platform bottom security personnel's buoyancy aid height sum.Simultaneously, on the pillar bracing element that some and pillar and crossbeam all combine in the oblique mode can be set, to improve stability of structure.

In non-dismounting rectangle basic block, adopt the non-dismounting of rectangle type to tear buoyance lift spare open, this buoyance lift spare framework is distributed with two-layer or two-layer above rectangular loop Beam in vertical direction, be provided with the locking ring that constitutes lockout mechanism above the circle Beam, be provided with one or more buoyancy aids in the circle Beam, buoyancy aid also serves as buoyance lift spare frame pillar except that producing buoyancy function, buoyancy aid is generally cylindric or prism-shaped, all be closely linked between buoyancy aid and the buoyancy aid and between edge buoyancy aid and the circle Beam, can not break in mode tangent or that fit; The long limit size of this rectangle collar tie beam must just be the integral multiple of broadside size in addition, so that can both realize splicing-in very easily between the rectangle basic block on the y direction of level and X direction.

The strut member of non-dismounting rectangle basic block stands on the top of the non-dismounting of rectangle buoyance lift spare, and each pillar horizontal arranging mode of strut member is more flexible, but also adopts dispersed arrangement form and centralized arrangement to arrange this dual mode usually; Dispersed arrangement form is that the central part at each buoyancy aid top is provided with pillar respectively, the centralized arrangement mode is for to be divided into several zones to buoyancy aid by horizontal distribution at the top of buoyance lift spare, each zone all includes the buoyancy aid of some, and a baseplate is set at each regional buoyancy aid top, central part at this seat board is provided with a concentrated pillar, this pillar can transmit whole buoyancy that the one's respective area buoyancy aid is produced, and the height of pillar should be more than or equal to fully developed sea and platform bottom security personnel's buoyancy aid height sum.Simultaneously, on the pillar bracing element that some and pillar and crossbeam all combine in the oblique mode can be set, to improve stability of structure.

The platform of rectangle basic block is by being supported by strut member and being the level of state, the rectangle that the flat-bed vertical projection coincides for the vertical projection with buoyance lift spare, there is the splicing frame of a rectangle at the flat-bed edge, and the lower edge of splicing frame is provided with the locking ring that constitutes lockout mechanism.

In vertical projection profile is in the semisubmersible basic block of quadrangular build of an isosceles trapezoid, wherein there are two relative prismatic surfaces to be the identical and uneven plane of size, have two relative prismatic surfaces both to can be two parallel circle cylinders that the plane that varies in size and be parallel to each other also can be concentric Different Diameter in addition, it is made up of buoyance lift spare, strut member, these three parts of platform; Dive in the also dark water of the darkest trough that bears than designing institute in the top of buoyance lift spare, the height of strut member pillar should be more than or equal to fully developed sea and platform bottom security personnel's buoyancy aid height sum, the same four prisms cylinder shape that also is with trapezoidal basic block profile of the profile of its buoyance lift spare; The vertical projection profile of buoyance lift spare for can and the vertical projection of piece coincide trapezoidal, be generally an isosceles trapezoid, trapezoidal basic block adopts removable isosceles trapezoid buoyance lift spare and non-dismounting isosceles trapezoid buoyance lift spare usually, and the isosceles trapezoid four prisms cylinder basic block that contains removable isosceles trapezoid buoyance lift spare abbreviated as removable isosceles trapezoid basic block, the isosceles trapezoid four prisms cylinder basic block that contains non-dismounting isosceles trapezoid buoyance lift spare abbreviates non-dismounting isosceles trapezoid basic block as, trapezoidal basic block is used for the ring-like raft in formation garden, and this platform is adapted at ocean central authorities and is used for building harbour of refuge and ocean depot etc.

Frame mid portion at removable isosceles trapezoid buoyance lift spare adopts the isosceles trapezoid net beam piece with gridiron pattern mesh to make each beam layer, gridiron pattern isosceles trapezoid net beam piece constitutes as follows, (axis) edge lengths of determining the gridiron pattern square hole earlier is a, the height that horizontal arrangement is had a trapezoidal frame of lockout mechanism is set at Ga then, last bottom side length is set at Sa, go to the bottom and be set at Xa, wherein G and S are positive integer, and G and S can both be divided exactly by three, X then can come value by the gradient that designing institute needs, structure is established the chessboard graticule mesh beam piece that the square mesh length of side is a in this trapezoidal frame again, the trapezoidal net beam of such gridiron pattern piece has some to be trapezoidal and leg-of-mutton mesh on the both sides of waist, the mesh of these non-squares is not generally settled buoyancy aid; Each beam layer all with vertical projection coincide mode be distributed in buoyance lift spare framework two ends and each middle position; Form the general frame of a trapezoidal buoyance lift spare at neighbouring gridiron pattern ladder beam piece interlayer by setting up the mode of disperseing pillar or concentrated pillar again.

In removable trapezoidal buoyance lift spare framework, adopt when disperseing the pillar mode is set, all set up a pillar that equals floor height h between the Beam piece in length and breadth between the beam intersection point for two that a pair of vertical vertical projection overlaps in neighbouring terraced rectangle chessboard lattice beam piece exactly, the framework that numerous so orthogonal thereto Beam and post have just constituted the trapezoidal buoyance lift spare of gridiron pattern detachable type, each length of side is the space interval of installing for buoyancy aid that has just formed a four-prism shape (or claiming hexahedron shape) on the vertical direction of square grid in framework of a in the framework top layer Beam piece, be installed in each buoyancy aid at interval and be cylindric or spherical usually, and their diameter all is slightly less than the diameter in inscribe garden that the length of side is the square mesh of a.In adopt disperseing to be provided with the removable buoyance lift spare of pillar mode, can install the locking ring that some constitute lockout mechanisms at some edge pillars of cylinder, formation is with the edge pillar of vertical splicing limit function, the fixing means of buoyancy aid in removable trapezoidal buoyance lift spare framework has three kinds of the radical of being, plug-in and lock top formulas, and they use respectively is radical buoyancy aid, plug-in buoyancy aid and the formula buoyancy aid that bears down on one accordingly.

Method to set up that adopt to concentrate the method that adopted when the pillar mode is set and removable rectangle buoyance lift spare to use in removable isosceles trapezoid buoyance lift spare framework is identical, exactly the net Beam piece of buoyance lift spare top layer is divided into several horizontal zones by certain mesh number, mesh count in each zone is close substantially, and can not equate that generally the mesh place of the middle position that each is regional concentrates a pillar that connects each layer net Beam piece is set; It is considered herein that preferably to adopt earlier and whole buoyance lift piece is divided into the installation sub-district of nine palace lattice one by one by the pattern of nine palace lattice (each square mesh is called a palace) square formation is next, remaining mesh is submitted oneself to nine adjacent palace lattice nearby the sub-district is installed, in each sub-district, set up a pillar to collect to be distributed in this sub-district buoyancy aid produced to buoyancy, wherein be in eight " palaces " of sub-district periphery and " palace " of submitting oneself in the nine palace lattice and be used for installing detachable buoyancy aid, central authorities this " palace " is used for setting up concentrated pillar, when permitting, intensity concentrate pillar also can be designed to preferred design becomes one or more sealed cavities as bamboo pole cylinder, make it not only play the effect of pillar, and have and reduce weight and increase buoyancy function, certainly buoyance lift spare concentrates the set-up mode of pillar to be not limited to the mode of nine palace lattice, can also be applicable to 16,25,36,49 grid square formations, uniquely want flexible and be, when not having single center grid when square formation is big or in the square formation, can lump together the several grids position that is positioned at middle section one big pillar or composition pillar boundling are set.Simultaneously, adopting the cylinder of concentrating in the removable buoyance lift spare that the pillar mode is set that some edge pillars with vertical splicing limit function also should be set.

The strut member of detachable trapezoidal basic block stands on removable trapezoidal buoyance lift spare top, the floor plan mode of each pillar of strut member is identical with the floor plan mode of pillar in the detachable trapezoidal buoyance lift spare framework, when being the pillar employing dispersed arrangement form of buoyance lift spare framework, the pillar of strut member adopts dispersed arrangement form equally, when the pillar of buoyance lift spare framework adopted the centralized arrangement mode, the pillar of strut member adopted the centralized arrangement mode too; The pillar of strut member is planted in the top of buoyance lift spare pillar, is generally the extension naturally vertically upward of buoyance lift spare pillar.The height of pillar should be more than or equal to fully developed sea and platform bottom security personnel's buoyancy aid height sum.Simultaneously, on the pillar bracing element that some and pillar and crossbeam all combine in the oblique mode can be set, to improve stability of structure.

In non-dismounting isosceles trapezoid buoyance lift spare framework, be distributed with the trapezoidal collar tie beam of par that has lockout mechanism more than two-layer or two-layer on its vertical direction, circle Beam top is equiped with lockout mechanism, in the circle Beam the various non-dismounting buoyancy aid that mode tangent with cylinder or that kissing connects is closely linked is set, its cylinder and the buoyancy aid that trapezoidal circle Beam is tangent or kissing connects also link together with mode and the circle Beam that combines closely, these buoyancy aids are preferably appearance profile and are cylindric or prism-shaped or the spherical controlled compound buoyancy aid of inner tube of a tyre formula, cylindric or prismatic buoyancy aid also serves as buoyance lift spare frame pillar except that producing buoyancy function, so it is compared with the removable buoyance lift spare with equal buoyancy and can save a lot of pillars and want the material that consumed.Its vertical projection profile is an isosceles trapezoid.

The pillar of the trapezoidal basic block strut member of non-dismounting stands on the top of the trapezoidal buoyance lift spare of non-dismounting, the horizontal arranging mode of pillar can compare flexibly, usually use dispersed arrangement form and centralized arrangement mode, dispersed arrangement form is that the central part at each buoyancy aid top is provided with pillar respectively, the centralized arrangement mode is for to be divided into several zones to buoyancy aid by horizontal distribution at the top of buoyance lift spare, each zone all includes the buoyancy aid of some, and a baseplate is set at each regional buoyancy aid top, central part at this seat board is provided with a concentrated pillar, this pillar can transmit whole buoyancy that the one's respective area buoyancy aid is produced, and the height of pillar should be more than or equal to fully developed sea and platform bottom security personnel's buoyancy aid height sum.Simultaneously, on the pillar bracing element that some and pillar and crossbeam all combine in the oblique mode can be set, to improve stability of structure.

The platform of trapezoidal basic block is by being supported by strut member and being the level of state, and there is a trapezoidal splicing frame at the flat-bed edge, and the lockout mechanism of splicing frame is preferably disposed on the lower edge of frame.

The fixing means of buoyancy aid in removable buoyance lift spare of rectangle type and trapezoidal removable buoyance lift spare has the radical of being, plug-in and the formula of bearing down on one, and they use respectively is radical buoyancy aid, cassette buoyancy aid and lock top formula buoyancy aid accordingly.

When the buoyancy aid employing is the radical installation method, it is radical buoyance lift spare framework that buoyance lift spare framework will be called definitely, at this moment, the setting of framework bottom horizontal mesh beam is slightly different with top each layer, mainly be that the spacing between the Beam has reduced half in length and breadth, that is it is adjacent vertical original two, midpoint between the crossbeam increases by one again, and to be used to be the vertical of solid buoyancy aid, crossbeam, and it is abbreviated as is vertical admittedly, crossbeam, like this in the buoyance lift spare top net Beam piece " nine palace lattice " each settle the projection of center-point in " palace " of buoyancy aid can both corresponding newly-increased system with the bottom admittedly in length and breadth the intersection point of beam coincide, this be the solid friendship position of Beam in length and breadth be exactly be solid buoyancy aid be root point position.Owing to be that solid Beam in length and breadth will transmit whole buoyancy that buoyancy aid produces, enough intensity is arranged so when specific design, must guarantee them.Can adopt from every buoyancy aid that can conveniently enter from buoyance lift spare framework top layer square mesh in the buoyance lift spare framework is that the method for radical fixes on buoyance lift spare framework, it is considered herein that adopting is that the buoyancy aid that radical is installed is preferably oval barrel-contoured buoyancy aid, the inscribe garden diameter of the diameter of cylinder and top net Beam piece square mesh is complementary (diameter that is slightly less than square mesh inscribe garden usually), and the bottom of buoyancy aid is that the radical member is realized economizing being connected of part framework with floating by one.Be the radical member be the root bar mainly by what place the buoyancy aid bottom, be positioned at be root bar lower end be the root ring, to be positioned at the solid U-shaped of beam point of crossing in length and breadth of buoyance lift spare bottom system be root fork and to make U-shaped be the root fork and be that to be connected the screw shaped that is coupled be that these several parts of root bolt are formed to the root ring.What transmit the whole buoyancy of buoyancy aid is the bottom center point place that the root bar is arranged on the buoyancy aid bottom head, be that to be provided with one be the root ring for the lower end of root bar, (the vertical projection place of each square mesh center-point of chessboard graticule mesh Beam piece on plane, underlying network Beam piece place above being equivalent to) all to be equiped with the U-shaped that an opening makes progress be the root fork mesh of pillar (set up except) on the corresponding intersection point of the solid beam in length and breadth of the newly-increased system of above-mentioned bottom, be the hole, garden that position that root is pitched the nearly opening of two arm rests all is provided with a same lateral aperture central axis, be that the root ring can be the root fork from opening part insertion U-shaped easily, in installation process, be that the root boom end is that center and the U-shaped of exerting oneself of root ring is that horizontal median axis that root is pitched hole, garden on two arms is when overlapping as long as adjust that the buoyancy of buoyancy aid makes, just can be screw shaped be that root is fastened and passed this three holes, afterwards, be that root is fastened and passed through that end is inserted in floor clip and from being that root is fastened the pin hole that passes through on the end and inserted and prevent packing ring from being the pin that the root bolt comes off, thereby what finish buoyancy aid and buoyance lift spare framework is that radical is connected.When the application body waterborne at certain position or when require obtaining very big buoyancy and support with body under water, as long as increase the vertical dimension of this position buoyance lift spare and the number of plies of beam piece, and to do with the top of below buoyancy aid by the buoyancy aid of top be that the mode of root point vertically is connected in series a plurality of buoyancy aids and just can.

Buoyancy aid adopts the concrete feature of plug-in fixing means to be: buoyancy aid is generally cylindrical shape, when mesh is square, the overall diameter of cylinder is slightly less than the inscribe garden diameter of square mesh, which floor and the corresponding lift support arm of buoyance lift spare framework chessboard graticule mesh beam piece number of plies layer are distributing on the outer cylinder of cylinder, each lift support arm is just " bracket " of bearing surface in the upper end, but the vertical distance between the adjacent support arm layer of each adjacent lift is identical with the height between the cooresponding beam layer, be its distributing position should make the bearing surface of " bracket " all be in the netted beam of respective layer the below and and the bottom surface of beam contact, each support arm layer all is crosswise and is evenly distributed with four lift support arms on the buoyancy aid outer wall, promptly these four lift support arms are all perpendicular to the cylinder of cylinder buoyancy aid and be evenly distributed on the cylinder circumference of same horizontal surface.The length of every lift support arm should satisfy following two conditions, when promptly the lift support arm all being aimed at four jiaos of square net that beam in length and breadth surrounds buoyancy aid can be swimmingly mesh by each layer beam piece, and buoyancy aid horizontally rotates after miter angle reaches the clamping position, and the longitudinal end of each lift support arm does not surmount the vertical surface at the place, axis of each beam again.The upper surface of each lift support arm preferably all is fixed with an elastic cushion block with identical elasticity modulus, so that the buoyancy branch of whole buoyancy aid is more equably on each lift support arm, the buoyancy of whole buoyancy aid passes to each layer beam piece of buoyance lift spare framework respectively like this by the elastic cushion block of these lift support arm upper surfaces.In order to prevent buoyancy aid downward drift or left rotation and right rotation and break away from the clamping position when being in standby suspended state, also be equiped with fixedly support arm of four anticreeps on the top of buoyancy aid, the anticreep fixedly bearing surface of support arm and the upper surface of buoyance lift spare top net beam piece contacts, it generally is designed to stressed prone anti-" bracket " shape, the vertical projection of their axis all and and the vertical projection of lift support arm axis of its below coincide, and anticreep fixedly the discrepancy in elevation between support arm bottom face and the superiors lift support arm upper surface be slightly larger than the height (or saying thickness) of buoyance lift spare top net beam piece; Fixedly there is a horizontal anticreep bolt that supplies of axially bored line to wear the support arm anticreep hole of putting near the support arm outer end at anticreep, the axis in support arm anticreep hole is perpendicular to the axis of anticreep support arm, simultaneously on buoyance lift spare top net beam piece each " palace " (or saying mesh) beam all around, an anticreep buttress perpendicular to the beam upper surface is arranged, there is the support arm anticreep hole of a horizontal anticreep hole and anticreep support arm outer end to be complementary on the buttress, distance between each adjacent anticreep buttress is all identical, the anticreep buttress is not crossed over the center line on each each limit of lattice, palace, its porose vertical side only overlaps with the corresponding center line in each limit of mesh, utilizes to pass that the anti-bolt that revolves the hole of anticreep buttress and buoyancy aid anticreep support arm just can be fixed together buoyancy aid and net beam on the beam when buoyancy aid is in the installation site.When mesh is regular hexagon, similar fully with the cassette buoyancy aid of square mesh, only four support arms of every layer of well-distributed being become well-distributed six roots of sensation support arm and four anticreep support arms of top layer well-distributed are become six roots of sensation well-distributed six roots of sensation anticreep support arm and corresponding anticreep buttress limit is set can.When the application body waterborne at certain position or when require obtaining very big buoyancy and support with body under water, as long as increase the vertical dimension of this position buoyance lift spare and the number of plies of beam piece, and a plurality of buoyancy aids of clamping vertically just can reach requirement.

The following lockout mechanism of general employing was realized (having special chapters and sections to state about the lockout mechanism back) when the buoyancy aid of buoyance lift spare adopted the buoyancy aid fixing means of locking the top formula, at this moment oval tubular of buoyance lift spare operated by rotary motion or ball-shaped buoyancy aid, it is considered herein that and preferably adopt oval barrel-contoured buoyancy aid, a square chain-wales that is complementary with square mesh is arranged at the top of cylinder buoyancy aid, four limit shapes above the chain-wales be provided with constitute lockout mechanism locking ring and be referred to as the buoyancy aid locking ring, in detachable buoyance lift spare top net Beam piece, also all be equiped with the locking ring that energy and buoyancy aid locking ring match equally on the beam of two pairs of opposite side of each square mesh of arrangement buoyancy aid, and be referred to as the mesh locking ring, the locking of lockout mechanism is fastened from buoyancy aid locking ring and the corresponding lock hole of mesh locking ring and is passed, and the buoyancy of buoyancy aid locks the top net Beam piece that mechanism passes to buoyance lift spare by many covers at buoyancy aid top.For the floatage energy that whole buoyancy aid is produced passes to buoyance lift spare framework by each lockout mechanism of top more equably, can each locking fasten and the power transmission face of each lock hole between add an elastic cushion block.

In above-mentioned various detachable class buoyance lift spares, various buoyancy aids can be installed, when a certain buoyancy aid occurs aging or destroyed and when leaking, the water level detector of flat-bed monitored control system by buoyancy aid at once can perception fault buoyancy aid concrete accurately position, the diving staff can carry out dismounting and change to it at the scene easily.

When in above-mentioned this removable class buoyance lift spare, carrying out the on-site installation of buoyancy aid, usually charge into an amount of water and air becomes the easy suspended state that moves up and down to heavy buoyancy aid in water after toward the buoyancy aid inner chamber, install from the mode that the hexahedron top of space at place, installation site down pushes.

In the semisubmersible basic block of positive hexagonal prism type, its vertical projection profile is a regular hexagon, therefore, sometimes also it is abbreviated as the regular hexagon basic block, the regular hexagon basic block is made up of buoyance lift spare, strut member, these three parts of platform, and the profile of its buoyance lift spare also is a positive hexagonal prism; Dive in the also dark water of the darkest trough that bears than designing institute in the top of buoyance lift spare, the height of strut member pillar should be more than or equal to fully developed sea and platform bottom security personnel's buoyancy aid height sum, the vertical projection profile of buoyance lift spare is the regular hexagon that the vertical projection of energy and piece overlaps, the regular hexagon basic block has removable regular hexagon basic block and non-dismounting regular hexagon basic block, removable regular hexagon basic block adopts removable regular hexagon buoyance lift spare, and non-dismounting regular hexagon basic block adopts non-dismounting regular hexagon buoyance lift spare; In removable regular hexagon buoyance lift spare framework, each layer beam all adopts the Beam piece with honeycomb hole shape, sometimes it called the removable buoyance lift spare of cellular regular hexagon.

In above-mentioned cellular regular hexagon knockdown type buoyance lift spare, the regular hexagon splicing frame of a level is all arranged at the top of buoyance lift spare framework and bottom, when framework has bigger height, the regular hexagon splicing frame of corresponding one or more levels is set also preferably between its two ends.The size of just hexagonal splicing frame adopts following method to determine: promptly determine the orthohexagonal size of benchmark earlier, be the center with this part benchmark regular hexagon again, be close to its each limit splicing-in one circle hexagon the same with the benchmark regular hexagon, afterwards with the such regular hexagon of the same manner splicing-in multi-turn, (n is for centering on the hexagonal number of turns of center reference till the n circle that designing institute needs, its value is a natural number), then the profile that becomes with splicing-in is also made yardstick for orthohexagonal honeycomb block, does a regular hexagon splicing frame that can just hold this honeycomb block.The also circle Beam of double as Honeycomb Beam piece of this splicing frame, then just include [1+3n (1+n)] individual benchmark regular hexagon in the whole collar tie beam, when n with 1,2,3,4,5,6 ... behind the concrete numerical value substitution following formula, just be launched into corresponding ordered series of numbers 7,19,37,61,91,127......; Form Cellular Networks Beam piece by these regular hexagons and peripheral big regular hexagon splicing frame, the Cellular Networks Beam piece of these levels serves as the horizontal Beam layer at each position of buoyance lift spare framework upper, middle and lower respectively in the mode that vertical projection overlaps, between adjacent level Beam layer, interconnective pillar is set then, pillar can be divided into top, angle pillar according to the particular location that it is in Cellular Networks Beam piece, quarter line pillaring, the regional center pillar: wherein top, angle pillar is in the position, summit of net Beam piece regular hexagon splicing frame, that is the intersection point place on adjacent splicing-in limit, and the honeycomb hole in the discord splicing frame intersects; Quarter line pillaring is located on each limit of splicing frame, and its splicing honeycomb hole in the frame of also getting along well intersects; (but top, angle pillar and quarter line pillaring usually also the vertical splicing-in of double as limit), and the regional center pillar is exactly the pillar that is on this honeycomb hole of center, pillar setting area.A so-called pillar setting area that is a profile of being made up of 7,19 even 37 honeycomb holes (i.e. benchmark regular hexagon) in Cellular Networks Beam piece are orthohexagonal territory face greatly, and they are called 7,19,37 ramus ophthalmicus post setting areas by its honeycomb hole number that comprises, be arranged at that pillar on each regional center honeycomb hole is also corresponding to abbreviate 7,19,37 centre struts as.The pillar setting area should be distributed in the whole regular hexagon net Beam piece well-balancedly, and makes each interregional the least possible lap be arranged; The pillar form of buoyance lift spare framework both can adopt a certain form in top, angle pillar, quarter line pillaring, the regional center pillar separately according to specific requirement, (wherein top, angle pillar and quarter line pillaring also have the function on vertical splicing-in limit concurrently), also can be the various combination of these several forms, the number of pillar also can change flexibly according to concrete designing requirement.In order to improve the structural stability of buoyance lift spare framework, some and top, angle pillar and the heterotropic bracing element of quarter line pillaring are set also preferably.The removable buoyancy aid that is used for the removable buoyance lift spare of honeycomb lattice regular hexagon type can be spherical or columnar cavity body, it is considered herein that removable buoyancy aid preferably adopts two ends to make the cylindrical shape buoyancy aid or the positive compound buoyancy aid of hexa-prism of end socket with hemispherical Shell.

The fixed form of buoyancy aid in honeycomb lattice regular hexagon type buoyance lift spare framework be the same with tessellated buoyance lift spare also three kinds of the radical of being, plug-in, the formulas of bearing down on one; They use respectively is radical buoyancy aid, plug-in buoyancy aid and the formula buoyancy aid that bears down on one accordingly.

Adopt in the removable buoyance lift spare framework of above-mentioned honeycomb lattice regular hexagon type is that the fixing means of radical is when fixing buoyancy aid, the splicing-in frame of each layer is identical above the regular hexagon splicing-in frame territory of the net Beam piece of this buoyance lift spare bottom, but the honeycomb hole net beam piece of each layer is different above the net beam piece territory of being filled in the bottom splicing-in frame, its each mesh will be arranged to have the rhombuses of two 60 degree interior angles, and the length of side of diamond-mesh is 1.7321 (accurately number is 3 square root) times of the benchmark regular hexagon length of side in this net beam piece.We call diamond-mesh to the net beam piece that is formed for being solid buoyancy aid like this is fixed network Beam piece, being called diamond-mesh simultaneously is fixed network Beam piece, each summit that is each diamond-mesh in the fixed network Beam piece all coincides with the vertical projection of each honeycomb mesh center-point of buoyance lift spare top net Beam piece, then each summit of diamond-mesh (point of crossing of two beams more precisely) all be solid buoyancy aid be the root point summit of buoyance lift spare frame pillar position (will be provided with except).Each is that root point is provided with all that to form be that the U-shaped of one of root member is the root fork, utilization be the root nut be radical buoyancy aid lifting arm lower end be that root ring and U-shaped are that the coupling of root fork is connected together, thereby whole buoyancy that buoyancy aid produced by being that the diamond-mesh that the root member passes to bottom the buoyance lift spare is a fixed network beam piece.

