CN1338038A - Method and apparatus for charging a hole - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for charging a hole Download PDFInfo
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- CN1338038A CN1338038A CN99816176A CN99816176A CN1338038A CN 1338038 A CN1338038 A CN 1338038A CN 99816176 A CN99816176 A CN 99816176A CN 99816176 A CN99816176 A CN 99816176A CN 1338038 A CN1338038 A CN 1338038A
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- hole
- stopper
- high energy
- trigger
- energy material
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 166
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
- F42D1/18—Plugs for boreholes
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
A method of charging hole (12) drilled in rock or concrete (10), the method including inserting a quantity of energetic material (14) on or near the bottom (16) of hole (12). Lead (28) connects initiator (18) with an initiation source at ground level. Hole (12) is filled with stemming material (20) to a level (L) and plug (22) is positioned to rest on stemming material (20). Lead (28) threads through plug (22) via a slot, recess or passage. Mass (30) such as the bucket of excavator (32) and plug (22) prevent stemming material (20) from being blown out of hole (12) when energetic material (14) is detonated. The risk of collar area (C) being fragmented and energised to produce fly rock is reduced since the length of plug (22) is commensurate with the length of collar area (C). Plug (22) and stemming material (20) can be replaced by a stemming bar, with the stemming bar attached directly to energetic material (14).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of especially for the method for the pack hole that makes the broken or purpose (but being not limited thereto) that can be dug of hard material such as rock and concrete.
Background of invention
In mineral products and building industry, the cutting of hard material or fragmentation are key operations.A kind of known method is boring and blast.This method relates in hard material holes, and in this hole a large amount of high energy material of filling and the tamper of some common type.Not that the method for this pack hole has significant effects for the effect and the result of boring and blast unexpectedly.
A kind of exemplary program of pack hole is simply high energy material to be filled in the hole together with trigger, fill up whole hole or be filled to desired depth with for example tamper of some type of gravel, gel or stemming rod and so on then, trigger is ignited, thereby ignited high energy material.Sometimes, especially under the situation of using stemming rod, adopt a heavy vehicle or machinery (as rig) or other weights that stemming rod is remained on the appropriate location, tamper just can not become fly bomb at the high energy material explosion time like this.This is with regard to requiring to be used for stemming rod is remained on the powerful power that vehicle on the appropriate location or mechanical energy stands to send and self does not damage.Obviously, mining site managers are reluctant that with construction supervisions according to said method their machine being used as damper uses.The slungshot that produces in the fragmentation owing to the neck ring district in hole also can cause damage to machine.
When digging or undertaking the construction of civil construction, must definitely require safety, and authorities do not allow to produce slungshot or other fly bombs in this process.For example use a kind of non-explosive method, but say that usually this is a kind of expensive selection, it usually can reduce to contractor's profit for a special engineering and no longer include on the degree of economic benefit.
At the special plugging material of use, as sand, under the situation of drilling cuttings etc., tamper usually can be from the free end ejection in hole.Clearly, because the energy that the blocked material of non-technical part of explosion energy sprays consumes, therefore in stowing operation, lack power from the hole.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of pack hole, and a kind of method of attempting to alleviate the pack hole of one of them problem in the above-mentioned prior art that is used to form.
According to the present invention, a kind of method of pack hole is provided, comprise the following steps: that (a) inserts in the hole high energy material and trigger; (b) insert the Kong Zhongzhi predetermined altitude with endergonic plugging material; (c) stopper is inserted into places in the hole on the plugging material, stopper is provided with is convenient to the device that trigger is connected with the ignition source; And (d) mechanically remain on stopper in the hole, in case stopper is removed at the bottom of the hole significantly, take this, in use, when trigger was connected with the ignition source, high energy material was detonated, thereby near gas pressure raises rapidly at the bottom of making the hole, and plugging material is used to absorb by the pressure that gas produced that leaves at the bottom of the hole, so that stopper and gas pressure are roughly isolated, and makes on the effect of gas pressure concentrates at the bottom of the hole.
Preferably, step (b) comprises that the height of inserting in the hole approximately is near or below the height in the neck ring district in hole.
Preferably, step (c) comprising: the stopper with hole or groove is provided, and lead-in wire can therefrom lead to the ignition source from trigger, so that connection between the two; And, when being inserted into stopper in the hole, lead-in wire is passed hole or groove.
In another kind of embodiment, step (c) comprises providing to have the stopper of being convenient to the converter that trigger is connected with wireless electromagnetic between the ignition source.
Preferably, step (d) is included on the top of stopper pressure-bearing or places pouring weight.
Perhaps, step (d) comprises stopper is fixed in the described hole.