When the fixing means of employing plug-in fixes buoyancy aid in honeycomb lattice regular hexagon type buoyance lift spare framework, its concrete feature is: buoyancy aid is generally oval tubular, the overall diameter of cylinder is slightly less than the inscribe garden diameter of benchmark regular hexagon mesh, which floor and the corresponding lift support arm of buoyance lift spare chess honeycomb graticule mesh beam piece number of plies layer are distributing on the outer cylinder of cylinder, and the vertical distance between the adjacent support arm layer of each adjacent lift is identical with the height between the cooresponding beam layer, its distributing position all is in the below of the netted beam of respective layer, each support arm layer all has the six roots of sensation lift support arm that is the distribution of six five equilibriums on circumference on the outer wall, be that this six roots of sensation lift support arm is all perpendicular to the cylinder of cylinder buoyancy aid and be evenly distributed on the cylinder circumference of same horizontal surface, the length of every lift support arm should satisfy following two conditions, buoyancy aid can pass through each layer net beam piece swimmingly during top, the angle direction of benchmark regular hexagon mesh of promptly the lift support arm all being aimed at Cellular Networks Beam piece, and after buoyancy aid horizontally rotated 30 degree angles reach the position location of clamping, the end of each lift support arm did not surmount the vertical surface at the place, axis of each beam again; The upper surface of each lift support arm preferably all is fixed with an elastic cushion block with identical elasticity modulus, so that the buoyancy branch of whole buoyancy aid is more equably on each lift support arm, the buoyancy of whole buoyancy aid passes to the lower surface of each layer beam piece of buoyance lift spare framework respectively like this by the elastic cushion block of these lift support arm upper surfaces; In order to prevent buoyancy aid downward drift or left rotation and right rotation and break away from the clamping position when being in standby suspended state, also be equiped with six roots of sensation anticreep support arm on the top of buoyancy aid, the bearing surface of anticreep support arm is the lower surface of anticreep support arm, the upper surface of each beam of the bearing surface of anticreep support arm and buoyance lift spare top net beam piece contacts, the bearing surface of anticreep support arm is the lower surface of anticreep support arm, the upper surface of each beam of the bearing surface of anticreep support arm and buoyance lift spare top net beam piece contacts, the anticreep support arm generally is designed to support prone anti-" bracket " shape, the vertical projection of their axis all and and its below lift support arm axis coincide, and the discrepancy in elevation between the horizontal bearing surface of horizontal surface that anticreep support arm bottom is stressed and the superiors lift support arm upper end is slightly larger than the public elastic cushion block thickness sum of top layer beam thick (or saying deck-molding), fixedly there is a horizontal anticreep bolt that supplies of axially bored line to wear the anticreep hole of putting near the support arm outer end at anticreep, on the beam on each each limit of mesh, be provided with simultaneously an anticreep buttress perpendicular to the beam upper surface, there is the anticreep hole of an anticreep hole and anticreep support arm outer end to be complementary on the anticreep buttress, distance between each adjacent anticreep buttress is all identical, the anticreep buttress is not crossed over the center line on each each limit of honeycomb hole, its porose vertical side only overlaps with the corresponding center line in each limit of mesh, utilizes the bolt that passes the anticreep hole of anticreep buttress and buoyancy aid anticreep support arm on the beam just can be fixed together buoyancy aid and net beam when buoyancy aid is in the installation site.When the application body waterborne at certain position or when require obtaining very big buoyancy and support with body under water, as long as increase the vertical dimension of this position buoyance lift spare and the number of plies of beam piece, and a plurality of buoyancy aids of clamping vertically just can.

When in honeycomb lattice regular hexagon type buoyance lift spare framework, adopting the fixing means of locking the top formula to fix buoyancy aid, the following lockout mechanism of general employing is realized (having special chapters and sections to state about the lockout mechanism back), at this moment the oval tubular of operated by rotary motion in the buoyance lift spare, ball-shaped buoyancy aid or cross-sectional plane are the compound buoyancy aid of orthohexagonal six rib main body shapes, it is considered herein that preferably adopting oval barrel-contoured buoyancy aid and cross-sectional plane is the compound buoyancy aid of orthohexagonal hexa-prism, and the outside diameter of cylinder outline of cylindric buoyancy aid is less than the diameter in benchmark regular hexagon inscribe garden, cross-sectional plane be the compound buoyancy aid of regular hexagon six rib main body shapes cross-sectional plane also outline less than the benchmark hexagon buoyancy aid can be easily inserted among the framework of buoyance lift spare from honeycomb hole.The top of cylinder buoyancy aid need be provided with a ratio beam piece honeycomb hole smaller regular hexagon chain-wales the same with the compound buoyancy aid top of hexagonal prism shape, all be provided with on six limits above the chain-wales constitute lockout mechanism locking ring, and be referred to as the buoyancy aid locking ring; In detachable buoyance lift spare top net Beam piece, also all be equiped with the locking ring that energy and buoyancy aid locking ring match equally on the beam of each honeycomb hole of arrangement buoyancy aid, and be referred to as the mesh locking ring, the locking of lockout mechanism is fastened from buoyancy aid locking ring and the corresponding lock hole of mesh locking ring and is passed, and the buoyancy of buoyancy aid passes to buoyance lift spare by the many covers locking mechanism at buoyancy aid top.Identical with all pressures reason of plug-in, can locking fasten and the power transmission face of lock hole between add an elastic cushion block, the floatage energy that whole buoyancy aid is produced passes to buoyance lift spare framework by each lockout mechanism of top more equably.

Strut member pillar in the removable semisubmersible basic block of positive hexagonal prism type is provided with concentrates setting and edge that dual mode is set, usually dual mode adopts simultaneously, the horizontal arranging mode of strut member pillar is identical with the horizontal arranging mode of pillar in the positive removable buoyance lift spare framework of hexagonal prism, when being the pillar employing centralized arrangement mode of buoyance lift spare framework, the pillar of strut member adopts the centralized arrangement mode too; The pillar of strut member is planted in the top of buoyance lift spare pillar, be generally the extension naturally vertically upward of buoyance lift spare pillar, simultaneously also the edge pillar that some are equiped with lockout mechanism can be set by the mode of edge setting on adjacent level splicing-in frame, the height of pillar should be more than or equal to fully developed sea and platform bottom security personnel's buoyancy aid height sum.

In the positive non-dismounting class of hexagonal prism shape buoyance lift spare, they both can be provided with horizontal splicing-in frame or vertical splicing-in frame separately, also can be provided with level splicing frame and vertical splicing frame simultaneously, and each splicing-in frame all is provided with and adjacent basic block bonded assembly lockout mechanism; Level splicing limit connects into an osed top circle Beam usually, in the circle Beam the various suitable non-dismounting buoyancy aid that mode tangent with cylinder or that kissing connects is closely linked is set, its cylinder and the buoyancy aid that trapezoidal circle Beam is tangent or kissing connects also link together with mode and the circle Beam that combines closely, these buoyancy aids are preferably appearance profile and are cylindric or prism-shaped or the spherical controlled compound buoyancy aid of inner tube of a tyre formula, cylindric or prismatic buoyancy aid can also serve as buoyance lift spare frame pillar except that producing buoyancy function, in order to improve the buoyancy reliability of non-dismounting class buoyance lift spare, be preferably in the impermeable light foam material of filling in each buoyancy aid inner chamber, or serve as a contrast the one or more inflatable inner tube of a tyre that is not easy to leak of going into to be complementary in the chamber within it, also can not only fill impermeable light foam material but also serve as a contrast into the inflatable inner tube of a tyre, like this, even floating body lumen wall is broken a bit and is leaked, buoyancy is not had much influences yet: in addition, enter the charge air of the inner tube of a tyre by adjusting, also can make its buoyancy satisfy the needs of platform attitude control system easily.The above-mentioned inner tube of a tyre all adopts tough and tensile and resilient rubber or artificial synthetic High molecular material etc. to make, owing to adopted the soft inner tube of a tyre, can also be when the inner tube of a tyre breaks by the diver at the scene with its replacing, make on hardware for non-detouchable buoyancy aid obtained to have can " soft " dismounting function.

Reach the basic half submerged body piece that corresponding entablature and above water platform layer constitute by non-dismounting class buoyance lift spare, its splicing frame that is used for interblock splicing-in position also all is rectangle or positive six shapes that make things convenient for splicing-in usually, when adopting piece to connect the tight splicing of piece, just there is not passage easily to enter the bottom of buoyance lift spare, carry out the installation and maintenance and the gas line of the soft inner tube of a tyre of buoyancy aid for convenience under water, laying of sensor cable, usually in each basic half submerged body piece buoyance lift spare (especially being non-dismounting class buoyance lift spare), leave the vertical channel well that can satisfy above-mentioned requirements, compound buoyancy aid is installed to satisfy, the needs of maintenance and buoyancy monitoring.

The pillar of the non-dismounting basic block of regular hexagon strut member stands on the top of the non-dismounting of regular hexagon buoyance lift spare, the floor plan mode of pillar can compare flexibly, usually use dispersed arrangement form and centralized arrangement mode, dispersed arrangement form is that the central part at each buoyancy aid top is provided with pillar respectively, the centralized arrangement mode is for to be divided into several zones to buoyancy aid by horizontal distribution at the top of buoyance lift spare, each zone all includes the buoyancy aid of some, and a baseplate is set at each regional buoyancy aid top, central part at this seat board is provided with a concentrated pillar, this pillar can transmit whole buoyancy that the one's respective area buoyancy aid is produced, and the height of pillar should be ensured public security buoyancy aid height sum doubly more than or equal to fully developed sea and platform bottom.

The non-dismounting basic block of regular hexagon platform is supported by strut member, platform is horizontal regular hexagon, the projection of its vertical projection and whole basic block coincides, the flat-bed periphery is a regular hexagon splicing-in frame that has the collar tie beam function concurrently, makes the lockout mechanism that is closely connected between adjacent block together be installed lower edge with the splicing-in frame.

When becoming platform by various body basic block splicing-ins, be not have nothing " defective " platform at interval in the middle of abandoning, needs according to practical application exactly will splice one or more basic blocks less in flat-bed inside on the contrary, satisfy the needed space of installing application body to form a vertical spatial channel; In addition, the platform that some load are very light then can be vacated the interval of much not splicing basic block specially by certain level interval, form a netted platform that a lot of meshes are arranged, or in each basic block only be the bottom buoyance lift spare, strut member is net distribution and platform is flat Light Platform.

Point Y shape basic block by above-mentioned three identical positive hexagonal prism basic blocks a rib respectively to be arranged coincide together and the array mode of tip platform alignment and the semisubmersible basic block made, it has 12 outer ribs in appearance, 12 outer cylinders, its cross-sectional profiles is that the mode that the regular hexagon of three congruences coincides together with three summits is spliced into the Y font that each adjacent bifurcated is mutually 120 degree angles, the top of each bifurcated of Y shape pattern is 120 degree wedge angles, its external surrounding frame is an equilateral protruding dodecagon, this basic block since during fabrication these three positive hexagonal prisms be closely linked, thereby both saved the lockout mechanism on six cylinders, the platform that splicing-in is become obtains higher bulk strength.It equally both can be made into the knockdown type basic block, also can make non-dismounting type basic block, and the constructive method of the method for its formation and positive hexagonal prism shape basic block is identical.

Flat Y shape basic block is by above-mentioned four Y font 18 prisms that identical positive hexagonal prism basic block is formed, the feature of its composition is: with a positive hexagonal prism is the center, on being separated by three cylinders of a cylinder, this cylinder all with cylinder the mode of pasting and top platform aligns is spliced to form one 18 prism with a cylinder of other identical positive hexagonal prisms respectively again, its cross-sectional plane is equilateral protruding ten octagons, its profile also is the Y shape, three bifurcateds of Y shape pattern also distribute in the mode that is mutually 120 degree angles, in fact the intersection center of Y shape pattern and each bifurcated are exactly a complete regular hexagon: this basic block since during fabrication these four positive hexagonal prisms be closely linked, thereby both saved the lockout mechanism on six cylinders, and also made platform obtain higher bulk strength.It equally both can be made into the knockdown type basic block, also can be made into non-dismounting type basic block, and the constructive method of the method for its formation and positive hexagonal prism shape basic block is identical.

The employed buoyancy aid of above-mentioned various buoyance lift spare is generally and adopts ferro-concrete, metal, non-metal to wait with composite material and make the salable housing with relative very big cavity, and the appearance profile of buoyancy aid is generally end socket is made at cylinder and two ends with evagination curved surface (being preferably the evagination hemisphere face) cylindric complex or globoid; These buoyancy aids both can be totally-enclosed cavitys, also can be that the semitight cavity that hole is direct and off-lying sea, chamber water is communicated with is arranged at the top seal bottom, and as required, can be equiped with the remote control Inlet and outlet water valve of the water filling of confession cavity, draining in the cavity bottom of totally enclosed buoyancy aid and be equiped with the confession cavity and fill the remote control air valve and the corresponding pipeline of managing gas, exhaust at its top; And in the cavity of half-sealed buoyancy aid for needs easy for installation and that adjust buoyancy also be equiped with usually make its for cavity fill, the remote valve and the corresponding pipeline of exhaust: equally for clear notion be convenient to understand, each buoyancy aid is made respective classified by following characteristics.

The first, divide according to buoyancy aid and buoyance lift spare framework connection characteristics, can be divided into non-dismounting class buoyancy aid and detachable class buoyancy aid; Non-dismounting class buoyancy aid and buoyance lift spare skeleton just closely connect together and can not split during fabrication usually, detachable class buoyancy aid is then made with buoyance lift spare skeleton is independent respectively, buoyancy aid can carry out Assembly ﹠Disassembly easily on buoyance lift spare skeleton, therefore just very easily the buoyancy aid that damages or wear out is changed at the scene.Dismounting class buoyancy aid can be divided into again according to itself and buoyance lift spare skeleton ways of connecting and is radical, plug-in and locks top these three kinds of basic modes of formula, and, promptly be root cassette, lock top cassette, be that root is locked the top formula by the compound connection mode that these three kinds of basic modes derive from by two kinds of various combinations.And can more specifically carry out appellation, as be radical buoyancy aid, plug-in buoyancy aid and lock top formula buoyancy aid etc. by buoyancy aid and buoyance lift spare framework ways of connecting to buoyancy aid.

Be the radical buoyancy aid the bottom one root system root bar (or become closed hoop be the root rope) is arranged, one what be fixed in rod end is the root ring, they and to be fixed in be that U-shaped on the radical buoyance lift spare bottom web Beam piece is a root fork and to make be root ring and what be that the root fork produces coupling is that root is fastened this several most of to constitute be the root member.Be the hole, garden that position that root is pitched the nearly opening of two arm rests all is provided with a same horizontal center line axis, be that the root ring can insert the U-shaped fixation fork from opening part easily, be that root bar (or being the root rope) should have enough length, install and the needed activity space of maintainer to provide, in installation process if adjust the buoyancy of buoyancy aid make be the root boom end be the root ring axis with below when the horizontal median axis in hole, garden overlaps on fixation fork two arms, just can be bolt shape be that root is fastened and passed this three orifice rings, tightening nuts afterwards, being that root is fastened and passed through that end is inserted in floor clip and from being that root is fastened the pin hole that passes through on the end and inserted and prevent packing ring from being the pin that the root bolt comes off, is the radical buoyancy aid and be being connected of radical buoyance lift spare thereby finish.

The plug-in buoyancy aid is generally oval tubular, the diameter of cylinder is slightly less than the diameter in mesh inscribe garden, buoyancy aid place, the height of the buoyance lift spare framework positive number layer of being crossed over when the height of garden tube should be slightly larger than clamping, around the cylinder of cylinder upper end the horizontal anticreep support arm of one deck perpendicular to cylinder arranged, the limit number of the number of horizontal anticreep support arm and buoyancy aid place mesh is identical and identical adjacent spacing arranged between them, the length of every horizontal anticreep support arm is slightly smaller than the buoyancy aid cylinder a horizontal support arm anticreep hole to the distance of net (eye) Beam axis and in the termination: corresponding with horizontal anticreep support arm, the Beam face on the every limit of mesh is provided with a vertical anticreep buttress, near the horizontal buttress anticreep hole that also has an energy and support arm anticreep hole to be complementary the vertical anticreep buttress top; The axis in support arm anticreep hole is overlapped with the axis in buttress anticreep hole, pass an anticreep bolt this moment from these two holes, the horizontal mounting arm of buoyancy aid is linked together with the vertical anticreep buttress of mesh Beam face, prevent to produce between buoyancy aid and the buoyance lift spare skeleton purpose that horizontally rotates disengaging thereby reached, in order to allow the anticreep bolt can follow the lifting of following equal compression elasticity pad deformation causing buoyancy aid with respect to skeleton, buttress anticreep hole is for there being the slotted hole of large-size in vertical direction; Below horizontal anticreep support arm, be distributed with the lift support arm layer identical with the fast number of plies of buoyance lift spare skeleton Beam, the height of corresponding adjacent net Beam between fast equates in height between the adjacent lift support arm layer and the buoyance lift spare skeleton, every layer has the lift support arm of counting equal number with the mesh limit, the areal of support of each lift support arm all be in each layer Beam fast below, and transmit the buoyancy that buoyancy aid produces soon to Beam soon by a cushion, the support arm of each layer all is distributed on the buoyancy aid cylinder with identical spacing, the vertical projection of anticreep support arm and each layer support arm all overlaps mutually, and the horizontal length of each support arm is slightly less than half of horizontal clearance of mesh Beam; Should when elder generation when being arranged to buoyancy aid in the buoyance lift spare horizontal arm of lift support arm point to top, the angle direction of mesh, allow buoyancy aid enter after the position location of buoyance lift spare skeleton again the rotating floating body certain angle (the square mesh to rotate 45 degree, the regular hexagon mesh to rotate 30 degree) each support arm all is in respectively net the fast bottom of Beam, it is fast to be equipped with a cushion between each lift support arm and the netted Beam, and the floatage energy that cushion makes whole buoyancy aid produce soon is assigned on each lift support arm more equably.

Lock top formula buoyancy aid generally also is oval cylindrical shell or long prism, the diameter of cylinder is slightly less than the inscribe garden diameter of buoyancy aid place mesh, the height of garden tube equals the height of buoyance lift spare skeleton substantially, the cross-sectional plane of prism is then similar with the shape of a mesh at buoyancy aid place and be slightly less than mesh, the formula buoyancy aid top, lock top of buoyancy aid is provided with a cap shape polygon chain-wales, the flat-bed shape is similar with the mesh of the residing lock of buoyancy aid top formula buoyance lift spare top net beam piece, and can just place among the mesh, each limit of mesh of top each limit of chain-wales and buoyance lift spare frame roof net beam piece all is equiped with the lock apical ring that quantity is suitable and can cooperatively interact, and utilizes the lock top pass these two lock apical rings to fasten the buoyancy of buoyancy aid is passed to the net Beam at top of buoyance lift spare fast.The aufbauprinciple that it is pointed out that the lock top mechanism of lock top formula buoyancy aid and the lockout mechanism on the splicing-in limit is identical.Adopt all pressure reason the same simultaneously with plug-in, can locking fasten with the power transmission face of locking apical pore between add an elastic cushion block, each is locked and pushes up mechanism and pass to buoyance lift spare framework by the top more equably to make floatage energy that whole buoyancy aid produces.

The second, divide by the characteristics of buoyancy aid self, can be divided into discrete buoyancy aid and integrated buoyancy aid, discrete buoyancy aid independently has only an independently inner chamber in the buoyancy aid shell at one exactly; Integrated buoyancy aid is exactly with rigid material a big cavity to be separated into a plurality of isolated mutually areolas again in a big annular seal space of being made by bigger materials of rigidity such as ferro-concrete, metal, compounds; In integrated buoyancy aid, it is considered herein that the garden cover garden type that preferably adopts great circle jacket casing roundlet tube and the integrated buoyancy aid of these two kinds of patterns of honeycomb type.

Overlapping a plurality of cylinders in the large cylinder that round feature of overlapping round integrated buoyancy aid is a periphery, it is considered herein that preferably adopt one of a great circle jacket casing have same axis the little cylinder in center (usually the diameter of the little cylinder in center be slightly less than the large cylinder diameter 1/3rd), with the certain spacing of being separated by n (being preferably four) and all tangent little cylinder in centre of large and small cylindrical wall are set in the garden annulus between the little cylinder outer wall of large cylinder inwall and center again; Both non-intersect not tangent between little cylinder in the middle of each yet, and their axis all is parallel to the axis of large cylinder, each medium and small cylinder is all contour with large cylinder, and portion is with the public top of top shrouding of large cylinder, 2n+1 the separate space of separating mutually just arranged in the large cylinder like this, when this buoyancy aid need be provided with the vertical channel well, preferably utilize and be sandwiched in two spaces between the middle cylinder, the upper and lower side of passage well all has the road junction of using of a circle; Each separate space of integrated buoyancy aid both can be that the hemi-closure space that opening directly opens wide and seawater communicates is arranged at the bottom, also the totally-enclosed space of seal base is arranged at the bottom, on the seal base of each seal cavity, all be provided with remote control water-in and water-out valve, remote control charge valve, remote control blow off valve, relevant air duct and water level detector cable etc., these relevant pipelines can enter the buoyancy aid bottom from the vertical channel well, also can enter the bottom of buoyancy aid from the outer side edges of large cylinder; The exhausr port of wherein being located at the gas exhaust duct in each seal chamber must place near the top of each seal cavity, the buoyancy that makes control system conveniently control each enclosure space to be produced.

The integrated buoyancy aid of honeycomb type is the center with the positive hexagonal prism shape of the benchmark of suitable designing requirement cavity body, be close to its each cylinder splicing-in one circle positive hexagonal prism the same with the positive hexagonal prism of benchmark, afterwards with the so positive hexagonal prism shape cavity body of the same manner splicing-in multi-turn, (n is for centering on the hexagonal number of turns of center reference till the n circle that designing institute needs, its value is a natural number), integrated buoyancy aid that profile also is positive hexagonal prism shape of final formation, so just be called the honeycomb ceramics that includes [1+3n (1+n)] positive hexagonal prism shape of individual benchmark cavity body in the whole integrated buoyancy aid, above-mentionedly only say face for the structure of buoyancy aid, adjacent positive hexagonal prism shape cavity body is all used this public chamber wall during actual the manufacturing, to obtain minimum manufacturing cost.Minimum " honeycomb " that will leave a back cover not of neither binding also made the vertical channel well of used pipeline of this integrated buoyancy aid and maintenance in the integrated buoyancy aid of each honeycomb type, the top shrouding of all the other each independent hexagonal prism shape cavitys fuses and forms public top shrouding, their downward " honeycomb holes " mouth equally both can be directly to open wide and the seawater connection, also can have form seal cavity the bottom shrouding, when seal base is arranged, all be equiped with on each " honeycomb hole " cooresponding seal base plate remote operatedly to advance, flowing water Valve, the remote control charge valve, the remote control blow off valve, relevant air duct and water level detector cable etc., the exhaust pipe mouth of gas exhaust duct wherein must place near the top of each hexa-prism seal cavity, so that control system can be controlled the buoyancy that each enclosure space produces reliably.

When in above-mentioned garden cover garden type and honeycomb type each little enclosure spaces of two kinds of integrated buoyancy aids, the softer inner tube of a tyre being set, except being provided with remote control turnover water valve, also should being provided with and being convenient to that the inner tube of a tyre is installed and the manhole door of maintenance on each cooresponding sealed bottom in independent sealed space; " honeycomb hole " that will leave a back cover not of neither binding also in the employed integrated buoyancy aid of non-netted shape platform makes the vertical channel well of used pipeline of this integrated buoyancy aid and maintenance.

The 3rd, provide the stability of buoyancy to divide by buoyancy aid, can be divided into permanent buoyancy-type buoyancy aid and non-permanent buoyancy-type buoyancy aid; Permanent buoyancy buoyancy aid is made up of the shell of the buoyancy that the object materials that produces constant buoyancy and these objects of collection produce, the shell of buoyancy aid is normally by ferro-concrete, metal, rubber, the material that toughness such as composite material are bigger is made, the interior usefulness of the cavity of shell does not seep water and the permanent buoyant material (as purpose made obturator-type foamed plastic) more light than water produces constant buoyancy, and they are placed the inner chamber of various non-permanent buoyancy buoyancy aids, again to be that the root mode is bundled on the ad hoc position, buoyancy aid inwall bottom, make corresponding non-constant force buoyancy aid become permanent buoyancy buoyancy aid after preferably these permanent buoyant materials being packed in the mesh bag; Permanent buoyancy-type buoyancy aid all breaks when leaking at its outer wall, inwall, all can also keep most buoyancy, therefore as long as the effect of playing fixing permanent buoyant material of the shell of permanent buoyancy buoyancy aid might not have the good air-tightness of asking, usually the pressure inside and outside the shell is identical, this makes that its shell shape can be as required and change flexibly, might not adopt compressive property good cylindric or spherical shapes; But not permanent buoyancy-type buoyancy aid inner chamber all fills with air and obtains buoyancy, and during gas leakage, its buoyancy can reduce even complete obiteration in case the chamber shell of sealing air or the inner tube of a tyre all break.

The 4th, whether having the leak free inflatable inner tube by buoyancy aid divides, can be divided into inner tube of a tyre class buoyancy aid and non-inner tube of a tyre class buoyancy aid again, inner tube of a tyre class buoyancy aid is normally by ferro-concrete, metal, the sealable big shell that the material that rigidity such as composite material are bigger is made, serve as a contrast the inner tube of a tyre that good strong but pliable in texture and resilient rubber of one or more employing air-tightness or artificial synthesized polymer material etc. are made in the cavity of shell again, the bottom of shell is provided with the salable manhole door of being convenient to install and change the inner tube of a tyre, the sealable big shell and the inner tube of a tyre can obtain to produce the pressurized air of buoyancy from compressed air system, owing to used the inner tube of a tyre to improve the buoyancy supportability of all kinds of buoyancy aids greatly, also make various on hardware for non-detouchable buoyancy aid obtained to have can " soft " dismounting function;

The 5th, whether the buoyancy that provides by buoyancy aid has regulating power to divide, and can be divided into buoyancy adjustable type buoyancy aid (being called for short the adjustable type buoyancy aid) and the non-adjustable type buoyancy aid of buoyancy (being called for short non-adjustable type buoyancy aid); The adjustable type buoyancy aid has a sealable shell of being made by material of construction, in the space that shell contains, one or more independently cavitys are arranged, each independent cavity all is provided with to this cavity pours water, advancing of draining, drain hose and inflation, the appendix of exhaust, the sensor cable of freeing pipe and water level detector and transmission water level information etc., wherein water inlet, drainage pipeline, all insert with sensor cable in the bottom of annular seal space shell, and inflate, freeing pipe both can insert in the bottom of housing, also can insert at the top of housing, when freeing pipe inserted in the bottom, the exhausr port of chamber inside exhaust pipe will place the top of inner chamber; Water inlet, drainage pipeline and inflation, freeing pipe all are provided with the remote control valve that is subjected to the control of platform posture monitoring system accordingly; These remote valves can be the valve of types such as electronic control type, air-driven type, hydraulic, ecp type and electric-controlled hydraulic type; Water level detector can be the water level detector of types such as electric contact type, electromagnetic type, photoelectric type, ultrasonic type, laser class then, and both can use wherein a kind of also can be by the use that combines of above-mentioned various models separately.Discrete buoyancy aid, integrated buoyancy aid, inner tube of a tyre formula buoyancy aid, compound buoyancy aid etc. can be made adjustable buoyancy aid.