According to another aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of being used for wanting broken hard material to form the method for pack hole, this method comprises the following steps: the rig that (a) is provided for holing on hard material; (b) high energy material and trigger are inserted in the hole; (c) with endergonic clogged with material hole until predetermined altitude; (d) stopper is inserted into places in the hole on the plugging material, stopper is provided with is convenient to the device that trigger is connected with the ignition source; And (e) mechanically remain on stopper in the hole, in case stopper is removed at the bottom of the hole significantly, take this, in use, when trigger was connected with the ignition source, high energy material was detonated, thereby near gas pressure raises rapidly at the bottom of making the hole, and plugging material is used to absorb by the pressure that gas produced that leaves at the bottom of the hole, so that stopper and gas pressure are roughly isolated, and makes on the effect of gas pressure concentrates at the bottom of the hole.
Preferably, step (e) comprises at least a portion weight of the top upper support rig that makes stopper.
According to a further aspect of the invention, provide a kind of method of pack hole, comprised the following steps: that (a) inserts in the hole high energy material and trigger; (b) insert the Kong Zhongzhi predetermined altitude with endergonic plugging material; (c) provide the multi-piece type stopper, and stopper is inserted into places in the hole on the plugging material, stopper is provided with is convenient to the device that trigger is connected with the ignition source; (d) the one or more members that make stopper move each other and are fixed to effect with formation, so that stopper machinery is remained in the hole.
According to a further aspect of the invention, provide a kind of method of pack hole, comprised the following steps: that (a) inserts in the hole high energy material and trigger; (b) insert the Kong Zhongzhi predetermined altitude with endergonic plugging material; (c) come machinery to keep described plugging material in the hole by stopper being provided, being inserted into described stopper in the described hole and described stopper machinery being remained on.
Preferably, stopper also is provided with and is convenient to the device that trigger is connected with the ignition source.
According to a further aspect of the invention, a kind of stemming rod that is used for stopping up the hole of hard material is provided, the Kong Zaiqi bottom loaded has high energy material, and stemming rod comprises: first opening that is positioned at the first end place; Second opening of distance first opening one segment distance, when being placed in the hole with first end of convenient stemming rod, second opening is positioned at the outside in hole; Extend in slit, passage or groove between first and second openings, the trigger device can therefrom pass through, so that the high energy material in ignition or the explosive hole.
Preferably, be convenient to the device that is connected with the container that is loaded with high energy material, when being inserted into stemming rod in the hole, can simultaneously high energy material be placed in the hole with box lunch also being provided with of its first end place.
According to a further aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of pack hole, comprised the following steps: in hard material, to hole so that make the method for hard material fragmentation effectively; A large amount of high energy materials is put in the hole; The stemming rod that is formed with slit, passage or groove is provided, and stemming rod has first opening that is arranged in the first end place that is suitable for being inserted into the hole and second opening of distance first opening one segment distance, and distance makes second opening be positioned at the outside in hole; First end with stemming rod is inserted in the hole earlier; The trigger device is passed second opening, operationally contacts with high energy material by slit, passage or groove and after first opening passes downwards, so that the trigger device can be ignited high energy material, so that make the hard material fragmentation effectively.
Preferably, also comprise and stemming rod machinery kept or be fixed on step in the hole.
Preferably, the step that high energy material is put in the hole comprises the first end place that high energy material is bearing in stemming rod, so that be inserted in the hole by first end with stemming rod high energy material is placed in the hole.
Preferably, the step that high energy material is bearing in the first end place of stemming rod comprises: be provided for holding the container of high energy material, and container be connected on first end of stemming rod, and be connected with first opening.
In one embodiment, the container nationality is by being screwed together on stemming rod mutually.
In another kind of embodiment, container is press-fitted or is engaged in fast on first end of stemming rod.
The trigger device adopts can be by any form of slit, passage or groove in the stemming rod, and for example can comprise detonator, Electronic match, non-electronics trigger, one section fuse or the flame of aligned slots, passage or groove downwards.At the trigger device is under the situation of flame, and this flame can be formed by the short arm bullet of filling suitable pyrotechnic material or theatrical shell or cap.High energy material can adopt the form of explosive or propellant.
Description of drawings
Part is consulted accompanying drawing, is only described embodiments of the invention in the mode of example now, in these accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram according to the formed a kind of pack hole of embodiment of the inventive method;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram according to the formed a kind of pack hole of second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram according to the formed a kind of pack hole of third embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram according to the formed a kind of pack hole of fourth embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5-8 shows the different embodiment of the drift ping that can be used for the inventive method;
Fig. 9 is the front view that is applicable to a kind of stemming rod among all embodiment of pack hole method;
Figure 10 is the A-A cutaway view of Figure 10;
Figure 11 is the sectional elevation of second embodiment of stemming rod, and it also shows the other method of pack hole; And
Figure 12 is the cutaway view of the another kind of embodiment of stemming rod and pack hole method.