The 6th, the function of sharing by buoyancy aid is divided again, can be divided into active service buoyancy aid, standby buoyancy aid and part-time buoyancy aid.The active service buoyancy aid is exactly to be in the buoyancy aid that effective buoyant state can be provided, standby buoyancy aid does not then usually provide available buoyancy and is in the buoyancy aid of suspended state, part-time buoyancy aid is the buoyancy aid that can provide available buoyancy to have other purposes (as storing compressed air or submersible service space) again, can be divided into basic buoyancy aid again and regulate buoyancy aid in the active service buoyancy aid; Each basic buoyancy aid is born jointly provides whole platform itself and the needed whole buoyancy of fixation means, this is to make the platform attitude keep stablizing the most basic needed buoyancy, basic buoyancy aid can be served as by permanent buoyancy-type buoyancy aid, difunctional buoyancy aid and non-permanent buoyancy buoyancy aid that outer casing rupture also can keep providing most originally, each basic buoyancy aid all is in the state that it can provide maximum buoyancy usually, and can not at will reduce; Regulate buoyancy aid and then what that regulate buoyancy aid inner chamber charge air to be used for the needed buoyancy of live load in the balance platform specially in order to provide by, it provides the size of buoyancy is controlled by attitude control system; Standby buoyancy aid then can become the active service buoyancy aid at more above-mentioned active service buoyancy aids (basic buoyancy aid and regulate buoyancy aid) very soon when the buoyancy fault takes place, and the buoyancy that lost of the active service buoyancy aid of full remuneration fault:

The 7th, the compound type buoyancy aid, it is by having above-mentioned adjustable buoyancy aid, integrated buoyancy aid, discrete buoyancy aid, the buoyancy aid that various features such as permanent buoyancy buoyancy aid form by various combination, as after setting up the inner tube of a tyre again in each closed inner chamber of integrated buoyancy aid, just constituting the integrated compound buoyancy aid of inner tube of a tyre formula, that sets up an inner tube of a tyre in discrete buoyancy aid just becomes the discrete compound buoyancy aid of single inner tube of a tyre, that sets up two above inner tubes of a tyre in discrete buoyancy aid just becomes the discrete compound buoyancy aid of many inner tubes of a tyre, the permanent buoyancy material of a filling part material compound buoyancy aid of permanent buoyancy that just becomes to be as the criterion in the buoyancy aid inner chamber, in the buoyancy aid inner chamber not only the permanent buoyancy material material of filling part but also the inner tube of a tyre is set just become the compound buoyancy aid of the accurate permanent buoyancy of inner tube of a tyre formula, compound buoyancy aid all has very high buoyancy supportability.

Owing to adopt the platform of the basic block splicing that joinery and its construction is only arranged, its joinery and its construction can only produce the latching force of a certain direction in vertical direction and the horizontal direction, so must with lockout mechanism remedy joinery and its construction the latching force of scarce direction, lockout mechanism can stop the changing of the relative positions of issuable vertical and horizontal direction between the basic half submerged body piece that is stitched together, and makes each basic half submerged body piece of mutual splicing-in closely be linked to be a firm integral body.Therefore various basic half submerged body pieces all utilize lockout mechanism to obtain the latching force of all directions.Lockout mechanism all is arranged on the horizontal splicing-in frame of interblock or on the vertical splicing-in limit (pillar) of interblock.Be positioned on the horizontal splicing-in limit lockout mechanism by two horizontal day word shape (or order word shapes, or paliform) locking ring, one cover can pass in the locking ring locking of each lock hole and fasten, one cover makes locking fasten the crossbeam that seals of formation closed, one cover root places the compositions such as tight power buttress between " the horizontal stroke " between sealing among crossbeam and day (order) font locking ring two lock holes, in like manner, the composition that is positioned at the lockout mechanism on the vertical splicing limit (top, the angle pillar of piece and the pillar on the splicing-in limit) is also identical, only " day " word of locking ring from the pose recovery of accumbency to upright posture; It both can be that discrete bar-shaped type also can be combined that locking is wherein fastened.It is the rod member that the lock hole of one and locking ring is complementary that bar-shaped locking is fastened, and the position that is positioned at lock hole in the rod is owing to the pulling force that should bear level bears vertical shearing force again, thereby has bigger cross-sectional area.The two ends of rod are for connecting the screw rod that seals crossbeam, and the number that bar-shaped locking is fastened is decided by the number of lock hole number; Two kinds of combined locking is fastened can U-shaped (or ∏ shape) and mountain fonts, U-shaped combination locking is fastened and is applicable to a day font locking ring, and mountain font combination locking is fastened and is applicable to order font locking ring; In order to make the basic half submerged body pieces of two of being stitched together obtain enough binding forces, above-mentioned one or two even fine horizontal three-dimensional day (or order) font locking ring that overlaps side by side of a plurality of energy are being fixed in the corresponding position of (or below) above two basic half submerged body piece splicing-in limits of splicing usually; When using combined locking to fasten, U-shaped, ∏ shape (or chevron) locking fasten on even keel from side by side two days (order) font locking ring two (three) individual lock holes pass, this section that is in the lock hole fastened in locking will bigger face sectional area, this section locking is fastened can bear prevent interblock from horizontal fastening force can bear the vertical shear that the changing of the relative positions produced up and down between adjacent block again, and locking is fastened near opening and is worn this section position for the less relatively bolt of cross-sectional area, these two sections bolts can be passed seal two less levels connection perforation on the crossbeam, during nut on tighting a bolt, fasten and seal the horizontal fastening force that closing ring that crossbeam forms produces make two locking rings of interblock relative horizontal displacement can not occur under the effect of horizontal buttress by the combination locking; Use discrete type locking will lock with two (being applicable to a day font locking ring) or three (being applicable to order font locking ring) when fastening to fasten pass lock hole after, making the connecting bore of sealing two ends crossbeam be enclosed within bar-shaped locking again fastens on sieve bar at two ends, such two are sealed the bar-shaped locking of crossbeam and two (or three) bar and fasten and also form the sealing anchor ear embracing two locking rings and be a mouthful word shape (date shape), utilization places the horizontal buttress that seals between " the horizontal stroke " that crossbeam and two lock holes clip, tighten the just horizontal fastening force of lockable mechanism acquisition of nut that the locking of excellent type fastens two ends, above-mentioned locking fasten when carrying out specific design, should make the locking fasten passing lock hole after, all leave certain clearance between the upper inside wall of locking last bearing surface of fastening and lock hole, this gap should be able to hold make lock fasten the correcting wedge that do not produce relative displacement with lock hole to or fluid pressure type (or vapour-pressure type) pressure cushion block; In order to assemble lockout mechanism smoothly, usually regulate the buoyancy of half submerged body piece buoyance lift spare earlier, the lock hole axis of two locking rings can be overlapped substantially, two lock holes that just can pass easily on two differences, the half submerged body piece are fastened in locking like this, thereby obtain enough thrusts by the pressure of adjusting working medium in right overlapping thickness of correcting wedge or the adjustment input pressure cushion block then and resist the vertical shear that interblock occurs, make locking fasten and lock hole between the space of relative displacement can not appear, thereby descend the vertical fastening force of the changing of the relative positions on the piece that lockout mechanism obtains to stop the phase splicing-in and the piece.According to as a same reason, above-mentioned lockout mechanism also can lock between the building blocks unit to splicing-in.

Though corresponding strut member is all arranged at the top of above-mentioned various basic block buoyance lift spares, but these strut members all have some common features, it is characterized in that: the pillar of forming strut member all stands on the top of buoyance lift spare, and the pillar that has the limit function of vertically abandoning concurrently generally all vertically stands on the horizontal splicing-in frame at buoyance lift spare top; Each pillar all can adopt materials such as metal, ferro-concrete, composite material to make, and every pillar should reach needed safety supports intensity with the cross-sectional plane of minimum; When the material of using during as ferro-concrete, it is solid cylindric that the trunk of pillar preferably is.The height of every pillar should be more than or equal to fully developed sea and platform bottom security personnel's buoyancy aid height sum 1.1 times.Attitude control system always makes whole half submerged body flat-bed floating line maintain buoyance lift spare top to the place, half high position between security personnel's buoyancy aid bottom usually, even when occurring fully developed sea that designing institute bears like this, the top of the waves that can make the security personnel's buoyancy aid bottom that is in below the platform not be subjected to the crest place impacts, and can not surfaced at the trough place in buoyance lift spare top.During fully developed sea that the fully developed sea of bearing when designing institute equals once to occur on the earth, the then test that just can bear any billow by the made offshore platform of this principle of design.The strut member that pillar constitutes is the direct position of crossing swords mutually with the wave that rises and falls of whole half latent raft, and the volume of each pillar is compared much smaller with whole raft total displacement (volume) in the strut member, platform and integrally is subjected to the influence of the fluctuating buoyancy that the heave of the sea effect causes also just relatively much smaller by pillar, and general semisubmersible raft is all built enough greatly, make its length on all directions of level all bear the wavelength of wave much larger than designing institute, numerous so irregular crests and trough can be cancelled each other basically to the fluctuating application force that whole semisubmersible raft produces, even so what big jolting also can not occur under the environment of platform when being in design fully developed sea, and still can keep suitable pulsation-free attitude.

Platform is supported by strut member, and it outmatches air space above sea, when strut member designs by corresponding fully developed sea standard, can hide the attack that any billow may appear in this zone, relies on the basis so platform can become the ideal of application body waterborne; Though various buoyance lift spares have variform platform, but these platforms all have some common features, be that platform periphery in the basic block has and the same splicing frame of buoyance lift spare splicing frame, the lower edge of splicing frame all is provided with the locking ring of the lockout mechanism that can splice mutually with adjacent platforms, platform both can with the strut member manufacturing that connects together, also can make separately, can also combine with application body waterborne and make.

Security personnel's buoyancy aid can provide the failure-free security personnel buoyancy to raft under the contingency emergency situation, it normally is close to the various buoyancy aids that install the raft bottom surface, but the difunctional buoyancy aid that some of them had also not only had the storing compressed air function but also had security personnel's buoyancy aid function.

The flat-bed liptinite has two kinds of netted liptinite and column liptinites.The flat-bed liptinite is subjected to making its bevelled external force (as wind-force) to do the time spent suddenly at platform can be naturally provide an additional buoyancy opposite with external force to stop the bevelled development to platform, make platform unallowed inclination can not occur and keep more stable state, it can stop the bevelled stability force for various rafts provide.Because raft of the present invention is the volume very little pillar that can not produce much buoyancy relatively in this section vertical range that water surface wave rises and falls, this makes platform obtain not the good storm resistance that can pitch with wave effectively, but also weakened raft greatly to the live load stability of (or claiming dynamic load), be that platform load in the horizontal direction is when less relatively variation takes place or be subjected to external force (wind-force) to do the time spent, platform but relatively large inclination can occur, this is that we are undesirable, it also is the key that we will deal with problems, utilize liptinite just can improve the stability of the dynamic load of raft effectively, it can only provide the buoyancy support to the flat-bed side of sinking, to reach the purpose that stops bevelled to further develop, it and posture monitoring system are worked in coordination, and can make platform keep normal steadily attitude effectively.Liptinite is that a tiling ground swims in the sea and occupies very big water surface area and oneself is as hermetic netted buoyancy aid, its mesh can be shapes such as triangle or polygon, the size of the effective aperture of mesh eyes is much larger than the size of netting twine diameter, the ratio of the two size is generally all more than three, and mesh also should satisfy the requirement that allows the removable buoyance lift spare of basic block therefrom pass through; The line that " is made into " netted liptinite have two kinds linear, they are all by two thick tubuloses " yarn " be combined into, these two yarns are not to be combined into line in the mode of twining routinely, but be combined into line according to parallel mode, and be combined into the characteristics of line according to these two tubuloses " yarn ", these lines are divided into pass through molded lines and tangent molded lines mutually: passing through molded lines mutually is the mode be combined into that is passed through mutually by cylinder by two parallel tubuloses " yarn ", and tangent molded lines is to press the tangent mode be combined into of cylinder by two parallel tubuloses " yarn "; Then use these " yarns " to do material and make the stable unit that constitutes liptinite, stable unit also should have mutually passes through stable unit of type and the stable unit of cut type mutually mutually, forms needed netted liptinite with these stable unit assemblies then; The shape of stable unit be one simple bar-shaped, constitute the two ends of excellent two tubuloses " yarn " and the flange that the both sides, middle part all are useful on splicing, the flange face at " yarn " two ends is perpendicular to the axis of " yarn ", and the flange face that is fixed in both sides, " yarn " middle part is parallel to the plane at two parallel tubular shapes " yarn " place; Figuratively speaking, it is contour not isometrical and central axis is parallel and the huge cylindrical shape can that passes through mutually side by side at cylinder the spitting image of two to pass through stable unit mutually, on its cross sectional drawing, see, one of them jar is a garden ring-type owing to the garden cylinder tank skin that is kept perfectly makes the cross section, the face of cylinder tank skin of another jar then is cut open one breach and removes that short part of camber line at the intersection place, make the cross-sectional plane of jar be crescent shape (in fact, this crescent shape does not cut out when making of metal sheet, but process with the specialized equipment of bending roll and so on), then at their intersection and another intact jar cylinder outer wall weld together closely, after at both ends welded with corresponding crescent or circular shrouding again, stable unit just had two independently sealed modules; All be equiped with the sensor that makes attitude control system energy real-time perception inner chamber change of level in these two cabins, cross-sectional plane is meniscate sealed module and makes water tank, just often it is full of water and is submerged in the underwater, and is equiped with confession attitude control systems such as automatically controlled water filling, sluicing valve, inflation, blow off valve and carries out buoyancy control; The sealed module that cross-sectional plane is garden shape is on the gas cabin bubbles through the water column, it also can have the effect of the storage tank in the compressed air system concurrently, the pressurized air of its storage when needed both can charge into pressurized air to following water tank and come draining in order to increase the buoyancy of liptinite under the control of part control system, can also need compressed-air actuated buoyancy aid that pressurized air is provided to other, so it also is equiped with devices such as automatically controlled charge valve, steam supply valve, water level detector and pressure sensor.Stablizing unit when connecting into the netted complete liptinite of post, the longitudinal axis of the water tank of each stable unit all is on the same horizontal surface, and liptinite intrinsicly is used for preventing that the calcaneus branches post from the resilient snubber of hard collision (as scrap tire rubber etc.) taking place should wrapping near near the position each pillar of supporting layer; In order to reduce investment outlay, in liptinite, there is the position of longer straight line (or camber line) section can be with the metal or the ferro-concrete bobbin of an equal length, be divided into suitable circular or crescent dividing plate and have a plurality of stable first assembly the same with the bamboo joint structure of bamboo, wherein the radius size of water tank is selected by following principle, make the total weight of whole liptinite after the water tank fills with water just equal half of its full displacement exactly, (full displacement is whole liptinite time that is submerged in water full institute's drain water amount).Tangent stable unit is the level of state by two axis and is distributed on the same vertical surface two and constitutes with the parallel tangent cylinder of cylinder, like this its cross-sectional plane just become one with the identical feature of Arabic 8 word shape shapes.The flange set-up mode of tangent stable unit is identical with the set-up mode that passes through stable unit mutually.The cavity of tangent stable unit top cylinder is done the gas cabin, and the cylinder cavity of below is made water tank, and wherein the radius size of water tank is selected by following principle, makes the total weight of whole liptinite after the water tank fills with water just equal half of its full displacement exactly.Make numerous stable first splicing-ins become the huge net of one and half floading conditions by the butt flange of stablizing first two ends and middle part, huge net outermost edge does not all have closed-loop and is radial as the long awl tooth, thus obtain not rise and fall on the waves and flexible connecting member that again can be by having elastic buffer function to the provide support valuable performance of buoyancy of the position that raft sinks.Special use is that solid hole or crossbeam are connected in the flexible connecting member (i.e. the attaching parts assembly of forming with elastic component and hawser or chain series connection) of whole liptinite by the flexible pooling feature of a plurality of point of connection apparatus and the buoyance lift layer top.Just often netted liptinite is half floating state, and from whole its maximum wavelength of all bearing of size on direction in length and breadth of throwing the net much larger than designing institute, make the crest and the trough that can contain numerous irregular fluctuatings in this huge net, crest can be cancelled each other to the lower pulling force of liptinite basically to the last thrust and the trough of liptinite, owing to have above-mentioned architectural feature, liptinite ability qualifiedly does not does not rise and fall on the waves and stably is on the sea level, and it with whole platform what big interaction force does not take place yet usually; Under the effect of wind-force or platform live load, when inclination or sinking appear in platform, the position that stable physical efficiency is promptly only sunk in platform by flexible connecting member provides a bigger additional buoyancy, in order to stop bevelled to further develop, reach the purpose that makes platform stable, also the adjustable buoyancy aid that provides the enough adjustment time allow buoyancy reserve for attitude control system produces needed buoyancy and makes raft return to normal attitude.In addition, under unexpected situation, be that the whole standby buoyancy aid that should be able to produce buoyancy in the buoyance lift spare all is full of in the time of can't compensating (maybe should the increase) buoyancy that is lost behind the air, attitude control system can also be sent instruction, the pressurized air of utilizing compressed air system (or pressurized air of utilizing self gas cabin to store) to provide is discharged the water of liptinite bottom water tank, satisfy stable needs to produce extra compensation buoyancy, so liptinite also has the second standby buoyance lift body function concurrently.In order to make full use of the usefulness of liptinite, the gas cabin of liptinite is usually by a part of storage tank of crossing as previously mentioned that it is designed to energy double as compressed air system.The displacement of liptinite mainly to bear capsizing moment that design produces during maximum wind power by whole raft and when normal the use on the raft size of live load decide.By last analysis as can be known, liptinite is to provide steady stability buoyancy so that the mode of static state is next to platform, it and the dynamic buoyancy of initiatively stablizing that is produced under posture monitoring system control by the adjustable buoyancy aid with buoyancy reserve make the platform held stationary decide attitude together jointly, in general, provide in the maximum buoyancy scope stablizing physical efficiency, platform inclination is big more, and it is also big more to compensation buoyancy that the sinking position provides, it and the adjustable buoyancy aid that can produce compensation buoyancy under attitude control system join together to use, and have improved the adaptability to changes of raft effectively, safety and smoothness.Usually, load has big raft jumpy in small floating platform and the use, must be equipped with the corresponding suitable liptinite with big displacement.

The column liptinite is a column cavity body that longer dimension is arranged, and is preferably oval tubular inner tube of a tyre formula buoyancy aid; Numerous liptinites is distributed in the top of buoyance lift spare dispersedly with uniform level interval, and vertically stretch out the water surface as the massive pillar highland, it adopts removably to be planted on the buoyance lift spare, thereby can change bad column liptinite easily, when platform inclination, the column liptinite can provide bigger stable buoyancy to inclined side; Obviously, an independent column liptinite is like water off a duck's back to the pitch force that overcomes wave, has only the principle of utilizing numerous irregular column liptinites that are distributed in crest and trough that jolting of platform and integrally made a concerted effort to go to zero to eliminate wave to the flat-bed pitch force; In addition, the pillar and the column liptinite of strut member are combined, make and to produce the sealable cylinder pillar of effectively stablizing buoyancy, this cylinder pillar preferably adopts the salable cylinder pillar of inner tube of a tyre formula float structure, it has the advantage in economical with materials and space, but has also lost the advantage that can carry out hard dismounting and change.

The submersible service body is the object that utilizes the hydrospace that whole raft provides, these objects all depend on the buoyance lift body, they put body on can being subdivided into usually with respect to buoyance lift spare, following hanging body and chimera, on put body and can be usually and place buoyance lift spare top to be used for storage liquid somatocyst bag, prevent the wave resistance fence (bulwark) propagated in the scope that wave requires in platform, be used to absorb the wave power device that wave energy is generated electricity, the ocean temperature differential power device, or be used to net cage of culturing marine product etc., following hanging body or chimera be submerged in be affiliated in buoyance lift spare below in the water or be embedded in the member that can be applicable to various uses among the buoyance lift spare and certain independence is arranged (as speed per hour reach 10,000 kilometers the vacuum tunnel arteries of communication of hyper-speed under water or with the similar conventional arteries of communication of iron phase usually, the goods delivery duct, the ocean temperature differential power device, the members such as ocean floor cold water pumping pipe that are used for energy source device), these submersible service bodies both can rely on main buoyance lift spare to provide buoyancy also can provide required part or all of buoyancy by the buoyance lift spare of self installing, even submersible service body itself does not only need buoyance lift spare that buoyancy is provided, can buoyancy be provided and become the part of buoyance lift spare Source for buoyancy to buoyance lift spare on the contrary, just can become the submersible service body that buoyancy can be provided to buoyance lift spare as traffic tunnel etc. under water, but they have all with buoyance lift spare related closely.

Floating type flat-bed anchor fitting subsystem makes platform be fixed in a certain sea area, but it links thing by the metal of the superhigh intensity of seawater corrosion resistance or non-metallic rope, chain row culture, the anchor made from huge anchor or weight and constitute by capstan winch that the tension function is arranged etc., and, can be equiped with many cover anchor fittings according to meteorological hydrologic condition and the geological condition in seabed and the size of raft etc. in local sea area; Blowing of making that raft can stand that various wind directions the wind comes from scraped with the effect of ocean current and unallowed drift can not taken place, and can stably be fixed in pre-Dinghai District.

Floating type flat-bed attitude control system makes platform floating line everywhere all remain on the steady attitude of buoyance lift spare top to place, half high position between security personnel's buoyancy aid bottom, it is made up of following several subsystems, and promptly compressed air sub-system, vector propeller, the sea indication subsystem of being made up of a plurality of seas instrument, the sensor subsystem of being made up of the sensor of variations such as water level, pressure and member strain in the reflection buoyancy aid become with these five groups of subsystems such as adjusting control subsystem that by computing machine or microprocessor are core.Because the effect of factors such as the variation of meteorological effect, platform load and some active service buoyancy aids leak, platform tends to depart from originally and holds position normally, posture monitoring system just can make platform recover the flat-bed normal attitude according to the variation of above-mentioned factor in real time, initiatively, effectively.

The sea instrument is the benchmark that posture monitoring system is judged each position sink-float of platform, and it can provide a very actual sea of pulsation-free in surging sea.The sea instrument is divided into class and this two big class of strange land class on the spot; Class sea, strange land instrument is made up of the position fixing system (being GPS) of satellite, sink-float that it not only can detection platform but also horizontal drift that can detection platform.Sea instrument on the spot, as its name suggests, it just is provided in a side of platform from one's body sea instrument, and the sea instrument has the deep-sea type and at the deep-sea and all spendable universal two kinds of shallow sea on the spot.

Type sea, deep-sea instrument structure is simpler, it is made up of a deep sea water communicating pipe and a long cylinder annular seal space shell that generates local steady sea, deep sea water is communicated with more than 200 meter of pipe range, and vertically stretch into be subjected to wave effect very little 200 surplus in the above deep water of rice, the mouth of pipe at the deep-sea end is fixed with a guard that prevents that foreign matter from stopping up, be connected by the sea indictor tube in flange (or special conduit coupling) and a velamen places with wave of the sea is isolated the oval tubular containment shell at this end that is in the sea, the water surface of resultant calmness has just been represented actual sea in the indictor tube of sea like this, the cylindrical shape containment shell be vertically fixed on the pillar of strut member and the top that makes shell near the flat-bed bottom, usually the length of cylindrical shape containment shell is slightly less than the raft bottom to the distance between the buoyance lift spare top, sea indictor tube length in the shell is slightly shorter than shell, make the sea instrument have big as far as possible range, the length of oval in fact tubular containment shell is only relevant with employed water level detector model and design-calculated range in the shell of chamber, the length of whole sea indicating instrument can become shorter when adopting the less water level detector of less range and volume, and various seas instrument all should make the intermediate value (or claiming 0 scale) of its range locate to coincide with half submerged body platform normal load draught line when mounted; Be equiped with the water level detector that the sea water level in the indictor tube of sea is monitored in the seal chamber, water level detector can adopt models such as electric contact type, electromagnetic type, photoelectric type, ultrasonic type and laser class, or the organic assembling of above-mentioned various sensors, preferably adopt the laser class water level detector that range is big, precision is high.There is the end cap of the water level detector that is easy for installation and maintenance the upper end of sea instrument cylindrical shape containment shell cavity, end cap is connected by flange with main cavity, adding packing seal between these two flanges seals, near below the flange, two perforates are arranged, one is used for the sensor installation cable socket, to seal with packing seal or additive method between socket and the casing wall, another is used for introducing one section small-bore communicating pipe, the outer wall of this Guan Yiduan and sea instrument casing wall combine closely, the other end is connected by the outlet of Tube jointer with an automatically controlled triple valve, the normal open import of triple valve also is connected with an atmospheric communicating pipe by Tube jointer, atmospheric communicating pipe has an elbow that makes the mouth of pipe to next 180 degree after upwards leading to the platform bottom, and the normally closed import of triple valve is connected with the compressed air system that is specifically designed to detection sea instrument by Tube jointer and corresponding pipeline; Be used to check the source of the gas of the compressed air system of sea instrument, by obtaining by reducing valve to the female pipe of the gas filed compressed air system master of buoyancy aid; Just often the inner chamber of the cylindrical shape containment shell of sea instrument communicates by the normal open walk and the atmosphere of automatically controlled triple valve, to guarantee the normal operation of instrument, when needs check that seawater communicating pipe of certain sea instrument is whether blocked, as long as connect the power supply of the automatically controlled triple valve of this sea instrument, the state of switching valve, be that triple valve makes the compressed air system of inner chamber and inspection sea instrument connect when making sea instrument inner chamber and atmospheric isolation again, the pressure of inner chamber raises, if the very fast decline of the water surface in the seawater communicating pipe of sea instrument, show that then reaching marine communicating pipe does not have blocked, otherwise, show that then this pipe has been stopped up by foreign matter or the cavity sealing property is bad, like this can be often and check the integrity of sea instrument easily, and in time handle accordingly; Certainly, when checking the integrity of sea instrument, the sea value of sea instrument indication is false, should mask it, and not present toward attitude control system, in order to avoid control system produces wrong decision-making.