The detailed description of preferred embodiment
The total method that is adopted among all embodiment of the present invention has been shown among Fig. 1.On the hard material tableland 10 such as rock, be drilled with hole 12 with common rig.In case bored hole 12, will fill in the hole such as the cartridge explosive or the rocket explosive 14 or a large amount of high energy materials, and be seated on the bottom in hole 12 or near it.What combine setting with high energy material 14 operation is trigger 18.This trigger 18 can be the part in the entire package that includes high energy material 14 simultaneously.Perhaps, it also can be to fill in the trigger that separate in one in the hole with high energy material 14.Then, plugging material 20 is filled in the hole 12, it highly is equivalent to the predetermined altitude L of end of the neck ring district C in hole 12.Employed plugging material 20 can absorb energy or shock wave rather than transmit energy or shock wave.For example, plugging material preferably adopts the form of loose or little particle packing or special material, as sand, gravel, earth, rubble or drilling cuttings or liquid or have with shearing force and increase and the colloidal suspensions of the character that viscosity increases.
In case plugging material 20 is received in the hole, just stopper 22 is filled in this hole.In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, stopper 22 is T-shaped, and it has the crossbar 26 of center stub 24 and horizontal expansion.The length of stopper 22 or more properly rod 24 length be equal to, or greater than the degree of depth in the hole 12 that is filled with plugging material 20.That is to say that the length of rod 24 should make plugging material be in or be lower than the neck ring district C in hole 12.
Finally, from the hole top of 12 stoppers that stretch out 22 by mechanical compaction.In this embodiment, use the weight such as the scraper bowl 30 of excavator 32 to be pressed on the plug end.Yet, use the rig of initial boring 12 usefulness or use the pouring weight such as concrete block or sand bag also can obtain same effect.
When trigger 18 was connected with the ignition source, it ignited high energy material 14, thereby produced blast or detonation.At this moment, near the gas pressure the bottom in hole 16 sharply rises.This pressure act on comprise upward to all directions in, act on thus on the plugging material 20.Because plugging material 20 nationalitys can not be fled by the effect of stopper 22 and pouring weight 30, therefore act on gas pressure in this direction and plugging material 20 is compressed or lock.Because the length of stopper 22 is equivalent to the length of the neck ring district C in hole 12 at least, so neck ring district C is scraped and to produce the possibility of slungshot very little.And, escape from from hole 12 by preventing plugging material 20, and, thereby make than other situations more explosion energy of vast scale and the bottom that gas pressure can act on hole 16 because plugging material 20 can be headed on hole surface and compresses and be locked in the appropriate location.Like this, improved blast efficient.Therefore, cutting or the broken hard material only use of amount together take less expense, and have increased burst size than same in the prior art high energy material.
Fig. 2 shows the less version at the equipment that is used for realizing existing method.In the figure, identical label is used to represent identical feature.Essential difference between the embodiment illustrated in figures 1 and 2 is that plugging material 20 is provided with in the packing 34, and stopper 22 is a kind of simple stemming rods, and does not comprise crossbar 26 not resembling in Fig. 1.For different application, packing 34 can have different length and diameter, and can comprise dissimilar plugging material 20.If need, can in hole 12, fill in more than one plugging material packing 34.Use this plugging material packing 34 and simply the performance of the method for stopper 22 is identical with Fig. 1.The length of stopper 22 be arranged to once more to guarantee plugging material kept or maintained on the height of neck ring district C in hole 12 or under.In the method, earlier high energy material 14 and trigger 18 are put into hole 12.Then, plugging material packing 34 is filled in the hole.Usually, lead-in wire 28 is arranged between the surface in the outside of the plugging material of having packed 34 and hole 12.Then, lead-in wire 28 is passed passage in the stopper 22 or groove and be connected with a suitable ignition source.And then, any suitable available pouring weight is placed on the top of stopper 22, and activates the ignition source so that high energy material 14 blasts.Identical among the effect of the plugging material of having packed 34, stopper 22 and pouring weight (not shown) and above-mentioned Fig. 1.Stopper 22 also can be provided with crossbar 26 or top board, fence or flange, so that increase the area of a bearing block.
In version shown in Figure 3, the converter (transducer) 36 that is used to provide trigger 18 to be connected with electromagnetism/magnetic between ignition source (not shown) is provided in stopper 22, thereby replaces the lead-in wire 28 that extends to the ignition source from trigger 18 by stopper 22.For realizing this connection, receiver 38 is connected with trigger 18 or is associated, so that decipher the igniting code, and/or draw the operational power of the signal that free converter 36 transmitted.For helping signal to be sent to receiver 38 from converter 36, plugging material 20 can be formed or included these particulates by magnetic conduction and/or electrically conductive particles.A kind of suitable converter 36 and receiver 38 have been described among the international application no PCT/AU98/00929.In this embodiment, plugging material 20 also is loose as shown in the figure, promptly packless plugging material.Yet this plugging material also can be the plugging material of having packed 34 shown in Figure 2, and wherein container or assurance itself are by magnetic conduction and/or conductive material is made or otherwise carry or have the particulate of being buried underground that has this class feature or lead etc.Because stopper 22 helps trigger 18 and is connected with the ignition source, therefore need not to resemble to go between one illustrated in figures 1 and 2 and pass stopper 22.Yet in all others, the method for this pack hole 12 is identical.
The another kind of version of the equipment that can carry out this method has been shown among Fig. 4.In this embodiment, stopper 22 be provided with can with the electric wire 40 and 42 that exchanges or the dc point burning things which may cause a fire disaster is connected.This electric wire 40 can be earth connection or datum line, and it can or head on an extension (not shown) of the inboard in hole 12 supporting by setting via stopper 22 itself and be connected with ground 10.Another lead-in wire 42 be can with the control line of lead-in wire 40 electric insulations, for the usefulness that produces with the electrical potential difference of lead-in wire 40.Trigger 18 in this case is electric initiation devices, and one terminals 44 are electrically connected with lead-in wire 40, and promptly by the surface earthing in hole 12, second lead-in wire 46 then is electrically connected with lead-in wire 42.This connection can be carried out via the plugging material of having packed 34.As the foregoing description, in case high energy material 14, trigger 18, plugging material 20 and stopper 22 are set in the hole, then the top of stopper 22 is just by mechanical compaction.The lead-in wire 40 that extends from stopper 22 can exchange or the power supply of DC current is connected with being used for providing as required with 42, in order to actuating trigger 18, and ignites high energy material 14 thus.Identical in aerodynamic force in the hole 12 and relevant the foregoing description.Plugging material 34 nationalitys of having packed are remained in the hole by the stopper 22 that is kept by machinery.When gas pressure raise, plugging material 20 was compacted and roughly isolate with stopper 22, made the pouring weight or other mechanical device that act on the stopper avoid powerful gas pressure thus, and was that less vibration acts on pouring weight/device.Equally, because stopper 22 is maintained among the hole 12, so its bottom is lower than the height of neck ring district C, thereby the possibility that the neck ring district C in hole is blown up is very little.Like this, the effect of the plugging material 34 packed of pouring weight, stopper 22 and plugging material 20/ is just concentrated and is based upon to the gas pressure of the bottom in hole 16.So just farthest improved the efficient of process.
The foregoing description relates to the filling in hole 12.Yet method of the present invention can expand to the method for actual formation pack hole, and this method and said method are roughly the same, at first provides rig, hole 12 initial step then but increased.In the method, can utilize the drilling cuttings of boring 12 as plugging material 20 the most easily.Equally, 12 the rig itself of being used at first holing also can be used as the pouring weight on the top that is applied to stopper 22, so that this stopper is mechanically remained on the appropriate location.
Fig. 5-8 shows and is used for nationality is mechanically remained on plugging material 20 hole by various types of expandable plug other the whole bag of tricks.
In Fig. 5, stopper 22 comprises tapered rod 22a and 22b, and they can slide mutually to increase the total diameter of stopper 22 in hole 12, so that by being fixed to effect stopper 22 is mechanically remained in the hole.Rod 22a is provided with passage, slit or groove, and lead-in wire 28 can therefrom pass through, so that trigger 18 is connected in the mode that is similar to embodiment illustrated in figures 1 and 2 with the ignition source.
In Fig. 6, stopper 22 is made of wedge spare 22d in the taper of a cone 22c and a complementation.Cone 22c puts into hole 12 earlier with the end of its diameter maximum and is bearing on the plugging material 20.Then, will go up wedge spare 22d and be placed on the cone 22c, and it will be pressed to downwards on the cone 22c, so that it is wedged in the hole 12 effectively.In order to help or to be convenient to be fixed to effect, wedge spare 22d can be provided with a plurality of vertical finger pieces or otch, and when being urged on cone 22c, these finger pieces or otch can radially outward launch.And when the high energy material explosion time, the increase of gas pressure is used to attempt to make plugging material 20 12 ejections from the hole.Be then used in cone 22c/ wedge spare 22d is abutted against on the hole 12 with combining closely, further stop the ejection of plugging material 20 thus.In this embodiment, two member 22c of stopper 22 and 22d are provided with the passage on same straight line, and lead-in wire 28 therefrom passes through.
It perhaps is the form of the simplest stopper 22 that Fig. 9 shows, and it comprises and the essentially identical stemming rod 22g of Fig. 2 and be fixed to or suppress a simple wedge spare 22h between the side in stemming rod 22g and hole 12.
In each embodiment shown in Fig. 5-8, by with a weight or pouring weight with on the end that is similar to mode embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 and is bearing in stopper 22 further machinery keep plugging material 20 or plugging material packing 34.