Universal sea instrument is used for shallow water and deep water sea area, and it is made up of two parts up and down, and its bottom is the sea susceptor of an octopus shape, and its top is a long cylinder annular seal space shell that generates local steady sea.The structure of annular seal space shell and type sea, deep-sea instrument are identical, be to be with the sea indictor tube of an actual ash breeze of representative in the annular seal space and to be provided with to detect the water level detector that ash breeze changes, inequality only is cylinder containment shell lower end seawater communicating pipe this part, not to be connected after sea indictor tube in the shell is drawn from the housing lower end with a communicating pipe as the deep-sea type, but and the top of experiencing parts, the sea of an octopus claw-like be connected together, there is the header (it is equivalent to the body of octopus) that can tell many branched pipes in the central authorities that parts are experienced on the sea, so-called header is exactly one section and is being drilled with the back cover garden pipe in a plurality of taps hole (axis of header in the installation site time in vertical state) on the face of cylinder, the outside, as eight long pawls of octopus, the tap hole from header connects many (being not limited to eight) length branch sampling lines all identical with internal diameter more then; The end of each branch's sampling line also all is with the guard that an anti-foreign matter stops up, and the Shen is in the different parts water from all directions of header, and each branch's sampling line end all is fixed on the dark as far as possible same degree of depth in buoyance lift spare bottom, each branch's sampling line of back is installed all must be dull decline state (the cargo tray for light cargo coiled that some position is long), and guarantee to make bubble in pipe, not have the place of stagnation, allow all be full of water in the pipe; Each branch's sampling line end should be distributed in the design-calculated maximum wavelength in zero this section interval to the distance of the intersection point on the plane at branch header axis and the terminal place of branched pipe, both can come value between them, and also can adopt gap distribution mode such as analog-to-digital to come value by the random scattering mode; Branch's sampling line is that stretch out in middle mind-set four directions with the axis of sea instrument, and the many more benchmark seas that obtain the indictor tube of sea in the instrument annular seal space of sea of the number of branch's sampling line are just stable more; The number of branch's sampling line can change flexibly according to the platform of different purposes; By the water level detector in the instrument but the true sink-float value at this instrument position of living in, sea of just perception is detected on this benchmark sea, utilize cable that this sink-float value is sent to the platform attitude control system, as the foundation of attitude control.

The vector propeller of raft is used for offsetting and makes platform produce the external force of horizontal drift, owing to be subjected to the effect of inevitable ocean current and wind-force, platform can produce little then tens meters big then horizontal drifts of tens meters even up to a hundred meters, the drift of amplitude is that flat-bed anchor fitting system is difficult to eliminate like this, also be unallowed simultaneously concerning the purposes of ask for something high stability, therefore must use the vector propeller that can produce comprehensive thrust to allow platform reach the desired degree of stability of some purposes.The helical vector propelling unit is by combustion engine or electric motor driven propeller plant, the primary mover of propelling unit can be arranged on the pedestal, the rail supported that is fixed in horizontal garden annular on the offshore platform or semi-round ring shape the pedestal of primary mover, (commentaries on classics that produces when combustion engine apart from by can or adopt when mouth realizes that the change speed gear box of positive and reverse steering conversion transmits directly with electrical motor produce change apart from the time, the track that supports the primary mover pedestal can be half garden annular), whole pedestal can come back rotation in the center of circle around circular orbit under the effect of draw gear on the circular orbit of garden, the power of primary mover horizontal shaft output sends the horizontal input shaft end of putting gear case to by the fluid coupling that speed-regulating function is arranged, cone gear in the gear case is paid and is become horizontally rotate into vertical rotation and send vertically downward output axle head to, and the garden that this mouth vertically downward don't fail to be positioned at the garden loop orbit in the heart, on put gear case casing be fixed on the same pedestal with primary mover, the upper end of a vertical sleeve overlap live in to put lower gearbox portion output axle head vertically downward and and on put gear case body and link together, the lower end of this sleeve entangle the lower tooth roller box input shaft end and and the lower limb gear case body connect together; (when primary mover adopts the electrical motor of vertical shaft, can not use the gear case of putting), the two ends that are in the tween drive spindle in the sleeve are connected with the output axle head of upper gear box and the input shaft end of underlying gear case respectively, two ends and middle part are all supported by the bearing that is fixed in the vertical sleeve about the tween drive spindle, tween drive spindle vertically stretches into marine in sleeve, the input shaft end of underlying gear case is accepted the commentaries on classics distance of intermediate rotary shaft transmission and by the bevel gear pair in the case it is sent on the output axle head of horizontality, the horizontal output axle head of underlying gear case connects horizontal screw propeller rotating shaft, the horizontal rotating shaft of screw propeller is supported by the bearing that is fixed on the horizontal bush inwall, one end of horizontal bush entangle the bottom bevel gear housing the output axle head and be fixed on the bevel gear housing casing of bottom, the other end of horizontal bush links together by a diagonal brace and vertical sleeve, forms a stable triangular structure; The length of vertical sleeve and vertical tween drive spindle should be able to make whole propeller all be in the below of maximum trough, screw propeller can not surfaced at the trough place, to obtain stable vectored thrust; The two ends up and down of vertical axle sleeve are supported by being fixed in two bearings of flat-bed, primary mover fuses by upper end gear case and vertical sleeve and can rotate with the whole center of circle around the garden loop orbit of support, thereby make spiral propeller produce needed vectored thrust, or figuratively speaking whole helical vector propeller system is exactly a huge ship tail machine, makes it can produce omnibearing horizontal thrust easily; The helical vector propelling unit is distributed in the both sides that whole flat-bed is indulged the axis and the horizontal longitudinal axis with the symmetric form of pairing, to obtain the needed compensation thrust of control system.

In addition, in order to allow the correctly residing azimuth of the angle of rake screw propeller horizontal shaft of perception helical vector in real time of posture monitoring system, also corresponding aspect sensor should be set.Aspect sensor has magnetic inductive and photo-electric two big classes.

The magnetic inductive aspect sensor is made up of a permanent magnet and a plurality of magnet-sensitive element, magnet-sensitive element can be dry-reed tube, magnetodiode, magnetic sensitive transistor and or Hall element etc., magnet-sensitive element is distributed on the outside of circular orbit or the horizontal circular ring of inner edge (or half garden ring) to have between the adjacent elements with equidistant mode, and the vertical projection in the center of circle of the vertical projection of the garden heart of horizontal circular ring and track garden ring overlaps; Permanent magnet is fixed on the ramuscule arm end that stretches out from pedestal, the physical condition that the length of little support arm should be able to satisfy this element when making the inswept magnet-sensitive element of permanent magnet produces significant change.

The photo-electric aspect sensor can launch ultrared shaven head by one and a plurality of infrared light activated photosensor that the corresponding light hair is gone out is formed, and the arrangements of elements mode of its arrangements of elements mode and magnetic inductive aspect sensor is identical.Specifically, be exactly that the infrared light end instr is distributed on the outside of circular orbit or the horizontal circular ring of inner edge (or half garden ring) to have between the adjacent elements with equidistant mode, the vertical projection in the center of circle of the vertical projection of the garden heart of horizontal circular ring and track garden ring overlaps; Infrared shaven head is fixed on the ramuscule arm end that stretches out from pedestal, the physical condition of this element produced significant change when the length of little support arm should be able to satisfy the inswept infrared light end instr of the light that makes infrared shaven head, and don't as for running into end instr.

Aspect sensor not only makes posture monitoring system can understand the current residing azimuth of screw propeller horizontal drive shaft of each vector propeller, and can also serve as guide and guide posture monitoring system to obtain needed vectored thrust, to satisfy the needs of platform stable.

The female pipe of the air feed master of the compressed air sub-system in the posture monitoring system can adopt single main piping-main scheme formula or segmentation master piping-main scheme formula, in segmentation master piping-main scheme formula, every section main female pipe all is connected by valve and one or more female pipe of segmentation master of supplying with the little mother's pipe of air compressor, one or more sub-district gas storage, the little female pipe of one or more sub-district air feed and the two ends, the left and right sides of source of the gas, specifically, exactly the pressurized air of sending by air compressor transfer in the female pipe of this section pressurized air master through a remote control source of the gas valve and a check valve; Be positioned at the main female pipe of this section two ends and be equiped with two remote control sectioning valves, utilize they can the female pipe of this section and adjacent about the main female pipe of each section carry out easily being connected and separation of variety of way, to improve the reliability of whole compressed air system source of the gas supply; Between the female pipe of main gas and every little female pipe of sub-district gas storage, be equiped with a remote control interchange valve, all there is a remote control to import and export air valve between each storage tank of every little female pipe of sub-district gas storage and this sub-district, utilize the import and export air valve of interchange valve and each storage tank, both can be in each storage tank that is connected on the little female pipe of gas storage the compressed air delivery on main female pipe, (these storage tanks both can be installed in and also can be installed in the buoyance lift spare under the platform), can also be stored in pressurized air in the gas cabin of liptinite by flexible pipe when needed in addition, can be when the female pipe of other sections master needs pressurized air like this pressurized air of storing in each storage tank of this section conversely to the female pipe of adjacent segment master air feed; It is main for air inlet valve to be connected with a remote control between female pipe of main gas and the little female pipe of each sub-district distribution, and between little female pipe of sub-district gas storage and the little female pipe of sub-district distribution, be connected with a remote control storage for air inlet valve, utilize these two air inlet valves can make distribution little female Guan Neng in sub-district both can obtain pressurized air easily and also can obtain pressurized air, improved the reliability of the little female Guan Xiangben of sub-district distribution sub-district buoyancy aid air feed widely from the little female pipe of gas storage from the female pipe of main gas; On the little female pipe of sub-district distribution, be equiped with many in parallel to the gas filed lateral of adjustable buoyancy aid, every branch all connects by a remote control charge valve, the other end of charge valve is by pipeline assembly and each adjustable buoyancy aid intracavity inter-connections such as flange, pipelines, attitude control system is controlled the remote control charge valve and the remote control sluicing valve of each buoyancy aid when needed, just can make adjustable buoyancy aid produce needed buoyancy.Can understand the situation of compressed air sub-system in order to make attitude control system, positions such as outlet conduit at the main female pipe of each section, the little female pipe of gas storage, the little female pipe of distribution, storage tank and compressed air engine all are equiped with pressure sensor, and utilize cable that these pressure sensors and attitude control system are coupled together.

Sensing system comprises the wind transducer and the air velocity transducer of the water level detector in buoyancy aid and the liptinite, the pressure sensor that reflects compressed air system each several part pressure, reflection wind direction and wind speed and reflects the flow velocity of ocean current and flow to ocean current sensor etc., these sensors all have ripe product, and the present invention's explanation is not planned to give unnecessary details.

The adjusting control subsystem adopts micro computer that the information that various sensors send is carried out comprehensive analysis processing, and in time sends the control corresponding instruction and make platform keep normal steadily attitude, so it is the brain of platform posture monitoring system.For example, it can be according to the information that sends of sea instrument everywhere of water level detector and platform in each buoyancy aid, can be rapidly definite perception is because of the fault buoyancy aid and the platform sink-float value everywhere of the loss of buoyance that leaks, and send buoyancy compensation at once and instruct, the one or more standby buoyancy aid of fault zone is inflated accordingly, draining, the buoyancy of the buoyancy equivalent that produces rapidly and lose, platform just returns to original steady attitude; If the buoyance lift spare or the inner tube of a tyre formula buoyancy aid of detachable class, when weather condition was good afterwards, the work drowned personnel just can change processing to the fault buoyancy aid at the scene easily, and whole platform returns to original state of health again.In addition, all be equiped with the strain sensor of distortion of reflection primary structure member and displacement at the key positions such as splice point of each relevant Beam post of platform and basic block, the platform posture monitoring system monitors according to the information that each strain sensor sends, when strain value exceeds the scope of setting, posture monitoring system also can in time be adjusted the buoyancy at each relevant place when sending alarm, exempt local member and bear too big even over proof stress, with the safety of guaranteeing each member and improve the whole flat-bed life-span.The liptinite instrument is that the position that is in the sinking direction in the platform increases the buoyancy support when platform sinks, to stop bevelled to further develop, posture monitoring system can adopt typical proportion integral differential regulative mode to carry out buoyancy adjustment simultaneously, make the adjustable buoyancy aid or the standby buoyancy aid that are in the buoyance lift spare of sinking position produce corresponding compensation buoyancy quickly, the real-time self-saving ability at this scene can allow platform initiatively return to normal attitude soon; Under the bigger situation that tilts, after promptly being full of gas all maximum standby buoyancy be provided with the position that has a down dip cooresponding standby buoyancy aid, when the cooresponding liptinite in position will all be submerged under water and platform has a down dip, the platform posture monitoring system just sends instruction, the water storage that discharge is in water tank in the liptinite at platform sinking position increases the buoyancy of liptinite, make platform that the support of the second standby buoyancy that provides by the liptinite water tank is provided, suitably the quantity of the standby buoyancy aid of configuration and the size of liptinite can guarantee platform pulsation-free needs fully; Can make and when extremely unexpected situation, obtain enough security personnel's buoyancy and be installed on numerous security personnel's buoyancy aids (storage tank that comprises compressed air system) bottom the platform to the platform that sinks to this position, like this concerning whole half latent raft, just have and be arranged in the numerous standby buoyancy aid of buoyance lift spare, be positioned at the liptinite on surface, sea and be installed on the guarantee critical point that numerous this three roads reserve buoyancy of security personnel's buoyancy aid in platform bottom is formed, make raft can not only be on the sea of blast angry waves steadily in the long term, but also can defeat huge tsunami, become the floating island that can not sink.

Implantation formula fixed platform is by standing in that the basic half submerged body piece of implantation formula on the sea bed is made pillar and the platform that constitutes, platform is provided with the attitude control system of being made up of compressed air system, vertical detection instrument, orientator (as the position fixing system that is formed by organic assembling such as super sonic seabed orientator, GPS, astrograph, gyroscopes), vector spiral propeller and micro computer etc., and prevents that the bevelled anchor system from appearring not allowing in platform under the effect of high wind, ocean current.The same with the floating type offshore platform, implantation formula fixedly offshore platform also is to adopt ferro-concrete, metal, composite material to make.Summarize and figuratively speaking, implantation formula fixedly offshore platform is exactly the floating type offshore platform that many long legs on the sea bed of standing are had in the bottom, so constitute the implantation formula fixedly the basic half submerged body piece of each implantation formula of offshore platform is actual is exactly the huge pillar that stands on the sea bed, the top sidewall of pillar trunk is provided with some and is commonly called as buttress into " bracket ", support the crossbeam of offshore platform by these buttresses, the height of pillar is greater than the depth of water in work sea area at least, the fully developed sea that design is born, this summation of the largest amount of subsidence that extreme tide range and platform occur when maximum load, trunk be lower than maximum trough around be provided with the additional buoyance lift body that can produce additional buoyancy usually, additional buoyance lift body can have the structure same with the buoyance lift body of semisubmersible basic block.

The implantation formula basic block that constitutes implantation formula fixed platform floating type basic block with raft before implantation not is the same, can both float on marine with half state of diving, but comparing with the shape of the basic block of raft, the shape that its trunk was to seem much dull, usually all be elongated bamboo pole shape, around the trunk of the maximum trough of design bottom, generally all be provided with the structure additional buoyance lift spare identical with floating type basic block buoyance lift spare.The basic half submerged body piece trunk of implantation formula all has very big axial and horizontal size ratio, its longitudinal axis all is the level of state when making, splicing and transporting, the basic half submerged body piece of implantation formula that splicing is good forms the studdle set of prism shape, after the pillar of this prism shape is integrated into the sea area that arrives the field of employment, by buoyancy control pillar is integrated in the seawater from the horizontal plumbness that becomes, and can on ready-made soft sea bed, stand firm and become the flat-bed pillar, then utilize them to construct fixedly offshore platform of implantation formula.The attitude control system and the anchor system that make platform keep perpendicular attitude are also arranged in the implantation formula offshore platform, and anchor system is used for strengthening ocean current and wind-force produce moment of deflection to platform the ability of resisting.This mode has been exempted the employing usual manner and has been handled spent substantial contribution and the time of pillar basis, simultaneously when not required, as long as shed the load (also can remove podium level in case of necessity) on the platform, charge into the capacity pressurized air to each sealed spacers of these pillars again and make whole combination pillar, go to settle down to new sea area from new floating.

The structure of basic half its trunk of submerged body piece of implantation formula is just the same with a bamboo pole, in a pipe, there is the dividing plate as the polylith ring that it is separated into a plurality of separate osed top space intervals, each all has enough big cavity to make the basic half submerged body piece of each cavity whole implantation formula after being full of air can both float on well at least in the water of low salinity at interval, and its full displacement and the ratio of its deadweight are reached more than 2; Each all is equiped with the relative assembly of this interval of control buoyancy size at interval, promptly be positioned at the Inlet and outlet water remote valve (or paddle hole) of bottom at interval and to the remote valve that puts on the air, carry out from the top, interval exhaust at interval and pipeline etc., these pipelines all connect together securely with half submerged body piece trunk and draw from the platform end and are connected source of the gas (with the interface of control line; Basic half submerged body piece in the implantation formula that is used for profound marine site, because of to the basic half submerged body piece of implantation formula bottom buoyance lift at interval gas filed air pressure up to 1000 multi-fold barometric pressures, therefore be necessary entire depth is divided into number proper depth interval by step-wise manner, air feed is come with the female pipe of the different pressurized air of pressure in interval in the different depth interval, with cost-cutting and raising safety; Each can be provided with by the standard of compound buoyancy aid at interval, for example, can adopt the method for inflatable inner tube formula to make the buoyancy of its acquisition have the double insurance that shell and the inner tube of a tyre are at interval formed, also can fix the material of a permanent buoyancy that produces surely at the top in each interval, at this moment each must leave the turnover water valve of being convenient to place the aperture of door of the inner tube of a tyre or permanent buoyancy aid at interval and this interval of control buoyancy being set on its bottom sidewall at interval during fabrication, inflation, parts such as blow off valve, there is sealing member at the edge of aperture of door, the door of aperture of door inwards, to external-open all can, but to guarantee that door has a leak tightness in working order.Each implantation formula offshore platform is generally all made pillar by three or more implantation formula basic block as required, certainly the less platform of some load only uses two even an implantation formula basic block to make pillar also to should be all right, for the root pillar that the basic half submerged body piece of each implantation formula is constituted can be combined into a single-piece prism-shaped pillar bundle each other well, there is multilayer to contain the chain-wales of trunk cross-sectional plane fully by axial distribution on the cylinder of the basic half submerged body piece trunk of each implantation formula, the vertical projection of each chain-wales can both coincide together, chain-wales is preferably the isosceles trapezoid shape, the axis of basic block is all perpendicular to chain-wales and pass the center of circle in the inscribe garden of chain-wales, the centre plane of each chain-wales preferably and the centre plane of " ring " (being dividing plate) coincide; " ring " that chain-wales is set when all needs all is distributed with chain-wales and truly has when needing, just the position between two " rings " is provided with chain-wales and (but does not mean that all necessarily there is a chain-wales at each dividing plate place, the number of chain-wales number is decided according to concrete needs fully), the center-point of the chain-wales of each respective layer generally can be linked to be an osed top triangle or plane polygon (only be less than three basic half submerged body pieces of implantation formula do the situation of pillar except) by adjacent ways of connecting on the basic half submerged body piece of each implantation formula of phase splicing-in, it is considered herein that preferably the center-point of each chain-wales can connect into an equilateral triangle or plane equilateral polygon; Therefore each chain-wales preferably all is that the isosceles trapezoid with same size (can be regarded rectangle as isosceles trapezoid that the base angle equals 90 degree, and only by two implantation formula basic block phase splicing-ins the time, chain-wales is generally semicircle), the size at this trapezoidal base angle is decided with the number of studdle, the pillar (being implantation formula basic block) that needs when platform design is when number is N, then the size of isosceles chain-wales base angle β is (180-360/N)/2 degree, all there are some to constitute the locking ring of interblock lockout mechanism on the two waist limits of each trapezoidal chain-wales, realize that with lockout mechanism this method of piece spare bonded assembly is identical with the semisubmersible basic block, each implantation formula basic block that splices mutually also is to utilize the lockout mechanism of being made up of these locking rings on the waist limit to realize the close-connected of interblock, just formed the big pillar with N prism shape by N root splicing-in implantation formula basic block trunk together like this, half submerged body piece trunk then just is on the rib of this prism; Because the trapezoidal chain-wales of every respective layer closely splicing-in forms a N equilater ring together, these rings can prevent the interblock rotation of each implantation formula basic block and to the inclination of center position, for more effective each basic half submerged body piece that prevents outwards separates, make they more tightly obvolvent together, the top that is preferably in each layer isosceles trapezoid chain-wales is provided with an anchor ear that can produce enough cohesive forces at the scene (screw rod that utilizes the anchor ear joint usually regulate effective girth of anchor ear and obtain cohesive force) around whole pillars from the outside; Above-mentioned splicing-in work all is to allow each long especially and very heavy implantation formula basic block them only become some little buoyancy earlier by the method for adjusting each several part buoyancy size in the piece in water or near carrying out easily after the horizontal attitude of suspension, in like manner, also be method that utilize to adjust each several part buoyancy size make from weigh thousands of, millions of in addition tens million of tons huge implantation formula basic block conglomerate in water around its center shaft rotation or make its center shaft become plumbness from horizontality.The bottom of each basic half submerged body piece all have a fan-shaped pedestal (in two leg platforms every pillar bottom base be semicircle shape), its area is compared much bigger with each isosceles trapezoid chain-wales, so that directly obtain enough big bearing force from soft sea bed surface, fan-shaped (or the garden ring section a shape) size of pedestal central angle alpha and the relation of isosceles trapezoid chain-wales base angle, top β size are α=180-2 β, are distributed with a lot of cup-shaped suckers that can obtain bearing force and adhesive ability from the sea bed of softness on pedestal and the bottom surface that sea bed contacts.Each implantation formula basic block is the same with the semisubmersible basic block both can incorporate pattern also can to adopt the pattern of unitization to constitute, the pattern of unitization is exactly the basic half submerged body piece of whole implantation formula to be divided into many sections the basic half submerged body building blocks unit of implantation formula by the direction of axis, connect by flange between each section building blocks unit, this flange not only has the function that connects each building blocks unit of this piece in the axial direction but also also has the function that connects adjacent basic block in the horizontal, therefore the outer rim of these flanges is not traditional circle generally, but is the echelon form that has certain requirements.The integrated pillar that utilization is made up of a plurality of implantation formula basic blocks just can be constructed fixedly offshore platform of implantation formula.This platform is under the effect of load, because the load difference of each level attitude on the difference of a pillar sea bed bearing value of living in and the platform, uneven subsidence may appear in each pillar, and platform also can produce some inclinations thereupon, and this is unallowed to some purposes; To revise and eliminate when these inclinations and handle are tilted in bud in order to monitor, must utilize the platform attitude control system to bear this task.The verticality detector of some aware platform tilt conditions need be set on platform for this reason and make the pillar at sinking position itself obtain the pressurized air buoyancy compensation device of bigger bearing force in real time.When the softer and platform of sea bed needs big load, can also each implantation formula basic block a little less than maximum trough position around (usually between vertical two adjacent chain-waless) additional buoyancy aid is set, these additional buoyancy aids in fact just play the effect of buoyance lift spare in the floating type offshore platform, the suitable buoyancy that produces by additional buoyancy aid satisfies the needs of the big load of platform and adjusts the pressure of each implantation formula basic block to sea bed, make the deflection of each piece on sea bed basic identical, thereby allow whole platform can keep good plumbness, or change angle, sea bed is only born flat-bed part load, and the load of its ground part is all born by the buoyancy that platform shank and additional buoyance lift spare are produced.Here it should be noted, the floatage energy that the flat-bed attitude control system should make additional buoyancy aid produce is dynamically followed the variation of platform load, otherwise after the heavy lift on the platform is shed, implantation formula fixed platform is floating possibly and be shifted under the combined action of buoyancy that additional buoyancy aid produces and basic block self buoyancy, and this is unallowed in some purposes.Since bathypelagic implantation formula fixedly offshore platform some very long " legs " are all arranged, thereby its amount of deflection is bigger, offshore platform is at wind-force, horizontal-shift or swing can appear under the effect of ocean current, this offset light among a small circle is difficult to overcome by anchor system, especially when requiring higher positioning stablity to spend, attitude control system must be come the offset vector of monitoring platform by orientator, and with this offset vector serve as according to make be installed on by platform in opposite directions dual-side top parallactic angle just pair of opposite or many to the vector spiral propeller produce one just can and the compensation thrust that offsets of skew external force, thereby make platform obtain needed horizontal stable degree.

The pressurized air that compressed air sub-system provided of implantation formula offshore platform attitude control system is mainly used to regulate the buoyancy of the additional buoyancy aid of each sealed spacer and piece outside thereof in the implantation formula basic block.This compressed air sub-system and the employed compressed air sub-system of floating type offshore platform are identical, needn't give unnecessary details at this.

Helical vector propelling unit and floating type platform in the implantation formula offshore platform attitude control system are employed just the same, repeat no more equally.