Keep plugging material by machinery, the effect that has improved plugging material has reduced noise and slungshot simultaneously.The effect of plugging material 20 is to make by the axial compressive force that blast produced of high energy material to aim at the radial compression force that heads on hole wall, produce thus and be used for the bigger frictional force that stops plugging material to spray, and therefore prolonged retention time of gas pressure of the bottom in hole 12 from the hole.Obviously, keep plugging material to stop it from the hole, to spray, can improve its effect and income by machinery.By on the position that plugging material machinery is remained on the hole, near or be positioned under the neck ring district, can further improve blast efficient.This is used to make the neck ring district isolated with bigger pressure, is produced the possibility of slungshot thereby minimizing neck ring district blows.As mentioned above, but nationality by an expandable plug is inserted in the hole, expands then and abut against that machinery keeps plugging material on the wall side with expanded state not.Pressure by plugging material 20 expandable plug that passes to is used to make stopper further outwards to expand, so that increase the mechanical retention on the plugging material.It has formed a kind of self-tightening or self-locking system that is used to keep plugging material effectively.Perhaps, also can be by being inserted into a nondistensible rod or stopper in the hole and on this stopper, pressing a weight or pouring weight realizes that machinery keeps.This can be by adopting usually on the mining scene available equipment, waiting such as soil mobile device, chain, sandbag and realize.The outside weight or the pouring weight that certainly, also can be used in combination an expandable plug simultaneously and act on the stopper come machinery to keep plugging material.
Fig. 9 and 10 shows a kind of stemming rod 22k, and it can be encased among some embodiment of said method.For example, the stemming rod of this stemming rod 22k or similar type can use in Fig. 1,2,5 (replace tapered rod 22a) and embodiment shown in Figure 8.
The form of the employing cylindricality metal bar (such as steel) that stemming rod 22k is total, it has first opening 44 at first end, 46 places, and this end system is inserted into the end of the excellent 22k in the hole 12; And, be positioned at 50 places, top or near a position on have second opening 48, when being inserted in the hole 12 with convenient first end 46, opening 48 is positioned at the outside in hole 12.Extending to second opening 48 along stemming rod 22k from first opening 44 vertically offers or otherwise is formed with a slit 52.A plurality of pins 58 cross slit 56.These pins 58 roughly evenly are provided with at interval along the length of slit 56.Pin 58 main purpose is to form a guiding piece, exploding wire or detonator line is remained among the scope of stemming rod 22k attempting.
In the stemming rod 221 of another kind of form shown in Figure 11, be provided with an inner passage 56a, thereby replace the slit 56 that extends along the outer surface of stemming rod 22k.This passage 56a is in first opening 44a that locates in the bottom of stemming rod 221 and extension between near second opening 48 the top 50 on the outer surface of stemming rod 221, at stemming rod 221.Exploding wire or go between and 28 extend through this passage 221.
The form of the stemming rod shown in Figure 10-11 provides the method for another kind of pack hole.Figure 11 shows wherein a kind of method.In the method, high energy material 14 is contained among the cartridge 60 that is connected with the end 46 of stemming rod 221.This connection is by interfering coupling with the end 46 of stemming rod 221, and this end 46 is become its diameter to successively decrease along the direction of 12 the bottom towards the hole by taper.This method comprises: initial boring on the hard material such as rock or boulder 10, cartridge 60 is shifted onto on the end 46 of stemming rod 221, end 46 with stemming rod 221 is inserted in the hole 12 earlier, then exploding wire 28 is passed down through passage 221 by opening 48a, and passes bottle/cartridge 60, operationally contact with high energy material 14 from opening 44a.
In order to prevent that stemming rod 221 from flying out from hole 12 at high energy material 14 explosion times, but nationality is by holding it on the appropriate location such as bull-dozer, caterpillar tractor, rig or other vehicles that are pressed on terminal 50.Because the formed infiltration taper fracture of the blast of high energy material 14 (PCF) forms usually shown in the chain-dotted line F among Figure 11.
It being understood that the stemming rod 22k shown in Fig. 9 and 10 also can replace employed stemming rod 221 among the embodiment shown in Figure 12 certainly.
Figure 12 shows another kind of embodiment.In this embodiment, accommodate the container 60 of high energy material 14 less than supporting or otherwise being connected with stemming rod 22m.On the contrary, this container 60 was put into earlier among the hole 12 before stemming rod 22m inserts.High energy material 14 is accommodated in flammable or one touches in the bag that flame promptly is easy to melt.In another kind of version embodiment illustrated in fig. 12, be that nationality is by igniting by the flame of passage 56b rather than by the physics trigger such as detonator, Electronic match, non-Electronic match or fuse.Flame can be produced by the short arm bullet 62 of filling pyrotechnic material.This bullet 62 is contained in a cavity at 50 places, top that are arranged in stemming rod 22m, and nationality is triggered by the traditional approach of pin of opening fire (firing pin) and so on.Thus, in this embodiment, when bullet 62 was opened fire, flame entered into passage 56b by opening 48b, and came out from the opposite end of stemming rod 22m by opening 44b, lighted the bag that accommodates high energy material 14, thereby made high energy material light or explode.Embodiment shown in Figure 12 and 13 is particularly useful for the blast of (charge) on a small scale.The significant benefit of these embodiment is that ignition is realized by high energy material 14 after putting in the hole 12 at stemming rod 22.Because trigger 30 puts into stemming rod 22 after in the hole 13, the therefore danger that causes unexpectedly or explode or can't work prematurely with regard to the insertion pressure that not have owing to stemming rod 22 owing to the system among the stemming rod 22 is damaged.