Vertical detection instrument in the implantation formula offshore platform attitude control system is made of parts such as base plate, shell, pendulum shape vertical reference spare, range finding probe, support, damping liquid and material.Base plate has a plurality of anchor bolt holes that are used for fixing instrument, and the bottom leak-tight joint of base plate and shell is in the same place.Shell can be divided into two parts up and down, two parts can constitute an annular seal space housing by the link between it (as flange) up and down, the top of cavity shell is divided into the cup-shaped cover that can cover entire bracket, there is the optical transmission window of a circle in the central authorities at cover top, can know by this window and see the indicated orientation of compass in the cover; The pedestal of the housing double as instrument of lower part, pedestal is the large container shape and Sheng is loaded with the bigger damping liquid of viscosity, damping liquid mainly is that damping is carried out in issuable swing to pendulum shape vertical reference spare, in the pedestal top edges cable connection socket that is used for sensor is arranged, the container internal fixation a up-right support that is made of the regular triangular prism shape three little pillars and some crossbeams, propping up top of the trellis has a chain-wales, and the chain-wales top is provided with the compass of an indication geographic orientation.Center-point below the top of the trellis chain-wales is the hitch point of vertical reference spare.Some is similar for pendulum shape vertical hanging spare and pendulum, and it is positioned at cup-shaped that fork middle and lower part circle of position column vertical reference spare, one be screwed in the fork top by an elongate threaded screw that is equivalent to fork, damping piece that is positioned at the pendulum position, one and hangs nut and one section suspension line (rope) that passes from suspension nut top center hole etc. and form; The pendulum position of fork lower end is big vertical surface to be arranged and be submerged in damping piece in the damping liquid by own wt, there is a vertical screw that is connected with the fork threads engaged at the center, upper surface of damping piece, do not exist the center of gravity of the air chamber that formed by it and whole damping piece must be positioned on the axis that connects screw when damping piece is submerged in damping liquid, the lower end of fork is screwed into fork and damping piece is fused; The periphery of cylindric vertical reference spare is very bright, there is the tapped bore of and fork threads engaged the centre of cylinder, the axis of screw and cylindrical axis overlap mutually, and cylindric standard generally is screwed in the bottom (i.e. the top of close damping piece) of fork; Cup-shaped hangs nut and resembles very much a columnar cup, the inwall of cup also has the suitable negative thread of screw thread of energy and fork, the bottom of cup is towards the sky during normal the use, the center at the cup end has a confession to wear the suppending hole of suspension line, and the axis that the axis of suppending hole and cup-shaped hang the nut screw thread overlaps mutually; Pass from suppending hole than hanging the slightly little suspension line in aperture, there is a spillikin that stops suspension line to skid off from suppending hole in the one end system of suspension line, then the cup-shaped that is installed with suspension line is hung the top that nut is screwed to fork, the convenient usefulness suspension of whole vertical hanging spare linear system is consolidated below the top platform central authorities of up-right support, by regulating the length of suspension line, the damping piece of vertical hanging spare lower end is immersed in the damping liquid of big viscosity fully, and making damping piece in the measurement range of instrument, can not meet other members, this set makes the face of cylinder of cylindric vertical reference spare keep plumbness constantly.Suitably increase the length of the whole vertical hanging spare that comprises effective suspension line, can improve the sensitivity of instrument; Be positioned at garden annular platform on the cylinder axis of vertical reference spare being equiped with a center of circle on three posts of the regular triangular prism shape up-right support of the periphery that faces cylindric standard position intermediate, the internal diameter of garden ring is more than 1.2 times of body diameter of vertical reference spare, should make garden ring platform be in needed horizontality when just establishing during installation; The bearing of fixed range sensor is by garden ring flat surface rest, and it is mobile to make bearing radially make precision by garden ring flat-bed by adjusting sieve bar, and these several rang sensors that are installed in bearing are mainly used to detect the distance that they arrive the vertical reference spare face of cylinder separately, rang sensor requires to have higher precision, can adopt types such as laser class, ultrasonic type to be installed in rang sensor on the ring-shaped platform of garden has two, three or three usually with first-class different numbers, and they all are evenly distributed on the ring platform of garden with identical distance.What two rang sensors were arranged can only constitute one dimension vertical detection instrument, and promptly it can only experience the relative settlement that connects these two these linear portion ends of rang sensor probe formation.The two-dimentional vertical detection instrument of constituting of three and three above rang sensors is arranged, and it can experience the well azimuth that the plane occurred and the tilting value at its place.The detection probe of above-mentioned these rang sensors can accurately be regulated by adjusting screw(rod) to the initial distance of cylindric vertical reference spare periphery, the detection probe that should make each rang sensor during initial setting up all equates to the initial distance of cylindric vertical reference spare periphery, and when fixing two-dimentional vertical detection instrument by compass preferably so that the residing azimuth of sensor as much as possible corresponding with the residing azimuth of each pillar of implantation formula fixed platform (or reaching as far as possible little best corresponding of difference angle), in the time can not taking into account, at least after should making the azimuth of a certain pillar in azimuth and flat-bed of one of them sensor identical, just the vertical detection instrument is fixed on the platform; When adopting one dimension vertical detection instrument, need two or more uses that combines, it generally all is installed near the midway location on each limit of flat-bed, when carrying out the installing and fixing of one dimension vertical detection instrument, should make the straight line at two distance detecting probe place be parallel to the platform edges at its place as far as possible: like this, when a certain pillar produces relatively large sinking in the platform, corresponding inclination appears in platform, the sensor that is best corresponding states with this root pillar just becomes minimum to the distance of basic circle cylinder, the flat-bed attitude control system on this basis, each interval or the outside of pressurized air being got to this pillar itself add in the buoyancy aid of buoyance lift spare, make this pillar obtain relatively large buoyancy (promptly reducing the pressure of this pillar), until allowing platform return to original plumbness to sea bed.Because hitch point is a given value to the height h on the original level plane at sensor place, this value and sensor to the maximum horizontal deviant compare, can also detect the flat-bed angle of inclination in quantitative mode quite exactly, so this vertical detection instrument can detect direction of tilt and can detect degree of dip quantitatively again.The vertical detection instrument not only can be used to monitor the squareness (or saying degree of dip) of implantation formula offshore platform, and can be used for the place that all need monitor squareness, as building, machinery and equipment etc.

Since each implantation formula basic block all have usually very big axially with the lateral dimension ratio, therefore the mode that all is horizontal attitude with its axis is made and is transported, just each buoyancy at interval makes it become vertical floating condition from horizontal floating condition in the basic block piece by adjusting after just having arrived the purpose marine site, when normally beginning to reduce one by one each at interval buoyancy, constantly increase each buoyancy at interval of top again and make it become vertical floating condition from the interval of the bottom; Reduce relative bottom buoyancy at interval when arriving definite implantation place more one by one, up to whole implantation formula element body piece being sunk and firmly standing on the sea bed.Vertical reference also can use more valuable gyroscope to replace.

What be worth accommodation is, as long as when design, suitably strengthen the buoyancy of the additional buoyance lift spare of implantation formula basic block, and locate to set up basket platform-ballast basket that some ballasts are used at " shank " of implantation formula basic block trunk middle and lower part, add cheap packed sandstone in the basket and make ballast, make whole flat-bed center of gravity be lower than whole flat-bed center of buoyance, whole platform be arranged to from the neritic area of implantation can not implantation the abyssal area, at this moment the implantation formula fixedly offshore platform just become floating type offshore platform with tumbler feature; In like manner, after the buoyance lift spare bottom of floating type offshore platform was set up " long leg " that has the ballast basket again and added that suitable ballast makes its center of gravity be lower than center of buoyance, the floating type offshore platform also can become sea " tumbler "; Marine " tumbler " formula platform has very high stability, and it does not generally need netted liptinite is set, and is generally used for platform load and changes very little occasion or some special purpose; From flexible this angle the implantation formula fixedly offshore platform and floating type offshore platform with regard to the demarcation line of neither one also strictness.Principle is in view of the above built the super high building of roly-poly type of above tide three or four kms in the sea area of the degree of depth five or six kms, this perhaps is that the smooth institute of gangster thinks.

The taking of anticorrosive measure is greatly improved the service life of offshore platform.Because seawater all has bigger corrosive property to traditional ferrous meatal structural materials, the member of energy and contact with sea water is also all taked anticorrosive measure usually in the various platforms, and this can adopt the method for different usefulness according to the difference of concrete material.When platform member adopts general steel to make; except adopting the anticorrosive material coating surface, can also adopt ripe cathode protecting process (anode that is the anti-corrosion protection power supply is connected on the hard ware of being protected, and the protection metal that is in the seawater then is connected on its negative pole).When main framing adopts ferro-concrete, three kinds of safeguard procedures can be arranged, the first, can be the fine and close water-reducible finish of concrete surface spraying (having the coating of good water resistance etc. as modified bitumen or other); Second adopts the skin of ferro-concrete to use than protecting with the slightly high pressure-fired fresh water maintenance hole layer of the seawater pressure of even depth at main framing, and the 3rd, the water-reducible finish of pressure-fired fresh water maintenance hole layer of Cai Yonging and surface spraying densification protects simultaneously; Make seawater be difficult to infiltrate in the cement concrete, reinforcing bar obtains protection and is not easy corrosion, thereby the general cement concrete life-span in 1 year in seawater is brought up to more than 200 year, even higher.Above-mentioned pressure-fired fresh water maintenance hole layer obtains according to the methods below: promptly making good main framing Beam, spiral fashion winding layer that one deck have suitable pitch twined with the pipeline that tube wall can seep water to the outside all around in the post outside, then adopt same infiltration pipeline to lay on large-area basic blocks surface with serpentine fashion, build one deck is made muscle with wire net conservation layer cement concrete again in these infiltration flexible pipe outsides then, every fresh water pipe of fresh water conservation layer all has intake-outlet, after being full of fresh water pipe with fresh water, with fresh water pipe outlet sealing, the water inlet of fresh water pipe inserts in the static pressure fresh-water tank of above tide certain altitude by pipeline.The height on the normal sea of static pressure fresh-water tank distance should make the fresh water static energy in the fresh water conservation layer keep the pressure also higher than the pressure of same degree of depth seawater, preferably allow the height on the normal sea of static pressure fresh-water tank distance from bottom be more than 0.06 times of fresh water conservation layer extreme depth of living in, to be in the static pressure that shallow-layer position fresh water conservation layer is born in order reducing, also can highly different static pressure fresh-water tanks to be set respectively by different depth intervals; The static pressure fresh-water tank obtains the enough maintenance pressure except the fresh water that makes conservation layer, the static pressure that a small amount of light sheath bore that infiltration and slight seepage are lost also can replenish simultaneously each fresh water conservation layer owing to also can be provided with highly different static pressure fresh-water tanks respectively by different depth intervals; The static pressure fresh-water tank obtains enough to prevent that except the fresh water that makes conservation layer seawater from a large number to the maintenance pressure of cement concrete infiltration, also can replenish each fresh water conservation layer simultaneously because a small amount of fresh water that infiltration and slight seepage are lost.Because the existence of fresh water aquifer, both can make the reinforced concrete member of the main framing that is surrounded by the fresh water conservation layer exempt from the erosion of seawater, can make the ferro-concrete that surrounds this conservation layer of fresh water aquifer outside suffer the speed of marine corrosion corrosion retarded again.It should be noted that the cold district that can freeze at surperficial seawater, should add in the water of conservation layer does not have corrosive anti-freezer to ferro-concrete.Certainly, when adopting resistant to corrosion alloy or composite material to make each member, the flat-bed anticorrosive measure is just economized most.

Owing to have a large amount of tack marine life in the ocean, these tack marine life will inevitably be attached in the flat-bed water on the member in a large number, make platform constantly increase useless load, even reach the stage that is difficult to tolerate, in order to reduce or to prevent these tack marine life adhering on platform, when the parts that construct platform is correlated with, the measure of preferably taking anti-marine life to adhere to; Its concrete measure has two kinds, a kind of is traditional poisoning measure, another kind is the anti-attached measure of alkalescence, thereby traditional poisoning measure is to admix some to have the material of toxic action to reach the purpose that stops them to depend on to the tack marine life in surface anticorrosion coating, various boats and ships used the practice of this poisoning measure to show in the past, it can pollute the ecology environment of ocean, has had been found that these objectionable impuritiess that contain the coating at present in the body of whale; The anti-attached measure of alkalescence be in the anticorrosive paint that platform member is used blending some can make the pH value of coating reach alkaline matter about 9-10, because these marine life all dislike being attached to pH value and reach on the basic species surface of 9-10, so also can reach the purpose that prevents that these marine life from adhering to; Formerly can smear the cement concrete that mixes and stirs alkaline matter in component surface when should the flat-bed lower apron adopting reinforced concrete structure based on this, or when reinforced concrete structure employing fresh water maintenance technology, add water-soluble alkaline matter in the water at conservation layer, make the water of conservation layer become the aqueous slkali that pH value reaches 9-10, original fresh water maintenance this moment has just become the alkali lye maintenance, the continuous peripherad microdialysis of the alkaline aqueous solution of conservation layer, make body structure surface keep the alkalescence value that requires, possible words all adopt the mariner growth prevent of working along both lines to adhere to measure usually.Certainly, culture or do not need to consider the measure that not adopt anti-marine life to adhere in the offshore platform that marine life adhere to specializing in marine product.

For the extensive various basic blocks of making above-mentioned two kinds of offshore platforms, can adopt the concentrated water track down of staged and disperse this new technical scheme of water track down.

It is floating and have quite open place to build one from can satisfy water track (slideway that is equivalent to shipyard) under the trunk that the floating deep water of basic block extends upward certain altitude ashore agley always on the bank to satisfy basic block in the depth of water when adopting staged to concentrate water track down, the both sides of water track are distributed with multistage ladder under the trunk, all lay branch's track on every grade of ladder, all can park one or many flat trucks that bearing capacity is very huge on every branch's track, basic block is just made on these flat trucks and is utilized it to make the carrier that transports, and a cable car that bearing capacity is bigger than flat truck is arranged on the water track under trunk, this cable car will be complementary with the gradient of water track under the trunk, the cable car loading surface that normally is in water track under the trunk is the level of state, cable car is connected with the high-end capstan winch of water track under trunk by hawser, utilize capstan winch can make cable car under trunk, move freely or rest on needed position on the water track, cable car is provided with a series of wheel shafts, the wheel shaft corresponding site all is equiped with the roller that can roll on water track under the trunk, being laid with not only one on the horizontal bearing face of cable car parallels with trunk slide rail road perpendicular (space projection that refers to them is orthogonal) but also with ladder branch track and can the fine load rail that is connected mutually, this load rail can be carried from branch's track and be sent the flat truck that is carrying basic block here, absolute altitude according to load rail parameter and precise design both sides ladder top set track on the gradient of water track under the trunk and the cable car face, the flat truck that carries basic block can be made things convenient in the load rail of sailing into exactly on the cable car to be gone, again flat truck is sent back in original branch's track or in the storehouse track after cable car under the trunk on the water track is sent into basic block in the water, flat truck number on branch's track reaches 2 and 2 when above, and the branch's track that must reserve a sky is made the storehouse track of flat truck.Certainly, this storehouse track is not special fixing, every branch's track all is that to make track also be the storehouse track in fact, when all having made a collection of basic block on all flat trucks on a certain branch's track, after each flat truck is sent into basic block in the water by water track under the trunk respectively and is all sent into the storehouse track successively, just can on the storehouse track, carry out the manufacturing of a new round, and just send the manufacturing track of basic block to use with regard to the empty storehouse track of doing; This scheme especially is fit to the manufacturing that requirement has the basic piece of ferro-concrete of longer defects liability period, in addition in order to increase productivity, and the crane track that also has a hoisting crane that uses for the manufacturing basic block to travel on the next door of every branch's track.Remove staged and concentrate down that the step portion of water track the right and left just becomes water track scheme under the dispersion of making basic block, the cable car on the following water track be the carrier that basic block is sent in the water also be the place of making basic block.

Another method of making basic block is to adopt traditional dock mode, i.e. floating drydock or fixed type dock.And when adopting the floating drydock mode, the raft formula structure with good storm resistance of the present invention is preferably adopted at floating drydock itself.

Usually, the basic half block splicing-in of these that in the coastal waters factory is made becomes various offshore platform integrals, when carrying out the platform splicing, for, the buoyancy areal of support again relatively less semisubmersible basic block that form independent less stable higher because of center of gravity, finish the splicing work except the hanging method that adopts the large-tonnage crane barge, can take special-purpose splicing platform to implement the splicing work of semisubmersible basic block.Special-purpose splicing platform can be the offshore platform that general semisubmersible raft also can be " tumbler " formula, when adopting the offshore platform that does not pour into father-in-law's formula to make special use splicing platform, its displacement is than much bigger by the semisubmersible basic block of splicing-in, its cross-sectional outling is preferably the Y font, three the bifurcated sizes and the adjacent spacing of Y font are all identical, the end of each bifurcated all has energy and basic block to realize the splicing-in limit and the lockout mechanism of splicing-in, and there are two bifurcateds that aforesaid vector propeller is housed at least, make special-purpose splicing-in platform deliver to the splicing-in position to the semisubmersible basic block that is fixed on bifurcate end with required direction and speed; Often also to be cooperated by the semisubmersible basic block of the single poor stability of splicing-in simultaneously and take certain stabilizing measures, usually make basic block splicing earlier have big buoyancy areal of support and the controlled interim buoyant mass of buoyancy, allow basic block can floating reposefully separately rainwater in, or in water, become the tumbler state by basic block at basic block bottom splicing ccasual ballast basket, to make things convenient for carrying out smoothly of splicing work, basic block is finished after the splicing to main platform body, the splicing-in dedicated platform with separated by the basic block of splicing-in, and interim buoyant mass that originally was connected to basic block or ballast basket are unloaded.The good platform of splicing can and be installed interim sail (when having forward monsoon to utilize) and come jointly this huge raft to be drawn pre-Dinghai District with tugboat.

Claims (55)

1. the method that adopts modular system is utilizing ferro-concrete, metal, and material such as compound and come splicing-in to become offshore platform in conjunction with the aseptic technic basic block that manufacturing has a splicing-in limit with anti-marine life attachment techniques, basic block wherein has two major types, one class is the semisubmersible basic block, another kind of is implantation formula basic block, constituting every kind of basic block of flat-bed both can adopt incorporate mode to make, also can adopt various building blocks unit to come splicing-in to form than the also low level of element body piece, the outside of each basic block and building blocks unit all is provided with some splicing limits that not only had crossbeam function or pillar function but also had the splicing function, the splicing limit both can be linearly, also can be the joinery and its construction shape, all right indentation, have the vertical splicing of the general designation limit, splicing limit of pillar function concurrently, it all is on each horizontal splicing-in limit of basic block (or building blocks unit), and the splicing limit general designation level that has the crossbeam function concurrently is spliced the limit, it generally is that floor collar tie beam as building is distributed on basic block upper and lower side and middle each position, each basic block and building blocks unit both employing level separately splicing limit or the vertical limit of splicing, also can adopt these two kinds splicing limits simultaneously, all be provided with lockout mechanism between some basic blocks that make corresponding splicing-in (or building blocks unit) indissociable (unit) on the border of splicing-in, the semisubmersible basic block constitutes the floating type offshore platform, implantation formula basic block constitutes implantation formula offshore platform, the profile of semisubmersible basic block all is the prism shape, preferably be positive hexagonal prism shape, 12 prism shapes of tip Y type (being called for short sharp Y type), 18 prism shapes of tack Y type (being called for short flat Y type) and four prisms cylinder shape, the solid of the 12 prism shapes that 12 prisms of its sharp head Y type are composited by the mode that a public rib is arranged by three identical positive hexagonal prisms, the housing of the cross-sectional plane that this is three-dimensional is the Y-shaped equilateral protruding dodecagon of profile, and each bifurcated of Y font is mutually 120 degree, and the top of each bifurcated is the wedge angle of 120 degree; 18 prisms of tack Y type are composited as follows by four identical positive hexagonal prisms, be the center promptly with a positive hexagonal prism, then on three cylinders of 120 degree of being separated by all each with a cylinder on the mode that coincides of two corresponding edges splice a positive hexagonal prism identical with the center prism, thereby constitute one 18 prism, the housing profile of its cross-sectional plane is equilateral protruding ten octagons, its profile also is the Y shape, three bifurcateds of Y word also distribute in the mode that is mutually 120 degree angles, in fact each bifurcated of Y word and point of crossing are exactly a complete regular hexagon, preferably adopting vertical projection profile and cross-sectional profiles in the basic block of four prisms cylinder shape all is these two kinds of four prisms cylinder basic blocks of rectangle or isosceles trapezoid, vertical projection is that the semisubmersible basic block of rectangle is mainly used to structure and connects rectangular platform, vertical projection is that the semisubmersible basic block of isosceles trapezoid is mainly used to structure T-Ring shape or garden shape platform, positive hexagonal prism shape the semisubmersible basic block can be used to the platform that structure is connected into different shape, the netted platform that a lot of meshes are arranged in the middle of these several semisubmersible basic blocks can be used for constituting, the bottom of semisubmersible basic block is the buoyance lift spare that produces buoyancy, the relation that slip into depth D and design-calculated the fully developed sea vertical discrepancy in elevation of trough (crest with) H of buoyance lift spare top in water is, the dark D that dives is greater than or equals 0.5 times (diving depth of buoyance lift spare is controlled by attitude control system) of fully developed sea, the centre of piece is the strut member that stands on above the buoyance lift spare as studdle, the height of strut member is more than or equal to fully developed sea and platform bottom security personnel's buoyancy aid height sum, the top of piece is the platform that impacted by any top of the waves by supports support, active service buoyancy aid that buoyance lift spare is fixed by buoyance lift spare framework with by buoyance lift spare framework and the standby buoyancy aid that can produce buoyancy are at any time formed, active service buoyancy aid in the buoyance lift spare can adopt discrete buoyancy aid, integrated buoyancy aid, permanent buoyancy buoyancy aid, inner tube of a tyre formula buoyancy aid, any in the compound buoyancy aid or their various combinations, standby buoyancy aid can adopt any buoyancy aid except that permanent buoyancy buoyancy aid, the salable shell of these buoyancy aids can be used ferro-concrete, metal, rubber, material such as plastics and compound is made, integrated buoyancy aid has an independently shell, but but the salable cavity of a plurality of separate, stored air or permanent buoyant material is arranged in the shell, permanent buoyancy buoyancy aid is filled discrete buoyancy aid or the integrated buoyancy aid that obtains constant buoyancy for using than water light and impermeable again permanent buoyant material in the inner chamber that contains at shell, inner tube of a tyre formula buoyancy aid in sealable inner chamber again lining go into and the discrete buoyancy aid or the integrated buoyancy aid of the inner tube of a tyre that separately can stored air, compound buoyancy aid is that a part of space is used than the light and impermeable permanent buoyant material of water and filled in the salable inner chamber, another part space serves as a contrast into the discrete buoyancy aid of the inner tube of a tyre or integrated buoyancy aid, both can adopt buoyancy aid and buoyance lift spare framework clutch removable mode easy to replace and maintain easily being connected between buoyancy aid and the buoyance lift spare framework, also can adopt the non-dismounting mode that framework firmly links to each other between buoyancy aid and buoyance lift, when adopting removable connection mode between buoyancy aid and the buoyance lift spare framework, the radical of being is arranged again, plug-in, and lock top these three kinds of connection modes of formula, corresponding with these three kinds of fixed forms, buoyancy aid also has the radical of being buoyancy aid, plug-in buoyancy aid and lock top formula buoyancy aid, marine flat netted liptinite or the column liptinite of using of floating type obtains to stablize buoyancy, make platform bigger inclination not occur, be provided with security personnel's buoyancy aid that safety control can be provided to platform in the raft bottom, on platform, also be provided with prevent anchor system that platform drifts about significantly and at any time each position of monitoring platform ANOMALOUS VARIATIONS and make platform recover the posture monitoring system of normal attitude, wherein posture monitoring system comprises sensor subsystem again, compressed air sub-system, vector propeller subsystem and the master control system of forming by micro computer, and include the water level detector of the reflection intact situation of buoyancy aid and buoyancy size in the sensor subsystem, the pressure sensor of each site pressure of reflection compressed air system, the aspect sensor of reflection vector propeller thrust direction, the strain sensor of the sea instrument of each position sink-float situation of reflection platform and reflection platform frame member strained situation, each implantation formula basic block all is a fixedly offshore platform pillar of the energy implantation formula of standing firm on ready-made sea bed, and its trunk separated by a distancely in the pipe just is provided with a dividing plate in a tubular form, therefore trunk has and the on all four structure of bamboo pole, the trunk outside face is distributed with the multilayer and the trapezoidal or rectangle splicing-in chain-wales of axis normal wherein, is provided with around the chain-wales to be convenient to interblock splicing-in splicing limit, and the bottom of trunk is the pedestal with a lot of cup-shaped suckers, the offshore platform that the trunk top is supported far exceeds design-calculated fully developed sea, the buoyancy that the seal chamber that forms between each adjacent separator in the trunk produces can be controlled by the platform posture monitoring system respectively, is equiped with rectifiable platform inclination between each shape chain-wales of trunk ladder and increases the additional buoyance lift spare of platform load, and additional buoyance lift spare is in than in the also dark water of design-calculated maximum trough, implantation formula offshore platform is equiped with anchor system, by compressed air sub-system, sensor subsystem, the vector propeller subsystem, the posture monitoring system that vertical detection instrument and micro computer are formed, implantation formula flat-bed attitude control system makes platform maintain state always, the ballast basket is set and increases the method for buoyance lift spare buoyancy at the position a little less than trough again by the bottom at this formula basic block, and floating type basic block bottom is provided with " long leg " of band ballast basket, the buoyancy that adjustment is pressed in the ballast amount of basket and additional buoyance lift spare can make the center of gravity of implantation formula platform and raft be lower than center of buoyance and become the floating offshore platform of " tumbler " formula, making above-mentioned these basic blocks can adopt staged to concentrate water track down, disperse water track down, dry dock, multiple technologies schemes such as floating drydock, the semisubmersible basic block of making use special-purpose splicing-in platform splicing-in method to realize the splicing-in of raft, the various offshore platforms that utilize said method to make, can install the application body waterborne and the submersible service body that can produce various actual values, that is to say and use offshore platform can be used for building various factories, mining firm, the agriculture and animal husbandry field, residential development, school, hospital, villa, the holiday village, recreation ground, the hotel, the warehouse, adrm, satellite launch site, satellite-control station, marine product plant, ocean depot, seawater desalting plant, sewage treatment plant, the high yield saltern, the oil production platform, bridge spanning the sea, break-water, superport, the artificial harbour of refuge of big midocean, sea green energy resource development device system, the pipeline of communications and transportation under water that is equivalent to conventional subway, the speed per hour that suspends in water reaches more than 10,000 kilometer hyper-speed vacuum tunnel traffic system, can stand the polar expedition station of sea area, polar region floating ice extruding, marine city and carry out the fabricate block that different combinations forms by above-mentioned various uses.

2. basic block according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the periphery of piece all has the interblock of being convenient to bonded assembly splicing-in limit, and the splicing limit both can be linearly, also can be the joinery and its construction shape, all right indentation all is provided with the lockout mechanism that makes adjacent splicing-in limit produce binding force on the splicing-in limit.