Since described all embodiment of the present invention in detail, the those of skill in the art in those association areas should be appreciated that, under the prerequisite that does not break away from main thought of the present invention, and also can multiple variation or modification.For example, can adopt the packing or the unpacked plugging material 20 of any kind, so that the pressure of the generation that this plugging material can be produced after compacted after the high energy material ignition or absorption high energy material are ignited.
Yet as mentioned above, the liquid with characteristic that its viscosity increases along with the increase of shearing force is fit to.In addition, be noted that in the embodiment shown in fig. 1 that stopper 22 is provided with crossbar 26.In a kind of version, bolt or pin can pass through or advance around crossbar 26, so that the mechanical fixation stopper is placed pouring weight thereby be substituted on the stopper 22.Yet what will believe is that this version can cause cost to increase because of needs extra labour and equipment.In addition, also replace crossbar 26 with plate.In addition, preferably, when the length of stopper 22 is configured in being inserted into the hole, its bottom is in and roughly is near or below on the height in the neck ring district in hole 12.Will be appreciated that neck ring district C changes along with the character of the structure in hole and the used material that forms hole 12.
All these change and modification all is considered to drop among the scope of the present invention to the open-and-shut version of those of ordinary skill in the art together with those, and scope of the present invention is limited by foregoing description and accessory claim.
Claims (20)
1. the method for a pack hole comprises the following steps:
(a) high energy material and trigger are inserted in the hole;
(b) insert the Kong Zhongzhi predetermined altitude with endergonic plugging material;
(c) come machinery to keep described plugging material in the hole by stopper being provided, being inserted into described stopper in the described hole and described stopper machinery being remained on.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described stopper also is provided with is convenient to the device that described trigger is connected with the ignition source.
3. the method for a pack hole comprises the following steps:
(a) high energy material and trigger are inserted in the hole;
(b) insert the Kong Zhongzhi predetermined altitude with endergonic plugging material;
(c) provide the multi-piece type stopper, and described stopper is inserted into places in the hole on the described plugging material, described stopper is provided with is convenient to the device that described trigger is connected with the ignition source;
(d) all members that make described stopper move each other and are fixed to effect with formation, so that stopper machinery is remained in the hole.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the described step that is used to provide described multi-piece type stopper comprises provides the stopper with at least two members, and described member can move each other so that increase total external diameter of described stopper, thereby stopper is fixed in the described hole.
5. the method for a pack hole comprises the following steps:
(a) high energy material and trigger are inserted in the hole;
(b) insert the Kong Zhongzhi predetermined altitude with endergonic plugging material;
(c) stopper is inserted into places in the hole on the described plugging material, described stopper is provided with is convenient to the device that described trigger is connected with the ignition source; And
(d) described stopper is mechanically remained in the described hole, in case stopper is removed at the bottom of the hole significantly, take this, in use, when described trigger was connected with the ignition source, described high energy material was detonated, thereby near gas pressure raises rapidly at the bottom of making the hole, and described plugging material is used to absorb the pressure that gas produced that is left at the bottom of the hole by described, so that described stopper and described gas pressure are roughly isolated, and makes on the effect of described gas pressure concentrates at the bottom of the hole.
6. method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, step (b) comprises that the height of inserting in the described hole approximately is near or below the height in the neck ring district in described hole.
7. method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, step (c) comprising: the stopper with hole or groove is provided, and lead-in wire can therefrom lead to described ignition source from described trigger, so that connection between the two; And, when being inserted into described stopper in the described hole, described lead-in wire is passed described hole or groove.
8. method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, step (c) comprises providing to have the described stopper of being convenient to the converter that described trigger is connected with wireless electromagnetic between the described ignition source.
9. method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, step (d) is included on the top of described stopper pressure-bearing or places pouring weight.
10. method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, step (d) comprises is fixed in the described hole described stopper.
11. one kind is used for wanting broken hard material to form the method for pack hole, described method comprises the following steps:
(a) be provided for the rig of on described hard material, holing;
(b) high energy material and trigger are inserted in the described hole;
(c) with the described hole of endergonic clogged with material until predetermined altitude;
(d) stopper is inserted into places in the described hole on the described plugging material, described stopper is provided with is convenient to the device that described trigger is connected with described ignition source; And
(e) described stopper is mechanically remained in the described hole, in case stopper is removed at the bottom of the hole significantly, take this, in use, when described trigger was connected with the ignition source, described high energy material was detonated, thereby near gas pressure raises rapidly at the bottom of making the hole, and described plugging material is used to absorb the pressure that gas produced that is left at the bottom of the hole by described, so that described stopper and described gas pressure are roughly isolated, and makes on the effect of described gas pressure concentrates at the bottom of the hole.