3. according to claim 1 and 2 described lockout mechanisms, it is characterized in that: lockout mechanism all is arranged in the semisubmersible basic block on the horizontal splicing-in frame between the piece and piece or on the vertical splicing-in pillar of interblock, be positioned on the horizontal splicing-in limit lockout mechanism by two horizontal day word shape (or order word shapes, or paliform) locking ring, one cover can pass in the locking ring locking of each lock hole and fasten, one cover makes locking fasten the crossbeam that seals of formation closed, one cover root places the compositions such as tight power buttress between " the horizontal stroke " between sealing among crossbeam and day (order) font locking ring two lock holes, in like manner, the composition that is positioned at the lockout mechanism on the vertical splicing limit (top, the angle pillar of piece and the pillar on the splicing-in limit) is also identical, only " day " word of locking ring from the pose recovery of accumbency to upright posture, it both can be that discrete bar-shaped type also can be combined that locking is wherein fastened, it is the rod member that the lock hole of one and locking ring is complementary that bar-shaped locking is fastened, the position that is positioned at lock hole in the rod has bigger cross-sectional area, the two ends of rod are for connecting the screw rod that seals crossbeam, the number that bar-shaped locking is fastened is decided by the number of lock hole number, two kinds of combined locking is fastened can U-shaped (or ∏ shape) and mountain fonts, U-shaped, ∏ shape (or chevron) locking fasten on even keel from side by side two days (order) font locking ring two (three) individual lock holes pass, this section that is in the lock hole fastened in locking will bigger face sectional area, and locking is fastened near opening and is worn this section position for the less relatively bolt of cross-sectional area, these two sections bolts can pass and seal two less levels connection perforation on the crossbeam, use discrete type locking will lock with two (being applicable to a day font locking ring) or three (being applicable to order font locking ring) when fastening to fasten pass lock hole after, making the connecting bore of sealing two ends crossbeam be enclosed within bar-shaped locking again fastens on sieve bar at two ends, such two are sealed the bar-shaped locking of crossbeam and two (or three) bar and fasten and also form the sealing anchor ear embracing two locking rings and be a mouthful word shape (date shape), place that to seal between " the horizontal stroke " that crossbeam and two lock holes clip be horizontal buttress, all leave certain clearance between the upper inside wall of locking last bearing surface of fastening and lock hole, this gap should be able to hold make lock fasten the correcting wedge that do not produce relative displacement with lock hole to or fluid pressure type (or vapour-pressure type) pressure cushion block.

4. semisubmersible basic block according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the semisubmersible basic block is mainly by buoyance lift spare, several parts such as strut member and platform are formed, its bottom is the buoyance lift spare that produces buoyancy, buoyance lift spare top dive in than the maximum trough of design also dark or with the water of the maximum trough same depth of design in, the centre is the strut member that stands on above the buoyance lift spare as studdle, the height of strut member is greater than fully developed sea and platform bottom security personnel's buoyancy aid height sum, the top is the platform that impacted by any top of the waves by supports support, and the semisubmersible basic block has four prisms cylinder shape semisubmersible basic block, positive hexagonal prism shape semisubmersible basic block, point Y type semisubmersible basic block peace Y type semisubmersible basic block.

5. according to claim 1 and 4 described four prisms cylinder shape semisubmersible basic blocks, it is characterized in that: it has the appearance profile of four prisms cylinder shape, mainly by buoyance lift spare, strut member and platform are formed, its bottom is the buoyance lift spare that produces buoyancy, buoyance lift spare top dive in than the maximum trough of design also dark or with the water of the maximum trough same depth of design in, the centre is the strut member that stands on above the buoyance lift spare as studdle, the height of strut member is greater than fully developed sea and platform bottom security personnel's buoyancy aid height sum, the top is the platform that impacted by any top of the waves by supports support, and it is these two kinds of four prisms cylinder basic blocks of rectangle and isosceles trapezoid that four prisms cylinder shape semisubmersible basic block preferably adopts vertical projection profile.

6. be the four prisms cylinder basic block of rectangle according to claim 1 and 5 described vertical projection profile, it is characterized in that: its adjacent cylindrical must be vertical mutually, and this basic block abbreviated as the rectangle basic block, the rectangle basic block is by buoyance lift spare, strut member, these three parts of platform are formed, dive in the also dark water of the darkest trough that bears than designing institute in the top of buoyance lift spare, the height of strut member pillar should be more than or equal to fully developed sea and platform bottom security personnel's buoyancy aid height sum, the profile of its buoyance lift spare also is a mutually perpendicular four prisms cylinder shape of adjacent cylindrical, the vertical projection profile of buoyance lift spare is the rectangle that the vertical projection of energy and piece coincides, the rectangle basic block adopts removable rectangle buoyance lift spare and non-dismounting rectangle type buoyance lift spare usually, and these basic blocks are called corresponding removable rectangle basic block and non-dismounting rectangle basic block.

7. the removable rectangle buoyance lift spare of removable rectangle basic block according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: it is made up of buoyance lift spare framework and this two large divisions of buoyancy aid of being fixed among the framework with removably, this buoyance lift spare framework is distributed with the level net Beam piece that has the gridiron pattern mesh more than two-layer or two-layer in vertical direction, the rectangular loop Beam that one double as splicing frame horizontal is arranged around the net Beam piece, the long limit size of this rectangle collar tie beam must just be the integral multiple of broadside size, the size that also will make broadside simultaneously just be again square gridiron pattern mesh (square mesh that is woven in length and breadth by the axis of the Beam) length of side in the netted collar tie beam piece positive integer doubly, the available following method of the netted Beam piece of each gridiron pattern that distributes in vertical direction in the removable rectangle buoyance lift spare framework constitutes, promptly the axis spacing that is parallel to Y-axis and their adjacent two beams by the N bar is that the axis spacing that one group of horizontal gird and the M bar of unit length a is parallel to adjacent two beams of X-axis also is another group horizontal gird of unit length a quadrature mutually, these crossbeams generally all have equal horizontal clearance w, so these two groups of crossbeams just can form have contain (N-1) (M-1) the individual length of side be the rectangle chessboard lattice beam piece of the square mesh grid of (a-w), these length of sides substantially all become the porthole of removable buoyancy aid turnover buoyance lift spare in the over water flat-topped ridge piece layer for the square mesh of (a-w), whole buoyance lift spare is according to needs, in vertical direction can on even keel be distributed with two-layer or two-layer above identical and rectangle chessboard lattice beam piece that their vertical projection can overlap, form the general frame of a removable rectangle buoyance lift spare at neighbouring rectangle chessboard lattice beam piece interlayer by setting up the mode of disperseing pillar or concentrated pillar again, the dispersion of removable rectangle buoyance lift spare framework is provided with the pillar mode and is exactly two that a pair of vertical projection overlaps in neighbouring rectangle chessboard lattice beam piece again and all sets up a pillar that equals Beam piece floor height h in length and breadth between the beam intersection point, numerous so orthogonal thereto Beam posts have just constituted the frame-type skeleton of the detachable class of chessboard trellis buoyance lift spare, each length of side has just formed the space interval for the buoyancy aid installation of a four-prism shape (or claiming the hexahedron shape) in the skeleton top layer Beam piece on intraskeletal vertical direction for the square grid of (a-w), the buoyancy aid that is installed in each interval is cylindric or spherical usually, and their diameter all is slightly less than the diameter of the length of side for the inscribe garden of the square mesh of (a-w), some edge pillars in adopt disperseing to be provided with the removable buoyance lift spare of pillar mode on the prismatic surface can be installed lockout mechanism, formation is with the edge pillar of vertical splicing limit function, the concentrated pillar mode that is provided with of removable rectangle buoyance lift spare framework is exactly that the net Beam piece of buoyance lift spare top layer is divided into several horizontal zones by certain mesh number, concentrate the pillar that each layer of perforation net Beam piece is set at the mesh place of each regional middle position, this article is thought preferably to adopt to come whole buoyance lift piece is divided into by the pattern of nine palace lattice (each square mesh being called a palace here) square formation the sub-district is installed one by one, set up a pillar to collect at place, each sub-district to be distributed in this sub-district buoyancy aid produced to buoyancy, eight " palaces " wherein being in the sub-district periphery in the nine palace lattice are used for installing detachable buoyancy aid, the position of central authorities this " palace " is used for setting up a concentrated pillar, when the mode that adopts nine palace lattice is arranged pillar, in each layer beam piece in length and breadth the number of beam aforesaid except that satisfying (M-1) be (N-1) positive integral multiple requires, (N-1) can be divided exactly by three, so that make and all contain an integer above-mentioned lattice installation sub-district, nine palaces in every layer of chessboard lattice beam piece, the thick concentrated pillar of between Middle Palace of two-layer nine palace lattice central authorities up and down, setting up of this root, it also can be designed to the cylinder of a sealed cavity when intensity is permitted, make it not only play the effect of pillar, and have and reduce weight and increase buoyancy function, buoyance lift spare concentrates the set-up mode of pillar to be not limited to the mode of nine palace lattice, can also be applicable to 16,25,36,49 grid square formations, when not having single center grid when square formation is big or in the square formation, can lump together the several grids position that is positioned at middle section and one big pillar is set or form the pillar boundling, adopting the side of concentrating in the removable buoyance lift spare that the pillar mode is set that some edge pillars with vertical splicing limit function also should be set, the removable liter of rectangle preferably is provided with all heterotropic bracing element of some and crossbeam and pillar in the part framework, and the projection of bracing element will drop in the projection of buoyance lift spare over water flat-topped ridge, the fixing means of buoyancy aid in removable rectangle buoyance lift spare framework has the radical of being, three kinds of cassette and lock top formulas, they use respectively is the radical buoyancy aid accordingly, cassette buoyancy aid and lock top formula buoyancy aid.

8. detachable rectangle basic block strut member according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the strut member of detachable rectangle basic block stands on the removable buoyance lift spare of rectangle top, the floor plan mode of each pillar of strut member is identical with the horizontal arranging mode of pillar in the detachable rectangle buoyance lift spare, when being the pillar employing dispersed arrangement form of buoyance lift spare framework, the pillar of strut member adopts dispersed arrangement form equally, when the pillar of buoyance lift spare framework adopts the centralized arrangement mode, the pillar of strut member adopts the centralized arrangement mode too, the pillar of strut member is planted in the top of buoyance lift spare pillar, be generally the extension naturally vertically upward of buoyance lift spare pillar, the height of pillar should be more than or equal to fully developed sea and platform bottom security personnel's buoyancy aid height sum.

9. non-dismounting rectangle type buoyance lift spare according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: this buoyance lift spare framework is distributed with two-layer or two-layer above rectangular loop Beam in vertical direction, be provided with the locking ring that constitutes lockout mechanism above the circle Beam, be provided with one or more buoyancy aids in the circle Beam, buoyancy aid also serves as buoyance lift spare frame pillar except that producing buoyancy function, buoyancy aid is generally cylindric or prism-shaped, all be closely linked between buoyancy aid and the buoyancy aid and between edge buoyancy aid and the circle Beam in mode tangent or that fit, can not break, simultaneously, the long limit size of this rectangle collar tie beam must just be the integral multiple of broadside size.

10. the strut member of non-dismounting rectangle basic block according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: strut member stands on the top of non-dismounting rectangle buoyance lift spare, each pillar horizontal arranging mode of strut member is more flexible, but also adopt dispersed arrangement form and centralized arrangement to arrange this dual mode usually, dispersed arrangement form is that the central part at each buoyancy aid top is provided with pillar respectively, the centralized arrangement mode is for to be divided into several zones to buoyancy aid by horizontal distribution at the top of buoyance lift spare, each zone all includes the buoyancy aid of some, and a baseplate is set at each regional buoyancy aid top, central part at this baseplate is provided with a concentrated pillar, this pillar can transmit whole buoyancy that the one's respective area buoyancy aid is produced, and the height of pillar should be more than or equal to fully developed sea and platform bottom security personnel's buoyancy aid height sum.

11. rectangle four prisms cylinder basic block platform according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: platform is by being supported by strut member and being the level of state, the rectangle that the flat-bed vertical projection coincides for the vertical projection with buoyance lift spare, there is the splicing frame of a rectangle at the flat-bed edge, and the lower edge of splicing frame is provided with the locking ring that constitutes lockout mechanism.

12. according to claim 1 and 5 described vertical projection profile is the four prisms cylinder basic block of isosceles trapezoid, it is characterized in that: have two relative prismatic surface sizes identical and not parallel in the basic block, there are two relative prismatic surfaces both to can be two parallel circle cylinders that the plane that varies in size and be parallel to each other also can be concentric Different Diameter in addition, it is by buoyance lift spare, strut member, these three parts of platform are formed, dive in the also dark water of the darkest trough that bears than designing institute in the top of buoyance lift spare, the height of strut member pillar should be more than or equal to fully developed sea and platform bottom security personnel's buoyancy aid height sum, the profile of its buoyance lift spare also is to be one four prisms cylinder shape, the vertical projection profile of buoyance lift spare for can and the vertical projection of piece coincide trapezoidal, be preferably an isosceles trapezoid, trapezoidal basic block adopts removable isosceles trapezoid buoyance lift spare and non-dismounting isosceles trapezoid buoyance lift spare usually, the isosceles trapezoid four prisms cylinder basic block that contains removable isosceles trapezoid buoyance lift spare is called for short removable isosceles trapezoid basic block, the isosceles trapezoid four prisms cylinder basic block that contains non-dismounting isosceles trapezoid buoyance lift spare is called for short non-dismounting isosceles trapezoid basic block, and trapezoidal basic block is commonly used to the ring-like raft in formation garden.

13. removable isosceles trapezoid buoyance lift spare according to claim 12, it is characterized in that: in removable isosceles trapezoid buoyance lift spare, all adopt isosceles trapezoid net beam piece to make each beam layer of framework with gridiron pattern mesh, gridiron pattern isosceles trapezoid net beam piece constitutes as follows, (axis) edge lengths of determining the gridiron pattern square hole earlier is a, the height that horizontal arrangement is had a trapezoidal frame of lockout mechanism is set at Ga then, last bottom side length is set at Sa, go to the bottom and be set at Xa, wherein G and S are positive integer, and G and S can both be divided exactly by three, X then can come value by the gradient that designing institute needs, structure is established the chessboard graticule mesh beam piece that the square mesh length of side is a in this trapezoidal frame again, the trapezoidal net beam of such gridiron pattern piece has some to be trapezoidal and leg-of-mutton mesh on the both sides of waist, the mesh of these non-squares is not generally settled buoyancy aid, each beam layer all with vertical projection coincide mode be distributed in buoyance lift spare framework two ends and each middle position, form the general frame of a trapezoidal buoyance lift spare at neighbouring gridiron pattern ladder beam piece interlayer by setting up the mode of disperseing pillar or concentrated pillar again, in removable isosceles trapezoid buoyance lift spare, adopt when disperseing the pillar mode is set, all set up a pillar that equals floor height h between the Beam piece in length and breadth between the beam intersection point for two that a pair of vertical vertical projection overlaps in neighbouring terraced rectangle chessboard lattice beam piece exactly, the framework that numerous so orthogonal thereto Beam and post have just constituted the trapezoidal buoyance lift spare of gridiron pattern detachable type, each length of side is the space interval of installing for buoyancy aid that has just formed a four-prism shape (or claiming hexahedron shape) on the vertical direction of square grid in framework of a in the framework top layer Beam piece, the buoyancy aid that is installed in each interval is cylindric or spherical usually, and their diameter all is slightly less than the diameter in inscribe garden that the length of side is the square mesh of a, in adopt disperseing to be provided with the removable buoyance lift spare of pillar mode, can install the locking ring that some constitute lockout mechanisms at some edge pillars of cylinder, formation is with the edge pillar of vertical splicing limit function, method to set up that adopt to concentrate the method that adopted when the pillar mode is set and removable rectangle buoyance lift spare to use in removable isosceles trapezoid buoyance lift spare framework is identical, exactly the net Beam piece of buoyance lift spare top layer is divided into several horizontal zones by certain mesh number, mesh count in each zone is close substantially, and generally can not equate, the mesh place of the middle position that each is regional concentrates a pillar that connects each layer net Beam piece is set, this article thinks that preferably employing is divided into the installation sub-district of nine palace lattice one by one to whole buoyance lift piece by the pattern of nine palace lattice (each square mesh is called a palace) square formation earlier, remaining mesh is submitted oneself to nine adjacent palace lattice nearby the sub-district is installed, in each sub-district, set up a pillar to collect to be distributed in this sub-district buoyancy aid produced to buoyancy, wherein be in eight " palaces " of sub-district periphery and " palace " of submitting oneself in the nine palace lattice and be used for installing detachable buoyancy aid, central authorities this " palace " is used for setting up concentrated pillar, when permitting, intensity concentrates the pillar preferred design becomes one or more sealed cavities as bamboo pole cylinder, buoyance lift spare concentrates the set-up mode of pillar to be not limited to the mode of nine palace lattice, can also be applicable to 16,25,36,49 grid square formations, when not having single center grid when square formation is big or in the square formation, can lump together the several grids position that is positioned at middle section and one big pillar is set or form the pillar boundling, adopting the cylinder of concentrating in the removable buoyance lift spare that the pillar mode is set that some edge pillars with vertical splicing limit function also should be set simultaneously, the fixing means of buoyancy aid in removable trapezoidal buoyance lift spare framework has the radical of being, three kinds of plug-in and lock top formulas, they use respectively is the radical buoyancy aid accordingly, cassette buoyancy aid and lock top formula buoyancy aid.

14. the strut member of removable isosceles trapezoid basic block according to claim 12, it is characterized in that: it stands on removable trapezoidal buoyance lift spare top, the floor plan mode of each pillar of strut member is identical with the floor plan mode of pillar in the detachable trapezoidal buoyance lift spare framework, when being the pillar employing dispersed arrangement form of buoyance lift spare framework, the pillar of strut member adopts dispersed arrangement form equally, when the pillar of buoyance lift spare framework adopts the centralized arrangement mode, the pillar of strut member adopts the centralized arrangement mode too, the pillar of strut member is planted in the top of buoyance lift spare pillar, be generally the extension naturally vertically upward of buoyance lift spare pillar, the height of pillar should be more than or equal to fully developed sea and platform bottom security personnel's buoyancy aid height sum.

15. non-dismounting isosceles trapezoid buoyance lift spare according to claim 12, it is characterized in that: in the non-dismounting isosceles trapezoid buoyance lift spare framework, be distributed with the trapezoidal collar tie beam of par that has lockout mechanism more than two-layer or two-layer on its vertical direction, circle Beam top is equiped with lockout mechanism, in the circle Beam the various suitable non-dismounting buoyancy aid that mode tangent with cylinder or that kissing connects is closely linked is set, its cylinder and the buoyancy aid that trapezoidal circle Beam is tangent or kissing connects also link together with mode and the circle Beam that combines closely, these buoyancy aids are preferably appearance profile and are cylindric or prism-shaped or the spherical controlled compound buoyancy aid of inner tube of a tyre formula, the pillar of buoyance lift spare framework is replaced by the buoyancy aid of cylindric or prism-shaped, and its vertical projection profile is an isosceles trapezoid.

16. the strut member of non-dismounting isosceles trapezoid basic block according to claim 12, it is characterized in that: the pillar of this strut member stands on the top of the trapezoidal buoyance lift spare of non-dismounting, the horizontal arranging mode of pillar can compare flexibly, usually use dispersed arrangement form and centralized arrangement mode, dispersed arrangement form is that the central part at each buoyancy aid top is provided with pillar respectively, the centralized arrangement mode is for to be divided into several zones to buoyancy aid by horizontal distribution at the top of buoyance lift spare, each zone all includes the buoyancy aid of some, and a baseplate is set at each regional buoyancy aid top, central part at this seat board is provided with a concentrated pillar, this pillar can transmit whole buoyancy that the one's respective area buoyancy aid is produced, and the height of pillar should be more than or equal to fully developed sea and platform bottom security personnel's buoyancy aid height sum.

17. the platform according to the described isosceles trapezoid basic block of claim 12 is characterized in that: it is by being supported by strut member and being the level of state, and there is a trapezoidal splicing frame at the flat-bed edge, and the lockout mechanism of splicing frame is preferably disposed on the lower edge of frame.

18. is the radical fixing means according to claim 7 or 13 described buoyancy aids in removable rectangle buoyance lift spare and removable isosceles trapezoid buoyance lift spare framework, it is characterized in that: when the buoyancy aid employing is the radical installation method, the setting of framework bottom horizontal mesh beam is slightly different with top each layer, mainly be that the spacing between the Beam has reduced half in length and breadth, that is it is adjacent vertical original two, midpoint between the crossbeam increases by one again, and to be used to be the vertical of solid buoyancy aid, crossbeam, and it is abbreviated as is vertical admittedly, crossbeam, like this in the buoyance lift spare top net Beam piece " nine palace lattice " each settle the projection of center-point in " palace " of buoyancy aid can both corresponding newly-increased system with the bottom admittedly in length and breadth the intersection point of beam coincide, this be the solid friendship position of Beam in length and breadth be exactly be solid buoyancy aid be root point position, it is that the method for radical fixes on buoyance lift spare framework that every buoyancy aid that can conveniently enter from buoyance lift spare framework top layer square mesh can adopt, this article thinks that adopting is that the buoyancy aid that radical is installed is preferably oval barrel-contoured buoyancy aid, the inscribe garden diameter of the diameter of cylinder and top net Beam piece square mesh be complementary (diameter that is slightly less than square mesh inscribe garden usually), the bottom of buoyancy aid is that the radical member is realized economizing being connected of part framework with floating by one, be that the radical member is the root bar by what place the buoyancy aid bottom mainly, be positioned at be root bar lower end be the root ring, being positioned at the solid U-shaped of beam point of crossing in length and breadth of buoyance lift spare base of frame system is the root fork, and to make U-shaped be root fork and be that the screw shaped that the root ring is connected coupling is these several parts compositions of root bolt, what transmit the whole buoyancy of buoyancy aid is the bottom center point place that the root bar is arranged on the buoyancy aid bottom head, be that to be provided with one be the root ring for the lower end of root bar, (the vertical projection place of each square mesh center-point of chessboard graticule mesh Beam piece on plane, underlying network Beam piece place above being equivalent to) all to be equiped with the U-shaped that an opening makes progress be the root fork mesh of pillar (will set up except) on the corresponding point of crossing of the solid beam in length and breadth of the newly-increased system of above-mentioned buoyance lift spare framework bottom, be the hole, garden that position that root is pitched the nearly opening of two arm rests all is provided with a same lateral aperture central axis, be that the root ring can be the root fork from opening part insertion U-shaped easily, is screw shaped that root fastens that to pass be that root ring and U-shaped are that root is pitched after these three orifice rings, be that root is fastened and passed through that end is inserted in floor clip and from being that root is fastened the pin hole that passes through on the end and inserted and prevent that packing ring is from being the pin that the root bolt comes off, thereby what finish buoyancy aid and buoyance lift spare framework is that radical is connected, when the application body waterborne at certain position or when require obtaining very big buoyancy and support with body under water, as long as increase the vertical dimension of this position buoyance lift spare and the number of plies of beam piece, and being that the root mode vertically is connected in series a plurality of buoyancy aids and just can.

19. the plug-in fixing means in removable rectangle buoyance lift spare and removable isosceles trapezoid buoyance lift spare framework according to claim 7 or 13 described buoyancy aids, it is characterized in that: adopt the buoyancy aid of plug-in fixing means to be preferably oval tubular, the overall diameter of cylinder is slightly less than the inscribe garden diameter of square mesh, which floor and the corresponding lift support arm of buoyance lift spare framework chessboard graticule mesh beam piece number of plies layer are distributing on the outer cylinder of cylinder, each lift support arm be bearing surface the upper end just " bracket ", but the vertical distance between the adjacent support arm layer of each adjacent lift is identical with the height between the cooresponding beam layer, be its distributing position should make the bearing surface of " bracket " all be in the netted beam of respective layer the below and and the bottom surface of beam contact, each support arm layer all is crosswise and is evenly distributed with four lift support arms on the buoyancy aid outer wall, be that these four lift support arms are all perpendicular to the cylinder of cylinder buoyancy aid and be evenly distributed on the cylinder circumference of same horizontal surface, the length of every lift support arm should satisfy following two conditions, when promptly the lift support arm all being aimed at four jiaos of square net that beam in length and breadth surrounds buoyancy aid can be swimmingly mesh by each layer beam piece, and buoyancy aid horizontally rotates after miter angle reaches the clamping position, the longitudinal end of each lift support arm does not surmount the vertical surface at the place, axis of each beam again, the upper surface of each lift support arm preferably all is fixed with an elastic cushion block with identical elasticity modulus, also be equiped with fixedly support arm of four anticreeps on the top of buoyancy aid, anticreep fixedly the bearing surface of support arm and buoyance lift spare top net beam piece above contact, it generally is designed to stressed prone anti-" bracket " shape, the vertical projection of their axis all and and the vertical projection of lift support arm axis of its below coincide, and anticreep fixedly the support arm bottom surface and above the superiors' lift support arm between the discrepancy in elevation be slightly larger than the height (or saying thickness) of buoyance lift spare top net beam piece, fixedly there is a horizontal anticreep bolt that supplies of axially bored line to wear the support arm anticreep hole of putting near the support arm outer end at anticreep, the axis in support arm anticreep hole is perpendicular to the axis of anticreep support arm, simultaneously on buoyance lift spare top net beam piece each " palace " (or saying mesh) beam all around, an anticreep buttress perpendicular to the beam upper surface is arranged, there is the support arm anticreep hole of a horizontal buttress anticreep hole and anticreep support arm outer end to be complementary on the buttress, distance between each adjacent anticreep buttress is all identical, the anticreep buttress is not crossed over the center line on each each limit of lattice, palace, its porose vertical side only overlaps with the corresponding center line in each limit of mesh, when being in the installation site, buoyancy aid utilize the bolt pass the anticreep hole of anticreep buttress and buoyancy aid anticreep support arm on the beam just can be fixed together buoyancy aid and net beam, when the application body waterborne at certain position or when require obtaining very big buoyancy and support with body under water, as long as increase the vertical dimension of this position buoyance lift spare and the number of plies of beam piece, and a plurality of buoyancy aids of clamping vertically just can.

20. the lock top formula fixing means in removable rectangle buoyance lift spare and removable isosceles trapezoid buoyance lift spare framework according to claim 7 or 13 described buoyancy aids, it is characterized in that: be to use lockout mechanism to lock when adopting this method, buoyancy aid preferably adopts oval barrel-contoured buoyancy aid, a square chain-wales that is complementary with square mesh is arranged at the top of cylinder buoyancy aid, four limit shapes above the chain-wales be provided with constitute lockout mechanism locking ring and be referred to as the buoyancy aid locking ring, in detachable buoyance lift spare top net Beam piece, also all be equiped with the locking ring that energy and buoyancy aid locking ring match equally on the beam of two pairs of opposite side of each square mesh of arrangement buoyancy aid, and be referred to as the mesh locking ring, the locking of lockout mechanism is fastened from buoyancy aid locking ring and the corresponding lock hole of mesh locking ring and is passed, the buoyancy of buoyancy aid passes to the top net Beam piece of buoyance lift spare by the many covers locking mechanism at buoyancy aid top, each locking fasten and the power transmission face of each lock hole between add an elastic cushion block.