12. method as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, step (e) comprises at least a portion weight of the described rig of top upper support that makes described stopper.
13. a stemming rod that is used for stopping up the hole of hard material, described Kong Zaiqi bottom loaded has high energy material, and described stemming rod comprises: first opening that is positioned at the first end place; Second opening of described first opening, one segment distance of distance, when being placed in the hole with first end of convenient stemming rod, described second opening is positioned at the outside in hole; Extend in slit, passage or groove between described first and second openings, the trigger device can therefrom pass through, so that the high energy material in ignition or the explosive hole.
14, stemming rod as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, is convenient to the device that is connected with the container that is loaded with described high energy material also being provided with of its first end place, when being inserted into described stemming rod in the hole, can simultaneously high energy material be placed in the described hole with box lunch.
15, a kind of pack hole comprises the following steps: so that make the method for hard material fragmentation effectively
In described hard material, hole;
A large amount of high energy materials is put in the hole;
The stemming rod that is formed with slit, passage or groove is provided, described stemming rod has first opening that is arranged in the first end place that is suitable for being inserted into the hole and second opening of described first opening, one segment distance of distance, and described distance makes described second opening be positioned at the outside in hole;
Described first end with described stemming rod is inserted in the hole earlier;
The trigger device is passed second opening, operationally contacts with described high energy material by slit, passage or groove and after described first opening passes downwards, so that described trigger device can be ignited high energy material, so that make the hard material fragmentation effectively.
16. method as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that, also comprises described stemming rod machinery kept or being fixed on step in the described hole.
17. method as claimed in claim 16, it is characterized in that, the step that described high energy material is put in the hole comprises the first end place that described high energy material is bearing in described stemming rod, so that be inserted in the hole by first end with stemming rod high energy material is placed in the hole.
18. method as claimed in claim 17, it is characterized in that, the step that described high energy material is bearing in the first end place of described stemming rod comprises: the container that is provided for holding described high energy material, and described container is connected on first end of described stemming rod, and is connected with described first opening.
19. method as claimed in claim 15, it is characterized in that, described trigger device adopts can be by any form of the slit in the described stemming rod, passage or groove, and can comprise for example detonator, Electronic match, non-electronics trigger, one section fuse or aim at the flame of described slit, passage or groove downwards.
20. method as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, step (c) comprises being used in the described boring step stops up described hole by the drilling cuttings that described rig produced.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AUPP7699A AUPP769998A0 (en) | 1998-12-14 | 1998-12-14 | Method and apparatus for fracturing hard material |
| AUPP7699 | 1998-12-14 | ||
| US13443899P | 1999-05-17 | 1999-05-17 | |
| US60/134,438 | 1999-05-17 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1338038A true CN1338038A (en) | 2002-02-27 |
Family
ID=25645941
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99816176A Pending CN1338038A (en) | 1998-12-14 | 1999-12-14 | Method and apparatus for charging a hole |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1144943A4 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2002532678A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1338038A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2360771A1 (en) |
| HK (1) | HK1040762A1 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO20012883L (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000036364A1 (en) |
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| CN100462664C (en) * | 2002-07-18 | 2009-02-18 | 许祖岳 | Explosion method |
| CN103017622A (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2013-04-03 | 山西大同大学 | Water-resisting returnable multi-stage buffer fractured self-deformation self-latching shot hole stopper |
| CN104215137A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2014-12-17 | 武汉大学 | Method for blasting and excavating dam foundation and rock foundation |
| CN107664466A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-02-06 | 宿州云宏建设安装有限公司 | A kind of spherical blasthole spacer delivery device |
| CN108195242A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-06-22 | 刘月江 | A kind of rock-blasting method |
| CN111397460A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-07-10 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Blast hole filling device |
| CN111457808A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-07-28 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Tunnel blasting construction big gun hole blocks up device |
| CN112066831A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-12-11 | 中国矿业大学 | Blast hole plugging device, plugging method and method for detecting pre-splitting blasting roof cutting effect |
| CN115012815A (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2022-09-06 | 国家能源集团宁夏煤业有限责任公司 | Vertical shaft blasting presplitting grouting method |
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| WO2002101196A1 (en) * | 2001-06-12 | 2002-12-19 | Barry Anthony Hodgkinson | A method of excavating a hard material body |