21. according to claim 1 and 4 described positive hexagonal prism shape semisubmersible basic blocks, it is characterized in that: in the semisubmersible basic block of positive hexagonal prism type, its vertical projection profile is a regular hexagon, therefore, sometimes also it is abbreviated as the regular hexagon basic block, the regular hexagon basic block is by buoyance lift spare, strut member, these three parts of platform are formed, the profile of its buoyance lift spare also is a positive hexagonal prism, dive in the also dark water of the darkest trough that bears than designing institute in the top of buoyance lift spare, the height of strut member pillar should be more than or equal to fully developed sea and platform bottom security personnel's buoyancy aid height sum, the vertical projection profile of buoyance lift spare is the regular hexagon that the vertical projection of energy and piece overlaps, the regular hexagon basic block has removable regular hexagon basic block and non-dismounting regular hexagon basic block, removable regular hexagon basic block adopts removable regular hexagon buoyance lift spare, non-dismounting regular hexagon basic block adopts non-dismounting regular hexagon buoyance lift spare, in removable regular hexagon buoyance lift spare framework, each layer beam all adopts the Beam piece with honeycomb hole shape, simultaneously it called the removable buoyance lift spare of cellular regular hexagon.

22. removable regular hexagon buoyance lift spare according to the semisubmersible basic block of the described positive hexagonal prism shape of claim 21, it is characterized in that: in hexagon knockdown type buoyance lift spare, the regular hexagon splicing frame of a level is all arranged at the top of buoyance lift spare framework and bottom, when framework has bigger height, the regular hexagon splicing frame of corresponding one or more levels preferably also is set between its two ends, the size of just hexagonal splicing frame adopts following method to determine, promptly determine the orthohexagonal size of benchmark earlier, be the center with this part benchmark regular hexagon again, be close to its each limit splicing-in one circle hexagon the same with the benchmark regular hexagon, afterwards with the such regular hexagon of the same manner splicing-in multi-turn, (n is for centering on the hexagonal number of turns of center reference till the n circle that designing institute needs, its value is a natural number), then the profile that becomes with splicing-in is also made yardstick for orthohexagonal honeycomb Beam piece, do a regular hexagon splicing frame that can just hold this honeycomb Beam piece, this splicing frame is the circle Beam of double as Honeycomb Beam piece also, so just include [1+3n (1+n)] individual benchmark regular hexagon in the whole collar tie beam, when n with 1,2,3,4,5,6, ... behind the concrete numerical value substitution following formula, just be launched into corresponding ordered series of numbers 7,19,37,61,91,127......, form Cellular Networks Beam piece by these regular hexagons and peripheral big regular hexagon splicing frame, the Cellular Networks Beam piece of these levels serves as the horizontal Beam layer at each position of buoyance lift spare framework upper, middle and lower respectively in the mode that vertical projection overlaps, between adjacent level Beam layer, interconnective pillar is set then, pillar can be divided into top, angle pillar according to the particular location that it is in Cellular Networks Beam piece, quarter line pillaring, the regional center pillar, wherein top, angle pillar is in the position, summit of net Beam piece regular hexagon splicing frame, that is the intersection point place on adjacent splicing-in limit, and the honeycomb hole in the discord splicing frame intersects, quarter line pillaring is located on each limit of splicing frame, its splicing honeycomb hole in the frame of also getting along well intersects, (but top, angle pillar and quarter line pillaring usually also the vertical splicing-in of double as limit), and the regional center pillar is exactly the pillar that is on this honeycomb hole of center, pillar setting area; So-called pillar setting area that is in Cellular Networks Beam piece by 7,19, even the profile that 37 honeycomb holes (i.e. benchmark regular hexagon) are formed is an orthohexagonal big territory face, and they are called 7 by its honeycomb hole number that comprises, 19,37 ramus ophthalmicus post setting areas, be arranged at that pillar on each regional center honeycomb hole is also corresponding to abbreviate 7 as, 19,37 centre struts, the pillar setting area should be distributed in the whole regular hexagon net Beam piece well-balancedly, and make each interregional the least possible lap be arranged, the pillar form of buoyance lift spare framework both can adopt top, angle pillar separately according to specific requirement, quarter line pillaring, a certain form in the regional center pillar, (wherein top, angle pillar and quarter line pillaring also have the function on vertical splicing-in limit concurrently), it also can be the various combination of these several forms, some and top, angle pillar and the heterotropic bracing element of quarter line pillaring preferably also are set, the removable buoyancy aid that is used for the removable buoyance lift spare of honeycomb lattice regular hexagon type can be spherical or columnar cavity body, but preferably adopt two ends to make the cylindrical shape buoyancy aid or the positive compound buoyancy aid of hexa-prism of end socket with hemispherical Shell, the fixed form of buoyancy aid in honeycomb lattice regular hexagon type buoyance lift spare framework has the radical of being, plug-in, three kinds of the formulas of bearing down on one, they use respectively is the radical buoyancy aid accordingly, cassette buoyancy aid and lock top formula buoyancy aid.

23. adopting in the removable buoyance lift spare framework of honeycomb lattice regular hexagon according to the described buoyancy aid of claim 22 is the fixed form of radical, it is characterized in that: employing is that the fixing means of radical is when fixing buoyancy aid, the splicing-in frame of each layer is identical above the regular hexagon splicing-in frame territory of the net Beam piece of the removable buoyance lift spare framework of this regular hexagon bottom, but the honeycomb hole net beam piece of each layer is different above the net beam piece territory of being filled in the bottom splicing-in frame, its each mesh will be arranged to have the rhombus of two 60 degree interior angles, and the length of side of diamond-mesh is 1.7321 (accurately number is 3 square root) times of the benchmark regular hexagon length of side in this net beam piece, being called diamond-mesh simultaneously is fixed network Beam piece, each summit that is each diamond-mesh in the fixed network Beam piece all coincides with the vertical projection of each honeycomb mesh center-point of buoyance lift spare top net Beam piece, each summit of diamond-mesh so (point of crossing of two beams more precisely) all be solid buoyancy aid be the root point summit of buoyance lift spare frame pillar position (will be provided with except), each is that root point is provided with all that to form be that the U-shaped of one of root member is the root fork, utilization be the root nut be radical buoyancy aid lifting arm lower end be that root ring and U-shaped are that the coupling of root fork is connected together, thereby whole buoyancy that buoyancy aid produced by being that the diamond-mesh that the root member passes to bottom the buoyance lift spare is a fixed network beam piece.

24. in the removable buoyance lift spare framework of honeycomb lattice regular hexagon, adopt the fixed form of plug-in according to the described buoyancy aid of claim 22, it is characterized in that: buoyancy aid is generally oval tubular, the overall diameter of cylinder is slightly less than the inscribe garden diameter of benchmark regular hexagon mesh, which floor and the corresponding lift support arm of buoyance lift spare framework chess honeycomb graticule mesh beam piece number of plies layer are distributing on the outer cylinder of cylinder, and the vertical distance between the adjacent support arm layer of each adjacent lift is identical with the height between the cooresponding beam layer, its distributing position all is in the below of the netted beam of respective layer, each support arm layer all has the six roots of sensation lift support arm that is the distribution of six five equilibriums on circumference on the outer wall, be that this six roots of sensation lift support arm is all perpendicular to the cylinder of cylinder buoyancy aid and be evenly distributed on the cylinder circumference of same horizontal surface, the length of every lift support arm should satisfy following two conditions, buoyancy aid can pass through each layer net beam piece swimmingly during top, the angle direction of benchmark regular hexagon mesh of promptly the lift support arm all being aimed at Cellular Networks Beam, and after buoyancy aid horizontally rotates 30 degree angles reaches the position location of clamping, the end of each lift support arm does not surmount the vertical surface at the place, axis of each beam again, the upper surface of each lift support arm preferably all is fixed with an elastic cushion block with identical elasticity modulus, in order to prevent buoyancy aid downward drift or left rotation and right rotation and break away from the clamping position when being in standby suspended state, also be equiped with six roots of sensation anticreep support arm on the top of buoyancy aid, the bearing surface of anticreep support arm is the lower surface of anticreep support arm, the upper surface of each beam of the bearing surface of anticreep support arm and buoyance lift spare top net beam piece contacts, the anticreep support arm generally is designed to support prone anti-" bracket " shape, the vertical projection of their axis all and and its below the lift arm axis coincide, and the discrepancy in elevation between the horizontal bearing surface of horizontal surface that anticreep support arm bottom is stressed and the superiors lift support arm upper end is slightly larger than the public elastic cushion block thickness sum of top layer beam thick (or saying deck-molding), fixedly there is a horizontal anticreep bolt that supplies of axially bored line to wear the anticreep hole of putting near the support arm outer end at anticreep, on the beam on each each limit of mesh, be provided with simultaneously an anticreep buttress perpendicular to the beam upper surface, there is the anticreep hole of an anticreep hole and anticreep support arm outer end to be complementary on the anticreep buttress, distance between each adjacent anticreep buttress is all identical, the anticreep buttress is not crossed over the center line on each each limit of honeycomb hole, its porose vertical side only overlaps with the corresponding center line in each limit of mesh, when being in the installation site, buoyancy aid utilize the bolt pass the anticreep hole of anticreep buttress and buoyancy aid anticreep support arm on the beam just can be fixed together buoyancy aid and net beam, when the application body waterborne at certain position or when require obtaining very big buoyancy and support with body under water, as long as increase the vertical dimension of this position buoyance lift spare and the number of plies of beam piece, and a plurality of buoyancy aids of clamping vertically just can.

25. in the removable buoyance lift spare framework of honeycomb lattice regular hexagon, adopt the fixed form of lock top formula according to the described buoyancy aid of claim 22, it is characterized in that: when in honeycomb lattice regular hexagon type buoyance lift spare framework, adopting the fixing means of locking the top formula to fix buoyancy aid, preferably adopt lockout mechanism to realize, the oval tubular of operated by rotary motion in the buoyance lift spare, ball-shaped buoyancy aid or cross-sectional plane are the compound buoyancy aid of orthohexagonal six rib main body shapes, this article thinks that preferably adopting oval barrel-contoured buoyancy aid and cross-sectional plane is the compound buoyancy aid of orthohexagonal hexa-prism, and the outside diameter of cylinder outline of cylindric buoyancy aid is less than the diameter in benchmark regular hexagon inscribe garden, cross-sectional plane be the compound buoyancy aid of regular hexagon six rib main body shapes cross-sectional plane also outline less than the benchmark hexagon, buoyancy aid can easily be inserted from honeycomb hole among the framework of buoyance lift spare, the top of cylinder buoyancy aid need be provided with a ratio beam piece honeycomb hole smaller regular hexagon chain-wales the same with the compound buoyancy aid top of six rib main body shapes, all be provided with on six limits above the chain-wales constitute lockout mechanism locking ring, and be referred to as the buoyancy aid locking ring; In detachable buoyance lift spare top net Beam piece, also all be equiped with the locking ring that energy and buoyancy aid locking ring match equally on the beam of each honeycomb hole of arrangement buoyancy aid, and be referred to as the mesh locking ring, the locking of lockout mechanism is fastened from buoyancy aid locking ring and the corresponding lock hole of mesh locking ring and is passed, the buoyancy of buoyancy aid passes to buoyance lift spare by the many covers locking mechanism at buoyancy aid top, locking fasten and the power transmission face of lock hole between add an elastic cushion block, the floatage energy that whole buoyancy aid is produced passes to buoyance lift spare framework by each lockout mechanism of top more equably.

26. strut member according to the described removable regular hexagon basic block of claim 21, it is characterized in that: the strut member pillar setting in the removable positive six shape basic blocks can have the setting of concentrating and edge that dual mode is set, usually dual mode adopts simultaneously, the floor plan mode of strut member pillar is identical with the floor plan mode of pillar in the positive removable buoyance lift spare framework of hexagonal prism, when being the pillar employing centralized arrangement mode of buoyance lift spare framework, the pillar of strut member adopts the centralized arrangement mode too, the pillar of strut member is planted in the top of buoyance lift spare pillar, be generally the extension naturally vertically upward of buoyance lift spare pillar, some installings also can be set by the mode of edge setting on adjacent level splicing-in frame simultaneously decide the edge pillar of mechanism to some extent, the height of pillar should be more than or equal to fully developed sea and platform bottom security personnel's buoyancy aid height sum.

27. non-dismounting regular hexagon buoyance lift spare according to the semisubmersible basic block of the described positive hexagonal prism shape of claim 21, it is characterized in that: in the positive non-dismounting class of hexagonal prism shape buoyance lift spare, they both can be provided with horizontal splicing-in frame or vertical splicing-in frame separately, also can be provided with level splicing frame and vertical splicing frame simultaneously, each splicing-in frame all is provided with and adjacent basic block bonded assembly lockout mechanism, level splicing limit connects into an osed top circle Beam usually, in the circle Beam the various suitable non-dismounting buoyancy aid that mode tangent with cylinder or that kissing connects is closely linked is set, its cylinder and trapezoidal circle Beam buoyancy aid tangent or that join also links together with mode and the circle Beam that combines closely, these buoyancy aids are preferably appearance profile and are cylindric or prism-shaped or the spherical controlled compound buoyancy aid of inner tube of a tyre formula, cylindric or prismatic buoyancy aid can also serve as buoyance lift spare frame pillar except that producing buoyancy function, in order to improve the buoyancy reliability of non-dismounting class buoyance lift spare, be preferably in the impermeable light foam material of filling in each buoyancy aid inner chamber, or serve as a contrast the one or more inflatable inner tube of a tyre that is not easy to leak of going into to be complementary in the chamber within it, also can not only fill impermeable light foam material but also serve as a contrast into the inflatable inner tube of a tyre, like this, even floating body lumen wall is broken a bit and is leaked, buoyancy is not had much influences yet, in addition, enter the charge air of the inner tube of a tyre by adjusting, also can make its buoyancy satisfy the needs of platform attitude control system easily, the above-mentioned inner tube of a tyre all adopts tough and tensile and resilient rubber or artificial synthetic High molecular material etc. to make, owing to adopted the soft inner tube of a tyre, can also be when the inner tube of a tyre breaks by the diver at the scene with its replacing, make on hardware for non-detouchable buoyancy aid obtained to have can " soft " dismounting function, carry out the installation and maintenance and the gas line of the soft inner tube of a tyre for convenience under water, laying of sensor cable left the vertical channel well that can satisfy above-mentioned requirements usually in each non-dismounting class buoyance lift spare.

28. strut member according to the described non-dismounting regular hexagon basic block of claim 21, it is characterized in that: the pillar of non-dismounting regular hexagon basic block strut member stands on the top of the non-dismounting of regular hexagon buoyance lift spare, the floor plan mode of pillar can compare flexibly, usually use dispersed arrangement form and centralized arrangement mode, dispersed arrangement form is that the central part at each buoyancy aid top is provided with pillar respectively, the centralized arrangement mode is for to be divided into several zones to buoyancy aid by horizontal distribution at the top of buoyance lift spare, each zone all includes the buoyancy aid of some, and a baseplate is set at each regional buoyancy aid top, central part at this seat board is provided with a concentrated pillar, this pillar can transmit whole buoyancy that the one's respective area buoyancy aid is produced, and the height of pillar should be more than or equal to fully developed sea and platform bottom security personnel's buoyancy aid height sum.

29. sharp Y shape basic block according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: sharp Y shape basic block by three identical positive hexagonal prism basic blocks a rib respectively to be arranged coincide together and the array mode of tip platform alignment and the semisubmersible basic block made, it has 12 outer ribs in appearance, 12 outer cylinders, it transversal and profile are that the mode that the regular hexagon of three congruences coincides together with three summits is spliced into the Y fonts that each adjacent bifurcated is mutually 120 degree angles, the top of each bifurcated of Y word is the wedge angle of 120 degree, its external surrounding frame is an equilateral protruding dodecagon, this basic block since during fabrication these three positive hexagonal prisms be closely linked, it equally both can be made into the knockdown type basic block, also can make non-dismounting type basic block, the constructive method of the method for its formation and positive hexagonal prism shape basic block is identical.

30. flat Y shape basic block according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: Y font 18 prisms that it is made up of four identical positive hexagonal prism basic blocks, be the center promptly with a positive hexagonal prism, on being separated by 120 three cylinders of spending, this cylinder all with cylinder the mode of pasting and top platform aligns is spliced to form one 18 prism with a cylinder of other identical positive hexagonal prisms respectively again, its cross-sectional plane is equilateral protruding ten octagons, its profile also is the Y shape, three bifurcateds of Y word also distribute in the mode that is mutually 120 degree angles, in fact the intersection center of Y word and each bifurcated are exactly a complete regular hexagon, it equally both can be made into the knockdown type basic block, also can be made into non-dismounting type basic block, the constructive method of the method for its formation and positive hexagonal prism shape basic block is identical.

31. integrated buoyancy aid according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: integrated buoyancy aid is by ferro-concrete, metal, with rigid material a big cavity is separated into a plurality of isolated mutually areolas again in the big annular seal space that materials such as compound are made, usually garden shape and these two kinds of integrated buoyancy aids of honeycomb type are overlapped in the employing garden, overlapping a plurality of cylinders in the large cylinder that the round integrated buoyancy aid of circle cover is a periphery, preferably adopt one of a great circle jacket casing have same axis the little cylinder in center (usually the diameter of the little cylinder in center be slightly less than the large cylinder diameter 1/3rd), with the certain spacing of being separated by n individual (being preferably four) and big is set in the garden annulus between the little cylinder outer wall of large cylinder inwall and center again, the little cylinder in centre that little cylindrical wall is all tangent, both non-intersect not tangent between little cylinder in the middle of each yet, and their axis all is parallel to the axis of large cylinder, each medium and small cylinder is all contour with large cylinder, and all with the public top of top shrouding of large cylinder, 2n+1 the separate space of separating mutually just arranged in the large cylinder like this, when this buoyancy aid need be provided with the vertical channel well, preferably utilize and be sandwiched in two spaces between the middle cylinder, the upper and lower side of passage well all has a circular channel mouth, each separate space of integrated buoyancy aid both can be that the hemi-closure space that opening directly opens wide and seawater communicates is arranged at the bottom, also the totally-enclosed space of seal base is arranged at the bottom, all being provided with remote control on the seal base of each seal cavity advances, flowing water Valve, the remote control charge valve, the remote control blow off valve, relevant air duct and water level detector cable etc., these relevant pipelines can enter the buoyancy aid bottom from the vertical channel well, also can enter the bottom of buoyancy aid from the outer side edges of large cylinder, the exhausr port of wherein being located at the gas exhaust duct in each seal chamber must place near the top of each seal cavity, the integrated buoyancy aid of honeycomb type is the center with the positive hexagonal prism shape of the benchmark of suitable designing requirement cavity body, be close to its each cylinder splicing-in one circle positive hexagonal prism the same with the positive hexagonal prism of benchmark, afterwards with the so positive hexagonal prism shape cavity body of the same manner splicing-in multi-turn, (n is for centering on the hexagonal number of turns of center reference till the n circle that designing institute needs, its value is a natural number), integrated buoyancy aid that profile also is positive hexagonal prism shape of final formation, so just be called the honeycomb ceramics that includes [1+3n (1+n)] positive hexagonal prism shape of individual benchmark cavity body in the whole integrated buoyancy aid, adjacent positive hexagonal prism shape cavity body is all used this public chamber wall during actual the manufacturing, to obtain minimum manufacturing cost, minimum " honeycomb hole " that will leave a back cover not of neither binding also made the vertical channel well of used pipeline of this integrated buoyancy aid and maintenance in the integrated buoyancy aid of each honeycomb type, the top shrouding of all the other each independent hexagonal prism shape cavitys fuses and forms public top shrouding, their downward " honeycomb holes " mouth equally both can be directly to open wide and the seawater connection, also can have form seal cavity the bottom shrouding, when seal base is arranged, all be equiped with on each " honeycomb hole " cooresponding seal base plate remote operatedly to advance, flowing water Valve, the remote control charge valve, the remote control blow off valve, relevant air duct and water level detector cable etc., the exhaust pipe mouth of gas exhaust duct wherein must place near the top of each hexa-prism seal cavity, when in above-mentioned garden cover garden type and honeycomb type each little enclosure spaces of two kinds of integrated buoyancy aids, the softer inner tube of a tyre being set, on each cooresponding sealed bottom in independent sealed space except being provided with remote control turnover water valve, also should be provided with and be convenient to that the inner tube of a tyre is installed and the manhole door of maintenance, " honeycomb hole " that will leave a back cover not of neither binding also in the employed integrated buoyancy aid of non-netted shape platform makes the vertical channel well of used pipeline of this integrated buoyancy aid and maintenance.

32. inner tube of a tyre formula buoyancy aid according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: inner tube of a tyre class buoyancy aid is a sealable big shell of being made by bigger materials of rigidity such as ferro-concrete, metal, composite materials, serve as a contrast the inner tube of a tyre that good strong but pliable in texture and resilient rubber of one or more employing air-tightness or artificial synthesized polymer material etc. are made in the cavity of shell again, the bottom of shell is provided with the salable manhole door of being convenient to install and change the inner tube of a tyre, and the sealable big shell and the inner tube of a tyre can obtain to produce the pressurized air of buoyancy from compressed air system.

33. adjustable buoyancy aid according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the adjustable type buoyancy aid has a sealable shell of being made by material of construction, in the space that shell contains, one or more independently cavitys are arranged, each independent cavity all is provided with to this cavity pours water, advancing of draining, drain hose and inflation, the appendix of exhaust, the sensor cable of freeing pipe and water level detector and transmission water level information etc., wherein water inlet, drainage pipeline, all insert with sensor cable in the bottom of annular seal space shell, and inflate, freeing pipe both can insert in the bottom of housing, also can insert at the top of housing, when freeing pipe inserted in the bottom, the exhausr port of chamber inside exhaust pipe will place the top of inner chamber; Water inlet, drainage pipeline and inflation, freeing pipe all are provided with the remote control valve that is subjected to the control of platform posture monitoring system accordingly, these remote valves can be the valve of types such as electronic control type, air-driven type, hydraulic, ecp type and electric-controlled hydraulic type, water level detector can be the water level detector of types such as electric contact type, electromagnetic type, photoelectric type, ultrasonic type, laser class then, and both can use wherein a kind of also can be by the use that combines of above-mentioned various models separately.

34. permanent buoyancy buoyancy aid according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is made up of the shell of the buoyancy that the object materials that produces constant buoyancy and these objects of collection produce, the shell of buoyancy aid is normally by ferro-concrete, metal, rubber, the material that toughness such as composite material are bigger is made, the interior usefulness of the cavity of shell does not seep water and the permanent buoyant material (as purpose made obturator-type foamed plastic) more light than water produces constant buoyancy, and they are placed the inner chamber of various non-permanent buoyancy buoyancy aids, again to be that the root mode is bundled on the ad hoc position, buoyancy aid inwall bottom, make corresponding non-constant force buoyancy aid become permanent buoyancy buoyancy aid after preferably these permanent buoyant materials being packed in the mesh bag.

35. compound buoyancy aid according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is by having adjustable buoyancy aid simultaneously, integrated buoyancy aid, discrete buoyancy aid, the buoyancy aid that two or more performance combines in the permanent buoyancy buoyancy aid, after setting up the inner tube of a tyre again in each closed inner chamber of integrated buoyancy aid, just constitute the integrated compound buoyancy aid of inner tube of a tyre formula, that sets up an inner tube of a tyre in discrete buoyancy aid just becomes the discrete compound buoyancy aid of single inner tube of a tyre, that sets up two above inner tubes of a tyre in discrete buoyancy aid just becomes the discrete compound buoyancy aid of many inner tubes of a tyre, in the buoyancy aid inner chamber not only the permanent buoyancy material material of filling part but also the inner tube of a tyre is set just become the compound buoyancy aid of the accurate permanent buoyancy of inner tube of a tyre formula

36. according to claim 1 or 13 or 22 described be the radical buoyancy aid, it is characterized in that: be that the bottom of radical buoyancy aid has a root system root bar (or become closed hoop be the root rope), one what be fixed in rod end is the root ring.

37. according to claim 1 or 13 or 22 described plug-in buoyancy aids, it is characterized in that: the plug-in buoyancy aid is generally oval tubular, the diameter of cylinder is slightly less than the diameter in mesh inscribe garden, buoyancy aid place, the height of the buoyance lift spare framework integer layer that buoyancy aid was crossed over when the height of garden tube should be slightly larger than clamping, the horizontal anticreep support arm that the vertical cylinder of one deck is arranged around the cylinder of cylinder upper end, the limit number of the number of horizontal anticreep support arm and buoyancy aid place mesh is identical and identical adjacent spacing arranged between them, the length of every horizontal anticreep support arm is slightly smaller than the buoyancy aid cylinder a horizontal support arm anticreep hole to the distance of net (eye) Beam axis and in the termination, corresponding with horizontal anticreep support arm, the Beam face on the every limit of mesh is provided with a vertical anticreep buttress, near the horizontal buttress anticreep hole that also has an energy and support arm anticreep hole to be complementary the vertical anticreep buttress top, the axis in support arm anticreep hole is overlapped with the axis in buttress anticreep hole, pass an anticreep bolt in the air from these two this moment, the horizontal mounting arm of buoyancy aid is linked together with the vertical anticreep buttress of mesh Beam face, prevent to produce between buoyancy aid and the buoyance lift spare skeleton purpose that horizontally rotates thereby reached, in order to allow the anticreep bolt can follow of the lifting of following equal compression elasticity pad deformation causing buoyancy aid with respect to skeleton, buttress anticreep hole is for there being the slotted hole of large-size in vertical direction, on the buoyancy aid cylinder below the horizontal anticreep support arm, be distributed with buoyancy aid and cross over the identical lift support arm layer of the buoyance lift spare skeleton Beam piece number of plies, the height of corresponding adjacent net Beam between fast equates in height between the adjacent lift support arm layer and the buoyance lift spare skeleton, every layer has the lift support arm of counting equal number with the mesh limit, the areal of support of each lift support arm all be in each layer Beam fast below, and transmit the buoyancy that buoyancy aid produces soon to Beam soon by a cushion, the support arm of each layer all is distributed on the buoyancy aid cylinder with identical spacing, the vertical projection of anticreep support arm and each layer support arm all overlaps mutually, the horizontal length of each support arm is slightly less than half of horizontal clearance of mesh Beam, should when elder generation when being arranged to buoyancy aid in the buoyance lift spare horizontal arm of lift support arm point to top, the angle direction of mesh, allow buoyancy aid enter after the position location of buoyance lift spare skeleton again the rotating floating body certain angle (the square mesh to rotate 45 degree, the regular hexagon mesh to rotate 30 degree) each support arm all is in respectively net the fast bottom of Beam, it is fast to be equipped with a cushion between each lift support arm and the netted Beam, and the floatage energy that cushion makes whole buoyancy aid produce soon is assigned on each lift support arm more equably.