| KR101042719B1 (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2011-06-20 | 주식회사 금강이엔씨 | Method for blasting rock using air layer to fill crushed rock in high-speed |
| RU2542792C1 (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2015-02-27 | Виктор Сергеевич Федотенко | Suspension well safety bridge |
| RU2620113C1 (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2017-05-23 | Алексей Николаевич Шустов | Hole charging method |
| RU2616011C1 (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2017-04-12 | Сергей Викторович Лукша | Method for implementation of the output charging technology in the form of the blast hole or the bored hole during the blasting operations (versions) |
| RU2616009C1 (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2017-04-12 | Сергей Викторович Лукша | Method of the output charging in the form of the blast hole or the bored hole during the blasting operations (versions) |
| RU2634131C1 (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2017-10-24 | Сергей Викторович Лукша | Mechanical stemming for implementation of output charging technology in form of blast hole or bore hole during drilling and blasting operations (versions) |
| RU177099U1 (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2018-02-08 | Сергей Викторович Лукша | MECHANICAL STOPPING FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE TECHNOLOGY FOR LOADING PRODUCTION IN THE FORM OF A HOLE OR A WELL WHILE DRILLING AND EXPLOSION WORKS |
| AU2017100633B4 (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2018-01-04 | Pws Systems Pty Ltd | Blasting method and system |
| RU176083U1 (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2017-12-27 | Акционерное общество "Полюс Красноярск" | DEVICE FOR STOPING WELLS |
| RU2695905C2 (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2019-07-29 | Сергей Викторович Лукша | Mechanical block for the implementation of loading technology in the form of the blade or well in the drilling and explosive works (variants) |
| RU178921U1 (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-04-23 | Открытое акционерное общество Центральный научно-исследовательский и проектно-конструкторский институт проходческих машин и комплексов для угольной, горной промышленности и подземного строительства "ЦНИИподземмаш" | STOP |
| RU192521U1 (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-09-19 | Сергей Викторович Лукша | MECHANICAL STOPPING FOR CHARGING PRODUCTION IN THE FORM OF A HOLE OR A WELL WHILE DRILLING AND EXPLOSION WORKS |
| RU192464U1 (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-09-17 | Сергей Викторович Лукша | MECHANICAL STOPPING FOR CHARGING PRODUCTION IN THE FORM OF A HOLE OR A WELL WHILE DRILLING AND EXPLOSION WORKS |
| RU192465U1 (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-09-17 | Сергей Викторович Лукша | MECHANICAL STOPPING FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE TECHNOLOGY FOR LOADING PRODUCTION IN THE FORM OF A HOLE OR A WELL WHILE DRILLING AND EXPLOSION WORKS |
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| US1479070A (en) * | 1922-07-05 | 1924-01-01 | Harris William Edward | Blasting |
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- 1999-12-14 CN CN99816176A patent/CN1338038A/en active Pending
- 1999-12-14 WO PCT/AU1999/001107 patent/WO2000036364A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-12-14 CA CA002360771A patent/CA2360771A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-12-14 JP JP2000588562A patent/JP2002532678A/en active Pending
- 1999-12-14 EP EP99966764A patent/EP1144943A4/en not_active Withdrawn
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2001
- 2001-06-11 NO NO20012883A patent/NO20012883L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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2002
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN100462664C (en) * | 2002-07-18 | 2009-02-18 | 许祖岳 | Explosion method |
| CN103017622A (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2013-04-03 | 山西大同大学 | Water-resisting returnable multi-stage buffer fractured self-deformation self-latching shot hole stopper |
| CN104215137A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2014-12-17 | 武汉大学 | Method for blasting and excavating dam foundation and rock foundation |
| CN107664466A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-02-06 | 宿州云宏建设安装有限公司 | A kind of spherical blasthole spacer delivery device |
| CN107664466B (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2019-08-20 | 绍兴市寅川软件开发有限公司 | A kind of spherical shape blasthole spacer delivery device |
| CN108195242A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-06-22 | 刘月江 | A kind of rock-blasting method |
| CN108195242B (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2020-03-10 | 刘月江 | Rock blasting method |
| CN111397460A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-07-10 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Blast hole filling device |
| CN111457808A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-07-28 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Tunnel blasting construction big gun hole blocks up device |
| CN112066831A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-12-11 | 中国矿业大学 | Blast hole plugging device, plugging method and method for detecting pre-splitting blasting roof cutting effect |
| CN112066831B (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2021-10-08 | 中国矿业大学 | Blast hole plugging device, plugging method and method for detecting pre-splitting blasting roof cutting effect |
| CN115012815A (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2022-09-06 | 国家能源集团宁夏煤业有限责任公司 | Vertical shaft blasting presplitting grouting method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO20012883L (en) | 2001-07-24 |
| HK1040762A1 (en) | 2002-06-21 |
| EP1144943A4 (en) | 2002-05-22 |
| WO2000036364A1 (en) | 2000-06-22 |
| NO20012883D0 (en) | 2001-06-11 |
| EP1144943A1 (en) | 2001-10-17 |
| CA2360771A1 (en) | 2000-06-22 |
| JP2002532678A (en) | 2002-10-02 |
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