38. according to claim 1 or 13 or 22 described lock top formula buoyancy aids, it is characterized in that: lock top formula buoyancy aid generally also is oval cylindrical shell or long prism, the diameter of cylinder is slightly less than the inscribe garden diameter of buoyancy aid place mesh, the height of garden tube equals the height of buoyance lift spare skeleton substantially, the cross-sectional plane of prism is then similar with the shape of a mesh at buoyancy aid place and be slightly less than mesh, the formula buoyancy aid top, lock top of buoyancy aid is provided with a cap shape polygon chain-wales, the flat-bed shape is similar with the mesh of the residing lock of buoyancy aid top formula buoyance lift spare top net beam piece, and can just place among the mesh, each limit of mesh of top each limit of chain-wales and buoyance lift spare frame roof net beam piece all is equiped with the lock apical ring that quantity is suitable and can cooperatively interact, the lock top that these two lock apical rings are passed in utilization fastens that the buoyancy of buoyancy aid is passed to the net Beam at top of buoyance lift spare is fast, the lock top mechanism of lock top formula buoyancy aid and the aufbauprinciple of the lockout mechanism on the splicing-in limit are identical, simultaneously locking fasten with the power transmission face of locking apical pore between add an elastic cushion block, the floatage energy that whole buoyancy aid is produced pushes up mechanism by each lock of top more equably and passes to buoyance lift spare framework.

39. the liptinite according to claim 1 is characterized in that: liptinite be a tiling ground swim in the sea oneself as hermetic netted buoyancy aid, its mesh can be shapes such as triangle or polygon,

40. security personnel's buoyancy aid according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: these buoyancy aids all are the various buoyancy aids of installing in the mode of being close to the raft bottom surface, but the difunctional buoyancy aid that some of them had also not only had the storing compressed air function but also had security personnel's buoyancy aid function.

41. compressed air sub-system according to the posture monitoring system of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the female pipe of the air feed master of this compressed air sub-system can adopt single main piping-main scheme formula or segmentation master piping-main scheme formula, in segmentation master piping-main scheme formula, every section main female pipe is all supplied with the air compressor of source of the gas by valve and one or more, the little female pipe of one or more sub-district gas storage, the female pipe of segmentation master at little female pipe of one or more sub-district air feed and two ends, the left and right sides is connected, the pressurized air of being sent by air compressor transfers in the female pipe of this section pressurized air master through a remote control source of the gas valve and a check valve, be positioned at the main female pipe of this section two ends and be equiped with two remote control sectioning valves, between the female pipe of main gas and every little female pipe of sub-district gas storage, be equiped with a remote control interchange valve, all there is a remote control to import and export air valve between each storage tank of every little female pipe of sub-district gas storage and this sub-district, utilize the terminal valve of interchange valve and each storage tank, both can be in each storage tank that is connected on the little female pipe of gas storage the compressed air delivery on main female pipe, (these storage tanks both can be installed in the buoyance lift spare and also can be installed under the platform,) can also be stored in pressurized air in the gas cabin of liptinite by flexible pipe when needed in addition, it is main for air inlet valve to be connected with a remote control between female pipe of main gas and the little female pipe of each sub-district distribution, and between little female pipe of sub-district gas storage and the little female pipe of sub-district distribution, be connected with a remote control storage for air inlet valve, utilize these two air inlet valves can make distribution little female Guan Neng in sub-district both can obtain pressurized air easily and also can obtain pressurized air from the little female pipe of gas storage from the female pipe of main gas, improved the reliability of the little female Guan Xiangben of sub-district distribution sub-district buoyancy aid air feed widely, on the little female pipe of sub-district distribution, be equiped with many in parallel to the gas filed lateral of adjustable buoyancy aid, every branch all connects by a remote control charge valve, the other end of charge valve passes through flange, pipeline assembly and each adjustable buoyancy aid intracavity inter-connection such as pipeline, attitude control system is controlled the remote control charge valve and the remote control sluicing valve of each buoyancy aid when needed, at the main female pipe of each section, the little female pipe of gas storage, the little female pipe of distribution, the positions such as outlet conduit of storage tank and compressed air engine all are equiped with pressure sensor, and utilize cable that these pressure sensors and posture monitoring system are coupled together.

42. type sea, deep-sea according to claim 1 instrument, it is characterized in that: it is made up of a deep sea water communicating pipe and a long cylinder annular seal space shell that generates local steady sea, deep sea water is communicated with more than 200 meter of pipe range, the mouth of pipe at the deep-sea end is fixed with a guard that prevents that foreign matter from stopping up, be connected by the sea indictor tube in flange (or special conduit coupling) and a velamen places with wave of the sea is isolated the oval tubular containment shell at this end that is in the sea, the cylindrical shape containment shell be vertically fixed on the pillar of strut member and the top that makes shell near the flat-bed bottom, the length of cylindrical shape containment shell is slightly less than the raft bottom to the distance between the buoyance lift spare top, sea indictor tube length in the shell is slightly shorter than shell, be equiped with the water level detector that the sea water level in the indictor tube of sea is monitored in the seal chamber, water level detector can adopt the electric contact type, electromagnetic type, photoelectric type, ultrasonic type, with models such as laser classes, or the organic assembling of above-mentioned various sensors, there is the end cap of the water level detector that is easy for installation and maintenance the upper end of sea instrument cylindrical shape containment shell cavity, end cap is connected by flange with main cavity, adding packing seal between these two flanges seals, near below the flange, two perforates are arranged, one is used for the sensor installation cable socket, to seal with packing seal or additive method between socket and the casing wall, another is used for introducing one section small-bore communicating pipe, the outer wall of this Guan Yiduan and sea instrument casing wall combine closely, the other end is connected by the outlet of Tube jointer with a remote control triple valve, the normal open import of triple valve also is connected with an atmospheric communicating pipe by Tube jointer, atmospheric communicating pipe has an elbow that makes the mouth of pipe to next 180 degree after upwards leading to the platform bottom, the normally closed import of triple valve is connected with the compressed air system that is specifically designed to detection sea instrument by Tube jointer and corresponding pipeline, be used to check the source of the gas of the compressed air system of sea instrument, by obtaining by reducing valve to the female pipe of the gas filed compressed air system master of buoyancy aid, just often the inner chamber of the cylindrical shape containment shell of sea instrument communicates by the normal open walk and the atmosphere of remote control triple valve.

43. universal sea according to claim 1 instrument, it is characterized in that: it is made up of two parts up and down, its bottom is the sea susceptor of an octopus shape, its top is one and generates the local steadily long cylinder annular seal space shell on sea, the structure of annular seal space and type sea, deep-sea instrument are identical, be to be with the sea indictor tube of an actual ash breeze of representative in the annular seal space and to be provided with to detect the water level detector that ash breeze changes, the top that parts are experienced on after sea indictor tube in the shell is drawn from the housing lower end and the sea of an octopus shape is connected together, there is the header that can tell many branched pipes in the central authorities that parts are experienced on the sea, header is made of one section back cover garden pipe that is drilled with a plurality of taps hole on the face of cylinder, the outside, then as the long pawl of octopus, tap hole from header connects many length branch sampling line all identical with internal diameter again, the end of each branch's sampling line also all is with the guard that an anti-foreign matter stops up, and the Shen is in the different parts water from all directions of header, and each branch's sampling line end all is fixed on the dark as far as possible same degree of depth in buoyance lift spare bottom, each branch's sampling line of back is installed all must be dull decline state (the cargo tray for light cargo coiled that some position is long), and guarantee to make bubble in pipe, not have the place of stagnating, allow and all be full of water in the pipe, each branch's sampling line end should be distributed in the design-calculated maximum wavelength in zero this section interval to the distance of the intersection point on the plane at branch header axis and the terminal place of branched pipe, both can come value between them by the random scattering mode, also can adopt gap distribution mode such as analog-to-digital to come value, branch's sampling line is that stretch out in middle mind-set four directions with the axis of sea instrument, the many more benchmark seas that obtain the indictor tube of sea in the instrument annular seal space of sea of the number of branch's sampling line are just stable more, and the number of branch's sampling line can change flexibly according to the platform of different purposes.

44. vector propeller according to claim 1 is characterized in that; Vector propeller combustion engine or electric motor driven propeller plant, the primary mover of propelling unit can be arranged on the pedestal, the rail supported that is fixed in horizontal garden annular on the offshore platform or semi-round ring shape the pedestal of primary mover, (commentaries on classics that produces when combustion engine apart from by can or adopt when mouth realizes that the change speed gear box of positive and reverse steering conversion transmits directly with electrical motor produce change apart from the time, the track that supports the primary mover pedestal can be half garden annular), whole pedestal can come back rotation in the center of circle around circular orbit under the effect of draw gear on the circular orbit of garden, the power of primary mover horizontal shaft output sends the horizontal input shaft end of putting gear case to by fluid coupling, cone gear in the gear case is paid and is become horizontally rotate into vertical rotation and send vertically downward output axle head to, and the garden that this mouth vertically downward don't fail to be positioned at the garden loop orbit in the heart, on put gear case casing be fixed on the same pedestal with primary mover, the upper end of a vertical sleeve overlap live in to put lower gearbox portion output axle head vertically downward and and on put gear case body and link together, the lower end of this sleeve entangle the lower tooth roller box input shaft end and and the lower limb gear case body connect together, (when primary mover adopts the electrical motor of vertical shaft, can not use the gear case of putting), the two ends that are in the tween drive spindle in the sleeve are connected with the output axle head of upper gear box and the input shaft end of underlying gear case respectively, two ends and middle part are all supported by the bearing that is fixed in the vertical sleeve about the tween drive spindle, tween drive spindle vertically stretches into marine in sleeve, the input shaft end of underlying gear case is accepted the commentaries on classics distance of intermediate rotary shaft transmission and by the bevel gear pair in the case it is sent on the output axle head of horizontality, the horizontal output axle head of underlying gear case connects horizontal screw propeller rotating shaft, the horizontal rotating shaft of screw propeller is supported by the bearing that is fixed on the horizontal bush inwall, one end of horizontal bush entangle the bottom bevel gear housing the output axle head and be fixed on the bevel gear housing casing of bottom, the other end of horizontal bush links together by a diagonal brace and vertical sleeve, forms a stable triangular structure; The length of vertical sleeve and vertical tween drive spindle should be able to make whole propeller all be in the below of maximum trough, the two ends up and down of vertical axle sleeve are supported by being fixed in two bearings of flat-bed, primary mover fuses by upper end gear case and vertical sleeve and can rotate with the whole center of circle around the garden loop orbit of support, thereby make spiral propeller produce needed vectored thrust, to obtain the needed compensation thrust of control system.

45. implantation according to claim 1 is a basic block, it is characterized in that: the structure of basic half its trunk of submerged body piece of implantation formula is just the same with a bamboo pole, in a pipe, there is the dividing plate as the polylith ring that it is separated into a plurality of separate osed top space intervals, each all is equiped with the relative assembly of this interval of control buoyancy size at interval, promptly be positioned at the Inlet and outlet water remote valve (or paddle hole) of bottom at interval and to putting on the air at interval, carry out the remote valve of exhaust and pipeline etc. from the top, interval, these pipelines all connect together securely with the basic block trunk and draw the interface that is connected source of the gas and control line from the platform end of piece, basic block in the implantation formula that is used for profound marine site, to be divided into number proper depth interval to entire depth by step-wise manner, air feed is come with the female pipe of the different pressurized air of pressure in interval in the different depth interval, each can be provided with by the standard of compound buoyancy aid at interval, each must leave the turnover water valve of being convenient to place the aperture of door of the inner tube of a tyre or permanent buoyancy aid at interval and this interval of control buoyancy being set on its bottom sidewall at interval during fabrication simultaneously, inflation, parts such as blow off valve, there is sealing member at the edge of aperture of door, there is multilayer to contain the chain-wales of trunk cross-sectional plane fully by axial distribution on the cylinder of implantation formula basic block trunk, the vertical projection of each chain-wales can both coincide together, chain-wales is preferably the isosceles trapezoid shape, the axis of basic block is all perpendicular to chain-wales and pass the center of circle in the inscribe garden of chain-wales, all there are some to constitute the locking ring of interblock lockout mechanism on the two waist limits of each trapezoidal chain-wales, a fan-shaped pedestal is all arranged at the bottom of each implantation formula basic block, is distributed with a lot of cup-shaped suckers that can obtain bearing force and adhesive ability from the sea bed of softness on pedestal and the bottom surface that sea bed contacts.

46. aspect sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: aspect sensor has magnetic inductive and photo-electric two big classes; The magnetic inductive aspect sensor is made up of a permanent magnet and a plurality of magnet-sensitive element, magnet-sensitive element can be dry-reed tube, magnetodiode, magnetic sensitive transistor and or Hall element etc., magnet-sensitive element is distributed on the outside of circular orbit or the horizontal circular ring of inner edge (or half garden ring) to have between the adjacent elements with equidistant mode, the vertical projection in the center of circle of the vertical projection of the garden heart of horizontal circular ring and track garden ring overlaps, permanent magnet is fixed on the ramuscule arm end that stretches out from pedestal, the physical condition that the length of little support arm should be able to satisfy this element when making the inswept magnet-sensitive element of permanent magnet produces significant change, the photo-electric aspect sensor can launch ultrared shaven head by one and a plurality of infrared light activated photosensor that the corresponding light hair is gone out is formed, the arrangements of elements mode of its arrangements of elements mode and magnetic inductive aspect sensor is identical, the infrared light end instr is distributed on the outside of circular orbit or the horizontal circular ring of inner edge (or half garden ring) to have between the adjacent elements with equidistant mode, the vertical projection in the center of circle of the vertical projection of the garden heart of horizontal circular ring and track garden ring overlaps, infrared shaven head is fixed on the ramuscule arm end that stretches out from pedestal, the physical condition of this element produced significant change when the length of little support arm should be able to satisfy the inswept infrared light end instr of the light that makes infrared shaven head, and don't as for running into end instr.

47. vertical detection instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the vertical detection instrument is by base plate, shell, pendulum shape vertical reference spare, the range finding probe, support, parts and material formations such as damping liquid, base plate has a plurality of anchor bolt holes that are used for fixing instrument, the bottom leak-tight joint of base plate and shell is in the same place, shell can be divided into two parts up and down, two parts can constitute an annular seal space housing by the link between it (as flange) up and down, the top of cavity shell is divided into the cup-shaped cover that can cover entire bracket, there is the optical transmission window of a circle in the central authorities at cover top, by this window can know see the cover in the indicated orientation of compass, the pedestal of the housing double as instrument of lower part, pedestal is the large container shape and Sheng is loaded with the bigger damping liquid of viscosity, in the pedestal top edges cable connection socket that is used for sensor is arranged, the container internal fixation a up-right support that is made of the regular triangular prism shape three little pillars and some crossbeams, prop up top of the trellis one chain-wales is arranged, the chain-wales top is provided with the compass of an indication geographic orientation, center-point below the top of the trellis chain-wales is the hitch point of vertical reference spare, some is similar for pendulum shape vertical hanging spare and pendulum, it is by an elongate threaded screw that is equivalent to fork, a damping piece that is positioned at the pendulum position, one is positioned at fork middle and lower part circle of position column vertical reference spare, a cup-shaped that is screwed in the fork top hangs nut and one section suspension line compositions such as (ropes) that passes from suspension nut top center hole, the pendulum position of fork lower end is big vertical surface to be arranged and be submerged in damping piece in the damping liquid by own wt, there is a vertical screw that is connected with the fork threads engaged at the center, upper surface of damping piece, when being submerged in damping liquid, damping piece do not exist the center of gravity of the air chamber that forms by it and whole damping piece must be positioned on the axis that connects screw, the lower end of fork is screwed into fork and damping piece is fused, the periphery of cylindric vertical reference spare is very bright, there is the tapped bore of and fork threads engaged the centre of cylinder, the axis of screw and cylindrical axis overlap mutually, cylindric standard generally is screwed in the bottom (i.e. the top of close damping piece) of fork, cup-shaped hangs nut and resembles very much a columnar cup, the inwall of cup also has the suitable negative thread of screw thread of energy and fork, the bottom of cup is towards the sky during normal the use, the center at the cup end has a confession to wear the suppending hole of suspension line, the axis that the axis of suppending hole and cup-shaped hang the nut screw thread overlaps mutually, pass from suppending hole than hanging the slightly little suspension line in aperture, there is a spillikin that stops suspension line to skid off from suppending hole in the one end system of suspension line, then the cup-shaped that is installed with suspension line is hung the top that nut is screwed to fork, the convenient usefulness suspension of whole vertical hanging spare linear system is consolidated below the top platform central authorities of up-right support, by regulating the length of suspension line, the damping piece of vertical hanging spare lower end is immersed in the damping liquid of big viscosity fully, and make damping piece in the measurement range of instrument, can not meet other members, this set makes the face of cylinder of cylindric vertical reference spare keep plumbness constantly, suitably increase the length of the whole vertical hanging spare that comprises effective suspension line, can improve the sensitivity of instrument, be positioned at garden annular platform on the cylinder axis of cylindric vertical reference spare being equiped with a center of circle on three posts of the regular triangular prism shape up-right support of the periphery that faces cylindric standard position intermediate, the internal diameter of garden ring is more than 1.2 times of body diameter of vertical reference spare, should make garden ring platform be in needed horizontality when just establishing during installation, the bearing of fixed range sensor is by garden ring flat surface rest, and it is mobile to make bearing radially make precision by garden ring flat-bed by adjusting sieve bar, and the rang sensor that is installed in bearing is mainly used to detect the distance of each sensor to the vertical reference spare face of cylinder, rang sensor requires to have higher precision, can adopt laser class, types such as ultrasonic type, the rang sensor that is installed on the ring-shaped platform of garden has two usually, three or three are with first-class different numbers, they all are evenly distributed on the ring platform of garden with identical distance, what two rang sensors were arranged can only constitute one dimension vertical detection instrument, be that it can only experience the relative settlement that connects these two these linear portion ends of rang sensor probe formation, the two-dimentional vertical detection instrument of constituting of three and three above rang sensors is arranged, it can experience the well azimuth that the plane occurred and the tilting value at its place, the detection probe of above-mentioned these rang sensors can accurately be regulated by adjusting screw(rod) to the initial distance of cylindric vertical reference spare periphery, and the detection probe that should make each rang sensor during initial setting up all equates to the initial distance of cylindric vertical reference spare periphery.

48. aseptic technic according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: when platform member adopts general steel to make; (anode that is the anti-corrosion protection power supply is connected on the hard ware of being protected can also to adopt ripe cathode protecting process except adopting the anticorrosive material coating surface; the protection metal that is in the seawater then is connected on its negative pole); when main framing adopts ferro-concrete, three kinds of safeguard procedures can be arranged; first; can be the fine and close water-reducible finish of concrete surface spraying (having the coating of good water resistance etc. as modified bitumen or other); second adopts the skin of ferro-concrete to use than protecting with the slightly high pressure-fired fresh water maintenance hole layer of the seawater pressure of even depth at main framing; the 3rd; pressure-fired fresh water maintenance hole layer of Cai Yonging and the surface fine and close water-reducible finish of spraying protect simultaneously; make seawater be difficult to infiltrate in the cement concrete; reinforcing bar obtains protection and is not easy corrosion; above-mentioned pressure-fired fresh water maintenance hole layer obtains according to the methods below; promptly making good main framing Beam; spiral fashion winding layer that one deck have suitable pitch twined with the pipeline that tube wall can seep water to the outside all around in the post outside; then adopt same infiltration pipeline to lay on large-area basic blocks surface with serpentine fashion; build one deck is made muscle with steel mesh conservation layer cement concrete again in these infiltration flexible pipe outsides then; every fresh water pipe of fresh water conservation layer all has intake-outlet; after being full of fresh water pipe with fresh water; with fresh water pipe outlet sealing; the water inlet of fresh water pipe inserts out at the bottom of the static pressure fresh-water tank of sea certain altitude by pipeline in; the height on the normal sea of static pressure fresh-water tank distance should make the fresh water in the fresh water conservation layer can keep the pressure also higher than the pressure of same degree of depth seawater; usually the height on the normal sea of static pressure fresh-water tank distance from bottom is more than 0.06 times of fresh water conservation layer extreme depth of living in; to be in the static pressure that shallow-layer position fresh water conservation layer is born in order reducing, also can highly different static pressure fresh-water tanks to be set respectively by different depth intervals.

49. mariner growth prevent attachment techniques according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the anticorrosive paint that platform member is used blending some can make the pH value of coating reach alkaline matter about 9-10, or when reinforced concrete structure adopts the fresh water maintenance technology, add water-soluble alkaline matter in the water at conservation layer, make the water of conservation layer become the aqueous slkali that pH value reaches 9-10.

50. it is according to claim 1 less than father-in-law's formula offshore platform, it is characterized in that: locate to set up basket platform-ballast basket that some ballasts are used at " shank " of implantation formula basic block trunk middle and lower part, add cheap sandstone in the basket and make ballast, make whole flat-bed center of gravity be lower than whole flat-bed center of buoyance, whole platform be arranged to from the neritic area of implantation can not implantation the abyssal area, at this moment the implantation formula fixedly offshore platform just become floating type offshore platform with tumbler feature, in like manner, after the buoyance lift spare bottom of floating type offshore platform is set up " long leg " that has the ballast basket again and is added that suitable ballast makes its center of gravity be lower than center of buoyance, the floating type offshore platform also can become sea " tumbler ", marine " tumbler " formula platform has very high stability, it does not generally need to be provided with liptinite, is generally used for platform load and changes very little occasion or some special purpose.

51. adopt staged to concentrate the technical scheme of water track down according to the described basic block of claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is floating and have quite open place to build one from can satisfy water track (slideway that is equivalent to shipyard) under the trunk that the floating deep water of basic block extends upward certain altitude ashore agley always on the bank to satisfy basic block in the depth of water when formula is concentrated water track down, the both sides of water track are distributed with multistage ladder under the trunk, all lay branch's track on every grade of ladder, all can park one or many flat trucks that bearing capacity is very huge on every branch's track, basic block is just made on these flat trucks and is utilized it to make the carrier that transports, and a cable car that bearing capacity is bigger than flat truck is arranged on the water track under trunk, this cable car will be complementary with the gradient of water track under the trunk, the cable car loading surface that normally is in water track under the trunk is the level of state, cable car is connected with the high-end capstan winch of water track under trunk by hawser, utilize capstan winch can make cable car under trunk, move freely or rest on needed position on the water track, cable car is provided with a series of wheel shafts, the wheel shaft corresponding site all is equiped with the roller that can roll on water track under the trunk, being laid with not only one on the horizontal bearing face of cable car parallels with trunk slide rail road perpendicular (space projection that refers to them is orthogonal) but also with ladder branch track and can the fine load rail that is connected mutually, this load rail can be carried from branch's track and be sent the flat truck that is carrying basic block here, absolute altitude according to load rail parameter and precise design both sides ladder top set track on the gradient of water track under the trunk and the cable car face, the flat truck that carries basic block can be made things convenient in the load rail of sailing into exactly on the cable car to be gone, again flat truck is sent back in original branch's track or in the special storehouse track after cable car under the trunk on the water track is sent into basic block in the water, flat truck number on branch's track reaches 2 and 2 when above, the branch's track that must reserve a sky is made the storehouse track of flat truck, and this scheme especially is fit to the manufacturing that requirement has the basic piece of ferro-concrete of longer defects liability period.

52. according to the manufacturing technology scheme of the described basic block employing of claim 1 dock mode, it is characterized in that: when adopting the floating drydock mode to make basic block, the described raft formula structure with good storm resistance of this article is preferably adopted at floating drydock itself.

53. column liptinite according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is a column cavity body that longer dimension is arranged, be preferably oval tubular inner tube of a tyre formula buoyancy aid, numerous liptinites is distributed in the top of buoyance lift spare dispersedly with uniform level interval, and vertically stretch out the water surface as the massive pillar highland, it adopts removably to be planted on the buoyance lift spare, in addition, the pillar and the column liptinite of strut member are combined, make and can produce the sealable cylinder pillar of effectively stablizing buoyancy, this cylinder pillar preferably adopts the salable cylinder pillar of inner tube of a tyre formula formula float structure.

54. offshore platform according to claim 1, its purposes is characterised in that: offshore platform can be used for building various factories, mining firm, the agriculture and animal husbandry field, residential development, school, hospital, villa, the holiday village, recreation ground, the hotel, the warehouse, adrm, satellite launch site, satellite-control station, marine product plant, ocean depot, seawater desalting plant, sewage treatment plant, the high yield saltern, the oil production platform, bridge spanning the sea, break-water, superport, the artificial harbour of refuge of big midocean, sea green energy resource development device system, the speed per hour that suspends in water reaches more than 10,000 kilometer hyper-speed vacuum tunnel communications and transportation line, can stand the polar expedition station of sea area, polar region floating ice extruding, marine city and carry out the fabricate block that different combinations forms by above-mentioned various uses.

55. the special-purpose splicing-in platform of basic block according to claim 1 splicing-in method, its purposes is characterised in that: special-purpose splicing platform can be the offshore platform that general semisubmersible raft also can be " tumbler " formula, when adopting the offshore platform that does not pour into father-in-law's formula to make special use splicing platform, its displacement is than much bigger by the semisubmersible basic block of splicing-in, its cross-sectional outling is preferably the Y font, three the bifurcated sizes and the adjacent spacing of Y font are all identical, the end of each bifurcated all has energy and basic block to realize the splicing-in limit and the lockout mechanism of splicing-in, and there are two bifurcateds that vector propeller is housed at least, make special-purpose splicing-in platform deliver to the splicing-in position to the semisubmersible basic block that is fixed on bifurcate end with required direction and speed; Often also to be cooperated by the semisubmersible basic block of the single poor stability of splicing-in simultaneously and take certain stabilizing measures, usually make basic block splicing earlier have big buoyancy areal of support and the controlled interim buoyant mass of buoyancy, or in water, become the tumbler state by basic block at basic block bottom splicing ccasual ballast basket, to make things convenient for carrying out smoothly of splicing work, basic block is finished after the splicing to main platform body, the splicing-in dedicated platform with separated by the basic block of splicing-in, and interim buoyant mass that originally was connected to basic block or ballast basket are unloaded.